Design of Manholes for sub Sewers

1- Design of Side Wall

2- Design of Top Plate

1- Design of Side Wall

The Side Wall Should Be Designed for Vertical and Horizontal Forces

A - Horizontal Force
Load of One Big Car = 12 Ton
Load on Tire 11.4/2 = 6 Ton
Height of Manholes = 2 m
Width of Manholes = 1 m
Thickness of Wall = 15 cm
Depth of Manholes From Surface of

Ground up to Base of Manholes = 2 m

Unit Weight of Soil = 2200 kg/m3

Distributed load =6*1000/(1.5*.75) = 5333 kg/m2

Distributed load = q = For H = 3 m = 5333 kg/m2

Normal stress = σ v = q +γH = 9733 kg/m2

For H = 0 σ v= = 5333 kg/m2

For H = 3 σ v= = 9733 kg/m2

ø of soil = 30
k 0=1−sin Φ=1−sin 30=1−0 . 5=0. 5 = 0.5
k 0= Coefficient of soil stress

σ H =k 0∗σ V = 4869

Page 1
Design of side wall for one meter Length

P1 =k 0 qH = 5736 kg/m
1
P2  H 2 k 0 = 2544 kg/m
2
P0 =P1 +P2 = 8280 kg/m
H H
P1 ( )+ P 2 ( )
2 3 0.96 m
z̄=
P0

5333 kg/m²

2.5 m

concrete wall

Maximum bending moment will be at

the bottom of side walls at ( H ) = 2.0 m

Clear height of side wall = 2.0 m
Assume depth of foundation = 15 cm

Page 2
Effective height of side wall = H+

(1/2 depth of foundation) = 2.08 m

Maximum bending moment =
= 8610 kg . m
P(Z+ 1/2* Depth of Foundation)

0.5m
50cm
0.25m

25cm
45°
Axle

Assume Thickness of foundation ( h = 15 cm

Cover = 5 cm
Effective Depth of side wall ( h ) = 10 cm
M n As f y (d  a / 2)
(d  a / 2) 0.85d = 9 cm
fy
= 4200 kg/cm2
As = 24.12 cm2
Use Steel bar = 12 mm
Spacing of Steel bar C - C = 6 cm

1.00m

Page 3
 10 cm

1.00m
1m

6 cm
0.4m

15 cm

Design of side walls for vertical load:

Load of axle = 12.0 Ton
Load of tire = 6.0 Ton
F = 6.0 Ton
Cross sectional Area

h (Thickness of Side Wall) = 15 cm

L = 1 m
F
P0  = 40000 kg
A

P0
Pn  = 47059 kg

Pn  Ps  Pc  As fy  Ac fc
fc  c = 200 kg/cm2

fy  st 3000 kg/cm2

P  Ac fc 
As  n 16 cm2
fy
As / 2

Page 4
As / 2 = 7.8 cm2 ,
Use Steel bar = 10 mm
Spacing of Steel bar C - C = 10.0 cm
Max Spacing = Min h of Column = 15 cm
Chose Spacing C - C = 27 cm

10 cm

1.00m
27 cm

1.00m

30 cm

15 cm

Design of Top slab

Effective span = 2.00 m
Thickness of Top Plate = 20 cm
250cm

30cm
1.4m

Live Load on Slab (F/ Area Plate ) = 3000.0 kg/m2

Dead Load of Slab = 480.0 kg/m2

Total Load (1.4DL+1.7LL) = 5772.0 kg/m2

W L2 = 2886.0 kg . m
M max 
8
Page 5
 W L2
M max 
8
M n As f y (d  a / 2)
(d  a / 2) 0.85d = 14.5 cm
fy = 4200 kg/cm2
As = 4.76 cm2
A min = 5.7 cm3
Use Steel bar = 16 mm
Spacing of Steel bar C - C = 36 cm

20 cm 2.00 m
36 cm

2.00 m

Design of foundation for Manhole

The foundation is Designed for one meter Length

Critical Cross Section = b0d = 1*d cm2

b0 = 1 m

U b0 d [ (0.34) fc]

f c = 20 Map

F1 = 12000 kg

F2 = Weight of Side Wall = 1548 kg

U Total Factor Load = 22567 kg

Page 6
U Total Factor Load
Total Load = 37612 kg/m2

U = 225672 N

d Thickness of Foundition Slab = 18 cm

Check for Bearing Capacity
q for Soil = 1.3 kg/cm2

Total Load
 = 0.98 kg/cm2
A rea Fou ...
q  The Streanght of Soil is enough to Carry the Load

