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1-Chemical Reactions - PPT Slides

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232 views32 pages

1-Chemical Reactions - PPT Slides

Uploaded by

angelaleey67
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Physical & Chemical Properties

Clues to a Physical Change


Clues to Chemical Change
Gas Tests

Chemical Reactions
Topic List
 Physical & chemical properties (review)
 Physical & chemical change
 Classes of physical change
 Clues to a chemical change
Chemical Reactions
 Chemical reactions are found everywhere,
not just in a science lab
 Example: inside a cell
 Used in many ways in daily life
 Example: cooking
Chemical Reactions
 All chemical reactions involve the conversion
of reactants (starting materials) into new
substances, called products
 The reactants and products can each be
described by their physical or chemical
properties
Physical & Chemical Properties
Properties Physical Chemical
A description of what a
A description of a
substance can do that
substance that does
Definition results in changes into
not involve forming a
one or more new
new substance
substances
• Colour
• Combustibility
• Texture
• Corrosion
• State
Examples • Reaction with acid
• Density
• Bleaching ability
• Solubility
• Melting point
Example: hydrogen + oxygen  water

Molecules Physical property Chemical property

Hydrogen

Oxygen

Water
Activity
 Look at the picture you’ve been given
 Identify all the substances or objects in the
picture
 Describe 3-4 physical properties of each item
 Describe one chemical property of each item
Sugar dissolving in water
Food rotting
Grilling steak
Drying clothes
Glass shattering
Making a hard boiled egg
Changes
 Changes that occur in reactants can be
physical or chemical
 Example:
 Boiling water is a physical change
 Decomposition of water into hydrogen and
oxygen is a chemical change
Changes
 Only chemical changes can be classified as a
chemical reaction

 Q: How can you be sure that the change is a


chemical reaction?
 A: The following slides give you clues to help
you classify whether a change is physical or
chemical
Physical & Chemical Change
Change Physical Chemical
A change in the state or form
Transformation of one or
of a substance that does not
more substances into new
change the original substance
substances with new
Definition • Can result in new physical properties
properties but not new
• A rearrangement of atoms
chemical properties
to form new molecules
• Reorganizing molecules

• Presence of new colour


• Formation of precipitate
• Change in state (includes
• Release or absorption of
dissolving)
Clues • Change in form
energy
• Production of gas
• Difficult to reverse (cannot
use physical means)
Classes of Physical Change
 Change in state
 Examples:
 Evaporating
 Dissolving
 Change in form
 Example: cutting paper in half
Chemical Changes
 Always involves:
 Formation of a new product
 Products that have new properties
 Clues to identify a chemical change
 Presence of a new colour
 Formation of a precipitate
 Release of heat or light or sound
 Release of gas or bubbles
Clues to a Chemical Change
Presence of a new colour
Formation of a precipitate
Clues to a Chemical Change
Release of heat or light
Clues to a Chemical Change

Release energy in the form of heat, light


and/or sound, such as the burning of wood
in a campfire
Visual Clues to a Chemical Change
 Production of gas or
bubbles

 Example
 Reactants: Solid
magnesium metal placed
into a solution of
hydrochloric acid
 Clue: bubbles / gases
 Product: hydrogen gas and
magnesium chloride
Activity
 Look at the picture you’ve been given
 Look for evidence of a physical or chemical
change by referring to the clues
 Classify the change as physical or chemical
Sugar dissolving in water
Food rotting
Grilling steak
Drying clothes
Glass shattering
Making a hard boiled egg
Gas Tests
 Chemical reactions used to identify an
unknown gas produced
 5 gas tests
 Glowing splint test
 Burning splint test
 Extinguishing flame test
 Limewater test
 Cobalt chloride paper test
Video
 Gas Tests (2:10)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LiAvDpl5aJA
Gas Test Summary
Name of Gas Test Action Outcome Conclusion

Glowing splint

Burning splint

Extinguishing flame

Limewater

Cobalt (II) chloride


paper

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