Optical &Wireless Communication (21EC72) Question Bank

ELECTRONICS & CMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

[As per Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) scheme]

SEMESTER – VII

OPTICAL & WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

Subject Code 21EC72 CIE Marks 50

Number of 04 (02 + 02 SEE Marks 50

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Lecture Tutorial)
Hours/Week
Total Hours of 30 Exam Hours 03
Pedagogy
CREDITS – 02
Course outcomes

CO1: Classification and characterization of optical fibers with different modes of

signal propagation.
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CO2: Categorize the constructional features and the characteristics of optical fiber
and optical devices used for signal transmission and reception.

CO3: Apply concepts of propagation mechanisms like Reflection, Diffraction, and

Scattering in mobile Radio channel and cellular communication.
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CO4: Illustrate various multiple access techniques used in wireless communication
systems.

CO5: Develop a scheme for GSM architecture and procedures to establish call set
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up, call progress handling and call tear down in a GSM cellular network.

Suggested Learning Resources:

Text Books:
1. Gerd Keiser, Optical Fiber Communication, 5thEdition, McGraw Hill Education
(India) Private Limited,2016. ISBN:1-25-900687-5.
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2. T L Singal, Wireless Communications, McGraw Hill Education (India) Private

Limited, 2016, ISBN:0 07-068178-3.
Reference Books:
1. John M Senior, Optical Fiber Communications, Principles and Practice, 3rd
Edition, Pearson Education, 2010, ISBN: 978-81-317-3266-3
2. Theodore Rappaport, Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice,
2ndEdition, Prentice Hall Communications Engineering and Emerging Technologies
Series, 2002, ISBN 0-13-042232-0.
3. Gary Mullet, Introduction to Wireless Telecommunications Systems and
Networks, First Edition, Cengage Learning India Pvt Ltd., 2006, ISBN-13: 978-81-
315-0559-5.

Shruthi.N, Dept of ECE, SVIT

 Optical &Wireless Communication (21EC72) Question Bank

QUESTION BANK

Sl. Questions Marks Year of CO BT

No. appearing
Module-1
Optical Fiber Structures: Optical Fiber Modes and Configurations, Mode theory for
circular waveguides, Single mode fibers, Fiber materials. Attenuation and Dispersion:
Attenuation, Absorption, Scattering Losses, Bending loss, Signal Dispersion: Modal delay,
Group delay, Material dispersion.
1 What are the advantages and disadvantages 8M July\ aug CO1 L2
of optical fibers 2021
2 Explain different types of abortion losses in 7M July/Aug CO1 L2
optical fibers 2021
3 Explain briefly the following: 6M July/Aug CO1 L2

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V-number or normalized frequency of fiber 2019
Mode –field diameter of a single mode fiber
4 Explain briefly scattering losses 7M July/Aug CO1 L2
2018
5 In briefly discuss the different approaches 7M July/Aug CO1 L2
for single mode fibers 2022
6 Explain the different types of bending loss 7M July/Aug CO1 L2
optical fiber lo 2021
7 What are the advantages & disadvantages 6M July/Aug CO1 L2
of optical fiber 2019
8 Using Snell's law, derive an expression for 7M July/Aug CO1 L2
numerical aperture of a fiber optic cable. 2018
9 A step index fiber has a core and cladding 6M July/Aug CO1 L2
refractive indices of 1.48 and 1.46 2021
respectively and supports propagation of an
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optical signal of wavelength 820nm,
calculate core radius, numerical aperture
and acceptance angle.
9 Derive an expression for pulse spreading 7M July/Aug CO1 L2
due to material dispersion which is a 2021
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function of wavelength and time delay.

10 Explain the various types of chromatic 8M July/Aug CO1 L2
desperation which result from the finite 2022
spectral line width of optical fiber.
Module-2
Optical Sources and detectors: Light Emitting Diode: LED Structures, Light source
materials, Quantum efficiency and LED power, Laser Diodes: Modes and threshold
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conditions, Rate equations, External quantum efficiency, Resonant frequencies,

Photodetectors: The pin Photodetector, Avalanche Photodiodes.
WDM Concepts: Overview of WDM, Isolators and Circulators, Fiber grating filters,
Dielectric thin-film filters, Diffraction Gratings.
1 Explain the types of LED configurations 6M July/Aug CO2 L2
2021
2 Compare LED and LASER, considering the 6M July/Aug CO2 L2
various parameters 2018
3 Draw the cross- section of GaAlAs double 8M July/Aug CO2 L2
hetero structure LED energy band diagram 2019
and refractive index variation. Explain their
importance.

Shruthi.N, Dept of ECE, SVIT

 Optical &Wireless Communication (21EC72) Question Bank

4 With a neat diagram, explain surface 7M July/Aug CO2 L2

emitting LED and Edge emitting LED. 2021
5 With neat diagram explain the working of 7M July/Aug CO2 L2
an edge emitting LED. also mention its 2018
special features & usage
6 Explain the structure of RAPD photodiode. 6M July/Aug CO2 L2
2022
7 Give the comparison between PIN ad APD 6M July/Aug CO2 L2
considering the different parameters 2021
8 Explain the principle of operation of WDM 7M July/Aug CO2 L2
with relevant block diagram. 2022
9 Discuss the design and operation of a 7M July/Aug CO2 L2
polarization independent isolator made of 2021
three miniature optical components.

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10 Derive the expression for internally July/Aug CO2 L2
generated power ad efficiency in a LED 8M 2022

Module-3
Mobile Communication Engineering: Wireless Network generations, Basic propagation
Mechanisms, Mobile radio Channel. Principles of Cellular Communications: Cellular
terminology, Cell structure and Cluster, Frequency reuse concept, Cluster size and
system capacity, Frequency Reuse Distance, Co-channel Interference and signal quality.
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1 Compare 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G and 5 G wireless 8M July/Aug CO3 L1
communications 2021
2 List and explain the type of small scale 06M July/Aug CO3 L2
fading 2022
3 Write note on 06M July/Aug CO3 L2
i) Doppler Shift 2023
ii) Coherence Bandwidth
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iii) Coherence Time
Explain three basic propagation 10M Dec\jan
mechanisms 2023-24
4 Explain the free space propagation model 8M\ 10M July/Aug CO3 L2
used in Mobile Radio Propagation. 2022|23
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5 Find the far-field distance for an antenna 04M July/Aug CO3 L2

with maximum dimension of 1 m and 2022
operating frequency of 900MHz.
6 If a transmitter produces 50W of power, 06M July/Aug CO3 L3
express the transmit power in units of (a). 2022
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dBm, and (b). dBW If 50W is applied to

unity gain antenna with a 900 MHz carrier
frequency, find the received power in dBm
at a free space distance of 100m from the
antenna. What is Pr (10km)? Assume unity
gain for the receiver antenna.
7 Explain the cell structure and cluster 06M July/Aug CO3 L2
briefly 2021
Explain path loss model for free space 08M Jan\ feb CO3 L2
propagation 2023
8 Assume a receiver is located 10 km from a 06M July/Aug CO3 L3
50 W transmitter. The carrier frequency is 2023

Shruthi.N, Dept of ECE, SVIT

 Optical &Wireless Communication (21EC72) Question Bank

900 MHz free space propagation is

assumed, Gt = 1 and Gr= 2. Find a) the
power at the receiver, b) the magnitude of
the E field at the receiver antenna c) The
RMS voltage applied to the receiver input
assuming that the receiver antenna has a
purely real impedance of 50 ohm and is
matched to the receiver.
9 Explain briefly cell splitting and cell 08M Jan/Feb CO3 L2
sectoring 2023
Explain statical channel models 06M Jan/Feb
2023
10 Explain ground reflection (two-ray) model 08M MQP CO3 L2
OR Explain two ray models of ground Jan/Feb

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reflection with necessary equations. 2023
11 What do mean by fading and multipath 8M Jun/FEB CO3 L2
fading? Explain briefly 2023
12 Explain in brief: i). Fading ii). Sectoring. 08M July/Aug CO3 L2
2021
Exhibit the difference between fast fading 10M Dec\jan CO3 L2
ad slow fading channel 2023-24
13 Explain delay spread and coherence
lo 08M July/Aug CO3 L2
bandwidth 2021
14 Explain two ray models of ground 8M Jun/FEB CO3 L2
reflections with necessary equations. 2023
15 Explain the following in brief, 08M July/Aug CO3 L2
i. Path loss and Shadowing 2021
ii. Angular Spread and Coherence
distance
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iii. Doppler Spread and Coherence Time,
OR
Define:
I. Delay spread
II. Coherence bandwidth
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III. Doppler spread

