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lecture6_2024

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lecture6_2024

Uploaded by

rishishah105
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problems

1) The three components of the velocity in a flow field are given by

a) Determine the divergence (volumetric dilatation rate) and interpret the results.
b) Determine an expression for the vorticity vector. Is this an irrotational flow field?
2) A fluid of constant thickness h flows steadily down a flat surface that is inclined at
an angle θ, as shown below.
a)Make the necessary assumptions to reduce the Cartesian Navier–Stokes equations.
b)Write the differential equation of motion for this problem.
h
c)Specify boundary conditions. y
air
d)Solve for the steady-state velocity profile u(y) for 0 ≤ y ≤ h.
e)Calculate the volumetric flow rate per unit width. x fluid
g

𝜃
3) Two different wind tunnels can be used to test the boundary layer flow developing on a
flat plate. The critical Re number in the 1st tunnel is 5 × 105 , and in the 2nd tunnel it is
2 × 106 . It is desired to obtain a laminar boundary layer on a 2m long plate. The free
stream velocity is 10 m/s. Which tunnel can we use?
𝜇 = 1.82 × 10−5 kgΤm. s 𝜌 = 1.225 kg/m3
4) What is the surface shear stress? How is it calculated? Write the valid equation for
the two-dimensional boundary layer, based on the general equation below. State
your assumptions.
𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑢
𝜏𝑥𝑦 = 𝜇 +
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
5) Consider a Blasius boundary layer flow. Free stream velocity is 10 m/s. At
station x=20 cm , a pitot probe placed in to the boundary layer. Probe indicates
7.6 m/s velocity. What is the distance of the probe from wall?

𝜇 = 1.82 × 10−5 kgΤm. s 𝜌 = 1.225 kg/m3


numerical solution of the Blasius
equation for flow over a flat plate
6) Air at 20 C flows at an average velocity of 5 m/s through a circular pipe of
diameter 0.5 m. We are going to model this flow using water (also at 20 C) in a
pipe of diameter 5 cm. Calculate pressure drop in the airflow case and in our
model flow using water.
7) A laminar boundary layer develops on a flat plate at zero angle of
attack in air (at 20 C). Given that U = 5 m/s and the plate length is
0.5 m
a) calculate , * and  at x = 0.25 m.
b) at what value of y is u/U = 0.5 (at x = 0.25 m)?
c) at what value of y will  = 0.5 w (at x = 0.25 m)?
d) calculate the drag of the plate.
e) what fraction of drag comes from the first half of the plate?
f) what is the v component of velocity at x = 0.25 m, y = 2 mm?
g) what is the streamline angle at the position given in f)?
h) if the plate had been in water (same temperature) at the
same U what would  at x = 0.25 m be? Similarly what would
the plate drag in water be?

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