Western Cape Education Department

Directorate: Curriculum FET

PHYSICAL SCIENCES
RESOURCE PACK and MARKING
GUIDELINES
TERM 1

Grade 10

This resource pack is designed to support you in engaging with the

essential content and skills that will be covered during the upcoming
term. Its purpose is to help you grasp key concepts, establish the
required standards, and apply the knowledge necessary to succeed in
your work and assessments.
Table of Contents

Topic1: Transverse Waves, Longitudinal Waves and Sound Waves 2

Question 1 6

Question 2 7

Marking guidelines 9

Question 1 9

Question 2 10

Topic 2: Electrostatics 12

Question 3 13

Marking guidelines 15

Topic 1: Transverse Waves, Longitudinal Waves and Sound Waves

Terminology
Pulse It’s a single disturbance in a medium.
Transverse It is a pulse in which the particles of the medium move at right
Pulse angles to the direction of motion of the pulse.
Amplitude It is the maximum disturbance of a particle from its rest
(equilibrium) position.
Principle of It is the algebraic sum of the amplitudes of two pulses that
Superposition occupy the same space at the same time.
Constructive The phenomenon where the crest of one pulse overlaps with the
Interference crest
of another to produce a pulse of increased amplitude.
Destructive The phenomenon where the crest of one pulse overlaps with the
Interference trough of another, resulting in a pulse of reduced amplitude.
Transverse A wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate at right
Wave angles to the direction of motion of the wave. A transverse wave
is a succession of transverse pulses.
Wavelength The distance between two successive points in phase.

Frequency The number of wave pulses per second.

Period The time taken for one complete wave pulse.

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Amplitude The maximum displacement of a particle from its equilibrium
position.
Crest Highest point (peak) on a wave.

Trough Lowest point on a wave.

Wave Speed The distance travelled by a point on a wave per unit time.

Longitudinal A wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the
Wave direction of motion of the wave.

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QUESTION 1

1.1 The frequency of a wave is defined as the …

A lowest point on a wave.

B time taken for one complete wave.
C number of complete waves per second.
D number of points in phase in a wavelength. (2)

1.2 When two wave crests overlap, the increase in amplitude is due to …

A cancellation.
B two waves in phase.
C destructive interference.
D constructive interference. (2)

1.3 The diagram below represents a transverse wave produced by

source A.

1.3.1 Define the term amplitude of a wave. (2)

1.3.2 Write down the amplitude, in metres, of this wave. (1)

1.3.3 Determine the period of this wave. (1)

1.3.4 Calculate the speed of the wave if the wavelength is 0,8 m. (5)

1.3.5 Calculate the distance d on the diagram. (2)

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1.4 The diagram below represents the transverse wave produced by
source B.

How does EACH of the following properties of the wave produced by

source B compare to that of the wave produced by source A?
Choose from GREATER THAN, SMALLER THAN or EQUAL TO.

1.4.1 Amplitude (1)

1.4.2 Frequency (1)

1.5 Calculate the frequency of the wave produced by source B. (3)

[20]

QUESTION 2

2.1 In which ONE of the following do sound waves travel the FASTEST?

A Air
B Liquids
C Solids
D Vacuum (2)

2.2 The amplitude of a sound wave is increased without changing the

frequency. How does this change affect the loudness and pitch of the
sound?

LOUDNESS PITCH
A Decreases Decreases
B Decreases Increases
C Increases Unchanged
D Increases Increases (2)

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2.3 A sound wave is produced by a source placed a certain distance from
a building as shown below. The echo reaches the source after
8 seconds. The speed of sound in air is 340 m·s-1.

