Test 3. This is the IELTS listening test.

You will hear a number of different

recordings and you will have to answer questions on what you hear. There will be
time for you to read the instructions and questions and you will have a chance to
check your work.

All the recordings will be played once only. The test is in four parts. At the end
of the test you will be given 10 minutes to transfer your answers to an answer
sheet. Now turn to part one. Part one.

You will hear a man talking to the coordinator of a photography club. First you
have some time to look at questions one to four. Felly, mae'n gweithio'n gweithio'n
gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n
gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n
gweithio'n gweithio.

Now listen carefully and answer questions one to four. Hello, wayside camera club,
breeder speaking. Oh hello, my name's Dan and I'd like to join your club. That's
great, Dan. We have an application form.

Would you like to complete it over the phone? Then you can ask any questions you
might have. Oh yes, thanks. OK, so what's your family name? It's Green, Dan Green.
So, can I take your email address? Yes, it's dan1068 at market.com Thanks, and what
about your home address?

Well, I'm about ten miles away from your club in Peacetown. I live in a house...
there. Okay. So what's the house number and street? It's 52 Marrowfield Street. Is
that M-A-R-O-W-F-I-E-L-D? That's right.

And that's Peacetown, you said. Uh-huh. So how did you hear about our club? Did you
look on the Internet? I usually do that, but this time, well, I was talking to a
relative the other day and he suggested it.

Oh! Is he a member too? He belongs to another club, but he'd heard good things
about yours. Okay. So what do you hope to get from joining? Well, one thing that
really interests me is the competitions that you have.

I enjoy entering those. Right. Anything else? Well, I also like to socialise with
other photographers. That's great. So what type of membership would you like? What
are the options? It's £30 a year for full membership, or £20 a year if you're an
associate.

I think I'll go for the full membership then. That's a good idea, because you can't
vote in meetings with an associate membership. Before you hear the rest of the
conversation, you have some time to look at questions 5 to 10.

Felly, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio, mae'n
gweithio, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio, mae'n
gweithio. Now listen and answer questions 5 to 10.

If I could just find out a bit more about you. Okay. So you said you wanted to
compete. Have you ever won any photography competitions? Not yet, but I have
entered three in the past. Oh, that's interesting.

So why don't you tell me something about those? Let's start with the first one.
Well, the theme was entitled Domestic Life. I see. So it had to be something
related to the home? Yeah. I chose to take a photo of a family sitting around the
dinner table having a meal.

And I didn't win, but I did get some feedback. Oh, what did the judges say? That it
was too big. busy as a picture. Aha! So it was the composition of the picture that
they criticised? That's right. And once they'd told me that, I could see my
mistake.

So what was the theme of their second competition? Well, my university was on the
coast, and that area gets a lot of beautiful sunsets. So that was the theme. Oh,
sunsets! That's a great theme. Yes, the instructions were to capture the clouds as
well.

It couldn't just be blue sky and a setting sun. Sure, because they give you all
those amazing pinks and purples. Yeah, and I thought I'd done that well, but the
feedback was that I should have waited a bit longer to get the shot.

I see. So the timing wasn't right. Yes, I took it too soon, basically. And then the
third competition I entered was called Animal Magic. Well, that's a difficult
subject. I know. I had to take hundreds of shots.

I'm sure, because animals move all the time. That's what we had to show. There had
to be some movement in the scene. I got a great shot of a fox in the end, but I
took it at night, and... Well, I suspected that it was a bit dark, which is what I
was told.

Well, Dan, you seem to be really keen. And we'd be delighted to have you in our
club. I'm sure we can help with all those areas that you've outlined. Thanks.
That's great. That is the end of Part One.

You now have one minute to check your answers to Part One. Part 2. You will hear an
expert on picking wild mushrooms called Dan talking on the radio. First, you will
hear an expert on picking wild mushrooms called Dan talking on the radio.

have some time to look at questions 11 to 14. Felly, mae'n gweithio'n gweithio'n
gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n
gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n
gweithio'n gweithio.

Now listen carefully and answer questions 11-14. This evening we're delighted to
welcome Dan Beagle, who's just written a book on looking for and finding food in
the wild. He's going to tell us everything we need to know about picking wild
mushrooms.

Thank you very much. Well, I need to start by talking about safety. You really need
to know what you're doing because some mushrooms are extremely poisonous. Having
said that, once you know what to look for, it's really worth doing for the amazing
variety of mushrooms available, which you can't get in the shops.

