Long Term Cohort Analysis Project Report
Long Term Cohort Analysis Project Report
PROJECT REPORT
SEMESTER INTERNSHIP
PROGRAMME BOOK
Page No
PROGRAM BOOK FOR
SEMESTER INTERNSHIP
University
Page No
An Internship Report on
Department of
Submitted by:
Reg.No:
Department of
Page No
Page No
Instructions to Students
Please read the detailed Guidelines on Internship hosted on the website of AP State
Council of Higher Education https://apsche.ap.gov.in
<<@>>
Page No
Student’s Declaration
I, a student of
Program, Reg. No. of the Department of
College do hereby declare that I have completed the mandatory internship from
to in (Name of
the intern organization) under the Faculty Guideship of
(Name of the Faculty Guide), Department of
,
(Name of the College)
Page No
Page No
Official Certification
Endorsements
Faculty Guide
Principal
Page No
Certificate from Intern Organization
Page No
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I would like to express my deep sense of gratitude and sincere thanks to faculty members in
Department of STATIISTICS ,JMJ COLLEGE FOR WOMEN(A),TENALI and our teaching and
non-teaching staff for their encouragement and suggestions during my project work.
I am also very happy to note the affection showered on me by my parents who encourage, co-
operate and help me at every instance. Theyshow me good path throughout my life. They increase my
spirit and energy whenever I feel low about myself. I can never forget their support. It gives me
pleasure to express my sincere thanks and affection to my friends and faculty who encouraged me a
lot during my studies
Contents
CHAPTER1:EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
CHAPTER2:OVERVIEW OF THE ORGANIZATION
CHAPTER3:INTERNSHIP PART
System Requirements
Log book reports
Weekly Reports
CHAPTER 4:
Project Thesis
CHAPTER 5: OUTCOMES DESCRIPTION
CHAPTER1:EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The internship report shall have a brief executive summary. It shall include five or more
Learning Objectives and Outcomes achieved, a brief description of the sector of business and
intern organization and summary of all the activities done by the internduring the period.
Objectives:
Suggestive contents
A. Pasteur Education and Research Training Laboratory (PEARL LABS) was inaugurated on April
19Th 2021, by theSyam Prasad Garu Vice- chancellor, Dr. NTR University.
B. Vision:-We aim to provide life science training and to produce skilled work force to the
biotechnology industries and being the first in class contract research organization in our country.
Mission :-Our mission is to become a resource center for life science training and to provide
placements. Been having the state-of-art of R&Dcenter will provide hands on experience in various
laboratories, industrial techniques to the trainee. PEARL LABS also committed to provide quality
biotechnological analytical services and contract research to the industries, researchers or
students.
D. Organizational Structure:- It have 3 blocks one is science second one is computer and third
block is for arts.
E. The roles and responsibilities of the employee is to train the students on each sector with
skilled work.
F. Performance of the organization in terms of turnover, profits, marketreach and market value is
zero.
G. Future Plans of the Organization:-It focuses on to take up the research projects from
government, data collection, analysis, storage and dissemination, programmer/project design,
performance monitoring and evaluation, practical skills as well as external relations.
Description of the Activities/Responsibilities in the Intern Organization during Internship, which shall
include - details of working conditions, weekly work schedule, equipment used, and tasks performed.
This part could end by reflecting on what kind of skills the intern acquired.
Activities :-
Week-1: Introduction and Initialization of PYTHON Software.
Windows 7 or 10
Linux: RHEL 6/7, 64-bit (almost all libraries also work in Guntur)
CPU Architecture:
4 GB RAM
5 GB free disk space
Internet Connection: Required
Skills Obtained:
DAY PERSON
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DAILY LEARNING OUTCOMES INCHARGE
&
ACTIVITY SIGNATURE
DATE
DAY-5 the initialization of the python Got and idea about the
software(pycharm) initialization part of the python
WEEK–1 (From - to - )
What is Python?
Python is a popular programming language. It is high level objectoriented programming
language.
Why Python?
Python works on different platforms (Windows, Mac, Linux, Raspberry Pi, etc).Python has a simple
syntax similar to the English language.
Example: print("Hello,
World!")Output:
Hello, World!
How Python Is Useful For Getting Job?
PYTHON
DEVELOPMENT
Download Tarball
Go to the Pycharm Download page and download the package of yourchoice. In this tutorial, I will
be installing the Community (Free) package
DAY PERSON
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DAILY LEARNING OUTCOMES INCHARGE
&
ACTIVITY SIGNATUR
DATE
E
WEEK–2 (From - to - )
A=10 B=20
C=A+B
PRINT(C)
OUTPUT:
30
Comments in Python
#
# these are used for the multiple lines of comments#
……
Functions in Python1.reusable
2.debugging is easy Syntax of
function:- deffunction_name():
*keywords cant be used in the function name
i.e., is,are,not,in,pass,break,if,else,etc..,
ADDITION USING FUNCTIONS:
PROGRAM
Defadd(a,b):
Sum=a+b Return
sum
a=int(input(“enter a number:”))
b=int(input(“enter a number:”))res=add(a,b)
print(“result is,”res)
output:-
a:10 b:20
result is 20
MULTIPLICATION USING ADDITION
PROGRAM
Defmultiply(a,b):
product=a+b Return
product
a=int(input(“enter a number:”))
b=int(input(“enter a number:”))
res=multiply(a,b)
print(“result is,”res)
output:-
a:10 b:20
result is 200
Variables in python
VARIABLES
1. GLOBAL VARIABLE
Variables that are created outside of a function are known as global variables.Global variables
can be used by everyone, both inside of functions and outside.
PROGRAM:
a=15
def display():
output:
PROGRAM:
def display():
a=15
print(“local variable is:,”a)display()
print(“ again local variable is:,”a)
output:
local variable is: 15
print("again local variable is:",a) Name Error: name 'a' is not defined
Operators in Python:
Arithmetic operators
Assignment operators
Comparison operators
Logical operators
Membership operators
Python Arithmetic Operators
Arithmetic operators are used with numeric values to perform commonmathematical operations:
- SUBTRACTION x = 5 y = 3 print(x - y)
OUTPUT:2
* MULTIPLICATION x = 5 y = 3 print(x * y)
OUTPUT:15
/ DIVISION x = 12 y = 3 print(x / y)
OUTPUT:4
X=5 y = 2 print(x % y)
% MODULUS
OUTPUT:1
** EXPONENTIATION x = 2 y = 5 print(x ** y)
OUTPUT:32
x=5
x ^= 3
^= x ^= 3 x=x^3
print(x)
OUTPUT:3
x=5
x >>= 3
>>= x >>= 3 x = x >> 3
print(x)
OUTPUT:0
x=5
x <<= 3
<<= x <<= 3 x = x << 3
print(x)
OUTPUT:40
Python Comparison Operators
Example
Operator Name Example
Program
x=5
== Equal x == y y=3
print(x == y)
OUTPUT:
False
Not x=5
!= equal x != y y=3
print(x != y)
OUTPUT:
True
Greater x=5
> than x>y y=3
print(x > y)
OUTPUT: True
Less x=5
< than x<y y=3
print(x < y)
OUTPUT:
False
Greater x=5
>= than or x >= y y=3
equal to print(x >= y)
OUTPUT:
True
Less x=5
<= than or x <= y y=3
equal print(x <= y)
to OUTPUT:
False
Python Logical Operators
x=5
not Reverse the result, not(x < 5 and x < 10) print(not(x > 3 and x <
returns False if the
10))
result is true
OUTPUT: False
x = ["apple", "banana"]
not in Returns True if a sequence with the x not in y print("pineapple" not in
specified value is not present in the
x)
object
OUTPUT: True
Strings in Python
swapcase() Swaps cases, lower case becomes txt = "Hello My NameIs sai"
upper case andvice versa x = txt.swapcase()
print(x) output:hELLO
mYnAME iS SAI
INDEXING:
list_=[10,20,30,40,50]
print (list_[0])#Output:10 print
(list_[-1])#Output:50print (list_[-
2])#Output:40
SLICING:
ACTIVITY LOGBOOK FOR THIRD WEEK
DAY PERSON
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DAILY LEARNING OUTCOMES INCHARGE
&
ACTIVITY SIGNATURE
DATE
WEEK–3 (From - to - )
LISTS IN PYTHON
* Tuple is immutable
b=(2,5,6,8)
c=a+b
print(c)
output:(1, 4, 7, 9, 2, 5, 6, 8)
2. Replication
a=(1,4,7,9)
print(a*2)
output:(1, 4, 7, 9, 1, 4, 7, 9)
3.Deletion of tuple
a=(1,4,7,9)
del a output:#empty
STRINGS TO TUPLE
a="hello"
a=[1,4,7,9]
print (tuple(a))
output:(1, 4, 7, 9)Set
Sets are used to store multiple items in a single variable.
Set is one of 4 built-in data types in Python used to store collections of data, the other 3 are List,
Tuple, and Dictionary, all with different qualities and usage.
Methods
1. union
x = {"apple", "banana", "cherry"}
2. Intersection
x = {"apple", "banana", "cherry"}
Dictionary
Methods
"model": "Mustang","year":
1964
}
car.clear()
print(car)
output:{}
"model": "Mustang","year":
1964
}
x = car.keys()
print(x)
"model": "Mustang","year":
1964
}
x = car.values()
print(x)
output:dict_values(['Ford', 'Mustang', 1964])
BINARY NUMBER
DECIMAL NUMBER:17
BINARY NUMBER:00010001
ACTIVITY LOGBOOK FOR FOURTH WEEK
DAY PERSON
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF LEARNING OUTCOMES INCHARGE
&
THE DAILYACTIVITY SIGNATURE
DATE
WEEK–4 (From - to - )
1. if statement
2. if else statement
3. Ladder if else statement (if-elif-else)
Python If statements
This construct of python program consist of one if condition with one block of statements. When
condition becomes true then executes the block given below it.
Syntax:
if ( condition):
…………………..
…………………..
…………………..
EXAMPLE PROGRAM:
This construct of python program consist of one if condition with two blocks. When condition
becomes true then executes the block given below it. If condition evaluates result as false, it will
executes the blockgiven below else.
Syntax:
if ( condition):
…………………..
else:
…………………..
EXAMPLE PROGRAM:
OUTPUT:
Enter Age:20
This construct of python program consist of more than one if condition. When first condition
evaluates result as true then executes the block given below it. If condition evaluates result as false, it
transfer.
the control at else part to test another condition. So, it is multi-decisionmaking construct.
Syntax:
if ( condition-1):
…………………..
…………………..
elif (condition-2):
…………………..
…………………..
elif (condition-3):
…………………..
…………………..
else:
…………………..
…………………..
EXAMPLE PROGRAM:
OUTPUT:
The iteration (Looping) constructs mean to execute the block of statements again and again
depending upon the result of condition. This repetition of statements continues till condition meets
True result.As soon as condition meets false result, the iteration stops.
Python supports following types of iteration statements
1. while
2. for
Python while loop
The while loop is conditional construct that executes a block of statements again and again till given
condition remains true. Whenevercondition meets result false then loop will terminate.
Syntax:
..…………………
num=1 while(num<=7):
print(num, end=” “)num +
= 1 OUTPUT:
1
num=1
sum=0
while(num<=10):
sum + = numnum
+=1
OUTPUT:
A for loop is used for iterating over a sequence With for loop we can execute a set of statements,
and for loop can also execute once for eachelement in a list, tuple, set etc.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DAY PERSON
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE LEARNING OUTCOMES INCHARGE
&
DAILYACTIVITY SIGNATURE
DATE
WEEK–5(From - to - )
1. AREA OF SQUARE:
side = 6
Area = side*side
OUTPUT:
OUTPUT:
3. AREA OF HEXAGON:
side = 6
area =3√3/2*(s**s)
OUTPUT:
SPEED IS:0
Num=int(input(“Enter a number:”)
If(Num%2==0):
Print(“even number”)
Elif(Num%2!=0):
Print(“odd number”)
Else:
Print(“error”)
OUTPUT:
Enter a number:10
even number
print(thisdict)
**thisdict = {
"brand": "Ford",
"model": "Mustang","year":
1964
}
print(thisdict["brand"]) OUTPUT:ford
4. SET DATA TYPE:
**thisset = {"apple", "banana", "cherry"}
print(len(thisset))
OUTPUT:3
{1, 3, 5, 7, 9}
{False, True}
banana
APPLICATIONS ON OPERATORS:
**print(10 * 5)#OUTPUT:50
** print (10+5)#OUTPUT:15
** print (10-5)#OUTPUT:5
** print(10/5)#OUTPUT:2
** print(10//5)#OUTPUT:2
** print(2**2)#OUTPUT:4
ACTIVITY LOGBOOK FOR SIXTH WEEK
WEEK–6 (From - to - )
1. DEFAULT ARGUMENT
2. REQUIRED ARGUMENT
3. VARIABLE LENGTH ARGUMENT
4. KEYWORD ARGUMENT
1. DEFAULT ARGUMENT
* No of arguments need not to be same in function call and functiondefinition
def display(“name”,”branch”:”cse”)Print(name)
Print(branch)
display(Sai,ece)
display(Rajesh)
OUTPUT:
Sai,ece
Rajesh,cse
2. REQUIRED ARGUMENT
4. KEYWORD ARGUMENT
def display(a,b) Print(a,b)
display(a=10,b=20)
display(b=10,a=20)
OUTPUT:
10,20
20,10
LAMBDA FUNCTIONS:
*A lambda function can take any number of arguments, but can onlyhave one expression.
SYNTAX:
** x = lambda a: a + 10
print(x(5)) OUTPUT:15
** x = lambda a, b: a * b
print(x(5, 6)) OUTPUT:30
** x = lambda a, b, c: a + b + c
print(x(5, 6, 2))
OUTPUT:13
An object-oriented paradigm is to design the program using classes andobjects. The object is related
to real-word entities such as book, house, pencil, etc. The oops concept focuses on writing the
reusable code. It is a widespread technique to solve the problem by creating objects.
Class
Object
Method
Inheritance
Polymorphism
Data Abstraction
Encapsulation
1. CLASS
The class can be defined as a collection of objects. It is a logical entity that has some specific
attributes and methods. For example: if you have an employee class, then it should contain an
attribute and method, i.e. an email id, name, age, salary, etc.
SYNTAX:
class ClassName:
<statement-1>
.
.
<statement-N>
2. OBJECT
The object is an entity that has state and behavior. It may be any real-world object like the mouse,
keyboard, chair, table, pen, etc.
When we define a class, it needs to create an object to allocate thememory. Consider the following
example.
class car:
Toyota 2016
In the above example, we have created the class named car, and it has two attributes modelname
and year. We have created a c1 object to access the class attribute. The c1 object will allocate
memory for thesevalues.
