FABM2-Q3-Module-1-2nd Semester
FABM2-Q3-Module-1-2nd Semester
FABM 2
Quarter 3 - Module 1
The Statement of Financial
Position (Elements, Forms and its
Classifications)
NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2
NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_v2
FABM 2 – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 1: The Statement of Financial Position (Elements, Forms
and its Classifications)
Second Edition, 2021
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2
Introductory Message
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you
step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are
also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders
on how they can best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on
any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing
each task.
Thank you.
i NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2
What I Need to
Know
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at our own pace and time. You will be enabled to process
the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
The module is intended for you to identify the elements of the SFP and describe each of
them.
1 NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2
What I
Know
PRETEST: Multiple choice.
Direction: Read each item carefully and use your notebook to write your answers. Select the
letter of the best answer.
1. A statement of financial position can be best described as a:
a. Listing of money received and paid during the past year.
b. Summary of what happened last year
c. Summary of all assets, expenses, liabilities and revenues
d. Summary of the position of an organization.
2. An asset is an
a. Expense that will recur in more than one year
b. Obligations to transfer benefits as a result of the past transactions.
c. Interest of the owners in the business
d. Any financial resources that is used by the business in its operation trade offs
3. The statement of Financial Position is:
a. A – C = L
b. L + C = A
c. A – L = C
d. All of the above
4. MN Mitz have assets of Php130,000.00, liabilities of Php 90,000: as such the owners’
equity will be:
a. Php 40,000.00
b. Php 50,000.00
c. Php 60,000.00
d. Php 70,000.00
5. What is a financial statement that shows the financial position of an enterprise at a
particular point in time?
a. Statement of Financial Position
b. Income Statement
c. Statement of changes in Equity
d. Cash Flow Statement
6. A Statement of Financial Position
a. Shows the changes of the owners interest
b. Reports the assets and claims of an enterprise at a specified moment in time
c. Presents revenues and expenses of an enterprise
d. Reports the inflow and outflow of cash in an enterprise
7. Which of the following transactions would increase cash as well as non-current liabilities?
a. Long term bank loan
b. Purchasing equipment on credit
2
NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2
c. Payment to suppliers
d. Payment from customers
7. Which of the following accounts is a current asset?
a. Bonds Payable
b. Property, Plant and Equipment
c. Trade and other payables
d. Trade and other receivables
8. Which of the following accounts is a non-current asset?
a. Accounts Payable
b. Capital
c. Cash
d. Trademarks
9. Which of the following accounts is a current liability?
a. Trade receivables
b. Retained Earnings
c. Trade Payables
d. Machineries
11. Purchased supplies on account, P900. Indicate the effect on the accounting equation.
a. Increase in asset, decrease in another asset.
b. Increase in asset, increase in liability.
c. Decrease in asset, decrease in liability
d. Decrease in asset, decrease in owner’s equity
12. Is the list of finished goods or goods used in production held by a company.
a. Inventory
b. Receivable
c. Notes Payable
d. Owner’s equity.
13. Provide services rather than products to customers.
a. Manufacturing Business
b. Merchandising Business
c. Service Business
D. None of the above
14. Also known as the “language of business”.
a. Finance
b. Organization
c. Management
d. Accounting
15. Mar-mar’s Eatery has assets of P800,000.00 and Owner’s Equity of P450,000.00. Using
the accounting equation, determine the Liabilities:
a. P800,000
b. P300,000
c. P450,000
d. P350,000
3
NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2
What’s In
We already have learned that the end product /output of accounting is useful financial
information. This useful financial information is the “story” that accounting tells to the
interested users.
Financial information is contained and communicated through the financial
statements. Financial Statements tells about what has and is happening in the business.
Financial statements are organized depictions of the events that happened in a
business. A complete set of financial statements are composed of the following:
1. Statement of Financial Position(Balance Sheet)
2. Statement of Comprehensive Income(Income Statement)
3. Statement of changes in Equity
4. Statement of cash Flow
5. Notes, comprising a summary of significant accounting policies and other
explanatory information.
