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Statistics Intro and Terms

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12 views

Statistics Intro and Terms

Uploaded by

JunThe IcePrince
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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You are on page 1/ 5

12/2/2024

STATISTICS
Introduction to A science that deals with the
Business Statistics collection, organization,
presentation, analysis and
interpretation of data

Dr. Wilson Cordova, LPT

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Purpose of Statistics Branches of Statistics


O To provide information
O To provide comparisons DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
O To help discern relationships Consists of methods concerned with
O To aid in decision making collection, organization,
O To estimate unknown quantities summarization and presentation of a
O To justify claims or assertions set of data
O To predict future outcomes

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12/2/2024

Branches of Statistics Population and sample

INFERENTIAL STATISTICS Population


Comprised of those methods Consists of the totality of all the
concerned with making predictions or elements or entities from which you
inferences about an entire population want to obtain an information
based on information provided by the Sample
sample A subset of the population

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A Car Company wants to know the top 3 features of cars


that are most important to licensed drivers in the Philippines. The
Company telephones 100 Alabang residents and asks a series of
questions
Census and survey
1] Which of these is the population in this survey? Justify
your answer.
A] all licensed drivers in Alabang
Census
B] all residents in Alabang
C] all licensed drivers in the Philippines
the process of collecting information
D] all residents of the Philippines from the population
2] Which of these is the sample in this survey? Justify your
answer.
Survey
A] 100 licensed drivers in Alabang
B] all licensed drivers in Alabang
the process of collecting information
C] 100 licensed drivers in the Philippines
D] all licensed drivers in the Philippines
from the sample

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12/2/2024

Parameter and statistic Constant


Paramater
a summary or numerical measure a characteristic or property of a
used to describe a population population or sample which makes
Statistic the members similar to each other.
a summary or numerical measure
used to describe a sample

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Qualitative (Categorical)
variables Variables
variables that indicate what kind of a
given characteristic an individual,
object, or event possesses.
any characteristic or information
Quantitative (Numerical)
measurable or observable on every
Variables
element of the population or sample
variables that indicate how much a
given characteristic an individual,
object, or event possesses

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12/2/2024

Identify whether the given belongs to Quantitative or Qualitative


type of variables. Types of quantitative
DATA QN / QL
QN
variables
Weekly allowance
Income of parents QN Discrete Variables
Gender QL
variables whose values are
Civil status QL
obtained through the process of
Religion QL
counting
Age QN

QL
Continuous Variables
Address
Educational attainment of parents QL variables whose values are
Jobs/ occupation of parents QL obtained through the process of
School previously attended QL measuring

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Dependent Scales of measurement of


a variable which is affected by another variables
variable
Ex. “test scores” is dependent on number Nominal
of hours spent in studying, IQ, attitude O Variables whose values are simply
towards studying, etc…
labels or names or categories
Independent without any explicit or implicit
a variable which affects the dependent ordering of the labels;
variable
O Lowest level of measurement
Ex. “number of hours spent in studying”
affects test scores known as categorical scale.

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12/2/2024

Scales of measurement of Scales of measurement of


variables variables
Ordinal Interval
O Variables whose values are simply O Variables whose values can be
labels or names or categories with an ordered and distance between any
implied ordering in these labels; two labels are of known size;
O Ranking can be done on the data
O Always numeric and have no true
O Distance between two labels can not zero point.
be determined.

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Scales of measurement of
variables
Ratio
O Variables whose values have all
the properties of the interval scale
and the ratio of two values is
meaningful
O Has a true zero point;
O Highest level of measurement

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