Research on BEEd
Research on BEEd
A Research Outline
Presented to the
Echague, Isabela
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements in
Submitted by:
Bautista, Paul C.
Ferrer, Camille S.
Ramirez, Alpha G.
February 2024
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the problem and its setting. It includes the background of the
study, the statement of the problem, significance of the study, scope and delimitation, and
definition of terms.
theories, child development, and teaching methodologies. The program also includes practical
experiences, such as classroom observations and student teaching, to ensure that graduates are
great importance in the field of education. Understanding the factors that influence these
decisions is crucial for several reasons. First and foremost, the career choices made by these
students have a direct impact on the future of elementary education and the quality of
Elementary Education students to choose a career path that aligns with their interests, skills,
and values if they are to be successful and fulfilled in their profession. Additionally, gaining
insight into the factors that drive career decisions among these students can aid educational
programs. Such programs can help students make informed choices about their career paths
and increase their chances of achieving personal and professional satisfaction. The decision-
making process regarding career choices is of utmost importance for Bachelor of Elementary
Education students. Their career choice will not only impact their own lives but also have a
profound influence on the future generations they will educate. The significance of this
decision lies in the fact that teaching is a noble profession that requires dedication, passion,
Education students can vary greatly. One significant factor is the individual's personal interest
and passion for working with children and the desire to make a positive impact on their lives.
This passion can stem from personal experiences, such as being inspired by a favorite teacher
or having a natural ability to connect with children. Another factor that influences career
choice decisions is the influence of family and societal expectations. In some cultures,
teaching is seen as a highly respected profession, and individuals may feel obligated to pursue
consideration for students when making career choices. Teaching may not always offer the
highest salary, but the potential for job security and benefits can be appealing to students,
especially those who value stability in their professional lives. Overall, these factors, along
with others, play crucial roles in shaping the career choice decisions of Bachelor of
Everyone has a different dream or goal in life, especially at a young age. We have so
many professions or careers in mind that we want to pursue someday. Our parents or
guardians, always say that education is the key in achieving our dreams, and education is very
important in our daily lives, where in primary school, our teacher taught us how to count,
read, and write in the first place. Education is designed to guide us in discovering our culture,
molding our character in the ways of adulthood, and directing us towards our eventful role in
the society.
The impact of a person's professional decision is long-lasting. It can be used to
forecast and determine someone's future level of income and the type of work they will do. As
a result, it has an impact on a person's personality, demeanor, and behavior. This means that a
person's destiny can be altered by one bad choice. Every person finds it challenging to choose
their career. An individual's action has a stronger impact when it contributes to the country's
economic growth. Misfits in the workplace typically exhibit lower levels of productivity and
In today's society, the role of educators is becoming increasingly crucial in shaping the
minds and future of young learners. With this in mind, the importance of Bachelor of
programs provide aspiring teachers with the necessary knowledge, skills, and experiences to
emphasize the importance of building strong relationships with students, families, and the
Elementary Education programs play a vital role in cultivating competent and compassionate
educators who will go on to make a significant impact in the lives of the children they teach.
The study aims to determine the factors affecting the career choice decision of the
2. How may these factors of the Bachelor of Elementary Education students be described in
terms of:
2.1 Social;
2.2 Economic;
2.3 Environmental;
3. Is there a significant difference to the factors affecting the career choice decision of the
The general objectives of the study are to find the factors affecting the career choice
Echague Campus.
terms of:
2.1 Social;
2.2 Economic;
2.3 Environmental;
3. Determine the significant difference to the factors affecting the career choice decision of
the Bachelor of Elementary Education students when group according to their profile.
The findings of the study are expecting to help determine the factors affecting the
career choice decision of the Bachelor of Elementary Education students. In line with the
main task of the research, this paper might be beneficial to the following individuals:
Students. The study will serve as a guide in making the right career choice
Teachers. The study will serve as a reference for teachers development in better
Parents. The study will assist and guide their children in making the right career
taking into considerations of the different factors affecting career choice decisions.
Future Researchers. The findings of the study will provide data and information that
future researchers need to support similar studies and enrich findings of their own studies.
The focus of the study is to determine the factors affecting the career choice decision
Campus.
It limits its coverage to the Bachelor of Elementary Education students. Each of the
respondents will be given the same questionnaire to answer. Moreover, the study will focus
Definition of Terms
and appropriate training for future elementary school teachers of Grades 1-6 through the
Career Choice. It refers to the process through which students come to make career-related
decisions.
Career Choice Decisions. It refers to the available courses which the students can take in
tertiary education in preparation for the future world of work.
Factors. It refers to the circumstances like social, economic, environmental, personal and
academic ability that may affect the career decision-making of the students.
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter presents the relevant literature and studies that the researcher considered
in strengthening the importance of the present study. It also presents the synthesis of the art to
In a fast-paced society, planning for the future is essential. In relation to this, career
planning has long been a factor to be considered in ensuring financial success and career
stability. According to Sharif and Ahmad (2017), career is the occupational, commercial or
industrial activity that a person may adopt during his educational life or in some other part or
till his death. Hence, every individual is bound to come to a point of career decision-making
in his/her life.
Olaosebikan and Olusakin (2014) have suggested that exploring career options before
committing to a career increases future career success and satisfaction. Thus, variables that
Consequently, career choice decision making is not an easy task, yet at one time or the other,
individuals are faced with the task of making choice in career, preparing for it, starting it and
making progress in it. This choice point is undoubtedly the most critical stage. This is because
making a wrong career decision can make one’s happiness in life as this could result to career
maladjustment. Inappropriate career decision made may spell doom not only for the
Career growth is an ongoing process for some people; they get engaged in different
jobs through choosing among job opportunities available in the market. Every person
undertaking the procedure of choosing opportunities objective by many factors, context they
live in, personal aptitudes, and educational skills as cited of Ahmed (2017). It is natural that
people always try to forecast or direct sometimes the future which is uncertain, so as students,
always try to plan their careers for a secure future where superior job opportunities are the
important factor that might prejudice the career choices. A career plan would help students to
feel contented in their job which will directly leads to satisfaction, Almario (2021).
Ahmad (2017) found that career opportunities in combination with prestige are the
most important factor in the decision making process of surgical career selection. Often, it is
thought that family and community as a sheer start to workplace willingness; though, this
decision plays a key role in launching students on a career path that opens and closes
opportunities. According to him, an individual’s own trait, his cultural environment, his
family experiences, guidance and expectation provided and pertinent to particular field has an
Many factors can influence and come into play when college students start in choosing
their career path. Students will always consider the quality of life they want when they get
older. According to Almario (2021), factors such as interest in field, academic ability,
familiarity, economic stability, and influential people can all play a role in the decision.
Ahmad (2017) found that the interest depicted by students in some subjects will
mostly lead to the better examination performance and selection of profession in the same
direction. In addition, Akosah-Twumasi et al., (2018) reported that personal interest was
highlighted as the major factor that influenced career choice in individualistic settings, and the
youth were more independent in their career decision making and that most career decisions
of students are based on their personal interests. Moreover, Jemini-Gashi and Kadriu (2022)
reported that personal interest for a certain academic field was among the facilitating and
In the other hand, Rababah (2016) stated that family members and peers have greatly
influence the students’ major choice including their personal interests, gender, career
opportunity and availability of jobs that may affect the students’ decision making. Khoo,
Ban, Neng, Hooi and Joan (2015) showed that college students and non-college students who
were involved in this study agreed that parents are the most influential person when choosing
their choice of course because parents perceive as their main source of finance and they
normally seek advice from them due to the perception that parents have the relevant
information or experience with regards to higher education. In addition, Kaneez and Medha
(2018) supported that parental influence have significant effect on the career choice of their
children. Dagang and de Mesa (2017) identified that the result which point to the strong
influence of parents on their children’s choice of tertiary school is deeply rooted to the
consciousness of the Filipinos respect for elders, plus the fact that Filipino children are
Another factor was the affordability of tuition fee as stated by Eremie and Okwulehie
(2018) that factors such as environmental, opportunity and personality can influence the
choice of career among students. In terms of environmental factors, it revealed that family,
socioeconomic status and peer groups have significant influence of the students’ choice of
career while in opportunity factors such as education and mentorship also had influence to the
choice of career as well as the personality factors such as the students’ interest, values and
factors that include economic stable wages and in-demand jobs. Ahmed, Sharif and Ahmad
(2017) which revealed that interest in subject has strong and positive relationship while ease
in grades, financial outcomes, and future job opportunities had minor impact on students’
decision for particular field and subject. It was also stated that the career choice of the
students was also influenced by the level of their social status, financial resources,
While Okiror and Otabong (2015) revealed that students’ choices were base on their
perceived availability of career and scholarship opportunities in a given department and the
grade point averages marks earned by the student at the time selecting the options. Pascual
(2014) showed that the students’ first consideration in choosing a course in college is the
Su, Chang, Wu and Liao (2016) showed that students’ career decision-making is most
deeply affected by “personal factor”, next are “group factor” and “career exploration factor”,
Even with changes in how we view decisions about career choice, for a new
generation of emerging teachers, what motivates them to choose teaching as a profession, and
what influences those decisions hasn’t changed. It is still largely dependent on internal and
influences of former teachers and prior teaching experiences. In addition, it also showed that
while salary and compensation are not the main drivers behind decisions to become teachers,
it still matters, and will continue to matter until the teaching profession is viewed, with
The results from study “Exploring the Factors Influencing Teaching Choice amongst
Pre-Service Teachers in Ireland” by Hennessy and Lynch (2017), highlighted the significant
influence that participants’ prior teaching and learning experiences, as well as their perceived
ability, had on their decision to pursue a teaching career. However, it was ones desire to work
with children, which was the strongest positive predictor of satisfaction with choice for these
Davies, Geraint and Hughes, Sioned (2018) research titled “Why I chose to become a
teacher and why I might choose not to become one” found out that the main motivators for
people choosing a career in teaching were linked to their perceptions of their own teaching
ability and suitability for the profession and the intrinsic rewards that the profession offers.