But of course, you have to be very careful. And that's why I always say you should
never consume mushrooms picked by friends or neighbors. Always remember that some
poisonous mushrooms look very similar to edible ones and it's easy for people to
get confused.

The other thing to avoid is mushrooms growing beside busy roads for obvious
reasons. But nothing beats the taste of freshly picked mushrooms. Don't forget that
the ones in the shops are often several days old and pass their best.

There are certain ideas about wild mushrooms that it's important to be aware of.
Don't listen to people who tell you that it's only OK to eat mushrooms that are
pale or dull. This is completely untrue.

Some edible mushrooms are bright red, for example. Personally, I prefer mushrooms
cooked, but it won't do you any harm to eat them uncooked in salads. It's not
necessary to peel them. Another thing you should remember is that you can't tell if
a mushroom is safe to eat by its smell.

Some of the most deadly mushrooms have no smell and taste quite nice, apparently.
Finally, just because deer or squirrels eat a particular mushroom doesn't mean that
you can. Before you hear the rest of the talk, you have some time to look at
questions 15 to 20.

Now listen and answer questions 15 to 20. Of course! Mushroom picking is associated
with the countryside but if you haven't got a car your local park can be a great
place to start. There are usually a range of habitats where mushrooms grow such as
playing fields and wooded areas but you need to be there first thing in the morning
as there's likely to be a lot of competition not just from people but wildlife too.

The deer often get the best mushrooms in my local park. If you're a complete
beginner I wouldn't recommend going alone or relying on photos in a book even the
one I've written. There are some really good phone apps for identifying mushrooms
but you can't always rely on getting a good signal in the middle of a wood.

If possible you should go with a group led by an expert. You'll stay safe and learn
a lot that way. Conservation is a really important consideration and you must
follow a few basic rules. You should never pick all the mushrooms in one area.

Collect only enough for your own needs. Be very careful that you don't trample on
young mushrooms or other plants and make sure you don't pick any mushrooms that are
endangered and protected by law. There's been a decline in some varieties of wild
mushrooms in this part of the country.

Restaurants are becoming more interested in locally sourced food like wild
mushrooms but the biggest problem is that so many new houses have been built in
this area in the last 10 years and more water is being taken from rivers and
reservoirs because of this and mushroom habitats have been destroyed.

Anyway, a word of advice on storing mushrooms. Collect them in a brown paper bag
and as soon as you get home put them in the fridge. They'll be fine for a couple of
days but it's best to cook them as soon as possible, after washing them really
carefully first of course.

So, everybody knows what a mushroom tastes like, right? Well, you'll be surprised
by the huge variety of wild mushrooms there are. Be adventurous! They're great in
so many dishes, stir fries, risottos, pasta, but just be aware that some people can
react badly to certain varieties, so it's a good idea not to eat huge quantities to
begin with.

Okay, so... Now I'm going to show you a few examples of poisonous movement. That is
the end of part 2. You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to part 2. Felly,
mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio,
mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio.

Part 3 You will hear two business students discussing automation and the future of
work. First you have some time to look at questions 21-24. Felly, mae'n gweithio'n
gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n
gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n
gweithio'n gweithio.

Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 24. That seminar yesterday on
automation and the future of work was really good wasn't it? Looking at the first
industrial revolution in Britain in the 19th century and seeing how people reacted
to massive change was a real eye-opener.

Yes, it was interesting to hear how people felt about automation then and what
challenges they faced. I didn't know that first started with workers in the textile
industry. With those protesting workers called the Luddites destroying their
knitting machines because they were so worried about losing their jobs.

Yes and ultimately they didn't achieve anything. And anyway, industrialisation
created more jobs than it destroyed. Yes, that's true. But it probably didn't seem
a positive thing at the time. I can see why the Luddites felt so threatened.

I know. I'm sure I would have felt the same. The discussion about the future of
work was really optimistic for a change. I like the idea that work won't involve
doing boring, repetitive tasks, as robots will do all that.

Normally, you only hear negative stuff about the future. Bit too optimistic, don't
you think? For example, I can't see how people are about to have more leisure time
when all the evidence shows people are spending longer than ever at work.

No, that's true. And what about lower unemployment? I'm not so sure about that.
Perhaps in the long term. But not in the foreseeable future. And I expect most
people will be expected to work until they're much older.

is everyone's living much longer. That's already happening. Felly, mae'n gweithio,
mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio,
mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio.

Now listen and answer questions 25 to 30. I enjoyed all that stuff on how
technology has changed some jobs and how they're likely to change in the near
future. Yeah. Incredible. Like accountants. You might think all the technological
innovations would have put them out of a job, but in fact there are more of them
than ever.

