ASPIRE ENGENIUS

E B 0 2 5 TOPIC 2 .0

BASIC
ELECTRICAL
CIRCUITS
2.1 Generation, transmission and
distribution of electricity
2.2 Direct Current (DC) Circuit
2.3 Circuit Configuration
2.4 Ohm’s Law
2.5 Kirchhoff’s Laws
2.6 Alternating Current (AC) Circuit
2.7 R,L,C Basic Circuits
 ASPIRE
EB025 | TOPIC 2 : BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
ENGENIUS

TOPIC 2: BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS

DIRECT CURRENT CIRCUIT

1. Define the following electrical quantities. Write the SI units of each quantities. [9 marks]
(i) Electrical charge
(ii) Current
(iii) Voltage
(iv) Resistance
(v) Power
(vi) Energy
2. (a) How much energy in joules would be required to operates a 60 W lamp for 30 minutes?
[3 marks]

(b) How much time is required for 12.5 x 1018 electrons to leave the negative terminal of battery
if the current provided by the battery is 0.5 A? [3 marks]

(c) A 0.4 mm diameter conductor has a resistance of 250 Ω. Determine the resistance of the
same conductor if the diameter is doubled.
[4 marks]

3. (a) A power supply generates a constant current of 2A for 10 seconds to flow through a bulb. If
4 kJ is given in a form of light and heat energy, calculate the voltage drop across the bulb.
[4 marks]

(b) If a charge of 25 C flows through a circuit within 125 ms, determine the circuit current.
[2 marks]

(c) A circuit delivers energy at the rate of 20 W and the current is 10 A. Determine the energy
of each coulomb of charge in the circuit. [2 marks]

PREPARED BY :
AMIRAH JALALUDDIN
 ASPIRE
EB025 | TOPIC 2 : BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
ENGENIUS

4. (a) Refer to FIGURE 1, state the difference between circuit (a) and circuit (b). State the
equation to calculate the total resistance for each circuit.
[3 marks]

FIGURE 1
(b) Two resistors R1 and R2 are connected in parallel. If R1 = 50 Ω and the current through R2 is
three times the value of the current through R1, determine the value of R2. [4 marks]

5. (a) A circuit consists of three resistors (R1, R2 and R3) and a DC voltage source, Vs.
(i) Draw a circuit fulfilling all the following requirements:
- R2 and R3 are connected in parallel.
- R1 is connected in series with Vs and the combination of R2 and R3.
Note : Please label all the resistors and the voltage source clearly. [5 marks]

(ii) How many branches does the circuit have ? [1 mark]

(iii) How many loops does the circuit have ? [1 mark]

6.
Refer to FIGURE 1.1, calculate
the total resistance of the circuit,
Rab. [7
marks]

FIGURE 1.1

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AMIRAH JALALUDDIN
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EB025 | TOPIC 2 : BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
ENGENIUS

7.
FIGURE 4 shows a DC circuit. Calculate the total
resistance. [3 marks]

8.
FIGURE 4
Refer to FIGURE 2, calculate the
total resistance of the circuit, Rab.
[7
marks]

FIGURE 2
9.
FIGURE 1 shows a DC circuit. Calculate
the value of R1 if the total resistance is 50
Ω. [3 marks]

FIGURE 1

10. (a) State the Ohm’s Law. [2 marks]

(b) Draw and label the IV characteristic graph of Ohm’s Law. [3 marks]

PREPARED BY :
AMIRAH JALALUDDIN
 ASPIRE
EB025 | TOPIC 2 : BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
ENGENIUS

11.
FIGURE 10 shows an I-V plot for stated
resistance.

(i) Explain about the graph.

(ii) Determine the value of R1 and R2
(iii) If V = 5 V, determine the power
dissipated for each resistor.

[9 marks]
FIGURE 10

12. FIGURE 2 shows an electrical DC circuit. Calculate the total current I1 in the circuit.

[5 marks]
13. For the circuit in FIGURE 1, identify:
(a) the two nodes [1 mark]
(b) two branches (use element’s notation) [1 mark]
(c) two loops (use element’s notation) [1 mark]

PREPARED BY :
AMIRAH JALALUDDIN
 ASPIRE
EB025 | TOPIC 2 : BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
ENGENIUS

14. Describe Kirchhoff’s Current Law and Kirchhoff’s Voltage law with a suitable diagram.
[4 marks]

15.
(d) Refer to FIGURE 3, determine the
relationship between the currents I1, I2, I3, I4
and I5.

[4marks]

FIGURE 3

16.
(b) Refer to FIGURE 2, determine I3 by
using Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL).

[5 marks]

FIGURE 2

17. Referring to FIGURE 1, calculate I2, I4 and I5.

[6 marks]

FIGURE 1

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AMIRAH JALALUDDIN
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EB025 | TOPIC 2 : BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
ENGENIUS

18. Referring to FIGURE 1, calculate:

(a) Resistance, R [4 marks]

(b) Current, I [3 marks]

FIGURE 1
19. FIGURE 1 shows a DC circuit.

Calculate:

(i) the value of resistance R1, if the total

resistance is 50 Ω. [3 marks]

(ii) the voltage of the circuit V if current I

is 4 A. [2 marks]

FIGURE 1

20. Referring to FIGURE 1, calculate:

FIGURE 1
(a) Resistance R1 [3 marks]
(b) Total current I [3 marks]

PREPARED BY :
AMIRAH JALALUDDIN
 ASPIRE
EB025 | TOPIC 2 : BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
ENGENIUS

21.

[13 marks]

FIGURE 1

22.

23.

