STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

REPORT OF BUILDING

Submitted to:
Pokhara Metropolitan-16,
Gandaki Provence

Submitted by:
Mr. Sher Bahadur Gurung

Date: Mangshir, 2081

 A Report on
Analysis and Design of Building located at Pokhara, Kaski ii
Nepal

Contents Page No.

Disclaimer v
CHAPTER 01. INTRODUCTION 1
CHAPTER 02. BUILDING CONFIGURATION 3
CHAPTER 03. GENERAL DESIGN CRITERIA AND ASSUMPTIONS 4
3.3.1 Gravity Loading and Live Load 4
3.3.2 Lateral Load Calculations (Seismic Load) 6
CHAPTER 04. ANALYSIS AND RESULTS CHECKS 10
4.3.1 Modal Analysis 11
4.3.2 Storey drift ratio and displacement 12
4.4.1 Eccentricity of check of building 12
Remarks: Since the eccentricity are under assumed eccentricity which is 10% hence
eccentricity is not overridden. 13
4.4.2 Torsion check of building 13
4.4.3 Displacement of building 14
4.4.4 Column-Beam Capacity of building 15
4.4.5 Bending Moment Diagram 15
4.4.6 Shear Force Diagram 16
4.4.7 Axial Force Diagram 16
4.5.1 Beam Reinforcement 17
4.5.2 Column Reinforcement Required 18
CHAPTER 05. DESIGN AND CRITICAL CHECKS 25
CHAPTER 06. DESIGN SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 31
References: 32
Annex A: Beam Design Summary 33
Annex B: Column Design Summary 34
Annex C: Slab Design Summary 35
Annex D: Stair Case Design 36
Annex E: Footing Design Summary 37
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ABBREVIATIONS
RCC : REINFORCED CEMENT CONCRETE
DCR : DEMAND TO CAPACITY RATIO
IS : INDIAN STANDARD
NBC : NATIONAL BUILDING CODE
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Disclaimer

This report is prepared by Mr. Sher Bahadur Gurung under mutual understanding between
Consultant and Client presents seismic analysis and design of Residential Building based on
seismic parameters and consideration in relevance to Nepal National Building Code and
Indian Standard. Due to unpredictable nature of earthquakes, Consultant and its professionals
bear no responsibility on the performance of building structures at the occurrence of an
earthquake event that exceeds the seismic consideration.
This report consists of design procedures adopted, assumptions made, and the input assign in
the design. During design it is assumed that the client will completely follow the architectural
as well as the structural design. It is also assumed that the construction will be supervised by
a Professional Engineer.
The designer will not be responsible if any alternation or change to the structural system is
made by the client or contractor without the prior permission from the designer, or the
alternation to the non-structural system is made.
The design calculations and derivations are limited to only to let the concerned people know
the methodology adopted. However, the calculation may be provided to the client or the
concerned authorities when needed, upon request.

…………………………………….
Er.
NEC. No. Civil “A”
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CHAPTER 01. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction
This report is prepared by Mr. Sher Bahadur Gurung as of the structural analysis and design
of proposed Residential building located at Pokhara-16, Kaski. This report describes the
methodology of the analysis and design which was carried out.
This study involves the seismic analysis and design of the structure based on the architectural
drawings and building functionality. The building is designed with the relevant Nepalese and
Indian Standard Code and guidelines.
This report presents outcomes from the seismic analysis and design of the structure. It has
been organized into six sections. Section 1 provides introduction, objectives, scope,
methodology and limitations. Section 2 architectural description and preliminary sizes of
structural member of building. Section 3 explores general design criteria assumptions load
considerations and code provisions. The Section 4 provides structural analysis results,
earthquake behavior of the building and calculations. Section 5 provides the structural design
and critical checks calculation by manual. Section 6 summarized the results, outcomes of the
report followed by the references.

In addition, this report also includes five annexes that provide supporting information on
issues discussed in the main chapters.

1.2 Objective of Analysis and Design

The main objective is to analysis and design and to achieve the ductile behavior and overall
stability of the structure. The other aim of structural design is the achievement of an
acceptable probability that structures being design will perform satisfactorily during their
intended life with an appropriate degree of safety,

1.3 Scope of Work

Design and Detailing of the following structural elements are performed:

- Slab
- Beam
- Column
- Shear Wall
- Staircase
- Footing
The following considerations are made during the loading on the structural model:
⮚ All the structural members have been designed for the critical values as obtained from
considered load combinations. The limit state method has been adopted for designing
structural members referring NBC105:2020, SP – 16, IS 456- 2000 & IS 13920 – 2016.
⮚ The loads distributed over the area are imposed on area element and that distributed over
length are imposed on line element whenever possible.
⮚ Where such loading is not applicable, equivalent conversion to different loading
distribution is carried to load the model near the real case as far as possible.
⮚ The imposed loading of infill walls is considered (as per architectural drawing.) as
equivalent UDL with 25% to 30% deductions for openings, but the actual modeling of
infill walls as equivalent Struts is not performed. Hence the stiffness of infill walls is not
considered.
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⮚ Seismic loads are considered acting in the horizontal direction (along either of the two
principal directions) and not along the vertical direction, since it is not considered to be
significant.

1.4 Methodology
Finite element approach has been considered in finite element-based software ETABS and
analysis has been carried out with structural analysis software “ETABS V 16.2.1”. All
structural elements i.e., beam and column are modeled as line elements, slab and walls are
modeled as thin shell member with sufficient and appropriate meshing. The section properties
used are based on preliminary section sizing with consideration for deflection, minimum
sizing specified and serviceability. Limit state method is used for the design of RCC
elements.

1.5 Limitations
The following assumptions are taken into consideration in the seismic resistant analysis and
design of structures:
⮚ An earthquake is not likely to occur simultaneously with maximum flood, wind,
waves or tides.
⮚ Soil bearing capacity has been taken from soil report.
⮚ Construction supervision responsibility has not been taken by designer.
⮚ Construction should have carried out by personnel having the appropriate skill and
experience.
⮚ Construction materials and products confirm to the pertinent codes and
specifications.
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CHAPTER 02. BUILDING CONFIGURATION

2.1 Building Description

Table 2. 1: General Description of Building

SN Parameter Description
1 Building Type Building Type-II
2 Location Pokhara Metropolitan City-16, Kaski
3 GPS
4 Terrain Valley
RCC Space Frame, Ductile Moment resisting frame with
5 Structural System
Infill Wall
6 Plinth Area Covered 81.20 Sq.m.
7 Column 350X350 M20, Fe500
MB 230X425mm , TB 250X355mm (including 125mm
8 Beam
slab)
9 Slab 125 mm thick main slab and 125 mm thick waist slab

10 Type of Foundation Isolated Centric & Eccentric Footing With Strap Beam

11 Story Height 3m Storey

12 No of Story Ground Plus Two Storey

13 Total Height 9.45m (From the Ground)

230mm Outer wall, 150mm Partition Wall (Mortar 1:5
14 Wall
C/S ratio),
Type-C (NBC105)
15 Type of Sub-Soil
Bearing Capacity 150 kN/m2 (Visual Observation)

2.2 Architectural Details

Please refer Architectural Drawings.
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CHAPTER 03. GENERAL DESIGN CRITERIA AND ASSUMPTIONS

3.1 Material Properties used

The following materials are adopted for the design of the elements:
1. Concrete Grade: M20 for columns, walls and
M20 for beam,
M20 for slab and foundation (RCC)
2. Reinforcement (Rebar) – Fe 500 grade steel for main rebar and Fe500 for
stirrups

3.2 Loading Criteria

The minimum dead and live loads are calculated as per IS 875 (Part-1)-1987 and IS 875
(Part-2)-1987. The earthquake loading is considered as per IS 1893:2016.

3.3.1 Gravity Loading and Live Load

Dead load on the structure comprises of the self-weight of the member, weight of the floor
finishes, brick walls and partition walls. Wall loads are applied as an UDL in the Beam
members.

Table 3. 1: Material properties

Material Density
Reinforced concrete 25 kN/m3
Unit weight of soil 19 kN/m3
Steel 78.5 kN/m3
Brick 19 kN/m3

Table 3. 2: Load Classification

Residential Building
Location Uniformly Distributed LL (KN/m2)
Corridors & Passages, staircase : 3
Floor Finishes : 1.29
Roof Live Load : 1.5
Toilet, Bathroom : 2.0
Rooms : 2
In addition, wall loads are calculated grid wise for the given opening and thickness.
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Table 3. 3: Load Calculations

Wall Loads
Load Applied
Beam Load Area Load
Brick Wall Wall
Room Plaster Load Load Load
SN t h L Applied Applied
Name t (mm) Applied Applied Applied
(mm) (m) (m) Load Load
Length Length Breadth
(kN/m) (kN/m2)
(m) (m) (m)
1 V 230 25 2.853 1.000 1.000 13.89 -
2 115 Full Wall 115 25 2.853 1.000 1.000 7.66 -
3 Parapet 230 Full Wall 230 25 1.000 1.000 1.000 4.87 -
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3.3.2 Lateral Load Calculations (Seismic Load)

The site location is on medium seismic risk zone as per seismic hazard map of Nepal and
equivalently it is on seismic zone V (IS seismic hazard map). For Seismic Load calculations
and the distribution both linear static and dynamic response spectrum method analysis is
performed to obtain the design seismic force and is distributed to different levels along the
height of the building as per code provisions.
NBC105:2020 code is used for the calculation of the seismic forces and earthquake force is
applied from basement floor to seventh floor (US based floor numbering system).
For linear static method, the design base shear is calculated using empirical relation for
fundamental period T as per code.
T=ktH3/4
Where, kt
= 0.075 for Moment resisting concrete frame
= 0.085 for Moment resisting structural steel frame
= 0.075 for Eccentrically braced structural steel frame
= 0.05 for all other structural systems
H = Height of the building above ground in m
The design horizontal seismic coefficient Ah for a structure is determined by the expression
given by NBC105:2020:
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Table 3. 4: Calculation of Design Horizontal Seismic Coefficient as per NBC105:2020

Elastic site spectra:

C(T) = Ch(T) * Z * I = 0.75
where,
Ch(T) = Spectral shape factor = 2.5
Z = Seismic zoning factor = 0.3 Pokhara
I = Importance factor = 1

Elastic site spectra for serviceability limit state:

Cs(T) = 0.20 * C(T) = 0.15

Ductility factor:
Ultimate limit state, Rμ = 4
Serviceability limit state, Rs = 1

Overstrength factor:
Ultimate limit state, Ωu = 1.5
Serviceability limit state, Ωs = 1.25

Equivalent static method:

ULS, Cd(T1) = C(T1) = 0.125
Rμ * Ωu
SLS, Cd(T1) = Cs(T1) = 0.120
Ωs

Design time period of building in X-direction = 0.5053 sec

Design time period of building in Y-direction = 0.5053 sec

k = exponent related to the structural period

k for building in X-direction = 1.0026
k for building in Y-direction = 1.0026
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Figure 3. 1: Response Spectrum-Calculation of Seismic Base Shear NBC105:2020

The total design lateral force or design seismic base shear (Vb) along any principal direction
shall be determined by the following expression:
V b=¿ A W ¿
h

Where,
Ah = Design horizontal acceleration spectrum value
W = Seismic weight of building

Vertical Distribution of Base Shear to Different Floor Level

The design base shear (Vb) shall be distributed along the height of the building as per the
following expression:
k
W i hi
Qi=V x n
∑ W i hik
i=1
Where,
Wi = seismic weight of the structure assigned to level ‘i’;
hi= height (m) from the base to level ‘i’;
n= total number of floors/levels
V= horizontal seismic base shear calculated as per 6.2
k= an exponent related to the structural period as follows:
● For structure having time period T≤0.5sec, k=1
● For structure having time period T≥2.5sec, k=2
● For structure having period between 0.5 sec and 2.5 sec, k shall be determined by
linear interpolation between 1 and 2.

Regardless of the building earthquake force, the structure should be designed to resist lateral
load not less than Vb, min given in the table below.
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Table 3. 5: Base Shear

Base Shear of Building
Ecc.
Load Pattern Direction Eccentricity Top Story Bottom Story C K Weight Used Base Shear
Overridden
% kN kN
NBC_EQx_ULS X 3S Plinth 0.125 1.0026 2943.13 367.89
NBC_EQx_ULS X + Ecc. Y 10 FALSE 3S Plinth 0.125 1.0026 2943.13 367.89
NBC_EQx_ULS X - Ecc. Y 10 FALSE 3S Plinth 0.125 1.0026 2943.13 367.89
NBC_EQy_ULS Y 3S Plinth 0.125 1.0026 2943.13 367.89
NBC_EQy_ULS Y + Ecc. X 10 FALSE 3S Plinth 0.125 1.0026 2943.13 367.89
NBC_EQy_ULS Y - Ecc. X 10 FALSE 3S Plinth 0.125 1.0026 2943.13 367.89
NBC_EQx_SLS X 3S Plinth 0.12 1.0026 2943.13 353.18
NBC_EQx_SLS X + Ecc. Y 10 FALSE 3S Plinth 0.12 1.0026 2943.13 353.18
NBC_EQx_SLS X - Ecc. Y 10 FALSE 3S Plinth 0.12 1.0026 2943.13 353.18
NBC_EQy_SLS Y 3S Plinth 0.12 1.0026 2943.13 353.18
NBC_EQy_SLS Y + Ecc. X 10 FALSE 3S Plinth 0.12 1.0026 2943.13 353.18
NBC_EQy_SLS Y - Ecc. X 10 FALSE 3S Plinth 0.12 1.0026 2943.13 353.18

3.3 Load Combinations

The load combinations are based on NBC105:2020 for Limit state design method.
The following load combinations are used during analysis:

NBC Load Combinations

1.2DL+1.5LL
DL+0.3/0.6LL+EX/Res EQL
Where
DL : Dead Load
LL : Live Load
EX : Earthquake Load
Res EQL: Response Spectrum Earthquake Load
A.1
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CHAPTER 04. ANALYSIS AND RESULTS CHECKS

4.1 Section Modifier for section.

For the ductile design check of the structural members as per NBC 105:2020 following
section modifier has been adopted:

Table 4. 1: Section property modifier used in the analysis and design for structural members

Structural Members Section Modifier(Flexural) Section Modifier(Shear)

Columns : 0.700 for both direction 0.4 for both direction
Beams : 0.350 for major direction 0.4 for both direction
Walls-Un cracked : 0.700 in in plane direction -
Slabs : 1.000 1 .00

4.2 Finite element modelling

Figure 4. 1:3D Finite element modeling

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4.3 Overall Structural Response and Results

The overall structural response was obtained from the finite element modal and proper checks
were carried out.
4.3.1 Modal Analysis
Modal analysis was performed to determine the free vibration modes and dynamic behavior
of the building.

Figure 4. 2: Period (Sec) Vs Model Number of the building

Figure 4. 3: Modal Participation Mass Ratios of the Building

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Table 4. 2: Modal Participation Mass Ratios of the Building

TABLE: Modal Participating Mass Ratios

Case Mode Period UX UY Sum UX Sum UY RZ Sum RZ
sec
Modal 1 0.777 0.0002 0.8604 0.0002 0.8604 0.0172 0.0172
Modal 2 0.755 0.883 0.0002 0.8832 0.8607 0.0001 0.0173
Modal 3 0.678 0.000004185 0.0175 0.8832 0.8782 0.8636 0.8809
Modal 4 0.27 0.0001 0.0894 0.8833 0.9676 0.0039 0.8847
Modal 5 0.262 0.0896 0.0004 0.9729 0.9679 0.0041 0.8888
Modal 6 0.235 0.0047 0.0037 0.9776 0.9717 0.0835 0.9723
Modal 7 0.182 0.0012 0.0249 0.9789 0.9966 0.0005 0.9728
Modal 8 0.173 0.02 0.0013 0.9988 0.9979 0.0029 0.9757
Modal 9 0.159 0.0002 0.0004 0.999 0.9983 0.0217 0.9974
Modal 10 0.143 0.0002 0.0017 0.9992 1 0.0002 0.9976
Modal 11 0.135 0.0005 6.8E-06 0.9997 1 0.001 0.9987
Modal 12 0.124 0.0003 1.8E-06 1 1 0.0013 1

4.3.2 Storey drift ratio and displacement

The inter storey drifts of the building were checked for response spectrum and compared with
the allowable limit of 0.025 as per the code NBC 105:2020. The maximum displacement in
design-based earthquake (DBE) in X and Y direction due to NBC105:2020 is given
TABLE: Story Response ( Drift) for ULS Drift vs Story Elevation Graph
Story Elevation Location X-Dir Y-Dir 14
m 12 X-Dir
Story elvation (m)

10
Staircase Cover 12 Top 9.19E-04 1.02E-03
8 Y-Dir
3S 9 Top 2.19E-03 2.09E-03 6
2S 6 Top 4.31E-03 4.01E-03 4
1S 3 Top 4.18E-03 3.72E-03 2
Plinth 0 Top 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0
0.00E+00 1.00E-03 2.00E-03 3.00E-03 4.00E-03 5.00E-03
Ductility Factor Rμ = 4 Drift
Max Drift in X-Dir = 4.31E-03 Rμ x Max Drift = 0.01724< 0.025 OK
Max Drift in Y-Dir = 4.01E-03 Rμ x Max Drift = 0.016048< 0.025 OK

Drift vs Story Elevation Graph

TABLE: Story Response ( Drift) for SLS
Story Elevation Location X-Dir Y-Dir 14

m 12 X-Dir
Story elvation (m)

Staircase Cover 12 Top 8.82E-04 9.83E-04 10

8 Y-Dir
3S 9 Top 2.10E-03 2.00E-03
2S 6 Top 4.14E-03 3.85E-03 6
1S 3 Top 4.01E-03 3.58E-03 4
Plinth 0 Top 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 2
0
Max Drift in X-Dir = 4.14E-03 < 0.006 OK 0.00E+00 1.00E-03 2.00E-03 3.00E-03 4.00E-03 5.00E-03
Max Drift in Y-Dir = 3.85E-03 < 0.006 OK Drift

Figure 4. 4: Storey Drift

4.4 Structure Irregularity Check

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4.4.1 Eccentricity of check of building

Table 4. 2: Design Eccentricity as per NBC105:2020
Eccentricity check As per NBC105:2020
Story Diaphragm XCM YCM XCR YCR Eccentricity Check % Eccentricity Result
m m m m X Y X Y X Y
1S D1 3.57 6.16 3.21 6.65 0.35 0.50 5.29 3.88 Ok Ok
2S D2 3.57 6.16 3.19 6.59 0.37 0.43 5.62 3.37 Ok Ok
3S D3 3.45 7.42 3.19 6.57 0.26 0.85 3.89 6.65 Ok Ok

Remarks: Since the eccentricity are under assumed eccentricity which is 10% hence
eccentricity is not overridden.

4.4.2 Torsion check of building

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Table 4. 3: Torsion check of building

Story Load Case/Combo Direction Max Drift Avg Drift Ratio

mm mm
3S NBC_EQx_ULS 1 X 5.078 5.053 1.005
3S NBC_EQx_ULS 2 X 6.095 4.991 1.221
3S NBC_EQx_ULS 3 X 6.169 5.115 1.206
3S NBC_EQy_ULS 1 Y 5.511 5.465 1.008
3S NBC_EQy_ULS 2 Y 5.736 5.465 1.049
3S NBC_EQy_ULS 3 Y 5.644 5.465 1.033
2S NBC_EQx_ULS 1 X 10.868 10.247 1.061
2S NBC_EQx_ULS 2 X 11.788 10.109 1.166
2S NBC_EQx_ULS 3 X 13.305 10.386 1.281
2S NBC_EQy_ULS 1 Y 11.007 10.876 1.012
2S NBC_EQy_ULS 2 Y 11.485 10.876 1.056
2S NBC_EQy_ULS 3 Y 11.224 10.877 1.032
1S NBC_EQx_ULS 1 X 10.568 9.783 1.08
1S NBC_EQx_ULS 2 X 10.828 9.67 1.12
1S NBC_EQx_ULS 3 X 12.625 9.897 1.276
1S NBC_EQy_ULS 1 Y 10.227 10.114 1.011
1S NBC_EQy_ULS 2 Y 10.684 10.11 1.057
1S NBC_EQy_ULS 3 Y 10.465 10.117 1.034

4.4.3 Displacement of building

Table 4. 4: Displacement of building

Story Diaphragm Load Case/Combo UX UY RZ
mm mm rad
3S D3 NBC_EQx_ULS_RS Max 25.369 0.353 0.000867
3S D3 NBC_EQy_ULS_RS Max 1.116 26.651 0.001118
3S D3 NBC_EQx_SLS_RS Max 24.355 0.339 0.000832
3S D3 NBC_EQy_SLS_RS Max 1.072 25.585 0.001074
2S D2 NBC_EQx_ULS_RS Max 20.156 0.356 0.000797
2S D2 NBC_EQy_ULS_RS Max 0.373 21.177 0.000886
2S D2 NBC_EQx_SLS_RS Max 19.35 0.342 0.000765
2S D2 NBC_EQy_SLS_RS Max 0.359 20.33 0.000851
1S D1 NBC_EQx_ULS_RS Max 9.909 0.183 0.000429
1S D1 NBC_EQy_ULS_RS Max 0.224 10.218 0.000431
1S D1 NBC_EQx_SLS_RS Max 9.512 0.175 0.000412
1S D1 NBC_EQy_SLS_RS Max 0.215 9.81 0.000413

4.4.4 Column-Beam Capacity of building

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Figure 4. 6: Column-Beam Capacity Ration (<1.2)

4.4.5 Bending Moment Diagram

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4.4.6 Shear Force Diagram

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4.4.7 Axial Force Diagram

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4.5 Reinforcement Demand as per Etabs