They believe that it is the job which best matches the set of skills they have to offer the
workplace and which will give them the greatest sense of fulfillment.
“personal fulfillment incorporated a feeling of personal suitability for a teaching role which
was often related to enjoyment of their own past school experiences” (p. 23). Additionally,
they reported for a number of participants, “the idea of teaching had been a childhood dream”
(p. 23). In reviewing past empirical studies on international work exploring teacher choice,
researchers also found prior teaching and learning experiences had “positive impact on
decisions to become teachers” (p.265) for students in the United States, Australia, UK, and
as they are internal motivations, Houdyshell, (2019). When participants were surveyed about
their reasons for becoming a future teacher, many mentioned a desire to work with children.
“I love working with kids” was an often repeated response to this question. When probed for
more detail, participants responded with ‘I’m excited to work with children’, ‘I want to make
a difference’, and ‘I know I for sure want to work with children’. At the end of the term when
surveyed again about why students decided to become a teacher, similar responses were given
if not a bit more pointed including ‘I love being around kids and helping people succeed’, ‘I
like working with young children’, and ‘I love working with kids and want to get them
In the same study of Houdyshell (2019), participants also cited influences of family,
friends and especially former teachers as reasons for wanting to become a teacher. When
asked more about why choosing to become a teacher or to list any influences, participants
listed parents and other family members as influencers or having a family member who was
already working as a teacher or in education. However, the most cited outside influencer to
become a teacher in the lives of many participants were former teachers. Participants more
often cited former teachers as major influencers on their decision to pursue teaching as a
career. Example responses include ‘...good teachers that I have had in the past’, ‘Seeing how
teachers have change and influenced my life so much’, ‘I had some extremely influential
teachers growing up’, ‘So many teachers love their job and their enthusiasm inspired me’, and
finally ‘…since the third grade because I loved my teacher and wanted to be like her’.
Research on students entering pre-service teaching to become a teacher supports how the
influence of others, especially teachers, can have a positive impact on their decision (Howes,
profession”, it can be seen that the participants considered “interest in teaching” the most
influential factor for joining the teaching profession. Moreover “Inspired by role models, love
From the international interview of the same study (Pak 1) said, “Due to my desire to
do social work and my philanthropic nature, at first, I have joined this profession
voluntarily/honorary teaching with the aim that the knowledge I’ve gained so far should be
transferred to the young generation. Gradually, with the passage of time I realized that this is
a very noble profession so I started to adopt it.” And some one wants to follow their dream as
a teacher as their dream job. Like (Thai1) expressed her feelings, “My dream profession is to
be a teacher, so I’m glad to be a teacher, because my dreams came true”. Through this study it
shows that childhood dreams could be one of the factors that can lead teachers to join this
field like what (Eng1) mentioned, “From my early years it was a big dream of mine to
become a teacher. I was playing in the neighborhood with the other children and I held the
position of the head teacher.” Some social and financial factors also play a very important role
that can influence the decisions such as “Love for others” (Aus1), “helping others” (Gre2), “to
have a feeling of doing something good” (Pak2), “good salary, vacations and convenient
working hours” (Cyp1), “Quick settlements” (Eng2), “Financial reasons” (Gre1), “Have no
other choice” (Taz1), “love to make fun with kids” (PNG1), “Sharing knowledge with others
to make an influential step towards the progress of the country” (Com1 & Thai1) are also the
factors that motivated teachers to join this profession. Through many options, presented
several reasons influencing the choice of the teaching profession, the data showed that the
love for kids and the influence of former teacher were the most important reasons for
Extension Campus, Philippines asked about their reasons for selecting Bachelor of
Elementary Education (BEEd) program in college, it shows that influence from parents or
relatives was ranked 1st by the respondents. This indicates that most of the BEEd graduates
pursued elementary education because they were influenced by their parents or relatives who
convinced them to pursue the program. Cornillez et al. (2021) and Oboza (2017) also revealed
that one of the main reasons of the respondents for pursuing teacher education program in
their tracer studies was the influence of parents and/or relatives. Moreover, on the list, it
shows that availability of course offering in chosen institution which ranked 2nd, strong
passion for the profession which ranked 3rd, and affordable for the family which ranked 4th
were almost as frequently selected as rank 1 by respondents for pursuing BEEd program. This
indicates that they were included as main reasons of respondents for pursuing the program.
