International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, Vol 5, no 4, pp 8972-8977 April 2024

International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews

Journal homepage: www.ijrpr.com ISSN 2582-7421

Precision Agriculture: Harnessing Technology for Modern Farming

Development

R. Raj Kumar1, Dr. V. Vaidehi2

1
PG Student, 2 Professor
Department of Computer Applications, Dr MGR Education and Research Institute, Chennai-600095
Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Traditional agriculture practices are time-consuming, less productive, and uneconomic. Uncontrolled use of resources and inputs frequently occurs by farmers
causing environmental degradation, land loss, and economic loss of farmers. Smart farming known as Precision agriculture uses modern technology and tools such
as a Global position system, Geographic information system, remote sensing, and information and communication in integration to provide detailed information
about crop growth, soil conditions, nutrient level, and irrigation systems as data sets which helps to take decisions in right time so that it increases the crop
productivity. The use of tools like GPS, GIS, and Remote sensing optimize the use of natural resources and inputs for a given crop production and quality.
Agriculture has become more productive and consistent by digital technology and effective use of resources and time. The main gist of this study is to present the
scope and implications of precision agriculture (PA) in the future.

KEYWORDS: Precision Agriculture, Smart Farming, Global Positioning System (GPS), Geographic Information System (GIS), Remote Sensing,
Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Crop Growth Monitoring, Soil Conditions, Nutrient Level.

INTRODUCTION

Agriculture, the backbone of human civilization, has continuously evolved over thousands of years, adapting to changing human needs and environmental
conditions. Traditional agronomy, deeply rooted in practices perfected over generations, was the cornerstone of this development. However, the beginning
of the 21st century marked an important turning point with the advent of precision agriculture, \changing the concept and practice of farming. This review
examines the transformative impact of precision agriculture and examines its role as a paradigm shift in agriculture. Practices Basically, precision
agriculture uses advanced technologies to optimize crop production at the field level. This approach differs dramatically from traditional methods that
often use uniform processing across fields[1].

Traditional agriculture has evolved through time into a completely different form that delivers higher benefits for human life thanks to human
collaboration and touch. The billion-plus population of the world is fed through agriculture, which is regarded as the oldest and most fundamental industry
in the world [2].

Routine monitoring for the presence of organisms can help you identify pest life stages, population growth, damage, and the presence of beneficial
organisms. Monitoring is as simple as visually examining plants for insects or signs of stress disease. You can purchase devices such as hand lenses and
insect traps for more advanced monitoring. Identifying pests or plant problems can help determine the best pest control approach and avoid applying the
wrong kind of pesticide, or applying pesticides when it is unnecessary. Some pests pose very little threat, and could even be beneficial. Insect pests are
often more easily controlled during early developmental stages. Therefore, timing can be critical for effective control[3].

Traditional farming methods, practiced for thousands of years across numerous cultures, can be broadly defined as those methods that harness the natural
resources available to the farmer with little or no reliance on modern agricultural technologies. One such technique is mixed farming, where different
crops are grown simultaneously or sequentially on the same piece of land, also integrating livestock. The aim is to use space efficiently and promote
biodiversity, thus improving both crop yield and quality. For instance, farmers would plant crops such as maize and beans together in a practice known
as intercropping [4].

Traditionally, crop yield prediction relied on historical knowledge and localized weather patterns. However, the increasing variability in climate
conditions and the complexities of modern agricultural practices necessitate more sophisticated approaches. Enter "Harvest Horizon," a novel crop and
yield prediction model designed to address these challenges and enhance agricultural sustainability[5].
 International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, Vol 5, no 4, pp 8972-8977 April 2024 8973

LITERATURE SURVEY

The urgent need to adopt precision agriculture practices that are related to the application of spatially variable inputs to improve the efficiency of
agricultural production requires the deployment of accurate and reliable crop monitoring techniques to provide information on the spatial variation of key
agronomic parameters. The world’s population is growing at its fastest speed[6].

Traditional agriculture relies heavily on large-scale, industrialized farming methods that often require extensive land use, significant water resources, and
chemical inputs. These practices contribute to deforestation, soil degradation, water pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions, exacerbating the challenges
posed by climate change. Moreover, the transportation of food over long distances from rural areas to cities further contributes to carbon emissions and
energy consumption[7].

The reflective article attempts to bring out dominant worldviews on farmers’ social networks as a potential strategy to plan sustainable agricultural
development. In the process, India is taken a test bed for farmers’ social networks to assess opportunities and challenges. In India, agriculture and allied
sectors (forestry and fisheries) contribute to about 14% of the nation’s GDP, engaging about 53% of the population[8].