4.5.1 Beam Reinforcement

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Beam Reinforcement Demand

Figure 4.6: Longitudinal Reinforcement Demand at First Floor

4.5.2 Column Reinforcement Required

Column Reinforcement Demand

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Figure 4.7: Longitudinal Reinforcement demand A-A grid columns

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Figure 4. 8: Longitudinal Reinforcement demand B-B grid columns

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Figure 4. 9: Longitudinal Reinforcement demand C-C grid columns

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4.6 Foundation Reaction force (Service Load, DL+LL)

Figure 4. 14: Footing reaction force in kN, m

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CHAPTER 05. DESIGN AND CRITICAL CHECKS

5.1 Beam Design Sample (Beam ID Grid 2A –3A Ground)

Main beams and secondary beams are directly designed from software given reinforcement
but the manual check has been done. For detail calculation summary see. Annex A
⮚ Flexure Design
ETABS Concrete Frame Design

IS 456:2000 Beam Section Design

Beam Element Details Type: Sway Special (Flexural Details)

Beam Element Details Type: Ductile Frame (Flexural Details)

Level Element Unique Name Section ID Combo ID Station Loc Length (mm) LLRF
1S B7 16 MB 230X425 508: 1DL+0.3LL-1NBCEQxULSRS 175 4950 1

Section Properties
b (mm) h (mm) bf (mm) ds (mm) dct (mm) dcb (mm)
230 425 230 0 65 25

Material Properties
Ec (MPa) fck (MPa) Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless) fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
22360.68 20 1 500 415

Design Code Parameters

ɣC ɣS
1.5 1.15

Flexural Reinforcement for Moment, Mu3 & Tu

Required +Moment -Moment Regular Minimum Seismic Minimum
Rebar Rebar Rebar Rebar Rebar
mm² mm² mm² mm² mm²
Top (+2 Axis) 657 0 657 290 290
Bottom (-2 Axis) 430 430 0 290 329

Design Moments, Mu3 & Tu

Design Design Factored Torsion Special
+Moment -Moment Mu3 Tu Mt
kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
72.7237 -94.1662 -72.1114 14.9973 22.0548

Shear Design sample

Beam Element Details Type: Ductile Frame (Shear Details)

Level Element Unique Name Section ID Combo ID Station Loc Length (mm) LLRF
1S B7 16 MB 230X425 508: 1DL+0.3LL-1NBCEQxULSRS 175 4950 1

Section Properties
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b (mm) h (mm) bf (mm) ds (mm) dct (mm) dcb (mm)

230 425 230 0 65 25

Material Properties
Ec (MPa) fck (MPa) Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless) fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
22360.68 20 1 500 415

Design Code Parameters

ɣC ɣS
1.5 1.15

Shear/Torsion Design for Vu2 & Tu

Rbar Rbar Design Design Design
Asv /s Asvt /s Vu2 Tu Pu
mm²/m mm²/m kN kN-m kN
817.42 841.04 91.5817 14.9973 0

Design Forces
Factored Factored Equivalent Capacity Gravity
Vu2 Tu Ve Vp Vg
kN kN-m kN kN kN
60.6485 0.7846 171.5671 64.8882 -26.6935

Capacity Moment
Long.Rebar Long.Rebar Capacity Moment Capacity Moment
As (Bottom) As (Top) Mpos Mneg
mm² mm² kN-m kN-m
Left 430 657 74.9936 99.4625
Right 312 623 55.1956 94.7958

Design Basis
Design Conc.Area Area Tensn.Reinf Strength Strength LtWt.Reduc
Vu2 Ac Ag Ast fys fck Factor
kN cm² cm² mm² MPa MPa Unitless
91.5817 1155 1350 657 415 20 1

Concrete Capacity
Conc.Area Tensn.Rein Ast Allowable Strength CompFactor DepthFactr Strengh
Ac Ast Tauc.max fys Delta k Factor
cm² mm² % MPa MPa Unitless Unitless Unitless
1155 657 0.569 502.157 415 1 1 1

Shear Rebar Design

Design Stress Conc.Cpcty Allowable Rebar Area Shear Shear Shear
Ve Tau Taucd Tauc.max Asv /s Vc Vs Vn
kN MPa MPa MPa mm²/m kN kN kN
171.5671 1.49 0.5 2.8 817.42 57.9991 113.568 171.5671

Torsion Capacity
Rebar Torsion Shear Core Core
Asvt /s Tu Vu b1 d1
mm²/m kN-m kN mm mm
841.04 14.9973 60.6485 190 340
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5.2 Column Sample Design (Grid A-1 First Floor)

Columns has been designed directly by software and its reinforcement has been directly
distributed. Details calculation sheet has been given in Annex B.
⮚ Flexure design

ETABS Concrete Frame Design

IS 456:2000 Column Section Design

Column Element Details Type: Ductile Frame (Flexural Details)
Level Element Unique Name Section ID Combo ID Station Loc Length (mm) LLRF
1S C1 1 C1 350 X 350 M20 509: 1DL+0.3LL-1NBCEQyULSRS 225 3000 0.872

Section Properties
b (mm) h (mm) dc (mm) Cover (Torsion) (mm)
350 350 60 30

Material Properties
Ec (MPa) fck (MPa) Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless) fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
22360.68 20 1 500 415

Design Code Parameters

ɣC ɣS
1.5 1.15

Axial Force and Biaxial Moment Design For Pu , Mu2 , Mu3

Design Pu Design Mu2 Design Mu3 Minimum M2 Minimum M3 Rebar % Capacity Ratio
kN kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m % Unitless
288.0536 -110.9253 -32.9994 5.7611 5.7611 0.896 3048

Factored & Minimum Biaxial Moments

NonSway Mns Sway Ms Factored Mu
kN-m kN-m kN-m
Major Bending(Mu3 ) -3.3273 -21.0804 -24.4077
Minor Bending(Mu2 ) -6.9797 -94.6228 -101.6024

Slenderness Effects (IS 39.7.1) and Minimum Biaxial Moments (IS 39.2, 25.4)
End Moment End Moment Initial k*Ma Minimum Minimum
Mu1 (kN-m) Mu2 (kN-m) Moment (kN-m) Moment (kN-m) Moment (kN-m) Eccentricity (mm)
Major Bending (M3 ) -24.4077 18.5034 -9.7631 8.5917 5.7611 20
Minor Bending (M2 ) -101.6024 59.6644 -40.641 9.3229 5.7611 20

Effective Length Factors (IS 25.2, Annex E)

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K K Framing P-Delta Q K
Sway Non-Sway Type Done? Factor Used
Major Bend(M3 ) 1.758782 0.758998 Ductile Frame No 0 1.758782
Minor Bend(M2 ) 1.832101 0.770835 Ductile Frame No 0 1.832101

Additional Moment Reduction Factor k (IS 39.7.1.1)

Ag Asc Puz Pb Pu k
cm² cm² kN kN kN Unitless
1225 28.7 2177.1 440.9799 288.0536 1

Additional Moment (IS 39.7.1)

Consider Length Section KL/Depth KL/Depth KL/Depth Ma
Ma Factor Depth (mm) Ratio Limit Exceeded Moment (kN-m)
Major Bending (M3 ) Yes 0.852 350 13.055 12 Yes 8.5917
Minor Bending (M2 ) Yes 0.852 350 13.599 12 Yes 9.3229

⮚ Shear design
ETABS Concrete Frame Design
IS 456:2000 Column Section Design
Column Element Details Type: Ductile Frame (Shear Details)
Level Element Unique Name Section ID Combo ID Station Loc Length (mm) LLRF
1S C1 1 C1 350 X 350 M20 509: 1DL+0.3LL-1NBCEQyULSRS 225 3000 0.872

Section Properties
b (mm) h (mm) dc (mm) Cover (Torsion) (mm)
350 350 60 30

Material Properties
Ec (MPa) fck (MPa) Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless) fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
22360.68 20 1 500 415

Design Code Parameters

ɣC ɣS
1.5 1.15

Additional Moment Reduction Factor k (IS 39.7.1.1)

Ag Asc Puz Pb Pu k
cm² cm² kN kN kN Unitless
1225 28.7 2177.1 440.9799 288.0536 1

Additional Moment (IS 39.7.1)

Consider Length Section KL/Depth KL/Depth KL/Depth Ma
Ma Factor Depth (mm) Ratio Limit Exceeded Moment (kN-m)
Major Bending (M3 ) Yes 0.852 350 13.055 12 Yes 8.5917
Minor Bending (M2 ) Yes 0.852 350 13.599 12 Yes 9.3229

Shear Design for Vu2, Vu3

Rebar Av /s Design Vu Design Pu Design Mu Vc Vs Vn
mm²/m kN kN kN-m kN kN kN
Major Shear(V2 ) 387.95 45.6849 288.0536 -24.4077 96.4303 40.6003 137.0305
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Rebar Av /s Design Vu Design Pu Design Mu Vc Vs Vn

mm²/m kN kN kN-m kN kN kN
Minor Shear(V3 ) 387.95 62.0337 288.0536 -101.6024 96.4303 40.6003 137.0305

Design Forces
Factored Vu Factored Pu Factored Mu Capacity Vp
kN kN kN-m kN
Major Shear(V2 ) 16.4662 154.8036 17.7531 45.6849
Minor Shear(V3 ) 62.0337 154.8036 87.6431 51.4392

Capacity Shear (Part 1 of 2)

Shear Vp Long.Rebar As(Bot) Long.Rebar As(Top) Cap.Moment MposBot
kN % % kN-m
Major Shear(V2 ) 45.6849 0 0 0
Minor Shear(V3 ) 51.4392 0 0 0

Capacity Shear (Part 2 of 2)

Cap.Moment MnegTop Cap.Moment MnegBot Cap.Moment MposTop
kN-m kN-m kN-m
0 0 0
0 0 0

Design Basis
Shr Reduc Factor Strength fys Strength fck Area Ag
Unitless MPa MPa cm²
1 415 20 1225

Concrete Shear Capacity

Conc.Area Ast Allowable CompFactor DepthFactr Strengh
Major Shear(V2 ) Ac Tauc Delta k Factor
cm² % MPa Unitless Unitless Unitless
Major Shear(V2 ) 1015 1.412 702.323 1.353 1 1
Minor Shear(V3) 1015 1.412 702.323 1.353 1 1

Shear Rebar Design

Design Stress Conc.Cpcty Allowable Rebar Area
Vu Tau Taucd Tauc,max Asv /s
kN MPa MPa MPa mm²/m
Major Shear(V2 ) 45.6849 0.45 0.95 2.8 387.95
Minor Shear(V3 ) 62.0337 0.61 0.95 2.8 387.95

5.3 Slab Design

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Slabs are designed considering the beam of unit width and they behave in flexure. Designing
of slab is done with adaptation of software. Slabs are designed regarding if they are simply
supported or continuous slab. For design of Slab IS456:2000 is followed. Slabs are designed
to find total depth and reinforcement in two directions. Detailing of slab is done as per NBC
and if it is inadequate IS code for detailing (SP 34) is followed. Please refer Annex C:

5.4 Stair case Design

Since the staircase used is open-well it has been design accordingly it has been also modeled
in software to see the response due to the earthquake load. Please refer Annex D:

5.5 Foundation Design

For more details please refer Annex E:

5.6 Critical Checks

⮚ Strong column weak beam
The design members have been also checked manually for strong columns and week beam
condition in lateral load resisting system as per IS13920:2016 and the software result were
verified with manual calculations.
⮚ Shear Check in column
Shear capacity of the columns was checked as per IS13920:2016 and it was found
satisfactory for design reinforcement.
⮚ Confinement check in columns
Confinement check as per IS13920:2016 is one of the critical check for RCC frame
structure and the confinement link was given for design structure as per manual
calculations.

5.7 Architectural and Structural Drawings

The design architectural and structural drawings of the structural members have been
attached. Please refer Architectural and Structural drawings.
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CHAPTER 06. DESIGN SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

6.1 Summary and Conclusion

The building is analyzed and designed followed by the analytical modeling using finite
element software. With reference to the guidelines and design codes NBC105:2020,
IS456:2000, IS1893:2016 and IS13920:2016. Flexural and shear capacity of elements was
checked for the better performance of the building during the earthquake. Since the building
is residential the design has been carried out for importance factor 1 and the following
conclusion has been made:
⮚ The torsional irregularity of the building has been avoided as much as possible for the
design for the better performance of the building
⮚ Lateral Load system has been considered mutual parallel system for the design
⮚ Necessary check has been performed before starting the ductile detailing of design
building.
⮚ Clear cover has been considered for fire safety as per IS456:2000 codes
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References:

⮚ IS:875 (Parts 1 to 5) -1987, Code of practice for design loads in Building and
Structure-Dead loads, Bureau of Indian standards, New Delhi,1989
⮚ IS:1893- (Part I)-2016, Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design Structure Bureau of
Indian standards, New Delhi,1986
⮚ National Building Code of Nepal - NBC105:2020
⮚ IS 456:2000, IS 1893:2016, IS 875 (part I and II), IS 15988: 2013. (n.d.).
⮚ Agarwal, P., & Shrikhande, M. (2016). Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures.
Delhi: PHI Learning Private Limited
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Annex A: Beam Design Summary

Please refer Structural Drawing for details

Fig- Beam Layout

Floor Beams Re-Bars at Support Re-Bars at Mid Span
(depth including slab
thickness) Top Bottom Top Bottom
MB1 3-12dia. Bars TH.
3-12dia. Bars TH. 3-12dia. Bars TH. 3-12dia. Bars TH.
230 x 425 mm 2-12dia bars EXT.

TB1
3-12dia. Bars TH. 3-12dia. Bars TH. 3-12dia. Bars TH. 3-12dia. Bars TH.
250 x 355 mm
Vertical 2L 8 mm dia. vertical stirrups@100mm c/c 2L 8mm dia. vertical stirrups@150mm c/c
stirrups up to L/4 from end of support at mid span

Fig- Beam Schedule

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Annex B: Column Design Summary

Please refer Structural Drawing for details

Fig- Column Layout

C1 (350 X 350 mm) Lateral ties
3 Storey 4-12mm dia 8mm dia. 4-
4-16mm dia Legged lateral
ties @100 mm &
2 Storey 4-16mm dia 150mm c/c at
4-16mm dia ends & mid
height
1 Storey 4-16mm dia throughout
4-16mm dia
Fig- Column Schedule
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Annex C: Slab Design Summary

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Annex D: Stair Case Design

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Annex E: Footing Design Summary

Isolated footing of different dimensions with depth is calculated for foundation slab.
Design of Combined Strap Footing
<Program Created by: Engr. Jeremy E Caballes>

P1 DL = 304.8167 kN P2 DL = 385.4104 kN
P1 LL = 38.9169 kN P2 LL = 92.7885 kN
M1 DL = -0.2402 kN-m M2 DL = -0.2193 kN-m
E= 200,000.00 MPa M1 LL = -0.1428 kN-m M2 LL = -0.1831 kN-m
f'c = 20.00 MPa
fy = 500.00 MPa
Wconc = 23.50 kN per cu m
Wsoil = 16.50 kN per cu m
qa = 150.00 kPa
OR
qe = kPa
A D= 1.85 m

Assume T = 400 mm
0.4
Remarks: SAFE! A
Distance from the Strap Beam Properties: Section A-A
Property Line = 0m Column Spacing = 3 m Height = 600 mm
L1 = 1.3 m Width = 300 mm
Remarks: SAFE!
L2 1.9 m 0.6
0.3

C1y = 350 mm C2y = 350 mm

B1 0.35 0.35 B2

Bar diameter = 16 mm
0.016 C1x = 350 mm C2x = 350 mm
Concrete cover = 50 mm 0.35 0.35
0.05
Temperature bar Ø = 12 mm Ratio, L1/B1 = (Optional) L2/B2 = (Optional)

Programmed by : Engr. Jeremy E. Caballes, 17 April 2004, Revised, 11 Nov 2005

∑M at R1 = 0, CW is (+) A1 = R1/qe
0= P2(X2 - L1/2) - P1(L1/2 - X1) - R2(X2 - L1/2) + M1 + M2 A1 = 3.503 sq m
R2 = 413.225 kN A2 = R2/qe
R1 = P1 + P2 - R2 A2 = 3.542 sq m
R1 = 408.707 kN A= A1 + A2
A= 7.045 sq m
Solve for Location of its Resultant: Design loads:
P1 = P1 DL + P2 LL Pu1 = 1.4(P1 DL) + 1.7(P1 LL)
P1 = 343.734 kN Pu1 = 492.902 kN wp1 = 1408.292 kN/m, Mu1 = -0.579 kN-m
P2 = P2 DL + P2 LL Pu2 = 1.4(P2 DL) + 1.7(P2 LL)
P2 = 478.199 kN Pu2 = 697.315 kN wp2 = 1992.329 kN/m, Mu1 = -0.618 kN-m
M1 = M1 DL + M2 LL Pu = Pu1 + Pu2
M1 = -0.383 kN-m Pu = 1,190.217 kN
M2 = M2 DL + M2 LL Mu1 = 1.4(M1 DL) + 1.7(M1 LL)
M2 = -0.402 kN-m Mu1 = -0.579 kN-m
X1 = 0.175 m Mu2 = 1.4(M2 DL) + 1.7(M2 LL)
X2 = 3.175 m Mu2 = -0.618 kN-m
P = P1 + P2 ∑M at Ru1 = 0, CW is (+)
P = 821.933 kN 0= Pu2(X2 - L1/2) - Pu1(L1/2 - X1) - Ru2(X2 - L1/2) + Mu1 + Mu2
P(Xc) = P1(X1) + P2(X2) + M1 +M2 Ru2 = 604.117 kN
Xc = 1.919 m X1 ≤ Xc ≤ X2, OK! Ru1 = Pu1 + Pu2 - Ru2
L = 4.125 m Ru1 = 586.100 kN
qu1 = Ru1/A1
Determine the Widths: = 166.980 kPa
qe = qa - qs - qc wua = qu1 x B1
qs = Wsoil x (D - T) wu1 = 450.847 kN/m Soil = 450.847 kN/m
qs = 23.925 kPa qu2 = Ru2/A2
qc = Wconc x T = 170.030 kPa
qc = 9.400 kPa wub = qu2 x B2
Therefore: qe = 116.675 kPa wu2 = 317.956 kN/m Soil = 317.956 kN/m
Thus: A = (P/qe)(1+6e/L)
A = 7.045 sq m Distance (m)
A = A1 + A2 1.000 xa = X1 - 0.5C1x xa = 0.000
P/qe = A1 + A2 -6.350 xb = X1 + 0.5C1x xb = 0.350
A2 = P/qe - A1 0.000 xc = L1 xc = 1.300
A.Xc = A1(L1/2) + A2X2 0.000 xd = L - L2 xd = 2.225
A.Xc = A1(L1/2) +(P/qe - A1)X2 L1 = 6.350 xe = X2 - 0.5C2x xe = 3.000
A1 = 3.503 sq m B1 = #DIV/0! xf = X2 + 0.5C2x xf = 3.350
L1 B1 = 3.503 sq m Stirrups for Strap (8 - mm Ø): 1 @ 50 mm, rest @ 171 mm symmetrical with respect to it's midspan
Since: L1 = 1.30 say 1.300 m f'c = 20 MPa Temperature bar Ø = 12 mm
Then: B1 = 2.695 say 2.700 m fy = 500 MPa L1 = 1.3 m
Check: L1/B1 = 0.481 Not within 0.75 ≤ L/B ≤ 1.0, Not OK! Wconc = 23.5 kN per cu m B1 = 2.7 m
A2 = 3.542 sq m Wsoil = 16.5 kN per cu m L2 = 1.9 m
L2 B2 = 3.542 qa = 150 kPa B2 = 1.87 m
L2 = 1.900 say 1.900 m T = 400 mm D = 1.85 m
B2 = 1.864 say 1.870 m Edge Dist. = 0.175 m d = 342 mm
Check: L1/B1 = 1.016 Col Dist. = 3 m d = 542 mm
Not within 0.75 ≤ L/B ≤ 1.0, Not OK! Edge Dist. = 0.95 m Bottom 15-12 @ 142 mm
L = 4.125 m Strap: 600 mm x 300 mm Bottom 9-16 @ 221 mm
Ext. Col: 350 mm x 350 mm Bottom 7-16 @ 199 mm
Int. Col: 350 mm x 350 mm Bottom 10-16 @ 199 mm
Bar diameter = 16 mm Top 4-16, Top
Concrete cover = 50 mm Top 3-16, Top

Programmed by : Engr. Jeremy E. Caballes, 17 April 2004, Revised, 11 Nov 2005

 A Report on
Analysis and Design of Residential Building located at Pokhara, Kaski 37
Nepal

Check for One-Way or Direct Shear: x-factor = 1.212121212 Origin = -1.500

d = T - 0.5Ø - cover Footing 1: Footing 2:
= 342 mm 1.576 -1.682 2.697 -1.318
d = 0.342 m 1.576 -3.136 2.697 -0.367
0.000 -3.136 5.000 -0.367
xa = X1 - C1x/2 - d Ve = qu1 (B1/2 - ye) (L1) 0.000 a
0.136 5.000 b -2.633 c d
xb = L1 Ve = 180.823 kN 1.576 0.136 2.697 -2.633
xc = L - L2 Vf = qu2 (B2/2 - yf) (L2) 1.576 -1.318 2.697 -1.682
xd = X2 + C2x/2 + d Vf = 135.038 kN 0.000 0.985 2.697 0.985
ye = B1/2 - C1y/2 - d 1.576 0.985 5.000 0.985
yf = B2/2 - C2y/2 - d 1.576 0.500 5.000 0.500
0.000 0.500 2.697 0.500
None Longitudinal Transverse 0.000 0.985 2.697 0.985
Section:

Property Line
a -a d-d e -e f-f Column 1: Column 2:
Distance, x, y, (m) 0.000 3.692 0.517 0.517 0.000 0.985 3.636 0.985
Vu (kN) 000.000E+0 -137.675E+0 180.823E+0 135.038E+0 0.000 -1.288 1.985 -1.288 3.636 1.985
b (mm) 2700 1870 1300 1900 0.424 -1.288 1.985 -1.288 4.061 1.985
d (mm) 342 342 342 342 0.424 -1.712 0.985 -1.712 4.061 0.985
ØVc = Ø(1/6)√(f'c)bd, (kN) 585.022E+0 405.182E+0 281.677E+0 411.682E+0 0.000 -1.712 0.985 -1.712 3.636
Remarks None SAFE! SAFE! SAFE! 0.000 e -1.288 1.985 e-1.288f 3.636 f
Press fac = 0.001 Load Diagram Origin = -5.500
Strap Beam SAFE! 0.000 -4.000 2.697 -4.000
Section:
b-b c-c SAFE! 1.576 -4.000 5.000 -4.000
Distance, y (m) 1.300 2.225 SAFE! 1.576 -4.226 5.000 -4.160
Vu (kN) 93.198E+0 93.198E+0 SAFE! 0.000 -4.226 2.697 -4.160
b (mm) 300 300 SAFE! 0.000 -4.000 2.697 -4.000
d (mm) 542 542 SAFE! 0.000 -3.293 3.636 -3.000
ØVc = Ø(1/6)√(f'c)bd, (kN) 103.016E+0 103.016E+0 SAFE! 0.424 -3.293 4.061 -3.000
Remarks SAFE! SAFE! 0.424 -4.000 kN/m, 4.061
1408.292 -4.000 1992.329 kN/m, Mu1 = -0.618 kN-m
Mu1 = -0.579 kN-m
0.000 -4.000 3.636 -4.000
Vc = (1/6)√(f'c)bd 0.000 -3.293 3.636 -3.000

Shear & Moment Diagram Load Diagram

= 121.1948844 kN > Vu = 93.198 kN Tie Beam: Datum:
Stirrups are not Required! 0.424 -1.318 0.424 -1.682 0.000 -4.000
Using: d = 8 mm 0.424 -1.318 0.424 -1.682 5.000 -4.000
S = Smax = d/2 3.636 -1.318 3.636 -1.682 0.000 -5.500
= 171 mm 3.636 -1.288 3.636 -1.712 5.000 -5.500
0.424 Soil = 450.847
1.227 1.576kN/m 0.500 Soil = 317.956 kN/m
3.636 1.227 2.697 0.500
Property Line a -a b-b c-c d-d
0.000 2.000 0.000 2.000 1.576 2.697 4.475
0.000 -6.250 0.000 -6.250 1.576 2.697 4.475
dx = dy = 0.250
e -e f-f
-0.250 -0.873 2.447 -0.873
Use: S = 171.000 mm 0.000 -0.873 2.697 -0.873
1.576 a
-0.873 5.000 b -0.873 c d
1.826 -0.873 5.250 -0.873
Critical Section for One-Way or Direct Shear
Programmed by : Engr. Jeremy E. Caballes, 17 April 2004, Revised, 11 Nov 2005

Check for Two-Way or Punching Shear: Property Line a -a b-b c-c d-d
0.000 2.000 0.000 -3.500 0.632 3.429 4.268
(a) Exterior Column: 0.000 -6.250 0.000 -6.250 0.632 3.429 4.268
xa = X1-C1x/2-d/2 0.000 xa = 0.000 m Punching Shear Failure
xb = X1+C1x/2+d/2 0.950 xb = 0.521 m Exterior Interior
x1 = 0.521 m 2 x1 = 0.521 m 0.000 -1.919 3.429 -1.919
y1 = 0.692 m 1 y1 = 0.692 m 0.632 -1.919 4.268 -1.919
Vu = Pu1 - qu1(x1)(y1) 0.632 -1.081 4.268 -1.081
Vu = 493.125 kN ßc = 1.000 0.000 -1.081 3.429 -1.081
bo = 1.734 m 44 0.000 -1.919 3.429 -1.919
ØVc = Ø(1/3)√(f'c)bod (1/3) 0.333333333 Dimensions
ØVc = 751.429 kN SAFE! Exterior Interior
Property Line

-0.250 -1.081 4.268 -1.081

(b) Interior Column: 0.000 x1 -1.081
= 0.521 m 5.250 -1.081 x2 = 0.692 m
Xc = X2-C2x/2-d/2 0.775 Xc = 2.829 m -0.250 -1.919 4.268 -1.919
Xd = X2+C2x/2+d/2 0.775 Xd = 3.521 m 0.000 -1.919 5.250 -1.919
x2 = 0.692 m 2 x2 = 0.692 m -0.250 -1.081 5.250 -1.081
y2 = 0.692 m 2 y2 = 0.692 m -0.250 -1.919 5.250 -1.919
Vu = Pu2 - qu2(x2)(y2) Exterior Interior
Vu = 615.894 kN ßc = 1.000 0.000 0.000 3.429 0.000
y1 = 0.692 m

y2 = 0.692 m

bo = 2.768 m 44 0.000 -1.081 3.429 -1.081

ØVc = Ø(1/3)√(f'c)bod (1/3) 0.333333333 0.632 0.000 4.268 0.000
ØVc = 1,199.513 kN SAFE! 0.632 -1.081 4.268 -1.081
0.000 0.000 3.429 0.000
0.632 0.000 4.268 0.000

1408.292 kN/m, Mu1 = -0.579 kN-m 1992.329 kN/m, Mu1 = -0.618 kN-m
Shear & Moment Diagram Load Diagram

a b c d

Soil = 450.847 kN/m Soil = 317.956 kN/m

a b c d

Critical Section for Two-Way or Punching Shear

Programmed by : Engr. Jeremy E. Caballes, 17 April 2004, Revised, 11 Nov 2005

 A Report on
Analysis and Design of Residential Building located at Pokhara, Kaski 38
Nepal

Design of Reinforcement:
d = T - 0.5Ø - cover
= 342.000 mm Footing
= 542.000 mm Strap
a b c d
4√f`c 1.4
ρmin = or ρmin =
fy fy
= 0.00224 = 0.00280
Use ρmin = 0.00280

Ab = πd² / 4
= 201.062 sq mm
Mu = 0.000 -174.129 -87.920 95.486

Property Line
Longitudinal Property Line a -a b-b c-c d-d
Section
a b c d 0.000 2.000 0.000 2.000 0.424 1.576 2.697
Mu = 000.000E+0 174.129E+6 87.920E+6 95.486E+6 0.000 -6.250 0.000 -6.250 0.424 1.576 2.697
b= 2,700.000 300.000 300.000 1,870.000 e -e f-f
d= 342.000 542.000 542.000 342.000 3.636 4.061
Rn = 0.00000 2.19537 1.10848 0.48507 3.636 4.061
act p = 0.00000 0.00472 0.00229 0.00098 e e f f
Use: p = 0.00280 0.00472 0.00280 0.00280 g-g h-h
As = 2,585.520 767.163 455.280 1,790.712 -0.250 -1.038 2.447 -1.038
n= 13 4 3 9 -0.250 -1.288 2.447 -1.288
Soc = 216.000 66.000 99.000 221.000 1.826 -1.288 5.250 -1.288
Scl = 200.000 50.000 83.000 205.000 1.826 -1.038 5.250 -1.038
Location = None Top Top Bottom
194.485 136.265
Transverse
Section 1408.292 kN/m, Mu1 = -0.579 kN-m1992.329 kN/m, Mu1 = -0.618 kN-m
e f
Mu = 194.485E+6 136.265E+6 ye = C1/2 m

