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POWER GENERATION USING ROLLER MECHANISM

Abstract

Using speed bump for power generation by using gear arrangement and
electronics gadgets. Large amounts amount of electricity can be generated
saving lot of money. And if implemented will be very beneficial for
Government. When vehicle is in motion it produces various forms of energy
like, due to friction between vehicle’s wheel and road i.e. rough surface heat
energy is produced, also when vehicle traveling at high speed strikes the
wind. The principle involved is potential energy to electrical energy
conversion. It is very significant to design pollution free energy generation
system. Speed breaker Power Generator (SBPG) is the most emerging
technique which produces electrical power with minimum input. An
experimental study to generate the electricity by SBPG is described in this
paper. In this system, a rack and pinions mechanism is used for the
production of electricity. When a car reaches on the speed breaker, the rack
moves downward to generate linear to rotary motion using pinions. The rotary
motion is transferred to DC generator which generates DC power which is
stored in batteries same as in solar technology. The generated power can be
used for the domestic purpose or commercially, which are present near the
speed breaker. This examined that SBPG is generating 273.24W on single push
under the application of 400kg. In an hour, passing 100 cars of 400kg can
generate 54.59 kWh. This mechanism utilizes both downward as well as the
upward motion of the rack. There is a system to generate power by converting
the potential energy generated by a vehicle going up on a speed breaker into
kinetic energy. When the vehicle moves over the inclined plates, it gains
height resulting in increase in potential energy, which is wasted in a
conventional rumble strip. When the breaker comes down, they crank a lever
fitted to a ratchet-wheel type mechanism (a angular motion converter) which
in turn rotates a geared shaft loaded with recoil springs. The output of this
shaft is coupled to a dynamo to convert kinetic energy into electricity. This is
the short process for Electrical power generation through speed breaker.
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1. Introduction:-
Generation of electricity is possible using road track, as vehicles pass over
roller mechanism set up electricity can be produced. For reduction of carbon
dioxide emission, renewable energies are considered as proper alternative
energy Unlike conventional speed bumps, the roller mechanism set up won’t
damage the car or waste petrol while driving the car over the rollers. The
main advantage is that they produce energy free of charge. The Electro-
Kinetic power generator is capable of generating around 10kW of electricity
which can then be used to power road signs, traffic lights and street lights or
stored in batteries for future use. The track is made up of metal rollers that
rotate by using the pressure exerted by vehicles passing over it. The
movement of the rollers drives a specially developed design, which in turn
drives a generator to produce electricity. The repeated rotations from the
rollers, which is further attached to another free wheel allowing it to spin
freely in-between while vehicles passes over the track. There is a little
literature about extraction of kinetic energy from flow of vehicle in the
streets. There is so little and invalid literatures in generation of electricity by
speed breakers that but the most common approaches can be seen in these
proposed systems, mostly small radial flux generators with ineffective
topologies have been employed. Therefore it is necessary to design a suitable
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and efficient topology for design of an energy conversion system for

extraction of kinetic energy of vehicles.

FIG:- 1

Components Used:-

Rollers

The system is made up of roller which rotates due to pressure exerted by

vehicle passing over it. The wasted kinetic energy of vehicles is converted
into electrical energy by roller mechanism.

Bearings

A bearing is a device to allow constrained relative motion between two or

more parts, typically rotation or linear movement.

DC Motor as a Generator
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An electrical generator is a device that converts mechanical energy to

electrical energy, generally using electromagnetic induction. The source of
mechanical energy may be a reciprocating or turbine steam engine, water
falling through a turbine or waterwheel, an internal combustion engine, a
wind turbine, a hand crank, or any other source of mechanical energy.

Block Diagram:-

FIG:- 2

In this project the ramps has been replaced with the specially designed rollers
which directly absorbs the kinetic energy of the moving vehicles and converts
them to rotational energy and thereby rotating the generator, to produce the
electrical power.
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2. Literature survey :-
Related research:-01

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and

Technology.

