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Diya_lab

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

9 views

Diya_lab

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ibnusuresh

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3

CYCLE-1

SQL PRACTICE QUESTIONS

I. Create a table with following columns.

ID character 5
DeptID numeric 2
Name character 15
Designation character 15
Basic numeric 10,2
Gender character 1

ID DeptID Name Designation Basic Gender

101 1 Ram Typist 2000 M
102 2 Arun Analyst 6000 M
121 1 Ruby Typist 2010 F
156 3 Mary Manager 4500 F
123 2 Mridula Analyst 6000 F
114 4 Menon Clerk 1500 M
115 4 Tim Clerk 1500 M
127 2 Kiran Manager 4000 M
147 2 Maya Clerk 4000 F

user@user-Desktop:~$ sudomysql
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 14
Server version: 8.0.34-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 (Ubuntu)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
Owners.

mysql> create database Diya2024;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> use Diya2024;
Database changed
mysql> create table Emp26(ID varchar(5) primary key,DeptID varchar(5),Name
varchar(15),Designation varchar(15),Basic decimal(10,2),Gender varchar(1));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
5

1. Get the description of the table.

mysql>select * from Emp26;

+-----+--------+---------+-------------+---------+--------+
| ID | DeptID | Name | Designation | Basic | Gender |
+-----+--------+---------+-------------+---------+--------+
| 101 | 1 | Ram | Typist | 2000.00 | M |
| 102 | 2 | Arun | Analyst | 6000.00 | M |
| 114 | 4 | Menon | Clerk | 1500.00 | M |
| 115 | 4 | Tim | Clerk | 1500.00 | M |
| 121 | 1 | Ruby | Typist | 2010.00 | F |
| 123 | 2 | Mridula | Analyst | 6000.00 | F |
| 127 | 2 | Kiran | Manager | 4000.00 | M |
| 156 | 2 | Maya | Clerk | 4000.00 | F |
+-----+--------+---------+-------------+---------+--------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

3. Display the ID, name, designation and basic salary of all the employees.

mysql> select ID,Name,Designation,Basic from Emp26;

+-----+---------+-------------+---------+
| ID | Name | Designation | Basic |
+-----+---------+-------------+---------+
| 101 | Ram | Typist | 2000.00 |
| 102 | Arun | Analyst | 6000.00 |
| 114 | Menon | Clerk | 1500.00 |
| 115 | Tim | Clerk | 1500.00 |
| 121 | Ruby | Typist | 2010.00 |
| 123 | Mridula | Analyst | 6000.00 |
| 127 | Kiran | Manager | 4000.00 |
| 156 | Maya | Clerk | 4000.00 |
+-----+---------+-------------+---------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

4. Display ID and name of all the employees from department no.2

mysql> select ID,Name from Emp26 where DeptID='2';

+-----+---------+
| ID | Name |
+-----+---------+
| 102 | Arun |
| 123 | Mridula |
| 127 | Kiran |
| 156 | Maya |
+-----+---------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

5. Display ID, name, designation,deptID and basic, DA, HRA and net salary
of all employees with suitable headings as DA, HRA and NET_SAL
respectively.(DA is 7.5% of basic, and NET_SAL is Basic + DA+ HRA)

mysql>select ID, Name, Designation, DeptID, Basic,(Basic*0.075) AS DA,

(Basic * 0.10) AS HRA,(Basic + (Basic * 0.075) + (Basic * 0.10)) AS NET_SAL
from Emp26;

+-----+---------+-------------+--------+---------+-----------+----------+------------+
| ID | Name | Designation | DeptID | Basic | DA | HRA | NET_SAL |
+-----+---------+-------------+--------+---------+-----------+----------+------------+
| 101 | Ram | Typist | 1 | 2000.00 | 150.00000 | 200.0000 | 2350.00000 |
| 102 | Arun | Analyst | 2 | 6000.00 | 450.00000 | 600.0000 | 7050.00000 |
| 114 | Menon | Clerk | 4 | 1500.00 | 112.50000 | 150.0000 | 1762.50000 |
| 115 | Tim | Clerk | 4 | 1500.00 | 112.50000 | 150.0000 | 1762.50000 |
| 121 | Ruby | Typist | 1 | 2010.00 | 150.75000 | 201.0000 | 2361.75000 |
| 123 | Mridula | Analyst | 2 | 6000.00 | 450.00000 | 600.0000 | 7050.00000 |
| 127 | Kiran | Manager | 2 | 4000.00 | 300.00000 | 400.0000 | 4700.00000 |
| 156 | Mary | Manager | 3 | 4500.00 | 337.50000 | 450.0000 | 5287.50000 |
+-----+---------+-------------+--------+---------+-----------+----------+------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

6. Display ID, name, desig, deptID and basic salary in the descending order
of basic pay.

mysql> select ID, Name, Designation, DeptID, Basic from Emp26 order by
Basic desc;
+-----+---------+-------------+--------+---------+
| ID | Name | Designation | DeptID | Basic |
+-----+---------+-------------+--------+---------+
| 102 | Arun | Analyst | 2 | 6000.00 |
| 123 | Mridula | Analyst | 2 | 6000.00 |
| 156 | Mary | Manager | 3 | 4500.00 |
| 127 | Kiran | Manager | 2 | 4000.00 |
| 156 | Maya | Clerk | 2 | 4000.00 |
| 121 | Ruby | Typist | 1 | 2010.00 |
| 101 | Ram | Typist | 1 | 2000.00 |
| 114 | Menon | Clerk | 4 | 1500.00 |
| 115 | Tim | Clerk | 4 | 1500.00 |
+-----+---------+-------------+--------+---------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
7

7. Display the employees whose designation is TYPIST.

mysql> select * from Emp26 where Designation = 'Typist';

+-----+--------+------+-------------+---------+--------+
| ID | DeptID | Name | Designation | Basic | Gender |
+-----+--------+------+-------------+---------+--------+
| 101 | 1 | Ram | Typist | 2000.00 | M |
| 121 | 1 | Ruby | Typist | 2010.00 | F |
+-----+--------+------+-------------+---------+--------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

8. Display all details of employees whose designation is either ANALYST or

MANAGER.

mysql> select * from Emp26 where Designation='Analyst' or

Designation='Manager';
+-----+--------+---------+-------------+---------+--------+
| ID | DeptID | Name | Designation | Basic | Gender |
+-----+--------+---------+-------------+---------+--------+
| 102 | 2 | Arun | Analyst | 6000.00 | M |
| 123 | 2 | Mridula | Analyst | 6000.00 | F |
| 127 | 2 | Kiran | Manager | 4000.00 | M |
| 156 | 3 | Mary | Manager | 4500.00 | F |
+-----+--------+---------+-------------+---------+--------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

9. Display all designations without duplicate values.

mysql> select distinct Designation from Emp26;

10. Display the ID, name, department and basic of all the employees who are
either MANAGER or CLERK and the basic salary is in the range of 1400 and
4500.

mysql> select ID, Name, DeptID, Basic from Emp26 where Designation in
('Manager', 'Clerk') and Basic between 1400 and 4500;
8

+-----+-------+--------+---------+
| ID | Name | DeptID | Basic |
+-----+-------+--------+---------+
| 114 | Menon | 4 | 1500.00 |
| 115 | Tim | 4 | 1500.00 |
| 127 | Kiran | 2 | 4000.00 |
| 156 | Mary | 3 | 4500.00 |
+-----+-------+--------+---------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

11. Display the number of male staff MEMBER_26s.

mysql> select count(*) as Male_Staff from Emp26 where Gender = 'M';

+------------+
| Male_Staff |
+------------+
| 5 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

12. Find the maximum salary of each designation.

mysql> select Designation, max(Basic) as Max_Salary from Emp26 group by

13. Add a column manager-id into the above table.

alter table Emp26 add Manager_ID varchar(5);

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

14. Update values of manager id of employees as null for 101, 101 for 102,
121, 156. 102 for 123,114,115.121 for 127.

mysql> alter table Emp26 add Manager_ID varchar(5);

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> update Emp26 set manager_id = null where ID = '101';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 0 Warnings: 0
9

mysql> update Emp26 set manager_id = '101' where ID in ('102', '121',

'156');
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 3 Changed: 3 Warnings: 0

mysql> update Emp26 set manager_id = '102' where ID in ('123', '114',

'115');
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 3 Changed: 3 Warnings: 0

mysql> update Emp26 set manager_id = '121' where ID = '127';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

15. Display the manager id of the employee Ram.

mysql> select Manager_ID from Emp26 where Name = 'Ram';

+------------+
| Manager_ID |
+------------+
| NULL |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

16. Display the employee names and their manager name.

mysql> select e.Name as Employee_Name, m.Name as Manager_Name from Emp26 e

left join Emp26 m on e.Manager_ID = m.ID;

17. Find the average salary of each department.

mysql> select DeptID, avg(Basic) as Avg_Salary from Emp26 group by DeptID;

+--------+-------------+
| DeptID | Avg_Salary |
+--------+-------------+
| 1 | 2005.000000 |
| 2 | 5333.333333 |
| 4 | 1500.000000 |
| 3 | 4500.000000 |
+--------+-------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

18. Find the maximum salary given to employees.

mysql> select max(Basic) as Max_Salary from Emp26;
+------------+
| Max_Salary |
+------------+
| 6000.00 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

19. Find the number of employees in each department.

mysql> select DeptID, count(*) as Employee_Count from Emp26 group by
DeptID;
+--------+----------------+
| DeptID | Employee_Count |
+--------+----------------+
| 1 | 2 |
| 2 | 3 |
| 4 | 2 |
| 3 | 1 |
+--------+----------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

20. Find the number of departments existing in the organization.

mysql> select count(distinct DeptID) as Dept_Count from Emp26;

+------------+
| Dept_Count |
+------------+
| 4 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

21. Display the different designations existing in the organisation.

mysql> select distinct Designation from Emp26;
11

22. Display the number of different designations existing in the

organisation.

mysql> select count(distinct Designation) as Designation_Count from Emp26;

+-------------------+
| Designation_Count |
+-------------------+
| 4 |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