2.3.1 Define the term longitudinal wave. (2)

2.3.2 Calculate the distance between the sound source and the
building. (4)

2.3.3 Name the property of a sound wave that influences its pitch. (1)

2.3.4 Above which frequency is a sound wave classified as

ultrasound? (1)

2.3.5 Name ONE use of ultrasound in the medical treatment of

patients.
(1)
[13]

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Marking Memoranda

Question 1

1.1 C ✓✓ (2)

1.2 D ✓✓ (2)

1.3.1

(2)

1.3.2 0,5 m ✓ (1)

1.3.3 T=8s ✓ (1)

1.3.4 Positive marking from Question 3.3.3

Positiewe nasien van Vraag 3.3.3

(5)

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1.3.5 Positive marking from Question 3.3.4
Positiewe nasien van Vraag 3.3.4

(2)

1.4.1 Greater than/Groter as ✓ (1)

1.4.2 Greater than/Groter as ✓ (1)

1.5

(3)
[20]

Question 2

2.1 C ✓✓ (2)

2.2 C ✓✓ (2)

2.3.1

(2)

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2.3.2

(4)

2.3.3 Frequency/ Frekwensie ✓ (1)

2.3.1 20 kHz ✓ (1)

2.3.5 Diagnosis of medical condition/pregnancy. ✓

Diagnose van medies toestand/swangerskap. (1)
[13]

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 Terminology
Electrons Negative particles occupying space around nucleus.
Elementary charge An indivisible unit of charge i.e.1,6 x 10-19 C.
Neutrons Neutral particles in the atomic nucleus.
Protons Positive particles in atomic nucleus.
The partial or complete polar separation of positive and
Polarisation (of charge)
negative electric charge in a system.
Quantization (of
Division of charge in smaller units
charge)
Principle of Charge cannot be created or destroyed. It can only be
conservation of charge transferred from one object to another.
Principle of charge Every stable and independent object has a charge that is
quantization an integer multiple of the elementary charge.
A type of contact electrification in which certain materials
become electrically charged after they come into contact
Triboelectric charging
with another different material and are then separated
(Triboelectric effect)
(such as through rubbing). The polarity and strength of the
charges produced differ according to the materials.

QUESTION 3

3.1 A rod acquires a negative charge after it has been rubbed with wool.

Which ONE of the following best explains why this happens?

A. Positive charges are transferred from the rod to the wool.

B. Negative charges are transferred from the rod to the wool.
C. Positive charges are transferred from the wool to the rod.
D. Negative charges are transferred from the wool to the rod. (2)

3.2 A rubber balloon obtains a negative charge after it has been rubbed against
human hair.

Which ONE of the statements below best explains why this happens?
A. Negative charges are transferred from the rubber balloon to the human
hair.
B. Positive charges are transferred from the rubber balloon to the human
hair.
C. Positive charges are transferred from the human hair to the rubber
balloon.
D. Negative charges are transferred from the human hair to the rubber
balloon. (2)

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3.3 A learner in a Physical S ciences class rubs his hair with a plastic rod. The rod
becomes negatively charged. The learner now opens a tap so that a thin stream of
water runs from it. When the rod is brought close to the water without touching it, it is
observed that the water bends toward the rod, as shown in the diagram below.

3.3.1 Write down the principle of conservation of charge in words. (2)

3.3.2 Give a reason why the stream of water bends towards the rod. (2)

During the rubbing process 1014 electrons are transferred to the rod.
3.3.3 Calculate the net charge now carried by the rod. (4)

3.4Two small identical spheres, A and B, are suspended on long silk threads, as shown
in the sketch below. The spheres carry charges of +3 x 10-6 C and -2 x 10-6 C
respectively.

3.4.1 Which sphere has an excess of electrons? (1)

3.4.2 The two spheres are allowed to touch. Will the electrons be transferred
from A to B or B to A? (1)
The spheres are now separated
3.4.3 Calculate the new charge on sphere B. (3)
3.4.4 Calculate the number of electrons transferred during contact. (3)

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MARKING GUIDELINES
QUESTION 3

3.1 D (2)

3.2 D (2)
3.3.1 In an isolated system the total/net charge remains constant
ACCEPT
In an isolated system charge is neither created nor destroyed (2)
3.3.2 The water molecule has a positive charge and is attracted toward the rod. 
OR

The positive end of the water molecules are attractedto the negatively
charged rod.

OR
Unlike charges attract.  The positive end of the water molecules are
attracted to the negatively charged comb. (2)

3.3.3

(4)
3.4.1 B (1)
3.4.2 B to A  (1)

3.4.3

(3)

3.4.4

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