FIGURE 1

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AMIRAH JALALUDDIN
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EB025 | TOPIC 2 : BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
ENGENIUS

24.

25. (a)

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EB025 | TOPIC 2 : BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
ENGENIUS

(b)

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AMIRAH JALALUDDIN
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EB025 | TOPIC 2 : BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
ENGENIUS

26. (a)

27. (a) A DC power supply generates a constant current of 2 A through a bulb. If 400 W of
power is given, calculate :

(i) Voltage across the bulb. [3 marks]

(ii) Resistance of the bulb. [3 marks]

10

PREPARED BY :
AMIRAH JALALUDDIN
 ASPIRE
EB025 | TOPIC 2 : BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
ENGENIUS

28.

(a) Explain why this phenomenon occurs by using the concept of power dissipation and
Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law. [5 marks]

(b) Suggest an alternative connection that could maintain Light bulb A brightness.
[1 marks]

11

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AMIRAH JALALUDDIN
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EB025 | TOPIC 2 : BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
ENGENIUS

ALTERNATING CURRENT CIRCUIT

1. (a) Define AC current. [2 marks]

(b) With the help of diagram, explain the difference between direct current (DC) and
alternating current (AC) in the form of current flow. [6 marks]

2. A sinusoidal voltage is given by the expression v = 300 cos (100πt). Find the following values :
(i) Frequency f. [2 marks]
(ii) Period T. [2 marks]
(iii) Peak voltage Vp [1 mark]
(iv) r.m.s voltage Vrms [2 marks]

3. Given the sinusoidal voltage v(t) = 50 cos (100πt – 20o) V. Determine:

(i) the root mean square voltage, Vrms. [2 marks]
(ii) phase, Ø [2 marks]
(iii) the frequency of the voltage, f. [2 marks]
(iv) the value of voltage at t = 10 ms. [2 marks]

4. An alternating current given by the expression i(t) = 20 cos 628.3t A is pass through a 2Ω
resistor. Calculate :
(i) Root mean square current [2 marks]
(ii) Peak voltage across the resistor [2 marks]
(iii)Power dissipated by 2Ω resistor [2 marks]
(iv) Frequency of the waveform, f [2 marks]

5. FIGURE 4 shows a sinusoidal voltage waveform.

Determine:

(a) Period, T [ 1 mark]

(b) Frequency, f [ 1 mark]
(c) The equation for v(t)
[2 marks]
(d) The root mean square (rms)
voltage, Vrms [2 marks]

12

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AMIRAH JALALUDDIN
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EB025 | TOPIC 2 : BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
ENGENIUS

6.

7. FIGURE 5 showstwo voltage waveforms.

(a) State the peak voltage for both waveforms. [2 marks]
(b) Calculate the frequency for V1 and V2 [3 marks]
(c) Write the voltage equation for V1 and V2 [4 marks]

8. FIGURE 3 shows two sinusoidal voltage waveforms. Calculate:

(a) Phase different, Ø. [3 marks]

(b) Voltage in a function of time, V2(t). [3 marks]

13

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AMIRAH JALALUDDIN
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EB025 | TOPIC 2 : BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
ENGENIUS

9.

10

11

Calculate:

(a) impedance, Z [1 marks]

(b) current, I [2 marks]
(c) circuit power factor, pf [2 marks]
(d) complex power, S [3 marks]

14

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AMIRAH JALALUDDIN
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EB025 | TOPIC 2 : BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
ENGENIUS

12
Referring to FIGURE 3, calculate:

(a) current, I [4 marks]

(b) phase angle, θ [3 marks]

(c) true power, P [2 marks]

FIGURE 3
13
FIGURE 4 shows a RL circuit. Calculate the
magnitude of impedance Z.

[4 marks]

FIGURE 4
14 Referring to FIGURE 3, calculate:

FIGURE 3
(a) Current, I [ 3marks]

(b) Apparent power, S [ 2 Marks]

(c) Active power, P [2 Marks]

15

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AMIRAH JALALUDDIN
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EB025 | TOPIC 2 : BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
ENGENIUS

15 An AC circuit in FIGURE 3 has a resistance of 6 Ω and an inductance of 25.5 mH. If the current
flowing in the circuit is 10 A when connected to 50 Hz supply, calculate the supply voltage VS.
[6 marks]

FIGURE 3

16 (a) Refer to FIGURE 3, determine:

(i) Total impedance
(ii) Phase different between voltage supply
and current of the circuit
(iii) Real power, raective power and
apparent power of the circuit.
[12 marks]

(b) Refer to FIGURE 3, what will happen to the current flow in the circuit if the inductor been
replaced by a capacitor with the valued of 160 μF. [5 marks]

17

16

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AMIRAH JALALUDDIN
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EB025 | TOPIC 2 : BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
ENGENIUS

18 (i) Define the active power, reactive power and apparent power.
[3 marks]

(ii) What are the difference between inductive load and capacitive load? Show with the power
diagram. [5 marks]

19 Refer to FIGURE 3. [9 marks]

FIGURE 3
Determine:
(i) The total active power (P), reactive power n(Q) and apparent (S) by fill in TABLE 1.
LOAD P Q S
Load 1
Load 2
Total
TABLE 1

(ii) The power factor of the system and draw the power triangle.

17

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AMIRAH JALALUDDIN
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EB025 | TOPIC 2 : BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
ENGENIUS

20

21 (a)

Determine:
(i) the power factor [1 mark]
(ii) the apparent power deliver to the load [3 marks]
(iii) the root mean square (rms) supply voltage [3 marks]

18

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AMIRAH JALALUDDIN