TERMS OF REFERANCE (TOR)

TO CONDUCT ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT

ASSESSMENT
FOR TEXTILE AND GARMENT MANUFACTURING
FACTORY

PROJECT O W N E R : M E S E R A T Y I F R U
LOCATION: SENDAFA TOWN

SUBMITTED TO OROMIA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

AUTHORITY

Oct , 2025

Sendafa, OROMIA

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 Table of contents

SHEGAR, OROMIA............................................................................................................i
table of contents...................................................................................................................ii
1.0 INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................1
1.1. General Overview.....................................................................................................1
2 Objective of the Terms of reference.............................................................................3
3. Project Description..........................................................................................................3
4. Project location................................................................................................................3
5 Time Schedule...................................................................................................................3
6. Sources of Data................................................................................................................4

List of table
Table 1: work schedules.......................................................................................................3
Table 2: checklist for screening of impacts.........................................................................6

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1. General Overview

The firm needs to be engaged in Textile and Garments factory are among the basic needs
of human being. The Textile and garment industries have great economic significance by
virtue of its contribution to overall industrial output and employment generation. This
sector has wide spectrum of industries ranging from small scale units that use traditional
manufacturing process, to large integrated mills using modern machineries and
equipment
Ethiopia, like many developing countries, is attempting to minimize its import base by
manufacturing major garment commodities. Hence, the establishment of this Garment
project at this time, in the country for the substitution of imported materials is one of the
most viable alternatives to achieve this end.
To this effect, the objective of the project is to produce different garments, such as using
the state of the art technology. The project has targeted to be a successful producer of
wide range of grades of aforementioned products conforming to the national and
international standards meeting the stringent demands of the potential customers.
Furthermore, the project aims to contribute to the economic development of the region in
the following ways:
Source of Employment: One of the problems that our country is facing is
unemployment. Therefore, the current objective of our government is tackling the
problem of unemployment either through creating self-employment or employment in
other organization. Hence, the envisaged factory deemed to contribute somewhat to solve
the problem of unemployment. Upon completion, the factory assumed to generate
employment opportunities about 450 citizens.
Source of Government Revenue: To redistribute income, the government collects
different forms of taxes from different business undertakings and individuals. Among the
different forms of taxes, business income taxes are collected from undertaking business
activities. Therefore, the factory will serve as sources of revenue for the region.
Sources of Social Service: In addition to serving as a source of employment and income
for the region, the factory renders social services for different group of people. Hence, the
project is expected to supply new, strong, durable and locally made products for the

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garment sector and retailers regularly. Some of the favorable economic conditions and
opportunities that will make the implementation of the project feasible in Ethiopia
include:
Market availability: The demand for Garment products is alarmingly increasing as the
industrial sector is booming in Ethiopia due to the increase in the number of population
of the country and the increasing the level of income.

Labour availability: The majority of the Ethiopian population lies in the productive
ages, from which a huge amount of working forces can be abundant drained to the project
under discussion. Moreover, available temporary labor forces can cheaply be obtained
from local communities since majority of the population around the project area is in the
range of active working forces
Clothing is one of the necessities of life, which has to be provided in the manner that can
be afforded. It is generally a non-durable consumable product. Demand for clothing
grown progressively with growing population and raising income.

The envisaged project will create a job opportunity for about 450 employees on temporal
and permanent base. This will contribute to reduce the number of youth unemployment
which is the bottle neck of the country. It also pays tax for the government as well as
reduces problem of foreign currency.
However, Short-term benefits build up from development projects may significantly
impact on the ability of human and natural ecosystems to meet the needs and aspirations
of the future generations unless proper management and monitoring is undertaken. The
concept of sustainable development envisages development that not only allows the
present generation to meet its developmental and natural needs but also ensure
intergenerational equity through application of precautionary principle. An important
component of sustainable development is the process of assessing the potential
environmental, economic and social impacts of a project prior to its implementation.
Thus, this TOR was prepared by Bright star management and environmental

consultancy plc to identify potential impacts, both positive and negative and then to
propose possible enhancement/mitigation measures for the proposed project, textile and
garment Manufacturing located in Oromia National regional state, Sendafa town.

