:

In this lesson, students should be able to:

1) divide polynomials such as;
a) monomial by monomial,
b) polynomial by monomial,
c) polynomial by polynomial,
2) solve problems involving dividing polynomials.
2
 Rules in Dividing Polynomials
A. To divide a monomial by another monomial, use the
Commutative and associative properties to rearrange
factors. Simplify using the Quotient Rules for Exponents.
Examples:
−25𝑎5 𝑏5 3
5𝑎 𝑏 2
1) =
−5𝑎2 𝑏3
9𝑝𝑞𝑟 1
2) = −
−9𝑝2 𝑞3 𝑟 𝑝𝑞 2
 Rules in Dividing Polynomials
B. To divide a polynomial by monomial, divide each term of the polynomial by the
monomial divisor. Simplify using the Qoutient Rules for exponents.
𝑎+𝑏 𝑎 𝑏
In = + where a, b and c are real numbers and c is not equal to zero.
𝑐 𝑐 𝑐

Example:
−21𝑎7 𝑏6 −42𝑎6 𝑏5 + 7𝑎5 𝑏4 6 5 7𝑎 5𝑏4
1)
7
−21𝑎 𝑏 6 −42𝑎 𝑏
4 5 = 4 𝑏 5 −7𝑎 4 𝑏 5
−7𝑎 𝑏 4
−7𝑎 𝑏 5 −7𝑎
𝑎
= 3𝑎3 𝑏 + 6𝑎 2 −
𝑏
 Rules in Dividing Polynomials
C. To divide a polynomial by polynomial with more than one term, use a procedure
similar to long division.

Note: When using long division to divide polynomials, continue the division operation
until the remainder is 0 or the degree of the remainder is less than the degree
of the divisor.
Arrange the term with x in a descending order and the terms
with y in ascending order.
Example:
𝑥 3 −4𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 6
1) =
𝑥−2
1)
𝑥 3 −4𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 6
= 𝑥 2 −2𝑥 −3
𝑥−2

− ⊖ 3 ⨁ 2
𝑥 − 2𝑥
_______________
− 2𝑥 2 + 𝑥
− ⨁ 2 ⊖
− _______________
2𝑥 + 4𝑥
1 −4 + 1 + 6
−3𝑥 + 6
+ − 4 − 6 2 − ⨁ ⊖
2
_________________________ −3𝑥 + 6
−3 _______________
1 −2
0
1𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 −3 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 −3
2)
𝑥 3 +7𝑥 2 𝑦 +3𝑥𝑦 2 −14𝑦 3
=
𝑥 + 2𝑦
𝑥 2 +5𝑥𝑦−7𝑦 2

⊖ ⊖ ⨁
− 3 2 2
𝑥 + 5𝑥 𝑦 −7x𝑦
__________________________
2 2 3
−
2𝑥 𝑦 + 10x𝑦 − 14𝑦
⊖ ⊖ ⨁
1 7 3 − 14 2𝑥 2 𝑦 + 10x𝑦 2 − 14𝑦 3
+ −5 7 −5, 7 _____________________________
0
−10 14
_________________________________
1 2 0 0

1 2
1x + 2y Or x + 2y
 −𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝒙𝟐 − 𝟒
3) =
𝒙−𝟑
𝟑 −𝟐 −𝟒
3
+
𝟗 𝟐𝟏
____________________________
𝟑𝑥 𝟕 𝟏𝟕

𝟏𝟕
𝟑𝒙 + 7 +
𝒙−𝟑
 𝟐𝒙𝟒 +𝟑𝒙𝟑 − 𝟒𝒙 −𝟏𝟔
4) =
𝒙+𝟐

2 𝟑 𝟎 −𝟒 − 𝟏𝟔
+
−𝟒 𝟐
-2
−𝟒 𝟏𝟔
_____________________________________________________________
3
𝟐 𝑥 −𝟏 𝑥 2 𝟎
𝟐 𝒙 −𝟖

𝟑 𝟐
𝟐𝒙 − 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒙 −𝟖
 𝟗𝒙𝟒 −𝒙𝟐 − 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟐
5) =
𝟑𝒙 −𝟏
𝟏 𝟐
3 𝟎 − −𝟐
+ 𝟑 𝟑 1
1 2
𝟏 𝟎 − 3
3 3
_____________________________________________________________
𝟑𝑥 3 𝟏 𝑥 2 𝟎 𝒙 −𝟐 𝟎

𝟑𝒙 𝟑 + 𝒙 𝟐 −𝟐
 𝟒𝒙𝟑 −𝟏𝟐𝒙𝟐 +𝟏𝟕𝒙 −𝟏𝟐
6) =
𝟐𝒙 − 𝟑
𝟏𝟕
2 −𝟔 −𝟔
+ 𝟐 𝟑
-
𝟗 𝟐
𝟑 𝟐 𝟔
_____________________________________________________________
𝟐𝑥 2
−𝟑 𝒙 𝟒 𝟎

𝟐𝒙 𝟐 − 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟒
 𝑥 4 −3𝑥 3 +11𝑥 2 −3𝑥 + 10
7) =
𝑥2 + 1

1 −3 11 −3 10
+ 0 −1
0 3 0 , −1
0 − 10
________________________________________________
1 −3 10 0 0

1 −3 10
1𝑥 2 −3𝑥 + 10 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 10
 𝒙𝟓 +𝟒𝒙𝟒 +𝟐𝒙𝟑 −𝟓𝒙𝟐 +𝟒𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐
8) 𝟐 =
𝒙 + 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟒

1 4 2 −5 4 12
+ -4 −4
0 0 −4, −4
8 8
-12 −12
_____________________________________________________
1 𝑥3 0 𝑥 2 −2 𝑥 3 0 0

𝑜𝑟 𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 + 3