Intelligent Academy’s

Vocabulary

CONTENT

SL. NO. CHAPTER NAME PAGE NO.

1. Synonyms & Antonyms 03 – 66

2. Spelling of Words 67 – 71

3. Commonly Misspelled Words 72 –90

4. Basic Word Parts 91 –137

5. Some Important Phrasal Verbs 138 – 155

6. Some Troublesome Words 156 –164

7. Verbs, Adjectives & Nouns Followed by Prepositions 165 – 176

8. Some Important Verbs & Their Forms 177 – 182

9. One word Substitution-1 183 – 191

10. One Word Substitution-2 192 – 197

11. Idioms & Phrases 198 – 212

12. The Same Word Used As Different Parts of Speech 213 – 135

13. Proverbs & Their usage 237 – 251

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary

Written by
Dr. Prakah Thakur

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary

1. SYNONYMS & ANTONYMS

Abdicate: To give up a possession, claim or right
Syn : ancient, earliest, indigenous, native, original,
Syn :- abandon, abjure, abnegate primary, primitive
Ant :- retain, remain, claim. Ant : foreigner, alien, stranger
Sentence: The people of the state do not wish to Sentence: The islands may have had left no trace of
abdicate their sovereignty to the agencies which serve the existence of their aboriginal inhabitants.
them. Abridge: condense or shorten
Aberrant: abnormal or deviant Syn : abbreviate, condense, contract, curtail, diminish,
Syn : abnormal, atypical, bizarre, deviant downsize, precise
Ant : normal Ant : add, enlarge, expand, extend, increase, lengthen
Sentence: Given the aberrant nature of data, we came Sentence: The president can abridge the punishment
to doubt the validity of the entire experiment. of any culprit.
Abeyance: suspended action Abscission: cutting off; separation
Syn : discontinuation, dormancy, inactivity, intermission,
latency, suspension, adjournment, postponement. Syn : cutting, extirpation, removal
Ant : action, activity, continuance, continuation Ant : merge, assemble, collaborate
Sentence: Ideological disputes among his coalition Sentence: A number of methods are used to delay
members should have been kept firmly in abeyance. petal abscission artificially, including the use of
Ablution: washing chemicals.
Syn : cleansing, decontamination, purification Abstain: refrain; withhold from participation
Ant : dirty, corrupt, pollute
Sentence: Ablution is cleansing with water as a Syn : avoid, constrain, curb, decline, refrain,
religious ritual. Ant : indulge, use
Abnegation: Self sacrifice Sentence: Unless some opposition members abstain,
Syn : renunciation, denial, abstinence the budget may thus not get through.
Ant : Acquiescence, yielding, allowance Abysmal: bottomless
Sentence: His abnegation of the privileges of his power Syn :bottomless,deep, endless, infinite, fickle,
is one of his merits. changeable.
Abolish: cancel; put an end to Ant : finite, shallow, slight
Syn : abrogate, annihilate, destroy, dissolve, end, Sentence: They are riddled by injury and playing for
eradicate, expunge pride and reputation after an abysmal start to the
Ant : continue, establish, promote, ratify, support season.
Sentence: He is determined to abolish the right of Acclimate: adjust to climate or environment;adapt
some defendants to opt for a trial by jury.
Abominate: loathe; hate Syn : accommodate, accustom, habituate
Ant : ignore, neglect, indulge
Syn : abhor, despise, dislike, hate, loathe Sentence: The optional pre-stay allows guests to rest,
Ant : love, adore, cherish, like acclimate, and explore independently before their
journey begins.
Sentence: A politician who is revered by his supporters
and abominated by his enemies. Accolade: award of merit, recognition of
achievement
Aboriginal: being the first of its kind in a region

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Syn : approval, award, distinction, honor Syn : applause, blandishment, bootlicking, fawning,
Ant : insignificance, lowliness, criticism flattery
Sentence: There is no such accolade that he has Ant : abuse, criticism, disapproval
received. Sentence: The actress accepted the adulation of the
Accomplice: partner in crime crowd with delight.
Syn : assistant, associate, co-conspirator, collaborator Adventitious: accidental
Ant : enemy, opponent Syn : accidental, fortuitous
Sentence: She steals his mobile phone and her Ant : deliberate, planned, premeditated
accomplice comes in to smack her in the face. Sentence: The size of the reservoir was reduced by
Accretion: growth; increase adventitious rockslides from the riverbank behind the
dam.
Syn : accumulation, augmentation, increase, increment
Ant : decrease, deduction, shrinkage Adversity: poverty
Sentence: The gradual accretion of knowledge is the Syn : misfortune, affliction, calamity
way to go. Ant : aid, encouragement, favor, fortune, prosperity
Acidulous: slightly sour; sharp Sentence: The disabled man overcame adversity
when he received a Gold Medal at the Special Olympics.
Syn : sharp, tart, caustic, hurtful.
Ant : sugary, sweet Aegis: shield
Sentence: It is difficult to disguise the acidulous flavor Syn : defense, backing, protection, patronage, shelter
of cranberries. Ant : disfavor, opposition
Acquittal: deliverance from a charge Sentence: Ten days earlier, he surrendered under the
aegis of the amnesty program.
Affected: artificial; assumed in order to impress
Syn : amnesty, clearance, discharge, exoneration.
Ant : blame, censure, conviction
Syn : alter, change, influence, involve
Sentence: The defendant was ecstatic after he heard
Ant : calm, unmoved, unperturbed, unswayed,
of his acquittal.
untroubled
Adage: wise saying; proverb
Sentence: His death has affected you all, whether
Syn : aphorism, apothegm, axiom, maxim you knew him well or not.
Ant : absurdity, ambiguity, foolishness, nonsense, Affliction: state of distress; cause of suffering
paradox
Sentence: They are turning upside down the adage
Syn : adversity, anguish, calamity, depression, difficulty
that coaches coach and players play.
Ant : aid, comfort, consolation, help, relief
Adamant: hard; inflexible
Sentence: Unemployment also remains a deep and
Syn : determined, fixed, immovable, inexorable, prevalent affliction.
inflexible
Agape: openmouthed
Ant : flexible, pliant, submissive, yielding, changeable
Sentence: All three of them are adamant about making
the people around them and in this company better. Syn : astonished, surprised, appalled, overwhelmed,
shocked, staring
Adroit: skillful
Ant : clear, calm, expected
Syn : adept, artful, deft, dexterous, expert
Sentence: He stared at the pink elephant before him,
Ant : awkward, clumsy, inept, stupid, unskilled
mouth agape.
Sentence: She is a remarkably adroit and determined
Aggrandize: raise in power, wealth, rank or honor
politician..
Adulation: flattery; admiration

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Vocabulary
Syn : acclaim, applaud, augment, boost, dignify Sentence: I wanted to leave my job without an
Ant : belittle, debase, degrade, depress, disgrace, lower altercation.
Sentence: These destructive, power-hungry people Ambivalence: state of having conflicting emotional
make poor decisions meant to aggrandize themselves attitudes
and demean others. Syn : confusion, dilemma, doubt, fluctuation, hesitation
Aghast: horrified; dumbfounded Ant : certainty, decisiveness
Sentence: It’s understandable that the war fills him
Syn : afraid, agape, agog, alarmed, amazed, anxious, with ambivalence.
appalled, astonished Ambiguous: unclear or doubtful in meaning
Ant : unsurprised, assured, calm, content, cool,
Sentence: Aghast, the doctor’s friends set about trying Syn : unclear, vague, obscure, enigmatic
to get him released. Ant : clear, definite, explicit, lucid
Agrarian: pertaining to land and cultivation Sentence: “The senator spoke with such ambiguity,
it was impossible for me to tell what he really believes.”
Syn : agricultural, natural, peasant, rustic, Amenable: readily managed or willing to be led;
undomesticated answerable or accountable legally
Ant : artificial, fixed, modified, refined
Sentence: Although the war was the catalyst for a (SSC CGL 2011)
new society, the economy remained agrarian. Syn : acquiescent, agreeable, docile, influenceable,
Alchemy: medieval chemistry manageable, obedient
Ant : intractable, nonconforming, uncooperative,
unwilling
Syn : black arts, black magic, pseudo science, sorcery,
Sentence: Most companies, not surprisingly, aren’t so
witchcraft,
amenable to the idea.
Ant : reality
Amputate: cut off part of body; prune
Sentence: The effect was easy to dismiss as alchemy,
but there had to be a good explanation.
Allegiance: loyalty Syn : cut away, cut off, dismember, eliminate, separate,
sever, truncate
Syn : adherence, constancy, dedication, devotion, duty,
faithfulness Ant : join, add, unite
Ant : disloyalty, enmity, sedition, treachery Sentence: They won’t have to amputate the arm
because it has healed nicely.
Sentence: Every socialist today proclaims their
allegiance to markets while trying to control them. Animadversion: critical remark
Allusion: indirect reference Syn : censure, criticism, faultfinding
Syn : casual remark, citation, connotation, denotation, Ant : applause, exaltation, praise
implication Sentence: Although Penny thought she was well-liked,
Ant : evidence, proof her classmates spoke of her with animadversion.
Sentence: He likes to make allusion to the size of his Annals: records; history
salary.
Altercation: noisy quarrel; heated dispute Syn : archive, chronicle, journal, memorial, record,
register
Syn : argument, bickering, brawl, combat, contest, Sentence: The newspaper’s annals were in perfect
controversy order.
Ant : agreement, concord, harmony, peace, union, unity Anneal: reduce brittleness and improve toughness by

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
heating & cooling Syn : afraid, discerning
Syn : harden, temper, thicken, toughen Ant : quiet, unafraid, unfearful, unsuspicious, unworried
Ant : soften, weaken Sentence: I’m feeling a bit apprehensive about the
Sentence: It’s often necessary to anneal glass test.
products. Appurtenances: subordinate possessions
Antecedents: preceding events or circumstances
that influence what comes later; ancestors or early Syn : addition, annex, appendix, attachment, component
background Ant : lessening, subtraction
Syn : ancestor, forebears Sentence: He escapes practically all the
Ant : descendant, after, following appurtenances of civilized modern life.
Sentence: It had long antecedents with clear Aquiline: curved, hooked
environmental causes. Syn : Roman-nosed, beaked, eagle like
Antiquated: obsolete; outdated Ant : straight
Syn : aged, ancient, antediluvian, antique, archaic Sentence: Bernice was embarrassed by her aquiline
Ant : forward-looking, modern, new, recent nose.
Sentence: The office is spare and impersonal, with a Arbiter: person with power to decide a matter in
somewhat antiquated feel. dispute
Apocalyptic: prophetic; pertaining to revelations Syn : judge
Ant : arguer, fighter
Syn : ominous, oracular, predictive, prophetic, revealing Sentence: Shall we ask Mr. Francis to be the arbiter?
Ant : insignificant, unimportant Arcade: a covered passageway, usually lined with
Sentence: We are highly hedonistic and apocalyptic shops
with our self centered needs. Syn : gallery, mall, passageway, walkway
Apologist: one who writes in defense of a cause or Sentence: Hap tic interfaces were first available to
institution the public in the arcade.
Syn : pleader, polemicist, sophist Ardour: Zeal
Sentence: He became his apologist when things Syn : Fervor, heat, passion, eager
started to go wrong. Ant : languid, lethargy
Apothecary: druggist Sentence: Softly they sang, and sweetly, glancing at
Syn : dispenser, druggist Narada, at first with shy delight, and then with increasing
Sentence: It has a clean, almost apothecary ardour.
sparseness, with lots of sharp angles and galvanized Armada: fleet of warships
steel and slate. Syn : fleet, flotilla, force, navy, squadron
Appellation: name; title Sentence: The full armada docked at the port.
Syn : designation, label, nickname, sobriquet, title Arraign: charge in court; indict
Sentence: We used to call him “Danny,” but he recently Syn : blame, charge, criminate, inculpate, indict
let us know that he prefers the appellation “Daniel.”
Ant : discharge, exonerate, free
Appraise: judge, estimate Sentence: Government officials used expansive libel
(SSC CGL 2011) laws to arraign journalists who criticized them.
Syn : adjudge, assay, assess, deem, evaluate, examine Artifact: object made by human beings, handmade,
Sentence: The realtor made an appointment to
appraise the house. Syn : relic
Apprehensive: fearful Sentence: The one problem is that these things are an

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
artifact of quantization. Sentence: The Company lost many employees through
Asinine: stupid attrition.
Syn : absurd, foolish, idiotic, inane, silly, sophomoric, Audacious: daring; bold
stupid (SSC CGL 2011)
Ant : brainy, bright, intelligent, smart, understanding, Syn : adventurous, bold, brassy, brave, courageous,
keen, sensible dauntless
Sentence: Your asinine remarks prove that this issue Ant : cautious, gentle, humble, meek, mild, modest,
is not serious for you. reserved, timid
Aspersion: slanderous remark Sentence: He was too audacious to afraid from tiger.
Syn : abuse, animadversion, backbiting, calumny Augury: Omen
Ant : happiness, kindness, mildness Syn : Forerunner, harbinger, prophecy, prognostication
Sentence: Thomas threw one aspersion after another Sentence: The Future teller sat in his throne of augury.
at Michael. August: impressive; majestic
Assimilate: cause to become homogenous Syn : brilliant, eminent, exalted, glorious, grand,
grandiose
Syn : comprehend, digest, grasp, incorporate, ingest Ant : undignified
Ant : misunderstand, reject, unlearn Sentence: Manoj was impressed with the august
Sentence: It was difficult to get the new baby to surroundings of the farmhouse.
assimilate to his parents’ schedule. Autonomous: Self-governing
Asylum: place of refuge or shelter; protection (SSC CGL 2011)
Syn : Independent, sovereign, Free
Syn : cover, harbour, hideout, preserve, refuge, Ant : dependent, Servile, Slavish
Ant : open, uncover Sentence: Cars will then be virtually autonomous,
Sentence: He was concerned about other people who able to drive themselves without the motorist’s
have political asylum here. intervention.
Atrocity: brutal dead Avarice: Greed
Syn : barbarity, enormity, heinousness Syn : covetous, cupidity, ravenous, rapacious
Ant : good behavior, pleasantry Ant : benevolence, generosity, philanthropy
Sentence: The evil witch performed one atrocity after Sentence: Because of his avarice, Thomas was willing
another. to kill his own mother to inherit the family fortune.
Attenuate: make thin; weaken B
Bacchanalian: one who drinks too much
(SSC CGL 2010)
Syn : abate, constrict, contract, cripple, debilitate, Synonyms: alcoholic, bibber, boozer, dipsomaniac.
deflate, enfeeble Antonyms: abstainer, ascetic, teetotaler
Ant : expand, increase, intensify, strengthen Sentence: Vacationing students perform various
Sentence: There is also a limiter to attenuate sudden bacchanalian rituals during spring break.
loud noises. Badger: pester; annoy continually with demands
Attrition: reduction in the work force without firing
employees
Synonyms: annoy, bait, bug, bully
Syn : abrasion, depreciation, disintegration, erosion,
Antonyms: aid, help, please
grinding
Sentence: The way the lawyer was yelling and
Ant : building, strengthening
accusing the defendant I was sure he was badgering

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
the witness.
Baffle: frustrate; perplex Synonyms: apparel, array, attire
Antonyms: reveal, take off, unclothe, uncover
Synonyms: addle, bewilder, confound, befuddle Sentence: The witch doctors were bedizened in their
Antonyms: clear up, enlighten, explain gaudiest costumes.
Sentence: Even thousands of years after its Beeline: direct quick route
construction began; the mysterious ruins continue to Synonyms: shortcut, shortest route, straight line,
baffle scientists. straightaway
Baleful: foreshadowing evil Antonyms: curved, indirect, twisted
Synonyms: Deadly, ominous, harmful, threatening, Sentence: If a galaxy is lensed then the light from that
menacing, sinister galaxy must travel farther than if had made a beeline to
Antonyms: advantageous, helpful, auspicious, favoring us.
Sentence: She gave him a baleful look that scared Begrudge: envy; give or allow unwillingly; grudge
him.
Banal: hackneyed; commonplace Synonyms: jealous, reluctant
Synonyms: Trite, clichéd, common place, not original. Antonyms: favor, forgive
Antonyms: fresh, new, original Sentence: We don’t begrudge financial success in
Sentence: The hack writer’s worn out clichés made this country.
his comic sketch seem banal. Behemoth: huge creature; something of monstrous
Baneful: Cause of ruin size or power
Synonyms: Curse, anathema, ruin, blight, disaster, Synonyms: beast, huge, mammoth, gigantic
calamity Antonyms: dwarf, midget, runt
Antonyms: Advantage, blessing, fortune, good luck Sentence: Our school district would be absorbed into
Sentence: Karen’s baneful remark about Christine’s the behemoth south of us.
hair ruined the rest of her day. Beleaguer: besiege or attack (with an army); harass
Bastion: support; fortified place
Synonyms: bulwark, citadel, defense, fortification, Synonyms: annoy, badger, beset, bother, harry, attack
fortress Antonyms: aid, assist, facilitate, help, support
Antonyms: weak spot, weakness Sentence: The many pests and diseases that
Sentence: It consisted of a fortified town and a beleaguer commercial growers are not likely to plague
defensive bastion. home gardeners.
Bauble: cheap jewel Belittle: disparage; depreciate

Synonyms: bad-mouth, undervalue, criticize, decry,

Synonyms: trinket, knickknack, trifle
depreciate
Antonyms: precious stone; treasure
Antonyms: build up, exaggerate, praise, value, extol
Sentence: But even in these straitened times, the city-
Sentence: Open your eyes to whatever truth presents
state has rolled out this latest bauble with its usual flair.
itself for you, without feeling the need to belittle other
Barterer: exchange good for other goods rather people's posts.
than money
Bellicose: warlike
Synonyms: dealer, merchant, salesperson, seller,
Synonyms: aggressive, antagonistic, argumentative,
shopkeeper, stockbroker, trade
combative, hostile
Sentence: I will use my wool to barter for your grain.
Antonyms: calm, easygoing, pacifist, passive, peaceful
Bedizen: dress with vulgar finery
Sentence: He is a bellicose and always ready to fight.

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Vocabulary
Benefactor: gift giver; patron; person who does Bigotry: stubborn
good or who gives money for a good purpose Synonyms: Intolerance, prejudice, discrimination,
dogmatism, fanaticism
Synonyms: aid, altruist, angel, assistant, backer, Antonyms: broad-mindedness, fairness, open-
contributor, well-wisher mindedness, tolerance
Antonyms: antagonist, opponent Sentence: Clever effort to sneak in gender bigotry in
Sentence: Not have equal amounts of money the guise of scientific discussion.
distributed to us from some unknown benefactor. Blasphemy: irreverence
Benevolent: generous; having a wish to do good Synonyms: sacrilege, abuse, cursing, desecration
Antonyms: piety, religion, religiousness, reverence
(SSC Section Officer Exam 2001) Sentence: No civil laws specifically targeting
Synonyms: Charitable, altruistic, beneficent, benign, big- blasphemy, apostasy, or proselytizing.
hearted, caring Blighted: suffering from a disease; destroyed
Antonyms: greedy, malevolent, mean, selfish, spiteful,
unkind Synonyms: annihilate, blast, crush, damage, decay
Sentence: When things go swimmingly, few people Antonyms: aid, bless, guard, help, prosper, protect
seem to mind being run by benevolent autocrats.
Sentence: Now, you could not ask for a more perfect
Benign: kindly; favorable; not malignant (disease) metaphor for abandoned, blighted hopes.
Bludgeon: heavy-headed weapon
Synonyms: amiable, beneficent, benevolent, favorable,
Synonyms: bat, club, stick
friendly,
Antonyms: aid, assist, encourage, help
Antonyms: hateful, hostile, hurtful, injurious, malignant,
unkind Sentence: He was approached from behind and struck
the head with a bludgeon, knocking him senseless.
Sentence: Moti is benign and always helps the needy.
Blunder: error; stupid mistake
Berserk: mad with violent anger; frenzied; madly
excited Synonyms: bungle, error, fault
Synonyms: crazy, demented, deranged, insane, mad, Antonyms: accuracy, correction
maniacal, violent Sentence: Having a computer partner also meant never
Antonyms: balanced, realistic, reasonable, responsible, having to worry about making a tactical blunder.
sane Blurt: utter impulsively from nervousness or
Sentence: The audience was going perceptibly more excitement
berserk for this particular song. Synonyms: babble, jabber
Besiege: surround with armed forces Antonyms: keep quiet
Sentence: Participants blurt out as many ideas as
possible within a specified time period.
Synonyms: assail, attack, beleaguer, beset, blockade
Bluster: blow in heavy gusts; speak in a noisy or
Antonyms: leave alone, aid, defend, protect, resist
bullying manner
Sentence: Doctors say worried patients hearing about
the ailment are starting to besiege them. Synonyms: bluff, boasting, bombastic, braggadocio,
bragging
Besmirch: soil; make dirty
Antonyms: humility, meekness, servility
Synonyms: blacken, blot, defile, discolor, dishonor,
Sentence: Even-tempered, without bluster, he was
slander, smear, smudge, stain
approachable and ruled by a shot from his dark eyes.
Antonyms: clean, hallow, honor, purify, sanctify
Bogus: counterfeit; not authentic; intentionally false
Sentence: It pains me to see his reputation so
besmirched.

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uncultured and boorish.
Synonyms: artificial, dummy, fake, false, fictitious, Bountiful: generous; graciously generous
forged, fraudulent, imitation
Antonyms: authentic, genuine, real Synonyms: ample, plenty, copious, exuberant
Sentence: He was getting bogus data and had no way Antonyms: insufficient, lacking, meager, sparse
to determine that it was bogus.
Sentence: The Thanksgiving dinner table was set
Bohemian: unconventional (in an artistic way) bountifully with all kinds of delicious dishes.
Bourgeois: middle class; selfishly materialistic
Synonyms: artist, dilettante, flower child, free spirit,
gypsy, hippie
Synonyms: Philistine, common, conservative,
Antonyms: conformist, conservative, orthodox conventional
Sentence: Shaan wants to live an eccentric bohemian Antonyms: adventurous, imaginative, inspired, original,
life with his writer friends. untraditional
Boisterous: violent; rough; noisy Sentence: She thought of herself as a bourgeois.
Synonyms: brawling, clamorous, disorderly, Bovine: cow like
effervescent, impetuous, loud
Synonyms: placid, dull, calm
Antonyms: calm, quiet, restrained, silent, serene
Antonyms: Keen minded, astute, clever, perspicacious
Sentence: They silenced boisterous teenagers,
Sentence: With bovine slowness and peacefulness,
moved loiterers along, and noted unusual activity.
the cow rested under the tree and quietly chewed its
Bolster: support; reinforce cud.
Synonyms: aid, assist, buck up, bulwark Bowdlerize: expurgate
Antonyms: hinder, obstruct, prevent, undermine
Sentence: He should press rulers to bolster their
Synonyms: edit, expurgate
regimes by reform rather than violence.
Antonyms: allow, permit
Bombastic: using inflated language
Sentence: The film editors bowdlerize the language
of the film.
Synonyms: Pompous, big-talking, euphuistic Brawn: human muscle; muscular strength
Antonyms: humble, quiet, reserved, restrained
Sentence: There were bombastic speeches by party Synonyms: sturdiness, muscular
members defying their leaders’ orders on which way
Antonyms: frailness, skinniness, slightness, thinness
to vote.
Sentence: The role of the pusher is defined by strength,
Boon: blessing; benefit; something very helpful
brawn and athleticism.
Breach: breaking of contract or duty; fissure or gap;
Synonyms: benefaction, benefit, benevolence, blessing, opening
compliment, gift
Synonyms: aperture, break, chasm, crack, discontinuity,
Antonyms: disadvantage
fissure, hole
Sentence: This workforce is not only potentially
Antonyms: bridge, connection
happier; it can be a boon to the economy.
Sentence: The sailors worked as hard as they could
Boorish: rude; insensitive to bail the water from the hold, as seawater kept
Synonyms: bad-mannered, cantankerous, churlish pouring in through the breach in the ship’s side.
Antonyms: charming, cultured, exciting, polite, refined, Brevity: conciseness; shortness of duration
sophisticated
Sentence: By your actions you show that you don’t
Synonyms: conciseness, condensation, economy
deserve any respect, and that you are offensive,

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Antonyms: lengthiness, longevity, permanence Synonyms: abutment, prop, reinforcement, strut
Sentence: Simon’s poems were known for their Antonyms: let go, loosen, unfasten
brevity. Sentence: They are right but, to buttress their view,
Buffoonery: clowning they must establish a link between poor growth and
Synonyms: clowning, frivolity, prank, craziness, lunacy euro-area membership.
Antonyms: sobriety, tragedy C
Sentence: There are also moments when the scenes Cadaverous: pale, corpselike
are little more than buffoonery.
Bulwark: strong wall built for defense Synonyms: ashen, bag of bones, bloodless, dead,
deathlike, deathly
Synonyms: barrier, bastion, buttress, citadel, defense, Antonyms: flushed, lifelike, lively
embankment, fort Sentence: The hikers looked cadaverous after they
Antonyms: weak point, hinder were found a week later.
Sentence: They also serve as a natural bulwark against Cadence: rhythmic rise and fall
hurricanes and storm surges.
Bungle: mismanage; spoil by clumsy behavior
Synonyms: beat, measure, modulation, rhythm
Sentence The music had a slow but pleasing cadence.
Synonyms: blunder, botch, fumble
Cajole: persuade by praise or false promise
Antonyms: do well, fix, manage, succeed
Sentence: It was the result of a bungle that a
Synonyms: coax, wheedle, beguile, blandish, bootlick
bureaucratic rule-change misleadingly announced and
over-excitedly reported. Antonyms: bully, force, repel
Buoyant: able to float; cheerful and optimistic Sentence: The children will try to cajole their mother
into giving them more dessert.

Synonyms: floatable, supernatant, unsinkable, Calamity: disaster; misery

weightless Synonyms: adversity, affliction, cataclysm, catastrophe,
Antonyms: heavy, weighted collapse
Sentence: Even so, the market continues to look Antonyms: advantage, blessing, boon, comfort, good
extremely buoyant on many measures. fortune, good luck, happiness
Burgeon: grow rapidly; grow forth; send out buds Sentence: When any calamity has been suffered, the
first thing to be remembered is how much has been
escaped.
Synonyms: blossom, bud, expand, flower, grow,
Callous: without sympathy for the sufferings of
increase, prosper, sprout, thrive
others
Antonyms: shrink, shrivel, wither
Synonyms: apathetic, careless, cauterize
Sentence: In the last years of the nineteenth century,
an existing industry began to burgeon throughout the Antonyms: compassionate, kind, nice, sensitive,
state. sympathetic
Burlesque: give an imitation that ridicules; imitate Sentence: People’s response to our separateness can
be callous, can be good-hearted, and is always
mockingly
condescending.
Synonyms: caricature, comic, ironical, ludicrous, mock
Callow: youthful; inexperienced
Antonyms: original
Synonyms: immature, guileless, inexperienced, juvenile
Sentence: But the story is considerably expanded and
treated throughout in a burlesque vein. Antonyms: experienced, mature, sophisticated
Sentence: His failure in business is only due to his
Buttress: support; prop up

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Vocabulary
callow action. Antonyms: abstain, keep quiet
Cameo: shell or jewel carved in relief; star’s special Sentence: Leaders canvass at the time of election.
appearance in a minor role in a film Capitulate: surrender

Synonyms: jewelry, adornment, anklet, diamonds, Synonyms: bow, cede, concede, give up
crown Antonyms: defend, fight
Sentence: The actor made a cameo appearance in Sentence: He has seemingly no escape, and must fight
the little known film. or capitulate.
Canard: unfounded false rumor; exaggerated false Capricious: unpredictable
report
Synonyms: fickle, arbitrary, careless
Synonyms: exaggeration, hoax, rumor, spoof
Antonyms: constant, sensible, steadfast, steady
Antonyms: honesty, truth, truthfulness
Sentence: Some are loving and good, while others are
Sentence: By repeating this false canard you provide capricious or demanding.
an interesting example of the tide of misinformation.
Caption: chapter heading; text under illustration
Candor: frankness; open honesty
Synonyms: artlessness, directness, fairness, Synonyms: title, explanation, inscription, underline
forthrightness, guilelessness, honesty
Sentence: There was a descriptive caption beneath
Antonyms: artifice, deception, falsehood, guile, lying each picture.
Sentence: His candor is the characteristic that Cardinal: chief; most important
separates him from others.
Synonyms: central, chief, essential, first, foremost,
Canine: related to dogs; doglike fundamental
Antonyms: inessential, insignificant, minor, negligible,
Sentence: Their canine teeth are much more secondary, unimportant
prominent than ours. Sentence: Punctuality is one of the cardinal business
Canker: any ulcerous sore; ulcer; any evil virtues; always insist on it in your subordinates.
Carrion: rotting flesh of a dead body
Synonyms: bane, blight, blister, boil, corrosion,
corruption, lesion, sore, ulcer Synonyms: cadaver, carcass, deceased
Antonyms: blessing, boon, health, prosperity Antonyms: developing, flourishing, germinating,
Sentence: The purpose of this study is to examine how growing, improving, ripening
compounds produced in patients with canker sores Sentence: The Island was once inhabited by bald eagles
affect wound healing. that fed on fish and carrion but not foxes.
Cantankerous: ill-humored; irritable Catalyst: agent which brings about a chemical
change while it remains unaffected and unchanged
(SSC CGL 2010)
Synonyms: agitator, enzyme, goad, impetus, impulse,
Synonyms: bad-tempered, captious, choleric, cross
incentive, incitation, motivation,
Antonyms: easy, good-natured, happy, nice, pleasant
Antonyms: blockage, preventer
Sentence: The bear was always a little cantankerous
Sentence: The metal is coated with a platinum
in the mornings.
catalyst and placed in a device that allows methanol to
Canvass: determine or seek opinions or votes be drawn along the surface.
Cavalcade: Parade
Synonyms: opinion poll, public opinion poll, analyze,
Synonyms: Drill, procession
examine

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Vocabulary
Sentence: The Repulic Day parade is a cavalcade of outlook for emerging markets after the great strides
floats, marching bands, and performance artists. they have made.
Cavil: quibble; make frivolous objections Charlatan: quack; pretender to knowledge

Synonyms: carp, criticize, fuss, grumble Synonyms: fake, fraud, imposter, mountebank,
Antonyms: ignore, let go pretender, quack
Sentence: Her performance is beyond cavil. Antonyms: original, reality
Celerity: speed; rapidity Sentence: The charlatan was able to trick all but the
wisest people of the town.
Synonyms: alacrity, briskness, dispatch, expedition,
haste, hurry Cherubic: angelic; innocent-looking;
Antonyms: slowness, sluggishness
Sentence: They moved with great celerity when they Synonyms: adorable, childlike, cute, innocent, sweet
heard about the flood. Antonyms: hellish, dark, demoniac, devilish
Celibate: abstaining from sexual intercourse Sentence: Her face is cherubic and attractive.
cherubic eggshell-white face to make you comfortable
Synonyms: chaste, continent, pure, virginal talking to her
Antonyms: active, promiscuous Chivalrous: courteous; faithful; brave
Sentence: Some couple remained celibate until they
got married. Synonyms: benevolent, brave, considerate, courageous,
Censure: blame; criticize; express strong courteous, gentlemanlike
disapproval Antonyms: afraid, cowardly, fearful, frightened
Synonyms: castigation, condemnation, disapproval, Sentence: They look at these motion pictures and think
chide how glorious war is and chivalrous.
Antonyms: approval, compliment, encouragement, Cipher: worthless person or thing; zero
endorsement, praise, ratification
Sentence: Encouragement after censure is as the sun
Synonyms: blank, insignificant, nil, nonentity, nothing,
after a shower.
Antonyms: important, significant
Cerebration: thought; working of the brain
Sentence: The study material of that institute is cipher
and useless.
Synonyms: deliberation, Intellect, thinking
Circumscribe: limit; draw a line around
Antonyms: ignorance
Sentence: Cerebration is the process of using the
Synonyms: confine, bound, encircle, enclose,
mind thinking.
encompass
Ceremonious: Ritual
Antonyms: free, loose, open
Synonyms: Formal
Sentence: The artist will circumscribe the painting
Antonyms: Informal with just one red line.
Sentence: Every body should take part in ceremonious Circumspect: prudent; acting after careful thought
events.
Churlish: boorish; rude Synonyms: cautious, attentive, calculating, canny,
Synonyms: blunt, brusque, cantankerous, crabbed, careful, chary, considerate, deliberate
crude Antonyms: careless, incautious, indiscreet
Antonyms: gentle, nice, pleasant, polite Sentence: It pays to be a little circumspect when
Sentence: It seems almost churlish to question the writing your autobiography.

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Circumvent: defeat by behaving more cleverly Antonyms: meager
Sentence: The flesh was creamy and sweet, though
Synonyms: baffle, beat, beguile, bilk, deceive, dupe, far from cloying.
elude Coalition: partnership; union of separate political
Antonyms: aid, allow, assist, help, permit parties
Sentence: They will try to circumvent the lights out Synonyms: affiliation, alliance, amalgam,
rule by pretending to be asleep. amalgamation, combination, confederation
Cistern: reservoir or water tank Antonyms: disassociation, antagonism, discord,
disunion, estrangement, alienate
Sentence: Select a county name to see all the
Synonyms: pond, tank, container, tub, vessel
coalition members in that county.
Antonyms: closure, solid
Coercion: Use of force to get someone to obey
Sentence: The cistern of this building is empty.
Clamor: loud continuous noise Synonyms: Compulsion, pressure, duress, force
Synonyms: agitation, din, discord Antonyms: Freedom, liberation
Antonyms: quiet, silence, make peace Sentence: He tried to coerce me into signing the
Sentence: The voting is over, and the country has many contract.
other issues that clamor for attention. Cognizance: having knowledge
Clandestine: secret
Synonyms: concealed, covert, camouflage, furtive, Synonyms: attention, awareness, discernment, insight,
hidden intelligence, knowledge, mind
Antonyms: forthright, honest, open, truthful Antonyms: ignorance, misunderstanding, strangeness,
Sentence: He is always indulged in illicit and unfamiliarity
clandestine affairs. Sentence: It is because his cognizance that made him
Clarion: trumpet like sound reach to the climax.
Synonyms: shrill, blaring, loud, strident Colossus: gigantic statue; person of great
Antonyms: soft. importance
Sentence: Near the camp of military one cant hear (SSC Auditor 01)
the clarion calls. Synonyms: Gargantuan, behemoth, giant, mammoth
Clemency: Forgiveness Antonyms: diminutive, dwarf
(SSC S.O. 2004) Sentence: The software colossus stands accused of
Synonyms: Mercy, kindness, humanity, compassion, using its market power unfairly.
tolerance Combustible: easily burned
Antonyms: Cruelty, harshness, tyranny Synonyms: inflammable, explosive, ignitable, incendiary
Sentence: Every body has an eye one clemency of Antonyms: noncombustible, nonexplosive
the president to Sanjay Dutta, a famous actor. Sentence: There is seemingly no more combustible
Cliché: phrase dulled in meaning by repetition mix than high oil prices and a hotly contested election.
Comeuppance: well-deserved punishment or
Synonyms: platitude, banal, hackneyed, commonplace misfortune
Antonyms: coinage, nuance Synonyms: retribution, rebuke
Sentence: It is a cliché that children today think that Antonyms: amnesty, pardon, acquittal, exculpation,
vegetables come from the store, in cans or plastic bags. exoneration
Cloying: distasteful (because excessive) Sentence: Hubris on this scale deserves a spectacular
Synonyms: glut, disgust, satiate comeuppance.

