GGI 3202 - GIS and Remote

Sensing Applications
Lecture 01-03
Introduction-GIS
Applications
Administrative issues
 Course Assessment
◼ Continuous assessment
 Assignment(s) 5%
 Test(s) 15% 30%
 Practical 10%
◼ Final Exam
 Question 1 30% (Compulsory)
70%
 Q2-Q5 20% Each (Any 2)
◼ Pass mark (40%)
 Teaching style
◼ Set of lectures
◼ Few practical sessions

2
Course Objectives
 Demonstrate a good understanding of GIS and RS applications.
 Carry out a practical application of GIS and RS in an area of their
choice.
 Develop innovative solutions in mapping using GIS and RS.

3
Course Outline & References
 Provided

4
Introduction
 Definitions:
 Geographic Information System
 It is a framework for gathering, managing, processing and analyzing
geographically referenced data and delivering it to the user in graphical or digital
form
 It is a system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and
present all types of geographical data. The key word to this technology is
Geography
 Remote sensing
 is the acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without making
physical contact with the object and thus in contrast to on-site observation,
especially the Earth
 Remote sensors collect data by detecting the energy that is reflected from Earth.
These sensors can be on satellites or mounted on aircraft
 Remote sensors can be either passive or active. Passive sensors respond to
external stimuli. They record natural energy that is reflected or emitted from the
Earth's surface.
 The most common source of radiation detected by passive sensors is reflected
sunlight

5
Benefits of a GIS

Cost savings Improved

communication

Geographical management
Better record
keeping
Patterns of GIS
 GIS applications falls within the following patters.

Location Asset/Resourc Planning & Field Operational Constituent

Enablement es Analysis Mobility Awareness Engagement &
Management feedback
Empower all users to Collect, organize, Transform data Get information Disseminate Get feedback
discover, use, make and exchange spatial into actionable into and out information where and make
and share spatial and attribute data information of the field and when it informed decisions
information is needed

Your Integrated Web GIS Platform

Your Integrated Web GIS Platform

7
Functions of a GIS

• A geographic information system is a platform used to

create, store, analyze, and present data with a spatial
component.

Create Store Analyze Present

Questions GIS can answer

What has
What is where? changed? What is related?

What is
happening? What if – then - else?
Components of a GIS

Data and services

Network Software

People using
information products

Cloud Hardware

Workflows
GIS
Supports Three Fundamental Types of Systems

System of
System of Insight Engagement
(Analytics) (Apps and Maps)

System of Record
(Transactions)
Applications of GIS
 Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
Sea Ice Monitoring

Global Biodiversity Mapping

Modeling Anthrax Risk
Tracking Fish
Spawning

Coral Bleaching
Carbon and
Biodiversity Modeling

US National Ice Center

Barents Sea
Federal Centre for Alaska Department
E.O. Wilson Biodiversity Foundation Animal Health of Fish and Game
Ethiopia Russian Federation
Alaska

Eötvös Loránd University Water Quality Modeling

Conservation International Calituban Reef, Philippines
Global
Observing Ozone
from Wildfires Modeling the
Human Footprint
Methane Gas Measuring
Monitoring Monitoring
Visualizing Volcanic Plant Health
Ground Water
Eruption Plume

Habitat
NASA Richness
North America TCarta Marine
San Diego

NASA HANA
St. Vincent | Grenadines Resources
Environment and California
Climate Change
Ontario, Canada Kyl Center for Water Policy
Stone Environmental Arizona
Permian Basin, Texas | Arizona The Nature Conservancy
Western Mongolia
Natural Resources Management
Geologic Mapping

Sugarcane Pest Monitoring

Prospecting for Gold
Aquaculture
Planning
Suitability for
Aggregate Mining

McDowell Sonoran
Land Conservancy
Maricopa County, Arizona
Vasni Pech Kenex
Belize Australia

Innovasea Systems
West Coast of Africa Burgex Mining Consultants
Southeast US

Farming Suitability Prioritizing Urban

Tree Planting Field-Based
Planning Forestry Management
Sustainable Agriculture

Forest Inventory

City of St. Louis

Missouri

Elijah Allan Restoration of Forest Habitats

Navajo Nation

GI Geoinformatik
Emater-DF / UnB Bavaria ARC-GREENLAB
Pipiripau Basin, Brazil Lower Saxony, Germany
Université 20 Aout 1955 Skikda
Foret Zouagha, Mila, Algeria
Conservation Assessment, Planning and Management
Green Infrastructure
Planning
Regional Conservation Planning
Human-Elephant Conflict Bird Flyway
Connectivity Analysis