The agriculture domain, with its sprawling expanse and infinite variety, is amidst an era of metamorphosis, as it progressively embraces digital
advancements. Our literature analysis endeavors to scrutinize the existing research on innovation and embracing cutting-edge technology in agriculture,
with an unwavering fixation on the irreplaceability of digital innovations., inclusive of precision farming, intelligent irrigation, mobile applications, and
Agriculture drones and sensors. The review strives to spotlight the augmentation of farmers' judgment-making capabilities, the optimization of
information accessibility, and the eventual amplification of agricultural productivity and sustainability, all courtesy of these technologies[9].

Recent advances in agricultural technologies provide opportunities to sustainably intensify agricultural production and address these challenges. We
discuss a few examples of emerging technologies for food and energy production that can alleviate the competition for land and conserve water. They
are precision agriculture, gene editing technology, second-generation biofuels, andagrivoltaics. The purpose of this article is to review the insights that
economics provides to understand the factors that are likely to influence the innovation and adoption of these emerging technologies, to explore the
potential and barriers for harnessing these technologies to mitigate trade-offs in the FEW nexus, and to identify areas for future research[10].

PROPOSED SYSTEM

The problem with the existing system is that there is no proper security authentication is not available and communication between the customer and
dealer is not user-friendly. To overcome the drawbacks of the present system and to meet all the specified requirements of the organization. The diagnostic
process includes pest identification based on the affected crops, feeding habitat of pests, insects, weeds morphology and life stage, damaged or infected
part of the crop, and diagnosis of some physiological disorders. The system provides different logins for the dealers, customers, and the admin. It also
provides different signups for dealers and customers and provides new pesticide application forms where the details like pesticide name, registration ID,
expiry date, rate per unit, and required date. So from this application the end users get all the details of their crop in a single system.

ARCHITECTURE DIAGRAM

Figure 1. Flow chart of Modern Farming Development

Modern farming has evolved through technological advancements, embracing precision agriculture, automation, and sustainable practices. Innovations
like genetically modified crops, IoT devices, and data analytics optimize resource use, increase yield, and reduce environmental impact. The integration
of drones and artificial intelligence enables real-time monitoring, improving decision-making for farmers. These developments contribute to food security,
economic growth, and ecological sustainability in the agricultural sector.
 International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, Vol 5, no 4, pp 8972-8977 April 2024 8974

MODULES

In this paper, I introduced two modules

1. User

2. Farmer

1. USER

• Register

• Login

• Search product

• View product and description

• Buy product

• Logout

2. Farmer

• Register

• Login

• Search product

• View product

• Add product

• View search history

• View all user

• History bin

• Logout

RESULT & SCREENSHOTS

FIG 1: HOME PAGE

Accuracy horticulture, too known as accuracy agribusiness or shrewd agribusiness, is an rural administration concept that employments innovation to
optimize. execution and proficiency whereas minimizing squander. At its center, exactness farming is based on data-driven decision-making, where
ranchers utilize different advances such as GPS, sensors, rambles and machine learning calculations to screen, oversee and absolutely react to field
vacillations...
 International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, Vol 5, no 4, pp 8972-8977 April 2024 8975

FIG 2 ADMIN LOGIN PAGE

Welcome to the admin login page for the Precision Agriculture project. As an administrator, you have access to manage and oversee the various aspects
of our initiative. Through this portal, you can update content, monitor user interactions, and contribute to the advancement of modern farming practices.
Your role is crucial in ensuring the smooth operation and effectiveness of our project. Please enter your credentials to access the admin dashboard.

FIG 3 VIEW ALL FARMERS

Welcome to our Precision Agriculture portal, where we delve into the transformative power of technology in modern farming practices. Whether you're
a seasoned agricultural veteran or just beginning your journey in the field, our platform is designed to empower all farmers with the latest advancements
in Precision Agriculture.

FIG 4 VIEW ALL BUYERS

Explore our directory of buyers who are interested in sourcing products from precision agriculture practices. In this section, you'll discover a diverse
range of buyers, including wholesalers, retailers, and distributors, who are seeking high-quality produce cultivated with modern farming techniques.
Learn about their requirements, preferences, and how they contribute to creating market opportunities for precision agriculture products.

FIG 5 ADD PRODUCT

Discover a curated selection of cutting-edge agricultural Welcome to our precision farming platform, where we are dedicated to showcasing the
transformative impact of technology on modern farming practices. If you're thinking of adding a new product to your farm tools, you've come to the right
place. Here's how we can help you make informed decisions about integrating innovative solutions into your operations.
 International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, Vol 5, no 4, pp 8972-8977 April 2024 8976

FIG 6 FARMER REGISTER PAGE

Welcome to our Farmer Registration Page! Join us to access exclusive resources, stay updated on the latest Precision Agriculture trends, connect with a
supportive community, and receive personalized support for your farming needs. Registration is quick, easy, and free. Start your journey towards
leveraging technology for modern farming development today!

FIG 7 VIEW ALL PRODUCTS

Explore a comprehensive collection of products tailored to precision agriculture practices. In this section, you'll find a diverse range of cutting-edge
technologies, innovative farming equipment, and high-quality produce cultivated through modern techniques. Discover the latest advancements in
precision agriculture and find the tools and resources you need to optimize your farming operations .

FIG 8 VIEW ORDERED PRODUCT

Share your feedback and reviews about the product you've ordered to help other farmers make informed decisions. Your insights are valuable in shaping
the experiences of fellow farmers within our community.

With our "View Ordered Product" feature, we aim to provide you with transparency, convenience, and peace of mind throughout the purchasing process.
Experience the ease and efficiency of managing your ordered products with Precision Agriculture technology today.

FUTURE ENHANCEMENT

Smart agriculture farming system is a new idea of farming in agriculture, because which uses loT technology to monitor the crop 24/7 and sends the
information to the cloud. This emerging system increases the quality and quantity of agricultural products. IoT technology provides the information about
farming fields and then takes action depending on the farmer input. In this paper, we can design an loT based advanced solution for monitoring the soil
conditions and atmosphere for efficient crop growth is presented. The developed system is capable of monitoring temperature, humidity, soil moisture
type using NodeMCU and different sensors connected to the microcontroller. Also, a notification is shown in farmer's phone using Wi-Fi about
environmental condition and water levels of the crop field.

CONCLUSION

The following judgements were reached in light of the above evidence: The majority of farmers in the region or the nation are unaware that cell telephones
can be utilised for information gathering and for conducting commerce. To enable the greatest number of farmers have access to the latest news about
agriculture throughout the state or country, mobile phone costs should be reduced. E-agriculture has yet to be put into effect because farms in the nation
have not been made aware of it [1][18] and because prospective farmers lacked the farm skills required for e-agriculture to give them with relevant
information in the crops that they had cultivated.We are pleased to acknowledge our topic, E-Agriculture Management System Supporting Farm Activity.
This topic is brought up since it is pertinent to the fields of adaptive systems, security, and machine learning. We are writing to express our sincere
appreciation for everybody who has offered us sound counsel and helped to enlighten our path. We value the efforts made by these lecturers to assist us
with our coursework.
 International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, Vol 5, no 4, pp 8972-8977 April 2024 8977

REFERENCES

1. Nasir Mehmood Khan & Binish Munawar (2023) “Harnessing the power of precision agriculture: a paradigm shift in agronomy” PP 79-87.

2. Amit Sharma, Ashutosh Sharma &Alexey Tselykh & Alexander Bozhenyuk, Tanupriya Choudhur (2023) “Artificial intelligence and internet
of things oriented sustainable precision farming: Towards modern agriculture” Volume 18.

3. H. Muntz, R. Miller, and D. Alston, Alternative pest control methods for homeowners, Agriculture Extension, Utah State (2016), pp. 1–5.

4. Hadeed Ashraf&Musliudeen Toheeb Akanbi” Sustainable Agriculture in the Digital Age: Crop Management and Yield Forecasting with IoT,
Cloud, and AI” vol.6,n.1,2023.

5. Sherya Kalyani,” harvest horizon: a robust crop and yield prediction model for agricultural sustainability” volume 03 issue 09 Pages: 1-5,2023.

6. Emmanuel Omia 1 , Hyungjin Bae 1 , Eunsung Park 2 , Moon Sung Kim 3 , Insuck Baek 3 , Isa Kabenge 4 and Byoung-Kwan Cho 1,2,.”
Remote Sensing in Field Crop Monitoring: A Comprehensive Review of Sensor Systems, Data Analyses and Recent Advances” Remote Sens.
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7. Kumar Srinivasan, Vineet Kumar Yadav, “An integrated literature review on Urban and peri-urban farming: Exploring research themes and
future directions” Volume 99, December 2023, 104878.

8. Sriroop Chaudhuri1 · Mimi Roy1 · Louis M. McDonald2 · Yves Emendack” Reflections on farmers’ social networks: a means
for sustainable agricultural development” volume-23, pp 2973-3008(2021).

9. Shambhavi Pandey, Dr. Sumit Mishra” Understanding Innovation and Technological adoption in agriculture: A Systematic Literature Review
with Thematic Analysis” Vol 14, Issue 1 (2024).

10. Ruiqing Miao1 and Madhu Khanna2” Harnessing Advances in Agricultural Technologies to Optimize Resource Utilization in the Food-
Energy-Water Nexus”volume12,pp65-85,2020.