23. Display the maximum salary given for female employees.

mysql> select max(Basic) as Max_Female_Salary from Emp26 where Gender =

'F';
+-------------------+
| Max_Female_Salary |
+-------------------+
| 6000.00 |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

24. Display the female typist.

mysql> select * from Emp26 where Designation = 'Typist' and Gender = 'F';
+-----+--------+------+-------------+---------+--------+------------+
| ID | DeptID | Name | Designation | Basic | Gender | Manager_ID |
+-----+--------+------+-------------+---------+--------+------------+
| 121 | 1 | Ruby | Typist | 2010.00 | F | 101 |
+-----+--------+------+-------------+---------+--------+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

25. Display the male clerks getting salary more than 3000.
mysql> select * from Emp26 where Designation = 'Clerk' and Gender = 'M' and
Basic > 3000;

+-----+--------+------+-------------+---------+--------+------------+
12

| ID | DeptID | Name | Designation | Basic | Gender | Manager_ID |

+-----+--------+------+-------------+---------+--------+------------+
| 147 | 2 | Amal | Clerk | 4000.00 | M | 101 |
+-----+--------+------+-------------+---------+--------+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

26. Display the details of managers or analysts working for dept id 2.

mysql> select * from Emp26 where DeptID = '2' and Designation in

('Manager', 'Analyst');

+-----+--------+---------+-------------+---------+--------+------------+
| ID | DeptID | Name | Designation | Basic | Gender | Manager_ID |
+-----+--------+---------+-------------+---------+--------+------------+
| 102 | 2 | Arun | Analyst | 6000.00 | M | 101 |
| 123 | 2 | Mridula | Analyst | 6000.00 | F | 102 |
| 127 | 2 | Kiran | Manager | 4000.00 | M | 121 |
+-----+--------+---------+-------------+---------+--------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

27. Display the designation and salary of Ruby. 28. Add a column joining
date to the above table.

mysql> select Designation, Basic from Emp26 where Name = 'Ruby';

+-------------+---------+
| Designation | Basic |
+-------------+---------+
| Typist | 2010.00 |
+-------------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

28. Add a column joining date to the above table.

mysql> alter table Emp26 add Joining_Date date;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

29. Update appropriate values for the joining date field.

mysql> update Emp26 set Joining_Date = '2022-02-15' where ID = '102';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> update Emp26 set Joining_Date = '2022-03-05' where ID = '114';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> update Emp26 set Joining_Date = '2022-03-20' where ID = '115';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
13

Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> update Emp26 set Joining_Date = '2022-04-10' where ID = '121';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> update Emp26 set Joining_Date = '2022-05-25' where ID = '123';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> update Emp26 set Joining_Date = '2022-06-01' where ID = '127';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> update Emp26 set Joining_Date = '2022-07-15' where ID = '147';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> update Emp26 set Joining_Date = '2022-08-10' where ID = '156';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

30. Display the details of employees according to their seniority

mysql> select * from Emp26 order by Joining_Date;

+-----+--------+---------+-------------+---------+--------+------------+--------------+
| ID | DeptID | Name | Designation | Basic | Gender | Manager_ID | Joining_Date |
+-----+--------+---------+-------------+---------+--------+------------+--------------+
| 101 | 1 | Ram | Typist | 2000.00 | M | NULL | 2022-01-10 |
| 102 | 2 | Arun | Analyst | 6000.00 | M | 101 | 2022-02-15 |
| 114 | 4 | Menon | Clerk | 1500.00 | M | 102 | 2022-03-05 |
| 115 | 4 | Tim | Clerk | 1500.00 | M | 102 | 2022-03-20 |
| 121 | 1 | Ruby | Typist | 2010.00 | F | 101 | 2022-04-10 |
| 123 | 2 | Mridula | Analyst | 6000.00 | F | 102 | 2022-05-25 |
| 127 | 2 | Kiran | Manager | 4000.00 | M | 121 | 2022-06-01 |
| 147 | 2 | Amal | Clerk | 4000.00 | M | 101 | 2022-07-15 |
| 156 | 3 | Mary | Manager | 4500.00 | F | 101 | 2022-08-10 |
+-----+--------+---------+-------------+---------+--------+------------+------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

31. Display the details of employees according to the descending order of

their salaries.

mysql> select * from Emp26 order by Basic desc;

+-----+--------+---------+-------------+---------+--------+------------+--------------+
| ID | DeptID | Name | Designation | Basic | Gender | Manager_ID | Joining_Date |
+-----+--------+---------+-------------+---------+--------+------------+--------------+
| 102 | 2 | Arun | Analyst | 6000.00 | M | 101 | 2022-02-15 |
| 123 | 2 | Mridula | Analyst | 6000.00 | F | 102 | 2022-05-25 |
| 156 | 3 | Mary | Manager | 4500.00 | F | 101 | 2022-08-10 |
| 127 | 2 | Kiran | Manager | 4000.00 | M | 121 | 2022-06-01 |
| 147 | 2 | Amal | Clerk | 4000.00 | M | 101 | 2022-07-15 |
| 121 | 1 | Ruby | Typist | 2010.00 | F | 101 | 2022-04-10 |
| 101 | 1 | Ram | Typist | 2000.00 | M | NULL | 2022-01-10 |
| 114 | 4 | Menon | Clerk | 1500.00 | M | 102 | 2022-03-05 |
| 115 | 4 | Tim | Clerk | 1500.00 | M | 102 | 2022-03-20 |
+-----+--------+---------+-------------+---------+--------+------------+--------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

32. Create a new table DEPARTMENT with fields DEPTID and DNAME. Make DEPTID
as the
primary key.

mysql> create table Dept26 (

->DeptID varchar(2) primary key,
->DName varchar(15)
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> describe Dept26;

33. Make DEPTID in employee table to refer to the DEPARTMENT table.

mysql> alter table Emp26

-> add constraint fk_dept
-> foreign key (DeptID) references Dept26(DeptID);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

34. Insert values into the DEPARTMENT table. Make sure that all the
existing values for DEPTID in emp is inserted into this table. Sample
values are DESIGN,CODING,TESTING,RESEARCH.

mysql> insert into Dept26 (DeptID, DName) values ('1', 'DESIGN'), ('2',
'CODING'), ('3', 'TESTING'), ('4', 'RESEARCH');
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 4 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
15

35. Display the employee name and department name.

mysql> select Emp26.Name as Employee_Name, Dept26.DName as Department_Name

36. Display the department name of employee Arun.

mysql> select Dept26.DName as Department_Name from Emp26 join Dept26 on

Emp26.DeptID = Dept26.DeptID where Emp26.Name = 'Arun';
+-----------------+
| Department_Name |
+-----------------+
| CODING |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

37. Display the salary given by DESIGN department.

mysql> select Emp26.Name, Emp26.Basic as Salary from Emp26 join Dept26 on

Emp26.DeptID = Dept26.DeptID where Dept26.DName = 'DESIGN';
+-------+---------+
| Name | Salary |
+-------+---------+
| Ram | 2000.00 |
| Ruby | 2010.00 |
+-------+---------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

38. Display the details of typist working in DESIGN department.

mysql> select Emp26.ID, Emp26.Name, Emp26.Designation, Emp26.Basic,

Emp26.Gender from Emp26 join Dept26 on Emp26.DeptID = Dept26.DeptID where
Emp26.Designation = 'Typist' and Dept26.DName = 'DESIGN';

+-----+-------+-------------+---------+--------+
16

| ID | Name | Designation | Basic | Gender |

+-----+-------+-------------+---------+--------+
| 101 | Ram | Typist | 2000.00 | M |
| 121 | Ruby | Typist | 2010.00 | F |
+-----+-------+-------------+---------+--------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

39. Display the salary of employees working in RESEARCH department.

mysql> select Emp26.Name, Emp26.Basic as Salary from Emp26 join Dept26 on

Emp26.DeptID = Dept26.DeptID where Dept26.DName = 'RESEARCH';
+-------+---------+
| Name | Salary |
+-------+---------+
| Menon | 1500.00 |
| Tim | 1500.00 |
+-------+---------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

40. List the female employees working in TESTING department.

mysql> select Emp26.ID, Emp26.Name, Emp26.Designation, Emp26.Basic,

41. Display the details of employees not working in CODING or TESTING

department.

mysql> select Emp26.ID, Emp26.Name, Emp26.Designation, Emp26.Basic,

Emp26.Gender, Dept26.DName as Department_Name from Emp26 join Dept26 on
Emp26.DeptID = Dept26.DeptID where Dept26.DName not in ('CODING',
'TESTING');

+-----+-------+-------------+---------+--------+-----------------+
| ID | Name | Designation | Basic | Gender | Department_Name |
+-----+-------+-------------+---------+--------+-----------------+
| 101 | Ram | Typist | 2000.00 | M | DESIGN |
| 121 | Ruby | Typist | 2010.00 | F | DESIGN |
| 156 | Mary | Manager | 4500.00 | F | TESTING |
+-----+-------+-------------+---------+--------+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

42. Display the names of department giving maximum salary.

mysql> select Dept26.DName from Emp26 join Dept26 on Emp26.DeptID =

43. Display the names of departments with minimum number of employees.

mysql> select Dept26.DName

-> from Emp26
-> join Dept26 on Emp26.DeptID = Dept26.DeptID
-> group by Dept26.DName
-> having count(Emp26.ID) = (select min(emp_count) from
(select count(ID) as emp_count from Emp26 group by DeptID) as
dept_counts);
+--------+
| DName |
+--------+
| DESIGN |
+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

44. Display the second maximum salary.

mysql> select distinct Basic from Emp26 order by Basic desc limit 1 offset
1;
+---------+
| Basic |
+---------+
| 2010.00 |
+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

45. Display the second minimum salary

mysql> select distinct Basic

-> from Emp26
-> order by Basic asc
-> limit 1 offset 1;
+---------+
| Basic |
+---------+
| 1500.00 |
+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
18

46. Display the names of employees getting salary greater than the average
salary of their department.

mysql> select Emp26.Name

47. Display the names of employees working under the manager Ram.

mysql> select Emp26.Name

48. Display the deptid and total number of employees as "Number of

Dept_Employees" for only those departments with more than 3 employees.

mysql> select DeptID, count(*) as 'Number of Dept_Employees'

-> from Emp26
-> group by DeptID
-> having count(*) > 3;

+--------+--------------------------+
19

| DeptID | Number of Dept_Employees |

+--------+--------------------------+
| 2 | 4 |
+--------+--------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

49. Display the deptid and minimum salary as "Lowest Salary" for those
departments with minimum salary above 2500.

mysql> select DeptID, min(Basic) as 'Lowest Salary'

-> from Emp26
-> group by DeptID
-> having min(Basic) > 2500;

+--------+---------------+
| DeptID | Lowest Salary |
+--------+---------------+
| 2 | 3000.00 |
+--------+---------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

50. Display the names of employees whose salary is the maximum given by
their department.

mysql> select Emp26.Name

51. Display the names of the employees, if their salary is greater than the
salary of some other Employees.

mysql> select Name

-> from Emp26
-> where Basic > (select min(Basic) from Emp26 where Basic <
Emp26.Basic);

+-------+
20

52. Display the names of the employees, if their salary is greater than the
salary of some other employees or less than the salary of some other
employees.

mysql> select Name

53. Add a column city for employee table.

mysql> alter table Emp26 add column City varchar(15);

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

54. Add a column city for department.

mysql> alter table Dept26 add column City varchar(15);

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

55. Find the names of employees who are from the same city as their
company.

mysql> select Emp26.Name

-> from Emp26
-> join Dept26 on Emp26.DeptID = Dept26.DeptID
-> where Emp26.City = Dept26.City;
+-------+
21

56. Display the names of the departments giving smallest total salary.

mysql> select DName

-> from Dept26
-> where DeptID = (
-> select DeptID
-> from Emp26
-> group by DeptID
-> order by sum(Basic)
-> limit 1
);
+----------+
| DName|
+----------+
| CODING |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

57. Display the names of employees joined during 1990's.

mysql> select Name

-> from Emp26
-> where Joining_Date between '1990-01-01' and '1999-12-31';

58. Display the names of employees joined during the month of August.

mysql> select Name

-> from Emp26
-> where month(Joining_Date) = 8;

+----------+
22

59. Display the details of departments not having any employees (take the
help of exists clause to do this)

60. Display the details of departments having more than 2 employees.

mysql> select Dept26.* from Dept26 join Emp26 on Dept26.DeptID =

61.of employees who are getting salary more than 5000.

mysql> select *
-> from Emp26
-> where Basic > 5000;
+-----+--------+---------+-------------+---------+--------+------------+--------------+
| ID | DeptID | Name | Designation | Basic | Gender | Manager_ID | Joining_Date |
+-----+--------+---------+-------------+---------+--------+------------+--------------+
| 102 | 2 | Arun | Analyst | 6000.00 | M | 101 | 2022-02-15 |
| 123 | 2 | Mridula | Analyst | 6000.00 | F | 102 | 2022-05-25 |
+-----+--------+---------+-------------+---------+--------+------------+--------------+
2 rows in set (0.09 sec)

62. Insert the details of some employees who are not assigned with a
department.(did is null);
23

mysql> insert into Emp26 (ID, DeptID, Name, Designation, Basic, Gender,
Manager_ID, Joining_Date)
-> values (201, NULL, 'John', 'Typist', 2500.00, 'M', NULL, '2024-09-
10'),(202, NULL, 'Sarah', 'Clerk', 2700.00, 'F', NULL, '2024-09-15');
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec)

63. Display the names of employees and their department ids. If an employee
is not assigned with a department, display his name with department id as
“null”.

mysql> select Name, ifnull(DeptID, 'null') as DeptID

-> from Emp26;
+-----------+--------+
| Name | DeptID |
+-----------+--------+
| Ram | 1 |
| Arun | 2 |
| Ruby | 1 |
| Mridula | 2 |
| Menon | 4 |
| Tim | 4 |
| Kiran | 2 |
| Amal | 2 |
| Mary | 3 |
| John | null |
| Sarah | null |
+----------+---------+
11 rows in set (0.00 sec)

64. Display the names of employees and their department ids. If an employee
is not assigned with a department, display his name with department id as
0.

mysql> select Name, ifnull(DeptID, 0) as DeptID from Emp26;

+-----------+--------+
| Name | DeptID |
+-----------+--------+
| Ram | 1 |
| Arun | 2 |
| Ruby | 1 |
| Mridula | 2 |
| Menon | 4 |
| Tim | 4 |
| Kiran | 2 |
| Amal | 2 |
| Mary | 3 |
| John | 0 |
| Sarah | 0 |
+----------+---------+
11 rows in set (0.00 sec)
24

Result:

Queries are executed successfully and output obtained.

CYCLE- 2

BOOK TABLE
26

The requirement: A library wants to maintain the record of books,

MEMBER_26s, book issue, book return, and fines collected for late returns,
in a database. The database can be loaded with book information. Students
can register with the library to be a MEMBER_26. Books can be issued to
students with a valid library MEMBER_26ship. A student can keep an issued
book -with him/her for a maximum period of two weeks from the date of
issue, beyond which a fine will be charged. Fine is calculated based on the
delay in days of return. For 0-7 days: Rs 10, For 7 – 30 days: Rs 100, and
for days above 30 days: Rs 10 will be charged per day.

Sample Database Design

BOOK (Book_Id, Title, Language_Id, MRP, Publisher_Id, Published_Date,
Volume, Status)
Language_Id, Publisher_Id are FK (Foreign Key)
AUTHOR(Author_Id, Name, Email, Phone_Number, Status)
BOOK_AUTHOR(Book_Id, Author_Id) // many-to-many relationship, both columns
are PKFK (Primary Key and Foreign Key)
PUBLISHER(Publisher_id, Name, Address)
MEMBER(Member_Id, Name, Branch_Code, Roll_Number, Phone_Number, Email_Id,
Date_of_Join, Status)
BOOK_ISSUE(Issue_Id, Date_Of_Issue, Book_Id, MEMBER_26_Id,
Expected_Date_Of_Return, Status) Book_Id and MEMBER_26_Id are FKs
BOOK_RETURN(Issue_Id, Actual_Date_Of_Return, LateDays, LateFee) // Issue_Id
is PK and FK
LANGUAGE(Language_id, Name) //Static Table for storing permanent data
LATE_FEE_RULE_26(FromDays, ToDays, Amount) // Composite Key

EXERCISES

1. Create a normalized database design with proper tables, columns, column

types and constraints.

BOOK Table:
Book_Id (Primary Key, int)
Title (varchar)
Language_Id (Foreign Key, int)
MRP (decimal)
Publisher_Id (Foreign Key, int)
Published_Date (date)
Volume (int)
Status (varchar)

AUTHOR Table:
Author_Id (Primary Key, int)
Name (varchar)
Email (varchar)
Phone_Number (varchar)
Status (varchar)
BOOK_AUTHOR Table:
27

Book_Id (Foreign Key, int)

Author_Id (Foreign Key, int)
(Composite Primary Key)

PUBLISHER Table:
Publisher_Id (Primary Key, int)
Name (varchar)
Address (varchar)

MEMBER Table:
Member_Id (Primary Key, int)
Name (varchar)
Branch_Code (varchar)
Roll_Number (varchar)
Phone_Number (varchar)
Email_Id (varchar)
Date_of_Join (date)
Status (varchar)

BOOK_ISSUE Table:
Issue_Id (Primary Key, int)
Date_Of_Issue (date)
Book_Id (Foreign Key, int)
Member_Id (Foreign Key, int)
Expected_Date_Of_Return (date)
Status (varchar)

BOOK_RETURN Table:
Issue_Id (Primary Key and Foreign Key, int)
Actual_Date_Of_Return (date)
LateDays (int)
LateFee (decimal)

LANGUAGE Table:
Language_Id (Primary Key, int)
Name (varchar)

LATE_FEE_RULE_26 Table:
FromDays (Part of Composite Primary Key, int)
ToDays (Part of Composite Primary Key, int)
Amount (decimal)
28

2. Create an ER diagram for the above database design.

3. Create an ER diagram for this specification and then convert the ER

diagram into relational model

BOOK
Book_ID Title Language_ID MRP Publisher_ID Published_Date Volume Status

LANGUAGE
Language_ID Name
29

BOOK_AUTHOR
Book_ID Author_ID

BOOK_ISSUE
Issue_ID Date_of_Issue Book_ID Member_ID Expected_Date_of_Return Status

PUBLISHER
Publisher_ID Name Address

AUTHOR
Author_ID Name Email Phone_Number Status

MEMBER
Member_ID Name Branch_Code Roll_No Phone_Number Email Date_of_Join Status

BOOK_RETURN
Issue_ID Actual_Date_of_Return LateDays LateFee

LATE_FEE_RULE_26
FromDays ToDays Amount

3. Write SQL commands to

a. Create DDL statements and create the tables and constraints (from the
design)

mysql> create table LANGUAGE_26(Language_Id int primary key,Name

varchar(255) not null,Address varchar(255) not null);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.56 sec)

mysql> create table PUBLISHER_26(Publisher_Id int primary key, Name

varchar(255) not null,Address varchar(255) not null);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.51 sec)
mysql> create table AUTHOR_26(Author_Id int primary key, Name varchar(255)
not null,Email varchar(255),Phone_Number varchar(20),Status varchar(50) not
null);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.98 sec)

mysql> create table BOOK_26(Book_Id int primary key,Title varchar(255) not

null,Language_Idint,MRP
decimal(10,2),Publisher_Idint,Published_Datedate,Volumeint,Status
varchar(50) not null, FOREIGN KEY(Language_Id) REFERENCES
LANGUAGE_26(Language_Id),FOREIGN KEY(Publisher_Id)REFERENCES
30

PUBLISHER_26(Publisher_Id));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (1.83 sec)

mysql> create table BOOK_AUTHOR_26(Book_Idint,Author_Idint,PRIMARY

KEY(Book_Id,Author_Id),FOREIGN KEY(Book_Id) REFERENCES
BOOK_26(Book_Id),FOREIGN KEY(Author_Id) REFERENCES AUTHOR_26(Author_Id));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.71 sec)

mysql> create table MEMBER_26(Member_Id int primary key,Name varchar(255)

not null,Branch_Code varchar(20) not null,Roll_Number varchar(20) not
null,Phone_Number varchar(20),Email_Id varchar(255),Date_of_Joindate,Status
varchar(50) not null);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.60 sec)

mysql> create table BOOK_ISSUE_26(Issue_Id int primary

key,Date_of_Issuedate,Book_Idint,Member_Idint,Expected_Date_of_Returndate,S
tatus varchar(50) not null,FOREIGN KEY(Book_Id) REFERENCES
BOOK_26(Book_Id),FOREIGN KEY(Member_Id)REFERENCES MEMBER_26(Member_Id));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.71 sec)

mysql> create table BOOK_RETURN_26(Issue_Id int primary

key,Actual_Date_of_Returndate,LateDaysint,LateFee decimal(10,2),FOREIGN
KEY(Issue_Id) REFERENCES BOOK_ISSUE_26(Issue_Id));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.65 sec)
mysql> create table LATE_FEE_RULE_26(FromDaysint,ToDaysint,Amount
decimal(10,2),primary key(FromDays,ToDays));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.58 sec)

mysql> show tables;

mysql> INSERT INTO LANGUAGE_26(Language_Id, Name) VALUES

-> (1, 'English'), (2, 'French'), (3, 'Tamil'), (4, 'Hindi'),(5,
'Malayalam');
Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.08 sec)
31

Records: 5 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from LANGUAGE_26;

+-------------+-----------+
| Language_Id | Name |
+-------------+-----------+
| 1 | English |
| 2 | French |
| 3 | Tamil |
| 4 | Hindi |
| 5 | Malayalam |
+-------------+-----------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO PUBLISHER_26(Publisher_Id, Name, Address) VALUES (1,

'Shueisha', 'Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan'), (2, 'Bantam Spectra (US), Voyager
Books (UK)', '195 Broadway, New York City, New York, U.S.'), (3, 'Current
Books', 'Thrissur, Kerala, India'), (4, 'Penguin Books (English), Green
Books (Malayalam)', 'Trivandrum, Kerala, India'), (5, 'DC Books',
'Kottayam, Kerala, India'), (6, 'Vanathi Pathippagam', 'Chennai, Tamil
Nadu, India'), (7, 'Rupa Publications Pvt. Ltd', 'Bangalore,Karnataka,
India');
Query OK, 7 rows affected (0.08 sec)
Records: 7 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from PUBLISHER_26;

mysql> INSERT INTO AUTHOR_26(Author_Id, Name, Email, Phone_Number, Status)

-> VALUES
-> (1, 'Sir Arthur Conan Doyle', '[email protected]',
'1234567890', 'Active'),
-> (2, 'George R. R. Martin', '[email protected]',
'0987654321', 'Active'),
-> (3, 'M. T. Vasudevan Nair', '[email protected]',
'1122334455', 'Active'),
-> (4, 'Benyamin', '[email protected]', '2233445566', 'Active'),
-> (5, 'Akhil Pi Dharmajan', '[email protected]', '3344556677',
'Active'),
-> (6, 'Kalki Krishnamurthy', '[email protected]', '4455667788',
'Inactive'),
-> (7, 'Chetan Bhagat', '[email protected]', '5566778899',
'Active');
32

Query OK, 7 rows affected (0.11 sec)

Records: 7 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from AUTHOR_26;

mysql> INSERT INTO BOOK_26 (Book_Id, Title, Language_Id, MRP, Publisher_Id,

Published_Date, Volume, Status)
-> VALUES
-> (1, 'Sherlock Holmes', 1, 500.00, 1, '1892-01-01', 1, 'Available'),
-> (2, 'GOT (VOL 1&2)', 1, 1000.00, 2, '1996-08-06', 2, 'Available'),
-> (3, 'Randamoozham', 1, 300.00, 3, '1984-01-01', 1, 'Available'),
-> (4, 'Aadujeevitham', 1, 350.00, 4, '2008-01-01', 1, 'Available'),
-> (5, 'RAM C/O ANANDHI', 1, 250.00, 5, '2019-01-01', 1, 'Available'),
-> (6, 'Ponniyin Selvan (VOL 1&2)', 1, 600.00, 6, '1950-01-01', 2,
'Available'),
-> (7, '2 States: The Story of My Marriage', 1, 200.00, 7, '2009-10-
01', 1, 'Available'),
-> (8, 'Half Girlfriend', 1, 150.00, 7, '2014-10-01', 1, 'Available');
Query OK, 8 rows affected (0.12 sec)
Records: 8 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from BOOK_26;

+---------+------------------------------------+-------------+---------+--------------+----------------+--------+-----------+
| Book_Id | Title | Language_Id | MRP | Publisher_Id | Published_Date | Volume | Status |
+---------+------------------------------------+-------------+---------+--------------+----------------+--------+-----------+
| 1 | Sherlock Holmes | 1 | 500.00 | 1 | 1892-01-01 | 1 | Available |
| 2 | GOT (VOL 1&2) | 1 | 1000.00 | 2 | 1996-08-06 | 2 | Available |
| 3 | Randamoozham | 1 | 300.00 | 3 | 1984-01-01 | 1 | Available |
| 4 | Aadujeevitham | 1 | 350.00 | 4 | 2008-01-01 | 1 | Available |
| 5 | RAM C/O ANANDHI | 1 | 250.00 | 5 | 2019-01-01 | 1 | Available |
| 6 | Ponniyin Selvan (VOL 1&2) | 1 | 600.00 | 6 | 1950-01-01 | 2 | Available |
| 7 | 2 States: The Story of My Marriage | 1 | 200.00 | 7 | 2009-10-01 | 1 | Available |
| 8 | Half Girlfriend | 1 | 150.00 | 7 | 2014-10-01 | 1 | Available |
+---------+------------------------------------+-------------+---------+--------------+----------------+--------+-----------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> insert into BOOK_AUTHOR_26(Book_Id,Author_Id) values(1,1),(2,2),

(3,3),(4,4),(5,5),(6,6),(7,7),(8,7);
Query OK, 8 rows affected (0.08 sec)
Records: 8 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from BOOK_AUTHOR_26;

+---------+-----------+
| Book_Id | Author_Id |
+---------+-----------+
| 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 2 |
| 3 | 3 |
| 4 | 4 |
| 5 | 5 |
| 6 | 6 |
| 7 | 7 |
| 8 | 7 |
+---------+-----------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO MEMBER_26(Member_Id, Name, Branch_Code, Roll_Number,

Phone_Number, Email_Id, Date_of_Join, Status) VALUES
(3,'Arun','ME','13426','9847234563','[email protected]','2023-09-
05','Active'),
(4,'Avani','EEE','13429','8606543432','[email protected]','2024-01-
06','Active');
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.73 sec)
Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from MEMBER_26;

+-----------+-------+-------------+-------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------+--------+
| MEMBER_26_Id | Name | Branch_Code | Roll_Number | Phone_Number | Email_Id | Date_of_Join | Status |
+-----------+-------+-------------+-------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------+--------+
| 1 | Raju | CS | 12345 | 9876543210 | [email protected] | 2023-01-01 | Active |
| 2 | Kavya | IT | 67890 | 8765432109 | [email protected] | 2023-02-01 | Active |
| 3 | Arun | ME | 13426 | 9847234563 | [email protected] | 2023-09-05 | Active |
| 4 | Avani | EEE | 13429 | 8606543432 | [email protected] | 2024-01-06 | Active |
+-----------+-------+-------------+-------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------+--------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO BOOK_ISSUE_26(Issue_Id, Date_Of_Issue, Book_Id,

MEMBER_26_Id, Expected_Date_Of_Return, Status) VALUES (1, '2023-09-01', 1,
1, '2023-09-15', 'Issued'),(2, '2023-09-05', 2, 2, '2023-09-19', 'Issued'),
(3, '2023-03-21', 5, 3, '2023-04-06', 'Issued');
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.20 sec)
Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from BOOK_ISSUE_26;

+----------+---------------+---------+-----------+-------------------------+--------+
| Issue_Id | Date_of_Issue | Book_Id | MEMBER_26_Id | Expected_Date_of_Return | Status |
+----------+---------------+---------+-----------+-------------------------+--------+
| 1 | 2023-09-01 | 1 | 1 | 2023-09-15 | Issued |
| 2 | 2023-09-05 | 2 | 2 | 2023-09-19 | Issued |
| 3 | 2023-03-21 | 5 | 3 | 2023-04-06 | Issued |
+----------+---------------+---------+-----------+-------------------------+--------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO BOOK_RETURN_26 (Issue_Id, Actual_Date_Of_Return,

LateDays, LateFee)
-> VALUES (1, '2023-09-17', 2, 10.00), (2, '2023-10-01', 12, 100.00);
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.20 sec)
34

Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from BOOK_RETURN_26;

+----------+-----------------------+----------+---------+
| Issue_Id | Actual_Date_of_Return | LateDays | LateFee |
+----------+-----------------------+----------+---------+
| 1 | 2023-09-17 | 2 | 10.00 |
| 2 | 2023-10-01 | 12 | 100.00 |
+----------+-----------------------+----------+---------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO LATE_FEE_RULE_26(FromDays, ToDays, Amount) VALUES (0,

7, 10.00), (8, 30, 100.00), (31, 999, 10.00);
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.10 sec)
Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from LATE_FEE_RULE_26;

+----------+--------+--------+
| FromDays | ToDays | Amount |
+----------+--------+--------+
| 0 | 7 | 10.00 |
| 8 | 30 | 100.00 |
| 31 | 999 | 10.00 |
+----------+--------+--------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

b. Create and execute DROP TABLE command in tables with and without FOREIGN
KEY constraints.