ACTIVITY LOGBOOK FOR SEVENTH WEEK
DAY PERSON
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE LEARNING OUTCOMES INCHARGE
&
DAILYACTIVITY SIGNATURE
DATE
WEEK–7 (From - to - )
3. METHOD
The method is a function that is associated with an object. In Python, amethod is not unique to class
instances. Any object type can have methods.
4. INHERITANCE
Inheritance is the most important aspect of object-oriented programming, which simulates the real-
world concept of inheritance. Itspecifies that the child object acquires all the properties and
behaviors of the parent object.
By using inheritance, we can create a class which uses all the propertiesand behavior of another class.
The new class is known as a derived class or child class, and the one whose properties are acquired
is known as a base class or parent class.
Types of Inheritance depend upon the number of child and parentclasses involved. There are
four types of inheritance in Python:
Single Inheritance:
Single inheritance enables a derived class to inherit properties from a single parent class, thus
enabling code reusability and the addition of new features to existing code.
Example:
class Parent:
def func1(self):
print("This function is in parent class.") class Child(Parent):
def func2(self):
Example:
print(self.fathername)
class Son(Mother, Father):def
parents(self):
print("Father :", self.fathername) print("Mother :",
self.mothername)
s1 = Son() s1.fathername =
"RAM" s1.mothername = "SITA"
s1.parents()
Output:
Father : RAM
Mother : SITA
Multilevel Inheritance :
In multilevel inheritance, features of the base class and the derived class are further inherited into
the new derived class. This is similar toa relationship representing a child and a grandfather.
Example:
# Base class
class Grandfather:
Lal mani
Hierarchical Inheritance:
When more than one derived class are created from a single base this type of inheritance is called
hierarchical inheritance. In this program, we have a parent (base) class and two child (derived)
classes.
Example:
class Parent:
def func1(self):
Hybrid Inheritance:
Example:
class School:
def func1(self):
def func2(self):
def func3(self):
WEEK–8 (From - to - )
5. ENCAPSULATION
Encapsulation is one of the most fundamental concepts in object- oriented programming (OOP). This
is the concept of wrapping data and methods that work with data in one unit. This prevents data
modification accidentally by limiting access to variables and methods. An object's method can
change a variable's value to prevent accidental changes. These variables are called private variables.
Encapsulation is demonstrated by a class which encapsulates all data, such as member functions,
variables, and so forth.
Take a look at a real-world example of encapsulation. There are many sections in a company, such as
the accounts and finance sections. The finance section manages all financial transactions and keeps
track of all data. The sales section also handles all sales-related activities. They keep records of all
sales. Sometimes, a finance official may need all sales data for a specific month. In this instance, he
is not permitted to access the data from the sales section. First, he will need to contact another officer
from the sales section to request the data. This is encapsulation. The data for the sales section, as well
as the employees who can manipulate it, are all wrapped together under the single name "sales
section". Encapsulation is another way to hide data. This example shows that the data for sections
such as sales, finance, and accounts arehidden from all other sections.
Protected Members
Protected members in C++ and Java are members of a class that can only be accessed within the
class but cannot be accessed by anyone outside it. This can be done in Python by following the
convention and prefixing the name with a single underscore.The protected variable can be accessed
from the class and in the derived classes (it can also be modified in the derived classes), but it is
customary to not access it out of the class body.
The init method, which is a constructor, runs when an object of a type is instantiated.
Example:
class Base1:
print ("We will call the protected member of base class: ", self._p)self._p = 433
print ("we will call the modified protected member outside theclass: ",self._p)
obj_1 = Derived1()obj_2
= Base1()
print ("Access the protected member of obj_1: ", obj_1._p)print ("Access the
protected member of obj_2: ", obj_2._p)
Output:
We will call the protected member of base class: 78
we will call the modified protected member outside the class: 433Access the
protected member of obj_1: 433
Access the protected member of obj_2: 78
Private Members
Private members are the same as protected members. The difference isthat class members who have
been declared private should not be accessed by anyone outside the class or any base classes. Python
does not have Private instance variable variables that can be accessed outside of a class.
However, to define a private member, prefix the member's name with a double underscore " ".
Python's private and secured members can be accessed from outsidethe class using Python name
mangling.
Example:
class Base1:
6. ABSTARCTION
Data abstraction and encapsulation both are often used as synonyms. Both are nearly synonyms
because data abstraction is achieved throughencapsulation.
Abstraction is used to hide internal details and show only functionalities. Abstracting something
means to give names to things so that the name captures the core of what a function or a whole
program does.
In Python, abstraction can be achieved by using abstract classes and interfaces.A class that consists of
one or more abstract method is calledthe abstract class. Abstract methods do not contain their
implementation. Abstract class can be inherited by the subclass and abstract method gets its
definition in the subclass. Abstraction classes are meant to be the blueprint of the other class. An
abstract class can beuseful when we are designing large functions. An abstract class is also helpful to
provide the standard interface for different implementations of components. Python provides the abc
module to use the abstraction in the Python program. Let's see the following syntax.
Syntax:
An abstract base class is the common application program of the interface for a set of subclasses. It
can be used by the third-party, whichwill provide the implementations such as with plugins. It is also
beneficial when we work with the large code-base hard to remember all the classes.
Unlike the other high-level language, Python doesn't provide the abstract class itself. We need to
import the abc module, which providesthe base for defining Abstract Base classes (ABC). The ABC
works by decorating methods of the base class as abstract. It registers concrete classes as the
implementation of the abstract base. We use the @abstractmethod decorator to define an abstract
method or if we don't provide the definition to the method, it automatically becomes the abstract
method. Let's understand the following example.
Example -
r = Renault()
r.mileage()
s = Suzuki()
s.mileage() d =
Duster()
d.mileage()
Output:
The mileageis 30kmph The
mileage is 27kmph The mileage
is 25kmph The mileage is
24kmph
7. POLYMORPSHISM
Polymorphism contains two words "poly" and "morphs". Poly means many, and morph means shape.
By polymorphism, we understand that one task can be performed in different ways. For example -
you have a class animal, and all animals speak. But they speak differently. Here, the"speak" behavior
is polymorphic in a sense and depends on the animal. So, the abstract "animal" concept does not
actually "speak", but specific animals (like dogs and cats) have a concrete implementation of the
action "speak".
Output:
29
597
ACTIVITY LOGBOOK FOR NINENTH WEEK
DAY PERSON
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE LEARNING OUTCOMES INCHARGE
&
DAILYACTIVITY SIGNATURE
DATE
WEEK–9 (From - to - )
DATA ANALYSIS:
Data Analysis is the process of systematically applying statistical and/or logical techniques to
describe and illustrate, condense and recap, and evaluate data.The purpose of Data Analysis is to
extract useful information from data and taking the decision based upon the data analysis. A simple
example of Data analysis is whenever we take any decision in our day-to-day life is by thinking about
what happened last time or what will happen by choosing that particular decision.In data analytics
and data science, there are four main types of data analysis: Data Analysis is a process of inspecting,
cleansing, transforming, and modeling data with the goal of discovering useful information,
suggesting conclusions, and supporting decision-making. Data analytics allow us to make informed
decisions and to stop guessing. Starting with a clear objective is an essential step in the data analysis
process. By recognizing the business problem that you want to solve and setting well-defined goals,
it'll be way easier to decide on the data you need.
Here is a list of reasons why data analysis is crucial to doing business today.
*Better Customer Targeting: You don’t want to waste your business’s precious time, resources, and
money putting together advertising campaigns targeted at demographic groups that have little to no
interest in the goods and services you offer. Data analysis helps you see where you should be
focusing your advertising efforts.