Assessing
Conservation Activities
Elephant
Home Range

University of
Tennessee
Chattanooga,
Alessandra Gattei Tennessee
Po River Hydrographic Basin, Italy Boffa Miskell
Auckland, New Zealand
Game Rangers
International
Kafue National Park, Zambia Managing
Blue Raster Ecosystems with Fire
Monitoring Mangrove Loss Amazon

Environmental Restoration Modeling

Ecosystems Services

Marine
Sanctuary Planning

Estudiante
Uruguay

The Nature
Conservancy Caesb Archbold
Indonesia Brasilia, Brazil Biological Station
CPC Florida
Gulf of Mexico
Managing, Analyzing and Applying Land Information
Public Parcel Basemap Viewer

Urban Tree Permitting

Auditor Dashboard

Parcel Fabric
Open Data Portal
Assessed Valuation

St. Louis County

Auditor’s Office Gilpin County
Minnesota Colorado

Sheboygan County
SymGEO Wisconsin
Washington, D.C.
Pro-West & Associates Fit-for-Purpose
Polk County, Minnesota
Surveying
TopoWorks Property Assessment,
Natural Resource Leases Fishers, Indiana
Before Soils and Floodplains

Cadastre
without Borders
Property
3D Surveys
Assessments

Surveying & Mapping

NEXAFRIKA Macon County, Missouri Dutch
Kinshasa, DRC Kadaster
Colombia
Surveying and Mapping
Christian County, Missouri
Estonian Land Board
Tetra Tech Tallinn, Estonia
Kansas
Urban Design and Planning

Transit Oriented Development Visibility Studies

Urban Design (Using Voxels)

Integrated Visualizing Zoning

Community Planning Proposed
Building Review

Eindhoven,
The Netherlands
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie
Lubin, Poland

University of Tennessee Housing Plan Coordination Regional

Knoxville, Tennessee Dubai Municipality
Dubai Sustainability Planning
City of Miramar
South Florida
General Plan New Development Modeling
Management
Updating
Urban Plan
Land Use
Inventory SCAG Master Plan
California
Development

TSPA
Berlin-Brandenburg,
Germany
Draw Tap GIS Uppsala kommun
Southern California
Uppsala, Sweden

Apur
Paris, France
Kenton County Houseal Lavigne Associates
Morrisville, North Carolina
Kentucky
Building, Facility and Campus Modeling

Facility Maintenance Workspace & Campus Management

Space Management

Manufacturing
Plant Management Indoor Fire
Response

Schoolcraft
College / Fishbeck
R&K Solutions Michigan
Virginia CERN
Walking Campus Switzerland
Directions
OverIT
Italy

Al-Ahmadi Hospital
BIM & GIS Integration Kuwait Fire Force Campus Walk
Time Modeling

Workplace
Planning

Arup MSU
Cardiff, UK East Lansing,
Michigan
KUET
OverIT Khulna,
Italy Bangladesh
Transportation Planning and Management

Airport Space
Management
Real-Time Traffic Monitoring

Designing Solar in
Highway Right-of-Way San Francisco
Analyzing Drone Delivery Intl Airport
Trip Purpose Optimization California

Colorado DOT Truck Parking Optimization

Denver, Colorado The Ray Origin and
Iowa Destination Modeling

Transmilenio Airspace
Bogota, Colombia Link
Optimizing Bus Syracuse,
New York
Routes & Stops Mapping Road
Crash Data Quetica
Texas

Managing
Real-Time Maritime Shipping
Bus Ridership Traffic Collisions
Analyzing
Bus Ridership

City of Columbus Transportasi

Ohio Jakarta
Warsaw University Indonesia
of Technology Jan Acusta
Brzeg Dolny, Poland Ontario, Canada
Urzad Morski W Gdyni
Polish Sea Area
LYNX - CFRTA
Orlando, Florida
 Engineering and Public Works Management
Visualizing
Street Light Maintenance Underground Utilities
Pipeline
Construction Management