(A High Impact Factor, Monthly, Peer Reviewed Journal)

Visit: www.ijirset.com

converted into electrical energy by roller mechanism through several energy

conversion methods. The generated electricity is stored in battery and then
use as per requirement.

In this project we replaced the streets with the specially designed rollers
which directly absorb the kinetic energy of the moving vehicles and converts
them to rotational energy and thereby rotating the generator, to produce the
electrical power. In this mechanism, a roller is fitted in between a speed
breaker and some kind of grip is provided on the streets so that when a
vehicle passes over streets it rotates the roller. As the shaft of D.C. generator
rotates, it produces electricity. This electricity can be stored in a battery. We
can use this stored electricity as per our requirement. Output of the battery is
used to lighten the street lamps on the road. Now during day time we don’t
need electricity for lightening the street lamps so we are using a control
switch which is manually operated. The control switch is connected by wire to
the output of the battery.
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The control switch has ON/OFF mechanism which allows the current to flow
when needed. The electric generator is a device that converts mechanical
energy into electrical energy, generally using electromagnetic induction. This
mechanism generation of electricity is possible using road track. The growth
of the nation is indicated by the utilisation of energy in that country. We need
electricity for every small thing. So, this research is a small step to fulfil the
requirement of increasing electricity demand and contributes something for
the society. The project introduce a generation system of energy from streets.
It produces electrical energy proportional to traffic density which shows more
possibility of collecting large amount of energy in busy cities. By adopting this
arrangement, the load on present electrical sources can be minimised to some
extent.

Related research :-02

Aniket Mishra (2013) invented a technique to create electricity in rural areas

that lack sufficient distribution. A similar approach was started in South Africa
as their current electrical crisis in opposition to their heavy demand made
them to implement this method to light up small villages of the highway.
Techniques that are used both in India and South Africa are Air Piston
mechanism, Rack and Pinion mechanism, and Roller mechanism.

Related research :-03

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Piyush Bhagdikar (2012) proposed a model which is based on roller

mechanism was developed by VIT University Chennai Campus, uses rollers
which generates electricity. The setup uses simple rollers that use the
vehicular motion as a mechanism to spin off the rollers which in turn is
transformed into energy. With a single run of 2 wheeler, 0.06W/tire is
produced through the model.

3. Problem statement :-
Energy and environmental problems are closely related, since it is nearly
impossible to produce, transport, or consume energy without significant
environmental impact. The environmental problems directly related to energy
production and consumption include air pollution, climate change, water
pollution, thermal pollution, and solid waste disposal. So we need suitable and
impact mechanism and that is we use a roller mechanism.

It produces electricity. This electricity can be stored in a battery. We can use

this stored electricity as per our requirement. Output of the battery is used to
lighten the street lamps on the road. Now during day time we don’t need
electricity for lightening the street lamps so we are using an electronic sensor
which is automatically operated. The control switch is connected by wire to
the output of the battery. The sensor has ON/OFF mechanism which allows
the current to flow when needed.
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Objectives

 India has huge source of non conventional energy like huge coastal area,
hilly areas and bright sunlight uninterruptable.

 The effective utilization of is useful in the development of nation non

conventional energy sources.

 Supply of power in most part of the country is poor. Hence more

research and development and commercialization of technologies are
needed in this field. India, unlike the top developed countries has very
poor roads.

 Talking about a particular road itself includes a number of speed

breakers. By just placing a unit like the Power Generation Unit from
Speed

 Breakers, so much of energy can be tapped.

 This energy can be used for the lights on the either sides of the roads
and thus much power that is consumed by these lights can be utilized to
send power to these villages.
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 We can tap the energy generated and produce power by using the roller
mechanism as power generating unit.

 The kinetic energy of the moving vehicles can be converted into

mechanical energy . This will run on electromechanical principle (A
device which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy or
mechanical energy into electrical energy).

 This energy can be used for the lights on the either sides of the roads
and thus much power that is consumed by these lights can be utilized to
send power to these villages.

4. Methodology:-
We consider electricity as a secondary energy source. This is because it
doesn't come as a ready-made product, but it needs to be generated through
primary sources such as wind, sunlight, coal, natural gas, nuclear fission
reactions, and hydropower.

The Road Power Generation system is a new type of clean, green,

unconventional source of energy. As it works by reusing the wasted energy
that caused by the vehicles passing through the system, the kinetic energy
can be converted to electrical energy.
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5. Results & Discussion:-

Electricity is generated by replacing the usual speed breakers with some

simple mechanism.

Power is generate by simply rolling mechanism.

No fuel input or external Power required and easily applicable at place. They
produce energy free of charge.

In this project a mechanism to generate power by converting the potential

energy generated by a vehicle going up on a speed breaker into kinetic
energy. When the vehicle moves over the inclined plates, it gains height
resulting in increase in potential energy, which is wasted in a conventional
rumble strip. When the breaker comes down, they crank a lever fitted to a
ratchet-wheel type mechanism (an angular motion converter). This in turn
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rotates a geared shaft loaded with recoil springs. The output of this shaft is
coupled to a dynamo to convert kinetic energy into electricity. In this model
we are using a 12V stepper motor as generator. Stepper motor consist of four
coils coupled with magnet assembly in a former. When intentionally rotates
clock wise or anti clock wise, it generate electrical energy

A vehicle weighing 1,000 kg going up a height of 10 cm on such a rumble strip

produces approximately 0.98 kilowatt power. So one such speed-breaker on a
busy highway, where about 100 vehicles pass every minute, thus about one
kilo watt of electricity can be produced every single minute.

6. Conclusions :-

As day by day power consumption increases but electric crisis occur. So the
minor needs of electricity such as street lights and traffic signals can be
generated from speed breakers. Instead of wasting kinetic energy of vehicles
at speed breakers the minor needs can be met by converting kinetic energy to
electrical energy. No one is happy with current situation of electricity in India
We need electricity for every small thing. More suitable and compact
mechanisms to enhance efficiency. Although we get less electrical output, this
is a simple idea for generating electricity from kinetic energy of the moving
vehicles. If this concept is further developed and is produced in high
potential, I am confident that enormous amount of power can be developed.
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These rollers can be designed for heavy vehicles, thus increasing input torque
and ultimately output of generator by using the multiple transmission system
which is more efficient method.

7. Future Scope :-

 Such speed breakers can be designed for heavy vehicles, thus increasing
input torque and ultimately output of generator.

 More suitable and compact mechanisms to enhance efficiency.

 A survey on the energy consumption in India had published a pathetic

report that 85,000 villages in India do not still have electricity. Supply of
power in most of the country is poor. Hence more research and
development of technologies are needed in this field. This energy can be
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used for the lights on the either sides of the roads and thus power that
is consumed by these lights can be utilized to send power to these
villages.

 India has huge source of non conventional energy like huge coastal area,
hilly areas and bright sunlight uninterruptable.

 A recent survey on the energy consumption in India had published a

pathetic report that 85,000 villages in India do not still have electricity.

 Supply of power in most part of the country is poor. Hence more

research and development and commercialization of technologies are
needed in this field. India, unlike the top developed countries has very
poor roads.

 This energy can be used for the lights on the either sides of the roads
and thus much power that is consumed by these lights can be utilized to
send power to these villages.

ADVANTAGES :-

 Pollution free power generation.

 Simple construction and easy maintanenance.

 No manual work necessary during generation.

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 Energy available all year round.

 No fuel transportation problem.

 No consumption of any fossil fuel which is non renewable source of

energy.

 Uninterrupted power generation during day and night.

 No fuel storage is required.

 It will work with light weight and heavy vehicle.

 Economical and easy to install.

 In street lights, Tollbooths, Traffic signals.

 As a charging station for electric vehicle.

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1. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and

Technology.

2. (A High Impact Factor, Monthly, Peer Reviewed Journal)

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3. Visit: www.ijirset.com

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