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WS4 Acids and Naming Salts

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22 views2 pages

WS4 Acids and Naming Salts

Uploaded by

tim.motors.ch
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Reactions of metals and acids

Reactions between most acids and metals follow a very similar pattern, making a ‘salt’ and
hydrogen gas. We can show this pattern using a word equation for the reaction to
represent the reactants (the acid and the metal) making the products (the ‘salt’ and
hydrogen):

Acid + Metal  Salt + Hydrogen

reactants products

A ‘salt’ is a scientific name for the substance produced by these reactions – it does not
mean that you can eat it!

An example of a reaction between an acid and metal would be hydrochloric acid and
magnesium:

hydrochloric acid + magnesium  magnesium chloride + hydrogen

The name of the salt produced comes from the taking the name of the metal in the reaction
(in this example ‘magnesium’), and the name of the acid, but tweaking it slightly to give the
right ending:

Name of acid Type of salt produced


Hydrochloric acid … chloride
Nitric acid … nitrate
Sulfuric acid … sulfate
Ethanoic acid … ethanoate

Use the table above to complete these word equations for reactions between acids and
metals.

hydrochloric acid + calcium  ___________________ + _________

sulfuric acid + iron  ___________________ + _________

_________________ + __________  zinc nitrate + hydrogen

ethanoic acid + magnesium  ___________________ + _________

What is the test for hydrogen gas, and what is the positive result?

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________
Reactions of metal carbonates and acids

Reactions between acids and metal carbonates also follow a pattern: a ‘salt’ is produced
together with water and carbon dioxide gas. Again, we can show this pattern using a word
equation for the reaction to represent the reactants making the products:

Acid + Carbonate  Salt + Water + Carbon dioxide

reactants products

An example of a reaction between an acid and a metal carbonate would be nitric acid and
calcium carbonate:

nitric acid + calcium carbonate  calcium nitrate + water + carbon dioxide

The name of the ‘salt’ is formed in the same way as before, using the name of the metal
and the name of the acid but with the ending changed.

Use the table opposite to complete these word equations for reactions between acids and
metal carbonates.

hydrochloric + sodium  _________ + carbon


+ water
acid carbonate ________ dioxide
+ calcium  _________ + ______
nitric acid + ______
carbonate ________ _______
_________ + ________ + carbon
 lithium sulfate + ______
____ _________ dioxide
_________ + ________  potassium + carbon
+ ______
____ _________ ethanoate dioxide

What is the test for carbon dioxide gas, and what is the positive result?

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

Complete these equations for the reactions of metals and carbonates with acids:

Hydrochloric acid + calcium 

Sulfuric acid + copper carbonate 

Nitric acid + nickel 

Citric acid + sodium carbonate 

Sulfuric acid + ammonium carbonate 

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