Scribd
Upload
35 views4 pages

Unit 4 Two

two

Uploaded by

amanuel tesfaye
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
35 views4 pages

Unit 4 Two

two

Uploaded by

amanuel tesfaye
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

4.2.

1 Magnetic effect of electric current


Magnetic field around current carrying conductor

 Magnetic fields are not only produced by magnet. An electric current flowing through a conductor can
also produce magnetic field around the wire which is determined using right hand rule(RHR)

 Field Around A Wire: a current (moving charge) produces a magnetic field encircling the wire
 Right hand rule: grasp conductor in right hand, with thumb pointing in I direction; fingers will circle
wire in B direction

Magnetic field around the current carrying conductor can be also represented by using dot and cross. Dot (.)
represents magnetic field out of the page. Cross(X) represents magnetic field into the page from RHR

1
NB: Magnetic field around the wire in which current flow into the page encircles the wire clockwise direction
and when current flow out of the page the field encircles the wire counter clockwise directions as shown
above.

The strength of magnetic field around a straight current carrying wire depends on:
• The magnitude of current flowing through the conductor and

• The inverse of the distance from the conductor. That is,

Therefore, the direction of magnetic field depends on the direction of current and the magnitude
of magnetic field strength depends on the magnitude of current.
The SI unit of magnetic field strength is Tesla (T) after the honor of Nichola Tesla (1856-1943)
and its CGS unit is Gauss (G).

Example 1: Calculate the magnetic field strength of a straight wire carrying a current of 10A at
a distance of 2cm from the wire.
Magnetic field of solenoid

Solenoid is a coil of wire that has a number of turns. It is essentially electromagnet. The magnetic field of
a solenoid is very similar to that of the bar magnet. The field lines go from the South Pole to the North Pole
inside the solenoid and North Pole to South Pole outside of it.

Right hand rule for a solenoid


The right hand rule for a solenoid states that if you grasp the solenoid with your right hand, the thumb
points to the North Pole; whereas the four fingers which encircle the solenoid points in the direction of the
flow of conventional current. The field lines inside the solenoid are parallel, equally spaced and close
together. Thus, the field inside is strong and uniform; whereas the field outside the solenoid is non uniform
and weaker than the interior field.

The magnetic field strength (B) of solenoid depends on

o The number of turns per unit lenth(n)=N/L

o Number of turns of solenoid (N) o

Current passes through solenoid (I) o Length

of solenoid (L)

thus magnetic field strength of solenoid is by

The equation, B= µ0NI/L= µ0nI where n=N/L, And µ0 is permeability of free space with value
µ0=4Π×10-7 Tm/A

3
Exercise µ0=4Π×10-7 Tm/A

1. A solenoid has 10000 turns and carry a current of 2.5A. If it is 2m long calculate the magnetic field
strength.

2. A tightly wound solenoid has 400tunrs per meter and carry a current of 10A, calculate its magnetic
field strength.

3. The magnetic field strength of solenoid that has 2000turns per meter is 16Π×10-5 T. calculate the
current that pass through the solenoid.

You might also like