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2 Objective of the Terms of reference
This ToR was prepared to: define the scope of work for the proposed Textile and
Garment Manufacturing project to be established at Sendafa town; identify the possible
chances and constraints; indicate time table and finally produce Environmental and
Social Impact Statement to be evaluated by the regulatory body.

3. Project Description
Total investment cost is 80 million birr. The project will create 500 job opportunities in
permanent and temporal basis for local community. The facility is proposed on total area
of about 5000 m2. The project is bordered by: roads in north and industry in west
direction. The facility is designed to compose of sheds, this area comprises simply
machines installation place, raw materials storing sheds, products storing sheds, the
administration spaces, the sanitary units, and other essential service rooms. The project
will supply more Textile and Manufacturing for domestic and foreign market.

4. Project location

Meserat YifruTextile and garment manufacturing project is located in Oromia

national regional state, Sendafa Town,

5 Time Schedule
The work will be carried out, in the town according to the following schedule.
Table 1: work schedules
S.N Types of activities Number of days required for
Activities
1 Screening: Deciding if an ESIA is required 2
2 Scoping and consideration of alternatives: 2
3 Public consultation 5
3 Collecting data 2
4 Impact Prediction 2
5 Analysis of Mitigation measures 2
4 Synthesizing the ESIA Report 7

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6. Sources of Data
primary and secondary data are used for the work. Primary data will be obtained from
project affected communities, district administration and Sendafa town EPA
professionals through consultation and interview. Secondary data sources are obtained
from water supply and sanitation office, urban agriculture office, education office, health
office, trade and industry, planning office, labor and social affair office, urban
beatification and greenery office, District administration, children youth and women
affairs office, and town administration, national and regional laws and proclamations,
CSA, and others.
The following methodology is used to collect data:
 Semi- structured interview: this involved holding individual interviews with the
project manager and his coworkers using a pre- prepared interview checklist and
recording the feedback.

 Consultation about the Project: the aim of the consultation with the locally
affected people by the project has a paramount importance to hear and
incorporate the views and opinions of the communities around the area.

 Literature review: this involved the review of all literature and data relevant to
the project. The literature included legislation, data kept by the proponent and
government agencies.

 Site observation: this involves a transect walk across the site and the neighboring
area to get acquainted with the natural environment and also to cross check
issues, arising from the interviews above. Furthermore, field visit will be
undertaken to understand the likely impacts of a development project i.e. Textile
and Garment Manufacturing Project in this case on the environment around the
project site through making transect walking along the intended project site. This
field survey also helped to gather the base line environmental condition of the
area for better prediction and evaluation of the adverse environmental and social
impacts. Bright star management and environmental consultancy

plc will identify different areas of attention like noise pollution, air pollution,
soil pollution, surface and ground water pollution and during the project

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construction and operation human health and safety impacts.

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  SUMMARY OF BUSINESS PLAN OF THE PROJECT
1. Project Name Textile and Garment manufacturing Establishment Project
2. Project Type Industry
3. Project Promoter The promoter of the project is the owner himself (the investor) and
those of who are benefiting from the Enterprise.
4. Project Promoter Meserat Yifru
5. Nationality Ethiopian
6. Project Location Sendafa town

7. Premises Required 20000m2

8. Total investment 110,000,000 (ETB)
Capital
9. Job opportunity Permanent: Skilled 150 and unskilled 100
Temporary: Skilled 100 and unskilled 10
Total: Skilled 250 and Unskilled 200 (In aggregate manpower=450)
10. Production Capacity The production capacity of the project is estimated as 75% in the
first year and 100% starting the second year.
11. Benefit Expected The expected benefit of the project is to give different services of
Mixed use and fuel station
12. Technology to be used The firm will use environment friendly technology which can be
operated by local people.
13. Source of finance Out of the total Br. 110,000,000.00 of the project cost, 30 % will be
financed by the owners while 70 % will be obtained through loan
from bank at an
interest rate of 12%.
14. Market Destination The residents of the wereda and the surrounding area
Merchants and drivers
Business community
Different occasional guest
Domestic and foreign tourists and visitors
15. Recommendation The project is economically, financially and socially feasible. For
instance, financially, the project’s IRR is 63.45% which is greater
than discount rate (12%) and NPV is equal to Br. 12,994,064.32.

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 Table 2: checklist for screening of impacts

Potential for Adverse Impacts

Mediu
Impacts of the proposed project

Unkn
None

High
Low

own
m
Soil erosion or flooding concerns (e.g., due to highly
erodible Textile and garment Manufacturing or steep
gradients)
Number of stream crossings or disturbances
Wet season excavation
Creation of quarry sites or borrow pits
Significant vegetation removal
Wildlife habitats or populations disturbed
Be located within or nearby environmentally Sensitive
areas (e.g. intact natural forests, Wetlands, etc.)?
Cultural or religious sites disturbed
Economic or physical resettlement required
New settlement pressures created
Create solid waste on the sites (including excess fill
materials from grading and excavation activities, scrap
wood and metals, and small concrete spills).
Cause poor water drainage and increase the risk of
water-related diseases such as malaria or Bilharzias?
Cause air pollution? (Fugitive dust, etc.)
Cause contaminated land?
Create Noise and vibration
Aesthetic disruption to the surrounding areas?
Cause Potential Physical hazards ( Like accident or
injury or illness due to repetitive exposure to
mechanical action or work activity)
Cause and spread communicable disease (poor
sanitation and, sexual transmission and vector-borne
infections)
Cause poor Water Quality and less water Availability
Cause traffic congestion (Traffic accidents, injuries
and fatalities among members of the Community )

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Cause flood and gully formation at the outlet or end
point of drainage canals
Possible impact on individual’s property, including
impact on houses, fences and other structures
cause more traffic accidents, since pedestrian walk way
is not properly considered as part of the road design
Affect any air quality standard or contribute substantially to
an existing or projected air quality problems

Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant

concentrations

Create objectionable odors affecting a substantial

number of people

has a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through

habitat modifications, on any species identified as sensitive

Have a substantial adverse effect on any habitat or

other sensitive natural community

Have a substantial adverse effect on protected wetlands

through direct removal, filling, hydrological
interruption, or other means

Interfere substantially with the movement of any native

resident or migratory wildlife species

Conflict with any local policies or ordinances

protecting biological resources, such as a tree
preservation policy or ordinance

Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a

historical resource

Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an

Archaeological resource

Directly or indirectly destroy a unique resource or site or

unique geologic feature

Disturb any human remains, including those interred

outside of formal cemeteries

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Expose people or structures to potential substantial adverse
effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving

Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment

through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous
materials

Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment

through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident
conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into
the environment

Emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely

hazardous materials, substances, or waste within the reach
of an existing or public service (schools, hospital, churches)

Expose people or structures to a significant risk or loss,

injury or death

Affect any water quality standards or waste discharge

requirements

Substantially deplete groundwater supplies or interfere

substantially with groundwater recharge

Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or

area, including through the alteration of the course of a
stream or river, in a manner which would result in
substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site

Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the

site or area, including through the alteration of the
course of a stream or river, or substantially increase the
rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which
would result in flooding on- or off-site

Physically divide an established community

Conflict with any applicable land use plan, policy, or

regulation of an agency with jurisdiction over the
project

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Conflict with any applicable habitat conservation plan
or natural community conservation plan

Result in the loss of availability of a known mineral

resource that would be of value to the region and the

residents

Result in the loss of availability of a locally-important

mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local
general plan, specific plan or other land use plan

Exposure of persons to or generation of noise levels in

excess of standards established

A substantial temporary or periodic increase in ambient

noise levels in the project vicinity above levels existing
without the project

Induce substantial population growth in an area, either

directly (for example, by processing new homes and
businesses) or indirectly (for example, through extension of
roads or other infrastructure

numbers of existing housing necessitating the construction

of replacement housing elsewhere

Displace substantial numbers of people, necessitating

the construction of replacement housing elsewhere

the project increase the use of existing neighborhood

and regional parks or other recreational facilities such
that substantial physical deterioration of the facility
would occur or be accelerated

the project include recreational facilities or require the

construction or expansion of recreational facilities
which might have been an adverse physical effect on
the environment

Cause an increase in traffic which is substantial in relation to

the existing traffic load and capacity of the street system.

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Affect human health directly or indirectly

Have high effluent discharge

High Solid waste generation

Have impact on existing vegetation

impact on the existing faunas

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