Scribd
Upload
1 views

Lab 6 Blood 2024

Uploaded by

y4nptvfxsp
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
1 views

Lab 6 Blood 2024

Uploaded by

y4nptvfxsp
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 21

Blood: is a specializing connective tissue.

• consists of formed elements which


include erythrocytes, leukocytes and
platelets, and an intercellular substance
called plasma.

• The plasma is a liquid in which the


formed elements are suspended.
• The fibers appear as fibrin when blood is
clotted.
Blood components:
1. Red blood Corpuscles (Erythrocytes): are biconcave disks without nuclei,
when we scan a blood smear, we can observe numerous amounts of R.B.C’s.
2. White blood cells (leukocytes) :
• Spherical nucleated cells
• According to the type of granules of their cytoplasm and the shape
of their nuclei, leukocytes are divided into:
1) Agranulocytes:
• Have cytoplasm that appears homogenous.
• They do not have specific granules, but they contain azurophilic
granules (lysosomes) that bind the azure dyes of the stain.
• The nuclei are round or indented.
• This group includes Lymphocytes and Monocytes.
A. Lymphocytes:

• Spherical cells, most are little larger than


erythrocytes.
• It has a large spherical nucleus surrounded
by narrow rim of cytoplasm.
• The cytoplasm is basophilic.
B. Monocytes:

• Large cells in which the nucleus is oval,


horseshoe, or kidney shaped, and is
generally eccentrically placed.
• The cytoplasm is basophilic and grayish-
blue in color.
2) Granulocytes:

• Possess two types of granules:

a. The specific granules that bind neutral, basic, or acidic components of


the dye mixture and have specific functions.

b. The azurophilic granules which stain purple and are lysosomes.

• Granulocytes have nuclei with two or more lobes, and include the
neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.
1. Neutrophils:

• Polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
• Nucleus has from 3-5 irregular ovoid lobes
connected by fine threads of chromatin.
• The cytoplasm filled with fine neutral
granules.
2. Eosinophils or (Acidophils):

• Larger than neutrophils


• The nucleus is usually bilobed.
• The cytoplasm is filled with coarse
granules and stain with acidic dyes.
3. Basophiles:
• The same size as neutrophil.
• Nucleus usually has irregular two lobes appearing
as (S) shape.
• The cytoplasmic granules are coarse and variable
in size, and stain with basic dyes.
Basophil and Eosinophil in a blood smear

Eosinophil

Basophil
3. Blood Platelets:
• Non-nucleated, disk- like cellular fragments.

• They are rounded or ovoid in shape.

• In stained blood smears, platelets often appear in


clumps.

• Each platelet has a peripheral light blue- stained


transparent zone called the hyalomere, and a
central zone containing purple granules, called
the granulomere.
Hematopoietic tissue

• Hematopoiesis is the process of blood cell formation, beginning with a

pleuripotential stem cell that subsequently goes through a series of cell

divisions and differentiations to produce all the mature blood cells.

• Postnatal hematopoiesis occurs in red bone marrow located in the

spongy bone region of long bones, vertebra, ribs, sternum, and

skull.
pluripotent stem cell
Hemocytoblast
Erythropoiesis – Red Blood Cell Development
Hemocytoblast
• An immature blood stem cell considered as a
pluripotent cell, gives rise to all formed elements.
• It is an amoeboid large cell has a basophilic
cytoplasm and a relatively large nucleus with a
loose network of chromatin and several nucleoli.

Normoblast:
• A small cell contains nucleus that is very dark in
appearance.
• The cytoplasm is acidophilic.
• When it loses the nucleus, it converts to R.B.C.
Granulopoiesis; White Blood Cell
Development
Acidophilic (or Eosinophilic) myelocyte:

• Has a rounded or oval nucleus.


• Coarse granules in cytoplasm.
• It converts to acidophil.

Neutrophilic myelocyte:
• It has a small oval nucleus
• The cytoplasm has fine granules and
stains with neutral stains.
Neutrophilic metamylocyte (juvenile neutrophil):
• It is smaller than myelocyte
• The nucleus is kidney shaped.

• The cytoplasm filled with fine granules.

• It converts to neutrophil.
Megakaryocyte:
• A giant cell with an irregularly lobulated nucleus, coarse chromatin and no visible
nucleoli.

• Its function is the formation of platelets.

You might also like