MACHINE LEARNING LIFE CYCLE In this step, first, we put all data together, and then randomize the

first, we put all data together, and then randomize the ordering of data.
This step can be further divided into two processes:
Machine learning life cycle involves seven major steps, which are given below: • Data exploration:
o Gathering Data It is used to understand the nature of data that we have to work with. We need to understand the
o Data preparation characteristics, format, and quality of data. A better understanding of data leads to an effective outcome. In
o Data Wrangling this, we find Correlations, general trends, and outliers.
o Analyse Data • Data pre-processing:
o Train the model Now the next step is preprocessing of data for its analysis.
o Test the model
o Deployment 3. Data Wrangling:

Data wrangling is the process of cleaning and converting raw data into a useable format. It is the process of cleaning
the data, selecting the variable to use, and transforming the data in a proper format to make it more suitable for
analysis in the next step. It is one of the most important steps of the complete process. Cleaning of data is required to
address the quality issues.

It is not necessary that data we have collected is always of our use as some of the data may not be useful. In real-world
applications, collected data may have various issues, including:
o Missing Values
o Duplicate data
o Invalid data
o Noise

So, we use various filtering techniques to clean the data.

The most important thing in the complete process is to understand the problem and to know the purpose of the It is mandatory to detect and remove the above issues because it can negatively affect the quality of the outcome.
problem. Therefore, before starting the life cycle, we need to understand the problem because the good result depends
on the better understanding of the problem. 4. Data Analysis:

In the complete life cycle process, to solve a problem, we create a machine learning system called "model", and this Now the cleaned and prepared data is passed on to the analysis step. This step involves:
model is created by providing "training". But to train a model, we need data, hence, life cycle starts by collecting data. o Selection of analytical techniques
o Building models
1. Gathering Data: o Review the result

Data Gathering is the first step of the machine learning life cycle. The goal of this step is to identify and obtain all data- The aim of this step is to build a machine learning model to analyze the data using various analytical techniques and
related problems. review the outcome. It starts with the determination of the type of the problems, where we select the machine learning
techniques such as Classification, Regression, Cluster analysis, Association, etc. then build the model using prepared
In this step, we need to identify the different data sources, as data can be collected from various sources such data, and evaluate the model.
as files, database, internet, or mobile devices. It is one of the most important steps of the life cycle. The quantity and
quality of the collected data will determine the efficiency of the output. The more will be the data, the more accurate Hence, in this step, we take the data and use machine learning algorithms to build the model.
will be the prediction.
5. Train Model:
This step includes the below tasks:
o Identify various data sources Now the next step is to train the model, in this step we train our model to improve its performance for better outcome
o Collect data of the problem.
o Integrate the data obtained from different sources
We use datasets to train the model using various machine learning algorithms. Training a model is required so that it
By performing the above task, we get a coherent set of data, also called as a dataset. It will be used in further steps. can understand the various patterns, rules, and, features.

2. Data preparation: 6. Test Model:

After collecting the data, we need to prepare it for further steps. Data preparation is a step where we put our data into Once our machine learning model has been trained on a given dataset, then we test the model. In this step, we check
a suitable place and prepare it to use in our machine learning training. for the accuracy of our model by providing a test dataset to it.
Testing the model determines the percentage accuracy of the model as per the requirement of project or problem.
7. Deployment:
Speech recognition is a process of converting voice instructions into text, and it is also known as "Speech to text", or
The last step of machine learning life cycle is deployment, where we deploy the model in the real-world system. If the "Computer speech recognition." At present, machine learning algorithms are widely used by various applications of
above-prepared model is producing an accurate result as per our requirement with acceptable speed, then we deploy speech recognition. Google assistant, Siri, Cortana, and Alexa are using speech recognition technology to follow the
the model in the real system. But before deploying the project, we will check whether it is improving its performance voice instructions.
using available data or not. The deployment phase is similar to making the final report for a project.
3. Traffic prediction:
APPLICATIONS OF MACHINE LEARNING
If we want to visit a new place, we take help of Google Maps, which shows us the correct path with the shortest route
Applications of Machine learning: and predicts the traffic conditions.