Work Order Citywide Building Survey

Management
Real-Time
Parking Control

Tetra Tech Topomat

City of Durham US
Geneva, Switzerland
Durham, North Carolina

Tamano Consultants
Yangon, Myanmar
Cityworks
Round Rock, Texas
Tartu Linnavalitsus Responding to
Tartu, Estonia Illegal Dumping
Habitat Protection in BIM & GIS Integration
Public Right-of-Way

Solid Waste Recycling

Targeting
Infrastructure Investment

City of Los Angeles

California
Clearion ARC-GREENLAB
US Autobahn A100,
Berlin, Germany

Revolution D HDR
Columbia, South Carolina County of Beaufort Ontario, Canada
South Carolina
 Water and Wastewater Management

Sewer Condition Dashboard

Managing Inspections
Fire Hydrant Capacity

Service Orders
Leaks and Low Income

ITpipes
Sheboygan, Wisconsin
CyberTech
Kansas City, Kansas
Volue AS
Drammen, Norway

Field City of Salem

Age of Network Assessments Massachusetts
Pump Room Visualization
(BIM Integration)

Sewer Sewer Dashboard

Capacity
Condition
Survey & Analysis Emergency
Shutoffs

CAW
Little Rock, Arkansas

Civil Solutions | ARH

Breckenridge, New Brunswick, New Jersey
Minnesota
LandTech Consultants
ITpipes Florida
Milwaukee Metropolitan California
Sewage CAW
Wisconsin Central Arkansas
 Energy Utilities

Colonial
Pipeline
Gas Outage Wind Farm Management
Monitoring Assets
Monitoring Weather
& Outages
Site Selection

Network
Management
NEPA Alliance
US

Alameda Municipal Power Solar Potential

California Analyzing
Power Outages
Visualizing
Underground Utilities
Exprodat
Pole Integral GIS Irish Sea, UK
Inspection Northeast US
SSP Innovations
CPS Energy
San Antonio, Texas
Enel Green Power
Maharashtra, India

Symology
Perth, Scotland Alameda Municipal Power Monitoring
California
Wind Generation
Vegetation Management Network Design
Wind & Solar
Schneider Electric Suitability Modeling
Florida Visualizing
Proposed
Power Lines

Aegean Energy Group

North America
AAM Group
Melbourne, Australia
Cyient Schneider Electric
Reading, UK Florida K2 Engineering
Germany
Telecommunications
3D Fiber
Network Design
Modeling & Mapping
Broadband Coverage
Wire & Wireless
Network Planning Small Cell
Deployment

Network
Management

Cyient NTIA
UK US
City of Fremont
Millennium Geospatial California
Florida

Lidar Based Cell Tower Optimization Analyzing

5G Tower Regional Coverage
G&G Technology
Selection Pereira, Colombia
AAM Group Network Planning
Sydney, Australia

Households with
Broadband Internet
Ekspera
Connecticut

City of Albuquerque
New Mexico

Connected Nation
Michigan

US DOE
US
Public Safety and Emergency Management

Opioid Overdoses
Indoor 911 Response Managing
Neighborhood Watch EMS Calls
Creating Evaluating Fire
NextGen 911 Station Drive Times

Citizen County of Riverside

Reporting California

Analyzing Fire History

GeoComm
St. Cloud, Minnesota

City of Scottsdale
RapidSOS | GeoComm Arizona
California InterDev
City of Merced Georgia
California

Mapping Historic Hot Spot

Crime Rates Crime Analysis City of Carlsbad
California
Kumamoto
Prefectural Police
Japan Monitoring Global Security Risk
Real-Time Crime Monitoring
Tracking School Threats

Vancouver Police Dept.

Canada

VertiGIS
City of Baton Rouge Global
SAIT Louisiana
Alberta, Bent Ear Solutions
Canada Southern California
Disaster Preparation and Response
Mapping
Community
Risk Zones
Managing Earthquake Response Storm Surge &
Liquefaction Hospital Impacts
Susceptibility
Ground Deformation Hurricane
Near Volcano Targeting Impacts on
Hurricane Nursing Homes
Financial Aid

IDEMA
Izmir Province of Turkey

Bent Ear Solutions City of New York

Gulf Coast New York

Kokusai Kogyo Co., Ltd. American Red Cross

Mt. Nyiragongo, DR Congo Flood Pre-Planning Louisiana
Wildfire Mapping US DHS
Houston, Texas

University of Athens
Corinth, Greece
Tsunami Visualization

Damage Assessment Real-Time

Response
Fire Risk
Assessment Flood
Simulation

First Due
Fairfax, Virginia Kokusai Kogyo Co., Ltd.
Fukushima, Japan

First Due
County of Pickens Arcadia, California Kajima Corporation
Louisiana Tokyo, Japan SymGEO
Laurel, Maryland
FlameMapper
Marin County, California
 Census, Demographics and Statistics

Census “Complete Count” Reporting Population and Employment

Population Change

Change in Resident Population

Indonesian Institute
of Sciences
State of California West Papua, Indonesia
Inland Empire, California

Health Insurance Coverage

SymGEO
Voting Behavior Washington, D.C.

US Census Bureau
US

Percent Uninsured Population

(Under Age 65)
Migration to Libya

Internet Speed
Redistricting
Dept. of
Statistics
Bermuda

State of Utah
Salt Lake City, Utah
PwC Polska
Libya

NPGS State of Utah

Georgia
Utah
US Census Bureau
US
Social Equity

Lingering Effects Access to Teenage

of Redlining Health Facilities Pregnancy
Voting Patterns & Access Hotspots

Poverty & Access to

Redlining
Legal Resources
Post Office
Accessibility

Morgan State
University County of Collin
Baltimore, Maryland Texas Columbia University
Gombe District,
Zambia
Lagniappe Law Lab Social & Scientific
Louisiana Systems
Critical Think Trails and Uganda
Detroit
Equity Planning Navajo Nation Underprivileged Population
Food & Public Housing
Insecurity Park Accessibility
and Equity
Mapping Racism

Statutarni Mesto Jihlava

Jihlava, Czech Republic

Rails-to-Trails
Conservancy The FaithX Project
Chemonics Houston, Texas Brooklyn, New York
International The Trust for Public Land
Horn of Africa Minnesota
 COVID-19 Monitoring and Response

Global Dashboard Case Surveillance &

Quarantine Management

Vaccine
Site Selection
Visualizing Pandemic Dynamics Aid Package
Distribution
Case Monitoring

Johns Hopkins
University Godwin Akpan
Public Dashboard Liberia
Universitas Gadjah Mada
Indonesia
County of Carver
Minnesota
Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia
Community Outreach
WHO European Region Based on COVID-19 Index
Europe | Central Asia
Infection Near Me

Early Detection Return to Office

(Wastewater Monitoring) Management
Navajo
Nation Cases Spatiotemporal
Case Density Map

City of San Antonio

Bexar County, Texas
Pertamina
Geothermal Energy Government of
Jakarta Metropolitan
British Columbia
Elijah Allan Canada
US

Esri Spain Tohoku University

Madrid Tokyo, Japan
Business Analysis and Economic Development Targeting
Economic Development

Multi-Hazard Insurance Risk Assessment

Monitoring Electric
Territory Design Vehicle Sales
Economic
Development Hub

Distribution Center
Site Selection
Instituto de
Desenvolvimento
Integrado
Brazil
TRC
Japan City of Buckeye
Arizona
4CTechnologies
Hawaii
East Java, Indonesia
Assessing
Optimizing Delivery Routes Agricultural Markets
ECIL
Pakistan
COVID-19 Financial
Household Resilience
Visualizing Stadium Beer Sales
Monitoring
Business Market
Growth Analysis

Propcom Mai-Karfi,
Palladium Group
Nigeria
Zumot Co.
Amman, Jordan Houseal Lavigne Associates Retail Profit
Pennsylvania Fukuoka Komuten Management
Japan New York City,
Bangkok, Thailand New York
Imagery and Remote Sensing
Pipe Deficiency
Assessment (SAR)
Planimetric &
Vegetation Health (NDVI) Oblique Lidar
from Drone Imagery

Satellite-Derived
Bathymetry
Building Feature
Extraction (AI)
Forest Inventory
(Satellite)
Lidar & Imagery
Mapping

Utilis
TCarta Marine San Diego,
Bahamas, Caribbean Sea California
Sanborn Map
Memorial Park Atlantic City, New Jersey
Conservancy
Houston, Texas
USFS City of Sioux Falls
Tongass National CompassData South Dakota
Forest, Alaska Crop Health Steamboat Springs, Colorado Surveillance of
(NDVI) Illegal Fishing
Urban Tree Cover
Global Precipitation
Modeling Snow
Depth & Runoff

NASA | ADNET Systems HawkEye 360

Global
Galápagos Islands,
USFS Ecuador
San Juan, Puerto Rico Kenneth Kwabena Airborne Snow
Eastern Region of Ghana Observatory
Colorado
Cartography
Mapping Mars

Aeronautical Chart
Warming of the Arctic
Mars Lander Suitability

Wine Consumption

Planetary Modeling
AED Aero Mars
Kingdom of Jordan
Woodwell Climate
Zoning Research Center
(Color Blind Palette) Global NASA
Mars

Research
Foundation
Watershed
of the UWF Wall Map
Europe

Stereo Viewing Citizen Guide Map

Hydrology of
Hiking the Rio Grande
Map Atlas

VertiGIS
Zurich, Switzerland SterlingCarto
Southern Colorado
Cottenham Open
Cambridge, UK Benchmark
Maps USS Academy
InterDev South India
Freytag, Berndt Baja California
North Carolina
& Artaria
Salzkammergut, Austria
Telecommunications
Network Assessment
and Work Orders Fiber Network Management

4G Site Selection

Network
Management

India

Proposed Network Routing

Partner Award

Fiber Strand Visualization

Cellular Network Analysis Work Order

Management Fiber Home
Networks
Commercial & Business
Bank Market Share

Insurance
Agent Allocation Retail Site Selection
Target Marketing

Finding the
Best Fishing Hole
Customer Analysis

Drone Delivery Routing

Wealth Management

Customer
Accessibility Modeling

Sales Performance
Modularity
 This is the degree to which a system's components may be separated
and recombined, often with the benefit of flexibility and variety in use.
 The concept of modularity is used primarily to reduce complexity by
breaking a system into varying degrees of interdependence and
independence across and "hide the complexity of each part behind an
abstraction and interface.
 However, the concept of modularity can be extended to multiple
disciplines, each with their own specific natures.
 Modularity entails making multiple modules first and then linking and
combining them to form a complete system.
 It enables re-usability and minimizes duplication
 In addition to re-usability, modularity also makes it easier to fix problems
as bugs can be traced to specific system modules, thus limiting the scope
of detailed error

34
 Advantages of Modularity
 Faster time to market
 Project time can be dramatically shortened if fabrication, assembly, and testing of the process system occur
during any site civil and facilities construction.
 Start-up time is also minimized since systems can be fully assembled and tested before implementation,
reducing the amount of on-site start-up time.
 Delays are eliminated during process system development since components are assembled separately.

 Reduced costs
 Lower labor and operational costs are achieved due to a shorter project timeline, efficient use of material, and
a smaller crew.
 Off-application module development does not interrupt or shut-down pre-existing operations.

 Safety Benefits
 Safety risks are reduced for modular process plant personnel with fewer onsite OSHA exposure hours and smaller
crew sizes
 Ideal construction conditions provided by an enclosed fabrication facility further reduce safety risk for fabricators

 Fewer Resource Requirements

 Easier to Debug
 Reusable Code
 Readability
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Example Modularity: County Governments
 Agriculture.
 County health services.
 Control of air pollution, noise pollution, other public nuisances and outdoor
advertising.
 Cultural activities, public entertainment and public amenities.
 County transport.
 Animal control and welfare.
 Trade development and regulation.
 County planning and development.
 Pre-primary education, village polytechnics, home craft centers and childcare
facilities.
 County public works and services.
 Firefighting services and disaster management.
 Control of drugs and pornography.

36
Modules.
 Revenue collection
 Project management
 Agriculture.
 County health services.
 County transport.
 Trade development and regulation.
 County planning and development.
 Pre-primary education, village polytechnics, home craft centers and childcare
facilities.
 County public works and services.
 Firefighting services and disaster management.

37