What’s
New
Let us now focus on the first financial statement which is the Statement of Financial
Position or the Balance Sheet.
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION – Also known as the balance sheet.
This statement includes the amounts of the company’s total assets, liabilities, and owner’s
equity which in totality provides the condition of the company on a specific date. (Haddock,
Price, & Farina, 2012)
The items reported on the balance sheet correspond to the accounts outlined on your
chart of accounts. A statement of financial position/balance sheet is made up of the following
elements:
Assets
o Current Asset
o Non current Assets
Liability
o Current Liabilities
o Non current Liabilities
Owner’s Equity
o Income
o Expenses
4
NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2
What is
It
A ssets
The assets section of the statement of financial position /balance sheet breaks down
what your business owns of value that can be converted into cash. Your statement of financial
position /balance sheet will list your assets in order of liquidity; that is, it reports assets in
order of how easily they can be converted to cash. There are two main categories of assets
included on your balance sheet:
Current Assets: Current assets can easily be converted to cash within a year or less. Current
assets are further broken down on the balance sheet into these accounts:
Cash and cash equivalents: These are your most liquid assets, including currency, checks
and money stored in your business’s checking and savings accounts.
Accounts receivable: Money that your clients owe you for your services that will be paid in
the short term.
Inventory: For businesses that sell goods, inventory includes finished products and raw
materials.
Prepaid expenses: Things of value that you’ve already paid for, like your office rent or your
business insurance.
Long-Term Assets: Long-term assets won’t be converted to cash within a year. They can be
further broken down into:
Fixed assets: Includes property, buildings, machinery and equipment like computers.
Intangible assets: Assets that aren’t physical objects, such as copyrights, franchise
agreements and patents.
Current Assets are arranged based on which asset can be realized first (liquidity). Current
assets and current liabilities are also called short term assets and shot term liabilities.
5
NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2
Liabilities
The next section of a balance sheet lists a company’s liabilities. Your liabilities are
the money that you owe to others, including your recurring expenses, loan repayments and
other forms of debt. Liabilities are further broken down into current and long-term liabilities.
Current liabilities. Liabilities that fall due (paid, recognized as revenue) within one
year after year-end date, include rent, utilities, taxes, current payments toward long-
term debts, interest payments and payroll.
Long-term liabilities. Liabilities that do not fall due (paid, recognized as revenue)
within one year after year-end date. include long-term loans, deferred income taxes and
pension fund liabilities.
Noncurrent assets and noncurrent liabilities are also called long term assets and long
term liabilities.
Shareholders Equity
They are called permanent accounts because the accounts are retained permanently
in the SFP until their balances become zero. This is in contrast with temporary accounts
which are found in the Statement of Comprehensive Income (SCI). Temporary accounts
unlike permanent accounts will have zero balances at the end of the accounting period.
CONTRA ASSETS – Contra assets are those accounts that are presented under the assets
portion of the SFP but are reductions to the company’s assets.
6
NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2
Accumulated Depreciation is a contra asset to the company’s Property, Plant and
Equipment. This account represents the total amount of depreciation booked against the fixed
assets of the company.
7
NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2
Balancing a Statement of Financial Position
When creating a Statement of Financial Position or Balance Sheet for your business
it’s important to understand that, as the name suggests, your Statement of Financial Position
must always be balanced. A Statement of Financial Position is divided into two sections, with
one side representing your business’s assets and the other showing its liabilities and
shareholders equity.
The total value of your assets must be equal to the combined value of your liabilities
and equity. When that’s the case, your document is said to be in balance. This idea is
represented by the foundational formula of balance sheets:
Liquidity
By comparing your business’s current assets to its current liabilities, you’ll get a clear
picture of the liquidity of your company, or how much cash you have readily available. You
always want to have a buffer between your current assets and liabilities to cover your short-
term financial obligations, with assets always greater than liabilities.
Efficiency
By comparing your income statement to your balance sheet, you can measure how
efficiently your business uses its assets. For example, you can get an idea of how well your
company is able to use its assets to generate revenue.