Further, this result shares some similarity with Pentang et al. (2022) who showed that most of
the teacher education graduates in their tracer study perceived that strong passion for the
profession was their main reason for pursuing teacher education program. Further, the list
indicates that opportunity for employment abroad was the least perceived reason for pursuing
BEEd program by the graduates similar with Cornillez et al. (2021) who revealed that the
same reason, opportunity for employment abroad, was the least perceived reason for pursuing
Failure in career planning causes problems to society. Ahmed, Sharif, & Ahmad
(2017) asserted that a wrong career choice directed efforts and resources to a wrong direction.
Misalignment with expectations exhausts personal energy and wastes resources. Furthermore,
Pascual (2014) associated underemployment in the Philippines to the misfit of the needs of
the workforce needed in different companies to the graduates of the different colleges and
universities. Another predicament was mentioned in the study of Anbuselvan et al. (2013)
where he said that there were problems faced by the students due to the matching of their
skills and school performance with the right career choice. Students do understand the
importance of career planning and the problems caused by failure to plan for their careers.
In today’s workforce it is getting harder for college graduates to get jobs in their field
of interest. Students may have to wait long periods of time for a job in their chosen field,
settling for jobs that are lower paying and out of their field of interest. Thus, students often
expect to start out with a high paying position. In contrast, most newly graduated students
have to start from the bottom as interns and work up, Almario (2021).
The students’ lack of career information, and wrong decisions was found to be the
most contributing factor to the country’s problem on unemployment, job mismatch and
underemployment. As cited in GMA News by Cordero (2023), the report of Labor Force
Survey done in February 2023 revealed that there are around 2.47 million unemployed
Filipinos. As the study of Gallup (2019) reported that graduates who experienced a sense of
purpose in their work were more likely to align their work with their interests, values, and
strengths and participate in a program or class that helped them think about pursuing
meaningful work.
4. Personal
Figure 1: Conceptual Framework of the Study
This study aims to examine the difference between students' profiles as independent
variables and various factors related to the social, economic, environmental, personal, and
The researchers will conduct the study by administering survey questions to the Bachelor of
The independent variables in this study refer to the students' profiles, which may
include demographic information such as gender and year level. On the other hand, the
dependent variables in this study encompass factors related to the social, economic,
This study seeks to contribute to the understanding of how students' profiles may
impact factors related to social, economic, environmental, personal, and academic ability
Hypothesis
environmental, personal and academic ability factors when group according to their
profile.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter describes and discusses the subject, the sources of data, and the
instrument used in the collection of data, the statistical treatment used in the analysis of data,
Research Method
data or information will be obtain through the use of descriptive methods by means of
distributing a questionnaire to the respondents. The data that the researchers will collect will
be tally, categorize and tabulate to provide information needed in this study. Inferential
This study focuses on the Factors Affecting the Career Choice Decision of the Bachelor
The respondents of the study are randomly selected Bachelor of Elementary Education
students at Isabela State University - Echague Campus who were enrolled during this first
Qualtrics is used to determine a study sample size of 165 from a population of 287
samples using probability sampling with 95% confidence intervals with a margin error of 5%.
This number will be distributed to the different year level of Bachelor of Elementary
Research Instrumentation
The data were derived from the Factors Affecting the Career Choice Decision of SHS
content/uploads/2021/12CM-JD21-Olivia-P.-Almario.pdf
The researchers will use survey questionnaire to attain the objectives and to gather
information about the Factors Affecting the Career Choice Decision of the Bachelor of
The respondents will be asking to give their answer using the following numerical
values with 4 as the highest and 1as the lowest such that:
4 Strongly Agree
3 Agree
2 Disagree
1 Strongly Disagree
The researchers will personally distribute and retrieve the questionnaire to the
The researchers will use survey questionnaire to collect, tabulate, analyze and interpret
data. Frequency and Mean scores will be use to interpret the responses of the respondents. T-
test and F-test or ANOVA will be use to test the difference between the respondents profile
The mode of the data gathering is the questionnaire method. Each of the respondents
will be given structured set of questions to determine the factors affecting the career choice of
In gathering the data, the researchers will carry out the following procedure:
1. A letter will be send to the Dean to seek permission for the conduct of the study.
2. With the approval of the Dean, the researchers will commence the distribution of the
3. The researchers will collect the questionnaires from the respondents and check
Directions: For each statement in the survey, please indicate how much you agree or
disagree with the statement by putting a check in the box on the right side of each
statement. There is no right or wrong answer. Your answers will be kept strictly
confidential and you will not be identified.