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Reproduction double

Male and female reproduction

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7 views1 page

Reproduction double

Male and female reproduction

Uploaded by

ryanojoyce3
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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I. R.

M ’19 form 5 biology notes


REPRODUCTION

Types or forms of reproduction


1. Asexual reproduction
2. Sexual reproduction

1. Asexual reproduction

Asexual reproduction is the process resulting in the genetically identical offspring from one
parent. In short it does not require another organism of the same species just one parent is
enough to reproduce asexually.

Examples of asexual reproduction in animals

a. Binary fission: this is found in single organisms such as Amoeba and bacteria. These
single cell organisms divide into 2 daughter cells identical.
b. Spore formation in moulds: as a result of fungi such as Mucor
c. Budding in Hydra. Where an outgrowth grow on the side of the parent and detaches
forming an independent animal.
Examples of asexual reproduction in plants
-runners (above ground horizontal stems), rhizomes (underground horizontal stems), suckers
(outgrowths on the parent plant around the roots), tubers (underground vertical stems)
Commercial applications of asexual reproduction in flowering plants

i. growing of sweet potatoes and grapes: since the offspring is genetically identically to the
parent, this means the good characteristics of the parent are passed onto the new individual hence
preserving good qualities. Therefore sweet potatoes are produced using vegetative propagation
i.e. cutting. The part that is cut is then covered by soil and it is being watered for a few days. The
cut part develops roots and the plant grows faster than if seeds were used.

ii. Production of oranges using grafting and budding methods: a bud of an orange is inserted
under the bark of a lemon plant since the two plants are close varieties. This is used to produce a
plant which will produce fruits with the combination of the two plants. This can also be used to
produce desired qualities of plants with flowers of a particular or shape can be produced by
gardeners.
Difference between asexual and sexual reproduction

Asexual reproduction Sexual reproduction

1. there is no variation (parent same as offspring 1. there is variation (parents may be different
genetically) from offspring genetically)
2. Seed dispersal or pollination not important. 2. Modes of seed dispersal and pollination
important.
3. Involves only one parent to produce young 3. Involves two parents which produce gametes
ones. which will have to meet to produce a young one

2. Sexual reproduction

This is the process which involves the fusion of the nuclei from two gametes to form a zygote
in animals or embryo in plants. -In sexual reproduction genetic information from two parents
combines to produce a new individual. This form of reproduction leads to variation.

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