Design of Slab for foundation of Manhole

The Slab is Designed for one meter Length
W L2
M max  = 7945.5 kg . m
8
W L2
M max  = 5778.6 kg . m
11

Moment at Midspan = 2167 kg . m

Moment at Support = 5779 kg . m

Page 7
Design of Foundation Slab at Midspan

M n As f y (d  a / 2)
(d  a / 2) 0.85d = 15 cm
fy = 4200 kg/cm2
As = 3 cm2
A min = 6 cm2
Use Steel bar = 14 mm
Area used bra = 1.5386 cm2
Spacing of Steel bar C - C = 26 cm

Design of Foundation Slab at Support

M n As f y (d  a / 2)
(d  a / 2) 0.85d = 15 cm
fy = 4200 kg/cm2
As = 9 cm2
Amin = 6 cm2
Use Steel bar = 14 mm
Area used bra = 1.5386 cm2
Spacing of Steel bar C - C = 26 cm

23 cm 1.30 m
Use ø 16mm at 26 cm C-C

1.30 m
Use ø 16 mm at 26 cm C-C

Page 8
Design of Septic Tank

1- Geometrical Design
1- Structural Design

1- Geometrical Design

Total Population after 30 Years = 69250 Person

Total Valume of Sluge for one

= 0.02 m3/Year
persone per year

Total Valume of Sluge for Total

= 1385 m3/Year
Population per year
Assume that the tank is be
Cleaned
After Six Mounth
Total Valume of Sluge X 3 Month/12
= 200 m3
month (TC1)

Total Flow quantity = 8400 m3/day

Assume detention period = 12 hour

Tank Capacity (TC2) = 4200 m3

Total Tank Capacity = TC1+TC2 = 4400 m3

Assume Numbers of Septic tank = 10 Nos

Capacity of each Septic tank is

= 440 m3
equal to

Assume depth of Septic tank = 6.00 m

Assume Free board for Septic tank = 50 cm

Plane area of Septic tank = 73 m2

Assume The ratio of Length to Wide
= 3.5
of Tank =3.5
Width of Septic tank = 4.58 m

Length of Septic tank = 16.0 m

Page 9
Page 10
 Geometrical Design Sock Well

Assume Noumbers of Sock well for

= 10 Nos
one Septic Tank

Total valume of flow for one Septic = 840 m3/day

Total Valume of flow for one Sock

well =Total flow for one Septic = 84 m3/day
/Noumbers of Sock Well

Precolating Capacity of filter of Well = 1.95 m3/m3/day

valume required for each Soak
= 43.1 m3
Well
Depth of Sock Well = 10.0 m

Area of Sock Well = 4.31 m2

Diameter of Each Sock Well = 2.34 m

Page 11
 Summery Dimension of Septic Tank and Sock
Well

Numbers of Septic tank = 10 Nos

Length of Septic tank = 16 m

Width of Septic tank = 5 m

Height of Septic tank = 6 m

Assume Free board for Septic tank = 50 cm

Total Height of Septic tank = 6.5 m

Numbers of Sock Well = 10 Nos

Diameter of Sock Well = 2 m

Depth of Sock Well = 10 m

1- Structural Design

a- Design of Side Walls Per one meter Length

Load of One Car = 3 Ton

Load on Tire 11.4/2 ton = 1.5 Ton
Height of Septic tank = 6.5 m
Thickness of Wall = 40 cm
Assume depth of foundition = 30 cm
Depth of Septic tank From Surface
of = 6.8 m
Ground up to Base of Septic tank
Unight Weight of Soil = 1800 kg/m3

Distributed load =2.5*1000/(1.7*3.4) = 260 kg/m2

Page 12
Distributed load = q For H = 6.8 = 260 kg/m2

Normal stress = σ v = q +γH = 12500 kg/m2

For H = 0 σ v= = 260 kg/m2

For H = 3 σ v= = 12500 kg/m2

ø of soil = 30
k 0=1−sin Φ=1−sin 30=1−0 . 5=0. 5 = 0.5
k 0= Coefficient of soil stress
 H k0  V = 6253

P1 =k 0 qH = 5102 kg/m
1
P2  H 2 k 0 = 20818 kg/m
2
P0 =P1 +P2 = 25920 kg/m
H H
P1 ( )+ P 2 ( )
2 3 2.49 m
z̄=
P0

