Practice Midterm Name:. For questions 1 - 5: A migraine is a particularly painful type of headache, which patients sometimes wish to treat with acupuncture. To determine whether acupuncture relieves migraine pain, researchers conducted a randomized controlled study where 89 females diagnosed with migraine headaches were randomly assigned to one of two groups: treatment or control. 43 patients in the treatment group received acupuncture that is specifically designed to treat migraines. 46 patients in the control group received placebo acupuncture (needle insertion at non-acupoint locations). 24 hours after patients received acupuncture, they were asked if they were pain free. Results are summarized in the contingency table below. Pain Free? Yes No Total Grou “Treatment 10 33 43 p Control 2 44 46 Total 12«77~—«89 1. (2pts) What are the explanatory and response variable (and the type of variable). a. Acupuncture Type (explanatory/categorical), Pain Status (Response/numerical) b. Acupuncture Type (explanatory/categorical), Pain Status (Response/categorical) c. Pain Status (explanatory/categorical), Acupuncture Type (Response/numerical) d._ Pain Status (explanatory/numerical), Acupuncture Type (Response/numerical) . Pain Status (explanatory/categorical), Acupuncture Type (Response/categorical) 2. (1. pt) What percentage of patients were pain free? 3. (1 pt) What percentage of patients were in the control group? 4, (1.pt) What percentage of patients in the treatment group still in pain? 5. (1.pt) What percentage of patients in pain were in the control group? 6. (1pt) Intro Chemistry has over 1200 students per semester. The students are divided into lab sections of 40 students, and administered by teaching assistants. The Intro Chemistry coordinator wants to conduct a survey about how satisfied the students are with the course, and he believes that the students in the lab sections are roughly the same from lab to lab. Suggest a sampling strategy for the professor's survey. a. Simple Random Sample b. Cluster Sample c._ Stratified Sample d. Systematic SampleFor Questions 7-10: A study was conducted where researchers collected data to examine the relationship between air pollutants and preterm births among all babies in Southern California. During the study, air pollution levels were measured by air quality monitoring stations. Length of gestation (in days) were collected on 143,196 births between the ‘years 1989 and 1993 from hospitals in large cities, and researchers noticed a noticeable increase in preterm births in areas with more air pollution, 7. (1.pt) Identify the population of interest study. a. The air pollutant level b. Preterm babies . All babies in Southern California d. 143,196 babies born between 1989 and 1993 8. (1_pt) Can the researchers claim the levels of air pollution affected the preterm birth rate? Yes, since they have a very large sample of over 143,000 births Yes, since they collected the data over the course of 4 years No, since this is an observational study No, since the births are only collected during a 4 year period Yes, since there was a large difference in preterm births in areas with more air pollution. paoge 9. (1.pt) Can the researchers generalize the results to the population of interest? ‘a. Yes, since they have a very large sample of over 143,000 births b. Yes, since they collected the data over the course of 4 years c. No, since this is an observational study d. No, since the births are only collected from a few different cities 10. (1 pt) What graph should the researchers create to illustrate the relationship between air pollution levels (parts per millions) and length of gestation? a, Two-way Table b. Boxplot CHistogram —_d, Scatterplot e. Something not listed For questions 11-13: A study is designed to test the effect of light level and noise level on exam performance of students. The researcher believes that light and noise levels might have different effects on males and females, so wants to make sure both are equally represented in each treatment. The light treatments considered are fluorescent overhead lighting, yellow overhead lighting, no overhead lighting (only desk lamps). The noise treatments considered are no noise, construction noise, and human chatter noise. The students are randomly assigned a treatment combination. 11. (1 pt) What type of study is this? ‘a. Randomized Experiment b, Observational - Prospective . Observational - Retrospective d. Survey 12. (1 pt) How many total treatment combinations are there in the study? 