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Chapter6_Voltage_regulator_note1

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22 views20 pages

Chapter6_Voltage_regulator_note1

Uploaded by

Rhythm Silwal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Voltage Regulator

Line Regulator − The regulator which regulates the output voltage to be constant, in
spite of input line variations, it is called as Line regulator.

Load Regulator − The regulator which regulates the output voltage to be constant, in
spite of the variations in load at the output, it is called as Load regulator.
Two types of transistor voltage regulators are the series voltage regulator and the shunt
voltage regulator. Each type of circuit can provide an output dc voltage that is regulated or
maintained at a set value even if the input voltage varies or if the load connected to the
output changes.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Voltage Regulator

The advantages are


• The regulated output voltage is obtained from this circuit.
• Low noise, less ripple, and stable performance are
obtained.
• Components required to build the circuit are easily
available.
• It does not have any electromagnetic interference.
• Response time is fast for any line or load changes

The disadvantages are


• The efficiency of the circuit is less.
• Since a lot of energy is dissipated, heat sinks are required.
• In the voltage regulators, the output voltage is always less
than the input voltage.
• The feedback of output voltage applied to
comparator which controls the conduction of
transistor and thus maintains the output voltage
constant.
• For zero error voltage, i.e. constant
output;
Input voltage to the op-amp:
Vd = V+ – V– = 0
or, VZ – Vo = 0
a feedback signal to a comparator, which then provides a control signal to vary the amount of the current shunted away
from the load. As the output voltage tries to get larger, for example, the sampling circuit provides a feedback signal to
the comparator circuit, which then provides a control signal to draw increased shunt current, providing less load
current, thereby keeping the regulated voltage from rising.
“xx” corresponds to a two-digit number and represents the amount (magnitude) of voltage that voltage
regulator IC produces.

Examples
• 7805 voltage regulator IC produces a DC voltage of +5 volts.
• 7905 voltage regulator IC produces a DC voltage of -5 volts.

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