260 kg/m²

6.8m

concrete wall

Page 13
Maximum bending moment will be
at
= 6.8 m
the bottom of side walls at
( H )
Clear height of side wall = 6.5 m
Assume depth of foundation = 30 cm
Effective height of side wall = H+
= 6.95 m
(1/2 depth of foundation)

Maximum bending moment =

= 34211 kg . m
P(Z+ 1/2* Depth of Foundation)

Cover = 5 cm
Effective Depth of side wall ( h ) = 35 cm
M n As f y (d  a / 2)
(d  a / 2) 0.85d = 30 cm
fy = 3000 kg/cm2

As = 38.33 cm2
Use Steel bar = 28 mm
Spacing of Steel bar C - C = 16 cm
Distribution Reinforcement = 0.20%
= 8 cm2
Area of Concret
Use Steel bar = 16 mm
Spacing of Steel bar C - C = 25 cm

35 cm

25 cm

1.00m 16 cm

Page 14
 40 cm

Page 15
b- Design of Top Slab

Effective Short span = 4.6 m

Effective Long span = 16.0 m
Thickness of Top Plate = 30 cm
Live Load on Slab = 300 kg/m2

Dead Load of Slab = 720 kg/m2

Total Load = 1020 kg/m2

Design of slab for one meter Length

Short Span
W L2 = 2698 kg . m
M max 
8
M n As f y (d  a / 2)
(d  a / 2) 0.85d = 23.0 cm
fy = 4200 kg/cm2
As = 3 cm2
A min = 9.0 cm3
Use Steel bar = 16 mm
Spacing of Steel bar C - C = 22 cm

Long Span

W L2 = 32640 kg . m
M max 
8
M n As f y (d  a / 2)
(d  a / 2) 0.85d = 17.0 cm
fy = 4200 kg/cm2
As = 46 cm2
A min = 6.7 cm3
Use Steel bar = 28 mm

Page 16
Spacing of Steel bar C - C = 14 cm

Page 17
Design of foundation for Septic tank

The foundation is Designed for one meter Length

Critical Cross Section = b0d = 1*d cm2

b0 = 1 m

U b0 d [ (0.34) fc]

f c = 20 Map

F1 = Weight of slab = 52992 kg

F2 = Weight of Side Wall = 257088 kg

U Total Factor Load = 310080 kg

Total Weight = 4213 kg/m2

U = 3100800 N

d Thickness of Foundition Slab = 24 cm

Total thickness of Foundition Slab = 25 cm

Check for Bearing Capacity

q for Soil = 1.3 kg/cm2

Total Load
 = 0.21 kg/cm2
A rea Fou ... Page 18
 Total Load
 = 0.21 kg/cm2
A rea Fou ...
q  The Streanght of Soil is enough to Carry the Load

Design of Slab for foundation of Septic tank

The Slab is Designed for one meter Length

Short Span

W L2
M max  = 11144 kg . m
8
W L2
M max  = 8104 kg . m
11
Moment at Midspan = 3039 kg . m

Moment at Support = 8104 kg . m

Design of Foundation Slab at Midspan

M n As f y (d  a / 2)
(d  a / 2) 0.85d = 20 cm
fy = 4200 kg/cm2
As = 4 cm2
Amin = 8 cm2
Use Steel bar = 14 mm
Spacing of Steel bar C - C = 19 cm

Page 19
Design of Foundation Slab at Support

M n As f y (d  a / 2)
(d  a / 2) 0.85d = 20 cm
fy = 4200 kg/cm2
As = 9 cm2
Amin = 8 cm2
Use Steel bar = 14 mm
Spacing of Steel bar C - C = 16 cm

Long Span

W L2
M max  = 134817 kg . m
8
W L2
M max  = 98049 kg . m
11
Moment at Midspan = 36768 kg . m

Moment at Support = 98049 kg . m

Design of Foundation Slab at Midspan

M n As f y (d  a / 2)
(d  a / 2) 0.85d = 20 cm
fy = 4200 kg/cm2
As = 43 cm2
Amin = 8 cm2
Use Steel bar = 22 mm
Spacing of Steel bar C - C = 18 cm

Page 20
Design of Foundation Slab at Support

M n As f y (d  a / 2)
(d  a / 2) 0.85d = 21 cm
fy = 4200 kg/cm2
As = 110 cm2
Amin = 8 cm2
Use Steel bar = 32 mm
Spacing of Steel bar C - C = 15 cm

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