They're still really in demand and have become far more efficient. Right. That was
amazing. 20 times more accountants in this country compared to the 19th century. I
know. I'd never have thought that demand for hairdressing would have gone up so
much in the last 100 years.

One hairdresser for every 287 people now compared to one for over 1500. Yeah,
because people's earning power has gone up so they can afford to spend more on
personal services like that. But technology hasn't changed the actual job that
much.

No. They've got hair dryers, etc. But it's one job where you don't depend on a
computer. The kind of work that administrative staff do has changed enormously,
thanks to technology. Even 20 years ago there were secretaries doing dictation and
typing.

Yes. Really boring compared to the 19th century. days when they're given much more
responsibility and higher status. A lot of graduates go in for this kind of work
now. I'd expected there to be a much bigger change in the number of agricultural
workers in the 19th century, but the 1871 census showed that roughly 25% of the
population worked on the land.

Yeah, I'd have assumed it would be more than 50%. Now it's less than 0.2%. What
about care workers? They barely existed in the 19th century, as people's lifespan
was so much shorter. But now, of course, this sector will see huge growth.

Yeah, and it's hard enough to meet current demand. The future looks quite bleak for
bank clerks. They've been in decline since ATMs were introduced in the 80s. And
technology will certainly make most of the jobs they do now redundant, I think.

I agree. Although the situation may change, it's very hard to predict what will
happen. That is the end of part 3. You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to
part 3. Felly, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio,
mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio.

Part 4. You will hear part of a lecture for astronomy students about the need for a
system to manage satellites and other objects orbiting the Earth. First, you have
some time to look at questions 31 to 40.

Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40. In other words, a space traffic
management system. We already have effective air traffic control systems that are
used internationally to ensure that planes navigate our skies safely.

Well, space traffic management is a similar concept but focusing on the control of
satellites. The aim of such a system would be to prevent the danger of collisions
in space between the objects in orbit around the earth.

In order to do this we'd need to have a set of legal measures and we'd also have to
develop the technical systems to enable us to prevent such accidents. But
unfortunately at present we don't actually have a space traffic management system
that works.

So why not? What are the problems in developing such a system? Well, for one thing,
Satellites are relatively cheap these days, compared with how they were in the
past, meaning that more people can afford to put them into space, so there's a lot
more of them out there and people aren't just launching single satellites but whole
constellations, consisting of thousands of them designed to work together,

so space is getting more crowded every day. But in spite of this, one thing you may
be surprised to learn is that you can launch a satellite into space and once it's
out there, it doesn't have to send back any information to Earth to allow its
identification.

So while we have international systems for ensuring we know where the planes in our
skies are, and to prevent them from colliding with one another, when it comes to
the safety of satellites, at present we don't have anything like enough proper ways
of tracking them.

And it isn't just entire satellites that we need to consider. A greater threat is
the huge amount of space debris in orbit around the Earth, broken bits of satellite
and junk from space stations and so on.

And some of these are so small that they can be very hard to identify, but they can
still be very dangerous. In addition, some operators may be unwilling to share
information about the satellites they've launched.

For example, a satellite may be designed for military purposes, or it may have been
launched for commercial reasons and the operators don't want competitors to have
information about it. And even if the operators are willing to provide it, the
information isn't easy to collect.
Details are needed about the object itself as well as about its location at a
particular time. time. And remember that a satellite isn't very big, and it's
likely to be moving at thousands of kilometres an hour.

We don't have any sensors that can constantly follow something moving so fast, so
all that the scientists can do is to put forward a prediction concerning where the
satellite is heading next. So those are some of the problems that we're facing.

Let's consider now some of the solutions that have been suggested. One key issue is
the way in which information is dealt with. We need more information, but it also
needs to be accessible at a global level, so we need to establish shared standards
that we can all agree on for the way in which this information is presented.

We already do this in other areas of science, so although this is a challenge, it's

not an impossible task. Then as all this information is collected it needs to be
put together so it can be used and that will involve creating a single database on
which it can be entered.

As we continue to push forward new developments, congestion of the space

environment is only going to increase. To cope with this, we need to develop a
system like the one I've described to coordinate the work of the numerous
spacecraft operators.

But it's also essential that this system is one that establishes trust in the
people that use it, both nationally and at a global level. One interesting
development that I'll mention at the end of part 4.

That is the end of part 4. You now have one minute to check your answers to part 4.
That is the end of the listening test. In the IELTS test you would now have 10
minutes to transfer your answers to the listening answer sheet.