{Questions for Lab 2}

1. Write a C program to declare variables of different data types (int, float, char, double) and
print their values.

Solution:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int intVar = 10;

float floatVar = 5.25;

char charVar = 'A';

double doubleVar = 123.456;

printf("Integer value: %d\n", intVar);

printf("Float value: %.2f\n", floatVar);

printf("Character value: %c\n", charVar);

printf("Double value: %.3f\n", doubleVar);

return 0;

Output:
2. Write a program to perform basic arithmetic operations (+, -, *, /, %) on two numbers
provided by the user.
Solution:
#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
float num1, num2;

printf("Enter first number: ");

scanf("%f", &num1);

printf("Enter second number: ");

scanf("%f", &num2);

printf("Addition: %.2f + %.2f = %.2f\n", num1, num2, num1 + num2);

printf("Subtraction: %.2f - %.2f = %.2f\n", num1, num2, num1 - num2);
printf("Multiplication: %.2f * %.2f = %.2f\n", num1, num2, num1 * num2);

if (num2 != 0) {
printf("Division: %.2f / %.2f = %.2f\n", num1, num2, num1 / num2);
printf("Modulo: %.0f %% %.0f = %.0f\n", num1, num2, (int)num1 % (int)num2);
} else {
printf("Division and Modulo are not possible with zero as divisor.\n");
}

return 0;
}
Output:
3. Write a program that demonstrates explicit type casting by converting a float to an int and
printing both values.

Solution:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

float floatNum = 9.75;

int intNum;

intNum = (int)floatNum;

printf("Original float value: %.2f\n", floatNum);

printf("Converted int value: %d\n", intNum);

return 0;

Output:
 4. Write a program to swap the values of two variables using a third temporary variable.

Solution:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int a = 5, b = 10, temp;

printf("before swapping\n");

printf("a = %d, b = %d\n", a, b);

temp = a;

a = b;

b = temp;

printf("after swapping\n");

printf("a = %d, b = %d\n", a, b);

return 0;

Output:
5. Write a program to swap the values of two variables without using a third variable, using
arithmetic or bitwise operators.

Solution:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int a = 5, b = 10;

printf("Before Swap: a = %d, b = %d\n", a, b);

a = a ^ b;

b = a ^ b;

a = a ^ b;

printf("After Swap: a = %d, b = %d\n", a, b);

return 0;

Output:
 6. Write a program to take two integers as input and demonstrate the use of relational
operators (==, !=, <, >, <=, >=).

Solution:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int num1, num2;

printf("Enter first integer: ");

scanf("%d", &num1);

printf("Enter second integer: ");

scanf("%d", &num2);

printf("%d == %d: %d\n", num1, num2, num1 == num2);

printf("%d != %d: %d\n", num1, num2, num1 != num2);

printf("%d < %d: %d\n", num1, num2, num1 < num2);

printf("%d > %d: %d\n", num1, num2, num1 > num2);

printf("%d <= %d: %d\n", num1, num2, num1 <= num2);

printf("%d >= %d: %d\n", num1, num2, num1 >= num2);

return 0;

Output:
7. Write a program to demonstrate the use of logical operators (&&, ||, !) in different
conditions.

Solution:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int a = 10, b = 20;

if (a > 5 && b < 30) {

printf("Logical AND (&&): Both conditions are true\n");

} else {

printf("Logical AND (&&): One or both conditions are false\n");

if (a < 5 || b > 15) {

printf("Logical OR (||): At least one condition is true\n");

} else {

printf("Logical OR (||): Both conditions are false\n");

if (!(a > 15)) {

printf("Logical NOT (!): The condition a > 15 is false\n");

} else {

printf("Logical NOT (!): The condition a > 15 is true\n");

return 0;

}
Output:
 8. Write a program that demonstrates the difference between pre-increment and post-
increment operators.

Solutions:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int a = 5, b = 5;

printf("Pre-increment: %d\n", ++a);

printf("Value of a after pre-increment: %d\n", a);

printf("Post-increment: %d\n", b++);

printf("Value of b after post-increment: %d\n", b);

return 0;

Output:
 9. Write a program to demonstrate the use of assignment operators (=, +=, -=, *=, /=, %=).

Solution:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int a = 10, b = 5;

a = b;

printf("After assignment (=), a = %d\n", a);

a += b;

printf("After addition assignment (+=), a = %d\n", a);

a -= b;

printf("After subtraction assignment (-=), a = %d\n", a);

a *= b;

printf("After multiplication assignment (*=), a = %d\n", a);

a /= b;

printf("After division assignment (/=), a = %d\n", a);

a %= b;

printf("After modulus assignment (%%=), a = %d\n", a);

return 0;

Output:
 10. Write a program to print the size of different data types (int, float, double, char) using the
sizeof() operator.

