Energy RESOURCE AND TE

Learning Journal -1
Submitted to Dr. Brijesh Bhatt

By Ankit singh Gurjar

24PGDM00B005
 Learning journal-1

Content:
A) Class summary

B) Reading and understanding of the report

C) Chapter 8: Energy and sustainability

Class summary:
Energy: Energy is commonly defined as the ability to do work or to produce heat.
Normally heat could be derived by burning a fuel-ie. a substance that contains internal
energy which upon burning generates heat, or through other means such as by
capturing the sun's rays, or from the rocks below the earth's Thus energy manifests
itself in many forms: heat, light, motive force, chemical transformation, etc. Energy can
be captured and harnessed from very diverse sources

a.) Primary and secondary form of energy

Primary energy refers to energy sources that are directly extracted or captured from
natural resources without undergoing significant transformation, such as coal, crude oil,
natural gas, solar, and nuclear energy.

Secondary energy is derived from primary energy sources through transformation

processes, such as refining or electricity generation. Examples include oil products and
electricity.

Notably, both electricity and heat can exist as either primary or secondary energy
forms, depending on how they are obtained.

b.) Non-renewable and Renewable form of energy

Non-renewable energy source of energy where the primary energy comes from a
finite stock of resources. Drawing down one unit of the stock leaves lesser units for
future consumption in this case. For example, coal or crude oil comes from a finite
physical stock that was formed under the earth's crust in the geological past and hence
these are non-renewable energies.

Renewable energy any primary energy is obtained from a constantly available flow of
energy, the energy is known as renewable energy. Solar energy, wind, and the like are
renewable energies

c.) Commercial and Non-commercial form of energy

Commercial energy refers to energy sources traded in the marketplace, commanding

a market price, such as coal, oil, gas, and electricity.

Page 1 of 7
Non-commercial energy includes energy sources collected and used directly by
individuals, without a market price, such as firewood or other locally gathered
resources.

d.) Conventional and Non-conventional form of energy

Conventional energy refers to energy obtained using well-established and widely

adopted technologies, such as fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas. These are
considered traditional energy sources due to their long-standing usage.

Non-conventional energy, on the other hand, comes from sources harnessed using
newer, innovative technologies, such as solar, wind, and tidal energy. These are often
associated with cleaner and more sustainable energy solutions.

Energy Resources
Renewable energy resources: those sources of energy that are replenished
naturally and can be used to generate electricity, heat, and power
1. Solar Energy: Energy harnessed from the sun using solar panels or solar thermal
systems.
2. Wind Energy: Energy captured from wind using wind turbines.
3. Hydropower: Energy generated from moving water, typically from rivers or dams.
4. Biomass: Organic materials used for energy, which can include wood, crop waste,
and animal dung.
5. Geothermal Energy: Energy derived from the heat stored beneath the Earth's
surface.
6. Tidal and Wave Energy: Energy generated from the movement of water in oceans
and seas.
7. Nuclear Energy: Energy produced through nuclear reactions, typically by splitting
atoms of uranium or plutonium in nuclear reactors
Non-Renewable Energy Resources: These resources are finite and take millions of
years to form. They are typically associated with higher environmental impacts. Key
types include:
1. Fossil Fuels: Includes coal, oil, and natural gas, which are formed from the remains
of ancient plants and animals.
1. Coal: A solid fossil fuel used primarily for electricity generation.
2. Crude Oil: A liquid fossil fuel used for transportation, heating, and as a feedstock
for various chemicals.
3. Natural Gas: A gaseous fossil fuel used for heating, electricity generation, and
as an industrial feedstock.

Report: Energy statistics India 2024 by ministry of

statistics and programme implementations

Page 2 of 7
 The "Energy Statistics India 2024" report by the Ministry of Statistics and
Programme Implementation provides a comprehensive overview of India's energy
sector. It covers various aspects such as reserves, production, consumption, trade,
prices, and sustainability of energy resources. The report comprises eight chapters
Chapter 1-Reserves and Potential for Generation
Chapter 2-Installed Capacity and Capacity Utilization
Chapter 3-Production of Energy Resources
Chapter 4-Foreign Trade and Prices of Energy Resources
Chapter 5-Availability of Energy Resources
Chapter 6-Consumption of Energy Resources
Chapter 7-Energy Balance and Sankey Diagram
Chapter 8-Sustainability and Energy

Chapter 8: Energy and sustainability

The chapter stresses the importance of balancing energy needs with environmental
sustainability. It also outlines the significant role of energy statistics in monitoring and
shaping energy policies.
1. Energy Intensity
a. Observation: The energy intensity (MJ per rupee) decreased from 0.2737
in 2013-14 to 0.2188 in 2022-23.
b. Implication: This decline indicates an improvement in energy efficiency,
with India requiring less energy to produce one unit of GDP. Key drivers
could include advances in technology, shifts to less energy-intensive
industries, and energy efficiency initiatives.

2. Per Capita Energy Consumption

a. Observation: Consumption rose from 698KWh/person in 2013-14 to
1015KWh/person in 2022-23, with slight dips during economic slowdowns
like 2020-21.

Page 3 of 7
 b. Implication: The upward trend signifies growth in energy access and
economic development, though there is a need to ensure that the
additional energy comes from sustainable sources.

3. Electricity Loss Trends

a. Observation: Electricity losses decreased from 21.68% in 2013-14 to
17.28% in 2022-23.
b. Implication: Improved grid infrastructure and loss reduction strategies
have enhanced distribution efficiency, supporting energy sustainability.

4. Reserve-to-Production Ratios
a. Observation: The coal reserve-to-production ratio decreased from 223
years in 2013-14 to 209 years in 2022-23, while lignite showed
fluctuations.

Page 4 of 7
 b. Implication: Declining ratios highlight the finite nature of these resources
and the need for a diversified energy mix.

5. Net Import Dependency

a. Observation: Dependency on crude oil imports rose from 83.35% in
2013-14 to 88.86% in 2022-23, indicating continued reliance on foreign
energy. Similar trends are observed in coal as well as natural gas. All three
are carbon intensive resources
b. Implication: High import dependency underscores the urgency to invest
in domestic renewable energy production and storage.

6. Electricity Intensity by Sector

a. Observation: Electricity intensity in agriculture and transport has
remained steady, while industrial intensity shows a slight decline.
b. Implication: Efforts to electrify the transport sector and modernize
agriculture could reduce energy intensity while supporting sustainability.

Page 5 of 7
Page 6 of 7