mysql> DROP TABLE IF EXISTS BOOK_RETURN_26;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> DROP TABLE IF EXISTS BOOK_ISSUE_26;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> DROP TABLE IF EXISTS BOOK_AUTHOR_26;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> DROP TABLE IF EXISTS AUTHOR_26;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> DROP TABLE IF EXISTS BOOK_26;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> DROP TABLE IF EXISTS LANGUAGE_26;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> DROP TABLE IF EXISTS PUBLISHER_26;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> DROP TABLE IF EXISTS MEMBER_26;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> DROP TABLE IF EXISTS LATE_FEE_RULE_26;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
35

c. Create and execute ALTER TABLE command in tables with data and without
data.

mysql> ALTER TABLE MEMBER_26 ADD COLUMN Remarks VARCHAR(255);

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql>
mysql> ALTER TABLE MEMBER_26 ADD COLUMN Remark VARCHAR(255);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

4. Based on the above relational database design, Write SQL Query to

retrieve the following
information
a. Get the number of books written by a given author

mysql> SELECT (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM BOOK_AUTHOR_26 WHERE Author_Id =

a.Author_Id) AS Number_of_Books FROM AUTHOR_26 a WHERE a.Name = 'Benyamin';
+-----------------+
| Number_of_Books |
+-----------------+
| 1 |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

b. Get the list of publishers and the number of books published by each
publisher

mysql> SELECT p.Name AS Publisher, (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM BOOK_26 WHERE

Publisher_Id = p.Publisher_Id) AS Number_of_Books FROM PUBLISHER_26 p;
+--------------------------------------------------+-----------------+
| Publisher | Number_of_Books |
+--------------------------------------------------+-----------------+
| Shueisha | 1 |
| Bantam Spectra (US), Voyager Books (UK) | 1 |
| Current Books | 1 |
| Penguin Books (English), Green Books (Malayalam) | 1 |
| DC Books | 1 |
| Vanathi Pathippagam | 1 |
| Rupa Publications Pvt. Ltd | 2 |
+--------------------------------------------------+-----------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

c. Get the list of books that are issued but not returned

mysql> SELECT Title FROM BOOK_26 WHERE Book_Id IN (SELECT Book_Id FROM
BOOK_ISSUE_26 WHERE Status = 'Issued');
36

d. Get the list of students who reads only ‘Malayalam’ books.

mysql> SELECT Name FROM MEMBER_26 WHERE MEMBER_26_Id NOT IN ( SELECT

MEMBER_26_Id FROM BOOK_ISSUE_26 WHERE Book_Id NOT IN ( SELECT Book_Id FROM
BOOK_26 WHERE Language_Id = (SELECT Language_Id FROM LANGUAGE_26 WHERE Name
= 'Malayalam')));

+-------+
| Name |
+-------+
| Avani |
+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

e. Get the total fine collected for the current month and current quarter.
mysql> SELECT COALESCE(SUM(LateFee),0) AS TotalFine FROM BOOK_RETURN_26
WHERE MONTH(Actual_Date_of_Return) = MONTH(CURDATE()) AND
YEAR(Actual_Date_of_Return) = YEAR(CURDATE());
+-----------+
| TotalFine |
+-----------+
| 0.00 |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> SELECT COALESCE(SUM(LateFee),0) AS TotalFine FROM BOOK_RETURN_26

WHERE QUARTER(Actual_Date_of_Return) = QUARTER(CURDATE()) AND
YEAR(Actual_Date_of_Return) = YEAR(CURDATE());
+-----------+
| TotalFine |
+-----------+
| 0.00 |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

f. Get the list of students who have overdue (not returned the books even
on due date)

mysql> SELECT Name FROM MEMBER_26 WHERE MEMBER_26_Id IN(SELECT

MEMBER_26_Id FROM BOOK_ISSUE_26 WHERE Expected_Date_of_Return< CURDATE()
37

AND Status = 'Issued');

g. Calculate the fine (as of today) to be collected from each overdue book.
mysql> SELECT Issue_Id, DATEDIFF(CURDATE(), Expected_Date_of_Return) *
(SELECT Amount FROM LATE_FEE_RULE_26 WHERE FromDays<= DATEDIFF(CURDATE(),
Expected_Date_of_Return) AND ToDays>= DATEDIFF(CURDATE(),
Expected_Date_of_Return)) AS Fine FROM BOOK_ISSUE_26 WHERE
Expected_Date_of_Return< CURDATE() AND Status = 'Issued';
+----------+---------+
| Issue_Id | Fine |
+----------+---------+
| 1 | 3770.00 |
| 2 | 3730.00 |
| 3 | 5390.00 |
+----------+---------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

h. MEMBER_26s who joined after Jan 1 2021 but has not taken any books

mysql> SELECT Name FROM MEMBER_26 WHERE Date_of_Join> '2021-01-01' AND

MEMBER_26_Id NOT IN (SELECT MEMBER_26_Id FROM BOOK_ISSUE_26);
+-------+
| Name |
+-------+
| Avani |
+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Result:

Queries are executed successfully and output obtained.

CYCLE-3

PL/SQL PRACTICE QUESTIONS

1. Write a PL/SQL block to read two numbers and find the greatest among
them.

mysql> DELIMITER //
mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE MAX (A INT,B INT)
-> BEGIN
-> IF (A>B) THEN
-> SELECT A;
-> ELSE
-> SELECT B;
-> END IF;
-> END;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.13 sec)
mysql> CALL MAX (9,0);//
+------+
| A |
+------+
| 9 |
+------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)

2. Write a PL/SQL block to read three numbers and find the greatest among
them.

mysql> DELIMITER //
mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE MAX3 (A INT,B INT, C INT)
-> BEGIN
-> IF (A>B) AND (A>C) THEN
-> SELECT A;
-> ELSEIF (B>A) AND (B>C) THEN
-> SELECT B;
-> ELSE
-> SELECT C;
-> END IF;
-> END;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec)
mysql> CALL MAX3 (12,34,23);//
+------+
| B |
+------+
| 34 |
+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

3. Write a PL/SQL block to read two numbers and print all the numbers
between them.
mysql> DELIMITER //
mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE NUMRANGE(A INT,B INT)
40

-> BEGIN
-> DECLARE I INT;
-> SET I=A;
-> WHILE I<B DO
-> SELECT I+1 AS NUMBER;
-> SET I=I+1;
-> END WHILE;
-> END;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.16 sec)

mysql> CALL NUMRANGE(1,7);//

+--------+
| NUMBER |
+--------+
| 2 |
+--------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
+--------+
| NUMBER |
+--------+
| 3 |
+--------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
+--------+
| NUMBER |
+--------+
| 4 |
+--------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
+--------+
| NUMBER |
+--------+
| 5 |
+--------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
+--------+
| NUMBER |
+--------+
| 6 |
+--------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
+--------+
| NUMBER |
+--------+
| 7 |
+--------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

4. Write a PL/SQL block to read N and find the sum of the series 1+2+3 +...
41

mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE SUMOFN(N INT)

mysql> BEGIN
mysql> DECLARE I INT;
mysql> DECLARE SUM INT;
mysql> SET SUM=0;
mysql> SET I=1;
mysql> WHILE I<=N DO SET SUM=SUM+I;
mysql> SET I=I+1;
mysql> END WHILE;
mysql> SELECT SUM AS SUM;
mysql> END;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec)
mysql> CALL SUMOFN (10);//
+------+
| SUM |
+------+
| 55 |
+------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

5.Write a PL/SQL block to read a marks and display the grade.

mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE MARKGRADE (MARK INT)

-> BEGIN
-> DECLARE GRADE VARCHAR(2);
-> IF MARK>=90 THEN
-> SET GRADE='A';
-> ELSEIF MARK>80 THEN
-> SET GRADE='B';
-> ELSEIF MARK>70 THEN
-> SET GRADE='C';
-> ELSEIF MARK>60 THEN
-> SET GRADE='D';
-> ELSE
-> SET GRADE='F';
-> END IF;
-> SELECT GRADE;
-> END;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.20 sec)
mysql> CALL MARKGRADE (78);//
+-------+
| GRADE |
+-------+
| C |
+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
42

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

6. Write a PL/SQL block to read a number and invert the given number.

mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE INVERT_NUMBER (NUM INT)

-> BEGIN
->DECLARE REVNUM INT DEFAULT 0;
->DECLARE REM INT;
->WHILE NUM!= 0 DO
->SET REM=NUM%10;
->SET REVNUM=REVNUM*10+REM;
->SET NUM=NUM/10;
->END WHILE;
->SELECT REVNUM AS 'Reversed Number';
-> END;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.18 sec)

mysql> CALL INVERT_NUMBER (2314);//

+-----------------+
| Reversed Number |
+-----------------+
| 4132 |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Create a Table: EMPLOYEE: (ID, NAME, SALARY, DEPNO, BDATE)

Then do the following questions

7. Create a procedure to display Welcome to PL/SQL

mysql> DELIMITER //
mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE welcom_msg ()
-> BEGIN
-> SELECT 'Welcome to PL/SQL' AS Message;
-> END;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.19 sec)

mysql> CALL welcom_msg ();//

+-------------------+
| Message |
+-------------------+
| Welcome to PL/SQL |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

8. Write a PL/SQL block to read ID of an employee and display his salary.

mysql> DELIMITER //
mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE ID_Salary (EmpID INT)
-> BEGIN
-> DECLARE Emp_Salary DECIMAL(10,2);
-> SELECT Basic INTO Emp_Salary FROM Emp26 WHERE ID=EmpID;
-> IF Emp_Salary IS NULL THEN
-> SELECT 'Employee not found';
-> ELSE
-> SELECT Emp_Salary AS Salary;
-> END IF;
-> END;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.16 sec)
mysql> CALL ID_Salary (127);//
+---------+
| Salary |
+---------+
| 4000.00 |
+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

9. Write a PL/SQL block to read ID of an employee and display his name and
birthdate.
mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE ID_BDAY (Emp_ID INT)
-> BEGIN
-> SELECT Name, BDate FROM Emp26 WHERE ID=Emp_ID;
-> END;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.18 sec)
mysql> CALL ID_BDAY (108);//
+-------+------------+
| Name | BDate |
+-------+------------+
| Vivek | 2004-02-13 |
+-------+------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

10. Write a PL/SQL block to read ID of an employee and display his month of
birth.

mysql> DELIMITER //
mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE MONTH(Emp_ID INT)
-> BEGIN
-> SELECT DATE_FORMAT(BDate, '%M') AS Birth_Month FROM Emp26 WHERE
ID=Emp_ID;
-> END;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec)
44

mysql> CALL MONTH(132);//

+-------------+
| Birth_Month |
+-------------+
| March |
+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

11. Write a PL/SQL block to read IDs of two employees and display the
difference in salary
between them.
mysql> DELIMITER //
mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE SALARYDIFF (Emp_ID1 INT, Emp_ID2 INT)
-> BEGIN
-> SELECT (e1.Basic - e2.Basic) AS Salary_Difference FROM Emp26 e1,
Emp26 e2 WHERE e1.ID=Emp_ID1 AND e2.ID=Emp_ID2;
-> END;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.13 sec)

mysql> CALL SALARYDIFF (123,121);//

+-------------------+
| Salary_Difference |
+-------------------+
| 3990.00 |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

12. Create a cursor to display the highest 10 salaries of the employee

table.

mysql> DELIMITER
mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE TOPSAL ()
-> BEGIN
-> DECLARE done INT DEFAULT 0;
-> DECLARE emp_salary DECIMAL(10,2);
-> DECLARE cur CURSOR FOR
-> SELECT Basic FROM Emp26 ORDER BY Basic DESC LIMIT 10;
-> DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done=1;
-> OPEN cur;
->read_loop
-> : LOOP
-> FETCH cur INTO emp_salary;
-> IF done THEN
-> LEAVE read_loop;
-> END IF;
45

-> SELECT emp_salary;

-> END LOOP;
-> CLOSE cur;
-> END;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.13 sec)

mysql> CALL TOPSAL ();//

+------------+
| emp_salary |
+------------+
| 6000.00 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

+------------+
| emp_salary |
+------------+
| 4500.00 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

+------------+
| emp_salary |
+------------+
| 4000.00 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

+------------+
| emp_salary |
+------------+
| 2010.00 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
46

+------------+
| emp_salary |
+------------+
| 2000.00 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
+------------+
| emp_salary |
+------------+
| 2000.00 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
+------------+
| emp_salary |
+------------+
| 2000.00 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
+------------+
| emp_salary |
+------------+
| 1500.00 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

13. Create a procedure to accept the dno and display the id, name and
salary of all the
employees working in that department. Execute this procedure and show the
result.

mysql> DELIMITER //
mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE GETDEPT (dept_no INT)
-> BEGIN
-> SELECT ID,Name,Basic
-> FROM Emp26
-> WHERE DeptID=dept_no; END;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.13 sec)
mysql> CALL GETDEPT (3);//
+-----+--------+---------+
| ID | Name | Basic |
+-----+--------+---------+
| 131 | Raju | 2000.00 |
| 132 | Aleena | 1500.00 |
| 156 | Mary | 4500.00 |
| 201 | Nithin | 6000.00 |
+-----+--------+---------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
47

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

14. Create a function to accept the id of an employee and return his

salary.

mysql> CREATE FUNCTION get_sal(emp_id INT)

-> RETURNS DECIMAL(10,2)
-> DETERMINISTIC
-> BEGIN
-> DECLARE emp_salary DECIMAL(10,2);
-> SELECT Basic INTO emp_salary FROM Emp26 WHERE ID=emp_id;
-> RETURN emp_salary;
-> END;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec)
mysql> SELECT get_sal(156);//
+--------------+
| get_sal(156) |
+--------------+
| 4500.00 |
+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

15. Create a trigger to maintain an audit trail for employee table. When
insert, update or delete is
performed on employee table insert a row into emp_trail table with value
specifying the operation and
date of operation.

mysql> delimiter //
mysql> create trigger trail_audit_insert after insert on Emp26 for each row
-> begin
-> insert into emp_trail(operation,date) values
('insert',current_date());
-> end; //
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.16 sec)

mysql> delimiter //
mysql> create trigger trail_audit_update after update on Emp26 for each row
-> begin
-> insert into emp_trail (operation,date) values
('update',current_date());
-> end;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.18 sec)

mysql> delimiter //
mysql> create trigger trail_audit_delete after delete on Emp26 for each row
-> begin
-> insert into emp_trail(operation,date) values
('delete',current_date());
48

-> end; //

mysql> delimiter //
mysql> create trigger trail_audit_delete after delete on Emp26 for each row
-> begin
-> insert into emp_trail(operation,date) values
('delete',current_date());
-> end; //
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.24 sec)

mysql> create table emp_trail(operation varchar(20) not null,date date);

-> //
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.57 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO Emp26 VALUES ('165', '1', 'Ansif', 'Clerk', 2000, 'M',
NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);//
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.08 sec)

mysql> UPDATE Emp26 SET city='Kannur' WHERE ID='156';//

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.14 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> DELETE FROM Emp26 WHERE ID='102';//

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.14 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM EmpTrail;//

+-----------+---------------------+
| operation | date |
+-----------+---------------------+
| INSERT | 2024-10-24 |
| UPDATE | 2024-10-24 |
| DELETE | 2024-10-24 |
+-----------+---------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

16. Create a trigger to maintain an audit trail for employee table for
tracking salary modifications. When salary is updates, insert into
emp_sal_trail table a row with values of employee id, name, salary before
modification, salary after modification and date of modification

mysql> CREATE TABLE EmpSalTrail (

->TrailId INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
->EmpId VARCHAR(5),
-> Name VARCHAR(15),
->SalBefore DECIMAL(10, 2),
->SalAfter DECIMAL(10, 2),
->ModifyDate DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP);//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.65 sec)

mysql> CREATE TRIGGER EMPSALUPDATE

-> AFTER UPDATE ON Emp26

-> FOR EACH ROW
-> BEGIN
-> IF OLD.Basic<>NEW.Basic THEN
-> INSERT INTO EmpSalTrail (EmpId, Name, SalBefore, SalAfter)
-> VALUES (NEW.ID, NEW.Name, OLD.Basic, NEW.Basic);
-> END IF;
-> END;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.18 sec)

mysql> UPDATE Emp26 SET Basic=3000 WHERE ID='121';//

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.10 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> SELECT * FROM EmpSalTrail;//

+---------+-------+------+-----------+----------+---------------------+
| TrailId | EmpId | Name | SalBefore | SalAfter | ModifyDate |
+---------+-------+------+-----------+----------+---------------------+
| 1 | 121 | Ruby | 2010.00 | 3000.00 | 2024-10-24 11:17:32 |
+---------+-------+------+-----------+----------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

17. Create a trigger to prevent salary modification of an employee, if

salary after modification is less than the salary before modification.

mysql> delimiter //
mysql> create trigger p_sal before update on Emp26 for each row
-> begin
-> if(new.Basic<old.Basic) then signal sqlstate '45000'
-> set message_text='cannot decrease salary';
-> end if;
-> end;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.20 sec)

mysql> update Emp26 set Basic=3300 where ID='123';//

ERROR 1644 (45000): cannot decrease salary

18. Create a trigger to prevent salary modification of an employee on

Monday.

mysql> CREATE TRIGGER prevent_salary_update_on_monday

-> BEFORE UPDATE ON Emp26
-> FOR EACH ROW
-> BEGIN
-> IF DAYOFWEEK(CURDATE()) = 2 THEN
-> SIGNAL SQLSTATE '45000' SET MESSAGE_TEXT = 'Salary modification is
not allowed on Monday!';
-> END IF;
-> END;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.17 sec)
50

mysql> update Emp26 set Basic=6500 where ID='121';//

ERROR 1644 (45000): Salary modification is not allowed on Monday!

19.Assume a table Department with columns DeptNo and Total_Sal. Total_Sal

maintains the total salary given by that department. Create triggers on
employee table for maintaining Total_Sal in Department table

mysql> DELIMITER //
mysql> CREATE TRIGGER update_on_total_sal
-> AFTER UPDATE ON Emp26
-> FOR EACH ROW
-> BEGIN
-> UPDATE Dept
-> SET total_sal = total_sal + (NEW.basic - OLD.basic)
-> WHERE DeptID = NEW.DeptID;
-> END;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.22 sec)

mysql> DELIMITER //
mysql> CREATE TRIGGER update_on_insert_total_sal
-> AFTER INSERT ON Emp26
-> FOR EACH ROW
-> BEGIN
-> UPDATE Dept
-> SET total_sal = total_sal + NEW.Basic
-> WHERE DeptID = NEW.DeptID;
-> END;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.18 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO Emp26 (ID, DeptID, Name, Designation, Basic, Gender,
ManagerID, Join_date, City, BDate,total_sal) VALUES ('133', '4', 'Amal',
'Clerk', 4500, 'M', '156', '2022-01-23', 'Kannur', '2000-01-15',0);//
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.15 sec)

mysql> UPDATE Emp26 set Basic=6500 WHERE ID='121';//

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from Dept;//

+--------+----------+-----------+
| DeptID | Name | total_sal |
+--------+----------+-----------+
| 1 | Design | 15000.00 |
| 2 | Coding | 23000.00 |
| 3 | Testing | 12000.00 |
| 4 | Research | 18000.00 |
| 5 | HR | 14000.00 |
+--------+----------+-----------+
51

5 rows in set (0.01 sec)

20. Book return should insert an entry into the Book_Return table and also
update the status in Book_Issue table as ‘Returned’. (stored procedure).

mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE return_book (

-> p_issue_id INT,
-> p_actual_return_date DATE,
-> p_late_days INT,
-> p_late_fee DECIMAL(10,2)
-> )
-> BEGIN
-> INSERT INTO BOOK_RETURN_26 (Issue_Id, Actual_Date_of_Return,
LateDays, LateFee)
-> VALUES (p_issue_id, p_actual_return_date, p_late_days,
p_late_fee);
-> UPDATE BOOK_ISSUE_26
-> SET Status = 'Returned'
-> WHERE Issue_Id = p_issue_id;
-> COMMIT;
-> END;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.15 sec)

mysql> call return_book (3,'2023-09-17',40,570.00);//

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.20 sec)

mysql> select * from BOOK_RETURN_26;//

+----------+-----------------------+----------+---------+
| Issue_Id | Actual_Date_of_Return | LateDays | LateFee |
+----------+-----------------------+----------+---------+
| 1 | 2023-09-17 | 2 | 10.00 |
| 2 | 2023-10-01 | 12 | 100.00 |
| 3 | 2023-09-17 | 40 | 570.00 |
+----------+-----------------------+----------+---------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from BOOK_ISSUE_26;//

+----------+---------------+---------+-----------+-------------------------+----------+
| Issue_Id | Date_of_Issue | Book_Id | MEMBER_26_Id | Expected_Date_of_Return | Status |
+----------+---------------+---------+-----------+-------------------------+----------+
| 1 | 2023-09-01| 1| 1 | 2023-09-15 | Issued |
| 2 | 2023-09-05| 2 | 2 | 2023-09-19 | Issued|
| 3 | 2023-03-21| 5 | 3 | 2023-04-06 | Returned |
+----------+---------------+---------+-----------+-------------------------+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

21. Create a database view ‘Available_Books’, which will list out books
that are currently available in the Library.

mysql> DELIMITER //
mysql> CREATE VIEW avail_book AS
-> SELECT b.Book_Id,b.Title,a.Name AS Author,p.Name AS Publisher from
52

BOOK_26 b
-> INNER JOIN BOOK_AUTHOR_26 ba on b.Book_Id=ba.Book_Id
-> INNER JOIN AUTHOR_26 a on ba.Author_Id=a.Author_Id
-> INNER JOIN PUBLISHER_26 p on b.Publisher_Id=p.Publisher_Id
-> WHERE b.Status="Available";//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.15 sec)

mysql> select * from avail_book;//

22. Create a database procedure to add, update and delete a book to the
Library database (use parameters).

mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE ManageBook(A VARCHAR(10),B INT,C VARCHAR(255),D

INT,E DECIMAL(10,2),F INT,G DATE,H INT,I VARCHAR(50))
-> BEGIN
-> IF A = 'add' THEN
-> INSERT INTO BOOK_26 (BookId, Title, LanguageId, MRP, PublisherId,
PublishedDate, Volume, Status)
-> VALUES (B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I);
-> ELSEIF A = 'update' THEN
-> UPDATE BOOK_26
-> SET
-> Title = C, Language_Id = D, MRP = E, Publisher_Id = F,
->Published_Date = G, Volume = H, Status = I
-> WHERE Book_Id = B;
-> ELSEIF A = 'delete' THEN
-> DELETE FROM BOOK_26
-> WHERE Book_Id = B;
-> ELSE
-> SIGNAL SQLSTATE '45000' SET MESSAGE_TEXT = 'Invalid action';
-> END IF;
-> END;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.25 sec)

mysql> CALL ManageBook('add', 6, 'Avengers', 1, 20, 2, '2023-08-10', 1,

'Available');//
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.15 sec)
mysql> SELECT * FROM BOOK_26;//
+--------+----------------------------+------------+-------+-------------+---------------+--------+-------------+
| BookId | Title | LanguageId | MRP | PublisherId | PublishedDate | Volume | Status |
+--------+----------------------------+------------+-------+-------------+---------------+--------+-------------+
| 1 | The Great Adventure | 1 | 19.99 | 1 | 2023-01-15| 1 | Available |
| 2 | Learning SQL | 2 | 29.99 | 2 | 2022-05-20|1 | Available |
| 3 | Mystery of the Lost Island | 1 | 15.50 | 1 | 2023-07-10|2 | Checked Out |
| 4 | Kerala | 4 | 20.00 | 2 | 2023-08-10|1 | Available |
| 5 | Malayalam Story | 4 | 20.00 | 1 | 2023-08-10|1 | Available |
| 6 | Avengers | 1 | 20.00 | 2 | 2023-08-10|1 | Available |
+--------+----------------------------+------------+-------+-------------+---------------+--------+-------------+
53

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

23. Use cursors and create a procedure to print Books Issue Register .

mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE PrintBookIssueRegister()

-> BEGIN
-> DECLARE done INT DEFAULT FALSE;
-> DECLARE A INT;
-> DECLARE B DATE;
-> DECLARE C INT;
-> DECLARE D INT;
-> DECLARE E DATE;
-> DECLARE F VARCHAR(50);
-> DECLARE issue_cursor CURSOR FOR
-> SELECT IssueId, IssueDate, BookId, MEMBER_26Id, ExpectReturnDate,
Status
-> FROM BOOK_ISSUE_26;
-> DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = TRUE;
-> OPEN issue_cursor;
-> WHILE done=0 DO
-> FETCH issue_cursor INTO A, B, C, D, E, F;
-> SELECT
-> A AS IssueID,
-> B AS IssueDate,
-> C AS BookID,
-> D AS MEMBER_26ID,
-> E AS ExpectReturnDate,
-> F AS Status;
-> END WHILE;
-> CLOSE issue_cursor;
-> END;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.18 sec)

mysql> CALL PrintBookIssueRegister();//

+---------+------------+--------+----------+------------------+----------+
| IssueID | IssueDate | BookID | MEMBER_26ID | ExpectReturnDate | Status
|
+---------+------------+--------+----------+------------------+----------+
| 1 | 2023-09-01 | 1 | 1| 2023-09-15 | Returned |
+---------+------------+--------+----------+------------------+----------+
1 row in set (0.06 sec)

+---------+------------+--------+----------+------------------+---------+
| IssueID | IssueDate | BookID | MEMBER_26ID | ExpectReturnDate | Status
|
+---------+------------+--------+----------+------------------+---------+
| 2 | 2023-09-05 | 2 | 2| 2023-09-12 | Pending |
+---------+------------+--------+----------+------------------+---------+
1 row in set (0.06 sec)
54

+---------+------------+--------+----------+------------------+---------+
| IssueID | IssueDate | BookID | MEMBER_26ID | ExpectReturnDate | Status
|
+---------+------------+--------+----------+------------------+---------+
| 3 | 2023-09-10 | 3 | 1| 2023-09-20 | Overdue |
+---------+------------+--------+----------+------------------+---------+
1 row in set (0.06 sec)

+---------+------------+--------+----------+------------------+----------+
| IssueID | IssueDate | BookID | MEMBER_26ID | ExpectReturnDate | Status
|
+---------+------------+--------+----------+------------------+----------+
| 4 | 2023-09-15 | 5 | 3 | 2023-09-30 | Returned |
+---------+------------+--------+----------+------------------+----------+
1 row in set (0.06 sec)

24. Create a history table (you may use the same structure without any
keys) for the MEMBER_26 table and
copy the original values of the row being updated to the history table
using a TRIGGER.

mysql> CREATE TABLE MEMBER_26History26 (MemberId INT, Name VARCHAR(255),

BranchCode VARCHAR(20), RollNo VARCHAR(20), PhoneNumber VARCHAR(20), EMail
VARCHAR(255), JoinDate DATE, Status VARCHAR(50));//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.78 sec)

mysql> CREATE TRIGGER BeforeMemberUpdate

-> BEFORE UPDATE ON MEMBER_26
-> FOR EACH ROW
-> BEGIN
-> INSERT INTO MEMBER_26History26 (
->MemberId,
-> Name,
->BranchCode,
->RollNo,
->PhoneNumber,
->EMail,
->JoinDate,
55

-> Status)
-> VALUES (
->OLD.MemberId,
->OLD.Name,
->OLD.BranchCode,
->OLD.RollNo,
->OLD.PhoneNumber,
->OLD.EMail,
->OLD.JoinDate,
->OLD.Status);
-> END;//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.18 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM MEMBER_26;//

+----------+--------------+------------+--------+--------------+--------------------------+------------+--------+
| MEMBER_26Id | Name | BranchCode | RollNo | PhoneNumber | Email | JoinDate | Status |
+----------+--------------+------------+--------+--------------+--------------------------+------------+--------+
| 1 | Alice Brown | BC001 | R123 | 456-789-0123 | [email protected] | 2023-01-01 | Active |
| 2 | Bob White | BC002 | R456 | 567-890-1234 | [email protected] | 2022-02-01 | Active |
| 3 | Shreya Nair | BC003 | R789 | 678-901-2345 | [email protected] | 2023-03-15 | Active |
| 4 | Anjali Kumar | BC004 | R456 | 234-567-8901 | [email protected] | 2022-03-15 | Active |
+----------+--------------+------------+--------+--------------+--------------------------+------------+--------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> UPDATE MEMBER_26 SET BranchCode='BC005' WHERE MEMBER_26Id=1;//

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.16 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> SELECT * FROM MEMBER_26History26;//

Result:

Queries are executed successfully and output obtained.

CYCLE-4

GROUP PROJECT
57

Patient Management System

Team MEMBER_26s
34, Gowripriya Biju, IDK22CS038
57, Vidya Roy, IDK22CS064
59, Vivek D V, IDK22CS066
58

Abstract

The Patient Management System is a comprehensive Java-based application

designed to efficiently manage patient records within a healthcare
environment. Featuring a user-friendly graphical user interface (GUI) built with
Swing, the system allows users to perform a variety of essential operations
including adding, updating, deleting, searching, and displaying patient
information. Upon launching the application, users are presented with a
dropdown menu to select their desired action, which triggers the appropriate
forms for data entry and management.

The system includes functionalities for entering patient details such as name,
age, gender, department, and contact information, which are securely stored
in a MySQL database. It facilitates updating existing patient records through a
unique patient ID and allows for the deletion of records after confirming the
specified ID's existence. Users can also search for specific patients using their
ID and view all patient records in a structured format for enhanced visibility.

With a connection to a MySQL database via JDBC, the application ensures

efficient and secure data handling. Robust error handling mechanisms are in
place to provide users with clear notifications in case of any issues during
database operations. Overall, the Enhanced Patient Management System
aims to streamline patient management tasks, significantly improving
operational efficiency in healthcare settings.
59

1.ER Diagram

Figure 1:ER Diagram

2.Relational Schema

PATIENT
ID Name Age Gender Department Contact

Figure 2: Relational Schema

3.Screenshot
62

Figure 3: Insert
63

Figure 4:Update
64

Figure 5: Search
65

Figure 6:Delete
66

Figure 7: Display
67

4.Program Code

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.Random;

public class EnhancedPatientManagementGUI extends JFrame {

private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/PMS";
private static final String USER = "root";
private static final String PASSWORD = "root@123";

private JComboBox<String>actionDropdown;

public EnhancedPatientManagementGUI() {
setTitle("Patient Management System");
setSize(600, 400);
setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setLayout(new FlowLayout());

actionDropdown = new JComboBox<>(new String[]{

"Select Action",
"Add Patient",
"Update Patient",
"Delete Patient",
"Search Patient",
"Display Patients"
});

JButtonexecuteButton = new JButton("Execute");

add(actionDropdown);
add(executeButton);

setVisible(true);

executeButton.addActionListener(e ->executeAction());
}

private void executeAction() {

String selectedAction = (String) actionDropdown.getSelectedItem();
68

if ("Add Patient".equals(selectedAction)) {
showAddPatientForm();
} else if ("Update Patient".equals(selectedAction)) {
showUpdatePatientForm();
} else if ("Delete Patient".equals(selectedAction)) {
showDeletePatientForm();
} else if ("Search Patient".equals(selectedAction)) {
showSearchPatientForm();
} else if ("Display Patients".equals(selectedAction)) {
showAllPatientsForm();
} else {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "Please select a valid action.");
}
}

private void showAddPatientForm() {

JFrameaddPatientFrame = new JFrame("Add Patient");
addPatientFrame.setSize(400, 350);
addPatientFrame.setLayout(new GridLayout(6, 2, 10, 10));

JLabelnameLabel = new JLabel("Name:");

JTextFieldnameField = new JTextField();
JLabelageLabel = new JLabel("Age:");
JTextFieldageField = new JTextField();
JLabelgenderLabel = new JLabel("Gender:");
JComboBox<String>genderField = new JComboBox<>(new String[]{"M", "F", "O"});
JLabelspecialtyLabel = new JLabel("Department:");
JTextFieldspecialtyField = new JTextField();
JLabelcontactLabel = new JLabel("Contact:");
JTextFieldcontactField = new JTextField();
JButtonsubmitButton = new JButton("Submit");

addPatientFrame.add(nameLabel);
addPatientFrame.add(nameField);
addPatientFrame.add(ageLabel);
addPatientFrame.add(ageField);
addPatientFrame.add(genderLabel);
addPatientFrame.add(genderField);
addPatientFrame.add(specialtyLabel);
addPatientFrame.add(specialtyField);
addPatientFrame.add(contactLabel);
addPatientFrame.add(contactField);
addPatientFrame.add(new JLabel());
69

addPatientFrame.add(submitButton);

addPatientFrame.setVisible(true);

submitButton.addActionListener(e -> {
String name = nameField.getText();
int age = Integer.parseInt(ageField.getText());
String gender = (String) genderField.getSelectedItem();
String specialty = specialtyField.getText();
String contact = contactField.getText();
addPatientToDatabase(name, age, gender, specialty, contact);
addPatientFrame.dispose();
});
}

private void showUpdatePatientForm() {

JFrameupdatePatientFrame = new JFrame("Update Patient");
updatePatientFrame.setSize(400, 300);
updatePatientFrame.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 2, 10, 10));

JLabelidLabel = new JLabel("Patient ID:");

JTextFieldidField = new JTextField();
JLabelnameLabel = new JLabel("Patient Name:");
JTextFieldnameField = new JTextField();
JLabelspecializationLabel = new JLabel("New Department:");
JTextFieldspecializationField = new JTextField();
JButtonsubmitButton = new JButton("Update");

updatePatientFrame.add(idLabel);
updatePatientFrame.add(idField);
updatePatientFrame.add(nameLabel);
updatePatientFrame.add(nameField);
updatePatientFrame.add(specializationLabel);
updatePatientFrame.add(specializationField);
updatePatientFrame.add(new JLabel());
updatePatientFrame.add(submitButton);

updatePatientFrame.setVisible(true);

submitButton.addActionListener(e -> {
int id = Integer.parseInt(idField.getText());
String name = nameField.getText();
String newSpecialization = specializationField.getText();
updatePatientInDatabase(id, name, newSpecialization);
70

updatePatientFrame.dispose();
});
}

private void showDeletePatientForm() {

JFramedeletePatientFrame = new JFrame("Delete Patient");
deletePatientFrame.setSize(300, 200);
deletePatientFrame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 2, 10, 10));

JLabelidLabel = new JLabel("Patient ID:");

JTextFieldidField = new JTextField();
JButtondeleteButton = new JButton("Delete");

deletePatientFrame.add(idLabel);
deletePatientFrame.add(idField);
deletePatientFrame.add(new JLabel());
deletePatientFrame.add(deleteButton);

deletePatientFrame.setVisible(true);

deleteButton.addActionListener(e -> {
int id = Integer.parseInt(idField.getText());
deletePatientFromDatabase(id);
deletePatientFrame.dispose();
});
}

private void showSearchPatientForm() {

JFramesearchPatientFrame = new JFrame("Search Patient");
searchPatientFrame.setSize(400, 200);
searchPatientFrame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 2, 10, 10));

JLabelidLabel = new JLabel("Patient ID:");

JTextFieldidField = new JTextField();
JButtonsearchButton = new JButton("Search");

searchPatientFrame.add(idLabel);
searchPatientFrame.add(idField);
searchPatientFrame.add(new JLabel());
searchPatientFrame.add(searchButton);

searchPatientFrame.setVisible(true);

searchButton.addActionListener(e -> {
71

int id = Integer.parseInt(idField.getText());
searchPatientInDatabase(id);
});
}

private void showAllPatientsForm() {

JFrameallPatientsFrame = new JFrame("All Patients");
allPatientsFrame.setSize(600, 400);
allPatientsFrame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());

JTextAreatextArea = new JTextArea();

textArea.setEditable(false);
JScrollPanescrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
allPatientsFrame.add(scrollPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);

Connection connection = getConnection();

if (connection != null) {
try {
String query = "SELECT * FROM patients";
Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery(query);

StringBuilder patientDetails = new StringBuilder("ID\tName\tAge\tGender\

tDepartment\tContact\n");
patientDetails.append("\n");

while (resultSet.next()) {
int id = resultSet.getInt("id");
String name = resultSet.getString("name");
int age = resultSet.getInt("age");
String gender = resultSet.getString("gender");
String specialty = resultSet.getString("specialty");
String contact = resultSet.getString("contact");
patientDetails.append(id).append("\t")
.append(name).append("\t")
.append(age).append("\t")
.append(gender).append("\t")
.append(specialty).append("\t")
.append(contact).append("\n");
}

textArea.setText(patientDetails.toString());
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
72

JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "Error while retrieving patient data: " +

e.getMessage());
}
}

allPatientsFrame.setVisible(true);
}

private Connection getConnection() {

try {
return DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, PASSWORD);
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}

private void addPatientToDatabase(String name, int age, String gender, String

specialty, String contact) {
Connection connection = getConnection();
if (connection != null) {
try {
Random random = new Random();
int patientId = 10000 + random.nextInt(90000);

String query = "INSERT INTO patients (id, name, age, gender, specialty,
contact) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)";
PreparedStatementpreparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(query);
preparedStatement.setInt(1, patientId);
preparedStatement.setString(2, name);
preparedStatement.setInt(3, age);
preparedStatement.setString(4, gender);
preparedStatement.setString(5, specialty);
preparedStatement.setString(6, contact);

int rowsAffected = preparedStatement.executeUpdate();

if (rowsAffected> 0) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Patient registered successfully!\nPatient ID:
" + patientId);
} else {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Failed to register patient.");
}

} catch (SQLException e) {
73

e.printStackTrace();
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Error while registering patient: " +
e.getMessage());
}
}
}

private void deletePatientFromDatabase(int id) {

Connection connection = getConnection();
if (connection != null) {
try {
String checkQuery = "SELECT * FROM patients WHERE id = ?";
PreparedStatementcheckStatement = connection.prepareStatement(checkQuery);
checkStatement.setInt(1, id);
ResultSetcheckResult = checkStatement.executeQuery();

if (checkResult.next()) {
String deleteQuery = "DELETE FROM patients WHERE id = ?";
PreparedStatementdeleteStatement = connection.prepareStatement(deleteQuery);
deleteStatement.setInt(1, id);
deleteStatement.executeUpdate();
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "Patient deleted successfully!");
} else {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "Error: Patient ID not found.");
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "Error while deleting patient: " +
e.getMessage());
}
}
}

private void updatePatientInDatabase(int id, String name, String newSpecialization) {

if (checkResult.next()) {
74

String updateQuery = "UPDATE patients SET name = ?, specialty = ?

WHERE id = ?";
PreparedStatementupdateStatement = connection.prepareStatement(updateQuery);
updateStatement.setString(1, name);
updateStatement.setString(2, newSpecialization);
updateStatement.setInt(3, id);
updateStatement.executeUpdate();
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "Patient updated successfully!");
} else {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "Error: Patient ID not found.");
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "Error while updating patient: " +
e.getMessage());
}
}
}

private void searchPatientInDatabase(int id) {

Connection connection = getConnection();
if (connection != null) {
try {
String query = "SELECT * FROM patients WHERE id = ?";
PreparedStatementpreparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(query);
preparedStatement.setInt(1, id);

ResultSetresultSet = preparedStatement.executeQuery();
if (resultSet.next()) {
String patientInfo = "ID: " + resultSet.getInt("id") +
"\nName: " + resultSet.getString("name") +
"\nAge: " + resultSet.getInt("age") +
"\nGender: " + resultSet.getString("gender") +
"\nDepartment: " + resultSet.getString("specialty") +
"\nContact: " + resultSet.getString("contact");
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, patientInfo);
} else {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "Patient not found.");
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
75

public static void main(String[] args) {

new EnhancedPatientManagementGUI();
}
}

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