Machine learning is a buzzword for today's technology, and it is growing very rapidly day by day. We are using machine It predicts the traffic conditions such as whether traffic is cleared, slow-moving, or heavily congested with the help of
learning in our daily life even without knowing it such as Google Maps, Google assistant, Alexa, etc. Below are some two ways:
most trending real-world applications of Machine Learning:
• Real Time location of the vehicle form Google Map app and sensors
• Average time has taken on past days at the same time.

Everyone who is using Google Map is helping this app to make it better. It takes information from the user and sends
back to its database to improve the performance.

4. Product recommendations:

Machine learning is widely used by various e-commerce and entertainment companies such as Amazon, Netflix, etc.,
for product recommendation to the user. Whenever we search for some product on Amazon, then we started getting
an advertisement for the same product while internet surfing on the same browser and this is because of machine
learning.

Google understands the user interest using various machine learning algorithms and suggests the product as per
customer interest. As similar, when we use Netflix, we find some recommendations for entertainment series, movies,
etc., and this is also done with the help of machine learning.

5. Self-driving cars:

One of the most exciting applications of machine learning is self-driving cars. Machine learning plays a significant role
in self-driving cars. Tesla, the most popular car manufacturing company is working on self-driving car. It is using
unsupervised learning method to train the car models to detect people and objects while driving.
1. Image Recognition:
6. Email Spam and Malware Filtering:
Image recognition is one of the most common applications of machine learning. It is used to identify objects, persons,
places, digital images, etc. The popular use case of image recognition and face detection is, Automatic friend tagging Whenever we receive a new email, it is filtered automatically as important, normal, and spam. We always receive an
suggestion: important mail in our inbox with the important symbol and spam emails in our spam box, and the technology behind
this is Machine learning. Below are some spam filters used by Gmail:
Facebook provides us a feature of auto friend tagging suggestion. Whenever we upload a photo with our Facebook
friends, then we automatically get a tagging suggestion with name, and the technology behind this is machine • Content Filter
learning's face detection and recognition algorithm. • Header filter
• General blacklists filter
It is based on the Facebook project named "Deep Face," which is responsible for face recognition and person
• Rules-based filters
identification in the picture.
• Permission filters

2. Speech Recognition:
Some machine learning algorithms such as Multi-Layer Perceptron, Decision tree, and Naïve Bayes classifier are used
for email spam filtering and malware detection.
While using Google, we get an option of "Search by voice," it comes under speech recognition, and it's a popular
application of machine learning.
7. Virtual Personal Assistant:

We have various virtual personal assistants such as Google assistant, Alexa, Cortana, Siri. As the name suggests, they
help us in finding the information using our voice instruction. These assistants can help us in various ways just by our
voice instructions such as Play music, call someone, Open an email, Scheduling an appointment, etc.

These virtual assistants use machine learning algorithms as an important part.

These assistant record our voice instructions, send it over the server on a cloud, and decode it using ML algorithms
and act accordingly.

8. Online Fraud Detection:

Machine learning is making our online transaction safe and secure by detecting fraud transaction. Whenever we
perform some online transaction, there may be various ways that a fraudulent transaction can take place such as fake
accounts, fake ids, and steal money in the middle of a transaction. So to detect this, Feed Forward Neural network
helps us by checking whether it is a genuine transaction or a fraud transaction.

For each genuine transaction, the output is converted into some hash values, and these values become the input for
the next round. For each genuine transaction, there is a specific pattern which gets change for the fraud transaction
hence, it detects it and makes our online transactions more secure.

9. Stock Market trading:

Machine learning is widely used in stock market trading. In the stock market, there is always a risk of up and downs in
shares, so for this machine learning's long short term memory neural network is used for the prediction of stock
market trends.

10. Medical Diagnosis:

In medical science, machine learning is used for diseases diagnoses. With this, medical technology is growing very fast
and able to build 3D models that can predict the exact position of lesions in the brain.

It helps in finding brain tumors and other brain-related diseases easily.

11. Automatic Language Translation:

Nowadays, if we visit a new place and we are not aware of the language then it is not a problem at all, as for this also
machine learning helps us by converting the text into our known languages. Google's GNMT (Google Neural Machine
Translation) provide this feature, which is a Neural Machine Learning that translates the text into our familiar language,
and it called as automatic translation.

The technology behind the automatic translation is a sequence-to-sequence learning algorithm, which is used with
image recognition and translates the text from one language to another language.