Load Diagram
b= 1,300.000 1,900.000 yf = C2/2 m
d= 342.000 342.000 yg = 0.175 m
Rn = 1.42118 0.68130 yh = 0.175 m
act p = 0.00297 0.00139
Use: p = 0.00297 0.00280
As = 1,321.471 1,819.440 Shear & Moment Diagram Soil = 450.847 kN/m Soil = 317.956 kN/m
n= 7 10
Soc = 199.000 199.000
Scl = 183.000 183.000
Location = Bottom Bottom

Temperature/Shrinkage Reinforcement: Ø = 12 mm
Ast = 0.002bh consider: b = 1000 mm
Ast = 800.000 sq mm
n = 7.074 say 8 b
a c d
Soc = 142.857 mm
Scl = 130.857 mm > 25 mm OK!
Ext Footing:Le = 2.234 m 15
Critical Section for Bending
Int Footing:Le = 1.404 m 9
Programmed by : Engr. Jeremy E. Caballes, 17 April 2004, Revised, 11 Nov 2005

Reinforcements Edge Dist = 0.07030303

Reinforcement
0.070
Details
Exterior
0.570
of Combined
2.767
Interior
0.570
Strap
1.576
Footing
Strap
0.570
1.505 By:0.570
Engr. Jeremy
4.930 E. Caballes
0.570 2.697 0.570
0.061 1.157
Ext. Col: 350 mm x 350 mm Int. Col: 3504.000
mm x 350 mm 1.157
Effective Depth Total Depth
0.000 1.227 5.000 0.985
-1.000 1.227 5.250 0.985
0.000 Strap: 600 mm
0.570 x 300 mm 0.500
5.000
d = 542 mm

d = 342 mm

-1.000 0.570 5.250 0.500

4-16, Top 3-16, Top
-1.000 1.227 5.250 0.985
-1.000 0.570 5.250 0.500
D = 1.85 m -0.500 0.985 T = 400 mm
0.000 0.985
-0.500 0.570
0.000
Edge Dist. = 0.175 m 0.570
Col Dist. = 3 m Edge Dist. = 0.95 m
-0.500 0.985
-0.500 0.570
Longitudinal Dimensions
0.000 0.136 0.212 3.848 5.000 0.000 0.000
0.000 0.500 0.212 3.848 5.000 0.212 0.000
Perimeter Dimension 3.848 0.000
15-12 @ 142 mm

Exterior Interior 5.000 0.000

9-16 @ 221 mm

0.000 0.136 5.000 -0.367

B2 = 1.87 m
B1 = 2.7 m

Bottom

Bottom

-1.000 0.136 6.000 -0.367

Strap: 600 mm x 300 mm
0.000 -3.136 5.000 -2.633
-1.000 -3.136 6.000 -2.633
-1.000 0.136 6.000 -0.367
-1.000 -3.136 6.000 -2.633
Exterior Interior Reinforcement Perimeter Dimension
0.000 -4.000 2.697 -4.000 Exterior Interior
Given: 0.000 -3.136 2.697 -2.633 -0.500 0.066 4.930 -0.437
1.576 -4.000 5.000 -4.000 0.070 0.066 5.500 -0.437
f'c = 20 MPa 1.576 -3.136 5.000 -2.633 -0.500 -3.066 4.930 -2.563
fy = 500 MPa 0.000 -4.000 2.697 -4.000 0.070 -3.066 5.500 -2.563
1.576
7-16 @ 199 mm -4.000 5.000 -4.000 -0.500
10-16 @ 199 mm 0.066 5.500 -0.437
qa = 150 kPa
Reinforcement Perimeter -0.500 -3.066 5.500 -2.563
Bottom Exterior Interior Bottom Exterior Interior
Wconc = 23.5 kN per cu m
1.505 -1.682 2.767 -1.318 0.070 -3.500 2.767 -3.500
Property Line

Wsoil = 16.5 kN per cu m

L1 =1.505
1.3 m -3.066 2.767 -0.437 L2 =0.070
1.9 m -3.066 2.767 -2.563
0.070 -3.066 4.930 -0.437 1.505 -3.500 4.930 -3.500
Bar diameter = 16 mm
0.070 0.066 4.930 -2.563 1.505 -3.066 4.930 -2.563
Temperature bar Ø = 12 mm 1.505 0.066 2.767 -2.563 0.070 -3.500 2.767 -3.500
1.505 -1.318 2.767 -1.682 1.505 -3.500 4.930 -3.500
Concrete cover = 50 mm

Stirrups for Strap (8 - mm Ø): 1 @ 50 mm, rest @ 171 mm symmetrical with respect to it's midspan
 A Report on
Analysis and Design of Residential Building located at Pokhara, Kaski 39
Nepal

Footing (F2)

1 Footing Size Design

Load Pu 534 KN
Design Load P 392 KN

Moment in x dir Mux -6 KN-m

Moment in y dir Muy -1 KN-m

Column size cx 350 mm

cy 350 mm

SBC q 150 KN/sqm

Footing Size required A req 2.61 sqmm

L 1.60 meters
Footing Size Provided
B 1.60 meters
Area Provided A prvd 2.56 meters

Zx 0.68
Zx 0.68

Net upward pressure Nup 147 KNm2

Footing Size OK

2 Slab Design
lx 0.625
ly 0.625

Bending Moment in x dir Mx 43 KN-m

Bending Moment in y dir My 43 KN-m

Concrete fck 20 MPa

Steel fy 500 MPa

Minimum Depth Required dmin 127

Depth Provided D 400 mm

Clear Cover c 75 mm
d'= clear cover + stirrup dia + ø/2
Effective Cover d' 81 mm
Effective Depth d' 319 mm

Spacing c/c in mm
Area of Steel
12# 16# 20#
383 sqmm 295 c/c 525 c/c 821 c/c
383 sqmm 295 c/c 525 c/c 821 c/c
Minimum Ast required across x direcion
Minimum Ast required across y direcion

Ast across x direction 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c 754 sqmm

Ast across y direction 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c 754 sqmm
 A Report on
Analysis and Design of Residential Building located at Pokhara, Kaski 40
Nepal

3 One Way Shear along x direction

Vu1 108 KN ζv=Shear Force/ (bd)

ζv 0.211 MPa
refer Table 61 SP 16 pg 178
ζc 0.260 MPa
Vc1 133 KN

One Way Shear Check OK

4 One Way Shear along y direction

Vu1 108 KN ζv=Shear Force/ (bd)

ζv 0.211 MPa
refer Table 61 SP 16 pg 178
ζc 0.260 MPa
Vc1 133 KN

One Way Shear Check OK

5 Two Way Shear

Vu2 464 KN
ζv 0.544 MPa

ks*ζc 1.118 MPa

Vc1 954 KN

Two Way Shear Check OK

5.24928
L= 1.60 meters

350
350

B= 1.60 meters
5.24928
400 mm

150 mm

12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c