Leverage
Your balance sheet can help you understand how much leverage your business has,
which tell you how much financial risk you face. To judge leverage, you can compare the
debts to the equity listed on your balance sheet.
Report form is form of the SFP that shows asset accounts first and then liabilities and
owner’s equity accounts after (Haddock, Price, & Farina, 2012).
8
NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2
While account form of the SFP that shows assets on the left side and liabilities and
owner’s equity on the right side just like the debit and credit balances of an account
(Haddock, Price, & Farina, 2012).
Report Form
Assets
Current Assets
Cash ₱ 100,000.00
Accounts Receivable 500,000.00
Less: Allowance for Doubtful Accounts (50,000.00) 450,000.00
Accrued Income 300,000.00
Inventory 200,000.00
Prepaid Expenses 50,000.00
Total Current Assets 1,100,000.00
Noncurrent Assets
Long Term Investments 1,250,000.00
Intangible Assets 500,000.00
Property, Plant and Equipment 1,000,000.00
Less: Accumulated Depreciation (300,000.00) 700,000.00
Total Noncurrent Assets 2,450,000.00
Total Assets Php3,550,000.00
9
NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2
Account Form
Name of Company
Statement of Financial Position
As of (Year-End)
10
NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2
What’s More
11
NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2
How to Prepare the Statement of Financial Position
a. Prepare the statement heading. This includes the name of the company, name of the
staement and the period covered.
b. Prepare the Asset Section
From the given trial balance, you the bookkeeper or accountant will determine the asset
and contra asset accounts. After which, the assets are categorized as current or non-
current. Finally, the current assets are arranged by liquidity meaning the ease of
converting assets into cash.
c. Prepare the Liabilities Section
As bookkeeper or accountant of the firm will now determine the liability accounts from
the given trial balance. You will then categorize liabilities as current and non current.
Finally the current and non-current liabilities are arranged by liquidity which means the
ease of converting/paying such liablities into cash.
d. Prepare the Owner’s Equity Section
This balances in this section is from the ending balances of the Statement of changes in
Equity.
e. Ensure that the Accounting Equation is balanced.
Finally, as bookkeeper you will ensure that the total assets will equate to
total liabilities and equities. The statement is footed and tested for mathematical
accuracy.
Read each item carefully and use your notebook to write your answers.
Classify the following accounts whether they are asset, liability, or equity accounts. For asset
and liability accounts, classify whether they are current or noncurrent.
12
NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2
What I Have
Learned
Directions: Complete the following statements. Write your statements in your activity
notebook.
3. Using the knowledge I have learned in this lesson, I will be able to...
_______________________.
What I Can
Do
Problem
A. Below are the accounts of Agatha Trading for the year ended December 31, 2019.
Accounts Payable ₱ 100,000.00
Accounts receivable 140,000.00
Capital 1,840,000.00
Cash 1,000,000.00
Inventories 450,000.00
Long term debt 300,000.00
Notes Payable 100,000.00
Notes Receivable 100,000.00
Property, Plant & Equipment 550,000.00
Supplies and other prepayments 100,000.00
Instructions: Prepare a statement of financial position and label its parts. After which,
answer the following questions.
13
NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2
B. Read each item carefully and use your notebook to write your answers.
Cash – 5,000
Loans Payable – 77,500
Accounts Receivable – 2,600
Supplies – 2,300
Equipment – 17,000
Owner’s equity – 40,000
Accounts Payable – 22,400
Building – 113,000
Assessmen
t
A. Below are the accounts of Nature’s Spring Corp. for the year ended December 31, 2019.
Instructions: Prepare a statement of financial position and label its parts (10 points).
B. Multiple Choice
14
NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2
Additional
Activities
15
NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2
Answer
Key Account
What’s More
Element Classification
Accounts Payable Liability current
Accounts Asset current
WHAT I KNOW Receivable
1. D 11. A Cash Asset current
2. D 12. A Notes Payable Liability current
Cash on hand Asset current
3. D 13. C
Salaries Payable Liability current
4. A 14. D
Supplies Asset current
5. A 15. D Prepaid Rent Asset current
6. B Interest Payable Liability current
7. A Equipment Asset non current
8. D Notes Receivables Asset current
9. D Dayupay, capital Owner’s current
10. C Equity
Dayupay, Drawing Owner’s current
Equity
Assessment
Nature’s Spring Corp.
Statement of Financial Position
As of December 31, 2019
ASSETS
Current Assets
Cash ₱ 2,000,000.00
Accounts Receivable 180,000.00
Notes Receivable 160,000.00
Supplies & other prepayments 150,000.00
Inventories 550,000.00
Total Current Assets 3,040,000.00
Current Liabilities
Accounts Payable ₱ 500,000.00
Notes Payable 640,000.00
Total Current Liability ₱ 1,140,000.00
Non-Current Liability
Long-term debt 400,000.00
Total Liabilities 1,540,000.00
OWNER’S EQUITY
Nature’s Spring, capital 2,040,000.00
Total Liabilities & Owner’s Equity ₱ 3,580,000.00
16
NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2
For Teacher Reference:
B.
Account Form
NAME OF COMPANY
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
AS OF DECEMBER 21, 2019
Assets Liabilities and Owner’s Equity
Current Assets Current Liability
Cash ₱ 5,000.00 Accounts Payable ₱ 22,400.00
Accounts Receivable 2,600.00 Noncurrent Liability
Supplies 2,300.00 Loans Payable 77,500.00
Total Current Assets 9,900.00 Total Liabilities 99,900.00
Noncurrent Assets Owner’s Equity 40,000.00
Building 113,000.00 Total Liabilities and
Equipment 17,000.00 Owner’s Equity ₱ 139,900.00
Total Noncurrent Assets 130,000.00
Total Assets ₱ 139,900.00
Report Form
NAME OF COMPANY
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
AS OF DECEMBER 21, 2019
Assets
Current Assets
Cash ₱ 5,000.00
Accounts Receivable 2,600.00
Supplies 2,300.00
Total Current Assets 9,900.00
Noncurrent Assets
Building 113,000.00
Equipment 17,000.00
Total Noncurrent Assets 130,000.00
Total Assets ₱ 139,900.00
17
NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2
WHAT CAN I DO
A.
Agatha Trading
Statement of Financial Position
As of December 31, 2019
ASSETS
Current Assets
Cash ₱ 1,000,000.00
Accounts Receivable 140,000.00
Notes Receivable 100,000.00
Supplies & other prepayments 100,000.00
Inventories 450,000.00
Total Current Assets 1,790,000.00
18
NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2
B.
Account Form
NAME OF COMPANY
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
AS OF DECEMBER 21, 2019
Assets Liabilities and Owner’s Equity
Current Assets Current Liability
Cash ₱ 5,000.00 Accounts Payable ₱ 22,400.00
Accounts Receivable 2,600.00 Noncurrent Liability
Supplies 2,300.00 Loans Payable 77,500.00
Total Current Assets 9,900.00 Total Liabilities 99,900.00
Noncurrent Assets Owner’s Equity 40,000.00
Building 113,000.00 Total Liabilities and
Equipment 17,000.00 Owner’s Equity ₱ 139,900.00
Total Noncurrent Assets 130,000.00
Total Assets ₱ 139,900.00
Report Form
NAME OF COMPANY
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
AS OF DECEMBER 21, 2019
Assets
Current Assets
Cash ₱ 5,000.00
Accounts Receivable 2,600.00
Supplies 2,300.00
Total Current Assets 9,900.00
Noncurrent Assets
Building 113,000.00
Equipment 17,000.00
Total Noncurrent Assets 130,000.00
Total Assets ₱ 139,900.00
19
NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2
References
Licuanan, Patricia B., et al.. “Teaching Guide for Senior High School Fundamentals of
Accountancy, Business, and Management 1”. Pp. 2-3. (Commission on Higher
,Education2016)
Beticon, Josefina Loria., et.al.. Fundamentals of Accountancy, Business and Management 2
pp.8-11. 2016 Published by Lexicon Press, Inc.
20
NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2
21
NegOr_Q3_FABM211_Module1_V2