Expansion of first figure by a factor of 4 along y-axis.

Reference Image:

Code:

from google.colab import files

uploaded = files.upload()

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import cv2
from google.colab.patches import cv2_imshow

# Read the image from the uploaded file

image_path = list(uploaded.keys())[0]
img = cv2.imread(image_path)

# Resize the image for better visualization

img = cv2.resize(img, (250, 250))

# Get the dimensions of the image

rows, cols, _ = img.shape

# Define points to be marked (example points: top-left, top-right, bottom-left,

bottom-right, and center)
points = np.array([
[0, 0],
[cols - 1, 0],
[0, rows - 1],
[cols - 1, rows - 1],
[cols // 2, rows // 2]
])
# Mark the points on the original image
img_with_points = img.copy()
for point in points:
cv2.circle(img_with_points, tuple(point), 5, (0, 255, 0), -1)

# Transformation matrix for expanding by a factor of 4 along the y-axis

transformation_matrix = np.array([[1, 0, 0], [0, 4, 0]], dtype=np.float32)

# Apply the transformation

transformed_img = cv2.warpAffine(img, transformation_matrix, (cols, rows * 4))

# Calculate new positions of the points after transformation

transformed_points = np.array([
[point[0], point[1] * 4] for point in points
])

# Mark the points on the transformed image

transformed_img_with_points = transformed_img.copy()
for point in transformed_points:
cv2.circle(transformed_img_with_points, tuple(point), 5, (0, 255, 0), -1)

# Display the images with matplotlib

fig, axes = plt.subplots(1, 2, figsize=(15, 10))

# Original image with points

axes[0].imshow(cv2.cvtColor(img_with_points, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB))
axes[0].set_title('Original Image with Points')
axes[0].set_xlabel('X')
axes[0].set_ylabel('Y')
axes[0].invert_yaxis() # Invert Y-axis to match Cartesian coordinates
for point in points:
axes[0].plot(point[0], point[1], 'go')
axes[0].text(point[0], point[1], f'({point[0]}, {point[1]})', color='red')

# Transformed image with points

axes[1].imshow(cv2.cvtColor(transformed_img_with_points, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB))
axes[1].set_title('Transformed Image (Expanded by 4 along y-axis) with Points')
axes[1].set_xlabel('X')
axes[1].set_ylabel('Y')
axes[1].invert_yaxis() # Invert Y-axis to match Cartesian coordinates
for point in transformed_points:
axes[1].plot(point[0], point[1], 'go')
axes[1].text(point[0], point[1], f'({point[0]}, {point[1]})', color='red')
plt.show()

# Save the transformed image with points

output_path = 'Transformed_Image_with_Points.jpg'
cv2.imwrite(output_path, transformed_img_with_points)
print(f'Transformed image with points saved as {output_path}')

Output:
Clockwise Rotation of second figure about the origin with an angle 120.
Reference Image:

Code:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import numpy as np

# Define the rotation matrix for 120 degrees clockwise

theta = np.radians(-120)
rotation_matrix = np.array([
[np.cos(theta), -np.sin(theta)],
[np.sin(theta), np.cos(theta)]
])

# Coordinates for each shape

shapes = {
"Shape 1": [(-1, 9), (-0.5, 10), (0, 11), (1, 12), (2, 13), (3, 13.5), (3.5,
12.5), (2, 11), (1, 10), (1.5, 8.5), (2, 8), (2, 7.5), (1, 7), (0.5, 7), (0, 7),
(-1, 7.5), (-1.5, 8), (-1, 9)],
"Shape 2": [(1.5, 8.5), (3, 8.5), (6, 8.5), (8, 7.5), (9.5, 6.5), (10.5, 5),
(11, 4), (11.5, 2), (12, 0), (11.5, -3), (10.5, -5), (9, -7), (7, -8.5), (5, -
9.5), (3, -10), (1, -10), (-1.5, -10), (-3.5, -10), (-6, -9), (-8.5, -7), (-10, -
5), (-11.5, -2), (-12, 0), (-11.5, 2), (-11, 4), (-10, 6), (-8, 7.5), (-6, 8.5),
(-4, 9), (-2, 9), (-1, 9)],
"Shape 3": [(2, 8), (5, 7.5), (7, 6.5), (8.5, 5), (9.5, 3), (10, 1), (10.5, -
1), (10, -3), (9, -5.5), (7, -8.5)],
"Shape 4": [(2, 8), (4, 7), (6, 5), (7, 3), (7.5, 0), (7.5, -2)],
"Shape 5": [(7.5, -3.5), (7, -5), (6, -7), (5, -9.5)],
"Shape 6": [(0, -5.5), (0.5, -8), (1, -10)],
"Shape 7": [(2, 7.5), (3, 6.5), (4, 4), (6, 1), (4.5, 1), (1.5, 1), (4, 4)],
"Shape 8": [(4.5, 1), (4.5, -1), (4.5, -3)],
"Shape 9": [(4, -6.5), (4, -8), (3, -10)],
"Shape 10": [(0.5, 7), (0, 5), (0, 0), (-1, -1.5), (0, -1.5), (1.5, -1.5),
(0.5, 0.5), (0, 0)],
"Shape 11": [(0, -1.5), (0, -3.5), (1.5, -3.5), (1.5, -4.5), (3.5, -4.5), (3,
-3), (4.5, -3), (7.5, -2), (8.5, -2), (7.5, -3.5), (6, -5), (5, -6), (4, -6.5),
(1.5, -7), (1, -5.5), (0, -5.5), (-1, -5.5), (-1, -7.5), (-3, -6.5), (-5, -5.5),
(-7.5, -1.5), (-3.5, -3), (-4, -4.5), (-2, -4.5), (-1.5, -3), (0, -3.5)],
"Shape 12": [(-1, 7.5), (-2.5, 6), (-3, 5), (-3.5, 4), (-1.5, 1), (-4, 0.5),
(-6, 0.5), (-3.5, 4)],
"Shape 13": [(-4, 0.5), (-4, -1), (-3.5, -3)],
"Shape 14": [(-3, -6.5), (-2.5, -8), (-1.5, -10)],
"Shape 15": [(-1.5, 8), (-2.5, 8), (-4, 7), (-5.5, 6), (-7, 4), (-8, 2), (-8,
0), (-8, -2), (-7.5, -4), (-7, -5.5), (-5.5, -7.5), (-3.5, -10)],
"Shape 16": [(-2, 9), (-4, 8.5), (-6, 7.5), (-8, 6), (-9.5, 3.5), (-10, 2),
(-10.5, 0), (-10.5, -2), (-9.5, -4.5), (-8.5, -7)]
}

# Function to plot shapes

def plot_shapes(ax, shapes, title):
for shape, points in shapes.items():
points = np.array(points)
ax.plot(points[:, 0], points[:, 1], marker='o')
 ax.plot(points[:, 0], points[:, 1], label=shape)
ax.legend()
ax.grid(True)
ax.axhline(0, color='black',linewidth=0.5)
ax.axvline(0, color='black',linewidth=0.5)
ax.set_aspect('equal', adjustable='box')
ax.set_title(title)

# Create the rotated shapes

rotated_shapes = {shape: np.dot(points, rotation_matrix.T) for shape, points in
shapes.items()}

# Plotting the original and rotated shapes

fig, (ax1, ax2) = plt.subplots(1, 2, figsize=(15, 7))

plot_shapes(ax1, shapes, "Original Shapes")

plot_shapes(ax2, rotated_shapes, "Rotated Shapes (120° Clockwise)")

plt.show()

Output: