Science, Technology & Society: Modular Approach
Module 1. Historical Development of Science
and Technology & Intellectual Revolutions
that Changed the Course of Science and
Technology
Learning Objectives:
By the end of this module, students will be able to:
1. Trace the historical development of science and
technology from ancient civilizations to modern times.
2. Identify key scientific and intellectual revolutions that
significantly altered the course of science and
technology.
3. Understand how these revolutions shaped society and
contributed to the advancement of knowledge.
4. Reflect on the impact of scientific discoveries and
technological innovations on culture, politics, and
economy.
Module Outline:
I. Historical Development of Science and Technology
Introduction: The Early Beginnings
Ancient Civilizations and Their Contributions (Egypt,
Mesopotamia, Greece, China, India)
The Middle Ages: The Role of Islamic Science and
Medieval Europe
The Renaissance and Its Impact on Scientific Inquiry
The Enlightenment and the Rise of the Scientific
Method
Industrialization and the Technological Revolution
Modern Times: The Digital Revolution
II. Intellectual Revolutions that Changed the Course of
Science and Technology
The Copernican Revolution
The Darwinian Revolution
The Freudian Revolution
The Einsteinian Revolution
The Digital/Information Revolution
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antecedents in science 1
technology and society
Science, Technology & Society: Modular Approach
1.1 Historical Development of Science and
Technology
1. Introduction: The Early Beginnings
Overview: In this section, students will explore the origins of
science and technology, tracing its development from early
human societies. The discussion will focus on how ancient
civilizations laid the foundation for scientific inquiry and
technological progress.
Learning Activity:
Watch a short documentary on ancient science and
technology (e.g., Ancient Civilizations and Science).
Link to video
1. https://tinyurl.com/mrxv4x7r
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2hz-V-
wA6KY&pp=ygUwaGlzdG9yaWNhbCBhbnRlY2VkZ
W50cyBvZiBzY2llbmNlIGFuZCB0ZWNobm9sb2d5
Reflect on how basic tools and early methods of inquiry
evolved into more complex systems.
Discussion Question:
How did ancient civilizations influence modern
scientific and technological thinking?
Interactive Quiz:
[Next Meeting] Short Quiz covering key points from
the video (5 questions, including multiple choice and
true/false).
2. Ancient Civilizations and Their Contributions
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technology and society
Science, Technology & Society: Modular Approach
Overview: This section highlights the technological and
scientific contributions of ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, Greece,
China, and India.
Multimedia Content:
Interactive Timeline: Clickable milestones of
important scientific and technological advances in
ancient civilizations.
o https://www.britannica.com/technology/history-
of-technology/Technology-in-the-ancient-world
o https://www.britannica.com/story/history-of-
technology-timeline
o https://www.weber.edu/digitalhistory/
timeline.html
o https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=QvZxqD4e4iU
o https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ktPUtz-
m7oA
o https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=JS4dc1lEhZk
o https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=QvZxqD4e4iU
o https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ktPUtz-
m7oA
o https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=JS4dc1lEhZk
Case Study: The invention of the wheel, the
development of irrigation systems, and early astronomy.
https://books.google.com/books?
hl=en&lr=&id=Ps4UAAAAIAAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&d
q=%E2%80%A2%09Case+Study:
+The+invention+of+the+wheel,
+the+development+of+irrigation+systems,
+and+early+astronomy.&ots=lM4sBS9_1I&sig=xKmq
N3CT6snKxwkwoTe4w0UARPQ
https://smartencyclopedia.org/content/history-of-
technology/
https://smartencyclopedia.org/content/history-of-
technology/
Activity:
Research Task: Choose one ancient civilization and create a
PowerPoint slide. Explore the major scientific and
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technology and society
Science, Technology & Society: Modular Approach
technological achievements of your chosen civilization. You
may look into fields such as:
Engineering and architecture (e.g., pyramids,
aqueducts)
Medicine and health practices
Astronomy and mathematics
Agriculture and irrigation systems
Tools, inventions, and innovations in daily life
Use reliable online sources (e.g., educational websites, online
libraries, museum archives) Explain your findings next
meeting.
Reflective Journal Prompt:
How did the contributions of ancient civilizations shape
modern technology?
3. The Middle Ages: The Role of Islamic Science and
Medieval Europe
Overview: Explore how Islamic scholars and medieval
European scientists preserved, translated, and expanded on
ancient knowledge. This section emphasizes the role of Islamic
Golden Age scholars in advancing mathematics, astronomy,
and medicine.
Learning Activity:
Video: Watch a short video on the contributions of
Islamic science to mathematics and medicine.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mkDat9VMFpY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mkDat9VMFpY
Group Work: Create a digital mind map illustrating
the flow of ancient knowledge from its origins through
preservation and translation, leading to its impact on the
Renaissance.
Scenario-Based Case Study:
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technology and society
Science, Technology & Society: Modular Approach
Problem-Solving Activity: Assume you are a scientist
during the Middle Ages. How would you advance
scientific thought in an environment that limits free
inquiry? If you are to create or invent a technology
that is considered to be of utmost importance, what
would it be?
Elaborate why your invention would be important.
Prepare for a presentation of this idea next face to face
classes.
Resources for Further Study:
Khan Academy (Ancient Civilizations):
https://www.khanacademy.org
National Geographic (History and Culture):
https://www.nationalgeographic.com
BBC Bitesize (Ancient Civilizations):
https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize
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