*You Will Know Your Target Customers Better: Data analysis tracks how well your products and
campaigns are performing within your
target demographic. Through data analysis, your business can get a better idea of your target
audience’s spending habits, disposable income, and most likely areas of interest. This data helps
businesses set prices, determine the length of ad campaigns, and even help project the number of
goods needed.
*Reduce Operational Costs: Data analysis shows you which areas in your business need more
resources and money, and which areas are not producing and thus should be scaled back or
eliminated outright.
*Better Problem-Solving Methods: Informed decisions are more likely to be successful decisions.
Data provides businesses with information. You can see where this progression is leading. Data
analysis helps businesses make the right choices and avoid costly pitfalls.
*You Get More Accurate Data: If you want to make informed decisions, you need data, but there’s
more to it. The data in question must be accurate. Data analysis helps businesses acquire relevant,
accurate information, suitable for developing future marketing strategies, business plans, and
realigning the company’s vision or mission.
Answering the question “what is data analysis” is only the first step. Now we will look at how it’s
performed. The process of data analysis, or alternately, data analysis steps, involves gathering all the
information, processing it, exploring the data, and using it to find patterns and other insights. The
process of data analysis consists of:
*Data Requirement Gathering: Ask yourself why you’re doing this analysis, what type of data you
want to use, and what data you plan to analyze.
*Data Collection: Guided by your identified requirements, it’s time to collect the data from your
sources. Sources include case studies,
surveys, interviews, questionnaires, direct observation, and focus groups. Make sure to organize the
collected data for analysis.
*Data Cleaning: Not all of the data you collect will be useful, so it’s time to clean it up. This process
is where you remove white spaces, duplicate records, and basic errors. Data cleaning is mandatory
before sending the information on for analysis.
*Data Analysis: Here is where you use data analysis software and other tools to help you interpret
and understand the data and arrive at conclusions. Data analysis tools include Excel, Python, R,
Looker, Rapid Miner, Chartio, Metabase, Redash, and Microsoft Power BI.
*Data Interpretation: Now that you have your results, you need to interpret them and come up with
the best courses of action based on your findings.
*Data Visualization: Data visualization is a fancy way of saying, “graphically show your
information in a way that people can read and understand it.” You can use charts, graphs, maps,
bullet points, or a host of other methods. Visualization helps you derive valuable insights by helping
you compare datasets and observe relationships.
ACTIVITY LOGBOOK FOR TENTH WEEK
DAY PERSON
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE LEARNING OUTCOMES INCHARGE
&
DAILYACTIVITY SIGNATURE
DATE
WEEK–10 (From - to - )
ANACONDA NAVIGATOR
JUPITER NOTEBOOKS
NUMPY IN PYTHON:
NumPy is a Python library used for working with arrays.It also has functions for working in domain of linear
algebra, fourier transform, and matrices. NumPy was created in 2005 by Travis Oliphant. It is an open source
project and you can use it freely.NumPy stands for Numerical Python. In Python we have lists that serve the
purpose of arrays, but they are slow to process. NumPy aims to provide an array object that is up to 50x faster
than traditional Python lists.The array object in NumPy is called ndarray, it provides a lot of supporting
functions that make working with ndarray very easy.Arrays are very frequently used in data science, where
speed and resources are very important.NumPy arrays are stored at one continuous place in memory unlike
lists, so processes can access and manipulate them very efficiently.This behavior is called locality of reference
in computer science.This is the main reason why NumPy is faster than lists. Also it is optimized to work with
latest CPU architectures.
Arrays in Numpy
Array in Numpy is a table of elements (usually numbers), all of the same type, indexed by a tuple of positive
integers. In Numpy, number of dimensions of the array is called rank of the array.A tuple of integers giving the
size of the array along each dimension is known as shape of the array. An array class in Numpy is called as
ndarray. Elements in Numpy arrays are accessed by using square brackets and can be initialized by using
nested Python Lists.
[4, 5, 6]])
Output:
Array with Rank 1:
[1 2 3]
Array with Rank 2:
[[1 2 3]
[4 5 6]]
Array created using passed tuple:[1 3 2]
PANDAS IN PYTHON:
Pandas is an open-source, BSD-licensed Python library providing high- performance, easy-to-use data
structures and data analysis tools for the Python programming language. Python with Pandas is used in a wide
range of fields including academic and commercial domains including finance, economics, Statistics,
analytics, etc.
Pandas is an open-source Python Library providing high-performance data manipulation and analysis tool
using its powerful data structures. The name Pandas is derived from the word Panel Data – an Econometrics
from Multidimensional data.
In 2008, developer Wes McKinney started developing pandas when in need of high performance, flexible tool
for analysis of data.
Prior to Pandas, Python was majorly used for data munging and preparation. It had very little contribution
towards data analysis. Pandas solved this problem. Using Pandas, we can accomplish five typical steps in the
processing and analysis of data, regardless of the origin of data — load, prepare, manipulate, model, and
analyze.
Python with Pandas is used in a wide range of fields including academic and commercial domains including
finance, economics, Statistics, analytics, etc.
*Fast and efficient Data Frame object with default and customizedindexing.
*Tools for loading data into in-memory data objects from different fileformats.
Series is a one-dimensional labeled array capable of holding data of any type (integer, string, float, python
objects, etc.). The axis labels are collectively called index.
pandas.Series
A pandas Series can be created using the following constructor −pandas.Series( data, index, dtype,
copy)
ACTIVITY LOGBOOK FOR ELEVENTH WEEK
DAY PERSON
& BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF LEARNING OUTCOMES INCHARGE
DATE THE DAILY ACTIVITY SIGNATURE
WEEK–11 (From - to - )
Matplotlib is one of the most popular Python packages used for data visualization. It is a cross-
platform library for making 2D plots from data in arrays. It provides an object-oriented API that
helps in embedding plots in applications using Python GUI toolkits such as PyQt,
WxPythonotTkinter. It can be used in Python and IPython shells, Jupyter notebook and web
application servers also.
Matplotlib is one of the most popular Python packages used for data visualization. It is a cross-
platform library for making 2D plots from data in arrays. Matplotlib is written in Python and makes
use of NumPy, the numerical mathematics extension of Python. It provides an object- oriented API
that helps in embedding plots in applications using Python GUI toolkits such as PyQt,
WxPythonotTkinter. It can be used in Python and IPython shells, Jupyter notebook and web
application servers also.
Matplotlib has a procedural interface named the Pylab, which is designed to resemble MATLAB, a
proprietary programming language developed by MathWorks. Matplotlib along with NumPy can be
considered as the open source equivalent of MATLAB.
Matplotlib is a library in Python and it is numerical – mathematical extension for NumPy library.
Pyplot is a state-based interface to a Matplotlib module which provides a MATLAB-like interface.
There are various plots which can be used in Pyplot are Line Plot, Contour, Histogram, Scatter, 3D Plot,
etc.
matplotlib.pyplot.plot() Function
The plot() function in pyplot module of matplotlib library is used to make a 2D hexagonal binning
plot of points x, y.
Syntax: matplotlib.pyplot.plot
x, y: These parameter are the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the data points. x values
are optional.
fmt: This parameter is an optional parameter and it contains thestring value.
data: This parameter is an optional parameter and it is an objectwith labelled data.
Returns: This returns the following:
· lines : This returns the list of Line2D objects representing the plotteddata.
Example 1:
Seaborn is an amazing visualization library for statistical graphics plotting in Python. It provides
beautiful default styles and color palettesto make statistical plots more attractive. It is built on the top
of matplotlib library and also closely integrated to the data structures from pandas.
Seaborn aims to make visualization the central part of exploring and understanding data. It provides
dataset-oriented APIs, so that we can switch between different visual representations for same variables
forbetter understanding of dataset.
Plots are basically used for visualizing the relationship between variables. Those variables can be
either be completely numerical or a category like a group, class or division. Seaborn divides plot
into the below categories –
Relational plots: This plot is used to understand the relationbetween two variables.
Categorical plots: This plot deals with categorical variables and how they can be
visualized.
Distribution plots: This plot is used for examining univariate andbivariate distributions
Regression plots: The regression plots in seaborn are primarily intended to add a visual
guide that helps to emphasize patterns ina dataset during exploratory data analyses.
Matrix plots: A matrix plot is an array of scatterplots.
Multi-plot grids: It is an useful approach is to draw multiple instances of the same
plot on different subsets of the dataset.
Dependencies
Python 3.6+
numpy (>= 1.13.3)
scipy (>= 1.0.1)
pandas (>= 0.22.0)
matplotlib (>= 2.1.2)
statsmodel (>= 0.8.0)
Some basic plots using seaborn
Dist plot : Seaborn dist plot is used to plot a histogram, with some other variations
like kdeplot and rugplot.
Output:
Line plot : The line plot is one of the most basic plot in sea born library. This plot is mainly used to
visualize the data in form of some time series, i.e. in continuous manner.
ACTIVITY LOGBOOK FOR TWELVETH WEEK
DAY PERSON
& BRIEF DESCRIPTION OFTHE LEARNING OUTCOMES INCHARGE
DATE DAILY ACTIVITY SIGNATURE
learning about the jupiter Jupiter note boks are used for the data
DAY notebooks and how to do the analysis
-1 analysis using the jupiter
notebooks Jupiter note books
are used for the data analysis
preparing the excel sheet for The excel contains nearly 15attributes
DAY the data analysis related to the related to the cricket players
-2 cricket
reading the excel sheet using Logic used is: Import numpy as np Import
DAY the numpy and pandas libraries pandas as pd Pd.read_data().
-3 by importing them in the
program
ploting the scattered garph and Logic used is: Import matplotlib.pyplot
DAY bar graph using the matplotlib as plt Import seaborn as sns
-5 libraries which are imported in Plt.scattered(data) Plt.bar(data) .
the program at the begining
At last the data got analysed At the end got conclused onlya single
DAY and come to a conclusion team
-6
WEEKLYREPORT
WEEK–12 (From - to - )
The Jupyter Notebook is an interactive computing environment that enables users to author notebook
documents that include: - Live code - Interactive widgets - Plots - Narrative text - Equations - Images - Video
These documents provide a complete and self-contained record of a computation that can be converted to
various formats and shared with others using email.
We will use the Python programming language for all assignments in this course. Python is a great general-
purpose programming language on its own, but with the help of a few popular libraries (numpy, scipy,
matplotlib) it becomes a powerful environment for scientific computing.
We expect that many of you will have some experience with Python and numpy; for the rest of you, this section
will serve as a quick crash course on both the Python programming language and its use for scientific
computing. We’ll also introduce notebooks, which are a very convenient way of tinkering with Python code.
Some of you may have previous knowledge in a different language, in which case we also recommend
referencing:
Matplotlib is a cross-platform, data visualization and graphical plotting library for Python and its numerical
extension NumPy. As such, it offers a viable open source alternative to MATLAB. Developers can also use
matplotlib's APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) to embed plots in GUI applications.
A particular NumPy feature of interest is solving a system of linear equations. NumPy has a function to solve linear
equations. For example,
2x + 6y = 6
Page No
5x + 3y = -9
>>> solution
array([-3., 2.])
Importing PyPlot
- In order to use pyplot methods on your computers, we need to import it by issuing one of the
following commands:
- With the first command above, you will need to issue every pyplot command as per following
syntax:
matplotlib.pyplot.<command>
- But with the second command above, you have provided pl as the shorthand for
matplotlib.pyplot and thus now you can invoke PyPlot’s methods as this:
pl.plot(X , Y)
Creating Scatter Chart
- It is a graph of plotted points on two axes that show the relationship between two sets of data.
- The scatter charts can be created through two functions of pyplot library:
1. plot( ) function
2. scatter( ) function
Page No
Scatter charts using plot( ) function
-If you specify the linecolor and markerstyle (e.g. “r+” or “bo” etc.) without the linestyle
argument, then the plot created resembles a scatter chart as only the datapoints are plotted now.
ACTIVITY LOGBOOK FOR THIRTEENTH WEEK
DAY-1=INTRODUCTION OF THE PROJECT
A PROJECT SUBMITTED BY
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
2. INTRODUCTION
3. OBJECTIVES
4. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
5. DATA ANALYSIS
6. DATA ANALYSIS PROCESS
7. PYTHON DEVELOPMENT
WEB DEVELOPMENT
APP DEVELOPMENT
LIBRARIES FOR APP & WEB DEVELOPMENT
6.FUNCTIONS
FUNCTIONS IN PYTHON
FUNCTION SYNTAX WITH PROGRAM
7.CONTROL STATEMENTS
IF STATEMENT
IF ELSE STATEMENT
IF ELSEIF ELSE STATTEMENT
8.LOOPING STATEMENTS
FOR LOOP
WHILE LOOP
DOWHILE LOOP
9.EXECUTION
CODE
OUTPUT
10.CONCLUSION
11.REFERENCE
ABSTRACT
A cohort analysis Python program typically involves loading user data, grouping users into cohorts, and
analyzing their behavior over time. The program may use various statistical methods, such as survival
analysis, to estimate retention rates and customer lifetime value.
The program may also include visualizations to help users understand the results, such as cohort
retention curves, which show the percentage of users retained over time for each cohort. Additionally,
the program may provide options for segmenting the data by various characteristics, such as user
demographics or subscription plan.
INTRODUTION
Cohort analysis is a powerful tool for understanding user behavior over time, especially in the context of
subscription-based businesses. A cohort is a group of users who share a common characteristic, such as
their sign-up date or their geographical location. Cohort analysis involves analyzing the behavior of
different cohorts over time to identify trends and patterns.
A cohort represents a group of a population or an area of study which shares something in common
within a specified period. Cohorts analysis make it easy to analyze the user behavior and trends without
having to look at the behavior of each user individually.
The Cohort analysis is important for the growth of a business because of the specificity of the
information it provides. The most valuable feature of cohort analysis is that it helps companies answer
some of the targeted questions by examining the relevant data.
Data Analytics
Data Analytics is the process of collecting, cleaning, sorting, and processing raw data to extract relevant
and valuable information to help businesses. Data analysis is a process of
inspecting, cleansing, transforming, and modeling data with the goal of discovering useful information,
informing conclusions, and supporting decision-making. Data analysis has multiple facets and
approaches, encompassing diverse techniques under a variety of names, and is used in different
business, science, and social science domains. In today's business world, data analysis plays a role in
making decisions more scientific and helping businesses operate more effectively.
OBJECTIVES
Loading and preprocessing user data: The program should be able to load data from various
sources, such as CSV files or databases, and preprocess the data to ensure consistency and
accuracy.
Grouping users into cohorts: The program should be able to group users based on various
characteristics, such as their sign-up date, location, or subscription plan.
Analyzing user behavior over time: The program should be able to analyze user behavior
over time, such as retention rates, average revenue per user, and customer lifetime value.