13, (1 pt) What is the role of the noise variable in this study? a. Response variable b. Afactor c. Lurking variable d. Blocking variable14, (1 pt) In 2017, each American households spent an average of about $52 on Halloween merchandise such as costumes, decorations and candy. To see if this number had changed, researchers conducted a new survey in 2018 before industry numbers were reported. The survey included 1,500 households and found that average Halloween spending was $58 per household. What is the value of the parameter? Bonus point for using the correct notation. For questions 15-16: Use the plots below to answer the questions 200 25 150 204 —] 100 15: 50 10 0 = 10 15 20 25 15. (1 pt) What characteristic of the data is not obvious in the histogram, but is obvious in the boxplot? 16. (1 pt) What characteristic of the data is present in the histogram, but not present in the boxplot? 17. (1 pt) Students in an AP Statistics class were asked how many hours of television they watch per week (including online streaming). This sample yielded an average of 4.71 hours, with a standard deviation of 5.18 hours. What shape do you expect the distribution to take? a. Symmetric b. Left Skewed c. Right Skewed Uniform 18. (1 pt) The segmented bar plot below shows the blood type percentages between the US and Canada. What can you determine about the relationship between blood type and country? a. Associated b. Dependent c. Correlated. IndependentFor questions 19-21: Sophia who took the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) scored 165 on the Verbal Reasoning section and 160 on the Quantitative Reasoning section. The mean score for Verbal Reasoning section for all test takers was 151 with a standard deviation of 7, and the mean score for the Quantitative Reasoning was 153 with a standard deviation of 9. Suppose that both distributions are nearly normal. To receive full credit, draw and shade the normal curve correctly. 19. (2 pts) Which section of the GRE did Sophia do better, relative to the other test takers? a. Verbal b. Quantitative c. Equally Well d. Can't determine 20. (2 pt) What percentage of test takers did better than Sophia on her Quantitative section? 21. (2 pt) What score would Sophia need to get on the Quantitative reasoning section to be the 99" percentile? 2. (1 pt) What type of correlation would you expect to see for car type (sports car, sedan, truck, SUV) and max speed? a. Positive, strong b. Positive, weak c. Negative, strong _d, Negative, weak e. Not applicable Use for 23-25: At the Buffalo Wing World Championships, contestants eat as many Buffalo wings as possible in ten minutes. The number of wings consumed by the contestants is summarize in the boxplot below. Among all competitors, the mean number of wings eaten was 127 and the standard deviation was 44. -bufflo Wings consumed 10 minutes 23, (1 pt) The interquartile range of this dataset is 63. What does this mean? 63 participants ate between 91 and 154 wings. b. For half of participants, the number of wings eaten was within 63 wings of the median, ©. For approximately 95% of participants, the number of wings eaten was within 126 wings of the median. d. The number of wings eaten by the middle half of participants were within 63 wings of each other.24, (1 pt) What percentage of all participants ate more than 91 wings? 25. (2 pts) What would be the preferred measure of center for this distribution? a. The median of 117 wings because the data is symmetric b. The median of 117 wings because the data is skewed c. The mean of 127 wings because the data is symmetric d. The mean of 127 wings because the data is skewed For questions 32-34: A rental car company monitoring the safety of its vehicles kept track of the number of miles tires had been driven (in thousands) and the tread depth (in mm). The data collected was for vehicles between 20,000 and 40,000 miles. The slope and intercept are: Slope | 0.74 Intercep t 42.35 26. Write out the regression model using the correct notation 27. (2pt) What is the residual of a tire with 39,000 miles that has 16.31 mm of tread depth? 28. (1 pt) The plot on the right is the residual plot. This is evidence that a linear model Not appropriate since the residual plot has a correlation near 0, Not appropriate since there are large, influential outliers. Not appropriate since there is a clear pattern to the residuals. ‘Appropriate since about the same number of residuals are above as below the line. Appropriate since there is clearly a strong association between the two variables. 29. Interpret the slope of the model 30. (1 pt) Using this model to predict the expected tread depth of a vehicle with 60,000 miles would be an example of... a.leverage b.extrapolation _—c. lurking variable. influential points __e. causationXEN+S42 P\AY pla} P(AVB)=P(A)+P|B|—P|AAB) P\|AAB|=P(A\x P|BIA) PIAAB P(BIA\= P|Al e=y-p Q,1£LSIQR Normalcdf(lower, upper, mean, sd) Invnormi(left area, mean, sd) Name:. Score: