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W7 Working with Combinations and Permutations Formulae Soln

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21 views

W7 Working with Combinations and Permutations Formulae Soln

Uploaded by

Anujan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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W7 Working with Combinations and Permutations Formulae NO CAS

nC !
Combinations (when order is not important) r
! !

If we are doing a task involving combinations without a calculator, or answering a


“show that” question it can be necessary to work this out by hand.
Things to remember:
Simple cases: nC
1 𝑛 nC
n 1 nC
0 1
Examples: 5C
1 5 5C
5 1 5C
0 1

Relationships: nC nC Examples: 5C2 5C 11C 11C Think about why!


r n‐r 3 7 4

1. Evaluate
a) 8C
1 8 b) 8C7 =8 C 1 = 8 c) 11C
1 11 d) 11C
10 =11C1 = 11
nP 𝒏!
Permutations (when order is important) r
𝒏 𝒓 !

(permutations questions are often easier to do without using formula)


nC !
Combinations (when order is not important) r
! !

In order to simplify these by hand we can manipulate the factorial expressions


Simplifying Factorials: Try to write the numerator (top) and denominator
(bottom) of the fraction in terms of the same factorial so you can cancel.
! 𝟔!
e.g. 56
! 𝟔!

1. Evaluate
! 𝟕! ! 𝟗!
a) b) 𝟗!
! 𝟕! !
72 1320

! !
c) 7C
4 35 d) 7C
3 7C
4
! ! ! !
35

e) 10C ! ! e) 10C 10C


8
45 2 2
! ! ! !
45
F. Mahoney
!
Working with pronumerals: e.g. Simplify
!

…..
!
!
!

𝑘 𝑘 1 𝑘 2
2. Simplify
! nP ! !
a) ! b) 3
! ! ! 𝒏 𝟑 !

𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 1 𝑛 2
OR think about “filling 3 places:
𝑛 𝑛 1 𝑛 2

c) nC
n‐2 ! d) nC
n‐3 !
! ! ! !
! !
! ! ! !
! !
! ! ! !

If P9  72  P7 , where n  7 , show algebraically that the only possible value


n n
3.
of n is n  16 .
n! n!
 72 
(n  9)! (n  7)!
n!(n  7)!  72n!(n  9)!
(n  7)! OR
 72 n(n  1)(n  2)(n  3)(n  4)(n  5)(n  6)(n  7)(n  8)  72n(n  1)( n  2)(n  3)( n  4)(n  5)(n  6)
(n  9)!
(n  7)(n  8)(n  9)! (n  7)( n  8)  72
 72
(n  9)! (n  7)( n  8)  72
(n  7)(n  8)  72 then as per other soln
n2  15n  56  72
n2  15n  16  0
(n  1)(n  16)  0
n  1, 16
n  1 (infeasible b/c n>7)
 n  16

F. Mahoney

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