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
PYTHON DEVELOPMENT
WEB DEVELOPMENT
Python is a popular programming language that is widely used in the development of web
applications. It is easy to learn, has a large and active community, and is supported by a wealth of
libraries and frameworks. One area where Python shines is web development.
Python offers many frameworks from which to choose from including bottle.py, Flask, CherryPy,
Pyramid, Django and web2py. These frameworks have been used to power some of the world's most
popularsites such as Spotify, Mozilla, Reddit, the Washington Post and Yelp.
Python allows developers to create websites according to several different programming
paradigms. For instance, it is suitable for both object-oriented programming (OOP) and functional
programming (FP). You can learn about the differences between the two in our guide to FP vs OOP.
It also boasts dynamic typing capabilities. In layman’s terms, this just means that Python scripts
don’t require compiling (or translating) before execution. Instead, they’re executed at runtime. This is
useful for web development, since it requires less coding and makes debugging easier .
If you ever wanted evidence of a company that kept pace with digital change, Netflix is the one! While
Netflix used to rent DVDs by post, they quickly jumped on the digital bandwagon and expanded to
become one of the most popular streaming services in the world. From a web development standpoint,
Python is at the core of their success.
Developers at Netflix explain that they use Python throughout “the full content lifecycle.” In short,
this means that Python sits at the base of many Netflix applications from their security tools and
recommendation engine, to their in-house content distribution (which delivers streaming content to
its end users). Now you know!
The go-to forum for everything from news to bleeding-edge social commentary, Reddit has
long been a staple of the world’s internet diet. But did you know that its server-side is coded in
Python? You don’t see it, but whenever you send a request via your browser to Reddit, the web
server (Reddit) uses Python to translate your request. It then sends back the necessary HTML, which
is what you see in your browser.
In this case, you can think of Python as the middle man between yourserver request and what pops up on
your screen. Who knew?
Because of Amazon, we can get pretty much anything delivered to our doorsteps at the click of a
button, and all without needing to spare athought for how it arrives there. Thanks, Jeff Bezos! But did
you know that Amazon uses Python, too?
In particular, Amazon engineers have produced Python machine learning algorithms that interact
with the company’s Hadoop data storage system. This mighty analytics stack powers Amazon’s
famed recommendation engine that encourages us to purchase new products. Analyzing user search
and purchase habits, Python helps Amazon recommend even more stuff for us to buy! Cool, huh?
Google, the search engine so ubiquitous it spawned its own verb (Google it, if you don’t know what
we mean). Early on, Google’s engineering team famously decided: “Python when we can, C++ when
we must.” And hey, it seemed to work out for them. Today, Python is an “official language” at
Google and has many continued applications
across the organization, from system building and administration tocode evaluation.
Of course, as the need for data analytics becomes increasingly important in big tech, Python is also
used in many of Google’s cutting-edge machine learning and AI projects.
The world’s most famous social networking site, Facebook (now hurriedly renamed Meta) has
kept us connected to our friends (and stalking exes) since 2004. Unless you live under a rock, you’ll
know the site has its finger in many pies, from dating to live-streaming. As a result, it relies on many
different languages for its products and services. However, Python plays no small part, accounting for
at least , mostly in the area of production engineering. Oh, and remember that Tornado web
framework we mentioned (used by Quora and Uber)? Yep, Facebook developed it.
There are three types of web development roles: developers who specialize in the user
interface (“front-end”), those who write the underlying code for running all website operations
(“back-end”), and those who manage all aspects of a website (“full stack”).
Python is used by Intel, IBM, NASA, Pixar, Netflix, Facebook, JP Morgan Chase,
Spotify, and a number of other massive companies. It's one of the four main languages at Google,
while Google's YouTube is largely written in Python. Same with Reddit, Pinterest, and Instagram.
APP DEVELOPMENT
Python is a standard programming language, and currently, it is the topprogramming language in the
world according to the TIOBE. Consequently, python app development has emerged as the most
lucrative field for developers. It is an open-source language that empowers developers to write code
for a wide range of tasks. It has a relatively easier syntax to learn and understand and developers can
learn to write code very quickly. Due to this reason, it is often the most recommended programming
language to learn for beginner developers.
Moreover, it is also compatible with big data and can be integrated withother programming languages.
What makes Python so great is its comfort of use and readability and less development time. This is
what makes it ideal in the mobile market,where time to market is critical to gaining and maintaining a
share. Fundamentally, iOS and Android do not support interpreter-type languages. It means you can’t
run the Python app natively. This is why it was not common to create mobile apps for Python earlier.
However, things are different now with the emergence of several frameworks.
There are a variety of Python GUI frameworks to bridge the gap between making the Python app
work natively on mobile devices.
What makes Python so great is its comfort of use and readability and less development time. This is
what makes it ideal in the mobile market,where time to market is critical to gaining and maintaining a
share. Fundamentally, iOS and Android do not support interpreter- type languages. It means you
can’t run the Python app natively. This is why it was not common to create mobile apps for Python
earlier.
However, things are different now with the emergence of several frameworks. There are a variety
of Python GUI frameworks to bridge the gap between making the Python app work natively on
mobile devices.
Audio-video apps
Python’s app development helps you create music and other types ofaudio and video apps. You can
use Python to explore audio and video content on the Internet. The Python libraries, such as
OpenCV and PyDub, help you make your app development successful.
Battlefield 2″ and “EVE Online” and many other games are developed using Python. Battlefield 2 uses
Python for all features and add-ons.
Also, “World of Tanks” uses Python for various functions.
Developers can create quick game prototypes and test them in real- time using Python and
Pygame. You can also use Python to develop game design tools that support the development
process, such as creating level designs and dialog trees.
Blockchain Application
It is one of the most widely used technology trends, genuinely dominates the market. Itis very
difficult for developers, but Python makes it easy. Python is an easy-to-understand language and
makes building blockchain applications seamless. Developers can use HTTP requests to interact
with the blockchain on the Internet.In addition, the developer will use a Python framework such as
Flask to create endpoints for various features of the blockchain. Developers can also run scripts on
multiple machines and develop distributed networks with the help of Python.
Command-line apps
The command-line app and the console app are the same. It is a computer program used from a
command line or shell and does not have a graphical user interface. Python is ideal for such command-
line apps because it has a Real-Eval-Print-Loop (REPL) feature. As Python is a world-renowned
language, top app development brands have access to many free Python libraries to create command-
line apps.
Machine learning apps
Another technology trend in the past decade, machine learning development, is an algorithmic
technology that provides data tooperating systems and enables intelligent decision-making.
Developing a machine learning app was previously a daunting task, but it has become more
accessible thanks to Python. Python provides free libraries for machine learning, such as Pandas and
Scikit. It can be usedunder the GNU license.
Business apps
Python has practical agility and the ability to develop various types of apps. That’s why Python also
helps with e-commerce app developmentsolutions and ERP.
For example, written in Python, Odoo offers a wide range of business applications and makes a suite of
business management apps.
Functions in Python:
A function is defined as a relation between a set of inputs having oneoutput each. In simple words, a
function is a relationship between inputs where each input is related to exactly one output.
This function doesn't have any arguments and doesn't return any values. We will learn about
arguments and return statements later inthis tutorial.
Here's how we can call the greet() function in Python.# call the function
greet()
Example: Python Function def
greet():
print('Hello World!')
# call the functiongreet()
print('Outside function')Output:
Hello World! Outside
function
a. IF STATEMENT IN PYTHON:
if statement is the most simple decision-making statement. It is used to decide whether a certain
statement or block of statements will be executed or not i.e if a certain condition is true then a block
of statement is executed otherwise not.
