Virtualization is the technique of creation of virtual or software based

rather than actual version of something such as server a desktop a

storage device an operating system or a network resource. In other words
virtualization is a technique which allows to share a single physical
instance of resource among multiple customers and organization. Types of
Virtualization.
Application, server, Network, Storage and Desktop Virtualization.
Server Virtualization

Install one type 1 hypervisor. Eg microsoft we have something called

hyper-v from the vm where we have something called esxi this is a type 1
hypervisor which directly runs on the physical server. The job of this type
1 hypervisor is to simulate this physical server for all the operating
systems running on this hypervisor so now if i have to install the centos or
mac or any windows or red hat operating system what we can do is we
can run all these operating systems like windows red hat centos or mac
directly on this hypervisor so all this particular operating systems will run
as a virtual machine on this type one hypervisor so you can see if a
business or if a company wants to run all the operating system on the
same physical server it can do with the help of this type 1 hypervisor
which is a physical server simulator or we can say that with the help of
this type 1 hypervisor we are virtualizing this physical server for all this
operating system
so this is the main benefit for the company where he don't have to buy all
the three physical servers to run the three different operating system on
all the servers so he can buy only one server then he can install this type
one hypervisor on the server and then he can install this virtual machines
on the server so this is called the server virtualization
 we are basically virtualizing this physical server so that different virtual
machine can run on this particular hypervisor at the same time. This is all
about server virtualization
Desktop Virtualization
the desktop of virtualization is same as the server virtualization
In the desktop virtualization what we used to do is to virtualize this
particular operating system which will run on this type one hypervisor
if you are working in a very big company what we used to do previously
that we used to run our codes on the physical laptop on the laptop. we
used to have one operating system installed and all our code used to be
there
but if you see in the today's modern world what company used to do is
they run your operating system on one of the hypervised infrastructure
now video is just a example of your desktop virtualization where all your
operating system is running as a virtual machine on one of this type 1
hypervisor.

Storage Virtualization
storage virtualization (sometimes called software defined storage or
virtual san) is the pooling of multiple physical storage arrays from sans
and making them appear as a single virtual storage device
the pool can integrate unlike storage hardware from different networks
vendors or data centers into one logical view and manage them from a
single pane of glass
also virtualizing storage separates the storage management software
from the underlying hardware infrastructure in order to provide more
flexibility and scalable pool of storage resources
also it can abstract storage hardware into virtual storage pools in the
same way compute virtualization abstract compute hardware into virtual
machine instances
so let me explain this storage virtualization using a diagram so in
virtualized server storage infrastructure what we usually have some
servers.
we can assume that we have three storage servers and we have some
storage devices in the infrastructure now let's see how we can connect
the storage devices to these physical servers or to the machines which is
running on this physical servers so to do that what we have to do is to
first create a pool of storage devices using these three storage devices
now once we create a pool we can have something called virtual san or
data center this all this this virtual san will be connected to this storage
devices using up using this pools now on the server side what we can
have is something called hypervisor like esxi or hyper-v from the
microsoft and our virtual machines can be running on these hypervisors
our virtual machines now can connect to any one of these storage devices
using the virtual san so you can see this virtual machines can connect to
this virtual sans and these virtual sans is indirectly connected to these
storage devices
from the virtual machine point of view we have only one data center and
the managing of this virtual sense usually happens through a single
console in summary
what is storage virtualization is an abstraction of details that separates
the layer that is host implementation network implementation and storage
implementation
so if you see this virtual machine vm1 vm2 vm3 vm4 and vm5 is directly
connected to this virtual san they have no idea how this virtual san is
connected to this storage devices so it is abstracting the host or the
virtual machine storage storage connectivity implementation
coming to the next what we have is makes invisible to the host of physical
pathing device characteristics and the physical data location the same
thing which i was saying in the last time like virtual machine one has no
idea where my storage devices are located the virtual machines are only
connected to this virtual sans and virtual sans are connected to this
storage devices through the pools
also it provide location and implementation abstraction it enables
dynamic operation it means enables transparent on-the-fly reconfiguration
now suppose if my this storage disk is not working properly i can move
this storage device from this pool and reconnect one new storage device
on the fly which allows data location to change transparency to the
environment
Some benifits from the storage virtualization is
the vendor lock-in so what is vendor lock-in the window lock-in is
something like using two different storage devices from different vendors
previously without the storage virtualization it was not possible for one of
the storage device from one vendor and the other storage device from the
other vendor can work together there will be some compatibility issue but
using the storage virtualization
we can do this also the data migration across the array the data migration
across the array is very easy in the case of the storage virtualization
scalability is one of the very big benefit what we are getting out of this
storage virtualization we can add any number of the storage devices in
this pool depending on the demand
also the redundancy is one of a big benefit out of the storage
virtualization in today's world nobody wants to lose their data so
redundancy is one of a very critical parameter for today's infrastructure
high performance
coming to the next what we have is the high cost and management the
management of these storage devices using the virtual using the storage
virtualization is very easy because here we can manage all these storage
devices using a single pane
Hypervisor is a crucial piece of software which makes the virtualization
possible.
Hypervisor is the backbone of this virtualization technology. The
functionality of the hypervisor is to abstract that operating system on
which it is running from its physical hardware. Hypervisor creates a
virtualization layer that separates the cpu, processer, ram, network cards
and other physical resources from the virtual machine running on it
The machines where we installed this hypervisor is called the host
machine whereas the operating system running on top of these
hypervisors are usually called guest virtual machines.
Seeing from the virtual machine point of view there is no difference that
it is running on a hypervisor or a physical machine. Virtual machine will
never get to know that it is running on a hypervisor or any other physical
machine
Basically two types of hypervisor currently present which is type 1
hypervisor and type 2 hypervisor

type 1 hypervisor have one physical server which we generally buy from
different companies like dell or cisco or ibm
now this type 1 hypervisor we can install directly on this server
now if i have to install this type 1 hypervisor i don't have to install any
operating system like windows or red hat or any other operating system
on this physical server
this type 1 hypervisor i can directly install on this physical server
so there will be no layer between this physical server and this hypervisors
the job of this type 1 hypervisor is to emulate this physical server so that
whatever the operating system we will install on this hypervisor those
operating system will feel like it is running directly on the server so
suppose now if i have to install any operating system on top of it like
windows or redhat or centos or any mac operating system i will feel like it
is directly running on this physical server this operating system will never
get to know that there is a hypervisor in between this operating system
and the physical server
so the job of this type one hypervisor is to simulate this physical server so
that all the operating system will think that it will run directly on this
physical server so some of the example of this type 1 hypervisor is esxi
from the vmware hyper-v from the microsoft oracle vm from the oracle
In type 2 hypervisor again we will have a physical server but type 2
hypervisor will not directly run on this physical server. There will be one
operating system running in between this type 2 hypervisor and this
physical server so you can see i can install any windows or red hat or any
centos operating system . On this physical server on top of this operating
systems i have to install my type 2 hypervisor so if you see the main
difference between this type 1 hypervisor and type 2 hypervisor is this
layer this operating system layer is not present in this type 1 hypervisor
We can have some virtual machines installed on this type 2 hypervisor
which can be any windows or red hat or centers or any mac os installed on
this type2 hypervisor
the job of this type 2 hypervisor is seen to simulate this physical server for
this operating systems running on this Type 2 hypervisor
some examples of type 2 hypervisor is virtual works from the oracle
vmware workstation from vmware and virtual pc from Microsoft
Benefits of Hypervisor
data replication of virtual machine data is very easy if the if the operating
system or the virtual machines are running on any hypervisor
also we can achieve this desktop virtualization with the help of these
hypervisors
also the management of this virtual machines are very easy in case if
they are deployed on any hypervisor
the installation of these virtual machines are very easy and fast in
deployment if it is getting installed on these hypervisors
when to use the type 1 hypervisor and when to use the type 2 hypervisor
this type 1 hypervisor is mostly used in the production where the speed of
these virtual machines matters a lot like if i have some virtual machines
running on this hypervisor i need a very fast performance in case of
production environment so if i need a high performance and a scalable
environment i will go for my type 1 hypervisor the biggest benefit of it is
low overhead because it will directly installed on the physical server
whereas this type 2 hypervisor is mostly used in the educational
institution because of its low cost and easy to install but in type 2
hypervisor this overhead is very high because type 2 hypervisor is
installed on an operating system and not directly on the physical server
so if in brief i have to tell what is hypervisor hypervisor is a critical piece
of software for the virtualization industry
what is the job of this hypervisor the job of this hypervisor is to simulate
this physical server for these virtual machines so that each virtual
machine can think that they are directly running on this physical server
and utilize this physical server on its 100 of capability whereas in this type
2 hypervisor there will be one operating system between the type 2
hypervisor and the physical server
on this operating system we will install this type 2 hypervisor
now all my virtual machines can be installed of Type 1 or Type 2
hypervisor but the speed for Type 1 virtual machines and the speed for
Type 2 virtual machines will be very different so this is all about the type 1
and type 2 hypervisor