Cold Wave

Preparation for Cold Wave & Surveillance under NPCCHH

Cold Wave
A cold wave is a weather-related event characterized by sharp drop of air temperature near the surface, leading to

extremely low values of temperatures

steep rise of air pressure

strengthening of windspeed or

associated with hazardous weather like frost and icing

Conditions for Cold Wave

When minimum temperature is 10°C or less for plains and fulfils following criteria:

Cold wave: Maximum Temperature Departure is -4.5°C to -6.4°C

Severe Cold wave: Maximum Temperature Departure is < -6.4°C

 Health facility to District reporting

Cold wave-related illness reporting format • Reporting to be started

Name of the district: Health Facility name : ____ Date of reporting: ______ from 16 December 2024
_____

• Daily reporting of cases &

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
deaths
Total Number of No of Deaths related to
Date Emergencies Hypothermia
Other cold wave
Hypothermia • Reporting from PHC and
related illnesses
cases cases
above facilities

• Mandatory daily
reporting

• ‘0’ reporting is required,

in applicable fields
 District to State reporting

Cold wave-related illness (district to state) report

Name of district:______ • Reporting to be started from
1 2 3 4 5 16 December 2024

Total Number • Daily reporting of cases &

No of Deaths related
Name of Health of Other cold wave
Date Hypothermia to Hypothermia deaths PHC and above
facility Emergencies related illnesses
cases
cases

• Reporting from PHC and above

facilities

• Mandatory daily reporting

• ‘0’ reporting is required, in

applicable fields
Hypothermia

Hypothermia is a medical emergency that occurs when the body's core temperature drops below
95°F (35°C).

It is caused by prolonged exposures to very cold temperatures where your body begins to lose
heat faster than it’s produced. It will eventually use up the body’s stored energy leading to lower
body temperature.

Very low body temperature affects the brain, making the person unable to think clearly or move
well. This makes hypothermia especially dangerous.

Dangerous hypothermia can occur even at less cold temperatures if a person becomes chilled
from rain, sweat, or submersion in cold water.
 Cold wave-related illness and death surveillance

Symptoms of Hypothermia
Adults Children
 Shivering Bright red, cold skin
 Exhaustion or feeling very tired Very low energy
 Confusion
 Fumbling hands
 Memory loss
 Slurred speech
 Drowsiness

Hypothermia is a medical emergency. Take ACTION!

If you see a person with any of the above signs, get medical attention immediately!
 Frost bite Signs and Symptoms of Frostbite

It is a type of injury caused by

freezing. It leads to a loss of feeling
and colour in the areas it affects, Redness of skin or pain in an area that is
usually extremities such as the exposed/unexposed in cold weather
nose, ears, cheeks, chin, fingers, may be a beginning of frostbite.
and toes.

A person who has frostbite may not

know they have it until someone else
Frostbite can permanently damage points it out because the frozen parts of
the body, and in severe cases can their body are numb.
lead to amputation (removing the
affected body part).

If you notice signs of frostbite on you or someone else, seek medical care.
Immersion (Trench) Foot
It occurs when the feet are wet for long periods of time.

Prevention by air-drying and

Sign and symptoms elevating your feet, and
exchanging wet shoes and
tingling and/or itching sensation, pain, socks for dry ones
swelling, cold and blotchy skin, numbness,
and a prickly or heavy feeling in the foot.

The foot may be red, dry, and painful after it

becomes warm. Blisters may form, followed
by skin and tissue dying and falling off. Seek medical care if you have
Diabetes Mellitus, foot wound,
check your feet at least once a
If untreated it may lead to loss of toes, heel, day for infections or worsening
or the entire foot. of symptoms.
CHILBLAIN (PERNIO)

It is a painful inflammation of small blood vessels in your skin that occur in response to repeated
exposure to cold but not freezing air.

Prevent by limiting your exposure to

Sign and symptoms include itching, red
cold, dressing warmly, and covering
patches, swelling, and blistering on your hands
exposed skin
and feet.

It usually improves in one to three

weeks, especially if the weather gets
warmer

Seek medical care if signs and symptoms

do not improve

Seek medical care if signs and symptoms do not improve

 शीत लहर से बचाव हेतु क्या करें
मौसम की जानकारी और आपातकालीन प्रक्रिया की जानकारी का पालन करें और सलाह के अनसु ार कायय करें ।

क्रजतना संभव हो घर के अदं र रहें और ठंडी हवा के संपकय से बचने के क्रलए यात्रा कम से कम करें ।

भारी कपड़ों की एक परत के बजाय ढीले-ढाले, हल्के , हवारोधी गमय ऊनी कपड़ों की कई परतें पहनें।

अपने आप को सख
ू ा रखें. यक्रद शरीर गीला हो, तो अपने क्रसर, गदयन, हाथ और पैर की उंगक्रलय़ों को पयायप्त रूप से ढकें क्रजससे शारीिरक गममी का नक
ु सान कम से कम हो।

शारीिरक गममी के नक
ु सान को रोकने के क्रलए टोपी और मफलर का उपयोग करें तथा इसं ल
ु ेटेड/वाटरप्रफ
ू जतू े पहनें।

शरीर के तापमान का संतल

ु न बनाए रखने के क्रलए स्वस्थ भोजन खाएं व पयायप्त रोग प्रक्रतरोधक क्षमता बनाए रखने के क्रलए क्रवटाक्रमन-सी से भरपरू फल और सक्रजजयां का सेवन
करें ।

शीत लहर से सम्बंक्रधत बीमािरय़ों के लक्षण़ों जैसे शरीर के अंग़ों का सन्ु न हो जाना, उंगक्रलय़ों, पैर की उंगक्रलय़ों, कान की लोब और क्रसरे पर सफे द या पीला क्रदखना, से सावधान
रहें।
शीत लहर से बचाव हेतु क्या न करें

कंपकंपी को नजरअंदाज न करें । यह पहला संकेत है क्रक शरीर की गममी कम हो रही है।

अत्यक्रधक मक्रदरा का सेवन न करे । यह आपके शरीर के तापमान को कम करता है और हाइपोथक्रमयया का खतरा बढाता है।

शीत लहर सम्बंक्रधत बीमारी से प्रभाक्रवत व्यक्रि को तब तक कोई तरल पदाथय न दें जब तक वह परू ी तरह सतकय अवस्था में न हो।

क्रबना हवादार एवं बंद,कमऱों में मोमबक्रियााँ, लकक्रडयााँ आक्रद न जलाएाँ। इससे काबयन मोनोऑक्साइड (CO) का उत्सजयन होता हैं जो स्वस््य के क्रलए हाक्रनकारक हैं।

यक्रद क्रकसी कारणवश गीले हो गये हैं तो तरु ं त गीले कपडो को बदले तथा शीघ्र शरीर को गमय करने के क्रलए अलाव, हीटर का उपयोग करें तथा गमय पदाथय का सेवन करें ।
 शीत लहर से करें बचाव, याद रखें ये सु ाव

ठंड के मौसम में एक मोटी परत के बजाय कई परतें पहनें हल्दी, अदरक और गडु जैसे गमय खाद्य व तरल पदाथों का सेवन करें

यक्रद आवश्यक हो तो क्रचक्रकत्सा उपचार लें

सक्रु नक्रित करें क्रक आप खदु को सक्रिय रखें और क्रस्थर क्रस्थक्रत में रहने से बचें हीटर का प्रयोग करें , अलाव के पास रहें