Syntax:
if condition:
# Statements to execute if #
condition is true
Here, the condition after evaluation will be either true or false. if the statement accepts boolean
values – if the value is true then it will execute the block of statements below it otherwise not.
We can
use condition with bracket ‘(‘ ‘)’ also.
As we know, python uses indentation to identify a block. So the block under an if statement will be
identified as shown in the below example:
if condition:
statement
Syntax:
if (condition):
statement2
Syntax:
if (condition):
c. NESTED IF:
A nested if is an if statement that is the target of another if statement. Nested if statements mean an
if statement inside another if statement. Yes, Python allows us to nest if statements within if
statements. i.e, wecan place an if statement inside another if statement.
Syntax:
if (condition1):
A nested if is an if statement that is the target of another if statement. Nested if statements mean an if
statement inside another if statement. Yes, Python allows us to nest if statements within if statements.
i.e, wecan place an if statement inside another if statement.
Syntax:
if (condition1):
The syntax for python while loop is more straightforward than its sister "for" loop. The while loop
contains only condition construct and the piece of indented code, which will run repeatedly.
while(condition):
//Code Block
The conditions can be as simple as (i < 5) or a combination of them withthe boolean operators' help in
python. We shall see them steadily into the post.
This statement tells us that we do not need to check the condition whileentering the code block. Does
that ring any bells? Yes!!, we need a "while true" statement since it is always true. So we start with
the following statement:
While (True):
Statement 2: After that, check the condition to decide if another iterationwould run or not.
Since we need to check the condition after the code block has executed once, we can put a
simple if statement with a break as follows:
while(True):
//Code
Blocks
if(conditio
n):
break
The above code works exactly similar to the following do-while loop:do {
//code block
} while(condition);
Syntax :
{ code block }
In this case, the variable value is used to hold the value of every item present in the sequence
before the iteration begins until this particular iteration is completed.
Loop iterates until the final item of the sequence are reached.
Page No
EXECUTION
CODE
# import library
2
importnumpyasnp# linear algebra
3
importpandasaspd# data processing, CSV file I/O (e.g. pd.read_csv)
4
importdatetimeasdt
6
#For Data Visualization
7
importmatplotlib.pyplotasplt
8
importseabornassns
10
#For Machine Learning Algorithm
11
fromsklearn.preprocessingimportStandardScaler
12
fromsklearn.clusterimportKMeans
14
df = pd.read_excel('Online Retail.xlsx')
15
df.head()
Data columns (total 8 columns):
df.info()
InvoiceNo 541909 non-null object
StockCode 541909 non-null object
Description 540455 non-null object
Quantity 541909 non-null int64
InvoiceDate 541909 non-null datetime64[ns]
UnitPrice 541909 non-null float64
CustomerID 406829 non-null float64
Country 541909 non-null object
dtypes: datetime64[ns](1), float64(2), int64(1), object(4)
memory usage: 33.1+ MB
So there is some missing data in the Description and Customer ID columns, let’s check that:
1
df.isnull().sum()
InvoiceNo 0
StockCode 0
Description 1454
Quantity 0
InvoiceDate 0
UnitPrice 0
CustomerID 135080
Country 0
dtype: int64
Page No
1
df= df.dropna(subset=['CustomerID'])
Now let’s check and clean the duplicate data:
1
df.duplicated().sum()
5225
1
df = df.drop_duplicates()
2
df.describe()
Quantity UnitPrice CustomerID
Page No
invoice_year,invoice_month,_ =get_month_int(df,'InvoiceMonth')
cohort_year,cohort_month,_ =get_month_int(df,'CohortMonth')
Customer retention is a very useful metric to understand how many of all customers are still
active. Loyalty gives you the percentage of active customers compared to the total number of
customers.
#Average quantity for each cohort
grouping =df.groupby(['CohortMonth', 'CohortIndex'])
Page No
cohort_data = grouping['Quantity'].mean()
cohort_data = cohort_data.reset_index()
average_quantity = cohort_data.pivot(index='CohortMonth',columns='CohortIndex',values='Quantity')
average_quantity.round(1)
average_quantity.index= average_quantity.index.date
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, a cohort analysis Python program is a valuable tool for businesses that want to
gain insights into user behaviour over time. The program can help identify trends and patterns,
estimate retention rates, and calculate customer lifetime value. By grouping users into cohorts
based on various characteristics, businesses can gain a deeper understanding of how different
groups of users behave over time and what factors contribute to their retention.
A successful cohort analysis Python program should be able to load and pre-process user data,
group users into cohorts, analyze user behaviour over time, provide visualizations to help users
understand the results, segment the data by various characteristics, provide statistical analysis
methods, and provide insights into user behaviour. By enabling businesses to make data-driven
decisions about marketing, product development, and customer retention, the program can help
drive growth and increase revenue..
REFERENCE
1. "Python for Data Analysis" by Wes McKinney: This book is a comprehensive guide to
data analysis with Python and includes a section on cohort analysis.
2. "Data Wrangling with Pandas" by Kevin Markham: This video course covers various data
Page No
manipulation and analysis techniques using Pandas, including cohort analysis.
3. Pandas documentation: Pandas is a popular Python library for data manipulation and
analysis, and its documentation provides useful information on how to use it for cohort
analysis.
4. Seaborn documentation: Seaborn is a Python data visualization library that can be used
for creating visualizations of cohort analysis results.
Page No
CHAPTER 5: OUTCOMES DESCRIPTION
Describe the work environment you have experienced (in terms of people interactions,
facilities available and maintenance, clarity of job roles, protocols, procedures, processes,
discipline, time management, harmonious relationships, socialization, mutual support and
teamwork, motivation, space and ventilation, etc.)
I did my long term internship in Pasteur education and research training laboratory, rajgopal
nagar, Guntur. The CEO Sir, Director Mam and Faculty present over there are very Talented,
friendly and cooperative with us. We felt very comfortable without any inconvenience. The
facilities provided by the organization were very good. The CEO helps us to know the job roles
after the degree, which feels us very relaxed that we are having multiple opportunities to hire the
jobs very easily. During this long term internship we learnt multiple protocols which help us to
improve our practical skills i.e, hands on experience we learnt to operate the multiple industrial
equipments very easily due to that we are very thank full to the management and faculty who
helped us. The rules of the organization were very perfect, it helps us to build our discipline and
time management, etc. During this internship programme we splitted into multiple teams our
team members also supports us a lot. We felt very happy for doing our long term internship in
this worth full organization.
Page No
Describe the real time technical skills you have acquired (in terms of the job-
related skills and hands on experience)
Adaptability:-
Initiative is all about taking charge. An initiative is the first in a series of actions. Initiative can
also mean a personal quality that shows a willingness to get things done and take
responsibility.
Time Management:-
Time management is the coordination of tasks and activities to maximize the effectiveness of
an individual's efforts. Essentially, the purpose of time management is to enable people to get
more and better work done in less time.
Content Writer-
Content writing skills play major role because many companies and start-ups need writers for
publishing quality articles about their products and skills.
Page No
Describe the managerial skills you have acquired (in terms of planning, leadership,
team work, behaviour, workmanship, productive use of time, weekly improvement in
competencies, goal setting, decision making, performance analysis, etc.
Managerial skills are the knowledge and ability of the individuals in a managerial position to
fulfill some specific management activities or tasks. This knowledge and ability can be learned
and practiced.
During this long term internship I learnt new managerial skills for leading my team during the
project they are:-
Conceptual Skills:-
The manager must have an ability to know the entire concept, analyze and diagnose a problem,
and find creative solutions. This helps the manager to effectively predict hurdles their department
or the business as a whole may face.
Interpersonal Skills:-
The human or the interpersonal skills are the skills that present the managers’ ability to interact,
work or relate effectively with people. These skills enable the managers to make use of human
potential in the company and motivate the employees for better results.
Decision-making:-
Delegation:-
Delegation is another key management skill. Delegation is the act of passing on work-related
tasks and/or authorities to other employees or subordinates. It involves the process of allowing
your tasks or those of your employees to be reassigned or reallocated to other employees
depending on current workloads. A manager with good delegation skills is able to effectively and
efficiently reassign tasks and give authority to the right employees. When delegation is carried
out effectively, it helps facilitate efficient task completion.
Page No
Describe how you could improve your communication skills (in terms of improvement in
oral communication, written communication, conversational abilities, confidence levels while
communicating, anxiety management, understanding others, getting understood by others,
extempore speech, ability to articulate the key points, closing the conversation, maintaining
niceties and protocols, greeting, thanking and appreciating others, etc.,)
Communication skills involve listening, speaking, observing and empathizing. It is also helpful
to understand the differences in how to communicate through face-to-face interactions, phone
conversations and digital communications like email and social media.
Before this internship programme I am very nervous to talk in front of anyone, but this
internship helps me to become brave to present my views very easily without any hesitation. And
this internship also helps me to improve my writing skills, anxiety management, etc.
Different communication skills I acquired during this internship are:-
WRITTEN COMMUNICATION. Convey ideas and information through the use of written
language.
ORAL COMMUNICATION. Convey ideas and information through the use of spoken language.
NON-VERBAL AND VISUAL COMMUNICATION. ...
ACTIVE LISTENING. ...
CONTEXTUAL COMMUNICATION.
Page No
Describe how could you could enhance your abilities in group discussions, participation
in teams, contribution as a team member, leading a team/activity.
Teamwork brings people together to work towards a common goal. The importance of teamwork
and collaboration does not go unnoticed.
When people work together, they can feel more satisfied and part of something bigger.
Leaders: Leaders emerge in teams. They help to motivate team members and keep everyone
aligned on the path to success.
Communicate: When working together, you open up lines of communication. In this way, you
can share your ideas and express your concerns.
Benefit of Different Skill Sets: People can definitely work alone. But when you bring people
from diverse backgrounds together, you get the added value of mixed skill sets. This can create
better outcomes.
New and Creative Skills: Through communication, team members can come up with new and
creative ideas.
Page No
Describe the technological developments you have observed and relevant to the
subject area of training (focus on digital technologies relevant to your job role)
This internship program effectively combines on-the-job training with company sponsored
classroom education. Time will be spent on specific project assignments, with exposure to a
variety of technology and business experiences that will help you prepare for an IT position. This
internship is flexible and can be 12 to 24 weeks in length. As an intern, we work on a wide range
of projects while attending frequent educational seminars. We gain exposure to different
technology areas through varied project assignments for a three to six month period. Throughout
the program, we have the opportunity to meet with key IT and business executives and to attend
a series of workshops and seminars on business and professional development.
Page No
Student Self Evaluation of the Short-Term Internship
Date of Evaluation:
1 Oral communication 1 2 3 4 5
2 Written communication 1 2 3 4 5
3 Proactiveness 1 2 3 4 5
4 Interaction ability with community 1 2 3 4 5
5 Positive Attitude 1 2 3 4 5
6 Self-confidence 1 2 3 4 5
7 Ability to learn 1 2 3 4 5
8 Work Plan and organization 1 2 3 4 5
9 Professionalism 1 2 3 4 5
10 Creativity 1 2 3 4 5
11 Quality of work done 1 2 3 4 5
12 Time Management 1 2 3 4 5
13 Understanding the Community 1 2 3 4 5
14 Achievement of Desired Outcomes 1 2 3 4 5
15 OVERALL PERFORMANCE 1 2 3 4 5
Page No
Evaluation by the Supervisor of the Intern Organization
Date of Evaluation:
Please note that your evaluation shall be done independent of the Student’s self- evaluation
1 Oral communication 1 2 3 4 5
2 Written communication 1 2 3 4 5
3 Proactiveness 1 2 3 4 5
4 Interaction ability with community 1 2 3 4 5
5 Positive Attitude 1 2 3 4 5
6 Self-confidence 1 2 3 4 5
7 Ability to learn 1 2 3 4 5
8 Work Plan and organization 1 2 3 4 5
9 Professionalism 1 2 3 4 5
10 Creativity 1 2 3 4 5
11 Quality of work done 1 2 3 4 5
12 Time Management 1 2 3 4 5
13 Understanding the Community 1 2 3 4 5
14 Achievement of Desired Outcomes 1 2 3 4 5
15 OVERALL PERFORMANCE 1 2 3 4 5
Page No
PHOTOS & VIDEO LINKS
Page No
EVALUATION
Page No
Internal & External Evaluation for Semester Internship
Objectives:
Explore career alternatives prior to graduation.
To assess interests and abilities in the field of study.
To develop communication, interpersonal and other critical skills in the
future job.
To acquire additional skills required for the world of work.
To acquire employment contacts leading directly to a full-time job following
graduation from college.
Assessment Model:
There shall be both internal evaluation and external evaluation
The Faculty Guide assigned is in-charge of the learning activities of the
students and for the comprehensive and continuous assessment of the
students.
The assessment is to be conducted for 200 marks. Internal Evaluation for 50
marks and External Evaluation for 150 marks
The number of credits assigned is 12. Later the marks shall be converted into
grades and grade points to include finally in the SGPA and CGPA.
The weightings for Internal Evaluation shall be:
o Activity Log 10 marks
o Internship Evaluation 30 marks
o Oral Presentation 10 marks
The weightings for External Evaluation shall be:
o Internship Evaluation 100 marks
o Viva-Voce 50 marks
The External Evaluation shall be conducted by an Evaluation Committee
comprising of the Principal, Faculty Guide, Internal Expert and External
Expert nominated by the affiliating University. The Evaluation Committee
shall also consider the grading given by the Supervisor of the Intern
Organization.
Activity Log is the record of the day-to-day activities. The Activity Log is
assessed on an individual basis, thus allowing for individual members within
groups to be assessed this way. The assessment will take into consideration
Page No
The individual student’s involvement in the assigned work.
While evaluating the student’s Activity Log, the following shall be
considered -
a. The individual student’s effort and commitment.
b. The originality and quality of the work produced by the individual
student.
c. The student’s integration and co-operation with the work assigned.
d. The completeness of the Activity Log.
The Internship Evaluation shall include the following components and based
on Weekly Reports and Outcomes Description
a. Description of the Work Environment.
b. Real Time Technical Skills acquired.
c. Managerial Skills acquired.
d. Improvement of Communication Skills.
e. Team Dynamics
f. Technological Developments recorded.
Page No
Page No
MARKS STATEMENT
(To be used by the Examiners)
Page No
INTERNAL ASSESSMENT STATEMENT
Page No
EXTERNAL ASSESSMENT STATEMENT
Maximum Marks
Sl.No Evaluation Criterion
Marks Awarded
1. Internship Evaluation 80
For the grading giving by the Supervisor of
2. 20
the Intern Organization
3. Viva-Voce 50
TOTAL 150
GRAND TOTAL (EXT. 50 M + INT. 100M) 200
Page No