Solution:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

printf("Size of int: %zu bytes\n", sizeof(int));

printf("Size of float: %zu bytes\n", sizeof(float));

printf("Size of double: %zu bytes\n", sizeof(double));

printf("Size of char: %zu byte\n", sizeof(char));

return 0;

Output:
 11. Write a program that takes an integer as input and checks if it is even or odd using the
modulus operator (%).

Solution:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int num;

printf("Enter an integer: ");

scanf("%d", &num);

if (num % 2 == 0) {

printf("%d is even\n", num);

} else {

printf("%d is odd\n", num);

return 0;

Output:
 12. Write a program to calculate simple interest using the formula SI = (P * R * T) / 100, where P,
R, and T are provided by the user.

Solution:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

float P, R, T, SI;

printf("Enter principal amount (P): ");

scanf("%f", &P);

printf("Enter rate of interest (R): ");

scanf("%f", &R);

printf("Enter time period (T) in years: ");

scanf("%f", &T);

SI = (P * R * T) / 100;

printf("Simple Interest (SI) = %.2f\n", SI);

return 0;

Output:
 13. Write a program to find the roots of a quadratic equation using the formula (-b ± √(b² -
4ac)) / 2a.

Solution:

#include <stdio.h>

#include <math.h>

int main() {

float a, b, c, discriminant, root1, root2;

printf("Enter coefficients a, b, and c: ");

scanf("%f %f %f", &a, &b, &c);

discriminant = b * b - 4 * a * c;

if (discriminant > 0) {

root1 = (-b + sqrt(discriminant)) / (2 * a);

root2 = (-b - sqrt(discriminant)) / (2 * a);

printf("Roots are real and different.\n");

printf("Root 1 = %.2f\n", root1);

printf("Root 2 = %.2f\n", root2);

} else if (discriminant == 0) {

root1 = -b / (2 * a);

printf("Roots are real and the same.\n");

printf("Root 1 = Root 2 = %.2f\n", root1);

} else {

printf("Roots are complex and different.\n");

return 0;

}
Output:
 14. Write a program to find the sum of digits of a given integer using the modulus (%) and
division (/) operators.

Solution:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int num, sum = 0;

printf("Enter an integer: ");

scanf("%d", &num);

while (num != 0) {

sum += num % 10;

num /= 10;

printf("Sum of digits = %d\n", sum);

return 0;

Output:
 15. Write a program to convert temperature from Celsius to Fahrenheit using the formula F = (C
* 9/5) + 32.

Solution:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

float celsius, fahrenheit;

printf("Enter temperature in Celsius: ");

scanf("%f", &celsius);

fahrenheit = (celsius * 9/5) + 32;

printf("Temperature in Fahrenheit = %.2f\n", fahrenheit);

return 0;

Output:
16. Write a program to calculate the perimeter and area of a rectangle, taking the length and
width as input.

Solution:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

float length, width, perimeter, area;

printf("Enter the length of the rectangle: ");

scanf("%f", &length);

printf("Enter the width of the rectangle: ");

scanf("%f", &width);

perimeter = 2 * (length + width);

area = length * width;

printf("Perimeter of the rectangle = %.2f\n", perimeter);

printf("Area of the rectangle = %.2f\n", area);

return 0;

Output:
 17. Write a program to demonstrate compound assignment operators (+=, -=, *=, /=) by
performing operations on a variable.

Solution:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int num = 10;

num += 5;

printf("After num += 5, num = %d\n", num);

num -= 3;

printf("After num -= 3, num = %d\n", num);

num *= 2;

printf("After num *= 2, num = %d\n", num);

num /= 4;

printf("After num /= 4, num = %d\n", num);

return 0;

Output:
18. Write a program to calculate the Body Mass Index (BMI) of a person given their weight (in kg)
and height (in meters) using the formula BMI = weight / (height * height).

Solution:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

float weight, height, bmi;

printf("Enter weight in kg: ");

scanf("%f", &weight);

printf("Enter height in meters: ");

scanf("%f", &height);

bmi = weight / (height * height);

printf("Body Mass Index (BMI) = %.2f\n", bmi);

return 0;

Output:
19. Write a program to take a character as input and print its corresponding ASCII value using
type conversion.

Solution:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

char ch;

printf("Enter a character: ");

scanf("%c", &ch);

printf("The ASCII value of '%c' is %d\n", ch, (int)ch);

return 0;

Output: