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01/08/23
Tuesday
1
Let Us Pray…
Refraction of Light Through a Prism
A prism is a transparent material having two refracting surfaces inclined at certain
angle.
Deviation produced by a triangular Prism
A • The emergent ray bends towards the
base of the prism for all values if i
D • The incident ray and the emergent ray
e are not parallel to each other
i
• The emergent ray makes an angle with
the incident ray called angle of deviation
• The angle of deviation depends on angle
B C
of incidence
Deviation produced by a triangular Prism
Dispersion of Light
Dispersion
The splitting up of white Light into its
constituent colours when passed
through a prism is called dispersion
Spectrum
The band of colours obtained on screen
when white light is passed through a
prism is called spectrum.
Cause of Dispersion
The different colours of white light
have different wavelength, so they
deviate at different angles when
passed through a prism. So they split.
More is the wavelength,
Less is the deviation 8000 A
(Red)
Less is the wavelength,
More is the deviation
(Blue)
4000 A
Spectrum
Points to Remember
Band of seven colours obtained
on screen on passing white light
through a prism.
1. Dispersion of white light
takes place only at first
surface.
8000 A 2. Deviation/Refraction of
light takes place at both
the surfaces
4000 A
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Wavelength in nm
0.01 10 106 109
400 800
Microwaves
3 x 1019 3 x 1019 3 x 1011 3 x 108
Frequency in Hz
7.5 x 1014
3.75 x 1014
800
Properties common to all electromagnetic waves
1. They do not require any medium for
propagation.
2. They all travel with same speed in air and
vacuum
3. They exhibit the properties of reflection and
refraction.
4. They are not deflected by electric or magnetic
field.
5. These waves are transverse in nature.
Infra-Red radiations
Detection: by thermopile
Spectrum: Rock salt prism
Properties:
1. They do not affect the ordinary photographic film.
2. They are absorbed by glass, but they pass through rock salt.
3. They are scattered less by atmosphere.
Ultraviolet radiations
Detection: by silver chloride solution
Spectrum: Quartz prism
Properties:
1. They strongly affect photographic plate.
2. They are absorbed by glass, but they pass through quartz.
3. They are scattered by dust particles present in the earth’s atmosphere.
4. They produce fluorescence on striking a zinc-sulphide screen.
CH-6 C Scattering of Light
Absorption and re-emission
of light by dust particles
and air molecules present in
the atmosphere
Scattering of Light
Scattering is inversely
proportional to fourth power
of wavelength
So, greater the wavelength
of light less will be the
Scattering (red)
So, lower the wavelength of
light more will be the
Scattering (blue)
Applications of Scattering of Light
Red colour of sun at sunrise and sunset
Applications of Scattering of Light
White colour of sky at noon
Applications of Scattering of Light
White colour of clouds
Reason:
Clouds contain dust
particles and water
molecules of size bigger
than the wavelength of
visible light
So, all colours of white
light are scattered
equally.
Applications of Scattering of Light
Black colour of sky in
absence of atmosphere
Use of red light for danger
signal
End of Chapter-6
Thank You !