IV. Coherence time
Module-4
Multiple Access Techniques: FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, SDMA, Hybrid Multiple Access
Techniques, Multicarrier Multiple Access Schemes. A Basic Cellular System: A basic
cellular system connected to PSTN, Parts of basic cellular system, Operation of a cellular
system.
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1 Explain SDMA/FDMA system & 7M July/Aug CO4 L2

SDMA/TDMA system 2021
2 Mention the advantages and disadvantages 8M July/Aug CO4 L2
of TDMA over FDMA 2022
3 Write a note on SDMA and CDMA 7M July/Aug CO4 L2
technology 2018
4 What is spread spectrum multiple access 6M July/Aug CO4 L1
(SSMA) and how spread spectrum works 2021
5 Explain Measures to handle the near–far 8M July/Aug CO4 L2
problem in FDMA cellular systems, 2019
6 With a diagram explain the technique of 7M July/Aug CO4 L2
frequency division multiple access (fdma) 2018

Shruthi.N, Dept of ECE, SVIT

 Optical &Wireless Communication (21EC72) Question Bank

7 Explain Salient features of the FDMA/ FDD 6M July/Aug CO4 L2

system concept 2021
8 What are the difference between TDMA 6M July/Aug CO4 L2
systems from FDMA systems 2021

9 List and explain the salient features of 6M July/Aug CO4 L2

TDMA Technique 2022
10 What is spread spectrum multiple access 7M July/Aug CO4 L1
(SSMA) and how spread spectrum works 2021
11 Explain hybrid multiple access techniques 6M July/Aug CO4 L2
2021
12 Explain multi carrier multiple access 7M July/Aug CO4 L2
schemes 2020

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13 With steps explain Mobile-Unit Initialization 8M July/Aug CO4 L2
or Registration 2019
14 Explain the steps for Mobile-Originated 7M July/Aug CO4 L2
Calls 2018
15 Explain Mobile (Cellular)-to-Landline (PSTN) 8M July/Aug CO4 L2
Call Procedures 2022
16 Explain Mobile(Cellular)-to-Mobile (Cellular) 6M July/Aug CO4 L2
Call Procedures 2021
17

18
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Explain steps Network-Originated Calls

Explain the Hand -off Procedure

7M

7M
July/Aug
2020
July/Aug
2019
CO4

CO4
L2

L2

Module-5
Global System for Mobile (GSM): GSM Network Architecture, GSM signalling protocol
architecture, Identifiers used in GSM system, GSM Channels, Frame structure for GSM,
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GSM Call procedures, GSM hand-off Procedures, GSM Services and features.
1 Explain briefly service provided by GSM 06M Jan2017 CO5 L2
2 Describe GSM protocols and signalling 10M jan /Feb CO5 L2
model with neat diagram 2023
3 With neat GSM network architecture, 10M July/Aug CO5 L2
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explain the Network switching system 2022

(NSS). Or Dec\ jan
Explain with neat block diagram GSM 2023-24
network architecture.
4 Explain the different layers and protocols 10M July/Aug CO5 L2
used in GSM Infrastructure 2023
Communications (Um Interface)
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5 List out the ten operations in call setup in 12M June/July CO5 L2
GSM system. Explain in details ciphering 2023
mode setting and IMEI check and
authentication. OR 10M June/July
List the different call setup operations and 2023
with flow diagram interrogation phase and
IMEI check operations. OR
6 Explain steps involved during Intra-BSC 8M July/Aug CO5 L2
handover 2022
7 Classify and name GSM logical channels 10M Jan 2023 CO5 L2
and explain their major functions.
8 Explain GSM identities 8M July/Aug CO5 L2

Shruthi.N, Dept of ECE, SVIT

Optical &Wireless Communication (21EC72) Question Bank

2022
9 Draw and describe the structure of TDMA 10M Jan/Feb CO5 L2
frame, multi frame, super frame and hyper 2023
frame. Specify their time lengths. OR
Explain the TDMA hyper frame structure
with diagram in detail
10 Explain GSM hyper frame with a neat 08M June CO5 L2
diagram. /July
Or 10M 2023
Explain GSM hyper frame with TDMA Dec\ jan
2023-24
11 Explain the function of three layers in a 10M Dec\ jan CO5 L2
network management subsystem. 2023-24

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12 Explain the dedicated control channel. 10M Dec\ jan CO5 L2
2023-24
13 Explain the types of GSM location updating. July/Aug CO5 L2
10M
2022

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Shruthi.N, Dept of ECE, SVIT