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Compassionate: Having tender feelings imprint suggestive of a musket ball.
Synonyms: Benevolent, charitable, kindly, lenient, Conclave: Secret meeting
sympathetic Synonyms: Conference, council, gathering, parley,
Antonyms: cruel, harsh, hateful, indifferent, merciless session, caucus
Sentence: A compassionate advocate for the poor, Sentence: The great men of the city met in solemn
Mother Teresa is likely destined for sainthood. conclave to consider how the difficulty was to be met.
Complacency: self-satisfaction Conception: beginning; forming of an idea

Synonyms: vanity, smugness, self-conceit, self- Synonyms: Birth, origin, design, innovation, invention,
importance, swagger concept, construct, creation
Antonyms: dissatisfaction, meekness, modesty, self- Antonyms: end, abortion, death
consciousness, shyness, timidity Sentence: Does new life begin at the moment of
Sentence: If it serves as an excuse for complacency, conception?
that’s bad news for everyone. Concurrent: happening at the same time;
Complaisant: trying to please; willing to please
others
Synonyms: coeval, coexisting, coincident, concomitant,
Synonyms: accommodating, amiable, compliant, incidental, parallel, synchronous
conciliatory, friendly, generous
Antonyms: different, dissimilar, distinct, diverse,
Antonyms: antagonistic, disagreeable, discontented, opposite, unlike, divergent
obstinate
Sentence: The code also provides that the periods of
Sentence: William has always been complaisant when ownership and use do not have to be concurrent.
it comes to work in the community.
Condole: express sorrow
Compunction: remorse
Synonyms: conscience, penitent, qualm, remorse
Synonyms: comfort, commiserate, console, pity, soothe
Antonyms: defiance, meanness
Antonyms: be indifferent, turn away
Sentence: Defendant showed no remorse until he was
Sentence: I tried to condole my son after his favorite
caught, showed no regret, showed no moral
hamster died.
compunction at all.
Conducive: helpful
Compute: reckon
Synonyms: contributive, promotive, useful
Synonyms: calculate, count, enumerate, measure
Antonyms: adverse, discouraging, hindering,
Antonyms: conjecture, guess, surmise, estimate
unfavorable, unhelpful
Sentence: Why can’t the economist give a weighted
Sentence: Protecting children from junk-food
graph when it can compute the unweighted graph?
marketing would help create conditions conducive to
Concatenate: link as in a chain achieving a healthy weight.
Confiscate: Seize, Commandeer
Synonyms: chain, connect, couple, integrate, join (SSC S.O. 2004)
Antonyms: disjoin, disperse, divide, part, separate Synonyms: Grab, catch, grapple
Sentence: There’s no need to concatenate; simply Antonyms: Give, offer, release
stand side by side. Sentence: They questioned me for a considerable
Concave: curved inwards length of time, then confiscated the food items from
Synonyms: excavated, hollow, incurved, indented me.
Antonyms: convex, distended Congeal: freeze; coagulate
Sentence: The skull fragment also bore a concave Synonyms: clot, concrete, condense, gelatinize, harden

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Antonyms: dissolve, fuse, melt, unfreeze, liquefy, Contiguous: Adjacent; in contact
soften. Synonyms: adjacent, connecting, joining, neighbouring,
Sentence: Friendship that flows from the heart cannot juxtaposed, touching
be frozen by adversity, as the water that flows from Antonyms: Detached, divided, separate, away, far
the spring cannot congeal in winter.
Sentence: If you live in the lower United States it is
Congenial: pleasant; friendly said you live in the contiguous United States.
Synonyms: adapted, affable, agreeable, amicable, Contraband: Illegal trade
compatible, congruous
Synonyms: unlawful, banned, prohibited, smuggled
Antonyms: disagreeable, incompatible, unfriendly,
Antonyms: allowed, lawful, legal, permitted
unsympathetic
Sentence: The officer spotted contraband in the glove
Sentence: The image of filmmaker’s penitent is
compartment when the driver opened it to look for the
particularly congenial to her work.
registration.
Congenital; existing at birth
Culpable: Deserving blame
(SSC Auditor 2005)
Synonyms: indigenous, ingrained, inherited, intrinsic, Synonyms: blameworthy, responsible, sinful, punishable
inveterate
Antonyms: blameless, inculpable, innocent
Antonyms: inheritable, accidental, fortuitous
Sentence: My brother was culpable because he broke
Sentence: Jarrod’s heart problem was congenital. my mom’s favorite vase that was given to her by her
Conjecture: surmise; guess great grandmother.
Synonyms: fancy, guess, hypothesis, inference, opinion, Curtail: Cut short; abridge
perhaps, presumption, Synonyms: abbreviate, contract, decrease, diminish,
Antonyms: fact, proof, reality, truth lessen, reduce
Sentence: To die for an idea is to set a rather high Antonyms: extend, increase, lengthen, prolong
price on conjecture. Sentence: If you will curtail your attempt to be the
Connoisseur: Person competent to act as a judge class clown, I will stop calling you an idiot.
of art; a lover of an art
D
Synonyms: adept, aesthetic, appreciator, arbiter,
Dapper: neat and trim (in appearance)
devotee, epicure
Antonyms: apprentice, beginner, neophyte, novice,
dabbler, dilettante Synonyms: clean, dashing, dressed to kill, dressed to
Sentence: I am a connoisseur of chocolate desserts nines
so I try to eat them often. Antonyms: dirty, disheveled
Connubial: pertaining to marriage or the matrimonial Sentence: He was a dapper dresser and moved in
state the highest political and economic circles of the city.
Synonyms: conjugal, married, matrimonial Dappled: spotted; mottled
Antonyms: nonmarital. Synonyms: brindled, discolored, flecked, motley,
Sentence: Beth and Jim’s connubial happiness has multicolored, spotted
lasted since their wedding. Antonyms: uncolored, unflecked, unspotted
Contentious: Quarrelsome Sentence: Usually this means a wet forest area, with
dappled shade.
Synonyms: combative, disagreeable, belligerent,
querulous Daub: smear (as with paint)
Antonyms: agreeable, helpful, peaceful, compromising Synonyms: paint, plaster, smear
Sentence: The city council meeting was very Antonyms: decontaminate, purge, purify
contentious. Sentence: His body is covered with both bacteria and

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Vocabulary
amino acids, all of which his make-up artists lovingly Sentence: He had seen her, and lifted his hat in his
daub. debonair style.
Daunt: intimidate Decadence: decay; fall to a lower level
Synonyms: frighten, discourage, dishearten
Antonyms: encourage, hearten Synonyms: corruption, debasement, decline,
Sentence: Peril cannot daunt her, nor hardship and degeneration, degradation, downfall
poverty appall her. Antonyms: humility, morality
Deadpan: with no show of feeling Sentence: The decadence of family authority and
Synonyms: blank, impassive, serious, wooden coherence due to this cause is indubitable.
Antonyms: communicative, engaged, interested, Decapitate: behead
responsive Synonyms: chop off one’s head, execute
Sentence: Grace is handsome and slender, with a Sentence: Sloppy net work can decapitate and de-
deadpan delivery and an aura of shrewdness. wing dragonflies and butterflies.
Dearth: scarcity Decelerate: slow down
Synonyms: deficiency, famine, inadequacy, lack,
meagerness Synonyms: brake, slow, check
Antonyms: bountiful, copious, excess, surfeit, surplus, Antonyms: accelerate, quicken, speed, propel, push
abundance, adequacy, opulence,
Sentence: Decelerate and yield to any pedestrians
Sentence: Astronomers had previously regarded our and traffic in the intersection
sun as peculiar for its dearth of lithium.
Deciduous: falling off at a specific season of leaves
Debacle: sudden disastrous downfall or defeat
Synonyms: ephemeral, evanescent, fleeting, fugitive,
(SSC CGL 2010) impermanent,
Synonyms: collapse, disaster, downfall Antonyms: enduring, ethereal, lasting, lengthy, long-
Antonyms: boon, miracle, wonder lived, permanent
Sentence: Indeed, the whole debacle has a tone of Sentence: Deciduous trees, which lose their leaves
collegial prankishness turned sour. in autumn, shield your home from the sun in the
Debauch: corrupt morally; seduce from virtue summer.
Decimate: destroy or kill a large part of
Synonyms: bestial, brutalize, debase, defile
Antonyms: clean, improve, purify, upgrade Synonyms: annihilate, butcher, execute, exterminate,
Sentence: Printing money would worsen inflation, massacre, obliterate, slaughter
debauch the currency and bring a balance-of-payments Antonyms: patch, repair, create, invent, assemble
crisis. Sentence: Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the
Debilitate: Incapacitate settlers who followed only a few decades to
Synonyms: attenuate, enervate, undermine, weaken decimate these resources.
Antonyms: energize, invigorate, strengthen Declivity: downward slope
Sentence: The illness debilitated her mentally and Synonyms: declination, descent
physically. Antonyms: acclivity, ascent, climb, raise, upgrade
Debonair: friendly, charming, and fashionably Sentence: Declivity winds should be renamed updraft
dressed deflection winds.
Synonyms: affable, buoyant, cheerful, courteous, Decorum: propriety; orderliness and good taste in
happy, jaunty manners; appropriateness of behavior or conduct
Antonyms: awkward, clumsy, inelegant

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Synonyms: civility, conduct, correctness, decency (SSC T.A. 2011)
Antonyms: impoliteness, indecency, rudeness Synonyms: Portray, depict, draw
Sentence: Attorneys and parties should conduct Sentence: A sensible artist never delineate a vulgar
themselves with decorum and manners. pictures.
Decrepitude: state of collapse or weakness caused Deluge: Downpour; flood of something
by illness or old age Synonyms: cataclysm, torrent, inundation
Synonyms: decay, dilapidation, infirmity, weakness Antonyms: Boon, miracle, happiness
Antonyms: development, flourish, germination, growth, Sentence: It was raining hard already, then it seems
improvement, ripening, strength that the sky just opened up, and it became a deluge.
Sentence: Several generations of chairs have been Delusion: false belief; hallucination
laid aside, in all stages of decrepitude.
Defer: give in respectfully; submit; delay till later
Synonyms: deception, dream, fallacy, false impression,
fancy
Synonyms: delay, extend, hinder, impede, obstruct,
Antonyms: actuality, certainty, fact, reality, truth
postpone
Sentence: We collectively suffer from a delusion of
Antonyms: expedite, forward, hasten, hurry
destiny from our need to find meaning and purpose.
Sentence: The judge may defer the trial until next
Demoniac: (demoniacal) fiendish; evil supernatural
week.
being
Defiance: Disobedience; disregard
Synonyms: devil, cruel, atrocious, bestial, brutal,
degenerate, evil, ferocious, fierce
Synonyms: confront, insurgent, revolt
Antonyms: charitable, gentle, kind, merciful,
Antonyms: Acquiescence, obedience, regard sympathetic
Sentence: The defiance shown by the people of Alaska Sentence: There are times when a cackle of
to change is strang`e. demoniac laughter is the sole salvation of sanity.
Defile: make filthy or dirty; corrupt morally Demure: Modest and reserved in manner or
behavior
Synonyms: pollute, desecrate, profane, adulterate, Synonyms: bashful, blushing, coy, diffident, earnest,
besmirch, contaminate, debase, degrade humble, modest
Antonyms: clean, hallow, honor, purify, sanctify Antonyms: aggressive, bold, extroverted, shameless
Sentence: Owners must not permit their pets to damage Sentence: Indeed, she couldn’t have been simpler,
or defile any property other than their own. more considerate or more demure.
Degenerate: Deteriorate Denizen: inhabitant or resident of a particular place;
Synonyms: degrade, debase, decayed, rotten, unhealthy regular visitor
Antonyms: built, improved, ameliorate Synonyms: citizen, inhabitant, native
Sentence: After years in his prison cell, his muscles Antonyms: alien, foreigner, immigrant
had begun to degenerate. Sentence: the denizens of a bar can tell you a lot
Delectable: delicious; enjoyable about a place.
Synonyms: Luscious, palatable, tasty Denouement: The end result
Antonyms: disagreeable, nauseating, repulsive, Synonyms: conclusion, culmination, finale, end,
distasteful, unpleasant outcome
Sentence: On the occasion of Holi, he served Antonyms: Commence, opening, start, beginning
delectable items as lunch to the guests. Sentence: The President read a denouncement
Delineate: sketch; describe against the accusations made by the press against him.
Deploy: spread out (troops) in an extended though

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Vocabulary
shallow battle line Synonyms: aimless, haphazard, chaotic, orderless,
Synonyms: arrange, display unstable
Sentence: Forces with sophisticated weapons should Antonyms: methodical, organized, planned, systemic
be deployed on the border. Sentence: The desultory speech given by the teacher
Depose: dethrone; remove from office was confusing.
Detrimental: harmful; damaging

Synonyms: dethrone, dismiss, displace

Synonyms: injurious, adverse, bad, deleterious,
Sentence: The deposed king was replaced by his son,
destructive
the prince.
Antonyms: advantageous, beneficial, helpful, profitable
Depravity: extreme corruption; wickedness
Sentence: Pirates and other visitors had a lasting,
detrimental effect on the environment.
Synonyms: contamination, criminality, debasement,
debauchery, degeneracy, degradation Devise: think up
Antonyms: good, honor, justice, morality, nobility, purity,
uprightness, virtue Synonyms: invent, plan, consider, cogitate
Sentence: The Government of India is unable to judge Sentence: Learn about how to devise a plan that will
and check the depravity of leaders. boost sales.
Depredation: plundering; destruction Dichotomy: division into two opposite parts; split;
branching into two parts (especially contradictory
ones)
Synonyms: burglary, pillage, plunder, ravaging, robbery,
Synonyms: difference of opinion, disagreement,
Antonyms: boon, construction, goodness
disunion, separation, split
Sentence: As the population continues to increase,
Antonyms: combine, unite
slight increases in depredation are likely to occur.
Sentence: The dichotomy of their opinions is as severe
Derelict: negligent; (of someone) neglectful of duty
as black and white.
Didactic: intended to teach a moral lesson;
Synonyms: abandoned, disregardful, irresponsible,
instructional
regardless, unreliable, untrustworthy
Synonyms: teaching, academic, advisory, edifying,
Antonyms: careful, caring, improved, populated
enlightening,
Sentence: Ten years ago the original village was
Antonyms: uninstructive.
becoming a ghost town of derelict buildings and
deserted dirt roads. Sentence: In the opinion of many students, the
professor’s didactic approach was too heavy.
Despot: tyrant; authoritarian ruler
Diabolical: devilish; fiendish
Synonyms: cruel, demoniac, evil, fiendish, heinous,
Synonyms: Hitler, oppressor, tyrant, harsh
hellish, infernal
Sentence: Only the benevolent despot can rule the
Antonyms: good, celestial, heavenly, benevolent,
kingdom wihout protest.
benign, holy, saintly
Destitute: Wanting; poor Sentence: The wind seemed diabolical as it blew the
Synonyms: bankrupt, deficient, needy, exhausted, trees close to the electric lines.
penurious, penniless Dilapidated: in a bad condition; ruined because of
Antonyms: prosperous, rich, secure, wealthy neglect
Sentence: His extravagant lifestyle after retiring left Synonyms: damaged, decayed, decaying, decrepit,
him destitute by the time he died. derelict
Desultory: Random Antonyms: fresh, new, spruce

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Sentence: The dilapidated house at the end of the street Antonyms: harmony, agree, cooperation, accord,
is haunted. Sentence: Since the first meeting, discord has been
Dilettante: aimless follower of an art or a field of on the rise.
knowledge Discrepancy: Conflict
Synonyms: amateur, dabbler, unskilled Synonyms: difference, inconsistency, incongruity,
Antonyms: professional, capable, dexterous, gifted, variance
skillful, talented Antonyms: Agreement, concurrence, concordance,
Sentence: Although she is only a dilettante in the field harmony, consistency
of art, she has a genius for mathematics. Sentence: There is no discrepancy of opinion between
Diligence: steadiness of effort; persistent hard work my juniors and me.
Discretion: prudence; ability to adjust actions to
(SSC CGL 2010) circumstances
Synonyms: assiduousness, briskness, carefulness Synonyms: acumen, attention, calculation, chary,
Antonyms: changeableness, idleness, indolence, sloth, circumspection
carelessness, slackness, laziness Antonyms: carelessness, thoughtlessness
Sentence: Diligence and ardor are necessary for Sentence: Everybody appreciates his discretion to
success in examination. adjust with his relatives and friends.
Diminution: lessening; reduction in size Discursive: Rambling
Synonyms: deviating, erratic, roaming, wandering
Synonyms: abatement, alleviation, decrease, deduction, Antonyms: Direct, straightforward, fixed
retrenchment, weakening Sentence: The political candidate was discursive
Antonyms: augmentation, increase, accretion, accrual, when asked what his position was on poverty.
addition Disembark: go ashore (from a ship); unload cargo
Sentence: Among the effects observed were a from a ship
reduction in teasing and a diminution of Synonyms: anchor, arrive, go ashore, land
destructiveness toward property. Antonyms: embark, get on, leave
Disavowal: denial; disclaiming Sentence: The repeat button pushers are likely trying
to accomplish the same thing to disembark as soon as
Synonyms: repudiating, disowning, abstaining, possible.
disallowance, disapproval, Disengage: uncouple; separate
Antonyms: confession, affirmation, assertion, Synonyms: detach, disconnect, disentangle, disjoin,
declaration, attestation, corroboration dissociate, disunite, divide
Sentence: He sent message with a disavowal of his Antonyms: couple, engage, unite, join
arrival in the party. Sentence: Consequently, it is reasonably easy for me
Discomfit: put to rout; defeat; embarrass to disengage from any of them.
Disgorge: surrender something (stolen)
Synonyms: frustrate, perturb, disconcert baffle, bother,
confound Synonyms: Eject, discharge, vomit
Antonyms: surrender, yield Antonyms: keep down, contain, restrain
Sentence: Younger siblings have an easy time Sentence: After overdirnking Manish started to
discomfiting their brothers and sisters. disgorge.
Discord: lack of harmony; dissonance Disingenuous: not naive; not candid
Synonyms: crooked, cunning, deceitful, dishonest,
Synonyms: conflict, cacophony, disharmony, dissonance duplicitous, false, guileful

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Antonyms: artless, ingenuous, undistorted, candid, Sentence: Millar has been able to watch the action in
open. the first week from a relatively dispassionate
Sentence: The invitation to come to their country estate viewpoint.
seemed disingenuous so she did not seriously consider Disquietude: uneasiness; anxiety
it. Synonyms: anxiety, excitement, restlessness,
Disinter: dig up uneasiness, unrest
Synonyms: dig up, disentomb, expose, unearth Antonyms: calm, peace, quiet
Antonyms: bury, entomb, inhume, inter Sentence: He complains of severe pains in the head,
Sentence: I was told a story about human remains and general disquietude.
disinterred by archeologists working on a local Dissipate: Expend, spend
development. Synonyms: waste, squander, lavish
Dislodge: remove (forcibly) Antonyms: accumulate, collect, gather, hoard
Sentence: The tiny amount of energy dissipated goes
Synonyms: dig out, disentangle, dislocate, displace, into heat, barely enough to warm your big toe.
eject, extricate, force out, remove Distraught: upset; distracted by anxiety
Antonyms: deposit, lodge, stick, wedge.
Sentence: Use your thumb to break open the spongy
Synonyms: bothered, concerned, distracted, distress
pods along the seam and dislodge the beans inside.
Antonyms: calm, happy, pleased
Dismantle: take apart; disassemble
Sentence: Just after accident she was found upset,
even distraught.
Synonyms: annihilate, decimate, demolish, destroy, Diverge: vary; go in different directions from the
dismember same point
Antonyms: assemble, build, combine, construct, put Synonyms: branch, bifurcate, deviate, depart
together
Antonyms: converge, join, parallel
Sentence: It took quite a few saw blades, but she had
S e n t e n c e :
the car dismantled in no time.
Tell students that as part of evolution, species
Disparage: belittle can converge and diverge over time.
Synonyms: defame, degrade, deject, denigrate, Divulge: reveal
derogate
(SSC CGL 2012)
Antonyms: blandish, glorify, flatter, favor, benefit, laud,
Synonyms: disclose
regard
Antonyms: conceal, hide, keep, secret
Sentence: The disparaging remarks hurt her feelings.
Sentence: The murderer was arrested and compelled
Disparate: basically different; impossible to compare
to divulge the reality.
Docile: easily managed
Synonyms: contrary, contrasting, discordant,
dissimilar, distant, distinct, incompatible Synonyms: obedient, submissive
Antonyms: alike, equal, same, similar Antonyms: inflexible, stubborn, unyielding,
unmanageable
S e n t e n c e :
The meet ing of dis parate s ouls bri ngs wit h Sentence: The docile lion made the lion tamer’s job
it the inevitable apologyswap. too easy.
Dispassionate: not influenced by personal feelings Doddering: shaky; infirm from old age

Synonyms: calm, impartial, composed Synonyms: quiver, shiver, sway, tremble

Antonyms: emotional, excited, partial, passionate Antonyms: fit, healthy, young

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Sentence: When she is more than 80, she will be a Sentence: It is melancholy and dour and not always
doddering old women. easy to follow.
Dogged: determined; stubborn; stubbornly Dubious: Doubtful
persevering Synonyms: improbable, questionable, skeptical,
Synonyms: determined, tenacious, inflexible suspicious, unclear
Antonyms: docile, amiable, complaisant, gentle Antonyms: certain, definite, reliable, sure, doubtless
Sentence: The fear that he had forgotten something Sentence: They admitted the force of my argument
important dogged him all the way home. but remained dubious.
Dogmatic: Dictatorial, opinionated E
Synonyms: bigoted, obstinate, obdurate, stubborn Ebullient: Excited and enthusiastic
Antonyms: amenable, flexible, manageable, obedient,
submissive
Synonyms: agitated, buoyant, effervescent, effusive
Sentence: The old professor was dogmatic in his views
and would not admit error even when his mistakes were Antonyms: apathetic, disinterested, unenthusiastic
clear. Sentence: The children were in an ebullient mood on
Christmas eve.
Doldrums: Depression
Synonyms: apathy, blues, boredom, Eclectic: A collection of great variety
dejection, disinterest, ennui, gloominess
Antonyms: gayness, humor Synonyms: assorted, broad, diverse, heterogeneous
Sentence: Due to indifferent attitude of the Antonyms: narrow, particular, specific, unvaried
Government there are doldrums every where in Sentence: He has an eclectic collection of stamps
society. and coins.
Doleful: Sorrowful Edict: decree, official command
Synonyms: Dejected, depressed, gloomy, lament, Synonyms: announcement, injunction, mandate
lugubrious, mournful, melancholy Sentence: The citizens welcomed this edict with joy
Antonyms: cheerful, elated, happy, joyful Edify: instruct or correct morally
Sentence: After the murder of the head of the family
there is doleful enviornment.
Synonyms: advise, apprise, enlighten
Dormant: sleeping; temporarily inactive
Antonyms: confuse, puzzle, obscure, perplex
Synonyms: lethargic, latent, comatose, hibernating
Sentence: The purpose of the moral education session
Antonyms: active, awake, aware, conscious was to edify the outgoing class.
Sentence: The country is home to both inactive and
Efface: to rub out
dormant volcanoes and is prone to earthquakes.
Synonyms: expunge, obliterate, remove, sanitize
Dotage: feeblemindedness of old age
Antonyms: retain, maintain, resurrect, regenerate
Sentence: The dates on the inscriptions effaced over
Synonyms: decrepitude, fatuity, imbecility, infirmity, a period of time.
senility
Effete: weak and useless
Antonyms: childhood, strength, youngness,
Synonyms: impotent, barren, sterile, unfruitful
youthfulness
Antonyms: Powerful, capable, fertile, fruitful
Sentence: The victors, meanwhile, hung on to power
long into their dotage. Sentence: The committee was effete to translate the
plans into action.
Dour: sullen; gloomy; stubborn
Efficacy: power to produce the desired effect
Synonyms: bleak, saturnine, stringent
Antonyms: bright, cheerful, happy

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Synonyms: adequacy, aptitude, competence, efficiency clear conlusion.
Antonyms: failure, inefficacy, inefficiency, Emaciated: very thin and malnourished
unproductiveness, uselessness, weaknes
Sentence: The efficacy of the solution that the scientist Synonyms: atrophy, attenuate, famished, gaunt
has provided can only be tested through a practical test. Antonyms: fast, heavy, plump
Effrontery: brazen, boldness Sentence: Listening the woes of emaciated children
was very painful.
Synonyms: audacity, gall, impudence, insolence Emancipate: to set free
Antonyms: manners, modesty, shame, shyness Synonyms: liberate, manumit, release, unfetter
Sentence: He had the effrontery to admit in front of Antonyms: hold, imprison, incarcerate
the entire class that he himself was the cause of the Sentence: The emancipation of women was quite
entire problem. pronounced in 20th century.
Effusive: to be very expensive, extrovert Emasculate: to weaken
Synonyms: alter, debilitate, deprive, mutilate
Synonyms: candid, communicative, expansive, profuse Antonyms: aid, assist, help
Antonyms: reserved, reticent, unfriendly, Sentence: The French socialist and communist
uninformative, unsociable literature was thus completely emasculated.
Sentence: He was effusive in her praise for the beauty. Embargo: any legal restriction of commerce
Egalitarian: advocating full political and social equity
for all people Synonyms: censorship, injunction, limitation, prohibition
Synonyms: dispassionate, equable, impartial, Antonyms: allow, permit
unprejudiced Sentence: The aim is to lift the embargo on purely
Antonyms: unequal, unlike, unmatched, variable civilian items.
Sentence: Mahatma Gandhi believed in an egalitarian Embattled: in a condition of defence
society.
Egregious: conspicuously bad, offensive Synonyms: active, aggressive, bellicose, combating
Sentence: It is not only church liberals who have felt
Synonyms: atrocious, adorable, heinous, nefarious embattled over recent decades.
Antonyms: minor, secondary, slight Embellish: to decorate something to make it
Sentence: The way they made a mockery of that attractive
person was egregious. Synonyms: adorn, apparel, array, bedeck
Egress: an exit, emergence, a path Antonyms: deface, mar, spoil, disfigure
Synonyms: departure, doorway, escape, exodus Sentence: Don't embellish the tale with the
Antonyms: entrance superfluous
Sentence: Water issued from the egress in the wall. Embezzle: to siphon off funds
Elucidate: to make something clear Synonyms: appropriate, filch, pilfer
Synonyms: annotate, clarify, exemplify, illuminate Antonyms: redeem, restitute, reimburse, compensate
Antonyms: obscure, mystify, ambiguous, confuse Sentence: A warrant has been issued for his arrest
Sentence: This book elucidates the history of India. because he has allegedly embezzled 120 million rupees.
Elusive: evasive Embroil: to involve in a quarrel
Synonyms: ambiguous, baffling, deceptive, fraudulent Synonyms: confound, derange, entangle, implicate
Antonyms: attracting, enticing Antonyms: exclude, uncomplicate
Sentence: His elusive statements will not help us to a Sentence: The two of them are soon embroiled with

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
wine and women. than the poetry.
Embryonic: in a developing state Enigma: a riddle
Synonyms: blossoming, burgeoning, fledgling, Synonyms: bewilderment, parable, secret, sphinx
germinating Sentence: Don't have an enigma. Please say clearly.
Antonyms: developed, grown, mature Ennui: boredom
Sentence: Embryonic stem cells are derived from the Synonyms: apathy, dejection, doldrums, languor
inner cell mass.
Antonyms: enthusiasm, excitement, liveliness, vigor
Emissary: agent Sentence: In any event, changing perspectives also
Synonyms: ambassador, carrier, delegate, envoy fails to treat ennui.
Sentence: The PM dispatched an emissary to Bihar Enormity: very wicked act
to talk to the CM.
Synonyms: abomination, atrociousness, depravity,
Emollient: softening or soothing agent flagrancy
Synonyms: application, balsam, ointment, poultice Antonyms: goodness
Antonyms: intolerant, rigorous, severe Sentence: Enormity of the tragedy did not come all
Sentence: Emollient creams can be used to cleanse at once.
the skin during bathing. Enterprising: resourceful
Empathize: to relate to another after being through Synonyms: active, adventurous, aggressive, ambitious
the same experience yourself Antonyms: inactive, passive
Sentence: All these factors make businesses more
Synonyms: ally, associate, sympathize, understand enterprising and popular.
Sentence: Empathize with people dealing with such Enthrall: hold spellbound
problems but I refuse to enable them. Synonyms: enchant, capture, ravish, delight
Encomium: high praise Antonyms: bore, dull, weary
Synonyms: commendation, panegyric, salutation, tribute Sentence: I was utterly enthralled by a paperback I
Antonyms: censure, criticism, reprimand read recently.
Sentence: Only the people who like flattery are pleased Entice: lure
with encomium. Synonyms: attract, beguile, entrap, inveigle
Endemic: prevalent in or restricted to a particular Antonyms: repel, dissuade, disgust
locality Sentence: Enticed by prospect of being rich soon
Synonyms: indigenous, native, primary, primeval Mohan was ready to do any crime.
Sentence: Diseases that had been epidemic became Entreat: plead
endemic in urban centers.
Synonyms: beg, beseech, conjure, exhort
Enervate: to deprive of strength, force, vigour
Antonyms: command, demand
Sentence: Entreat the attention of the house to it.
Synonyms: debilitate, fatigue, incapacitate, weary
Enunciate: speak distinctly, articulate
Antonyms: activate, empower, invigorate, energize,
strengthen
Sentence: The heat of June's afternon enervates any Synonyms: affirm, articulate, intone, modulate
one to continue work. Antonyms: mispronounce, muffle, mumble
Engaging: to be pleasant and interesting Sentence: The priest enunciated all the mantras on
Synonyms: alluring, appealing, bewitching, captivating the eve of marriage.
Antonyms: boring, uninteresting Ephemeral: short lived
Sentence: I found the short stories more engaging Synonyms: episodic, evanescent, fleeting, transient

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Vocabulary
Antonyms: enduring, everlasting, permanent, perpetual Antonyms: common, familiar, known, obvious, public
Sentence: It is said that life is ephemeral. Sentence: Esoteric Buddhism examines various extant
Epicure: one who enjoys and has a discriminating Japanese two world mandalas.
aste for fine food and drink Espouse: adopt, support
Synonyms: connoisseur, gastronome, gourmand, Synonyms: accept, advocate, champion, embrace
hedonist Antonyms: forsake, reject
Sentence: His daily living being very plain, he had a Sentence: The teaching of Lord Krishna is espoused
peculiar taste for sudden and isolated luxuries; he was by all the Hindus.
an abstemious epicure. Ethereal: light; heavenly
Epitome: the best representative of something
Synonyms: aerial, celestial, exquisite, gossamer
Antonyms: earthly, worldly
Synonyms: apotheosis, archetype, embodiment,
Sentence: Ethereal creature awakens, from softened
exemplar
clay.
Antonyms: increment, expansion, lengthen,
Eulogy: to praise highly
enlargement
Sentence: We regret that we can only give a brief SSC CGL 2012)
epitome of this interesting document. Synonyms: acclaim, celebrate, exalt, panegyric
Epoch: a particular period of history Antonyms: calumny, condemnation, criticism
Synonyms: era, interim, lifetime, span Sentence: A brief eulogy had been produced before
the PM arrived.
Sentence: His paper, published in 1847, marked an
epoch in the history of natural science. Evocative: to produce pleasant memories and
emotions
Equanimity: calm and balanced
Synonyms: implicative, mnemonic, nostalgic, redolent
Synonyms: aplomb, assurance, composure, detachment
Antonyms: forgetful,oblivious
Antonyms: agitation, alarm, anxiety, upset, worry
Sentence: I felt that the title needed to become more
Sentence: Every sensation is contemplated in perfect
evocative.
equanimity.
Exacerbate: to aggravate (pain, annoyance)
Equivocal: uncertain, doubtful
Synonyms: ambiguous, ambivalent, dubious, evasive
Synonyms: annoy, enrage, exasperate, intensify
Antonyms: obvious, lucid clear, plain
Antonyms: aid, comfort, help, soothe
Sentence: However, this evidence should not be
Sentence: The speech of Kejariwal exacerbated the
considered equivocal.
planning of Anna.
Erudite: learned
Excoriate: to criticize severely in public
Synonyms: cultured, educated, scholastic
Antonyms: common, ignorant, uncultured, uneducated
Synonyms: berate, castigate, censure, chastise
Sentence: Every body knows that Dr. Rajendra Prasad
was an erudite. Antonyms: compliment, laud, praise
Sentence: The act of being indifferent to control price
Eschew: avoid
rising is excoriated by all.
Synonyms: abandon, abjure, abstain, evade
Exhume: dig out of the ground
Antonyms: embrace, like, love
Sentence: He focuses on the kernel, and on code and
quality, and almost completely eschews politics. Synonyms: disentomb, unearth
Esoteric: understand only by a chosen few Antonyms: bury
Sentence: I heard today that they’ve even exhumed
Synonyms: abstruse, cabalistic, inscrutable, obscure
the body of pope john!

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Exigency: a situation calling for immediate attention Synonyms: improvised, impromptu, spontaneous,
unprepared
Synonyms: acuteness, constraint, contingency, crisis Antonyms: deliberately, planned, prepared, rehearsed
Antonyms: easiness Sentence: The speaker’s extempore speech received
Sentence: The exigency of patients health prevented a standing ovation.
the doctor from leaving the ward. Extol: laud
Exiguous: scanty Synonyms: acclaim, applaud, eulogize, exalt
Synonyms: diminutive, inadequate, meager, negligible Antonyms: Reprimand, rebuke, condemn, dishonor,
Antonyms: plenty, a lot disgrace, degrade, denounce
Sentence: In audumn there are exiguous leaves in Sentence: The Ramayana extols the virtues of Lord
the tree. Rama.
Exonerate: Clear from blame Extradition: surrender of a prisoner by one state to
another
(SSC CGL 2011)
Synonyms: displacement, exile, expatriation, expulsion
Synonyms: Absolve, acquit, exculpate, free, liberate,
release, pardon Sentence: The extradition of accused was strongly
opposed by his defence lawyer.
Antonyms: Accuse, blame, charge, incriminate
Sentence: You will need proof that you are not guilty Extricate: to free, disentangle
of the crime before police will exonerate you from Synonyms: clear, deliver, detach, extract
blame. Antonyms: implicate, incriminate, embroil, inculpate
Exorbitant: going beyond that is reasonable Sentence: He could not extricate himself from the
trap.
Synonyms: exacting, excessive, expensive, immoderate Exult: to celebrate a victory
Antonyms: cheap, inexpensive, moderate, reasonable Synonyms: delighted, cheer, jubilate, rejoice
Sentence: Exorbitant price you can pay for worry in Antonyms: deplore, lament, bemoan, greive
terms of your health. Sentence: The players exulted at their success in the
Expedient: inclined towards methods or means that competition.
are advantageous rather than fair or just F
Synonyms: advantageous, advisable, appropriate, Fabricate: to invent a story and cheat someone
beneficial
Antonyms: unprofitable Synonyms: brainstorm, compose, concoct, devise
Sentence: The re-use of existing sites would be Antonyms: break, demolish, destroy, ruin
politically expedient. Sentence: Fabricate composite nanostructures from
Expiate: to make amends for something you have these materials.
done Facade: to give a misleading outward
Synonyms: absolve, atone, rectify, redeem Synonyms: exterior, frontage, pretense, veneer
Sentence: I would like to expiate for my mistakes. Antonyms: interior, reality
Extant: still existing Sentence: The trend toward glazed facades illustrated
Synonyms: current, existence, immediate, subsisting the importance of good design.
Antonyms: dead, extinct, gone Facetious: to make light remarks on a grave
Sentence: The earliest extant record of prehistoric situation, tongue in cheek
man is still preserved in the museum. Synonyms: blithe, Humorous, comic, banter, frivolous,
Extempore: off hand, with little preparation irreverent
Antonyms: formal, grave, serious

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Vocabulary
Sentence: I’m sure you realized i was only being very Fecund: Productive
facetious. Synonyms: Prolific, generative, fertile
Facile: not hard to do, effortless Antonyms: impotent, sterile, unfruitful, unproductive
Synonyms: accomplished, adept, adroit, dexterous Sentence: Black soil is fecund for the growth of cotton.
Antonyms: arduous, difficult, complicated, confusing, Felicity: Happiness, bliss
profound
Synonyms: joy, rupture, euphoria, cheer
Sentence: It has been used here in a very facile
Antonyms: grief, misery, sorrow
manner, very arrogantly.
Sentence: The felicity of the occasion was contagious.
Factious: inclined to form factions
Felony: A major crime such as murder etc.
Synonyms: alienated, hostile, insubordinate, mutinous
Antonyms: cooperative, peaceful, united
Synonyms: misdemeanor, wrongdoing, offence
Sentence: The legislative body of the congress was
perpetually unable to accomplish much due to the Sentence: Felony deserves capital punishment.
factious political nature of its members. Feral: wild and undomesticated
Factitious: not genuine, produced by human rather Synonyms: savage, barbarous
than natural forces Antonyms: domestic, gentle
Synonyms: artificial, counterfeit, fraudulent, spurious, Sentence: Whenever you give the cubs food they
specious become very feral.
Antonyms: actual, genuine, real Ferret: To search and drive out
Sentence: The girl, who was of guilty of copying, had Synonyms: rummage, forage, ransack, explore
a factitious smile on her face when asked about it. Sentence: They are ferreted out of that cache.
Fallacious: misleading, equivocating Fervent: ardent, hot
Synonyms: erroneous, inaccurate, deceptive, specious (SSC CGL 2010)
Antonyms: correct, accurate, precise, unerring, Synonyms: impassioned, vehement, profound, fanatical
flawless
Antonyms: cool, discouraged, impassive, uncaring
Sentence: Fallacious belief that one can separate
Sentence: She wished fervently that he would be
moral issues from economic ones.
beside her at this very moment.
Fallow: uncultivated
Fervid:
Synonyms: unploughed, untilled, virgin
Synonyms: fervent, vehement, avid
Antonyms: cultivated, developed
Antonyms: half-hearted
Sentence: They are used on land, which would be
Sentence: His fervid enthusiasm for work resulted in
otherwise being left fallow.
his rapid growth in the organization.
Fatuous: very silly
Fetid: Stinking
Synonyms: stupid, inane, imbecilic, asinine, infantile
Synonyms: malodorous, reeking, pungent, noxious
Antonyms: aware, bright, intelligent, keen, smart
Antonyms: aromatic, clean, f ragrant
Sentence: Then he turned his own rather fatuous face
Sentence: Any wound if not taken care of may become
to the company.
fetid.
Fawning: courting favour by cringing and flattering
Fetter: To confine, to put in chains
Synonyms: shackle, manacle, handcuff, tether
Synonyms: obsequious, servile, sycophantic,
ingratiating, unctuous Antonyms: free, loose, release
Antonyms: ignore, criticize Sentence: I am not fettered by adoration of your travel
plans.
Sentence: The king always had a lot of people in his
court who could be just passed off aas fawning admires. Fiat: A command

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Synonyms: Decree, edict, injunction, dictum Antonyms: calm, comfort, peace
Antonyms: question, request Sentence: Before getting too flustered ask yourself
Sentence: Fiat reserve currency can accrue great some questions and see if you can figure out why this
economic benefits. is happening.
Fidelity: Loyalty Foment: Instigate
(SSC Auditor 2005) Synonyms: Provoke, spur, stimulate, agitate, arouse
Synonyms: faithfulness, devotion Antonyms: Discourage, dissuade
Antonyms: enmity, disloyality Sentence: In order to escape prison the prisoners had
Sentence: A single Webster will deliver stereo fidelity to foment a riot to distract the guards.
by just using one speaker. Forbearance: Patience
Fiend: Evil, inhuman (SSC S.O. 2001)
Synonyms: demon, incubus Synonyms: tolerance, endurance, fortitude
Antonyms: angel, friend Antonyms: continuation, indulgence, intolerance
Sentence: He is so fiend that he can not be a good Sentence: He shows admirable forbearance in most
friend. of the critical situations.
Filch: To steal Forlorn: Sad and lonely
Synonyms: pilfer, purloin, embezzle Synonyms: despondent, morose, doleful, despairing
Antonyms: give, contribute Antonyms: cheerful, happy, joy
Sentence: Modern writers generally filch the materials Sentence: Now the trees stand forlorn in the gathering
of eminents writers. gloom.
Finesse: Skill, expertise Formidable: Threatening
Synonyms: Flair, knack, panache, adroitness Synonyms: intimidating, menacing, petrifying,
Antonyms: unskilled, artlessness, simplicity redoubtable
Sentence: He has no technical finesse so he can't Antonyms: feeble, friendly, harmless
operate a computer. Sentence: Nothing seems more formidable to me than
Flaccid: Flabby trying to climb over a bible verse.
Synonyms: sagging, drooping, infirm, slack Fortitude: Brave and calm
Antonyms: firm, tight Synonyms: courage, resilience, mettle, intrepidity
Sentence: His lack of facts made for a rather flaccid Antonyms: weakness, helplessness, cowardice
argument. Sentence: Fortitude of character is not always found
Flagrant: Outrageous, scandalous in the most likely places.
Synonyms: blatant, conspicuous Fortuitous: happening by chance
Antonyms: modest, discreet, unnoticeable, unobtrusive Synonyms: unforeseen, unanticipated, accidental
Sentence: His deeds are to flagrant to be praised. Antonyms: calculated, deliberate, intentional, planned
Flatulent: Pompous, exaggerated Sentence: Whether this coincidence of location is
purely fortuitous remains unclear.
Synonyms: grandiose, bombastic
Fracas: a noisy fight
Antonyms: brief
Synonyms: quarrel, brawl, tussle, melee
Sentence: I avoid eating chili when I’m out because it
makes me flatulent. Antonyms: calm, harmony, peace
Fluster: To confuse, unsettle, unnerve Sentence: First time i saw billy was during the last
little fracas.
Fractious: Irritable, stubborn
Synonyms: agitate, ruffle, perturb, nonplus
Synonyms: irritable, testy, waspish, splenetic

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Antonyms: agreeable, happy, nice, complaisant Synonyms: confuse, distort, jumble
Sentence: Differences feel that things are getting a Antonyms: clear, plain, straight
bit fractious. Sentence: When he is nervous, his speech becomes
Fulminate: To criticize very angrily garbled.
Gargantuan: huge
Synonyms: protest, rail, inveigh, thunder Synonyms: big, colossal, enormous, giant, gigantic,
Antonyms: compliment, defend, flatter, praise, support mammoth, massive
Sentence: People are compelled to fulminate the Antonyms: small, little, puny, dwarf
government for not checking price rising. Sentence: Three decades on, he does pretty much the
Fulsome: Exaggerated or excessive same thing, but on a gargantuan scale.
Garnish: decorate; add a garnish to
Synonyms: profuse, liberal, overdone
Antonyms: reasonable, sincere
Sentence: He is in the habit of paying fulsome (SSC Auditor 2005)
compliments. Synonyms: adornment, ornament
Furbish: To renovate Antonyms: deface, deform, disfigure, mar, spoil
Synonyms: furnish, equip Sentence: The garnish on the plate was really quite
artistic in its arrangement.
Antonyms: spoil
Sentence: The old temple is being furbished for the Garrulous: talkative
upcoming festivals. (SSC CGL 2012)
Furtive: Secretive and sly Synonyms: loquacious, wordy, prattle, gossipy, chatty.
Synonyms: stealthy, secret, clandestine, covert, sneaky, Antonyms: concise, reserved, silent, taciturn,
surreptitious untalkative
Antonyms: open, frank, candid, direct Sentence: Philosophers are a garrulous and
argumentative species.
Sentence: At social gatherings she’s always lurking
on the edge of the proceedings looking slightly furtive. Gauche: clumsy (in social behavior); coarse and
uncouth
G
Synonyms: awkward, crude, graceless, ill-mannered
Gaffe: social blunder
Antonyms: elegant, graceful, mannerly, polished,
Synonyms: faux pas, mistake, solecism, peccadillo refined, sophisticated
Antonyms: manners, civility Sentence: It was considered quite gauche to talk during
Sentence: Perry vows to stay in campaign after debate the symphony concert.
gaffe. Gavel: hammer like tool
Gainsay: to declare untrue or invalid
Synonyms: opposed, contradict, refute, combat, negate, Synonyms: hammer, mallet
deny
Sentence: The judge rapped the gavel to gain order
Antonyms: agree, concur in the court.
Sentence: During the debate, one speaker tried to
Genesis: beginning; origin
gainsay the opponent about each statement made about
the topic. Synonyms: birth, commencement, generation,
inception, opening, origin
Gamut: Entire range
Antonyms: cessation, closure, stop, termination,
Synonyms: area, diapason, scale, spectrum conclusion, end
Sentence: Dinkar depicts the gamut of human Sentence: The genesis of most poet’s poems lies in
emotions in his poem. their own emotions.
Garbled: mixed up

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Geniality: cheerfulness; kindliness; sympathy Synonyms: babble, chatter, jabber
Antonyms: sensible, straight talk
(SSC CGL 2011) Sentence: He toggles between gibberish and smut,
self-loathing and smack talk, but never quite manages
Synonyms: affability, agreeability, amiability, cordiality
to sound sincere.
Antonyms: aloofness, coldness, unfriendliness,
unhappiness Gingerly: very carefully
Sentence: She recalled the geniality of someone who Synonyms: cautious, chary, circumspect, considerate
loved his family and earned the respect of people in the Antonyms: careless, inattentive
community. Sentence: He tried to reach Vaishno Devi temple
Genteel: well-bred gingerly.
Synonyms: elegant, chivalrous, civil, courteous, Glare: shine intensely and blindingly
cultivated
Antonyms: rough, rude, uncultured, unrefined, Synonyms: blaze, dazzle, flare, glow
unsophisticated Antonyms: dullness, blackness, darkness, dusk
Sentence: Those are fighting words, in the ordinarily Sentence: It was difficult to see the road because of
genteel world of defense contracting. the glare of the sun on the windshield.
Gentry: people of standing (rank or position) Glean: gather leavings
Synonyms: accumulate, amass, garner, gather
Synonyms: aristocracy, high society Antonyms: disassemble, disperse, scatter, separate
Antonyms: commoners, crowd, masses Sentence: The bat can catch prey in flight, or may
Sentence: In that section of the country, most of the glean forage from vegetation and on the ground.
gentry own horses for a hobby.
Glimmer: shine erratically; twinkle
Geriatrics: medical treatment and care of old age

Synonyms: glow, inkling, scintillation, shimmer

Synonyms: agedness, debility, decrepitude, dotage,
feebleness Antonyms: dullness
Antonyms: adolescence, childhood, infancy, youth Sentence: The sparkle of a lover’s secret or the
glimmer of a promise kept.
Sentence: Geriatrics is an increasingly important field
of study in medicine and science. Glossy: smooth and shining
Gesticulation: a deliberate and vigorous gesture or (SSC CGL 2011)
motion Synonyms: glassy, lustrous, polished
Synonyms: expression, gesture, mime Antonyms: unattractive, dull, unglazed, lackluster
Antonyms: immobility, repose, rest, stagnation, Sentence: The table was polished until it was clean
stiffness, stillness and glossy.
Sentence: The opening storm scene is over-the-top Glower: look or stare angrily
gesticulation under beautiful directorial control.
Ghastly: horrible; terrifying; resembling ghosts Synonyms: glare, scowl, stare
Antonyms: grin, smile, cheer
Synonyms: abhorrent, appalling, ashen, awful, Sentence: The child would often glower when the
cadaverous, frightening homework was too difficult.
Antonyms: attractive, pleasant, wonderful Glutinous: sticky
Sentence: There was wild and ghastly scenery all Synonyms: viscous, gluey, adhesive, gelatinous,
around her, and a home and comfort nowhere. tenacious, thick
Gibberish: nonsense; babbling Antonyms: nonadhesive, free, loose, separable,

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
nonviscous. gratis.
Sentence: Bread dough can become a glutinous mass Grievance: cause of complaint
if you are not careful while kneading it.
Gnarled: twisted Synonyms: affliction, distress, grief
Synonyms: bent, contorted, crooked, deformed, Antonyms: compliment, flattery, praise
distorted Sentence: To have a grievance is to have a purpose
Antonyms: straight, unbent, untwisted in life
Sentence: The other painting showed a gnarled tree Grimace: facial distortion to show feeling such as
standing on the precipice in a rugged canyon. pain
Gnome: underground spirit who guards treasure Synonyms: frown, smile, smirk
hoards Antonyms: grin, laugh, smile.
Synonyms: dwarf Sentence: Realizing the mistake, he made a mock
Antonyms: giant grimace, and an aide pointed the way.
Sentence: Most of these small gardens are beautifully Grisly: ghastly; horrifying
kept and the garden gnome has pride of place.
Synonyms: appalling, dreadful, frightful
Gourmet: connoisseur of food and drink Antonyms: nice, pleasing, pretty
Sentence: So far there have been four such
Synonyms: epicure, connoisseur grisly killings and nine people have been arrested.
Antonyms: glutton, gorger, overeater, stuffer Grotesque: fantastic; comically hideous
Sentence: He considered himself a gourmet chef
because he could make some very fancy pastry
desserts. (SSC CGL 2010)
Grandiloquent: using high sounding language Synonyms: abnormal, absurd, bizarre, eerie
Antonyms: beautiful, nice, pretty, shapely
Synonyms: pompous, bombastic, inflated Sentence: While these tumors can appear grotesque,
not all are malignant.
Sentence: He talks in a grandiloquent and boastful
manner. Grouse: complain
Grapple: wrestle; come to grips with
Synonyms: fuss, grumble, grouch
Synonyms: attack, battle, combat, encounter Antonyms: applaud, approve, praise
Antonyms: release, concord, harmony, peace. Sentence: Hunters speak of harvesting deer or ducks
or grouse or rabbits.
Sentence: They never grapple with ideas, or try new
ways of doing things Gruff: rough-mannered; (of a voice) rough
Gratify: please; satisfy
(SSC Auditor 2011)
Synonyms: appease Synonyms: blunt, boorish, churlish, crude,
Antonyms: dissatisfy, annoy Antonyms: even-tempered, happy, nice, polite
Sentence: Students were never satisfied with the Sentence: Parents must not use a gruff language with
teacher because he never gratified them. their kids.

Gratis: free; without charge Guffaw: boisterous laughter

Synonyms: complimentary, free of charge, gratuitous Synonyms: laughter
Antonyms: costly, expensive, high-priced Antonyms: cry, groan, moan, sob
Sentence: The orphans were allowed in the theatre Sentence: The night is filled with laughter and the

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
occasional groan and guffaw. soon become hallowed.
Guile: deceit; duplicity Hallucination: delusion; false idea
Synonyms: artfulness, artifice, chicanery, craftiness,
cunning, deception Synonyms: aberration, illusion, mirage
Antonyms: honesty, naivety, openness, sincerity Antonyms: experience, fact, reality, truth
Sentence: The speaker seemed to be full of guile so I Sentence: Someone who travels in the desert might
did not believe a word of the speech have a hallucination of a swimming pool.
Gullible: easily deceived Hamper: prevent the free movement of

Synonyms: naive, innocent Synonyms: obstruct, hinder

Antonyms: astute, discerning, knowledgeable, wise Antonyms: free, liberate, release, untie, loosen
Sentence: He’s a guy who made hundreds of millions Sentence: It would hamper the runners if the
using fake science and cheap emotion to dupe gullible refreshment station was too close to the road.
juries.
Haphazard: random; happening in an unplanned
Gusto: eager enjoyment manner
Synonyms: zest, enthusiasm, ardor, delight, enjoyment Synonyms: accidental, by chance, aimless
Antonyms: apathy, reluctance, unenthusiasm Antonyms: intentional, organized, planned
Sentence: He was in the middle of telling a tale with Sentence: First he made haphazard tangles of fibers
great gusto. activated by charged liquids.
H Hapless: unfortunate; luckless
Haggard: wasted away; gaunt
Synonyms: cursed, loser, unlucky, miserable
Synonyms: emaciated, faded, fatigued, gaunt, lank, lean Antonyms: fortunate, lucky
Antonyms: fresh, healthy, strong Sentence: Kicking the ball into your own goal was a
Sentence: After returning from office, he is found hapless mistake.
fully haggard. Harangue: long, passionate, and vehement speech
Haggle: argue about prices (in an attempt to
bargain) Synonyms: diatribe, speech
Synonyms: argue, bargain, barter, deal Antonyms: silence, speechless, stillness, taciturn
Antonyms: agree, comply, concur Sentence: He’s a wonderful talker, who has the art of
Sentence: Your correspondent’s grandfather taught him telling you nothing in a great harangue.
always to haggle. Harbinger: forerunner (which foreshadows what is
Halcyon: calm; peaceful to come)
Synonyms: gentle, happy, harmonious, quiet, soothing Synonyms: augury, forerunner, omen, portent,
Antonyms: excited, fierce, frenzied, rough, stormy, precursor
violent, wild Antonyms: follower
Sentence: My heart is like a rainbow shell that paddles Sentence: Oil prices are seen as an indication of
in a halcyon sea. current inflation, and gold prices a harbinger of future
inflation.
Hallowed: blessed; consecrated
Harping: tiresome dwelling on a subject
Synonyms: anointed, beatified, blessed, holy, inviolable,
sacred, sacrosanct
Antonyms: desecrated, irreligious, profane Synonyms: dwell, reiterate, repeat
Sentence: Controversial proposals, once accepted,

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Sentence: People become house builders through Sentence: Such a brutal and heinous crime deserves
building houses, harp players through playing the harp. the maximum prison sentence.
Harrowing: agonizing; traumatic Hermetic: sealed by fusion so as to be airtight
Synonyms: distressing, alarming, disturbing, painful
Antonyms: calming, pleasant, unfrightening Synonyms: airtight, impervious, sealed, shut, tight
Sentence: Being stranded outdoors when lightning is Sentence: Hermetic storage bags are commercially
striking nearby is a harrowing experience. available that when sealed are impervious to gas
Harry: torment (by repeated attacks) exchange.
Heterodox: (of beliefs) against accepted opinion
Synonyms: harass, annoy, attack
Antonyms: aid, assist, help, support Synonyms: unorthodox, unconventional, iconoclastic,
skeptical
Sentence: We use mounted raids to harry the enemy.
Antonyms: customary, normal, standard, usual
Hazardous: dangerous
Sentence: People belonging to that church were able
to bring up heterodox opinions to be discussed among
Synonyms: precarious, risky, uncertain, the other members.
Antonyms: certain, guarded, protected, safe, secure Heterogeneous: consisting of dissimilar elements
Sentence: These verses may be hazardous to your or plants
solemnity. Synonyms: dissimilar, mixed, discordant, disparate
Hazy: slightly obscure Antonyms: homogeneous, identical, pure, uniform
Synonyms: misty, clear, bleary, blurred, clouded, dim, Sentence: The supporters of that candidate were very
dull, dusky, faint heterogeneous.
Antonyms: clear, sunny, uncloudy, unhazy Heyday: time of greatest success or power
Sentence: Evolutionary biology is a hazy, sketchy
science indeed.
Synonyms: acme, culmination, high point, peak,
Heckler: person who verbally harasses others
pinnacle, prime
Antonyms: low point
Synonyms: agitator, dissident, militant, radical, rebel, Sentence: The heyday of his business brought great
revolutionist pleasure to him and his family.
Antonyms: cheer, encourage, help, promote, support
Hiatus: gap or interruption in space or time; break
Sentence: It is rude to heckle a speaker during a
debate.
Synonyms: gap, pause, interim, interval
Heedless: not noticing; disregarding
Antonyms: continuity
Synonyms: disregardful, inattentive, incautious, Sentence: They took a brief hiatus during the
inconsiderate conference to discuss an important side issue.
Antonyms: attentive, careful, caring, cautious,
Hibernate: sleep throughout the winter
thoughtful
Sentence: We loved the heedless risk, the show’s
musk of comic danger. Synonyms: hide, lay torpid, sleep, vegetate
Antonyms: grow, strengthen
Heinous: hatefully bad
Sentence: Many kinds of creatures hibernate for the
Synonyms: atrocious, wicked, abhorrent, abominable,
winter, grizzly bears being the most well-known.
execrable
Antonyms: glorious, good, lovely, magnificent, Hirsute: hairy; having a lot of hair
wonderful Synonyms: disordered, feathery, hairy, leafy
Antonyms: bald, neat

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Sentence: Bears become even more hirsute during Sentence: Due to engaged runway, the plane had to
the fall and winter than they are during the summer hover over the airport.
Histrionic: theatrical Hubbub: confused uproar; loud noise; din
Synonyms: melodramatic, overacting, overplayed,
theatrical, thespian Synonyms: bedlam, clamor, confusion, din, disturbance,
Sentence: That play was a bit too histrionic for my noise, pandemonium
tastes. Antonyms: calm, order, peace
Hoard: stockpile; accumulate for future use Sentence: There is always a lot of hubbub in the
cafeteria when all of the students are there.
Synonyms: accumulation, agglomeration, aggregation, Hubris: arrogance; excessive self-conceit
amassment, collection, conglomeration
Antonyms: expend, spend, squander, throw away,
Synonyms: contemptuousness, disdain, insolence
waste
Antonyms: humility, modesty, shyness, timidity
Sentence: I will hoard my power like a miser, resisting
every effort to drain it away from me. Sentence: They reflect the hubris of one who knows
everything
Hoax: trick which makes someone take action
Hummock: small hill
Synonyms: cheat, deception, fabrication, fake Synonyms: hillock, knoll
Antonyms: honest Antonyms: depression
Sentence: They found out that the surprise test was Sentence: The gardeners piled the soil into a small
only a hoax played by the teacher. hummock at the side of the garden.

Homage: great respect Hurtle: crash; rush; move with great speed
Synonyms: honor, tribute
Antonyms: dishonor, disloyalty, disrespect Synonyms: rush, speed
Sentence: The greatest homage we can pay to truth Antonyms: dally, dawdle, loiter, tarry, saunter
is to use it. Sentence: The spacecraft will hurtle through space
Homogeneous: of the same kind; uniform in at a remarkable speed.
composition throughout Husbandry: frugality, agriculture
Synonyms: alike, comparable, compatible, consistent, Synonyms: thrift; economy; farming
uniform Antonyms: extravagance, improvidence, lavishness,
Antonyms: different, dissimilar, heterogenous prodigality, squandering
Sentence: That group of marbles was very Sentence: It helps us make smarter husbandry for
homogeneous in that it had all blue marbles of the the poultry industry.
same size. Hybrid: mixed breed
Hoodwink: deceive Synonyms: amalgam, combination, mongrel
Synonyms: bluff, cheat, dupe, delude Antonyms: homogeneous, pure, unmixed
Antonyms: expose, reveal, uncover, unmask, disclose, Sentence: A mule is a hybrid of a horse and a donkey.
divulge
I
Sentence: Some students try to hoodwink their parents
into thinking that there is no homework. Idiosyncrasy: Oddity
Hover: hang about; (of birds or aircraft) stay in the Synonyms: distinction, eccentricity, bizarre,
air in one place strangeness, weirdness
Antonyms: accord, concurrence, uniformity
Synonyms: hang about, linger, wait nearby
Sentence: One of her idiosyncrasies was twirling
Antonyms: lie, rest, settle

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
her hair while she reads. Impair: To weaken
Ignominious: disgraceful Synonyms: diminish, deteriorate, decompose, worsen
(SSC CGL 2012) Antonyms: restore, revive, resurrect, repair
Synonyms: shameful, dishonourable, scandulous Sentence: A dwelling only occupied by a severely
Antonyms: dignified, distinguished, creditable, stately mentally impaired person or persons.
Sentence: I should have come to very ignominious Impart: To grant
grief without it. Synonyms: divulge, bestow, inform, convey
Imaginary: Fanciful, unreal Antonyms: withhold, conceal, suppress, deny
Synonyms: illusory, visionary, insubstantial, subjective Sentence: Plasma events resulting in redistribution of
Antonyms: factual, tangible, genuine, evident magnetic energy also impart energy to the ions.
Sentence: Any colors seen in films or in books are Impartial: Fair
purely imaginary. Synonyms: just, unbiased, equitable, evenhanded
Imbecile: Feebleness of mind Antonyms: prejudiced, biased, unjust, inequitable
Synonyms: weak, senile, feeble, unsound Sentence: We do not sell anything so can keep totally
Antonyms: sane, sagacious, astute, wise impartial.
Sentence: Imbecile staff picks on the weak and ignore Impediment: Hindrance
everyone else. Synonyms: hurdle, obstruction, retardation
Immaculate: Flawless Antonyms: assistance, concurrence, deliverance, aid
Synonyms: unsullied, spotless, untarnished, untainted Sentence: He has a serious speech impediment,
Antonyms: defiled, tarnished, obscene, profane which has, on the evidence, blighted his life.
Sentence: Protecting your car from the weather as Impertinent: Disrespectful; rude
much as possible will ensure it remains immaculate. (SSC CGL 2012, Auditor 2003)
Immense: Large Synonyms: brazen, impudent, insolent
Synonyms: huge, enormous, gigantic, colossal Antonyms: nice, polite, respectful, mannered, kind
Antonyms: puny, insignificant, paltry, trifling Sentence: The student was sent to detention for his
Sentence: This site is absolutely immense and impertinent behavior towards his teachers.
beautifully laid out. Impetuous: Rash
Immerse: To dip under water Synonyms: violent, impulsive, imprudence, indiscretion
Synonyms: submerge, involve, descend, drown Antonyms: considerate, composed, discretion,
Antonyms: emerge, uncover, restore, recover prudence
Sentence: Leaves can be completely immersed in Sentence: Impetuous man, quick in his decisions.
water. Impious: Profane
Imminent: Impending Synonyms: irreligious, unholy, irreverent, hypocritical
Synonyms: brewing, overhanging, approaching Antonyms: pious, devout, spiritual, venerate
Antonyms: distant, receding, retreating, withdrawing Sentence: The congregation was offended by her
Sentence: By the end of the month, military action impious remarks.
appeared imminent. Impudence: Shameless, immodesty
Immunity: Exemption (SSC CGL 2012)
Synonyms: prerogative, privilege, exemption, non- Synonyms: sauciness, impertinence, insolence,
liability arrogance
Antonyms: blame, censure, prescription, interdiction Antonyms: submissiveness, modesty, humility,
Sentence: Immunity from punishment was secured meekness
through the absence of local law. Sentence: Is not that the very man frank had the

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
impudence to bring here last tuesday week? Sentence: The patient is serious. It is absolutely
Incentive: Stimulus indispensable to call a doctor.
Synonyms: motivation, allurement, inducement, spur Indolent: Habitually idle
Antonyms: dissuasion, reluctance, deterrent, Synonyms: lazy, listless, languid, sluggish
discouragement Antonyms: energetic, vivacious, prompt, agile
Sentence: The freedoms they offer provide a new Sentence: His brother is intelligent but too indolent to
incentive for all to improve. labour hard.
Incite: To stir Indulge: To favour
Synonyms: instigate, provoke, motivate, arouse Synonyms: gratify, pamper, comfort, satisfy
Antonyms: deter, discourage, restrain, dissuade Antonyms: annoy, trouble, torment, displease
Sentence: His total disregard of the crowd’s reaction Sentence: He has never been indulged in crime.
seemed to only incite more anger from people. Industrious: Hard working
Inclination: Liking (SSC CGL 2010)
Synonyms: affection, proneness, propensity Synonyms: active, assiduous, diligent, energetic,
Antonyms: neutrality, indifference, apathy, laborious
unresponsive Antonyms: idle, inactive, indolent, lazy, lethargic, slack
Sentence: I had absolutely not the slightest inclination Sentence: Due to her industrious mind and action,
of what was going on. she has made a rapid progress in her business.
Incompetent: Lack of ability Inevitable: Unavoidable
Synonyms: inefficient, unskilled, immature, unqualified Synonyms: ascertained, imminent, substantial
Antonyms: dexterous, skilled, ingenious, competent Antonyms: unlikely, doubtful, indefinite, uncertain
Sentence: Now once they know that this is the case Sentence: It is virtually inevitable that all information
they become consciously incompetent. not strictly kept under wraps.
Incongruous: Unsuitable, nonharmonious Infringe: To violate
Synonyms: inappropriate, absurd, ridiculous, awkward Synonyms: violate, encroach, transgress, tresspass
Antonyms: compatible, harmonious, homogeneous, Antonyms: comply, concur, conform, observe
consistent Sentence: Those who infringe the law must be
Sentence: The choices he has made do seem punished.
somewhat incongruous, however. Ingenious: Clever, skillful
Indigence: Extreme poverty Synonyms: deft, proficient, dexterous, adroit
Synonyms: privation, destitution, insolvency, penury Antonyms: unskilled, incompetent, immature,
Antonyms: affluence, abundance, opulence, luxury unqualified
Sentence: Indigent circumstances to follow the cart Sentence: He is appreciat every where because he is
to the gallows. quite ingenious.
Indignation: Righteous wrath Ingenuous: Straight forward
Synonyms: resentment, ire, wrath, rage Synonyms: undisguised, naïve, candid, guileless
Antonyms: modesty, tranquility, forbearance, Antonyms: wily, crafty, perfidious, treacherous
equanimity Sentence: Personal statements personal statements
Sentence: People feel indignation at the price rising tend to come over as a rather ingenuous hard sell.
continusly. Innocuous: Not hurtful
Indispensable: Absolutely necessary Synonyms: salutary, wholesome, innocent, harmless
Synonyms: essential, expedient, requisite, unavoidable Antonyms: deleterious, baneful, insanitary, injurious
Antonyms: superfluous, redundant, needless, tranquility

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Sentence: The government should always take Antonyms: extraneous, incidental, extrinsic, derived
innocuous decision for public. Sentence: Such activities are considered intrinsic to
Inquisitive: Curious the production of fossil fuels.
(SSC Auditor 2005) Intrigue: An illicit or secret love affair
Synonyms: inquiring, curious, searching, studious Synonyms: scheme, conspiracy, manipulation,
Antonyms: distracted, negligent, indifferent, impassive counterplot
Sentence: An inquisitive learner learns much. Antonyms: candor, sincerity, bluntness, honesty
Insidious: Machiavellian Sentence: The princess & the piper a splendid story
of love and royal intrigue at the palace of king
Synonyms: Artful, astute, crafting, cunning, deceptive,
kafoozalum.
disingenuous, treacherous
Antonyms: honest, fair, open, sincere, frank Intricate: Involved
Sentence: The stalker was insidious in his attempts Synonyms: tangled, complicated, formidable, arduous
to reach his victim and outwit the police. Antonyms: regulated, orderly, manageable, ductile
Insinuate: To introduce gently and adroitly Sentence: The natural progression was for them to
become intricate.
Synonyms: communicate, allude, hint, suggest Intrepid: Without fear
Antonyms: conceal, camouflage, suppress, mask (SSC CGL 2011)
Sentence: The reporter insinuated the police and the Synonyms: brave, courageous, valorous, chivalrous
criminal was arrested. Antonyms: scared, frightened, timid, cowardly
Insipid: Tasteless Sentence: Columbus was an intrepid explorer,
showing his endurance, resolute fearlessness and
Synonyms: vapid, savourless, unflavoured
fortitude.
Antonyms: delicious, luscious, pungent, piquant
Invective: Coarse language
Sentence: Generally insipid food is served in that
hotel. Synonyms: accusation, censure, malediction,
denunciation
Insolvent: Bankrupt
Antonyms: approval, acclamation, admiration,
Synonyms: indigent, destitute, bankrupt, defaulter
approbation
Antonyms: wealthy, solvent, affluent, substantial
Sentence: After a normal talk, both the friends became
Sentence: The difficulty arises because as i have invective.
described above, a large number of ship owners are
Invidious: Hateful
now insolvent.
Synonyms: abominable, detestable, envious, jealous
Intimidate: To make afraid, to cow
Antonyms: Friendly, lovable, polite
Synonyms: frighten, dictate, hopeless, irresolute
Sentence: Please do not be invidious, but I am
Antonyms: console, encourage, appease, hearten
intransigent and taciturn to substantiate this question.
Sentence: They also continued their attempts to
Invincible: Insuperable
physically intimidate the united side with their play.
(SSC CGL 2011)
Intricate: Complicated
Synonyms: unconquerable, impregnable, unbeatable
Synonyms: Abstruse, complex, entangled, labyrinthine,
Antonyms: effeminate, languid, crippled, fragile
obscure
Sentence: The victors would have felt invincible, the
Antonyms: Direct, simple, easy
victims would have shaken their fists at the fates.
Sentence: Sarah’s skills in sewing were demonstrated
in the intricate needlework displayed on the quilt. Irrepressible: That cannot be repressed
Intrinsic: Internal Synonyms: irresistible, unconfined, unhindered,
unshackled
Synonyms: genuine, fundamental, inherent, congenital

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Antonyms: composed, hesitant, submissive, grave always results in having a jocund time.
Sentence: Indian army has irrepressible strength and Jostle: Shove, bump
courage. Synonyms: shake, crash, crowd, thrust
Irreverent: Disrespectful Sentence: Solar systems do not jostle each other in
(SSC T.A. 2004) space.
Synonyms: derisive, impudent, impertinent, insolent, Jovial: Good natured
unholy Synonyms: frolicsome, cheerful, merry, jubilant
Antonyms: religious, respectful, holy Antonyms: solemn, morose, sad, melancholy
Sentence: He acted in an irreverent fashion towards Sentence: The mood seems naturally anxious but not
the guest speaker. grim, almost jovial, with people smiling.
J Judicious: Sound in judgment
Jabber: Chatter rapidly or unintelligibly Synonyms: thoughtful, prudent, discerning
Antonyms: irrational, foolish, misconception, fatuous
Sentence: Work procedures should be very judicious
Synonyms: babble, chatter, ramble, utter
about how much they do.
Antonyms: silent, taciturn, uncommunicative
Juvenile: immature
Sentence: Why does that person insist on jabbering
Synonyms: Young, tender, youthful, adolescent
away in French.
Antonyms: dotage, antiquated, senile, old
Jaded: tired
Synonyms: Surfeited, fatigued, exhausted, languish Sentence: There availability of Juvenile court in India.
Antonyms: renewal, recreation, restorative, refreshed K
Sentence: Every time I go to Venice I expect to feel Kernel: central or vital point
jaded, waiting for the magic to wear off.
Synonyms: fruit, centre, core
Jaunty: Lighthearted Antonyms: margin, edge, outside, boundry
Synonyms: animated, lively, hilarious, jocose Sentence: For two years, we have both been taking
Antonyms: depressed, lethargic, lifeless apricot kernels daily.
Sentence: A lick of fresh paint has given the old town Killjoy: spoilsport
an optimistic, almost jaunty air.
Synonyms: grouch, pessimist
Jeopardize: Put at risk Antonyms: optimistic
Synonyms: endanger, imperil, risk, threaten Sentence: When I was young I remember my mother
Antonyms: protect, save, guard referring to anyone who was a bit of a misery as an ‘
Sentence: Do not jeopardize the academic integrity old killjoy ‘.
of the course or program. Kindle: start a fire, inspire
Jettison: Through overboard Synonyms: flame, ignite, light
(SSC CGL 2010) Antonyms: extinguish, put out
Synonyms: abdicate, discard, expel Sentence: Kindle the flashlight.
Antonyms: take in, embrace, keep, retain Kindred: related, similar in nature or character
Sentence: The Sea of faith must not jettison this half
of our tradition. Synonyms: relation, species, relative, family
Jocund: merry Antonyms: unrelated, dissimilar, heterogeneous,
Synonyms: blithe, elated, jocular disparate
Antonyms: sad, solemn, morose Sentence: The people of UP and Bihar are Kindred.
Sentence: Hanging out with my high school friends Knave: Untrustworthy person

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Synonyms: rogue, scoundrel, dishonest, vagabond Antonyms: quicken, accelerate, expedite, spurt
Antonyms: paragon, innocent, benefactor, idealist Sentence: For instance, the slight response lag with
Sentence: The person who drew up the agreement is wireless mice can be a problem for gamers.
either a great knave or a great fool. Lagoon: Shallow body of water near a sea
Knead: mix, work dough Synonyms: gulf, pool, pond
Synonyms: blend, squeeze Sentence: Each island is surrounded by a reef
Sentence: Lightly knead each piece into a ball, then enclosing a shallow lagoon.
flatten it with the palm of your hand. Lament: Grieve, express sorrow
Knoll: little, round hill (SSC Auditor 2001)
Synonyms: cliff, inclination Synonyms: grieve, deplore, regret, bemoan
Antonyms: flat, low ground Antonyms: amuse, entertain, enliven, solace
Sentence: In late afternoon, we climb to a rocky knoll Sentence: How long will your bitter lament grieve
above the town to enjoy an exquisite sunset on the lake. your lord who weeps?
Knotty: Tangled Lampoon: Ridicule
Synonyms: intricate, difficult, complicated, arduous, Synonyms: burlesque, caricature
onerous Sentence: I can neither lampoon, sing in tune; much
Antonyms: simple, manageable, tractable, flexible less can I intone.
Sentence: Short-term funding and lack of full cost Languid: Drooping, listless
recovery are particularly knotty problems. Synonyms: pensive, lethargic, exhausted, fatigued,
Kudos: honour lackadaisical
Synonyms: praise, acclaim, glory Antonyms: lively, animated, refreshed, restored
Antonyms: blame, criticism Sentence: They’re too similar in mood, both very
Sentence: The test team, along with the live team, languid and dreamy.
gets a huge kudos from me for that. Larceny: Theft
L Synonyms: burglary, crime, steal, pilfering
Labile: Likely to change Antonyms: pay, return, give
Synonyms: unbalanced Sentence: It is always grand larceny, never petty.
Antonyms: balance, equilibrium Lassitude: Lethargy
Sentence: As with most enveloped viruses, the particle Synonyms: languor, tiredness, weariness
is relatively labile. Antonyms: vivacity, agility, animate, lively
Labyrinth: Maze, complexity Sentence: Earlier this year he fell prey to a general
Synonyms: intricacy, perplexity, complication lassitude.
Antonyms: clarity, simplicity Laudable: Admirable
Sentence: The older is the Cretan labyrinth, whose Synonyms: deserving, honorable, praiseworthy,
classical form has seven circuits. acceptable
Laconic: brief and to the point Antonyms: vicious, blame, worthy, venomous,
condemnable
Synonyms: brief, condensed, concise, compact
Sentence: This has the entirely laudable aim of
Antonyms: dilated, profused, diffuse, wordy, prolix
preventing the genocide of any group.
Sentence: A full and suitably laconic report of events
Lavish: Splendid
will follow in March.
Synonyms: abundant, excessive, profuse, extravagant
Lag: Move slowly, delay
Antonyms: scarce, deficient, frugal, conserve, scanty
Synonyms: retard, falter, linger, dawdle
Sentence: It bestowed the honor of a very lavish

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
triumph. Licentious: Amoral, lewd and lascivious
Lax: Slack, remiss (SSC CGL 2010)
Synonyms: careless, negligence, indifferent Synonyms: corrupt, lecherous, libertine, libidinous,
Antonyms: firm, reliable, meticulous, scrupulous lustful
Sentence: They had therefore become lax in what Antonyms: chaste, moral
they were offering to god. Sentence: The young girls chose to leave the park
Legerdemain: Sleight of hand because of the coarse and licentious men who
approached them.
Synonyms: chicanery, deceit, deception, trickery
Antonyms: reality, truth Linger: dawdle, continue or persist
Sentence: Every body is well known legerdemain,
so nobody relies on him. Synonyms: loiter, prolong, hesitate, delay
Lenient: Mild, permissiveness Antonyms: hasten, quicken, dart, hurry
Synonyms: compassionate, merciful, moderate, tolerant Sentence: He lingered around the mall to avoid going
Antonyms: cruel, severe, violent, vehement home.
Sentence: Be not so severe as to cause disgust, nor Listless: Without energy
so lenient as to make people presume. Synonyms: lazy, inattentive spiritless, incurious
Levitate: Float in air Antonyms: brisk, attentive, diligent, agile
Synonyms: Float, rise, fly Sentence: I gave up smoking on Monday and feel a
Antonyms: drop, lower bit listless in a way.
Sentence: Soon after taking off, the aeroplane began Loquacious: talkative
to levitate. (SSC CGL 2011)
Liable: Answerable Synonyms: chatty, garrulous, gossipy, verbose, prolix,
Synonyms: accountable, bound, responsible, likely wordy
Antonyms: unaccountable, apt to, irresponsible, exempt Antonyms: quiet, silent, reticent, uncommunicative
Sentence: Chief Officers should be vicariously liable Sentence: He sipped it with relish and soon became
for the actions of their officers. somewhat loquacious.
Libel: Act of writing something that smears a Lucid: Easily understood
person’s character Synonyms: sound, rational, coherent, sane
Synonyms: aspersion, calumny, defamation, denigration Antonyms: obscure, hidden, incomprehensible,
Antonyms: compliment, praise unintelligible
Sentence: He has filed a libel suit against the Sentence: The coverage of terrorist attacks is neither
newspaper. particularly lucid nor particularly complete.
Liberal: Progressive Lucrative: Profitable
Synonyms: Advanced, indulgent, broad Synonyms: advantageous, fruitful
Antonyms: narrow, conservative Antonyms: unprofitable, unproductive
Sentence: Always politically liberal, he was active in Sentence: He has started a new business which may
charity and political work. be proved lucrative for him.
Liberate: Give freedom Ludicrous: Laughable
Synonyms: emancipate, free, rescue, unshackle, Synonyms: absurd, bizarre, preposterous, grotesque
absolve Antonyms: balanced, congruous, consistent, solemn
Antonyms: suppress, manacle, obstruct, detain Sentence: On the one hand, I think that sounds pretty
Sentence: By then large populations of slaves were ludicrous.
already liberated. Lugubrious: Mournful

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Synonyms: gloomy, pensive, sad, sorrowful Synonyms: benevolent, charitable, munificent, generous
Antonyms: cheerful, happy, encouraged Antonyms: greedy, malevolent, selfish, unkind
Sentence: After accident of the train there was nothing Sentence: The magnanimous king was generous and
but lugubrious voice every where. fair to all of his subjects, making sure that their troubles
Luminous: Shining, issuing light were resolved and their needs were met.
Synonyms: illuminated, incandescent Malign: Hurtful; injurious
Antonyms: dark, dim, dull, gloomy Synonyms: baneful, deleterious, detrimental, noxious
Sentence: It is celebrated by making the place Antonyms: benign, helpful, aiding
luminous by arranging lights and burning the crackers. Sentence: The fashion industry is one of the sectors
Lunacy: Craziness, madness so often maligned because of the manufacturing
choices that design houses make.
Synonyms: delusion, insanity, madness, imbecility
Antonyms: normalcy, sanity, sagacity, shrewdness Masticate: Chew
Sentence: How can a simple man compete against Synonyms: grind, crunch, munch
such inspired lunacy? Sentence: Youngesters are generally found
Luscious: Delectable, delicious masticating chilgum.
Synonyms: palatable, delicious, delectable, delightful Maudlin: Effusively sentimental
Antonyms: unsavoury, tart, sharp, sour Synonyms: befuddled, confused
Sentence: I shall have to be on my guard as the broccoli Antonyms: calm, indifferent
is looking luscious. Sentence: This play maybe sad in tone, but is never
Luxuriant: Profuse maudlin or cynical.
(SSC CGL 2010) Maverick: Rebel
Synonyms: abundant, dense, plentiful Synonyms: nonconformist
Antonyms: scanty, meager, inadequate, deficient Antonyms: conformist, obeying
Sentence: At the time of which we write, the vegetation Sentence: There are, however, a few mavericks in
each box or items which would be better placed
of the isle was not very luxuriant.
elsewhere.
M Meddle: Intervene
Macabre: Gruesome, grisly Synonyms: interfere, invade, trespass
Synonyms: dreadful, frightening, ghastly, horrible Antonyms: bring together, join, unite
Antonyms: common, living, normal, pleasant, delightful Sentence: The lady liked to meddle in other people’s
Sentence: I have a very dark and sometimes macabre business.
sense of humor. Meek: Shy
Machiavellian: Crafty, double-dealing Synonyms: Docile, humble, soft, weak, modest
Synonyms: artful, cunning, deceitful, shrewd Antonyms: impertinent, aggressive, bold, brave,
Antonyms: gullible, kind, naive, honest confident
Sentence: He resorted to Machiavellian tactics in Sentence: The dad appeared to be meek in demeanor
order to get the job ahead of his adversaries. until the discussion of bedtime arose.
Maculated: Spotted Melodious: Sweet sounding
Synonyms: Mottled, stained, dirty Synonyms: dulcet, musical, harmonious, sweet
Antonyms: clean Antonyms: grating, dissonant, discordant, rancor
Sentence: The pompous young poet sang of the former Sentence: The bells were difficult to ring and not very
premier’s maculated brow. melodious.
Magnanimous: Kind hearted Mendacious: Dishonest

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Synonyms: Deceptive, erroneous, fallacious, perfidious, Sentence: Twins resemble each other closely; only
spurious minute differences set them apart.
Antonyms: frank, honest, sincere, truthful, trustworthy Miraculous: Surprisingly wonderful
Sentence: The feuding neighbors frequently called the Synonyms: marvellous, extraordinary, astounding,
police to report mendacious complaints about each amazing
other. Antonyms: ordinary, trivial, familiar, natural
Mercenary: Greedy for money Sentence: She also overcame the dyslexia in a
Synonyms: avaricious, covetous, venal, corrupt, seemingly miraculous way.
dishonest Mitigate: Check, diminish
Antonyms: honest, generous Synonyms: alleviate, relieve, lessen, assuage
Sentence: The drug company was denounced as Antonyms: augment, enhance, intensify, aggravate
mercenary for seeking only to increase its profits.
Sentence: Mitigate problems such as the re-circulation
Mercurial: Changeable of pollutants, bacteria and viruses.
Synonyms: variable, capricious, unstable, erratic Moderate: Calm
Antonyms: stable, constant, steady, steadfast Synonyms: limited, reasonable, lenient, temperate
Sentence: His friend has mercurial type of nature so Antonyms: excessive, extravagant, violent, vehement
none believes in his promis.
Sentence: He is an online testing assistant moderated
Meritorious: Honourable by a tutor and adminstered by a web master.
Synonyms: commendable, admirable, deserving , Modest: Shy, bashful
praiseworthy
Synonyms: reserved, unpretentious, humble, courteous
Antonyms: unworthy, infamous, disreputable, culpable
Antonyms: audacious, arrogant, pompous, vain
Sentence: Lastly, they can be used to reward
Sentence: Ram is modest by nature so he cannot
employees for particularly meritorious work.
express his will openly.
Metamorphosis: Conversion; transformation
Molest: Physically abusive
Synonyms: pester, harass, vex, misbehave
Synonyms: alteration, change, translation, mutation
Antonyms: console, soothe, comfort, cheer
Antonyms: stagnation, sameness
Sentence: Now a days the news of molesting has
Sentence: My sister loves to watch the
become common.
metamorphosis of a caterpillar as a beautiful butterfly
emerges from the silky cocoon. Mollify: Pacify, soothe
Mettle: courage Synonyms: appease, assuage, relieve, mitigate
Synonyms: determination, stamina, spirit Antonyms: irritate, infuriate, aggravate, exasperate
Antonyms: timidity, fear, cowardice, diffident Sentence: The airline customer service representative
tried to mollify the angry passenger.
Sentence: This formation definitely has the defensive
mettle to shut teams up. Momentous: Important
Militant: Aggressive, combative Synonyms: notable, eventful, consequential, stirring
Synonyms: belligerent, contentious, offensive, Antonyms: trivial, insignificant, commonplace,
pugnacious, warlike immaterial
Antonyms: peaceful, tolerant, compliant Sentence: We are also planning to present a truly
momentous crystal mark.
Sentence: Police expect a militant protest when
Obama loses the election. Monotonous: Same, boring
Minute: Small (SSC Auditor 2001)
Synonyms: diminutive, miniature, small, microscopic Synonyms: irksome, tedious, humdrum, insipid
Antonyms: varied, pleasant, appealing, captivating
Antonyms: large, colossal, stupendous, immense

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Sentence: Parades can be fun, but too much parading Mutinous: rebellious
can make festivity look monotonous. Synonyms: recalcitrant, insurgent, unruly, revolutionary
Morbid: Given to unwholesome thought Antonyms: submissive, faithful, complaint, loyal
Synonyms: diseased, dreadful, depressed Sentence: During the journey some of the other
Antonyms: cheerful, happy, pleased, healthy convicts on board became mutinous.
Sentence: What might sound merely morbid is actually Mutual: Shared, common
strangely beautiful. Synonyms: joint, identical, correlative, reciprocal
Morose: Depressed, pessimistic Antonyms: separate, distinct, divergent, individual
Synonyms: dolorous, mournful, gloomy, melancholy Sentence: Mutual respect, on both sides, will remove
Antonyms: cheerful, happy, optimistic cultural fears.
Sentence: He created that depressing painting during
his morose period. N
Multitude: Large group Nascent: Incipient, coming into being
Synonyms: crowd, throng, mass, swarm Synonyms: basic, fundamental, start, initial
Antonyms: minority, handful, paucity, scarcity Antonyms: grown, mature, developed
Sentence: The whole mural is surrounded by a Sentence: Nascent entrepreneurs for you to mentor
multitude of colorful flags. who will also provide feedback on your coaching skills.
Mundane: Ordinary Nasty: Disgusting
Synonyms: banal, commonplace, routine, trite Synonyms: offensive, defiled, malevolent, malignant
Antonyms: Exciting, extraordinary, wonderful, Antonyms: pleasing, gratifying, benevolent, attractive
supernatural, heavenly Sentence: My only criticism is that the artwork looks
Sentence: Listening to music makes mundane tasks a bit nasty.
more bearable. Native: Innate, inherent
Munificent: Giving, generous Synonyms: original, vernacular, indigenous, aboriginal
Synonyms: liberal, hospitable, benevolent, kind Antonyms: alien, extraneous, exotic, foreign
Antonyms: frugal, penurious, moderate, economical Sentence: These trees are referred to as non native,
Sentence: Munificent donors previously mentioned, or aliens.
the south wing has been called the Brooke wing. Nauseous: Distasteful
Murky: Gloomy, obscure Synonyms: unsavoury, loathsome, abominable, repellent
Synonyms: dusky, dreary, dismal, bleak Antonyms: commendable, worthy, benevolent,
Antonyms: bright, shining, luminous, radiant inoffensive
Sentence: The water of river yamuna has become Sentence: I believe at the time it made me feel a little
murky nauseous.
Muster: Gather, assemble Nebulous: Vague, cloudy
Synonyms: aggregation, collection, group Synonyms: hazy, murky, unclear
Antonyms: division, separation Antonyms: clear, plain
Sentence: Muster the courage to read the book Sentence: Yet there is a broadening range of sites in
anyway. what is still new, and so nebulous, ground.
Mutilate: Maim; damage Nefarious: Bad, sinful
Synonyms: dismember, vandalize Synonyms: detestable, atrocious, heinous, unlawful
Antonyms: fix, repair, mend Antonyms: commendable, worthy, upright, inoffensive
Sentence: The mass murderer mutilated his victims Sentence: It has a single drawback, it is somewhat
by cutting their faces once they were dead. nefarious.

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Negligent: Indifferent Notoriety: ill fame
Synonyms: inattentive, careless, heedless, perfunctory Synonyms: Disrepute
Antonyms: vigilant, careful, considerate, alert Antonyms: fame, renown, dignity
Sentence: Failure to take precautions to keep your Sentence: It was the resulting press coverage from
passwords secret may be considered negligent. his time here that gained him worldwide notoriety.
Nemesis: Someone seeking revenge Nourish: Feed
Synonyms: adversary, torment, ruin Synonyms: sustain, nurture, tend, foster
Antonyms: growth, creation Antonyms: exhaust, deprive, starve, weaken, enervate
Sentence: A brave move but, as we all know, Sohan is Sentence: I felt very well-informed and ‘spiritually
followed by nemesis. nourished ‘ after reading the magazine.
Neophyte: Beginner Novice: Neophyte, person just learning something.
Synonyms: amateur, apprentice, novice, fledgling
Antonyms: expert, professional, mentor, veteran Synonyms: tyro, beginner, debutant, apprentice
Sentence: He was a neophyte to the track team and Antonyms: veteran, ingenious, experienced, mentor
had the slowest times. Sentence: A novice learner has to face a lot of
Nettle: Annoy, vex troubles.
Synonyms: harass, pester, exasparete Noxious: Harmful
Antonyms: appease, mollify, please Synonyms: baneful, injurious, pernicious, disastrous
Sentence: The regular trampling of cattle can wipe Antonyms: healing, profitable, innocuous, salubrious
out common nettle. Sentence: Although he has many merits yet his action
Niggardly: Stingy, parsimonious proves noxious for me.
(SSC CGL 2012) Nullify: Revoke, void
Synonyms: miserly, covetous, inadequacy, deficiency Synonyms: cancel, annul, obliterate, invalidate
Antonyms: generous, profuse, redundant, excessive Antonyms: confirm, uphold, empower, endorse
Sentence: The niggardly pittance the widow receives Sentence: He has nullifying attitude to discard any
from the government can not keep her from poverty. social work.
Nimble: Active, agile Numerous: Abundant
Synonyms: prompt, brisk, lively, agile Synonyms: profuse, various, multitude, plenteous
Antonyms: sluggish, languid, weary, tardy Antonyms: scarce, deficient, paucity, sparse
Sentence: Many companies had proved nimble in Sentence: Such disturbances are quite numerous in
identifying new market opportunities. character and extent.
Nominal: In name only O
Synonyms: trifling, insubstantial, bare, negligible
Obdurate: stubborn
Antonyms: substantial, considerable, excessive,
Synonyms: adamant, obstinate, relentless
exorbitant
Antonyms: amenable, gentle, submissive
Sentence: People’s welfare depends upon real
variables, not nominal variables. Sentence: Ram has to face a lot of troubles in his
smooth life because of his obdurate nature.
Nonchalant: Easygoing
Obfuscate: cause confusion
(SSC CGL 2012)
Synonyms: baffle, puzzle, perplex, obscure, muddle
Synonyms: indifferent, negligent, uncaring, heedless
Antonyms: clear, illuminate
Antonyms: attentive, considerate, vigilant, scrupulous
Sentence: In spite of his intelligent teaching, he leaves
Sentence: He sounded just as nonchalant when asked
the matter obfuscate.
about the overall shape of his team.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Obligatory: binding, required Synonyms: outworn, archaic, antiquated
Synonyms: compulsory, binding, mandatory, necessary Antonyms: modern, novel, vogue, contemporary,
Antonyms: voluntary, nonessential renovated
Sentence: English is obligatory in almost all Sentence: The medium may become obsolete with a
competitive examinations. few years.
Obliterate: destroy completely Obstinate: Stubborn, hard to control or treat
Synonyms: annihilate, delete, erase, eradicate, Synonyms: stubborn, resolute, unyielding, obdurate
expunge, eliminate Antonyms: submissive, obedient, amenable, pliable
Antonyms: build, construct, create Sentence: They were quite obstinate in their opinions
Sentence: Beyond here the canal has been completely so most of the people shun them.
obliterated by open cast mining. Obstreperous: Noisy
Oblivion: obscurity, forgetfulness Synonyms: boisterous, clamorous, vociferous
Synonyms: neglect, indifference, disregard Antonyms: calm, quiet, silent
Antonyms: awareness, consciousness Sentence: If they become obstreperous they often
Sentence: We were anchored at the foot of the division need several people to control them.
facing oblivion. Occlude: Shut
Obloquy: slander, disgrace, infamy Synonyms: close, hinder, block, prevent
Synonyms: calumny, aspersion, censure Antonyms: allow, help, permit
Antonyms: calmness, praise Sentence: The way has been occluded due to strike.
Sentence: The passion for wealth gives a kind of Occult: Mysterious
spurious courage to face obloquy. (SSC T.A. 2004)
Obnoxious: offensive Synonyms: latent, ambiguous, esoteric, elusive
Synonyms: pernicious, detestable, abhorrent Antonyms: intelligible, transparent, fathomable,
Antonyms: attractive, gratifying, beneficial, desirable scrutable
Sentence: I’m not usually, just to the idiots who pretend Sentence: He who studies the occult, studies all the
to be drunk and are so obnoxious. deepest mysteries of existence and nature.
Obscure: Not easily understood Ominous: Threatening.
Synonyms: abstruse, ambiguous, vague, unclear Synonyms: threatening, inauspicious, forebode,
Antonyms: apparent, clear, explicit menacing
Sentence: His explanation of the problem was so Antonyms: consoling, auspicious, propitious,
obscure that no one understood it. comforting
Obsequious: Sycophant Sentence: New ways of working for social work
sounds ominous.
Synonyms: servile, flattering, toadying
Omniscient: All knowing
Antonyms: disinterested, proud, arrogant
Synonyms: Almighty
Sentence: He was so obsequious when the boss was
present, that his co-workers shunned him in disgrace. Synonyms: Ignorant
Obsidian: black volcanic rock Sentence: I’m not omniscient, you need to tell me
how you are feeling if you want me to know.
Synonyms: dark, murky
Onerous: Burdensome
Antonyms: while
Synonyms: arduous, troublesome, inconvenient,
Sentence: I spent ages staring out of my window at
formidable
the glassy, obsidian, black example I borrowed last
week. Antonyms: facile, agreeable, flexible, uncomplicated
Obsolete: outdated Sentence: Their strategic, social, economic, and political

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
costs would prove onerous. Ostracize: Exclude from public favour
Opprobrium: Infamy, vilification
Synonyms: disgrace, blemish, disrespect, ignominous (SSC CGL 2010)
Antonyms: regard, respect, compliment Synonyms: ban, boycott, avoid, shun, expel
Sentence: Like any profession, architecture has its Antonyms: embrace, welcome, accept
villains and they deserve opprobrium. Sentence: Brother returned home, to find himself
Opulence: extreme wealth permanently ostracized.
Synonyms: abundance, affluence, excess, prosperity Outlandish: Peculiar, unconventional
Antonyms: poverty, insignificant, frugality, scanty, Synonyms: Bizarre, awkward, eccentric, erratic
meager, penury Antonyms: common, normal, ordinary, usual,
Sentence: The more variety the better - lots of different conventional
shape and sizes will give you a really opulent look. Sentence: The eccentric professor who engages in
Ordeal: Severe trial or affliction markedly outlandish behavior is a stock figure in
Synonyms: affliction, anguish, agony, suffering novels.
Antonyms: happiness, pleasure Overweening: Presumptuous
Sentence: A long time heavy smoker he is suffering Synonyms: arrogant, haughty, conceited
the most terrible ordeal. Antonyms: modest
Orifice: Mouth like opening, small opening Sentence: His overweening pride in his
Synonyms: aperture, crack, vent, outlet accomplishments was not justified.
Antonyms: closing Overwrought: Extremely agitated, hysterical
Sentence: This is achieved by means of a counter
balance chamber of similar area to the valve seat Synonyms: excited, agitated, ferment, intense
orifice.
Antonyms: quiet, tranquil, composed, cool
Oscillate: Vibrate pendulum like Sentence: She became too overwrought because of
Synonyms: fluctuate, vacillate, waver the news of a sudden tragedy.
Antonyms: hold, persist, remain, stay
Sentence: It is interesting to note how public opinion
P
oscillates between the extreme of optimism and Palliate: To make a disease or an illness less painful
pessimism. or unpleasant
Osseous: Made of bone Synonyms: Mitigate, assuage, alleviate,
Synonyms: hard, bony, skeletal Antonyms: denounce, condemn, reproach, reprehend
Sentence: The infant’s skull gradually closes as new Sentence: We should palliate the sufferings of the
osseous tissue fills in the gap. poor and the destitute.
Ostensible: Professed, pretended Pallid: Faint in colour; pale
Synonyms: apparent, evident, obvious, overt Synonyms: Wan, anaemic, ashen
Antonyms: concealed, covert, obscure, vague Antonyms: ruddy, lively
Sentence: The ostensible purpose of this expedition Sentence: The mirror showed her a face as pallid as
is to discover new lands. pies.
Ostentatious: Showy, pretentious Palpable: Tangible; Obvious
Synonyms: display, pretention, vaunt, pomposity Synonyms: Apparent, Blatant, perceptible
Antonyms: modesty, constraint, diffidence, economy Antonyms: concealed, obscure, intangible, covert
Sentence: Royal casino in Atlantic City is the most Sentence: The tension in the room was almost
ostentatious gambling place. palpable.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Pandemic: A disease that spread over a whole Parlance: Manner of speaking or writing
region; wide spread Synonyms: Jargon, phraseology
Synonyms: Rampant, pervasive Sentence: Under the communist, local councils
Antonyms: limited, controlled became, in official parlance, ‘agencies of the state
Sentence: A pandemic of the Spanish flu claimed authority’.
nearly 22 million lives worldwide. Parley: Discussion
Pander: to cater to the low desire of others Synonyms: Consult, negotiate, deliberate
Sentence: Though the problem appears
Synonyms: Gratify, indulge insurmountable, I am sure that parleys can through up
some idea.
Antonyms: deny, refuse, satisfy
Sentence: He said that government had pandered to Parochial: Narrow in outlook
the terrorists demands for too long. Synonyms: myopic, insular, sectional, narrow minded,
Panoply: A complete and magnificent array restricted
Antonyms: broad, liberal
Sentence: They need to be better informed and less
Synonyms: Range, regalia
parochial in their thinking.
Sentence: The panoply of Maharana Pratap contains
Paroxysm: Sudden outburst as of laughter, rage
a shield that weighs around 20 kgs!
Paragon: Model of perfection or excellence
Synonyms: spasm, convulsion, outburst
Sentence: Later the same day, he exploded in a
Synonyms: Epitome, exemplar, nonpareil, quintessence paroxysm of rage, which continued for half an hour.
Sentence: We don’t expect all the candidates to be Parry: To ward off, avoid
paragon of virtue.
Synonyms: Fend off, stave off, rebuff
Paramour: A lover especially in an adulterous
Antonyms: deal with, face, meet
relationship
Sentence: She parried all questions about their
Synonyms: mistress, illicit lover
relationship.
Sentence: When Prince Charles wed his long time
Parsimonious: To be very stingy
paramour, it generated a considerable fus.
Synonyms: Miserly, niggardly, penurious
Paraphernalia: Collection of articles, stuff
Antonyms: generous, lavish, liberal
Sentence: Mr. Scrooge is so parsimonious that he
Synonyms: accoutrements, accessories, odds and ends did not contribute even a penny to the Christmas charity
Sentence: Get rid of all cigarettes and ashtrays and collection.
other paraphernalia associated with smoking.
Passé: Out of date; old fashioned
Pariah: Person rejected by others, outcast Synonyms: archaic, obsolescent, antiquated, defunct
Antonyms: current, fashionable, modern, new
Synonyms: untouchable, leper Sentence: Her ideas on clothes are distinctly passé.
Sentence: For many years the country was treated as Paucity: Scarcity, dearth
a pariah by western governments.
(SSC CGL 2010)
Parity: Equality Synonyms: meagerness, paltriness, scantiness
Synonyms: uniformity, consistency Antonyms: abundance, affluence, plenty
Antonyms: dissimilitude, inequality, imbalance Sentence: There is no paucity of natural resources in
Sentence: The Open University students are at parity India
with the state university students in terms of academic
Peculation: Misappropriation of public funds
standards.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Synonyms: Theft Sentence: Her father was in the army and the family
Antonyms: return led a peripatetic existence.
Sentence: The accountant was blacklisted for Pernicious: Causing great injury
peculation of the firm’s funds. Synonyms: destruction, fatal, detrimental, deleterious,
Pecuniary: related to money inimical, malevolent
Synonyms: monetary, fiscal, economic, budgetary Antonyms: innocuous, helpful
Sentence: She denies obtaining a pecuniary advantage Sentence: I did what I could, but her brokers influence
of deception. was pernicious.
Pejorative: Disparaging Pertinacious: Stubborn
Synonyms: derogatory, denigatory, deprecatory, Synonyms: persistent, determined, tenacious, assiduous,
slanderous resolute
Antonyms: complimentary, positive, praising Antonyms: irresolute, tentative
Sentence: I agree I am ambitious, and I don’t see that Sentence: I wish you would not be so pertinacious
as a pejorative teerm. in your outlook.
Penance: Atonement Peruse: To read carefully
Synonyms: expiation, reparation, amends Synonyms: scrutinize, inspect, examine
Sentence: Thousands of Pilgrims arrive in Varanasi Antonyms: neglect, overlook
every year to perform penance for their sins. Sentence: A copy of the report is available for you to
Penchant: A strong liking; Inclination peruse at leisure.
Synonyms: Propensity, affinity, fondness, proclivity, Pervasive: spreading throughout
preference, predilection Synonyms: prevalent, ubiquitous, omnipresent
Antonyms: dislike, hatred, indifference Antonyms: limited, narrow, insignificant
Sentence: He had a penchant for playing jokes on Sentence: Until the self study documented all those
people. things I had no idea how pervasive they were?
Perdition: Complete and irreparable loss; complete Perversion: Corruption, Turning from right to wrong
ruin
Synonyms: Damnation, condemnation Synonyms: Depravity, wickedness
Antonyms: accomplishment, win Antonyms: decency, goodness, honour, kindness
Sentence: He was condemned to the perdition of his Sentence: What monstrous perversion of the human
own wrongdoing all through his life. spirit leads a sniper to open fire on a bus carrying
Perfidious: Faithless children?
Synonyms: Treacherous, deceitful, duplicitous, Petulant: Childishly bad tempered
treasonous Synonyms: irritable, irascible, fractious
Antonyms: faithful, moral, trustworthy Antonyms: happy, pleasant
Sentence: She now sees the public sector as full of Sentence: She could not stand his petulance anymore
perfidious politicians and cowardly civil servant. and got into the car and drove off.
Perfunctory: Superficial Philistine: A person who does not like or understand
Synonyms: cursory, shallow, uninterested, desultory art, literature, music etc.
Antonyms: careful, precise, thoughtful
Sentence: She gives the list only a perfunctory glance. Synonyms: ignoramus, primitive, bourgeois
Peripatetic: Roaming Antonyms: adventurous, inspired
Synonyms: Itinerant, roving, nomadic, ambulatory Sentence: She dismissed critics of her work as
Antonyms: fixed, settled philistines.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Phlegmatic: A calm, sluggish temperament Poignancy: Quality that affects deeply and makes
Synonyms: calm, impassive, composed, serene one feel very sad
Antonyms: agitated, annoyed, excited (SSC CGL 2011)
Sentence: He is a men of phlegmatic attitude. Synonyms: pathos, piteousness, misery
Physiognomy: Facial features Antonyms: cheer, glee, happiness, joy
Synonyms: countenance, face, outlook. Sentence: After train accident the poignancy of the
scene was unexplainabul.
Sentence: He was fascinated by her physiognomy;
the prominent nose, brooding eyes and thick hair. Polemic: Argumentation
Pinnacle: peak, zenith, summit Synonyms: debate, contention, discussion
Synonyms: crest, apex, vertex Antonyms: accord, harmony, agreement
Antonyms: base, bottom, nadir Sentence: The book is both a history and a passionate
polemic for tolerance.
Sentence: John major has reached the pinnacle of his
political career. Poltroon: Coward
Placate: To appease, pacify, mollify Synonyms: craven, sissy, henpecked
Synonyms: soothe, conciliate, propitiate Antonyms: brave
Antonyms: agitate, upset, worry Sentence: He was labeled a poltroon since he refused
to go out in the dark on his own.
Sentence: He smiled, and made a gesture intended to
placate me. Ponderous: Moving heavily and slowly
Plaintive: Mournful, sad
Synonyms: lumbering, cumbersome, graceless
Synonyms: wistful, doleful, melancholy, pitiful, piteous
Antonyms: airy, buoyant, delicate, light
Antonyms: cheerful, happy
Sentence: She watched the cow’s ponderous
Sentence: The plaintive cry was heard by all.
progress.
Plenary: Full, complete
Pragmatic: Practical
Synonyms: unconditional, comprehensive,
(SSC CGL 2010)
plenipotentiary, sweeping
Synonyms: Realistic, logical, expedient
Antonyms: incomplete, limited, partial
Antonyms: idealistic, unreasonable
Sentence: The council has plenary powers to
administer the agreement. Sentence: The Company took a pragmatic decision
based on local conditions.
Plentitude: Abundance, plenty
Precarious: Dependent upon chance, risky
Synonyms: profusion, plethora, cornucopia
Antonyms: insufficiency, need, lack, want
(SSC CGL 2010)
Sentence: The music brought him a feeling of
Synonyms: uncertain, insecure, hazardous, perilous
plentitude and freedom.
Antonyms: assured, undeniable, reliable, substantial
Pliable: Easily bent or molded, flexible
Sentence: The world is a precarious and an unstable
Synonyms: pliant, supple
place.
Antonyms: defiant, adamant, rigid, obdurate
Precocious: Showing premature development
Sentence: As babies grow bigger their bones become
less pliable.
Synonyms: gifted, talented
Plummet: To fall suddenly
Sentence: She burst on the world tennis scene as a
Synonyms: tumble, plunge, nosedive precocious 14 year old.
Antonyms: ascend, rise Predispose: To give an idea beforehand, make
Sentence: In Tokyo, share prices have plummeted susceptible
for the sixth successive day.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Synonyms: lead, prompt, liable, make, vulnerable Synonyms: extravagant, lavish, spendthrift, profligate
Antonyms: discourage, dissuade Antonyms: careful, thrifty
Sentence: His attitude predisposes that he will cheat Sentence: They criticized the administration for its
a day. prodigal ways.
Preposterous: Absurd, ridiculous Prodigy: A highly gifted child
Synonyms: outrageous, ludicrous Synonyms: genius, mastermind, virtuoso
Antonyms: reasonable, sensible Antonyms: normal, average, mediocre, common
Sentence: The whole idea was preposterous. Sentence: The teacher pointed to prodigy of my
Presumptuous: To be forward and arrogant youngest son.
Synonyms: brazen, impertinent, impudent Progenitor: Ancestor
Antonyms: unassuming, modest, bashful, unobtrusive Synonyms: antecedent, predecessor
Sentence: It would be presumptuous to accuse Antonyms: descendent
Mohan without having proof of his guilt. Sentence: He was the progenitor of a distinguished
Pretentious: Affectedly grand, Ostentatious family.
Prognosis: A prediction, forecasting
Synonyms: Flashy, flaunty, grandiloquent (SSC CGL 2011)
Antonyms: humble, modest Synonyms: projection, prophecy
Sentence: His remorse was full of pretentious Sentence: Its my prognosis that he might be a bank
nonsense P O.
Prevaricate: To avoid giving a direct answer Proletarian: Ordinary working class people

Synonyms: equivocate, dodge, fence, beat about the Synonyms: bourgeois, plebeian, commoner
bush Antonyms: aristocratic, rich, luxurious
Sentence: The ministers continue to prevaricate. Sentence: I think that proletarian referendum decides
Pristine: In perfect condition, immaculate the rulling class.
Proliferate: To increase rapidly
Synonyms: unspoilt, spotless, flawless, unsullied Synonyms: multiply, burgeon, escalate
Sentence: We enjoyed losing ourselves in the pristine Antonyms: decrease, deplete, diminish
surroundings more than we enjoyed the competition.
Sentence: In recent year’s commercial, cultural, travel
Proclivity: A natural tendency or inclination, usually and other contacts have proliferated between Europe
a bad one and China.
Synonyms: Disposition, propensity, penchant, Prophylactic: Preventing or guarding against
predilection disease
Antonyms: disinclination (SSC CGL 2010)
Sentence: The government has a proclivity for Synonyms: precautionary, anticipatory, inhibitive
spending money.
Sentence: Vaccination and other prophylactic
Procrastinate: dawdle measures should be carried out on children.
(SSC CGL 2011) Propitiate: Conciliate
Synonyms: Loiter, linger, tarry, wait Synonyms: Assuage, appease, mollify, pacify, placate
Antonyms: accelerate, advance, quicken Antonyms: Aggravate, incite, provoke, stimulate
Sentence: Winners don’t make excuses and they never Sentence: The criminal offered bribe to propitiate
procrastinate. the police officer and release him.
Prodigal: Recklessly wasteful Prosaic: Dull and not showing any imagination

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Puissant: Powerful, strong
Synonyms: mundane, trite, humdrum, lackluster Synonyms: potent, mighty, stalwart
Antonyms: creative, imaginative, interesting Antonyms: impotent, ineffective
Sentence: His instructor offered a more prosaic Sentence: A puissant man’s influences are awesome.
explanation for the surge in John’s interest. Pulchritude: Physical beauty
Proscribe: To forbid Synonyms: comeliness, attractiveness
Synonyms: banish, outlaw, prohibit, embargo Antonyms: ugliness
Antonyms: solicit, include, permit, sanction Sentence: Catherine’s pulchritude took my breath
Sentence: Usually the government proscribes some away.
unlicenced drugs. Punctilious: careful
Proselytize: To try to persuade others to accept (SSC CGL 2011)
different religions or beliefs Synonyms: Conscientious, scrupulous, meticulous,
Synonyms: evangelize, convert, recruit precise
Antonyms: hold, remain Antonyms: inattentive, incautious, informal
Sentence: I assured him we had not dropped in to Sentence: The teacher corrected the essay in a very
proselytize. punctilious manner, criticizing the student for even the
Protean: Very changeable, versatile slightest mistakes.
Synonyms: variable, kaleidoscopic, fluctuating Purgatory: remorse, state of suffering
Antonyms: stable, unchangeable
Sentence: He is a protean stylist who can get anyone Synonyms: torment, affliction, tribulation
attracted. Sentence: Getting up at 4 o’clock in the morning is
Protégé: Person receiving protection and support sheer purgatory.
from patron Purport: To claim, intent
Synonyms: trainee, apprentice, charge Synonyms: import, allege, profess
Antonyms: leader Sentence: The book does not purport to be a complete
Sentence: He had been a protégé of Captain Singh. history of the period.
Provenance: Origin or source of something Pusillanimous: frightened, cowardly

Synonyms: pedigree, etymology, roots Synonyms: fainthearted, timid, timorous

Antonyms: end, finish Antonyms: bold, brave, courageous
Sentence: The provenance of this trickle is a complete Sentence: The authorities have been too
mystery. pusillanimous in merely condemning the violence.
Puerile: Childish, suitable for child rather than an Putrid: Decaying and therefore smelling very bad
adult
Synonyms: infantile, juvenile, adolescent Synonyms: rotten, decaying, putrefied, decomposing,
Antonyms: wise, profound, sensible fetid
Sentence: Concert organizers branded the group’s Antonyms: fresh, perfumed
actions as puerile. Sentence: The drains were overflowing with garbage
Pugnacity: Combativeness, aggression and the putrid stench was almost unbearable.
Synonyms: belligerence, hostility
Q
Antonyms: defense, resistance
Quack: An untrained person who practices medicine
Sentence: He is known for his fearlessness and
fraudulently
pugnacity.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Synonyms: Charlatan, mountebank, imposter, fraudster Antonyms: exciting, unusual
Antonyms: genuine, original, real Sentence: Television has become a part of our
Sentence: I have got a check-up with the quack next Quotidian existence.
week.
R
Quaff: To drink a large amount of something with
relish Raconteur: storyteller
Synonyms: guzzle Synonyms: narrator
Antonyms: eject, vomit Sentence: He spoke eight languages and was a noted
raconteur.
Sentence: They spent the evening quaffing
champagne. Ragamuffin: Person wearing tattered clothes
Quagmire: wet, boggy ground, a difficult or
inextricable position Synonyms: Urchin, vagrant, waif
Synonyms: Quandary, dilemma, imbroglio Antonyms: Sophisticate, dandy, stylish, modern.
Antonyms: blessing, solution, success Sentence: A few peopole are bound to be ragamuffins
in India.
Sentence: His people had fallen further and further
into the quagmire of confusion. Raiment: Clothing
Quandary: Dilemma; perplexity Synonyms: Attire, dress, clothes.
Synonyms: predicament, impasse Sentence: I want nothing but raiment and daily bread.
Antonyms: advantage, certainty, solution Rampant: Growing in profusion; unrestrained
Sentence: Sumit was in quandary should he go or
not? Synonyms: Uncontrolled, excessive, exuberant,
Querulous: Complaining, whining pandemic, prevalant
Antonyms: Controlled, limited, restrained
(SSC Auditor 2005)
Sentence: Swineflue has become rampant in South
Synonyms: fretful, irascible, peevish, petulant
Delhi.
Antonyms: cheerful, happy
Rancid: Having the bed smell, spoiled
Sentence: He complained in a querulous voice about
having been woken up. Synonyms: stale, putrid, foul, noxious
Quiescent: Inactive, inert Antonyms: perfumed, sweet
Sentence: There was a rancid smell coming from the
Synonyms: latent, dormant
kitchen.
Antonyms: active
Rancour: A continuing and bitter hate
Sentence: We decided to spend our weekend in the
quiescent seaside of Panama Beach. Synonyms: malice, spite, malevolence, animosity
Quintessence: The perfect example Antonyms: kindness, love, respect, sympathy
Sentence: She learned to accept criticism without
Synonyms: embodiment, exemplar, epitome
rancour.
Sentence: The temple was the quintessence of
Rankle: To make feel angry or upset for a long time
ancient art.
Quixotic: imaginative ideas or plans
Synonyms: annoy, nettle, infuriate, pique
Synonyms: impractical, idealistic, utopian
Antonyms: delight, please
Antonyms: practical
Sentence: Sunidhi refused to marry Ramesh still
Sentence: He has always lived his life by a hopelessly
rankles with him.
quixotic code of honour.
Rapacious: Plundering, greedy
Quotidian: Ordinary; common
Synonyms: avaricious, ravenous, usurious
Synonyms: daily, standard, typical

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Antonyms: benevolent, generous Antonyms: straight, vertical
Sentence: The oil fields have been depleted by a Sentence: He lies recumbent in his armor on a bed
rapacious exploitation policy. of pebbles, looking eerily alive.
Ratification: Approve formally Redolent: Sweet smelling
(SSC Auditor 2003) Synonyms: fragrant, aromatic
Synonyms: Confirm, verify, sanction, permission Antonyms: noxious, putrid, stale, stinking
Antonyms: rejection, repudiation Sentence: The drawing room is in the oldest part of
Sentence: After many months and many negotiations, the property, still redolent with 17th century character.
the ratification of the treaty was accomplished. Redoubtable: Formidable; Fearsome; imposing
Ravage: To destroy violently; ruin
(SSC Auditor 2005) Synonyms: Daunting, indomitable, resolute, doughty
Synonyms: pillage, devastate, demolish Antonyms: friendly, harmless
Antonyms: aid, assist, help, protect Sentence: Australia will be a redoubtable opponent
Sentence: For two decades country has been ravaged in the finals.
by civil war and foreign intervention. Refractory: Obstinate; unmanageable; disobedient
Ravenous: Wildly hungry; Voracious
Synonyms: starved, famished, insatiable, gluttonous Synonyms: Obdurate, recalcitrant, intransigent,
intractable
Antonyms: full, satisfied
Antonyms: manageable, obedient
Sentence: Amy realized that she had eaten nothing
since leaving Bruton Street and she was ravenous. Sentence: He was a refractory priest who refused to
side with the king.
Recalcitrant: Resistant; stubborn; unmanageable
Regale: To entertain; amuse
Synonyms: intractable, rebellious, mutinous, refractory Synonyms: fascinate, captivate, beguile
Antonyms: amenable, obedient, passive Antonyms: bore, tire
Sentence: Recalcitrant employer might seek to argue Sentence: He regularly regales friends with
that the union does not come with clean hands. humorous stories.
Recluse: Hermit, Solitary Relic: Something left from an earlier time
Synonyms: Ascetic, monk, introvert Synonyms: vestige, trace, artifact
Antonyms: extrovert Sentence: These precious relics were surely taken
without consent in the first place.
Sentence: The 5th duke was an eccentric recluse,
who shunned visitors. Remiss: Negligent; Derelict
Reconnaissance: Surveillance by army Synonyms: irresponsible, careless, lackadaisical
Antonyms: careful, scrupulous, thoughtful
Sentence: I shall always regret that I was so remiss.
Synonyms: surveillance, exploration, examination
Sentence: The helicopter was returning from Remonstrate: To protest
reconnaissance mission. Synonyms: Expostulate, complain
Rectitude: Integrity, honesty, uprightness Antonyms: agree, concede
Synonyms: Righteousness, equity, scrupulousness Sentence: He remonstrated with the referee about
his dismissal.
Antonyms: dishonesty, infamy
Sentence: There’s big ambition, deep resentment, and Renege: to go back on
fiscal rectitude. Synonyms: default; repudiate
Recumbent: Lying down Antonyms: admit, approve
Synonyms: leaning, reclining, prostrate, supine

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Sentence: In a way I had not reneged on previous Antonyms: allow, approve, permit
preoccupations. Sentence: In spite of the problematic timing, the British
Repartee: Quick-witty reply did not rescind their invitation.
(SSC CGL 2011) Resplendent: Dazzling, splendid
Synonyms: Retort, riposte, banter Synonyms: Radiant, glittering, spectacular, magnificent
Antonyms: argument, fight Antonyms: cloudy, dull, gloomy
Sentence: This smart repartee had the desired effect, Sentence: The Buddha shines resplendent all day
and they all retired immediately. and all night.
Repercussion: Consequence
Synonyms: Effect, reaction, rebound, reverberation Restitution: Pay for damage; reimbursement
Antonyms: origin, cause, source
Sentence: If you substitute the word repercussions Synonyms: compensation, indemnity, remuneration
for consequences and it makes sense,you are using it Antonyms: fee, penalty
properly. Sentence: Full restitution of civil rights to catholics,
Replete: Well filled; stuffed however, has still not been completed.
Synonyms: satiated, gorged, overflowing, brimming Resuscitate: To revive
Antonyms: empty, needy, wanting Synonyms: rescue, resurrect, revitalize, rejuvenate
Sentence: Online articles are often replete with Antonyms: demolish, destroy, ruin
cutting-edge information on just about every topic. Sentence: It appears to have been assumed that
Reprehensible: Objectionable; culpable; patients who were not immediately resuscitated would
blameworthy die.
Synonyms: deplorable, despicable, erring, opprobrious Reticent: Reserved, uncommunicative
Antonyms: good, kind, respectable Synonyms: introvert, diffident, inhibited, withdrawn
Sentence: I think, frankly, a lot of the stories that went Antonyms: communicative, talkative, chatty
on were absolutely reprehensible. Sentence: Mr. Sushil is normally a reticent man.
Reprimand: Rebuke severely or formally Retinue: Followers, attendants
Synonyms: admonish, criticize, chastise, chide, upbraid Synonyms: encourage, escort
Antonyms: praise, reward, forgiveness Sentence: He at once called all the royal retinue for
Sentence: He was later formally reprimanded by the a sudden meeting.
police for the attack. Retort: A quick sharp reply
Reprobate: A person who behaves in an immoral Synonyms: rejoinder, response, riposte
way Antonyms: question, request
Synonyms: Rogue, rascal, villain, wretch Sentence: His sharp retort clearly made an impact.
Antonyms: decent, honorable, trustworthy Retribution: Severe punishment
Sentence: Christianity reprobates to enernal
Synonyms: reprisal, retaliation, nemesis
punishment in hellp.
Antonyms: forgiveness, pardon, sympathy
Repudiate: To banish, renounce
Sentence: He didn’t want any further involvement for
Synonyms: reject, abandon, disavow, discard fear of retribution.
Antonyms: admit, approve Ribald: Obscene, bawdy, wanton
Sentence: Why, in spite of repeated warnings, did he
Synonyms: lewd, lascivious, vulgar, indecent
not repudiate them at the time?
Antonyms: chaste, clean, decent
Rescind: To revoke; cancel
Sentence: She made some ribald comments about a
Synonyms: repeal, abrogate, annul, void fellow guest’s body language.

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Vocabulary
Rigmarole: A long and complicated procedure to Sentence: We should not, however, be too sanguine.
get something Satiate: To satisfy fully
Synonyms: ceremony, ritual, procedure Synonyms: Quench, slake
Sentence: I had no wish to go through the whole Antonyms: deprive, dissatisfy
rigmarole again and so I nipped the problem in the Sentence: It is too hot today and even cold water does
bud. not satiate our thirst.
Ruddy: Looking red and healthy Saturnine: Gloomy
Synonyms: Rubicund Synonyms: morose, somber, melancholy, lugubrious
Antonyms: pale, pallid Antonyms: cheerful, happy, nice, pleasant
Sentence: He had a naturally ruddy complexion, even Sentence: He painted all the walls in his house a dull
more flushed now from dancing. lead grey that perfectly matched his saturnine
Ruse: Artifice, Stratagem, Poly personality.
Synonyms: Trick, tactic, contrivance, subterfuge Savant: A learned person; eminent scholar
Antonyms: honesty, openness, truthfulness Synonyms: philosopher, guru, solomon
Sentence: She tried to think of a ruse to get him out Antonyms: amateur
of the house. Sentence: Savant skills appear very early in life,
creating the appearance of genius or prodigy.
S
Scourge: Severe suffering or trouble
Sadistic: Inclined to cruelty
Synonyms: brutal, barbarous, perverted, vicious
Synonyms: affliction, bane, curse, misfortune
Antonyms: Humane, kind, merciful
Antonyms: advantage, benefit, boon, blessing
Sentence: He took sadistic pleasure in taunting the
boy. Sentence: The inspector ordered the constable to
punish the thief with scourge.
Sagacious: showing good judgment and
understanding He is the scourge of all mysterious events.
Synonyms: wise, discerning, astute, perspicacious Scurrilous: Foul-mouthed
Antonyms: careless, foolish, ignorant, stupid Synonyms: Abusive, indecent, lewd, obscene, ribald
Sentence: He is regarded as a wise and sagacious Antonyms: clean, polite, decent
leader. Sentence: His father was a scurrilous man of ill
Salacious: lustful repute and never honoured anywere.
Synonyms: lecherous, wanton, obscene, ribald Sedentary: Requiring sitting; desk bound
Antonyms: pure, spiritual Synonyms: inactive, stationary
Sentence: Keep your kids away from salacious fellow. Antonyms: active, energetic, mobile
Salubrious: Clean and healthy Sentence: The work at the typing institute mad him a
sedentary worker.
Synonyms: wholesome, salutary
Sedition: Rebellion against the government in power
Antonyms: insalubrious, unhealthy, unwholesome
Sentence: The promotion of salubrious hair is a
Synonyms: revolt, mutiny, insurrection, fomentation
popular issue in women’s magazine articles of this era.
Antonyms: loyalty, harmony
Sanguine: Cheerful and confidant about future
Sentence: If the banners and flags are shifted about,
sedition is afoot.
Synonyms: optimistic, bullish, hopeful
Sedulous: Diligent; Assiduous
Antonyms: despondent, pessimistic, depressed,
despairing Synonyms: meticulous, industrious, punctilious,
Antonyms: inactive, languid, lethargic

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Vocabulary
Sentence: You must be a sedulous student if you want Synonyms: unkempt, sloppy, disheveled
to memorize new vocabulary. Antonyms: clean, ordered, organized
Senility: Mental weakness caused due to old age Sentence: The church ways are kept in a very
slovenly manner.
Synonyms: dotage, infirmity, decrepitude Solicitous: Showing attention or concern
Antonyms: adolescence, childhood, infancy, youth
Sentence: His somewhat senile mind was striving for (SSC CGL 2010)
forgotten memories. Synonyms: considerate, thoughtful, interested
Sepulcher: grave; tomb Antonyms: unafraid, unworried
Synonyms: vault, mausoleum, crypt Sentence: He seems to be solicitous about his friend's
Sentence: The sepulcher of Emperor Akbar is at health.
Fatehpur Sikri Spasmodic: sporadic; periodic
Sequester: To set apart Synonyms: intermittent, fitful, erratic, irregular
Synonyms: separate, isolate, seclude Antonyms: resting, uninterrupted
Antonyms: combine, unite, join Sentence: His spasmodic study cause of his failure
Sentence: In some cases this could be larger than the in the examination.
amount of carbon sequestered in trees. Specious: Seeming right or true but actually wrong
Serenity: The quality or state of being calm
Synonyms: sangfroid, placidity, tranquility Synonyms: misleading, deceptive, fallacious, sophistic,
Antonyms: agitation, disruption, excitement, trouble casuistic
Sentence: The only hotel of us asked the royal Antonyms: real, true, valid, credible
Caribbean crystal serenity last. Sentence: In my opinon he has no command over
Sinuous: Bending; winding subject. His boasting has a good teacher is wholly
specious.
Synonyms: circuitous, serpentine, meandering
Antonyms: straight, untwisted, unwinding Splenetic: Bad tempered and angry
Sentence: The mountanious course of a river is Synonyms: peevish, cross, fretful, petulant, irascible
sinuous . Antonyms: kind, peaceful
Slander: Defamation Sentence: Normally sweet and kind, she had a
splenetic side that occasionally showed itself.
Synonyms: calumny, libel, aspersion, vilification,
disparagement Sporadic: On and off
Antonyms: applaud, approve, commend, exalt Synonyms: intermittent, irregular, occasional,
Sentence: Let us not slander our intelligence to that spasmodic
degree. Antonyms: constant, continuous
Sleight: Skilled; dexterity Sentence: Flowers grown in different soils show
sporadic growth spurts.
Synonyms: adroitness, deftness, nimbleness
Antonyms: innocence, honesty Spurious: Counterfeit
Sentence: Sleight of hand magic has won him (SSC CGL 2010)
numerous awards all over the country. Synonyms: Deceptive, false, fake, unreal
Sloth: lazy and unwilling to work Antonyms: authentic, genuine, real, true
Synonyms: lethargy, torpidity, indolence, lassitude Sentence: His claim of success with the cheerleader
was spurious.
Antonyms: active, diligent, hard working, industrious
Sentence: Sloth is his habit. Spurn: To reject or refuse in a proud way
Slovenly: Careless; untidy

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Synonyms: despise, disdain, scorn, repudiate Succinct: Concise
Antonyms: embrace, want, welcome Synonyms: brief, pithy, compact, laconic, terse
Sentence: Industry is still spurned by the young - or Antonyms: lengthy, wordy, verbose
is it by the parents of the young? Sentence: This is necessary to keep the overall
Squander: Waste document succinct.
(SSC CGL 2010) Succor: To help or assist
Synonyms: prodigal, dissipate, lavish, scatter Synonyms: aid, support
Antonyms: concise, economy Antonyms: hindrance, obstruction
Sentence: The officer squandered the money Sentence: Helicopters fly in appalling weather to
reserved in the department. succor shipwrecked mariners.
Stentorian: Loud and powerful Succulent: Juicy
Synonyms: Strident, blaring, raucous, sonorous Synonyms: luscious, pulpy, delectable, palatable
Antonyms: soft, weak Antonyms: dry
Sentence: Stentorian voice, to keep everyone in order. Sentence: It seemed to be longer and more succulent
Stolid: Not showing much emotion and interest here than anywhere else in the field.
Sully: To soil; stain; tarnish
Synonyms: impassive, apathetic, phlegmatic, placid Synonyms: besmirch, taint, blemish, contaminate, defile
Antonyms: aware, intelligent, interested Antonyms: clean
Sentence: An idle student has always stolid nature Sentence: She claimed they were sullying the
regarding industry. Congress party’s good name.
Strident: harsh-sounding; shrill Sumptuous: Involving great expense
Synonyms: Grating, vociferous, raucous, jarring, Synonyms: lavish, luxurious, opulent, extravagant, lush
dissonant Antonyms: mean, poor, wanting
Antonyms: low, mild, moderate, soft Sentence: To maintain a luxurious car is not
Sentence: The last election campaign seemed to me sumptuous for a wealthy business man.
to be too strident. Supercilious: Disdainful or contemptuous
Stupor: Unconscious and unable to act or think
(SSC Auditor 2005)
normally
Synonyms: haughty, arrogant, condescending, snobbish
Synonyms: daze, torpor, coma, lethargy
Antonyms: humble, modest
Antonyms: consciousness, sensibility, sensitive, feeling
Sentence: Her eyebrows were arched in supercilious
Sentence: In larger doses it causes stupor, coma and surprise.
convulsions.
Supine: Lying on back; prostate
Subservient: behaving like a slave
Synonyms: Recumbent
Synonyms: servile, deferential, docile, acquiescent
Sentence: During treatment, patients lay supine on
Antonyms: controlling, domineering the treatment couch for around 3 hrs.
Sentence: The trouble is, I’m not really suited to hotel Surfeit: Surplus; profusion
work, and I’m just not subservient enough.
Synonyms: abundance, glut, overdose
Subterfuge: deception
Antonyms: lack, need, necessity, want
Synonyms: Artifice, trickery, guile, chicanery, sophistry,
Sentence: In other words, there is a huge shortage of
fraudulence
money and a vast surfeit of debt.
Antonyms: candor, frankness, honesty, innocence
Surmise: To guess; conjecture
Sentence: He speaks as he sees, without political
Synonyms: speculate, infer
subterfuge.
Antonyms: calculation, knowledge, measurement

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Vocabulary
Sentence: There is so little to go on, we can only Tedium: a state of boredom or monotony
surmise what happened.
Surreptitious: Clandestine; private, hidden Synonyms: boredom, tediousness, dullness
Antonyms: amusement, animation
Synonyms: Covert, secret, stealthy, furtive, concealed Sentence: Scientists are arguing that tedium is good
Antonyms: open, public, candid for your brain.
Sentence: He made a surreptitious entrance to the Temerity: boldness; rashness
club through the little door in the brick wall.
T Synonyms: boldness, brass, carelessness, daring,
effrontery, foolhardiness
Taciturn: habitually silent; talking little
Antonyms: care, caution
Sentence: The temerity of Ram to propose worngly
Synonyms: silent, uncommunicative, reticent, quiet cuased his punishment.
Antonyms: communicative, fluent, talkative, wordy, Tempestuous: stormy; violent; impassioned
Garrulous
Sentence: He was as grave and taciturn as some
cave-keeping anchorite. Synonyms: agitated, blustering, boisterous, excited,
furious, gusty, heated
Taint: contaminate; cause to lose purity
Antonyms: calm, gentle, mild, moderate
Sentence: The moon had been up for some time, but
Synonyms: defect, flaw, pollute, poison had been quite concealed by tempestuous clouds.
Antonyms: cleanliness, perfection Tensile: capable of being stretched
Sentence: Let us remove the taint which poisons the
Synonyms: adjustable, bending, ductile, elastic,
very spring of our religious thought.
extensible, extensile, flexile
Taper: very thin candle; gradual decrease in the
Antonyms: brittle, inflexible, resistant, rigid, stiff,
width of a long object unbendable
Sentence: Tensile wires permit a larger spacing
Synonyms: abate, dwindle, fade, lessen between posts.
Antonyms: go up, increase, rise, enhance, enlarge, Tepid: lukewarm; slightly warm
extend
Sentence: Slowly taper off into retirement income and
Synonyms: apathetic, disinterested, halfhearted,
that long good night.
indifferent, languid, mild, moderate
Tardy: slow; not on time
Antonyms: cold, hot, agog, arctic, ardent, avid,
Synonyms: dawdling, delayed, dilatory, sluggish benumbed, bitter, bleak, chill
Antonyms: early, on time, prompt, punctual, ready Sentence: Use only tepid water and a micro-fiber cloth
Sentence: Of course there will be exceptions when to clean mirrors.
you have no choice but to be tardy. Therapeutic: curative
Tawdry: cheap and gaudy Synonyms: curative, healing, corrective, remedial
Antonyms: adverse, damaging, deleterious, detrimental,
Synonyms: crude, flaring, flashy, flaunting, garish, harmful, infectious, injurious
gaudy Sentence: On several occasions interviewees told me
Antonyms: nice, sophisticated that they found the interviews therapeutic.
Sentence: Granite, or marble, or bronze would seem Thermal: pertaining to heat; producing heat
tawdry addition to those sublime altars of humanity.

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Synonyms: heated, hot, scorching against tyrany.
Antonyms: cool, temperate Tirade: long angry denunciatory speech
Sentence: The thermal cameras will also pick up any
changes in temperature. Synonyms: anger, berating, censure, condemnation,
Thespian: pertaining to drama diatribe, harangue, invective
Antonyms: calm, harmony, peace
Synonyms: artist, character, entertainer, star Sentence: The customer responded with a verbal
Antonyms: normal, ordinary, undramatic tirade directed at the manager’s foreign origin.
Sentence: Her success in school play convinced her Titillate: tickle; excite pleasantly
that she was destined for a thespian career.
Thrifty: careful about money; economical Synonyms: amuse, arouse, stimulate
Antonyms: disenchant, repulse, turn off
Synonyms: conserving, frugal, mean, parsimonious Sentence: Titillate the curiosity of a medieval
Antonyms: extravagant, spendthrift, uneconomical, audience.
wasteful Torpor: lethargy; sluggishness
Sentence: The children of the rich are privileged, but
many who do not carry a balance on their cards are
Synonyms: apathy, disinterest, dormancy, drowsiness,
simply prudent or thrifty.
dullness, idleness, inactivity, languor
Throttle: regulate the speed of with a throttle Antonyms: ambition, ardor, attention, attentiveness,
awareness
Synonyms: smother, strangle, strangulate, suppress Sentence: During winter it enters torpor every where.
Antonyms: restore, resuscitate, revive. Torque: force producing rotation
Sentence: There’s a tiller handle with a twist throttle
similar to a motorcycle on the steering handle. Synonyms: force, revolution, turn, twist, twisting force
Thwart: block or hinder Sentence: For the angular momentum principle, the
change in angular momentum is equal to the net torque.
Synonyms: baffle, balk, check, circumvent, curb Torrent: rushing stream
Antonyms: aid, assist, encourage, forward, help
Sentence: Working to thwart departments is working Synonyms: deluge, downpour, effusion, flood
against yourself. Antonyms: dribble, drip, drought, trickle
Timidity: lack of self-confidence or courage Sentence: Half of the country was affected badly by
torrent.
Synonyms: bashfulness, quiet, reserve Tortuous: winding; full of curves
Antonyms: assurance, audacity, backbone, boldness,
bravery
Synonyms: circuitous, convoluted, crooked, curved
Sentence: You must lose your timidity for your
successful future. Antonyms: direct, linear, simple, straight
Timorous: fearful; timid; demonstrating fear Sentence: The calculations can be complicated by the
tortuous accounting used to calculate the private-equity
industry’s returns.
Synonyms: apprehensive, faint, fainthearted, fearful,
Tractable: easily managed
hesitant, meek, shrinking
Antonyms: bold, brazen
Sentence: A timorous person never raises voice Synonyms: acquiescent, complaisant, controllable,

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 Intelligent Academy’s
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docile, facile Synonyms: adversity, affliction, ordeal, distress
Antonyms: balky, contrary, contumacious, defiant, Antonyms: alleviation, assuagement, comfort,
determined, disobedient consolation, relief, solace
Sentence: The narrowing of focus allowed Sentence: Divine inspiration, alas, has given way to
concentration on problems that were more legal tribulation.
tractable and applicable. Trifling: trivial; unimportant
Transcribe: copy; write a copy of Synonyms: dabble, dally, dawdle
Synonyms: copy out, duplicate Antonyms: active, all-important
Sentence: Please transcribe what was taught in the Sentence: Yet the difference in age was trifling, and
class. in education slight.
Transparent: permitting light to pass through freely Trinket: cheap jewelry

(SSC T.A. 2004)

Synonyms: knickknack, bauble
Synonyms: cellophane, clear, diaphanous, glassy,
Sentence: The prize is a cheap trinket, worth far less
gossamer
than the money you paid for it.
Antonyms: ambiguous, clouded, cloudy
Trite: common place
Sentence: It is transparent, with no obvious colours
(SSC CGL 2010)
except for some small brownish spots.
Synonyms: banal, common, hackneyed
Transitory: transient; impermanent
Antonyms: absorbing, animating, energizing, engaging,
engrossing, exciting, extraordinary
Synonyms: impermanent, Ephemeral, Evanescent, Sentence: Under the first scratch of the surface the
transient, fleeting topic of network cables appears to be trite.
Antonyms: continuing, deathless, durable, endless, Truculence: aggressiveness; ferocity
enduring
Synonyms: aggression, attack, bellicose, belligerence
Sentence: Senate opposition to this treaty or to some
similar agreement is probably transitory. Antonyms: affability, amenability, amiability, amicability
Sentence: Economists predict that greed will quickly
Travail: strenuous work; labor of childbirth
wear down foreign investors’ truculence.
Turgid: swollen; distended (as from liquid)
Synonyms: agony, anguish, childbirth, drudgery,
exertion, suffering
Synonyms: bloated, distended, inflated, puffy
Antonyms: alleviation, amusement, assuagement,
Antonyms: collapsed, deflated, healthy
comfort, consolation
Sentence: Students are smart enough to see the Sentence: The canvas was much too broad and turgid,
pressures under which their faculty mentors travail. the details too numerous and complex.

Trepidation: fear; nervous apprehension Turmoil: great commotion and confusion

Synonyms: agitation, apprehension Synonyms: anxiety, commotion, confusion, disquietude

Antonyms: calm, happiness, confidence, courage Antonyms: calm, ease, orderliness, peacefulness,
quietude, tranquility
Sentence: The public views issues involving genetic
research with a combined sense of excitement, awe Sentence: The resignation of the director brouth
and trepidation. turmoil in the office.

Tribulation: suffering Turpitude: depravity; baseness

Synonyms: corruption, debasement, debauchery,
immorality, improbity, lewdness

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Antonyms: goodness, morality, righteousness, virtue, Sentence: Trustees are a university’s ultimate decision
probity makers.
Sentence: The congress party has been defamed due Umbrage: resentment; anger; sense of injury or
do moral turpitude of leaders. insult
Tutelage: guardianship; training; instruction Synonyms: anger, annoyance, chagrin, exasperation,
fury, grudge, irritation
Synonyms: apprenticeship, care, coaching, custody, Antonyms: happiness, like, love, pleasure, calm, forbear,
guidance, instruction quiet
Antonyms: ignorance Sentence: It is a risky thing to stand against such a
Sentence: Many trappers today started the activity as near-universal outpouring of moral umbrage
schoolboys under the tutelage of a father, brother, Unanimity: Complete agreement
relative or neighbor.
Typhoon: tropical hurricane or cyclone Synonyms: accord, concord, concurrence, consensus,
consent, harmony, unison, unity
Synonyms: cyclone, hurricane, storm, tornado, twister Antonyms: disagreement, disharmony, disunity
Sentence: The global financial typhoon caused many Sentence: He has this funny idea that agreement is
economies financially. weak. necessary to achieve political goals, and that
Tyro: beginner; novice unanimity is preferred.
Synonyms: amateur, apprentice, learner, neophyte Unctuous:oily; bland; insincerely suave
Antonyms: expert, master, old hand, professional, Synonyms: fatty, greasy, oleaginous, slick
veteran Antonyms: blunt
Sentence: In fact, the tyro in military matters knows Sentence: That clerk always speaks in the tones of
where the fault lies. unctuous to any officer.
Undermine: weaken gradually; sap
U
Ubiquitous: being everywhere; omnipresent
Synonyms: attenuate, debilitate, eat away, enfeeble,
erode
Synonyms: all-over, everywhere, omnipresent,
Antonyms: strengthen, bolster
pervasive, universal
Sentence: Unemployment continues to rise, which
Antonyms: rare, scarce
could undermine consumer confidence.
Sentence: On the downcast, rainy day the fog was
Undulating: moving with a wavelike motion
ubiquitous.
Ulterior: intentionally hidden; beyond what is evident
Synonyms: oscillate, surge, swell, swing, wave
Antonyms: hold, persist, remain, stay
Synonyms: ambiguous, concealed, covert, cryptic, dark,
enigmatic, hidden, implied, obscure Sentence: The bumpy country road wound deeper into
the scrubland until at last an undulating shape appeared
Antonyms: expressed, known, overt, public
in the distance.
Sentence: If you do well, people will accuse you of
ulterior motives. Do well anyway. Unearthly - not earthly; supernatural
Ultimate: final; not susceptible to further analysis
Synonyms: abnormal, absurd, appalling, demoniac,
Synonyms: conclusive, decisive, end, eventual, Weird, eerie, ethereal, extraordinary
extreme, far out, farthermost, farthest Antonyms: earthly, natural, physical
Antonyms: beginning, first, introductory, opening Sentence: Sunrise and sunset turned the sky to an
unearthly flame of many colors above the vast water.

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Unfledged: not having the feathers necessary to fly disordered
Antonyms: kempt, neat, tidy, trim, clean
Synonyms: callow, fledgling, immature Sentence: Some people are concerned that riparian
Antonyms: adult, advanced, experienced vegetation will look unkempt.
Sentence: The vehicle closures are temporary and will Unruly: disobedient; lawless; difficult to control
last as long as there are unfledged plover chicks in the
area. Synonyms: acquiescent, agreeable, amiable,
Ungainly:Awkward in movement; clumsy; unwieldy Antonyms: assertive, bawdy, disorderly, fractious,
headstrong, imprudent
Synonyms: awkward, gawky, graceless, lumbering Sentence: While such an unruly style defies imitation,
Antonyms: agile, coordinated, graceful it surely inspires the essence of relaxation.
Sentence: It was an ungainly craft that creaked and Upbraid: reprimand; severely scold
groaned in flight. Synonyms: admonish, berate, blame, castigate,
Unguent: ointment censure, chastise
Synonyms: balm, cerate, cream, emollient, lotion, Antonyms: abet, applaud, approve, cheer, countenance,
lubricant, ointment encourage, endorse, extol
Sentence: They anointed the fingers with some Sentence: It is better to advice than upbraid, for the
unguent, and lighted them. one corrects the erring; the other only convicts them.
Unimpeachable: that cannot be impeached Urbane: suave; refined in manner; elegant

Synonyms: clean, faultless, impeccable, inculpable, Synonyms: civil, courteous, cultivated, cultured,
irreproachable, spotless debonair, elegant, genteel, gracious
Antonyms: Blamable, impeachable, culpable Antonyms: uncivilized, uncouth, unsophisticated
Sentence: To cherish these loyalties, to make popular Sentence: He was a good insurance broker, urbane
these ideals, the world needs men and women of and vigorous, and he could sell.
unimpeachable character. Utopia: ideal place, state, or society
Unison: unity of pitch; complete accord

Synonyms: Elysian Fields, Garden of Eden, bliss,

Synonyms: accord, agreement, alliance, concord, dreamland, fairyland, heaven
conjunction, consent Antonyms: hell
Antonyms: discord, disharmony, conflict, contention, Sentence: Amit would have liked to run off to some
contest, controversy, disagreement
imaginary utopia.
Sentence: Pole and line fishing with six poles working
in unison. V
Universal: Characterizing or affecting all; present Vacillate: waver; fluctuate; sway to and fro
everywhere
Synonyms: all-inclusive, all-over, astronomical, broad, Synonyms: alternate, fluctuate
catholic, celestial, comprehensive Antonyms: adhere, continue, persist
Antonyms: confined, local, partial, particular Sentence: He seems to vacillate between regret and
Sentence: It is under this guise only that the product arrogance about the position he is in.
has been bonded for universal export. Vagabond: wanderer; tramp
Unkempt: disheveled; uncared for in appearance Synonyms: aimless, itinerant
Antonyms: immobile, motionless, nonmoving, static,
Synonyms: dirty, disarranged, disarrayed, disheveled, stationary, still

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Sentence: Vagabond students have no time anywhere
for practice Synonyms: motley, multicolor
Vainglorious: boastful; excessively conceited Antonyms: achromatic, colorless, decolorized, dull,
Synonyms: arrogant, blowing one’s own horn, boasting, faded, faint, monochromatic
bragging, haughty, Sentence: Grows in sun or shade, but variegated types
Antonyms: bashful, demure, diffident, down-to-earth, show better color in full sun.
egoless, humble Vehement: forceful; intensely emotional
Sentence: He has always come across as deeply
untrustworthy and extremely vainglorious.
Synonyms: angry, ardent
Valedictory: pertaining to farewell
Antonyms: abated, alleviated, calm
Sentence: Some letters include vehement protests
(SSC CGL 2010) against any reduction in the sentence imposed by judge
Synonyms: departing, final, goodbye, last, terminal or jury.
Antonyms: inaugural, welcoming Velocity: speed
Sentence: He began his valedictory in a low voice, Synonyms: acceleration, celerity, hurry, impetus,
all were mourned. momentum, pace
Vanguard: forerunners Antonyms: languidness, languor, lateness, leisureliness
Sentence: Speed sensors and an accelerometer
Synonyms: front, lead, leaders, leading measure its velocity and a gyroscope controls
Antonyms: establishment, old guard, rear equilibrium and direction.
Sentence: With smart power, diplomacy will be the Venal: capable of being bribed
vanguard of our foreign policy.
Vantage: position giving an advantage Synonyms: amoral, corrupt, dishonest, immoral,
mercenary
Antonyms: ethical, generous, good, honest, incorrupt,
Synonyms: aid, assistance, convenience
incorruptible, moral
Antonyms: disability, disadvantage
Sentence: Venal politician is never honoured any
Sentence: Already, their distance gives these probes where.
a unique vantage point-a bird’s-eye view of the solar
system. Venerable: deserving high respect
Vapid: lacking liveliness; dull and unimaginative
Synonyms: admirable, dignified, esteemed, honorable
Synonyms: boring, flavorless, insipid Antonyms: bad, base, contemptible, despicable,
Antonyms: lively, sharp, spicy, strong detestable, dirty
Sentence: Labour hired the hall and plastered its Sentence: They could be seen in a venerable set of
windows with its vapid campaign slogan, forward not drawings provided by the collection.
back. Venial: (of a fault or sin) forgivable; trivial
Vaporize: turn into vapour
Synonyms: forgivable, justifiable, minor
Synonyms: dissipate, volatize Antonyms: abominable, evil, heinous, indefensible,
Antonyms: assemble, constitute inexcusable
Sentence: Even when you get to the boiling point, you Sentence: In fact, it’s not the great but the venial sins
would have to keep adding energy to vaporize the steel. that you think of with horror when you’ve read this
Variegated: many colored book.

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Veracious: (of a person) truthful
Synonyms: alert, attentive, cautious, circumspect
Synonyms: faithful, frank, genuine, honest Antonyms: absent, absentminded, careless
Antonyms: bluffing, careless, corrupt, corrupted, Sentence: It has to be vigilant against malicious rumors
deceitful, deceptive and outside interference.
Sentence: A veracious politician can fight for Vilify: slander; speak evil of
soverignty and integrity of the country.
Verbose: wordy Synonyms: abuse, asperse, berate, calumny
Synonyms: garrulous, loquacious Antonyms: compliment, praise, acclaim, admire, adore,
Antonyms: abbreviated, abridged, brief, compact, applaud
compendious Sentence: The attempt to vilify him in any way has
Sentence: We had to make some major cuts in his fallen flat.
speech as it was too verbose. Vindicate: clear from blame; free from blame
Verdant: green; covered with green plants or grass;
lush in vegetation (SSC T.A. 2004)
Synonyms: flourishing, fresh, grassy, leafy, lush, Synonyms: absolve, acquit
verdurous
Antonyms: accuse, arraign,
Antonyms: arid, barren
Sentence: He owed the publisher a popular book and
Sentence: Lots of eucalyptus and oak and flowers he apparently feels no need to vindicate himself.
make the place verdant and lush.
Vindictive: disposed to revenge; vengeful
Verisimilitude: appearance of truth

(SSC CGL 2011)

Synonyms: credibility, genuineness
Synonyms: avenging, rancorous, relentless, resentful
Antonyms: falseness, untruth
Antonyms: altruistic, benevolent, benign
Sentence: The mirage is verisimilitude.
Sentence: Criticism is silently belittled as political
Vernacular: language spoken in a country or region disagreement, a settling of scores, as vindictive
Virtuoso: highly skilled artist (esp. in music)
Synonyms: common, dialectal, domesticated
Antonyms: formal, genteel, grammatical
Synonyms: ace, adept, artist, authority, champion
Sentence: We are literally developing a new
Antonyms: amateur, amateurish, artless, beginning,
vernacular, a new language, for communication.
Sentence: Broad, loose strokes of the brush are applied
Vertigo: severe dizziness; giddiness with virtuoso flair.
Vituperative: abusive; scolding
Synonyms: disequilibrium, giddiness, lightheadedness, Synonyms: castigating, censorious, defamatory,
shakiness, spinning head, unsteadiness, derisive, disparaging, insolent, insulting
Sentence: The genomic revolution has induced a kind Antonyms: civil, courteous, deferential, encomiastic
of moral vertigo.
Sentence: The brief accompanying the motion is
Victuals: food; provisions noteworthy for its vituperative and uncivil language
Synonyms: bread, comestibles, eatables, edibles Vivacious: lively or animated
Antonyms: bane, poison, toxin, venom Synonyms: active, animated, frolicsome, full of life, gay,
Sentence: They run largely to forays for victuals and happy
fights with other aggressive animals. Antonyms: apathetic, boring, defunct, depressed,
Vigilant: watchful; watchfully awake dispirited, dour

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Sentence: Aishwarya is a vivacious model. Voluble: talkative
Vociferous: clamorous Synonyms: bigmouthed, chatty, garrulous, fluent, glib
Antonyms: reticent, taciturn, untalkative
(SSC CGL 2012) Sentence: They’re not voluble, and so that’s all taken
Synonyms: boisterous, loud-mouthed, noisy, against them.
obstreperous, shouting Voluminous: having great volume
Antonyms: calm, noiseless, quiet, silent
Sentence: The over vociferous anti-drug people have Synonyms: abundant, ample, bulky, capacious,
a long history of exaggeration and lies. comprehensive, copious
Volatile: changeable; mercurial Antonyms: dwarf, infinitesimal, Lilliputian, little,
Sentence: Paper filing systems can become
Synonyms: buoyant, capricious, effervescent, voluminous, and are not cost effective to duplicate or
ephemeral, erratic, fleeting, flighty distribute.
Antonyms: certain, constant, dependable, durable, Vulnerable: susceptible to wounds or attack
immutable, invariable,
Sentence: The situation is volatile and colored by a Synonyms: accessible, assailable, defenseless, exposed
history of racism in the city and throughout our nation. Antonyms: covered, defendable, defensible
Volition: act of using one’s will Sentence: It is a vulnerable bridge.
Vulpine: like a fox; crafty
Synonyms: accord, choice, choosing, determination, Synonyms: clever, crafty, cunning, foxy, ingenious,
election, preference shrewdness, skillful, tricky, wily
Antonyms: coercion, compulsion, constraint, duress, Antonyms: naive, unclever, unintelligent
duty, force, Sentence: And with his sharp, vulpine features and
Sentence: Everyone who participates in a fight should air of generalized furtiveness, he stirs up suspicion and
do so by their own volition. hostility wherever he goes.

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2. SPELLING OF WORDS

Rule 1. Words ending in a consonant preceded by two vowels do not double the final consonant
before a suffix beginning with a vowel; as—
boor + ish = boorish meet + ing = meeting
cook + ing = cooking repeat + able = repeatable
cool + ing = cooling shout + ed = shouted
look + ing = looking teem + ing = teeming
Rule. 2 Words ending in silent E usually drop the silent E before addding vowel suffix
(e.g., -ing, -able, -ous); as—
Drop - e
admire + ation = admiration desire + ous = desirous
admire + able = admirable divide + ing = dividing
allure + ing = alluring dine + ing = dining
arrange + ing = arranging explore + ation = exploration
arrive + ing = arriving fame + ous = famous
become + ing = becoming give + ing = giving
care + ing = caring hope + ing = hoping
come + ing = coming imagine + ary = imaginary
compare + able = comparable imagine + able = imaginable
deplore + able = deplorable live + ing = living
love + able = lovable name + ing = naming
lose + ing = losing note + ed = noted
move + able = movable

• The e is retained when a suffix beginning with a consonant letter (e.g., -ment, -ful) is added.
Retain -e
arrange + ment = arrangement hate + ful = hateful
care + ful + careful like + ness = likeness
extreme + ly = extremely lone + ly = lonely
force + ful = forceful move + ment = movement
• After c or g, if the suffix begins with a or o, the e is retained to indicate the soft sound of c or g.
(e.g., -ous, -able)
Retain -e
advantage + ous = advantageous outrage + ous = outrageous
change + able = changeble peace + able = peaceable
courage + ous = courageous service + able = serviceable
manage + able = manageable trace + able = traceable
Rule 3.Words ending with ee or oo add suffixes without change; as
Agree + able = agreeable glee + ful = gleeful
Coo + ing = cooing see + ing = seeing

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Flee + ing = fleeing woo + ing = wooing
Rule 4. When a suffix that begins with a consonant is added to a word that ends in silent e, the e is,
with a few exceptions, retained; as—
• When the suffix -ly is added to an adjective that ends in silent e, the e is usually retained.
entire + ly = entirely nice + ly = nicely
false + ly = falsely polite + ly = politely
fine + ly = finely safe + ly = safely
late + ly = lately sure + ly = surely
• Exceptions to the retention of e when -ly is added:
true + ly = truly whole + ly = wholly
• If the adjective ends in -le, the -le is dropped when the suffix -ly is added.
gentle + ly = gently; noble + ly = nobly; idle + ly = idly
• The -le is also dropped from adjectives ending in -able and ible when the suffix -ly is added.
comfortable + ly = comfortably pleasurable + ly = pleasurably
fashionable + ly = fashionably sensible + ly = sensibly
forcible + ly = forcibly honourable + ly = honourably
• When the suffix - tion is used to form a noun from a verb ending in silent e after t, the letters te
are dropped.
associate + tion = association create + tion = creation
celebrate + tion = celebration dictate + tion = dictation
communicate + tion = communication frustrate + tion = frustration
complete + tion = tion completion pollute + tion = pollution
• When the suffix is added to a noun ending in silent e to make an adjective, the e is dropped.
bone +y = bony smoke +y = smoky
ease +y = easy snake +y = snaky
ice +y = icy stone +y = stony
noise +y = noisy taste + y = tasty
• When the suffixes - ful, -hood, -less and -ment are added, the e is retained.
hope + ful = hopeful wire + less = wireless
use + ful = useful advertise + ment = advertisement
false + hood = falsehood amaze + ment = amazement
care + less = careless amuse + ment = amusement
home + less = homeless announce + ment = announcement
hope + less = hopeless tire + less = tireless
excite + ment = excitement use + less = useless
Note– When ment is added to judge, acknowledge and abridge two spelling are generally accepted:
judge + ment = judgment, or judgement
acknowledge + ment = acknowledgment or acknowledgement
abridge + ment = abridgment or abridgement
Rule 5. Words ending in two or more consonants usually remain unchanged when a suffix is added;
as—
call + ed = called roll + ing = rolling
till + ed = tilled will + ed = willed

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pull + ed = pulled thrill + ing = thrilling
shell + ed = shelled toll + ing = tolling
Rule 6. When a word of one syllable ends in a single vowel and a single consonant, the consonant
is usually doubled when a suffix with a vowel is added; as—
• Comparative and superlative suffixes, -er, and -est
big bigger biggest sad sadder saddest
hot hotter hottest thin thinner thinnest
• The suffix -er, meaning ‘person or thing that does something’
cut + er = cutter run + er = runner
hit + er = hitter sin + er = sineer
rub + er = rubber swim + er = swimmer
• The suffix -ing, present participle and gerund
bid bidding drag dragging
brag bragging get getting
cram cramming plan planning
cut cutting run running
dig digging sin sinning
din dinning sit sitting
• The suffix -ed, past tense and past participle
beg begged map mapped
drag dragged rag ragged
drop dropped rub rubbed
fit fitted sin sinned
hop hopped strap strapped
• The suffix -y, making adjective from nouns
fog foggy mud muddy
fun funny sun sunny
Rule7. In a word of one syllable, the final consonant is not doubled before a suffix beginning with
a consonant; as—
fat fatness man manhood
fit fitful sad sadness
glad gladness sin sinful
Rule 8. • Words of more than one syllable, ending in a single consonant preceded by a single
vowel, if accented on the last syllable, usually double the final consonant before adding a vowel suffix;
as—
admit admitted admitting admittance
control controlled controlling controller
regret regretted regretting regrettable
forbid forbidden forbidding
forget forgotten forgetting
prefer preferred preferring
prefer preferred preferring

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• When adding a suffix in words of more than one syllable, the accent is shifted to a preceding
syllable, the foregoing rule does not apply.
infer inference combat combative

excel, excellence, excellent

• In words of more than one syllable, the final consonant is not doubled before a suffix beginning
with a consonant; as—
equip equipment profit profitless
regret regretful unfit unfitness
• The final consonant is not doubled if the stress in on the first syllable and if the verb ends in -en
or -er, as—
happen happened happening
listen listened listener
open opened opener
offer offered offering
• The final consonant is doubled if the stress in on the first syllable of the verb ... if it ends in -al,
-el or -il; as—
cancel cancelled cancellation
equal equalled equalling
level levelled leveller
pedal pedalled pedalling
travel travelled traveller
parallel paralleled
• If the stress is on the first syllable, and if the verb ends in -ap or -ip, the final consonant is
doubled; as—
kidnap kidnapped kidnapper
worship worshipped worshipper
Rule 9. Words of more than one syllable, ending in a single consonant preceded by a single vowel
if not accented on the last syllable, usually do not double the final consonant before a suffix beginning
with a vowel; as as —
bigot – bigoted; despot – despotic – despotic; redden — reddened; rivet – riveted.
handicap – handicapped; outfit – outfitted
Rule 10. When a verb ends in y with a consonant preceding it, the y becomes i before the suffixes -es
and -ed. They y remains unchanged before the suffix-ing; as—
bury buries buried burying
carry carries carried carrying
copy copies copied copying
defy defies defied defying
deny denies denied denying
hurry hurries hurried hurrying
marry marries married marrying
multiply multiplies multiplied multiplying
pity pities pitied pitying
rely relies relied relying

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reply replies replied replying
satisfy satisfies satisfied satisfying
study studies studied studying
try tries tried trying
Rule 11. If a verb ends in y with a vowel preceding, the y generally remains unchanged before the
ending -s, ed and -ing; as—
annoy annoys annoyed annoying
destroy destroys destroyed destroying
enjoy enjoys enjoyed enjoying
obey obeys obeyed obeying
play plays played playing
pray prays prayed praying
stay stays stayed staying
lay lays laid laying
pay pays paid paying
say says said saying
Rule 12. If the suffix -ing is added to verbs ending in ie, the i becomes y and the e is omitted; as—
die dies died dying
lie lies lied lying
tie ties tied tying
Rule 13. When a noun or adjective ends in y with a consonant preceding the y usually becomes i
when a suffix is added ; as—
dry, drier, driest, drily; happy, happier, happiest, happily, happiness; pity, pitiful, pitiless; plenty, plentiful;
plentiful; tidy, tidier, tidiest, tidily, tidiness; twenty, twentieth.
Rule 14. Words ending in y preceded by a consonant use i instead of y before additions other than
those beginning with i; as—
beauty beautiful happy happiness
deny denial justify justifies
fly flier study studious
Rule 15. Words ending in n do not drop the n before adding the suffix -ness; as—
clean cleanness green greenness
Rule 16. If the adjective ends in l, the adverb formed by adding ly will contain two l’s immediately
before the y; as—
cool coolly final finally
formal formally hopeful hopefully
real really useful usefully
Rule 17. If the adjective does not end in l, the adverb formed by adding ly will contain only one l
immediately before the y; as—
evident evidently grim grimly
fluent fluently quick quickly
Rule 18. Word ending in ll usually drop one l when compounded; as—
all + most = almost dis + till = distil
all + ready = already doubt + full = doubtful

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all + thought = although use + full = useful
all + together = altogether un + till = until
all + ways = always well + come = welcome
Rule 19. In words with ie or ei when the sound is long ee, use i before e except after c; as—
achieve chief niece shield
belief cashier piece shriek
believe field pierce siege
brief fierce priest thief
besiege grief relieve wield

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3. COMMONLY MISSPELLED WORDS

• Abbreviation • Aesthetic
• Abscess • Affect
• Absence • Affiliation
• Abysmal • Afforestation
• Accessible • Aggravate
• Accessories • Aggravation
• Accommodate • Aggregate
• Accompaniment • Aggression
• Accumulate • Aggressive
• Accurate • Aghast
• Accustomed • Agnosticism
• Achieve • Agoraphobia
• Aching • Agreeable
• Acknowledge • Agreed
• Acknowledgement/ acknowledgment • Aisle
• Acquaint • Alcohol
• Acquaintance • Alfresco
• Acquiesce • Alibis
• Acquiescence • Align
• Acquire • Alignment
• Acquit • Allege
• Acquittal • Allergic
• Acreage • Alleys
• Across • Alligator
• Actual • Allocate
• Additional • Allotment
• Address • Allotted almond
• Adequate • Alms
• Adieu • Alphabetically
• Adjacent • Already
• Admittance • Although
• Admissible • Aluminium
• Adolescence • Ambiguous
• Adolescent • Amethyst
• Advantageous • Ammunition
• Advertisement • Anachronism
• Advice • Anaesthetic
• Advise • Analyse
• Aerate • Analysis
• Aerial • Anarchist

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• Ancestor • Asphyxiation
• Ancestry • Assassin
• Anemone • Assassinate
• Angrily • Assessment
• Anguish • Assistance
• Annihilate • Associate
• Annihilation • Asthma
• Anniversary • Asthmatic
• Announcement • Astrakhan
• Annulled • Atheist
• Annulment • Atrocious
• Anonymous • Attendant
• Anorak • Attitude
• Answered • Aborigine
• Antarctic • Auburn
• Antibiotic • Auctioneer
• Antithesis • Audible
• Anxiety • Aural
• Apartheid • Automatic
• Apologize • Autumn
• Appalling • Awful
• Apparently • Awkward
• Appearance B
• Appendicitis • Bachelor
• Appreciate • Bagatelle
• Approval • Baggage
• Aquarium • Bailiff
• Aquiline • Ballast
• Arbiter • Ballerina
• Arbitrary • Banana
• Arbitration • Banister
• Archaeology • Bankruptcy
• Architectural • Banquet
• Arctic • Barbecue
• Arguably • Barometer
• Arrangement • Barrister
• Arrival • Basically
• Artichoke • Basis
• Ascend • Battalion
• Ascent • Bazaar
• Asphalt • Beautiful
• Asphyxiate • Befriend

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Vocabulary
• Beguile • Bruise
• Behaviour • Brusque
• Beleaguer • Buccaneer
• Belief • Buddhist
• Believe • Budding
• Belligerent • Budgerigar
• Benefited • Budgeted
• Bequeath • Buffeted
• Berserk • Bulletin
• Besiege • Bumptious
• Bettered • Bungalow
• Beveled • Buoyancy
• Bewitch • Buoyant
• Bias • Bureau
• Bicycle • Bureaucracy
• Biennial • Business
• Bigamous • Buttoned
• Bigoted C
• Bilingual • Cabbage
• Biscuit • Cafeteria
• Bivouacked • Caffeine
• Blancmange • Camouflage
• Blasphemous • Campaign
• Blasphemy • Campaigned
• Bleary • Cancelled
• Blitz • Cancerous
• Bodily • Candour
• Bonfire • Cannabis
• Bootee • Cannibal
• Borough • Canvassing
• Bouquet • Capability
• Bourgeois • Capillary
• Boutique • Capitalist
• Bracketed • Caravan
• Braille • Carbohydrate
• Brassiere • Carburettor
• Breadth • Career
• Breathalyser • Caress
• Brief • Caries
• Broccoli • Carriage
• Brochure • Catalogue
• Bronchitis • Catarrh

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Cartoonist • Clique
• Cashier • Coalesce
• Cassette • Cocoa
• Castanets • Coconut
• Casualty • Coffee
• Catechism • Cognac
• Catering • Coincidence
• Cauliflower • Colander
• Cautious • Collaborate
• Ceiling • Collapsible
• Cellophane • Colleague
• Cemetery • Colonel
• Centenary • Colossal
• Centilitre • Comically
• Centimetre • Commandeer
• Centainty • Commemorate
• Champagne • Commentator
• Championed • Commercial
• Chancellor • Commiserate
• Changeable • Commission
• Channelled • Commissionaire
• Characteristic • Commitment
• Chasm • Committal
• Chauffeur • Committed
• Cheetah • Committee
• Cherish • Communicate
• Chief • Commuter
• Chilblain • Companion
• Chintz • Comparative
• Chiropody • Comparison
• Chisel • Compatibility
• Choreographer • Compelled
• Choreography • Competitive
• Chronically • Computer
• Chrysanthemum • Conceal
• Cigarette • Concealment
• Cinnamon • Conceit
• Circuitous • Conceive
• Cistern • Concession
• Civilian • Concurrent
• Claustrophobia • Concurrent
• Clientele • Concussion

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Condemned • Correspondent
• Condescend • Corridor
• Confectionery • Corroborate
• Conference • Corrugated
• Confetti • Cosmopolitan
• Congeal • Cosseted
• Congratulations • Councillor
• Conjunctivitis • Counselling
• Conned • Counterfeit
• Conniosseur • Courageous
• Conscience • Courteous
• Conscientious • Creche
• Conscious • Credible
• Consequently • Credited
• Consignment • Crematorium
• Consolation • Creosote
• Conspicuous • Crescent
• Constitute • Crisis
• Consumer • Criterion
• Contemptible • Crocheted
• Continent • Crocodile
• Continuous • Croupier
• Contraception • Crucial
• Contradictory • Crucifixion
• Controlled • Cruelly
• Controller • Cruise
• Controversial • Cryptic
• Convalesce • Cubicle
• Convenient • Cupful
• Convertible • Curable
• Conveyed • Curiosity
• Convolvulus • Curious
• Coolly • Currency
• Cooperate • Curriculum vitae
• Cooperative • Customary
• Coordinate • Cynic
• Copying • Cynicism
• Coquette • Cynosure
• Corduroy D
• Co-respondent • Dachshund
• Coronary • Daffodil
• Correspondence • Dahlia

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Dais • Detachable
• Damage • Detergent
• Dandruff • Deterred
• Darkened • Deterrent
• Debatable • Deuce
• Debauched • Develop
• Debility • Development
• Deceased • Diabetes
• Deceit • Diagnosis
• Deceive • Dialogue
• Deciduous • Diametrically
• Decipher • Diaphragmtant
• Decoyed • Disinh Diarrhoea
• Decrease • Difference
• Decreed • Different
• Defamatory • Dilapidated
• Defeat • Dilemma
• Defendant • Dilettante
• Defied • Diminish
• Definite • Diminution
• Definitely • Dinosaur
• Dehydrate • Diphtheria
• Deign • Diphthong
• Deliberate • Disadvantageous
• Delicatessen • Disagreeable
• Delicious • Disagreed
• Delinquent • Disagreement
• Delirious • Disappearance
• Demeanour • Disappeared
• Demonstrate • Disappoint
• Dencuement • Disapproval
• Denunciation • Disastrous
• Dependence • Disbelief
• Depth • Disbelieve
• Derailment • Discipline
• Dermatitis • Discotheque
• Derogatory • Discouraging
• Descend • Discourteous
• Descendant • Discrimination
• Desiccate • Discussion
• Desperate • Disease
• Detach • Disguise

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Dishevelled • Duress
• Dishonourable • Dutiful
• Disillusion • Dynamite
• Disinfec • Dysentery
• erited • Dyspepsia
• Dismissal E
• Disobeyed • Eccentric
• Disparage • Ecclesiastic
• Dispelled • Ecologically
• Disposal • Economically
• Dispossess • Ecstasy
• Dissatisfaction • Eczema
• Dissatisfy • Effective
• Dissect • Effervescence
• Dissseminate • Efficacious
• Dissent • Efficient
• Dissimilar • Effrontery
• Dissipated • Eightieth
• Dissipation • Elaborate
• Dissociate • Electrician
• Dissolute • Elevenses
• Dissuade • Eligible
• Distilled • Emancipate
• Distillery • Embarrass
• Distinguish • Embarrassment
• Distraught • Emergence
• Disuse • Emergent
• Divisible • Emoulument
• Documentary • Emotional
• Doggerel • Emphasize
• Domineering • Employee
• Donate • Emptied
• Doubt • Enable
• Dragooned • Encourage
• Drastically • Encyclopedia
• Draughty • Endeavour
• Drooled • Endurance
• Drooped • Energetically
• Drunkenness • Enervate
• Dubious • Engineer
• Dumbfounded • Enough
• Dungarees • Ensuing

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Entailed • Faeces
• Enthusiasm • Fahrenheit
• Enumerate • Fallacious
• Epilepsy • Fanatic
• Equalize • Farcical
• Equalled • Fascinate
• Equipped • Fatigue
• Erroneous • Fatuous
• Erudite • February
• Escalator • Feeler
• Escapism • Feign
• Espionage • Ferocioj
• Essence • Festooned
• Essential • Feud
• Estranged • Feudal
• Etiquette • Fevered
• Euthanasia • Fiasco
• Eventually • Fibre
• Evidently • Fictitious
• Exaggerate • Fiend
• Exaggeration • Fierce
• Exalt • Fiery
• Exasperate • Filial
• Exceed • Finesse
• Exceedingly • Flabbergasted
• Excellent • Flaccid
• Excessive • Flammable
• Exchequer • Flannelette
• Excommunicate • Fluent
• Exercise • Fluoridate
• Exhaust • Fluoride
• Exhibit • Fluoridize
• Exhilarate • Foliage
• Exorcise • Forcible
• Explanation • Foreigner
• Exquisite • Forfeit
• Extinguish • Forthwith
• Extraneous • Fortieth
• Extravagant • Fortuitous
F • Fortunately
• Fabulous • Frailty
• Facetious • Frankincense

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Fraudulent • Gnash
• Freedom • Goitre
• Freight • Gossiped
• Frequency • Government
• Friend • Graffiti
• Frolicked • Grammar
• Fuchsia • Grandeur
• Fugitive • Gratetully
• Fulfil • Gratitude
• Fulfilled • Gratuitous
• Fulfillment • Greetings
• Fullness • Gregarious
• Fulsome • Grief
• Furious • Grieve
• Furniture • Grovelled
• Furthered • Gruesome
G • Guarantee
• Gaiety • Guarantor
• Galloped • Guard
• Garrison • Guardian
• Garrotted • Guest
• Gases • Guillotine
• Gateau • Guinea
• Gauge • Guise
• Gazetter • Guitar
• Geisha • Gymkhana
• Generator • Gypsy/gipsy
• Genuine H
• Gerbil • Haemoglobin
• Gesticulate • Haemorrhage
• Ghastly • Halcyon
• Ghetto • Hallucination
• Gigantic • Hammered
• Gingham • Handfuls
• Giraffe • Handicaapped
• Glamorous • Handkerchief
• Glamour • Happened
• Glimpse • Harangue
• Global • Harass
• Gluttonous • Harlequin
• Glycerine • Haughty
• Gnarled • Hazard

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Hearse • Ideological
• Height • Idiosyncrasy
• Heightened • Ignorance
• Heinous • Illegible
• Heir • Illegitimate
• Herbaceous • Illiberal
• Hereditary • Illiterate
• Heroism • Imaginative
• Hesitate • Imitation
• Hiccup, hiccough • Immaculate
• Hideous • Immediate
• Hierarchy • Immemorial
• Hieroglyphics • Immoral
• Hijack • Immovable
• Hilarious • Impasse
• Hindrance • Impeccable
• Hippopotamus • Imperative
• Holiday • Imperceptible
• Holocaust • Imperious
• Homonym • Impetuous
• Honorary • Implacable
• Honour • Impresario
• Hooligan • Imprisoned
• Horoscope • Imprisonment
• Horrible • Inaccessible
• Horticulture • Inadmissible
• Hullabaloo • Inappropriate
• Humorous • Inaugural
• Humour • Incandescent
• Hurricane • Incessant
• Hurried • Incipient
• Hygiene • Incognito
• Hyphen • Incommunicado
• Hypnosis • Inconceivable
• Hypochondria • Incongruous
• Hypocrisy • Incontrovertible
• Hypotenuse • Incorrigible
• Hypothesis • Incredulous
• Hypothetical • Incriminate
• Hysterical • Incubator
I • Incurred
• Icicle • Indefatigable

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Indefinable • Intercept
• Indefinite • Interference
• Independence • Interior
• Independent • Intermediate
• Indescribable • Intermittent
• Indict • Interpret
• Indictment • Interpretation
• Indigenous • Interrogate
• Indigestible • Interrupt
• Indomitable • Interview
• Ineligible • Intrigue
• Inescapable • Intrinsically
• Inexcusable • Intuition
• Inexhaustible • Intuitive
• Infallible • Invariably
• Infatuated • Inveigle
• Inferred • Inveterate
• Infinitive • Involuntary
• Inflamed • Involvement
• Inflammable • Irascible
• Inflationary • Irrelevant
• Ingratiate • Irreparable
• Ingratiate • Irreplaceable
• Ingredient • Irresistible
• Inhabitant • Irresponsible
• Inheritance • Irresistible
• Inhibition • Irresponsible
• Iniquitous • Irrevocable
• Initiate • Irritable
• Initiative • Italicize
• Innate • Itinerant
• Innocuous • Itinerary
• Innumerable J
• Innumerate • Jackal
• Inoculate • Jeopardize
• Insecticide • Jettisoned
• Inseparable • Jewellery
• Inseparable • Jodhpurs
• Insincere • Juggernaut
• Insistence • Jugular
• Instalment
K
• Instantaneous
• Kaleidoscopic

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Karate • Lilac
• Keenness • Limoufine
• Khaki • Lineage
• Kidnapped • Linen
• Kilometre • Lingerie
• Kiosk • Linguist
• Kitchenette • Liqueur
• Kleptomania • Literature
• Knick-knack • Litre
• Knowledgeable • Livelihood
• Kowtow • Loneliness
L • Loosened
• Labelled • Loquacious
• Laboratory • Luggage
• Labyrinth • Lugubrious
• Lackadaisical • Luminous
• Laddered • Lorgnette
• Lager • Lucrative
• Language • Lucre
• Languor • Luggage
• Languorous • Lugubrious
• Laryngitis • Luminous
• Larynx • Luscious
• Lassitude • Lustre
• Latitude • Luxurious
• Laundered • Lyric
• Launderette M
• Layette • Macabre
• League • Maelstrom
• Leanness • Magician
• Ledger • Magnanimous
• Legendary • Mahogany
• Legible • Maintenance
• Legitimate • Malaise
• Length • Malaria
• Lengthened • Malignant
• Leukaemia • Manageable
• Levelled • Management
• Liaise • Mannequin
• Liaison • Manoeuvre
• Lieu • Mantelpiece
• Lieutenant • Manually

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Margrarine • Mortgage
• Marijuana • Mosquito
• Marquee • Mountaineer
• Martyr • Moustache
• Marvellous • Multitudinous
• Marzipan • Muscle
• Masochist • Museum
• Massacre • Mysterious
• Matinee • Mythical
• Mayonnaise N
• Meagre • Naïve
• Measurement • Narrative
• Medallion • Naughty
• Medieval • Nausea
• Mediocre • Nautical
• Melancholy • Necessary
• Meningitis • Necessity
• Meringue • Negligence
• Messenger • Negligible
• Meteorological • Negotiate
• Metropolitan • Neighbourhood
• Microphone • Neither
• Midday • Neurotic
• Migraine • Neutral
• Mileage • Niche
• Milieu • Niece
• Millionaire • Ninetieth
• Mimicked • Ninth
• Mimicry • Nocturnal
• Miniature • Nonentity
• Miraculous • Notably
• Mirrored • Noticeably
• Miscellaneous • Notoriety
• Mischief • Nuance
• Mischievous • Numbered
• Misogynist • Numerate
• Misshapen • Numerous
• Misspell • Nutrient
• Misspent • Nutritious
• Modelled
O
• Modelling
• Obedient
• Morgue
• Obese

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Obituary • Pessimistically
• Oblige • Pesticide
• Oblique • Phantom
• Oblivious • Pharmacy
• Obnoxious • Pharyngitis
• Obscene • Pharynx
• Obscenity • Phenomenon
• Obsessive • Phial
• Obstetrician • Phlegm
• Occasion • Physician
• Occupancy • Physiotherapist
• Occupier • Picketed
• Occupying • Picnic
• Paroxysm • Picnicked
• Parquet • Picturesque
• Partially • Pioneered
• Participant • Pious
• Particle • Piteous
• Partner • Pitiful
• Passenger • Plaintiff
• Passers-by • Plausible
• Pastime • Pleurisy
• Patterned • Pneumonia
• Pavilion • Poignant
• Peaceable • Politician
• Peculiar • Pollution
• Pejorative • Polythene
• Pencilled • Porridge
• Penicillin • Portrait
• Peppered • Portray
• Perceive • Positive
• Perennial • Possession
• Perilous • Possibility
• Permissible • Posthumous
• Permitted • Potatoes
• Pernicious • Precede
• Perpetrate • Precedent
• Persistence • Precinct
• Personnel • Precipice
• Persuasion • Precocious
• Perusal • Preference
• Pessimism • Preferred

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Prejudice • Quintet
• Preliminary R
• Prepossessing • Rabies
• Prerequisite • Radioed
• Prerogative • Radios
• Prescription • Railing
• Presence • Rancour
• Preservative • Ransack
• Prestige • Rapturuous
• Prestigious • Reassurance
• Pretentious • Rebelled
• Prevalent • Rebellious
• Priest • Recalcitrant
• Primitive • Receipt
• Procedure • Receive
• Proceed • Recommend
• Procession • Reconnaissance
• Professional • Reconnoitre
• Profiteering • Recruitment
• Prohibit • Recurrence
• Promiscuous • Redundant
• Pronunciation • Referee
• Propeller • Reference
• Proposal • Referred
• Proprietor • Regatta
• Prosecute • Regrettable
• Protagonist • Regretted
• Protein • Rehabilitation
• Provocation • Reign
• Prowess • Relevant
• Psalm • Relief
• Psyche • Relieve
• Psychiatric • Reminisce
• Psychic • Reminisce
• Publicly • Reminiscence
• Pursuit • Remuneration
• Putative • Rendezvous
• Pyjamas • Repertoire
Q • Repetitive
• Quarrelsome • Reprieve
• Questionnaire • Reprisal
• Queue • Requisite

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Rescind • Salvage
• Resemblance • Sanctuary
• Reservoir • Sandwich
• Resistance • Sanitary
• Resourceful • Sapphire
• Responsibility • Satellite
• Restaurant • Scaffolding
• Restaurateur • Scandalous
• Resurrection • Scenic
• Resuscitate • Sceptre
• Retrieve • Schedule
• Reunion • Scheme
• Reveille • Schizophrenic
• Revelry • Schooner
• Revenue • Sciatica
• Reversible • Science
• Rhapsody • Scissors
• Rheumatism • Scruple
• Rhododendron • Scrupulous
• Rhomboid • Scurrilous
• Rhubarb • Scythe
• Rhyme • Secretarial
• Rhythm • Secretary
• Ricochet • Sedative
• Righteous • Sedentary
• Rigorous • Sensitive
• Rigour • Separate
• Risotto • Sergeant
• Riveted • Serrated
• Rogue • Serviceable
• Roughage • Serviette
• Roulette • Settee
• Royalty • Shampooed
• Rucksack • Shattered
• Ruinous • Sheikh
• Rummage • Sheriff
• Rumour • Shield
S • Shovelled
• Sabotage • Shuddered
• Sacrilege • Siege
• Saddened • Significant
• Salmon • Silhouette

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Simply • Strait-laced
• Simultaneous • Straitjacket
• Sincerely • Strategic
• Sixtieth • Strength
• Skeleton • Strenuous
• Skilful • Stupor
• Slanderous • Suave
• Slaughter • Subpoena
• Sleight • Subtle
• Sleight of hand • Succeed
• Sluice • Successful
• Smattering • Successor
• Smithereens • Succinct
• Snivelled • Succulent
• Soccer • Succumb
• Solemn • Suddenness
• Solicitor • Suede
• Soliloquy • Sufficient
• Soloist • Suffocate
• Sombre • Suicide
• Somersault • Sullenness
• Sophisticated • Summoned
• Sovereign • Supercilious
• Spaghetti • Superfluous
• Spectre • Supersede
• Spherical • Supervise
• Sphinx • Supervisor
• Sponsor • Supplementary
• Spontaneity • Surgeon
• Spontaneous • Surveillance
• Squabble • Surveyor
• Squandered • Susceptible
• Squawk • Suspicious
• Staccato • Sweetener
• Staggered • Sycamore
• Stammered • Symmetry
• Statistics • Sympathize
• Statutory • Symphony
• Stealth • Synagogue
• Stereophonic • Syndicate
• Stirrup • Synonym
• Storage • Syringe

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
T • Tortuous
• Tableau • Totalled
• Taboo • Tourniquet
• Taciturn • Towelling
• Taffeta • Traffic
• Tangerine • Trafficked
• Tangible • Tragedy
• Tattoo • Traitorous
• Technique • Tranquillity
• Teenager • Tranquillizer
• Televise • Transcend
• Temperature • Transferable
• Tenuous • Transferred
• Terrifically • Transparent
• Terrifying • Travelled
• Territory • Traveller
• Terrorist • Tremor
• Therapeutic • Trilogy
• Therefore • Troublesome
• Thief • Trousseau
• Thinness • Truism
• Thirtieth • Trustee
• Thorough • Tsetse
• Thoroughfare • Tuberculosis
• Threshold • Tumour
• Thrombosis • Tunnelled
• Throughout • Tureen
• Thwart • Turquoise
• Thyme • Twelfth
• Tightened • Typhoon
• Titivate U
• Tobacconist • Unanimous
• Toboggan • Unconscious
• Toffee • Undoubted
• Tomatoes • Unduly
• Tomorrow • Unequalled
• Tonsillitis • Unique
• Topsy turvy • Unnecessary
• Tornadoes • Unremitting
• Torpedoes • Unrequited
• Torpor • Unrivalled
• Tortoiseshell • Upheaval

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
V • Watered
• Vaccinate • Weakened
• Vacuum • Wearisome
• Vagune • Wednesday
• Vanilla • Weight
• Variegate • Weird
• Vehement • Whereabouts
• Vendetta • Wherewithal
• Veneer • Widened
• Ventilator • Width
• Verandah • Wield
• Vermilion • Wintry
• Veterinary • Witticism
• Vetoes • Wizened
• Versa • Woebegone
• Vice • Wooden
• Vicissitude • Woolen
• Vicissitudes • Worsened
• Vigorous • Worship
• Vigour • Worshipped
• Viscount • Wrapper
• Visibility • Wrath
• Vivacious • Wreak
• Vociferous • Writhe
• Voluminous X
• Volunteered • Xylophone
• Vulnerable Y
W • Yield
• Walkie-talkie • Yoghurt
• Walloped Z
• Warrior • Zealous
• Wastage • Zigzagged

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary

4. BASIC WORD PARTS

Words are made up of word parts: prefixes, suffixes and roots or stems. A knowledge of these word
parts and their meanings can help you determine the meanings of unfamiliar words.
ES
Prefixes are fixed before a word or a root to convey a modified version of the word or the root. Some important
Greek and Latin prefixes with a set of illustrative words are as follows:—
1. Prefix = 'ante' "before"
Word Meaning
• Antecedent preceding
• Antediluvian before the flood; ancient
• Antenatal of care before birth (during pregnancy)
• Anterior to the front; before
• Ante-meridien before noon
2. Prefix = 'dia' "across"
Word Meaning
• Diagonal connecting line
• Diaspora the breaking up and scattering of a people; people settled far from their
ancestral homelands
• Dialectic art of arguing
• Dialect local variety of language
• Diameter straight line from side tro side of figure
3. Prefix = 'ultra' "beyond"
Word Meaning
• Ultramarine very deep in blue
• Ultra modern very modern
• Ultra violet beyond violet; at the violet and of spectrum
• Ultra sonic sound waves beyond the range of human ear
4. Prefix = 'trans' "over, across"
Word Meaning
• Transcend go beyond
• Transverse eyeing across; at right angles
• Transgress break (law)
• Transient fleeting, not permanent
5. Prefix = 'super' "over, beyond"
Word Meaning
• Superior of greater rank
• Supercilious displaying arrogant pride
• Supernumerary in excess of normal number
• Supersede take the place of; set aside

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Supervise oversee; direct; inspect
• Superlative in/of highest degree or quantity
6. Prefix = 'Epi' "over, on, of"
Word Meaning
• Epiderm outer skin layer
• Epiphany festival of the announcement of Christ's coming.
• Epigraph inscription
• Epicentre Focus of earthquake
7. Prefix = 'Hypo' "under, below"
Word Meaning
• Hypocrisy false virtue
• Hypodermic below the skin
• Hypothesis suggested explanation of something
• Hypogastric of or related to lower median region of the abdomen
• Hypochondria morbid depression without reason about one's own health, extreme
depression of mind or spirits often centered on imaginary physical
ailments
8. Prefix = 'Hper' "over/above/excessive/abnormally high"
Word Meaning
• Hyperactivity too much activity
• Hyperesthia excessive sensory feeling
• Hyperbole person prone to exaggerated speaking
• Hyper kinesia excessive amount of spasms
• Hyperventilation excessive breathing
• Hyper baric greater than normal pressure
• Hyperacid the condition of containing more than the normal amount of acid
9. Prefix = 'ab' "from/away"
Word Meaning
• Absent not present
• Abstemious sparing in food and drink
• Abstraction preoccupation
• Abnegate give up, renounce
• Abolish do away with
• Abrade scrape away
10. Prefix = 'ad' "to towards"
• Adhere stick to
• Adumbration to suggest or disclose partially, give a vague indication
• Ad hoc for a particular purpose only
• Ad infinitum endlessly

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• Ad interim for the mean time
• Adjunct added, joined
• Adjudge decide, declare
• Adlib improvise and speak spontanceouly
• Adjourn postpone temporarily
• Ad rem to the point
• Ad valorem according to the value
• Advert turn the mind or attention towards
• Adulterate make impasse by adding
• Adumbrate give outline of, indicate
11. Prefix = 'Ambl' "both sides"
Word Meaning
• Ambient on all sides
• Ambiguity obscure
• Ambivalent simultaneous existence of two different opinions
• Ambidextrous able to use both sides
12. Prefix = 'Peri' "around, about"
Word Meaning
• Peripatetic walkking around
• Periphery cricumference
• Perimeter outer boundary
• Perihelion point in orbit of planet or comet nearest to sun.
13. Prefix = 're'/'retro' "back"
Word Meaning
• Return go back
• Retrospect look back
• Retroflex curved backwards
• Retrograde going backwards, reverting
• Retard make slow
• Retort retaliate, reply
14. Prefix = 'clrcum' "path" or "orbit"
Word Meaning
• Circumpolar circles around the polar region
• Circumsolar circles around the Sum
• Circumspect cricles around the fences
• Circumlocation round about or evasive speech
15. Prefix = 'a'/'an' "without"
Word Meaning
• Anemia blood deficiency

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• Amoral not moral
• Anaesthetic causing loss of sensation
• Achromatic without colour
• Anachronism mistake of time
16. Prefix = 'anti' "against"
Word Meaning
• Antidote remedy
• Antipathy dislike, aversion
• Antipyretic effecitive against fever
• Antiseptic preventing infection
• Antigen substance stimulating production of antibodies in the world
17. Prefix = 'counter' 'contra' "against"
Word Meaning
• Counterfeiter forger
• Contary opposite
• Constrain force, compel
• Contraband illegal, smuggled goods
18. Prefix = 'dys' "bad"
Word Meaning
• Dysfunctional badly functioning
• Dyspepsia indigestion
• Dyslexia impaired ability to read
19. Prefix = 'eu' "good, well"
• Euphony sweet sounding
• Eulogy speech or writing in praise of
• Euphoria sense of well being or elation
20. Prefix = 'inter' "between"
• Interloper intruder
• Interlude interval
• Intermediate coming between
21. Prefix = 'meta' "besides/ with"
Word Meaning
• Metamorphose transform
• Metathesis transposition
• Metaphorical figurative
22. Prefix = 'Sym/syn' "together"
Word Meaning
• Synergy unified action
• Symmetrical balanced

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• Synchronise happen at the same time
• Symbiotic living together for mutual benefit
• Symphony harmony of sounds
23. Prefix = 'be' "around/on"
Word Meaning
• Beside by side of
• Bespatter to splash with
• Besiege to surround on all sides
24. Prefix = 'for' "apart/away"
Word Meaning
• Forbid prohibit
• Forbear case, refrain
• Fortorn Forsaken desperate
25. Prefix = 'mis' "bad/wrong"
Word Meaning
• Mistake error
• Misnomer wrong name
• Mishap minor accident
• Misfit not a suitable person
26. Prefix = 'fore' "before"
Word Meaning
• Foresee indication in advance, predict
• Forestall prevent

SUFFIXES
Suffixes are added to the end of a word or a root and can sometimes lead to a difference in the
meaning of the original word or root. Some of the common suffixes of Greek, Latin and Geman origin
are discussed below:

Latin Suffixes
1. Suffix - 'age' "place/collection"
Word Meaning
• Personage minister's house
• Steerage cheapest accommodation on a ship
• Peerage bodies or group of peers
2. Suffix = 'arium'/'ary' "place"
Word Meaning
• Aquarium place for keeping live fish

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• Library place for storing books
• Sanatorium hospital for chronically ill
• Seminary college for priests
• Apiary place where bees are kept
Some Important Words Derived from common Suffixes:-
1. Suffix = 'ist'
In is a Greek Suffix, which denotes people who perform certain actions, are experts in certain fields
or are adherents to specific beliefs.
Word Specialist in
• Verbalist words
• Purist traditions
• Geneticist heredity
• Arborist Tree care
• Agronomist crop production
• Entomologist insects
• Numismatist coins
• Philatelist stamps
• Toxicologist poison
• Semanticist word meanings
• Meteorologist weather
2. Suffix = 'Sis' "state of/'process"
Word Meaning
• Synthesis formation of whole from different parts
• Osmosis diffusion of iluids through a memberane
• Prognosis forecasted recovery from illness
• Necrosis death of live tissue
• Dialysis separatic of substances in a shlution
• Hypnosis physically induced sleeplike condition
• Metastasis spread of disease in the body
3. Suffix = 'ancy'
Latin Suffix, which means "state, action or process", and is frequently used in words which describe
ways to foretell the future.
Word Meaning
• Bibliomancy forecasting future through bilical books
• Anthropomancy forecasting through studying human entrails
• Cubomancy forecasting through use of dice
• Ostemancy forecasting through observing bones.
• Cheiromancy forecasting by reading the palms.
• Graphomancy forecasting through observing handwriting

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4. Suffix = 'oid' "like/shape of"
Word Meaning
• Hypsiloid letter 'v'
• Xiphoid sword
• Scaphoid boat
• Sigmoid letter 'c'
• Schizoid split
• Cuboid cube
• Actinoid star
• Belonoid needle
• Pemphigoid bubble
• Ovoid egg
• Helicoid screw
5. Suffix = 'ent' "being/manifesting/possessing"
Word Meaning
• Truculent aggression
• Imminent Pending danger
• Flocculent woolliness
• Innocent purity
• Indigent need/poverty
• Intransigent stubbornness
• Dilligent earnestness
• Effulgent radiance
• Plangent expressive sound
• Nocent harm
• Continent restraint
• Ambivalent uncertainty
• Prudent Wisdom/ judiciousness
Germanic Suffixes
Some important Gemanic suffixes illustrated with examples, are as follows:-
1. Suffix = 'dom' "state/quality"
Word Meaning
• Freedom liberty
• Kingdom state ruled by king
• Officialdom state ruled by officials
• Dukedom state ruled by duke
2. Suffix = 'ard' "one who/characteristic of"
Word Meaning
• Dullard stupid person

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• Pollard horn less animal
3. Suffix = 'hood' "state/quality"
• Brotherhood alliance
• Widowhood state of being a widow
4. Suffix = 'ling' "having the characteristic of/minor"
Word Meaning
• Yearling year old animal
• Fingerling baby fish
5. Suffix = 'ness' "condition/state"
Word Meaning
• Goodness decency
• Populusness state of large population
• Business occupation
• Wickedness being bad
6. Suffix = 'ship' "state/rank/skill"
Word Meaning
• Penmanship art of writing
• Craftsmanship art of making crafts
• Township unit of local government
• Musicianship skill of a musician
7. Suffix = 'ful' "full of/providing"
Word Meaning
• Healthful promoting health
• Plentiful havig plenty
• Earful lot of information
8. Suffix = 'fold' "increased by"
Word Meaning
• Tenfold multiplied by ten
• Manifold many times
9. Suffix = 'ish' "somewhat like"
Word Meaning
• Childish child like
• Churlish ill-bred, rustic
• Impish imp-like, naughty
10. Suffix = 'wise' "in the manner of/with regard to"
Word Meaning
• Dollarwise with resped to dollars
• Weatherwise with regard to weather
• Moneywise with regard to maney

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• Healthwise with respect to health
REEK ROOTS
• Chron = time
Chronology = arrangement of events in order of occurrence.
Chronicle = historical record
Chronograph = a stop watch that records time with great accuracy.
Chronic = lasting a long time
Chronometer = time piece
• morph = form
Morphology = form and structure of an organism
Metamorphosis = change of form
• poly = many
Polyglot = competent in many languages
Polygon = a geometrical plane figure with three or more straight lines.
Polynomial = used to describe a mathematical expression with more than
two terms.
Polymath = knowledgeable in a variety of subjects.
Polyandry = a woman who has more than one husband.
Polygamy = a man who has more than one wife.
• pan = all
Panhuman = for all humanity
Pantheism = a belief that God is everything.
Panorama = an all round view.
Pantropic = found throughout the tropics.
• meter = measure
Ammeter = device used to measure current
Voltmeter = device used to measure voltage
Altimeter = device that measure altitude
Pedometer = instrument used to measure distance covered by walking.
Meteorology = scientific study of earth’s atmosphere.
• neo = new
Neophyte = beginner, recent convert
Neologism = new word or meaning, newly coined word.
Neonate = a new born child.
• pyr = fire
Pyre = pile of burning material
Pyrogenic = producing heat
Pyromaniac = person who sets fire to things.
Pyrotechnics = relating to fireworks.

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Pyrophobia = excessive fear of fire
• astro = star / space
Astronomy = science of stars
Astrologer = person who practices or studies astrology.
Astronaut = space traveller
• ped = child
Pediatrician = doctor who treats children
Pedodontics = concerned with dental care and treatment of children
Pedology = study of physical and mental development of children
• soma = body
Somato type = body type
Somatic = of body
Psychosomatic = physical illness which is mentally induced
Somatology = study of physiology and anatomy of body.
• gam = marriage
Monogamist = married to one person
Bigamist = married to two people
Polygamist = married to many
Misogamist = one who hates marriage.
• Theo = God
Theology = study of God or Religion
Theocracy = government by Gods
Theomacy = battle among Gods
• onym = name
Pseudonym = pen name
Antonym = word opposite in meaning
Synonym = word similar in meaning
Toponym = word derived from name of place
Homonym = word with same spelling or sound
• path = feeling
Sympathy = compassion for someone else’s pain
Empathy = feel someone else’s pain and sympathise
Apathy = indifference, lack of interest or enthusiasm
• bibli = book
Bibliopole = book seller
Bibliophile = lover of books or collector of books.
Bibliography = a list of books and articles consulted book sources.
Bibliomania = extreme fondness or obsession for books.
• soph = wisdom
Philosophy = love of wisdom
Sophist = ancient Greek philosopher

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Sophisticated = urbane, classy, complex
• misain/misein = to hate
Misanthropy = hatred of mankind
Misanthropist = one who hates mankind.
Misogynist = one who hates women
Misogamist = one who hates marriage
Misobiblic = one who hates books.
• anthropos = mankind
Anthropology = study of development of human race
Philanthropist = one who loves mankind
• Phil = to love
Philology = love of language / words
Philosophy = love of wisdom
Philanthropy = love of mankind
Philanthropist = one who loves mankind.
Philadelphia = city of brotherly love
Philharmonic = love of music/harmony
Bibliophile = lover of books
Anglophile = admirer of British culture, people etc.
Philatelist = one who collects or studies stamps
• Logy = study of
Anthropology = study of human race.
Astrology = study of living things
Archaeology = study of the building, graves etc. of the past
• psyche = mind, spirit, soul
Psychosis = a mental disorder
Psychiatrist = a mind healer
Psychotic = one who loses touch with reality
Psychedelic = that which causes effect on mind
Psychic = having special mental ability
• Archy /cracy = rule by
Monarchy = rule by one king or queen
Autocracy = government by a single person/ single group
Democracy = government by elected representatives
Aristocracy = rule by high social class
Theocracy = rule of Gods
Plutocracy = rule by the rich
Anarchy = state of nature where there is no government
Diarchy = dual rule

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Oligarchy = rule by few powerful people
Patriarchy = oldest person is made the head of family
Bureaucracy = Government by officials
• macro, mega = large/big
Macroscopic = Visible to the naked eye
Megalith = huge stone
Mega star = very great hero
Mega hertz = very great frequency of radio
Mega phone = instrument needed to amplify voice
Megalopolis = universe, very large city containing many cities.
• micro = small
Microbe = tiny organism
Microcosm = miniature representation of something
Microfilm = miniature record of documents or a film
Microlight = very small, light aircraft with large wings
• andr/gyn = man
Androgen = male hormone
Gynecoid = characteristic of woman
Polyandry = having multiple husbands
• ideo = idea
ideology = system of social beliefs
ideologue = an ideologist
ideography = use of graphical symbols to convery ideas
LATIN ROOTS
• scribe = to write
Prescribe = used in the context of medication
Inscribe = to write or engrave words on a surface
Scribble = write illegibly
Describe = write in detail
Proscribe = to prohibit or ban something.
• brev = short
Abbreviation = short end form
Brevity = briefness
Breviary = summary, abridgement
• later = side
Bilateral = two-sided
Unilateral = one-sided
Multilateral = many-sided
Lateral = at the side
• Magni = large
Magnify = make larger

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Magnitude = greatness of size
Magniloquent = employing impressive words while speaking.
Magnificent = impressive, splendid
Magnanimous = very generous, large hearted
• omni = all
Omniscient = all knowing
Omnipotent = all powerful
Omnipresent = present everywhere
Omnibus = a single book containing separate works as a collection.
Omnificent = with unlimited power to create
• rect = straight
Rectify = to correct or straighten
Rectitude = righteousness
Rectilinear = straight line
• cide = to kill or cut
Ceticide = killing of whales
Mariticide = killing of husband
Parricide = killing of parent (either father or mother)
Filicide = killing of children
Fratricide = killing of brother
Patricide = killing of father
Matricide = killing of mother
Fungicide = killing of fungi
Insecticide = killing of insect
uxoricide = killing of wife
Suicide = killing of oneself
Sororicide = killing of sister
Genocide = killing of races
Homicide = killing of human being
Infanticide = killing of infant
Lapicide = killing of pets
Foeticide = killing of an unborn child.
• mort, nec = death
Mortal = subject of death
Mortuary = place of dead bodies
Necrology = list of the dead, obituary
Necromancy = prediction using spirits
Necropolis = city of dead, cemetery
Necropsy = autopsy

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Mortification = deep shame and humiliation
• dorm or somn = to sleep
Dormant = asleep
Insomnia = inability to sleep
Somnambulist = walks in his sleep
Somnambulism = sleep walking
Somnolent = feeling sleepy
• aqua = water
Aquatic = of the water
Aquarium = container for fish
Aquaculture = farming of fish and aquatic plant
• fract/frag = break
Fracture = break
Fragile = easily broken
Fragment = break into small pieces
Infraction = failure to obey a law or contract
• mal = bad
Malevolent = harmful,
Malnutrition = lack of healthy food in a diet.
Malignant = evil, full of evil
Malady = illness, disease
Malinger = to pretend illness especially to avoid work
Malediction = curse, to utter a curse
• cred = believe
Credible = believable
Incredulous = sceptical
Incredible = astonishing
Credential = proof to ability, trust worthiness
Credulous = ready to believe
• sens/sent = feeling
Sensible = reasonable
Sentiment = emotion
Sensory = relating to sensation or sense organs
Sensitive = acutely perceptive
Sentient = conscious, capable of feeling
Sensitise = make sensitive
• Bel = war
Belligerent = warring
Bellicose = warlike

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Antebellum = preceding a war
• vor = eat
Carnivore = flesh eater
Herbivore = plant eater
frugivore = fruit eater
Omnivore = who eats everything
Nectarivore = nectar eater juice of flavour
Insectivore = insect eater
Gramnivore = grass eater
Granivore = grain eater
• alter = other
Altruism = the philosophy practiced by altruists
Alternate = skip one and take the other
Alternative = the other choice
Alteration = change
Altercation = a verbal dispute
Alter ego = other self
Altruistic = interested in the welfare of others.
• 'crde', 'ceed' and 'cess' = movement
Precede = come before
Proceeding = course of action
Process = method of doing something
Suceed = go ahead, be successful
Proceed = go before
Exceed = go ahead of
Recede = go back
Recession = depression in economic activity
• centr = center
Centrist = one with moderate views
Centrifugal = away from center
Centripetal = towards center
Egocentric = selfish
Eccentric = unconventional in a whimsical way.
Heliocentric = with the sun at the centre
• nihil = nothing
Annihilate = kill, reduce to nothing
Nihilism = rejection or opposition to all authority
• mar = sea
Marine = of sea

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Marina = small harbor
Maritime = of the sea
Mariner = one who sails or navigates vessels at sea
• doc = to teach
Indoctrinate = instruct one in basics
Doctrine = rule or principle
Doctor = medically qualified
doctrinaire = determined to use a theory
• luc = light
Elucidate = make clear
Lucid = clear/transparent
Pellucid = transparent
• flect/flex = means to bend
inflect = furn
influx = inward flow
flexible = adaptable
flexography = printing using a flexible plate
Genuflect = bend in gesture of respect
• tract/tang = touch
Infact = untouched
Tangible = real/ can be touched
Intangible = cannot be seen or touched
Tactile = of touch
• Loqu/locut = speak
Circumlocution = evasive speech
Soliloquy = speaking alone
Eloquence = persuasive speech
Interlocution = conversation
Somniloquy = speak in sleep
Elocution = public speaking
Grandiloquence = speech
Colloquality = informal speaking
Allocution = formal speaking
Magniloquence = bombastic speech
Colloquim = scholarly conference
• cogn, sci = know able to understand
Recognize = understand
Science = factual knowledge
Unconcionable = morally unacceptable

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Conscious = able to understand
Unconscious = experiencing loss of senses
• Quasi = resembling or very similar to
Quasi-judicial = semi-judicial powers resembling
Quasi-dictatorship = a dictatorship hiding under another form
Quasi-scientific = supposedly scientific but not backed by fact
Quasi-periodic = something that is almost predictable
• Ego = I
Egoist = excessively high opinion of oneself
Egocentric = one who is excessively fixated upon his own needs.
Egomaniac = morbidly, excessively wrapped up in oneself
• Verto = to turn
Introvert = to turn your thoughts inwards
Extrovert = to turn your thoughts outward
Ambivert = to turn your thoughts in both directions
MANIAS
Bibliomania an obsession with rare books
Demon mania a morbid delusion of being under the influence of an evil spirit
Dipsomania a morbid compulsion to drink
Dromomania a morbid compulsion for travel
Egomania a morbid obsession with oneself
Graph mania a mild manic for writing
Hypomania a mild manic excitement
Kleptomania a morbid compulsion to steal
Logo mania a mania for talking
Macro mania a delusion that one’s body has become very big
Micro mania a delusion that one’s body has become very small
Megalomania a morbid delusion of one’s grandeur
Monomania single fixed obsession
Nymphomania excessive sexual desire in a female
Pseudo mania a mania for making false and exaggerated statements
Pyromania Compulsion to set fire for thrill
Scribble mania a mania for making meaningless marks on paper
Theo mania a delusion that one has become a god
PHOBIAS
Acrophobia Morbid fear of high places or heights
Agoraphobia Morbid fear of wide open places
Algophobia Morbid fear of pain
Anglophobia Morbid fear of England and English things
Anthropphobia Morbid fear of mankind
Astraphobia Morbid fear of lightning, thunder and storms

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Astrophobia Morbid fear of celestial space
Ballistophobia Morbid fear of missiles
Chirophobia Morbid fear of hands
Claustrophobia Morbid fear of closed, confined places
Demophobia Morbid fear of crowds
Dendrophobia Morbid fear of trees
Ergophobia Morbid fear of work
Francophobia Morbid fear of the French
Gynaephobia Morbid fear of women
Hematophobia or
hemophobia or
hemeratorphobia Morbid fear of blood
Hippophobia Morbid fear of horses
Hydrophobia Morbid fear of water
Monophobia Morbid fear of being alone
Mysophobia Morbid fear of contamination or germs
Nyctophobia Morbid fear of darkness
Ochlophobia Morbid fear of crowd
Panophobia Morbid fear of everything in general
Pathophobia Morbid fear of disease
Peccatophobia Morbid fear of sinning or having sinned
Pedophobia Morbid fear of children
Phonophobia Morbid fear of light
Podophobia Morbid fear of feet
Pyrophobia Morbid fear of fire
Russophobia Morbid fear of Russians
Sitophobia Morbid fear of food
Syphilophobia Morbid fear of syphilis
Thanatophobia Morbid fear of death
Toxophobia Morbid fear of being poisoned
Trichophobia Morbid fear of hair
Triskaidekaphobia Morbid fear of the number 13
Xenophobia Morbid fear of foreigners
Zoophobia Morbid fear of animals or some particular animal

KILLER WORDS B
A • filicide the killing of one’s children
• aqicide the killing of bees • fratricide the killing of one’s brother
• avicide the killing of birds • genocide the killing of race of people
• homicide the killing of human beings
• canicide the killing of dogs
• infanticide the killing of one’s infant
• germicide the killing of germs
• matricide the killing of one’s mother
• herpeticide the killing of snakes • parricide the killing of one’s parents
• insecticide the killing of insects • patricide the killing of one’s father
• pesticide the killing of pests

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• populicide the killing of populations • animosity active enmity
• regicide the killing of king • antagonism active opposition
• sororicide the killing of one’s sister • antipathy constitutional aversion
• suicide the killing of oneself • contentiousness quarrelsomeness
• uxoricide the killing of one’s wife • diatribe piece of bitter criticism
THE ANGRY MAN • indignation feeling of surprised anger
• irascibility angry behaviour
You have, in English, language, very many
• tantrum a fit of ill-temper
words to express anger in its myriad forms.
• virulence full of hatred
• acrimony bitterness of temper
• wrath indignation; great anger
• altercation quarrel

RULES AND FORMS OF GOVERNMENT

You know cracy is an element meaning rule. You find it in the word democracy which means the
rule of the people. There have been many other types of rules such as these:
• Aristocracy rule by the nobility
• Autocracy rule by absolute monarch
• Bureaucracy rule by desk officials
• Gerontocracy rule by old men
• Gynecocracy rule by women
• Kakistorcracy rule by the worst citizens
• Mobocracy rule by mob
• Neocracy rule by new, inexperienced officials
• Pantisocracy rule (government) by all
• Phutocracy rule by wealthy people
• Theocracy rule by church authorities
And look at these, too :
• Anarchy a state without government
• Autarchy government of a country by one person with unlimited power
• Biarchy government by two people
• Endarchy government from an inner centre of control
• Monarchy government by a monarch (king)
• Oligarchy government in the hands of a few
• Panarchy government by all; universal rule
• Pentarchy government by five rulers or powers
• Polyarch government by many persons
• Thearchy government by the gods
KNOW YOUR DOCTORS
In the field of medicine- ologist denotes a specialist in a specific type of disease. Let is introduce
to you ten of these specialists with the diseases they specialize in.
• Cardiologist specializes in heart diseases
• Dermatologist specializes in skin diseases
• Endocrinologist specializes in diseases of glands of internal secretion

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Gerontologist specializes in diseases of old age
• Gynecologist specializes in female diseases
• Neurologist specializes in herve diseases
• Ophthalmologist specializes in eye diseases
• Otologist specializes in ear diseases
• Pathologist specializes in detecting the nature and origin of diseases
• Rhinologist specializes in nose diseases
And these, too :
• Orthodontist specializes in treating persons with crooked teeth
• Osteopath specializes in treating person with bone displacement
• Pediatrician specializes in children’s diseases
• Podiatrist specializes in feet ailments
• Psychiatrist specializes in treating person with mental aberrations
BRANCHES OF SCIENCE AND LEARNING

Science Scientist Subject

Archaeology Archaeologist prehistoric remains
Astronomy Astronomer heavenly bodies
Anthropology Anthropologist mankind
Entomology Entomologist insects
Etymology Etymologist derivation of words
Botany Botanist plant life
Biology Biologist physical life
Chromatology Chromatologist colours
Geology Geologist rocks
Graphology Graphologist handwriting
Ecology Ecologist environment
Embryology Embryologist beginning of life
Ethnology Ethnologist races of mankind
Lexicography Lexicographer dictionary compiling
Meteorology Meteorologist weather forecast
Numismatics Numismatist coins and medals
Ornithology Ornithologist lives and habits of birds
Phrenology phrenologist skull and brain
Philology Philologist languages
Pomology Pomologist fruits
Psychology Psychologist the human mind
Radiology Radiologist radioactivity
Paleontology Paleontologist fossils and other forms of early life
Seismology Seismologist earthquakes
Speleology Speleologist caves
Sociology Sociologist societies and human behaviour in groups

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Zoology Zoologist different kinds of animals
Phonology Phonologist speech sound of a language or languages
Philately Philatelist stamp collecting
Cartography Cartographer map drawing
Choreography Choreographer ballet designing
Lithography Lithographer stone engraving
Topography Topographer physical features of a place through map or chart
Demography Demographer statistics of human population
PROFESSIONS
• Architect He draws plans for a building.
• Astronaut A space-traveler
• Bookmarker He takes bets, especially on horse races, and writes down in his notebook.
• Balloonist He ascends in a balloon.
• Chemist He sells medicines.
• Chauffeur He drives a motorcar.
• Collier He works in a coal mine.
• Compositor He sets type in a printing press.
• Curator An official in charge of a museum or art gallery
• Custodian Caretaker of a public building
• Cobbler Mender or maker of shoes
• Dietician An expert in food and nutrition
• Draper He sells cloth, fabric.
• Druggist He sells medicines.
• Ferrier He shoes horses.
• Fishmonger He deals in fish.
• Flautist A flute player
• Florist A person who grows or sells flowers
• Fruitier A person who deals in fruit
• Glazier A person who sets glass in windows, doors, etc.
• Grazier A person who pastures cattle for the market
• Hawker He travels from place to place selling miscellaneous articles.
• Invigilator A person who watches over students taking an examination
• Ironmonger A person who deals in iron or hardware
• Jockey A professional horse rider in a race
• Lapidist He cuts precious stones.
• Librarian A person in charge of a library
• Milliner A person who makes and sells ladies’ hats, etc
• Oculist He is an eye-doctor.
• Optician A specialist in making eyeglasses
And look at these, too :
• Optometrist He prescribes corrective lenses.
• Pawnbroker He lands money and keeps goods as security.
• Physician He attends to sick people and prescribes medicines.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Playwright He writes plays.
• Plumber He repairs water-pipes and cisterns.
• Potter He makes pots, cups, etc.
• Scavenger He is a refuge-collector.
• Sculptor He carves marble or stone.
• Surveyor He measures land.
• Technician He is a technical expert.
• Tinker He goes from place to place, mending pots, pans, etc.
• Tobacconist He sells tobacco and cigarettes.
• Usurer He lends money at an exorbitant rate of interest.
• Violinist He plays the violin.
TRAITS
• Supercilious a person who is overbearing, proud and haughty
• Misanthrope a person who hates mankind
• Libertine a person without a moral
• Impetuous a person who acts suddenly and without thought
• Pugnacious a person having an inclination to fight
• Rapacious a person having a grasping nature; greedy
• Malicious a person who is full of malice and ill will
• Insidious a person who does harm secretly and craftily
• Petulant a person unreasonably impatient or irritable
• Hypocrite a person who is feigning to be what he is not
• Extrovert a person more interested in what goes on around him than in his own thoughts
and feelings
• Introvert a person more interested in his own thoughts and feelings than in things
outside himself
• Egoist a person who always thinks of himself
• Egocentric a person who is self-centered
• Gregarious a person who likes the company of others
• Judicious a person who possesses a sound judgment
• Boisterous a person who is noisy and cheerful
• Taciturn a person who is habitually silent or reserved
• Erudite a person who is scholarly and learned
• Punctilious a person who is precise in the observance of forms or ceremonies
• Epicurean a person who loves the refinements of pleasure and believes that pleasure
is the chief good
• Stoic a person who is unmoved by joy or grief
• Atheist a person who denies the existence of God
• Catholic a person who is broad in outlook
• Philistine a person of materialistic taste indifferent to art and literature
• Fastidious a person difficult to please
• Connoisseur a person who is a critical judge in matters of taste
• Antiquarian a person interested in the study of ancient things

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Ascetic a person who practices self-denial and leads an austere life
• Gourmet a person who has a good tastes for food
• Optimist He looks at the bright side of life.
• Pessimist He looks at the dark side of life.
• Martinet He is a stickler for discipline.
• Aesthete He has a highly developed sense of beauty.
• Pedant He makes a display of his learning.
• Sycophant He is a servile flatterer of the rich and powerful.
• Hedonist He leads his life purely for pleasure, especially physical pleasure.
• Infidel He has no belief in a specific religion.
• Suave He is polished in manner.
• Docile He is quiet and easily controlled managed or influenced.
• Conservative He is opposed to great or sudden change.
• Misogynist He hates women.
• Philanthropist He loves mankind
• Pronographer He treats of sexual subjects in pictures or writing in a way that is meant to
cause sexual excitement.
• Eccentric He is a person who is peculiar, not normal in behaviour.
• Misogamist He hates the institution of marriage.
• Misologist He hates learning and knowledge.
• Gullible He is easily tricked and persuaded to believe something.
• Recluse He lives in complete seclusion.
• Termagant She is noisy, quarrelsome woman.
• Imperious He is commanding, haughty and arrogant.
• Impertinent He is impudent, saucy and he does not show respect.
• Henpecked He is ruled by his wife.
• Garrulous He talks too much about unimportant things.
• Egalitarian He favours the doctrine of equal rights and opportunities for all citizens.
• Plagiarist He takes and uses somebody else’s ideas, words, etc as if they were his
own.
• Chauvinist He is a person with unreasoning partiality to his place or group.
• Debonair He is suave and light-hearted.
• Amiable He is easy and pleasant to talk to.
• Dilettante He studies something but not seriously and not with real understanding: a
dabbler in art, science or literature.
ANIMAL TRAITS
Adjectives Description
aquiline eagle like
asinine ass like
bovine ox like or cow like
canine doglike
elephantine elephant like
equine horse like

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Adjectives Description
feline carlike
leonine lion like
ovine sheep like
porcine pig like
serpentine snake like
ursine bearlike
vulpine wolf like
MANS ATTITUDE TO GOD
• Atheism disbelief in God
• Agnosticism skepticism about God
• Deism belief in the existence of a Divine Being, but without acceptance of revelation
or religious dogma
• Henotheism belief in one of a group of gods, without asserting that he is the only God
• Monotheism belief in one God
• Pantheism belief that God is nature
• Polytheism belief in many gods
• Theism belief in the existence of one God, Creator and Ruler of the universe, but
without the denial of revelation
APPROPRIATE VERBS
7to foment trouble to grab the land
to explode crackers to comb the whole area
to apprehend danger to waste time
to scotch the rumour (put an end to) to squander money
to vitiate the atmosphere (spoil) to fritter away one’s energy
to sling mud at someone to exact an exorbitant rate of interest
to fling remarks
to tarnish somebody’s image to flex the muscle (bend and move)
to pry into somebody’s affairs to mollify one’s anger
to nab the criminal (arrest) to stoop low
to remand one to jail custody to foil an attempt
to amass wealth to pacify the angry mob
to hoard grains to gnash one’s teeth
to pool one’s resources to apportion blame (to divide and share out)
to court danger
to ascertain the fact to set the bones
to curry somebody’s favour (win) to amputate an arm (cut off)
to lull a baby to sleep to extract the tooth
to sing a lullaby to convene a meeting
to refurbish the image (to make to deliver a fiery speech
bright and fresh again)
to tilt the balance to take out a procession

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
to nurse a grudge to break the police cordon
to harbour ill will to pelt stones
to rectify a mistake (put right) to fast unto death
to strike terror to go on strike
to defy authority (disobey) to call off the strike
to struggle against odds to control the unruly mob
to climb stairs to cast vote
to scale the wall to unfurl or hoist the flag
to mop the floor to bare one’s bosom
to dust the books to expunge an objectionable remark
to twirl the moustache to box the ears
to cast aspersion on someone to acknowledge someone’s claim
to lob the ball to concede the demand (admit as true)
to spoon a catch to choose a career
to assign reason to embark on an adventure
to cite precedent to draw up a plan
to concoct a story to execute a plan
to offer pleas to toss the coin
to confirm an appointment to spill every ounce of one’s energy
to ratify a treaty to flash a news
to inflict a wound to leap with joy
to dress the wound to bask in the sunshine
to feel the pulse to commit a crime
to administer oxygen to commit a crime
to commit to memory
to transfuse blood to stitch clothes
to graft the skin to sew on the buttons
to transplant the heart to play the violin
to draw an inference to invoke the gods
to play the host to address the chair
to lay the table to set fire to something
to roast meat to set something on fire
to fry fish to kindle a fire
to bake bread to propound a theory
to cook rice to promulgate an ordinance
to whet one’s appetite to communicate news
to satiate one’s hunger to channelize one’s energy
to quench one’s thirst to wring wet clothes
to deploy troops to distort facts
to demolish an unauthorized to disfigure one’s face
structure to sever connections
to desecrate a place of worship to disrupt a meeting

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
(to use in an unworthy way) to lynch a rapist
to extort money to launch a rocket
to grease somebody’s (show off) to oppress the poor
to eradicate crime, poverty to malign an innocent person
to walk the distance to respond to kindness
to discard a worn garment to rivet one’s attention (to attract)
to revoke a will and hold strongly)
to abjure one’s religion to extort a confession from someone
to suppress a rebellion to generate heat, electricity
to restrain an action to unfold a plan
to fulfil a promise to air one’s grievances
to oppose a measure to peel off an orange
to resist an attack to weave threads together
to forge new friendship to foretell the future events
to renew old contact to propitiate the gods (win the favour of)
to bury the dead to encourage the timid
to spit blood, venom to succor the endangered
to delineate a character to support the weak
to brag about something to repulse an attack
COMMONLY USED VERBS
A particular noun needs a particular verb to express what is done to it. As for example do
research, take an exam, give a talk, play a game, make an effort, perform a task, have a rest. The
verbs commonly used with particular nouns are plentiful. You will do well to know them in their right
combinations. Here are a few common expressions:

breakfast a walk a good time

lunch a ride a nice evening
tea a game of cards a bad day
dinner a rest a thought
coffee a lie-down an idea
a meal a sleep a talk
a drink a dream a chat
a glass of juice a headache a conversation
a party an illness a row
a shave a fit a quarrel
a bath an accident a fight
a wash an operation a word with somebody
a shower a holiday a baby (give birth)
a swim a day off a nervous breakdown
a try a go a setback

an accusation a journey
an arrangement love
an attempt a meal (prepare a meal)

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
a mistake
a boat money
a change a noise
a comment an offer
a decision peace
an effort a plan
an estimation progress
an exception a profit
an excuse a promise
a fuss a recommendation
a gesture a request
a guess a statement
an impression (on someone) war

action a liking to
advantage (of something or someone) a look
a bath medical/legal advice
care my word for it (believe me)
charge (of) notice (of something)
a chance (on something) an objection to
courage offence (at something)
a deep breath (great) pains over something
a degrre (obtain) a pill
driving lessons a quick look round
an exception to responsibility (for)
a fancy to risks
fright (at something) a seat
heart something to heart
hold (of something) a taxi
a holiday things easy
liberties with your time over something (not hurry)

Your best
business (with someone) (someone) a good turn/harm
a course (of study) your homework
some damage the housework
a dance a job
the washing-up research
your duty the shopping
(someone) a favour your hair
good us the honour

(someone) a chance
a chase to a performance
a command permission
details an opinion
evidence (somebody) a ring (telephone him)

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
information a talk/lecture
a party way

cards a duty bald

fair (fairly) a function blind
a game an operation crazy
the game (observe the rules of the game) a piece of music grey
the man (act like a man) a play mad
a musical instrument tricks rusty (iron)
(some) music sour (milk)
a part stale (bread)
prank (on someone)
a record (cassette, tape, etc) wrong (machine)
a role
a trick (on somebody)
a tune

A train moves off from the platform. A boat puts off from the shore.
A tree sheds its leave. A bird casts off its feathers.
You scrub the floor. You polish the car.
You shake your head. you shrug your shoulders.
You waste time. BUT You squander money.
You sharpen the knife. You quicken your steps.
You unravel a secret. You unearth a buried treasure.
You cook rice. you bake bread.
You sit for/take an exam You mark/set an exam
(if you’re a student). (if you’re a teacher)
You pare the nails. You clip the moustache.
Trains rumble. Wheels rattle.
IDIOMATIC NOUN PHRASES

an army of soldiers a congress of representatives, delegates

an assembly of representatives a band of musicians, followers
a contingent of army personnels, boy scouts a batch of pupils, candidates
a corporation of people a battalion of soldiers
a corps of volunteers, soldiers a bench of judges
a council of ministers, advisers a bevy of girls, ladies
a crew of sailors a board of directors, trustees, examiners
a crowd of people a body of men, soldiers, police, laws, etc
a flurry of attentive callers a gang of robbers, thieves, convicts, prisoners
a brigade of cavalry, infantry, artillery a gathering of people

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
a caravan of pilgrims, merchants a guild of tradesmen, artisans
a choir of singers a horde of barbarians, savages
a cricle of friends, acquaintances a host of people
a class of persons, students a mob of rioters
a clique of schemers a multitude of people
a colony of people a muster of troops
a company of actors, merchants a panel of judges, jurymen
a concourse of people a pack of fools, knaves
a conference of preachers, delegates a party of musicians, people
a confregation of pilgrims, worshippers a platoon of soldiers, musketeers
a posse of police men a procession of people
a school of thinkers, learned men a queue of people
a syndicate of merchants, businessmen a regiment of soldiers
a senate of councilors, university members a team of players
a throng of people a squad of soldiers drilling
a train of followers a squadron of soldiers, ships
a tribe of aborigines a staff of teachers, officials, servants
a troop of soldiers a stream of people, visitors
a troupe of dancers, artistes a string of coolies
a union of workers, tradesmen

Collection of animals, birds and insects

an army of ants a leash of hares, hounds

a bevy of swans a litter of puppies, kittens, pig lings
a brood of chickens (brought forth at one birth)
a colony of termites a muster of peacocks
a column of ants a nest of ants
a covey of partridges (flying together) a pack of asses, hounds, wolves
a school of whales, porpoises a drove of cattle (when driven)
a shoal of herrings, fishes a flight of birds, locusts, insects
a string of camels a flock of sheep, geese, chickens
a stud of ponies, horses a gaggle of geese
a swarm of flies, ants, bees, locusts a haul of fishes (taken in a net)
a team of horses, oxen a herd of deer, swine, cattle (when pasturing or driven together)
a train of donkeys a troop of lions, monkeys
a hive of bees

Collection of things

an album of photos, snapshots, stamps a barrage of questions

an alliance of states, powers, etc a basket of fruits
an anthology of poems a batch of loaves (baked together)
an archive of public records a beam of rays
an assortment of jobs a block of flats, houses

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
a bale of cotton, wool a bouquet of flowers
a bout of illness a forest of trees
a budget of letters, news a galaxy of stars
a bunch of flowers, grapes, plantains, keys a gallery of pictures a garland of flowers
a cache of arms a glut of injuries
a catalogue of books (ie their names) a group of islands
a grove of trees a cargo of wheat
a heap of stones, ruins, sand a carillon of bells
a hoard of jewels, gold a catch of fishes (taken in a net)
a host of subjects a cavalcade of memories
a chain of mountains, events a league of power, states, nations
a chest of drawers a library of books
a cloud of dust a lump of mud, coal, lead
a clump of trees a mass of cloud, ruins
a cluster of stars, islands, nuts a maze of tanglewook, worldly affairs
a clutch of eggs a code of laws
a commonwealth of nations a mine of information
a confederation of states, powers a museum of art
a consignment of goods a nosegay of flowers
a constellation of stars an outfit of clothes
a convoy of helicopters, lorries a pack of playing-cards
a course of lectures, events a packet of cigarettes
a crop of weeds, hair a peal of thunder, bells
a curriculum of studies a pencil of rays
a faggot of twigs, sticks a pile of arms, woods, books
a fall of leaves, snow, rain a pool of blood
a family of plants, languages a quiver of arrows
a fleet of cars, ships a range of mountains, hills
a flight of steps, stairs a riot of colours
a flotilla of boats, ships a roll of names
a rosary of beads a stockpile of nuclear arms, gunpowder
a round of shots, duties, applause a row of chairs, trees
a storm of protest a sea of troubles
a stretch of wheat filed a series of events, lectures
a string of Pearls, beads a set of rules, tools
a suite of rooms, apartments, furniture a sheaf of arrows, cornstalks
a shock of hair a syllabus of studies
a shower of arrows, abuses, rains, bullets a tissue of lies
a train of wagons a species of animals, plants
a treasure trove of sunken ships a stack of arms, hay, wood (piled together)
a tuft of grass, hair, feathers a volley of questions, abuses, shots

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
MASCULINE AND FEMININE headmaster headmistress
heir heiress
People hero heroine
Masculine Feminine host hostess
actor actress husband wife
author authoress instructor instructress
bachelor spinster son daughter
boy girl son-in-law daugther-in-law
bridegroom bride stepfather stepmother
brother sister steward stewardess
brother-in-law sister-in-law tutor governess
conductor conductress waitor waitress
Masculine Feminine widower widow
count countess wizard witch
duke duchess instructor instructress
earl countess Animals
emperor empress bear she-bear
father mother billy-goat nanny-goat
father-in-law mother-in-law boar sow
fiance fiancee buck doe
friar nun cull cow
gentleman lady drake duck
King queen fox vixen
landlord landlady gander goose
lord lady he-goat she-goat
male female leopard leopardess
man woman lion lioness
manservant maidservant bullock heifer
master mistress cock hen
monk nun cock-sparrow hen-sparrow
negro negress colt filly
nephew niece dog bitch
poet poetess peacock peahen
priest priestess ram ewe
prince princess stallion mare
proprietor proprietress steer heifer
salesman salesgirl tiger tigress
shepherd shepherdess tom-cat tabby-cat
sir madam YOUNG ONES
god goddess Adult Young one
godfather godmother bear cub
grandfather grandmother cat kitten

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
cow calf Birds, Fish and Insects
deer fawn ant grub
dog puppy been grub
fox cub butterfly caterpillar
frog tadpole cockroach nymph
goat kid duck duckling
hare leveret eagle eaglet
hen chicken, chick goose gosling
horse colt, filly, foal housefly maggot
leopard cub mosquito wriggler, larva
lion whelp moth caterpillar
ram lamb owl owlet
sheep lamb salmon Parr
stage fawn swan cygnet
tiger cub trout fry
wolf cub
WORDS DENOTING MOVEMENT, PLACES AND HOMES

Movement
(a) Birds (b) Animals
A bird flies A bear lumbers
A cock struts A deer bounds
A crow flies A donkey trots.
A duck waddles. An elephant ambles.
An eagle swoops. A horse gallops, trots.
A lark soars. A hound bounds.
An owl flits. A lamb frisks.
A sparrow flits A lion prowls
A turkey struts. A mouse scampers
A vulture flaps, rises or hobbles. A rabbit leaps.
A wolf lopes.
(c) Persons
A person
hobbles, dawdles, limps, lumbers, meanders,
marches, plods, shuffles, paces, slouches,
staggers, strides, strolls, waddles, walks.
(d) Walking Verbs
We walk at varying paces and in a variety of ways. As for example, a baby toddles, an idler slouches, a
soldier marches, and a farmer, after the day’s toil, plods his weary way home. And so on.
You will find here two sets of verbs: walking verbs and verbs of movement.
Walking Verb Definition
• To toddle to walk with short tottering steps (as does a baby)

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• To limp to walk as if lame
• To strut to walk in an affected manner/proudly
• To stride to walk with long steps
• To stroll to walk in a quiet, unhurried way
• To slouch to walk in a lazy, tired way
• To stagger to walk or move unsteadily (from weakness, a heavy
burden, drunkenness, etc)
• To plod to walk slowly and wearily
• To dawdle to walk slowly, wasting time
• To lumber to move in a heavy, clumsy, noisy way
• To march to walk smartly in steps
• To meander to follow a winding path, moving slowly and gently (eg meandering river)
Nov look at these verbs of movement.
• Swoop come down with a rush (like the bird of prey)
• Skim glide over with an occasional touch
• Scamper run quickly like a frightened animal
• Sprint run a short distance with speed
• Bolt run away quickly, dart off
• Bound run away quickly, dart off
• Flash move so swiftly as to be visible for a shrot time
• Flit fly or move lightly and quickly (Bees flit from flower to flower.)
• Hasten move with speed
• Run move with quick steps (faster than walking)
• Rush go with speed
Lookat these, too.
• Tremor shaking movement of the ground
• Shiver movement of body due to cold
• Vibrate regular movement backwards and forwards
• Oscillate regular movement of a suspended thing from one point to another
• Flicker movement of the flame
(e) Specific movement words
A baby toddles. A tired traveler plods.
A king strides on A lame person limps or hobbles.
A drunkard staggers. A conceited fellow struts.
(f) Miscellaneous
The nose blows The wind blows
The earth rotates Water flows
The watch ticks The fan whirls
The wound bleeds Arrows shoot
The train runs The machine works
Places
(a) Where things are made

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Beer in a brewery Bread, cakes in a bakery
Films in a studio Flour or paper in a mill
Goods of all kinds in a factory Iron implements in a smithy
Leather in tannery Milk products in a dairy
Money (coins) in a mint Ships in a dockyard
Alcoholic drinks in a distillery
(b) Where games are played
Badminton on a court Boxing in a ring
Billiards on a cloth-covered table (a billiard table)
Cricket on a pitch Chess on a chessboard
Football on a ground, field Hockey on a ground, field, astroturf
Running on a track, course Skating in a rink
Tennis on a court Water polo in a swimming pool
Wrestling in an arena
(c) Where persons, things, animals, etc are kept, grown, exhibited, stored
Aeroplanes are kept in a hangar.
Athletic competitions are held in a stadium.
Athletic exercises are performed in a gymnasium.
Astronomical observations are made in an observatory
Bees are kept in an apiary.
Birds are kept in a cage, an aviary.
Birds and animals are exhibited in a zoo.
Clothes are kept in a wardrobe
Clothes or linen are washed and ironed in a laundry
Dead bodies are buried in a cemetery
Dead bodies are cremated in a crematorium
Fishes are kept in an aquarium
Fruit tress are grown in an orchard
Gas is stored in a cylinder
Goods are stored in a depot
Grains are stored in a granary
Grapes are grown in a vineyard
Guns are kept in an armoury.
Historical relics or curios are kept in a museum
Luggage at a railway station is kept in a cloakroom
Medicines are compounded in a dispensary
Motorcars are kept in a garage
Plates, dishes, pots and other cooking utensils are washed in a scullery
Scientific experiments are conducted in a laboratory
Sick people are treated in a hospital
Ships are built or repaired in a dock
Ships are loaded or unloaded in a quay.

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Water is collected and stored in a reservoir
Wild animals are kept in a menagerie, zoo
Wine and other provisions are stored (underground) in a cellar
Young plants grow in a nursery.
Homes
(a) Persons (b) Creatures
An Arab in a dowar Bees in a hive
A convict in a prison A bird in a nest
An Eskimos in an igloo A cow in a byre, pen
A gypsy in a caravan A dog in a kennel
A hermit in a hermitage An eagle in an eyrire
A king or a queen in a palace A fox in a hole
A knight in a mansion A fowl in a coop
A lumberman in a log cabin A hare in a burrow
A lunatic in an asylum A horse in a stable
A monk in a monastery A lion in a den
A nobleman in a castle A mouse in a hole
A nun in a convent, nunnery An owl in a barn, on a tree
A parson in a parsonage A pig in a sty
A peasant in a cottage A pigeon in a dovecote
A priest in a presbytery A rabbit (tame) in a hutch
A prisoner in a cell, jail A rabbit (wild) in a burrow, warren
A Red Indian in a wigwam, tepee A sheep in a pen, fold
A soldier in barracks, camp A spider in a web
A Swiss in a chalet A squirrel in a drey
A vagrant on the pavement A tiger in a lair
A Zulu in a kraal A wasp in a nest
Wild animals in den, lair
WORDS DENOTING VARIOUS SOUNDS
Cries of Animals, Birds and Insects
• Animals
Apes gibber Dogs bark (at somebody)
Asses bray yelp or whine (in pain)
Bulls (Oxen) bellow snarl or growl (in anger)
Calves low bay (at the moon)
Camels grunt howl (in distress)
Donkeys bray Cats mew, purr, caterwaul (when they quarrel)
Elephants trumpet Foxes yelp, bark
Cattle low Frogs croak
Cows low, moo Goats bleat
Crocodiles grunt Hogs grunt
Horses neigh, snort, whinny Oxen low, bellow

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Hounds bay Pigs grunt, squeak
Hyenas laugh Puppies yelp
Jackals howl Rabbits squeak
Kittens mew Serpents hiss
Lambs bleat Sheep bleat
Lions roar Snakes hiss
Mice squeak Tigers growl, roar
Monkeys chatter, gibber Wolves howl, yelp
• Birds
Birds twitter, chirp, carol, sing, Owls hoot, screech, scream
warble, chirrup Parrots screech, chatter, talk
Cocks crow Pea-fowls scream
Crows caw Pigeons coo
Cuckoos coo Ravens crock
Doves coo Rooks caw
Ducks quack Sea-gulls scream
Eagles scream Sparrows chirp, twitter
Geese cackle, gobble, hiss (in anger) Squirrels squeak
Hawks scream Swallows twitter
Hens cackle, cluck, chuckle Swans cry
Kites scream Thrushes whistle
Larks sing, warble Turkeys gobble
Magpies chatter Vultures scream
Nightingales sing, warble
• Insects
Bees hum, buzz, murmur Crickets chirp
Beetles drone Flies buzz
Miscellaneous Sound
the babbling of a brook the churning of sea water
the beat of a drum the clanging of arms
the blaring of loudspeaker, trumpet the clangour of a bell, a hammer, a trumpet
the booming of cannons, guns the clanking of chains
the buzz of a telephone, conversation the clatter of hoofs, plates, spoons, knives
the chiming of bells, clock the clicking of knitting needles
the clinking of coins, sword the rumbling of heavy vehicles, cloud
the crack of a whip the crackling of fire, dry leaves, wood
the rustling of leaves, clothes, wind, paper the crash of shells
the shuffling of feet the crinkling of paper
the sighing of breeze the gnashing of teeth
the slam of a door the gona of bells
the splashing of water, oars the grating of machines
the swishing of cane, ladies’ skirts the gurgling of water

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the tapping at the bolted door the hissing of steam
the thudding of cannons, coconuts the jingling of coins
the thundering of clouds the lapping of water, waves
the tick of a clock the pattering of rain
the tinkling of bracelets, glasses the peal of church bells, thunder, laughter
the tolling of bells the tooting of a horn
the popping of corks the twanging of bowstrings
the prattling of a brook the whirring of an aeroplane, wings, computers
the purring of motor cars the rattling of wheels, cart, carriage
the whistling of wind the whizzing of arrows, motorcars
the rippling of water, rain the zooming of aeroplanes
the roaring of thunder, cannon, waves, laughter
Arms clang Keys jingle
Babies lisp Leaves rustle
Bells ring, chime, peal, jingle, tinkle, toll Railway engines hoot, whistle, roar
Rain patters Brakes screech, rasp
Reeds whisper Bugles blow
Bullets whizz Silk rustles
Chains clank Steel clinks
Coins jingle, tinkle Streams babble
Doors creak Teeth chatter
Drums beat Thunder roars, rumbles, rolls
Footsteps sound Trumpets blare
Guns boom, explode, roar Water ripples
Hoofs clatter Wind whistles, sighs
NATION AND NATIONALITY
Nationality Words
Country Person Nation Adjective
Belgium a Belgian the Belgians Belgian
Bulgaria a Bulgarian the Bulgarians Bulgarian
Germany a German the Germans German
Italy an Italian an Italian the Italians Italian
Mexico a Mexican the Mexicans Mexican
Morocco a Moroccan the Moroccans Moroccan
Nigeria a Nigerian the Nigerians Nigerian
Norway a Norwegian the Norwegians Norwegian
Russia a Russian the Russians Russian
USA and American an American the Americans
American
Czechosovakia a Czech the Czechs Czech
Greece a Greek the Greeks Greek
Thailand a Thai the Thais Thai

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Burma a Burmese the Burmese Burmese
China a Chinese the Chinese Chinese
Guyana a Guyanese the Guyanese Guyanese
Japan a Japanese the Japanese Japanese
Lebanon a Lebanese the Lebanese Lebanese
Portugal a Portuguese the Portuguese Portuguese
Switzerland a Swiss the Swiss Swiss
Britain a Briton/Britisher the British British
Denmark a Dane the Danes Danish
England an Englishman/Englishwoman the English English
Finland a Finn the Finns Finnish
France a Frenchman/Frenchwoman the French French
Holland/the a Dutchman/ the Dutch Dutch
Netherlands Dutchwoman
Poland a Pole the Poles Polish
Scotland a Scot the Scots Scottish
Spain a spaniard the Spanish Spanish
Sweden a Swede the Swede Swedish
Turkey a Turk the Turks Turkish
Wales a Welshman/ Welshwoman the Welsh Welsh
PLURAL FORMS OF CERTAIN PROBLEMATIC NOUNS
Singular Plural Singular Plural
addendum addenda forum forums, fora
alga algae fresco frescoes
alumnus alumni fulcrum fulcrums, fulcra
analysis analyses fungus fungi
antenna antennae genesis geneses
apex apexes, apices genius geniuses
appendix appendices (books, theses, etc.) genus half general halves
appendixes (in hoof hooves, hoofs
antomy) hypothesis hypotheses
aquarium aquaria, aquariums impetus impetuses
axis axes index indexes (to books,
bacillus bacilli theses, etc)
bacterium bacteria indices (in Maths)
bamboo bamboos kilo kilos
basis bases knife knives
beau beaux lacuna lacunae, lacunas
bonus bonuses larva larvae
cactus cacti maestro maestros, maestri
corps corps matrix matrices

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corrigendum corrigenda maximum maxima
crematorium crematoria medium media
crisis crises memorandum memoranda
criterion criteria menu menus
crux cruces minimum minima
curio curios momentum momenta,
monentums
datum data
desideratum desiderata mother-in-law mothers-in-law
dictum dicta narcissus narcissi,
narcissuses
dynamo dynamos
emporium emporia nebula nebulae
erratum errata nucleus nuclei
facsimile facsimiles oasis oases
focus focuses, foci (in scientific phenomenon phenomena
context) plateau plateaux, plateaus
formula formulae, formulas prospectus prospectuses
quiz quizzes syllabus syllabuses, syllabi
quorum quorums symposium symposia
quota quotas tableau tableaux
radio radios terminus termini,
terminuses
radius radii thesis theses
sanatorium sanatoria, tornado tornadoes
sanatoriums torpedo torpedoes
serf serfs trauma traumata, traumas
series series ultimatum ultimatums,
ultimata
serum sera sheaf sheaves
vacuum vacuums, vacua solo solos
species species spectrum spectra
vertebra vertebrae, sphinx sphinxes
stadium stadiums, stadia virtuoso virtuosi
stimulus stimuli virus viruses
stratum strata vista vistas
substratum substrata vortex vortices, vortexes
THEY GO IN PAIRS
In idiomatic phrases there are certain words that always go in pairs, as for example, kith and kin,
root and branch. The right words are to be placed in the right order. You just can’t alter the order of
words. It will be silly of you if you say, kin and kith, or branch and root.
Here is a list of words that generally go in pairs:
bag and baggage friends and foes loaves and fishes

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black and white gods and goddesses lock and key
black and blue gold and silver men and women
boys and girls hale and hearty part and parcel
bread and butter heart and soul prince and princess
carrots and radishes hearth and home questions and answers
cats and dogs here and there root and branch
cups and saucers high and low rack and ruin
dark and dreary horse and carriage slow and steady
doctors and nurses hot and cold sons and daughters
doors and windows hue and cry spick and span
duke and duchess ins and outs stout and strong
dull and drab joys and sorrows sum and substance
East and West knives and forks tooth and nail
fair and square ladies and gentlemen up and down
far and wide law and order ups and downs
fat and flabby lean and thin weal and woe
BITS AND PIECES OF THINGS
In English there are many words to talk about a piece of something. The substance may be solid
(a piece of wood), may not be solid (a drop of wine), may be solid but quite thin (a slice of bread), or
solid but small (a grain of salt), or solid but not so small (a block of stone).
Here is list of such words. It will let you know what substances these words refer to.
a bar of chocolate / soap a lump of coal / earth / clay
a bit of bread / paper / clay / wood a patch of cloud/ grass
a block of stone / wood a piece of bread / paper / wood / clay
a chip / flake / splinter / sliver of stone / wood a puff/wisp of smoke
a rasher of bacon a chunk / hunk of bread / meat
a ray of light a clod of earth
a scrap of cloth / paper a clot of blood
a scrap / shred of paper / cloth a crumb of bread / cake
a segment of orange a dash/ squirt/ squeeze of lemon juice/oil
a shred of cloth / paper a slab of stone / cheese
a drip of water a slice of bread / cake
a drop of water / wine / oil a splinter / sliver of glass
an ear of corn a square of chocolate
a flake of snow a strip of land / lawn / sandy beach
a fragment of matter a tablet of stone
a grain / pinch of salt a tract of land
a grain of sand a wad of cotton

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DIMINUTIVES
Diminutives are such words that denote small specimen of big things. They are ‘nouns that
express smallness, either actual or imputed, token of affection or contempt’. The chief suffixes
forming diminutives are: et (coronet), let (streamlet) en (chicken), ock (hillock,), ling (sapling).
The list of commonly used diminutives given below will be of immense help to you in the choice
of right words.

Word Diminutives scythe sickle

animal animalcule seed seedling
ankle anklet shade shadow
ball ballot star asterisk
bird birdie statue statuette
book booklet stream streamlet
car chariot table tablet
cigar cigarette top tip
city citadel tower turret
corn kernel umbrella parasol
crown coronet village hamlet
dame damsel wagon wagonette
dear darling weak weakling
Word Diminutives Look at these words, too :
drop droplet reticule a small net hand bag
eye eyelet ridicule small, mocking laughter
flower floweret, floret molecule a tiny particle of matter
globe globule funicle a small cord
hill hillock fledgling a baby bird; an inexperienced
home hamlet
person
lance lancet
gosling a baby goose
lock locket
princeling a prince of a small country
man manikin
sapling a very young tree; youth
mouth muzzle
Look at these, words, too :
nave navel
morsel a very small piece of food
nest nestling
globule a small drop of a liquid or melted
nose nozzle
solid
part particle
infinitesimal so small that it cannot be measured
pill pillow
poet poetaster ANNIVERSARY
puss pussy semi centennial 50th anniversary
ring ringlet centennial 100th anniversary
river rivulet sesquicentennial 150th anniversary
room roomette bicentennial 200th anniversary
rose rosette tercentennial 300th anniversary
sack satchel tetra centennial 400th anniversary

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pentacentennial 500th anniversary octennial occurring once in eight years
hexacentennial 600th anniversary decennial occurring once in ten years
Look at these words, too : HOW OLD ARE YOU?
They denote the varying periodic occurrence of I’m 15 years old. I’m an adolescent.
an event.
I’m 60 to 69 years old. I’m a sexagenarian.
biennial occurring once in two years
I’m 70 to 79 years old. I’m a septuagenarian.
triennial occurring once in three years
I’m 80 to 89 years old. I’m an octogenarian.
quadrennial occurring once in four years
I’m 90 to 99 years old. I’m a nonagenarian.
quinquennial occurring once in five years
I’m 100 years old. I’m a centenarian.
sexennial occurring once in six years
septennial occurring once in seven years

COMMONPLACE CPMPARISONS
The English language abounds in striking similes in which one thing is likened to another in such
a way as to clarify and enhance an image. As for example, as dead as a dorrnail, as blind as a bat,
and as cool as cucmber.
Here is a comprehensive list of comparative phrases of as.......as pattern:
A
As active as quicksilver As dark as midnight, as a dungeon, as pitch
As ageless as the sun As dead as a doornail, as a herring, as mutton,
As agile as a monkey, as a cat As dead as a dodo
As alike as two beans, as two peas As deaf as an adder, as a beetle, as a post
As ambitious as the devil, as Lady Macbeth As dear as life
As arid as the sands of the Sahara As deep as the ocean, as a well
As bald as a billiard ball, as a coot, as an egg, As desolate as a tomb.
as a badger
As devoted as a faithful dog
As bashful as a schoolgirl As different as chalk from cheese
As beautiful as a rainbow, as the sunset As dirty as ditch-water
As big as an elephant, as a whale As distant as the horizon
As black as a crow, as coal, as ebony, as jet, as As dry as a bone, as dust, as a mummy, as a stick
pitch, as midnight, as a raven, as soot, as ink As dumb as a statue
As blind as a bat, as a mole, as a beetle As easy as ABC, as lying
As blue as the indigo, as the sky As eloquent as Cicero
As boundless as the ocean As elusive as quicksilver
As bounteous as nature As empty as space
As brave as a lion As faitthful as a dog
As brief as a dream, as time, as a candle As fast as a hare, as light
As bright as a button, as day, as light, As fickle as the weather
as a new pin, as silver
As bright as silver As ferocious as a lion
As brittle as glass As fierce as a tiger

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As busy as a bee As firm as a rock, as steel, as faith
As cheap as dirt As fit as a fiddle
As cheerful as lark As flat as a billiard table, as a board, as a pancake
As clear as crystal, as daylight, as noonday As flat as a pancake
As cold as charity, as a frog, as stone, as marble, as ice As free as the air, as a bird
As fresh as a daisy, as a rose, as dew
As cool as a cucumber As gay as a lark
As cosy as a bird’s nest As gentle as dove, as a lamb, as a fawn
As countless as the desert sands, as the stars As gloomy as night
As crisp as new bank notes As glorious as the sun
As crooked as a corkscrew As good as gold
As cross as two sticks As graceful as a swan
As cruel as death, as winter As greedy as a dog, as a hog, as a wolf
As cunning as a fox As green as grass
As grey as smoke As simple as ABC
As grim as death, as hell As slippery as an eel, as a serpent
As hard as flint, as a marble, as granite, as nails As slow as a snail
As harmless as a babe, as a dove As sly as a fox
As heavy as lead, as sand As smooth as butter, as oil, as velvet
As helpless as a babe As snug as bug in a rug
As high as heaven, as the stars As soft as butter, as fur, as silk, as wax, as wool
As honest as the day As solid as a rock
As hungry as a church mouse, as a wolf As solitary as a tomb
As impatient as a lover As sound as a bell
As industrious as an ant As spineless as a jelly fish
As inevitable as death As spotless as snow
As innocent as a babe, as a dove As steadfast as the sun
As large as life As steady as a rock
As light as a feather, as a butterfly, as air As stealthy as a cat
As lively as a cricket As straight as an arrow, as a lance
As mad as a hatter, as a March hare As stubborn as a mule
As mean as a miser As superstitious as sailors
As meek as a dove, as lamb As sure as death, as fate
As mischievous as a kitten, as monkey As sweet as honey, as sugar
As natural as life As swift as an arrow, as thought, as lightning,
As new as day as the wind
As obstinate as a mule As talkative as a magpie
As old as the hills As tall as a maypole, as steeple
As pale as death, as a ghost As tender as a bud, as lamb, as a chicken
As peaceful as sleep As tough as leather, as nails
As piercing as light As transparent as glass
As plain as a pikestaff As ugly as a scarecrow

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As pretty as a picture As uncertain as the weather
As progressive as time As unchangeable as the past
As proud as a peacock As vain as a peacock
As punctual as clockwork As variable as the weather
As pure as a lily As venomous as a snake
As red as blood, as crimson, as a rose, as fire, As wary as a fox
as scarlet As watchful as a hawk, as a sentinel
As regular as clockwork As white as snow, as wool
As sacred as shrine As wily as a fox
As sharp as a needle, as a razor As wise as Solomon
LOVER WORDS
• Lover of books Bibliophile
• Lover of children Paedophile
• Lover of animals Zoophile / Zoophilist
• Lover of trees Dendrophile
• Lover of hands Cheirophile
• Lover of feet Podophile
• Lover of horses Hippophile
• Lover of knowledge Bibliologist
• Lover of words Philologist
• Lover of nomadic life Nomads
• Lover of vegetables Vegetarian
• Lover of meat Carnivore
• Lover of human flesh Cannibal
• Lover of grandeur Megalomaniac
• Lover of war Warmonger
• Lover of peace Pacifist, Peace-loving
• Lover of democracy Democrat
• Lover of dictatorship Dictator
• Lover of mobocracy Mobocrat
• Lover of one’s country Patriot
• Lover of good food Gourmet
• Lover of good taste in art, painting, etc Connoisseur
• Lover of travelling round the world Globetrotter
• Lover of God and religion Theist
• Lover of alcoholic drink Drunkard
• Lover of society Sociable
• Lover of money Mercenary
• Lover of sports and games Sports fan, Sportsman
• Lover of mankind Humanitarian, Philanthropist
• Lover of material things Materialist
• Lover of self Narcissist

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HATER WORDS
• Hater of women Misogynist
• Hater of mankind Misanthrope
• Hater of knowledge Misologist
• Hater of alcoholic drinks Teetotaller
• Hater of war Pacifist
• Hater of idol worship Iconoclast
• Hater of pomp and show Austere
• Hater of marriage Celebate, Misogamist
• Hater of worldly life Recluse
GRAPHY WORDS
Autobiography story of a person’s life written by himself
Biography story of a person’s life written by someone else
Calligraphy elegant handwriting
Chronography a record of past time; history
Demography study of births, deaths, diseases, etc to show the
condition of a community
Epistolography the art of letter-writing
Geography science of the earth’s surface, physical features,
divisions, climate, products, population, etc
Homography process of printing from parts of a flat stone or sheet
of zinc or aluminum that are prepared to receive a
greasy ink
Microcomography a description of a man as microcosm
Orthography writing with correct penmanship and spelling
Polygraphy literary productiveness; writing on a variety of subjects
Seismography the study of earthquakes
Photography art or process of taking photographs
Topography description of the features, eg rivers, valleys, roads, of
a place or district
Telegraphy the technique of sending message by electrical singals
Videography the recording of sound and vision, eg of television
programmes by magnetic tape
Xeroxography a scientific method of photostating

LOGY WORDS Angiology Study of Blood Flow And

Different Forms of Science and Studies Lymphatic System
Acoustics Science of Sound Anthropology Study of Human Cultures
Aerology Study of The Atmosphere Apiology Study of Bees
Aeronautics Study of Navigation Through Air Arachnology Study of Spiders
or Space Arthrology Study of Joints
Anatomy Study of The Structure of The Astrology Study of Influence of Stars on
Body People

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Astronomy Study of Celestial Bodies Herpetology Study of Reptiles and
Astrophysics Study of Behaviour of Interstellar Amphibians
Matter Hippology The Study of Horses
Bibliology Study 0f Books Histology Study of The Tissues of
Biology Study of Life Organisms
Botany Study of Plants Histopathology Study of Changes in Tissue Due
Cardiology Study of The Heart to Disease
Cartography The Science of Making Maps Horticulture Study of Gardening
and Globes Hydrology Study of Water Resources
Chemistry Study of Properties of Ichthyology Study of Fish
Substances Immunology Study of Immunity
Chirography Study of Handwriting or Kinetics Study of Forces Producing or
Penmanship Changing Motion
Chiropody Medical Science of Feet Lexicology Study of Words and Their
Cosmology Study of The Universe Meanings
Cynology Scientific Study of Dogs Lexigraphy Art of Definition of Words
Cytology Study of Living Cells Limnology Study of Bodies of Fresh Water
Dendrology Study of Trees Linguistics Study of Language
Dermatology Study of Skin Lithology Study of Rocks
Ecology Study of Environment Mathematics Study of Magnitude, Number,
Economics Study of Material Wealth and Forms
Electrochemistry Study of Relations Between Mechanics Study of Action of Force on
Electricity and Chemicals Bodies
Electrostatics Study of Static Electricity Metallurgy Study of Alloying and Treating
Metals
Entomology Study of Insects
Meteorology Study of Weather
Epidemiology Study of Diseases; Epidemics
Microbiology Study of Microscopic Organisms
Epistemology Study of Grounds Of Knowledge
Mycology Study of Funguses
Ethnology Study of Cultures
Myology Study of Muscles
Ethology Study of Natural or Biological
Character Mythology Study of Myths; Fables; Tales
Etiology The Science of Causes; Nephrology Study of The Kidneys
Especially of Disease Neurology Study of Nervous System
Etymology Study of Origins of Words Numerology Study of Numbers
Euthenics Science Concerned With Numismatics Study of Coins
Improving Living Conditions Obstetrics Study of Midwifery
Gastronomy Study of Fine Dining Odontology Study of Teeth
Geography Study of Surface of The Earth Ombrology Study of Rain
and Its Inhabitants Oncology Study of Tumours
Geology Study of Earth’s Crust Oology Study of Eggs
Gerontology Study of The Elderly; Aging Ophiology Study of Snakes
Glaciology Study of Ice Ages And Glaciation Ophthalmology Study of Eye Diseases
Heliology Science of The Sun Optics Study of Light
Hematology Study of Blood Ornithology Study of Birds
Hepatology Study of Liver Orology Study of Mountains

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Orthography Study of Spelling Medical Applications
Osmology Study of Smells and Olfactory Rheology Science of The Deformation or
Processes Flow of Matter
Osteology Study of Bones Rheumatology Study of Rheumatism
Paedology Study of Children Rhinology Study of The Nose
Palaeontology Study of Fossils Seismology Study of Earthquakes
Papyrology Study of Paper Semantics Study of Meaning
Pathology Study of Disease Semantology Science of Meanings of Words
Pedagogics Study of Teaching Sociology Study of Society
Pedology Study of Soils Spectrology Study of Ghosts
Petrology Study of Rocks Stasiology Study of Political Parties
Pharmacognosy Study of Drugs of Animal and Teleology Study of Final Causes; Analysis
Plant Origin in Terms of Purpose
Pharmacology Study of Drugs Theology Study of Religion; Religious
Philately Study of Postage Stamps Doctrine
Philosophy Science of Knowledge or Thermodynamics Study of Relation of Heat To
Wisdom Motion
Physics Study of Properties of Matter and Thermology Study of Heat
Energy Topology Study of Places and Their
Physiology Study of Processes of Life Natural Features
Piscatology Study of Fishes Toxicology Study of Poisons
Planetology Study of Planets Trichology Study of Hair and Its Disorders
Podiatry Study and Treatment of Urology Study of Urine; Urinary Tract
Disorders of the Foot; Chiropody Virology Study of Viruses
Potamology Study of Rivers Vulcanology Study of Volcanoes
Psychology Study of Mind Xylology Study of Wood
Pyrgology Study of Towers Zoology Study of Animals
Radiology Study of X-Rays and Their Zymology Science of Fermentation

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary

5. SOME IMPORTANT PHRASAL VERBS

• Account for He asked her to ac- • Be off All of us must be off now.
count for the downfall of the Mughal Empire. • Bear on/upon Your
• Act on/upon This medicine can suggestion does not bear on/upon my problem.
act on the heart. • Bear out
• Add to The garden adds to the beauty we will bear out his statement.
of the house. • Bear up
• Add up I asked him to add up (i) Mohan bore up well against all his misfor-
ten figures. tunes.
• Allow for It will take almost an (ii) Tell them to bear up.
hour to reach the station, allowing for traffic de- • Beat down
lays.
(i) He demanded eighty thousand for the car but
• Allow of The patinent's condition I beat him down.
allows of no delay.
(ii) I beat down his price.
• Answer back A good boy
• Beat up The thief
should not answer back his elders.
was badly beaten up.
• Answer for I cannot answer for
• Bend to I cannot bend to his terms and
his misconduct.
conditions.
• Ask after He asked after her
• Be bent on
health.
She is bent on mastering French.
• Ask for She asked me for help.
• Block up All the roads
• Ask in I was standing at the gate were blocked up by heavy snowfall.
but he did not ask me in.
• Blot out The mist came
• Back down down and blotted out the view.
She said that she had some share in this • Blot out The Indian
property but later on she backed down. army blotted out the trace of the enemy troops.
• Back off He clamined that the • Blow in/into
recovered radio was his but when he was asked
The boys broke the door and blew in/into
to produce the papers, he backed off.
the room.
• Back out
She backed out from her promise of marrying • Blow out The candle blew
him. out. The candle was blown out by the wind.
• Back up • Blow up The gas
We backed him up in this election. cylinder blew up.
• Bail out The high Court bailed • Board out I live in his
him out. house but I board out.
• Bank on/upon We do • Boil away
not bank on your help. The water had all bolied away and the kettle was
empty.
• Bargai nwith I bargained with the
farmer for the piece of land. • Boil down It all boiled down
to this.
• Bargain for He
did not bargain for my singing so well. • Boil over

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
The milk boiled over. Gowda government.
• Border on/upon Your suggestion • Bring forth
borders on/upon a fool's. She brought forth two children.
• Branch off • Bring forward
When the Danapur-Howrah (i) He brought forward the idea of opening a
Express derailed near school.
Bankaghat, all other trains branched off two days. (ii) The meeting has been brought forward to
• Branch out His busi- Saturday.
ness is branching out. • Bring in
• Break away The government intends to bring in
(i) A senior J.D. leader broke away and formed legislation to prevent the exploitation of women.
a new party. • Bring off
(ii) He broke away from her and raced for the It was not an easy task but we
door. brought it off. (= managed it successfully).
• Break down Bring off
(i) The law and order situation in the state has The passengers and the crew were
broken down. brought off by the Mumbai Boat Club.
(ii) Some anti-social elements have broken • Bring on He was
down the academic atmosphere of this col- out all day in the rain and this brought on a bad
lege. cold.
• Break in Some burglars • Bring out
had broken in while we were away on leave. (i) When are the publishers bringing out your
• Breake into new book?
Some thieves broke into his house last (ii) She did not bring out the meaning of this
night. poem.
• Break off She has broken • Bring round Two players fainted
off her engagement. in the scorching heat but they were soon brought
• Break out round.
Cholera broke out in my village last year. • Bring to
• Break up The steamer dashed (i) They brought the girl to with smelling salts.
against a big rock and broke up. (ii) They brought you to.
• Break with • Bring under
(i) She broke with her bosom friend. (i) The government brought the rebel under.
(ii) Every body should break with bad habits. (ii) These points can be brought under three
• Breathe upon main heads.
She eloped with her lover and thereby • Bring up She
breathed upon her family's perstige. has brought up three children.
• Bring along I asked her to bring • Brood on/over
her friends along.
• Bring back Nobody will like to bring
She sits there brooding on whether life is worth
back the Sati-System.
living.
• Bring donw
• Brush away She brushed
The Congress party brought down the Deve
away a fly from her nose.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Brush aside He She called on the Chief Minister.
brushed aside all objections. • Call out The fire brigade was called
• Build on/upon She should not build out to get control over the fire.
on her lover's promises. • Call up As soon as I reach Delhi,
• Build up Traffic is building up. I will call you up.
Build up He has • Call up I call up the events of my
built up a good business. childhood.
• Burn away Half the candle has • Care about He does not care
burnt away. about his career.
• Burn down • Care for Who will care for her
if her husband dies?
(i) The house burnt down. • Care for I do not care for a drink.
(ii) The house was burnt down. • Carry away
• Burn out The fire burnt out. One should not be carried away by one's enthusi-
asm.
• Burn up She put some wood on the
fire and made it burn up. • Carry off She carried off all the school
prizes.
• Burst in Nobody can tolerate your
bursting in. • Carry on You must
carry on your studies.
• Burst in on They will burst
in on us any moment. • Carry out A soldier al-
ways carries out the orders of his commander.
• Burst on/upon The view burst
upon our sight. • Cast aside He cast
aside his first wife.
• Buy off He bought the black-
mailer off. • Catch up (with) Go ahead, she
will soon catch up/catch up with you.
• Buy out
I bought the money lender out. • Catch out I
caught him out.
• Buy over
He bought the Magistrate over and got • Cheer up Your visit
the verdict given in his favour. has cheered up the sick child.
• Call at Cheer up The children cheered up
I called at her house but found her absent. on their results.
• Call back Call the soldiers back. • Clear away The clouds have cleared
away.
• Call dwon He called down curses
on his wife's head. • Clear off I cleared him off.
• Call for Some • Clear out The police
political parties called for the resignation of the are after him, he had better clear out.
Chief Minister. • Climb down He
• Call in She does not call anybody climbed down the tree.
in. • Climb up you should not try to climb up
• Call off The an electric pole.
proposed strike was called off. • Close down The workers
• Call on/upon forced the Manager to close down the factory.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Close in on/upon Snow closed in a good fortune.
on the rocks. • Come in for Her
• Close with She did love affair with an old man has come in for a
not close with his offer of marrying him. great deal of criticism.
• Cloud over His eyes were • Come in on Think carefully before
clouded over with tears. you come in on this scheme.
• Cloud over The sky clouded over. • Come of Meera comes of
• Come about How did all this come a rich family.
about? • Come off Her marriage comes off next
• Come about It came about in this month.
way. • Come off A button has come off
your shirt.
• Come across
While I was going to market. I came across a • Come on You go first, I shall come
saint. on later.
• Come after The villagers came • Come out She does not come
after the thieves, with sticks and spears. out of her room late at night.
• Come along Come along if you • come out When will his next book
want to see your would-be husband. come out ?
• Come at You can't come at • Come out with The old woman come
the truth. out with a most interesting story.
• Come at The robbers came at • Come over They are coming
him with daggers. over to Shimla for a holiday.
• Come away from The • Come round The road
handle came away from the door. was blocked so we had to come round by the
• Come back He will come fields.
back from London next week. • Come through
• Come between It is With such a weak heart, she was lucky to
not advisable to come between a man and his come through.
wife. • Come to He came
• Come by to after three hours of the accident.
(i) You cannot come by a job. • Come under Your
point cannot come under this heading.
(ii) Was the money honestly come by?
• Come up No question has
• Come down
come up yet.
(i) Temperature has come down.
• Come up against
(ii) Prices will not come down. Don't give up hopes, come up against difficul-
• Come forward No ties.
one has come forward as a candidate. • Come up to The water came up my
• Come from I come neck.
from Sultanpur West. • Come up to Your achievement does
• Come in I asked him not come up to my expectation.
to come in. • Come upon Fear should not
• Come in for He has come in for come upon us.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Cool down I feel your passion for • Deal in Mohan deals
her has cooled down. in diamond.
• Count on/upon I never count on • Deal with I do not deal with a
your help. liar.
• Crop with He cropped two acres with • Deal with This book deals with
wheat. the burning problems of India.
• Crop up • Deal with [ ]
Many problems have cropped up in this project. I do not deal with Mohan, the grocer.
• Crowd round People crowded • Die away
round the spot of the accident. (i) The commotion died away.
• Cry down Many steps of the present (ii) The noise died away.
government have been cried down. • Die down
• Cry off She had His anger died down.
promised to help me, but she cried off at last. • Die for She is dying
• Cry up Her for a drink.
performance was not well but She cried it up. • Die off The leaves of this
• Cut acroos [ ]: tree are dying off.
As the road was bad, we had to cut across a • Die out Many old
field.
customs have died out.
• Cut away He cut away all the
• Dig out They dug out the
dead branches of the tree.
snake and killed it.
• Cut back The workers did not work
• Dig up We dug the trees up by
properly and cut back the production of the fac-
the roots.
tory.
• Dispose of
• Cut down We should
stop cutting down trees. (i) She has disposed of her necklace.
• Cut down on You should (ii) You must dispose of all this work today.
cut down on wine • Do away with The Sati
• Cut into He cut into my story. System was done away with.

• Cut in on Don't try to cut in on • Do down One

the conversation. should not try to do one's friends down.

• Cut off • Do for

The butcher cut off the head of the cow. His juniors have been doing for him since
his wife died.
• Cut out The engine of
• Do in The dog was done in after it
the car has cut out.
had gone mad.
• Cut out This article is not impor-
• Do over The drawing room
tant, so I want to cut it out.
needs doing over.
• Cut out We have to cut out all our ri-
• Do up
vals.
(i) This monument needs doing up.
• Cut up She cut up fish.
(ii) Your house needs to be done up.
• Cut up Our army will cut up the
army of Pakistan. • Do with Indu is do-
ing with the money you have given her.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Do without • Drive out He drove out the cows
from the field.
(i) How is he doing without money? • Drop away [ ] The
(ii) We must try to do without others. members of this party are dropping away one by
one.
• Drag into She is
not interested in parties, but her husband drags • Drop across [ ]) While I was go-
her into going. ing to market. I dropped across Manoj.
• Drag on All the work in this • Drop back [ ] A minor rift made the
office drags on. two lovers drop back.
• Drag on He drags out a meet- • Drop in [
ing. I dropped in for a few minutes to ask
• Drag up The care- about his health.
less parents drag up their children. • Drop off Her
• Drain away/off friends dropped off one by one.
They dug trenches to drain the water away/off. • Drop out Five of the
• Drain away/off [ runners dropped out.
The dirty water will soon drain away/off. • Dry up
• Draw back (i) She dried up her hair.
He drain back from my proposal. (ii) This river has dried up.
• Draw in The days begin to • Dwell on/upon
draw in after midsummer. He dwells on too much
• Draw on ( Night is about to draw on. about his past.
• Draw on She drew a • Eat into Rust eats into
rich man on. iron.
• Draw out I want to draw out • Eat up He has eaten up all the bis-
the subject into five volumes. cuits.
• Draw out The goldsmith heated • End off As him to end off his
the gold biscuit and drew it out into a long wire. speech.
• Draw up [ (Vehicle ] All the • Enter into She entered
taxis drew up in front the station. into a conversation with her friends.
• Dream away Why does she Enter into She en-
dream away her time? tered into her friend's feelings.
• Dress down • Enter on/upon He entered on/
He is impudent, so I dress him down. upon a career.
• Explain away
• Drink in Blotting paper drinks
in ink. It is difficult for you to explain
away your misconduct with her.
• Drink down/off/up
He was very thirsty, so he drank a bottle of water • Fade away The flowers in my gar-
down/off/up. den have faded away.
• Drink to [ • Fade away
] He drinks to Daylight faded away.
your health. • Fall away His followers have
begun to fall away.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Fall back When we have failed to find out the kidnappers.
advanced, our enemies fell back. • Finish off/up They finished
• Fall back on off /up everything given to them.
We will have to fall • Follow out
back on these broken chairs as good chairs are He will follow out this plan.
not available here. • Get about The news of his
• Fall behind In the death was censored, but it soon got out.
race he started to run fast but later on he fell be- • Get ahead My
hind. brother has got ahead of all the boys in the class.
• Fall down on She fell down on • Get along We cannot get along
her promises. without books.
• Fall flat All his plans have fallen • Get along with If he wants to con-
flat. tinue here, he should learn to get along with his
• Fall for He falls for boss.
every beautiful girl he sees. • Get at We cannot get at the kidnapped
• Fall in [ ] girl.
The roof of my class room fell in. • Get away All the
• Fall off The number dacoits got away.
of students in your institute is falling off. • Get back The Congress hopes
• Fall on/upon to get back at the next election.
(i) Some terrorists fell on/upon the police. • Get by It is difficult for you to get
(ii) The mob fell on the dacoits and beat them to by such low wages.
death. • Get down He got the big tablet
• Fall out with down.
He fell out with the girl he had wanted to • Get in She got in five minutes late.
marry. • Get into This shirt is too small for her
• Fall through All his to be got into.
schemes fell through. • Get off We should get off imme-
• Fell for She was feeling in his diately after the car arrives.
pocket for a coin. • Get on If you are labori-
• Feel out ous, you are sure to get on in life.
I will feel out the students of the • Get on with (somebody):
class. She does not get on with anybody.
• Fell up to My grandfather does not
• Get on with (something) Please
feel up to a long walk.
ask her to get on with her work.
• Fight down I will fight
• Get out After all, the
down the mutiny in the party.
secret got out.
• Fight off He was
• Get over He cannot get over his be-
redady to fight off a cold.
loved.
• Fill out His cheeks have filled out.
• Get round He knows
• Fill up He asked the petrol pump how to get round his parents.
operator to fill up the tank of the car. • Get through He should start as soon
• Find out The police as the letter gets through.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Get through Mohan • Go over We
failed twice but this time he will get through as must go over the car before we buy it.
he works very hard. • Go through He
• Get up We should get up before has to go through hardship.
sunrise. • Go through This Bill
• Give away The Principal gave will not go through.
away the prizes. • Go under This
• Give in to He will not give company will surely go under unless it improves
in to your arguments. its condition.
• Give out My patience has given • Go up The temperature is going up ev-
out. ery day.
• Give up • Grow on/upon
(i) He has given up smoking. Some bad habits have grown on/
(ii) She says that she cannot give up gambling. upon you.
• Go about He has stopped going • Grow up His eldest
about. daugter has grown up.
• Go ahead They are • Hand down The
going ahead fast. king handed down the throne to his eldest son.
• Go along with I can go along with • Hand over
you there. (i) Don't keep my books there-hand them over
• Go at He went at his enemy at once.
and killed him by cutting off his throat. (ii) I want to hand over my place on the
• Go away He asked his maid servant committe.
to go away. • Hand over The murder was handed
• Go away with His servant over to the police.
went away with his car. • Hand about
• Go back on He They are haning about at the street.
cannot go back on his word. • Hang back
• Go by Time goes by slowly. When volunteers were asked for, not one man
hung back.
• Go down I saw a ship going down.
• Hang on They hung on until
• Go down It seems that the cost of
the rope broke.
living will never go down.
• Hang out When the Chief
• Go for If you are not cautious,
Minister arrived, some of the villagers hung out
the dog may go for you. black flags.
• Go forward Does the inspection go • Have (sth) back You will have
forward well? your books back next week.
• Go in The key does not go in.
• Hear out I cannot declare him
• Go off guilty unitl I hear him out.
The pistol went off by chance. • Help out [ ]
• Go on He is going on When he was in crisis, she helped out him.
with his new project. Help out Her beauty helps out
• Go out The candle has gone out. her short height.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Hit out • Keep down He fails to
The leader of the oppositioin hit out against the keep down his anger.
state government. • Keep in with
• Hit on/upon He hit upon You must keep in with your follow-
a plan for making money. ers.
• Hold back Why • Keep off It seems that the
are your customers holding back? rains will keep off for a long time.
• Hold back His financial • Keep on She kept on dancing al-
crisis is holding him back. though she was tired.
• Hold in She requested • Keep out We must keep out of
him to hold in his temper. their quarrels.
• Hold off When the criminals saw the • Keep to Without
police, they held off. trying to befool us, keep to the subject.
• Hold off Hold your dog off. • Keep under The police
• Hold on [ ]: He has manged to keep the rebels under.
learnt to hold out these attacks. • Keep up
• Hold over The meeting was held Keep up good work.
over for a week. • Keep up with
• Holo up I cannot keep up with you because you are very
(i) He was held up by the police. rich.
(ii) Some travellers were held up by some • Kick out Why was he kicked
dacoits. out of the bar ?
• Hold with • Knock about
I do not hold with drinking in presence of The ship was knocked about by storms.
children. • Knock about
• Hunt down Many of his friends knock
The police will hunt down the criminal. about all over India.
• Hunt for I am • Knock down
hunting for my lost books. (i) She knocked the urffians down.
• Hunt out (ii) A boy was knocked down by a jeep.
His • Knock off It is
father is hunting out the diary of 1958. time to knock off for lunch.
• Hush up He tried • Knock out
unsuccessfully to hush up the fact that the woman He knocked his opponent
who lived with him was his kept. out.
• Jump at She jumped • Knock up Please knock her up at five
at his proposal of marriage. o'clock.
• Jump on/upon He • Lash out
jumped on his rival.
(i) The horse lashed out at him.
• Keep away (from something) Keep
(ii) The leader of the opposition lashed out
away from the elephant.
against the government.
• Keep back She was doing
• Laugh at We should not laugh
well in dance, but her husband kept her back.
at a man who is int trouble.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Laugh down She got only fifteen marks in this paper, so he was not
laughed the proposal down. let through.
• Laugh off He laughs • Let up The rain did not let up.
off an embarassing situation. • Lie back He is lying
• Launch out/Launch out into He back in an arm chair.
tried to launch out into a new debate. • Lie on/upon As he is unemployed,
• Lay about He laid about he still lies on/upon his old father for his pocket
his enemies with a sword. money.
• Lay aside One should lay aside • Lie over The
some money for bad days. matter should lie over for the next meeting.
• Lay before The police laid the • Live down She hopes to live
culprit before the Judge. down the sexual scandal.
• Lay down The Chief Minister laid down • Live on It is now difficult to
the foundation of a bridge. live on in a village.
• Lay off Wheat was laid in • Live on (something) The
stores. cow lives on grass.
• Lay off The Man- • Live to A man of disci-
ager laid off some of the workers. plined life lives to a great age.
• Lay off The • Live up to
doctor told him to lay off for a month.
• Lay on It is difficult for us to live in this You do not live up to your reputation.
flat until doors and windows are laid on. • Look about for He is still
• Lay out Don't lay out money care- looking about for a job.
lessly. • Look after One should look after
• Lay under You cannot lay one's old parents.
under a criminal like him. • Look down on She
• Lay up He looks down on the female receptionists.
is laid up with fever. • Look for She is looking for a
• Leave off job.
(i) The rain has not left off yet. • Look forward to I am looking
(ii) It is time to leave off work. forward to seeing you soon.
• Look in (on somebody)
• Leave out [ ] He has
left out many words from this passage. Please, tell him to look in (on me) next
week.
• Leave over That matter can be
left over until we meet again. • Look into The
Minister assured us that the matter would be
• Let in That high wall does not
looked into soon.
let in light in my room.
• Look on He is not a cricket
• Let off A player but he looks on cricket matches.
guilty man should not be let off.
• Look out She is look-
• Let out He let the dirty water ing out for her lover.
out of the cooler.
• Look over We
• Let through He must look over the flat before we buy it.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Look round and moved in.
Don't make haste in taking any deci- • Move on [
sion, look round well first. ] The S.P. ordered the policemen to move
• Look through You must on.
look through your notes before the examination. • Part with A miser cannot
• Look to We are looking to our part with his money.
leader for help. • Pass away The sick man
• Look up Can he look up this passed away last night.
word in a dictionary? • Pass for He is simply a B.A. but
• Look up to We look up to Mr. he passes for a learned man in this small village.
Sinha as our guide. • Pass off [ ]: Our meet-
• Make after The dog made after ing passed off peacefully.
the thief. • Pass off [ My
• Make at The angry headache has not passed off.
young man made at the rickshaw puller. • Pass on I am grieved to learn that
• Make away with Why did she your beloved wife has passed on.
make away with herself ? • Pass out [
• Make for The mad dog made ]: She does not go to school now as She
for me and I had to run. has passed out.
• Make of She is unable to • Pass over He passed
make of her friend's behaviour. me over and supported my rival.
• Make off [ ] The • Pass through You have to
car knocked him down and made off. pass through a lot of problems if you want to
• Make off (something) His marry a girl of your choice.
servant made off with his T.V. and tape recorder. • Pay back [ The money that
• Make out He is unable to I borrowed from him has been paid back.
make out the meaning of this passage. • Pay for [ ]:
• Make over Nobody can make You will have to pay for your dishonesty.
over his personality in a day. • Pay off
• Make up You have to make up the I have paid off my creditors.
course within two months. • Pay up He did not
• Make up for Her beauty cannot pay up, so he was taken to court.
make up for her impudence. • Pick off Don't pick
• Meet with He met with a seri- off flowers in my garden.
ous accident last week. • Pick out He picks
• Mess about [ out his friends in a crowd.
] We do not like • Pick up The boy picked up
him, he often messes about. the pencil and went away.
• Mess up The late • Play at [
arrival of the plane messed up all our plans. Go him properly, you are only playing at boxing.
• Move in I bought a flat • Play on/upon Don't try to play
and moved in. on our helplessness.
• Movv in I bought a flat

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Play with It is wrong • Put away [
for a man to play with a woman's affection. ]: Put your toys away.
• Pull about The rude • Put back ]:
letter was pulled apart. It seems that the meeting will be put back again.
• Pull down The contractor pulled • Put by It is always a good idea to
down the old building to construct a new one. have something put by.
• Pull off [ She • Put down The government
pulled off some good wins at the race. should put down gambling and prostitution.
• Pull out The publisher pulled • Put down to His failure was put down
out the supplement of the magazine and produced to his carelessness.
it in the form of a book. • Put down for [ ]: He
• Pull in This film will surely pull will put you down for a contribution of twenty
in large audience. five thousand rupees.
• Pull round [( • Put in He put in two hours
The sick woman has pulled round. or so campaigning.
• Pull through • Put in for He put in for
Being intelligent and courageous, he often the post of accountant.
pulls through. • Put off We should not put off the
• Pull up Children should not meeting.
always be pulled up. • Put on She put on her
• Pull up He pulled up your business by glasses and went out.
disturbing your customers. • Put out Radha put out the lamp and
• Push along went to sleep.
I must push along as I feel some diffi- • Put through He asked his son to
culty here put through his business deal.
• Push off Ask the wicked girl • Put up They put up their
to push off. hands in favour of my proposal.
• Push over Many old men • Put upon We do not like to
and women were pushed over in the stampede. be put upon.
• Push through • Put up with I cannot put up with
This legisla- such an insult.
tion should be pushed through. • Read out She was forced to read
• Push up out the letter.
The black marketeers push up the prices • Rub in
of commodities. All right, there is no
• Put about [ A rumour need to rub it in.
was put about to the effect that she had eloped • Rub off She rubbed off the
with her lover. dirt with her hand.
• Put across [ • Rub out
]: It is difficult for him to put He wrote a few lines in his copy and
across his ideas. rubbed them out.
• Put aside [ ]: Put aside some • Rule out
money for future. The B.J.P. ruled out the possiblity of any alliance

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
with the R.J.D. • Send down [ ]
• Run across He was sent down for misbehaving with a girl
I ran across Mohan to borrow some books. student.
• Run after Don't run • Send down The heavy rain sent the
after wealth. temperature down.
• Run away Seeing the police, the thief • Send for The condition of the pa-
ran away. tient is serious, send for a doctor.
• Run down A boy was run down by • Send out Fire sends out heat.
a speedy bus. • Sent out Trees send
• Run in The drunken old man out new leaves in spring.
was run in for teasing a young lady. • Set about He is going to
• Run into The car got out of set about a business.
control and ran into a tree. • Set against The naughty boy set a
• Run off The accoun- dog against the beggar.
tant ran off with all the money. • Set apart
• Run off My patience We should set
has run out. apart some time doing the welfare work.
• Run over A bus ran • Set aside [
over a little boy. ] I have set aside some fortune for fu-
• Run through She ran ture.
through the money she had borrowed from her Set aside [(legal) ]
friend. (i) her claim in the property of her father was
• See about She has set aside.
decided to see about the feast. (ii) The High Court set aside the verdict of the
• See off He is going to the station to lower court.
see off his parents. • Set back The cultural
• See out revolution set back the modernization of China
His sevant will see you out. for many years.
• See over We must see over • Set down [ ]:
the house we want to buy. (i) Would you set me down here ?
• See through (ii) The bus set us down outside the station.
The police Inspector saw throgh the evil design • Set four [
of the culprit. ] He set fort his theories on child
• See to I have appointed a peon education in this book.
to see to the institute. • Set in The rainy season has set in.
• Sell out There are no copies of
• Set off [ ]: They have
that book lelt. I have sold them out.
set off on a journey round India.
• Sell out [
• Set on He
] My set a dog on her.
friend sold out the share of his business and went
• Set out He set out to find out
into retirement.
the soultion to this problem.
• Sell off [ ] He
• Set out They set out
sold off his car for the treatment of his son.
along the beach.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Set to [ does she stand with her master?
]: We set to and made the voters caste their • Stay out The chidren should
votes in favor of our candidate. not stay out at night.
• Set up He is going to • Stay out The workers stayed
set up an industry. out for a week.
• Set upon We were set upon by a • Stay up He often stays up
swarm of bees. reading until midnight.
• Settle down He settled • Step out You
down in his arm chair to watch. T.V. shall not step out without my permission.
• Settle down He has settled • Step down The lead-
down well in this job ers of top position always pressure the P.M. to
• Settle in They step down.
have bought a flat and have settled in. • Step in If the Chairman had not
• Settle on [ stepped in, the scene in the assemby would have
]: He become ugly.
seettled part of his state on his eldest son. • Step up The workers worked hard to
• Settle on They step up the production.
have settled on a place to meet. • Stick up The twig was
• Settle up with As sticking up out of water.
soon as money arrives. I will settle up with the • Stick on It is difficult for her to
grocer. stick on a horse for five hours.
• Shake off • Show over/round/around
The thief ran fast and soon shook off the police .The guide showed us over the old fort.
who were chasing him. • Show up Her sin
• Shake off Try to shake yourself showed up.
off the fit of depression. • Show (somebody/something) up
• Shake out We must show up a fraud.
The troops were ordered to shake out. • Smile upon Fortune does
• Shake up Shake up the bottle before not smile upon everybody.
taking medicine. • Shut down [
• Show in/into The guide showed ]: The factory has shut down, so the
us into the cave. workers are unemployed.
• Show off I • Shut off [ ]
do not like a man who is always showing off. (i) The engine of the car shut off automatically.
• Show out Please show this little (ii) I shut off the engine because it had become
girl out. very hot.
• Stand off All the • Sleep on Don't wake the baby
members are on the committee but the Chairman up; let it sleep on for another hour.
is standing off.
• Shut out I was shut
• Stand out out from taking part in that cultural programme.
Does her performance stand out from that of oth-
• Shut up
ers.?
(i) Oh, shut up ! I do not want to hear anything
• Stand with How
against my friend.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
(ii) I shut him up by pointing out his demerits. • Stop off [ ]:
• Sit back He sat back in On the way to Delhi, I stopped off at Allahabad.
his arm chair and started reading a novel. • Stop out Why does she stop
• Sit down The an- out all night these days?
nouncer requested the audience to sit down. • Stop over [
• Siton/upon [ We stopped over in Delhi overnight while going
]: The jury has been sitting on my applica- to Kashmir.
tion for a month. • Strike at
• Sit out He struck at a deer with an arrow.
She will sit out the coming examination. • Strike down He was struck
• Sit out We should sit out in the down by an unidentfied criminals.
garden as it is too hot indoors. • Strike off This doctor's
• Sit up The patient is now well enough name has been struck off from the Medical Reg-
to sit up in bed. ister.
• Stand against • Strike on He
Nobody dares to stand against that notorious has struck on a solution to this problem.
criminal. • Strike up [( ]: These boys
• Stand back The officer ordered have struck up a friendship.
the soldiers to stand back. • Sum up
• Stand by
We will always stand by our leader. (i) He summed up the story of his love affiaris
• Stand down (ii) I cannot sum up his whole theory in one word
• Switch off [
The Judge asked the witness to stand
down. (i) Switch off the radio.
• Stand for Ten candidates are (ii) Switch the light off.
standing for Parliamentary elections here.
• Switch on [
• Stand in Let me stand in with
She asked her servant to switch on
you if it is expensive.
the tape recorder.
• Stick at [ ]: I stick at my
• Talk back to The stu-
work at least twelve hours a day.
dents should not talk back to their teachers.
• Stick out The naughty boy sticks
• Talk down
out his tongue at his sister.
He talked down all the workers of the party.
• Stick to [ ]: We must stick
• Talk over/round
to our friends.
I think I will talk them over/round to our
• Stick to You should stick to this reso- way of thinking.
lution.
• Take after [
• Stick up for I am ready to
]: Mona takes after
stick up for him.
her mother.
• Stick with He does not stick with
• Take (away) from
his wife.
Having eloped with a girl, our leader took away
• Stop by She from the public image.
stopped by my home the other day.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Take back He cannot take back • Think of You must think of very
what he has said. possibility.
• Take off [ ]: The plane has • Think out [
taken off. ] This step of yours needs think-
• Take down The chief reporter took ing out.
down the speech of the Finance Minister. • Think over You
• Take in [ ]: You are must ask her to think over my proposal.
kind to take this orphan in. • Think through
• Take off When he returns from I have not really thought
the office, he takes off his shoes first. the whole business through in my mind.
• Take on With promotion, he • Think about [
has taken on greater responsibilities.
• Take out The dentist ]: Please think about my proposal
took out two of his teeth. and let me know about your views tomorrow.
• Take over The • Think up Nobody can predict
company wants me to take over as Manager what she will think up next.
when Mr. Sinha leaves. • Throw about We should
• Take to I do not not throw waste paper about in the park.
know whether he has taken to Miss Smith. • Throw away He has
• Take to [ thrown away a good chance of becoming an of-
]: He took to wearing black shirts. ficer.
• Take up He took up a pen and started • Throw in
writing her name. You can have this cooler for Rs.
• Take up (with somebody) [ 4000 with the stand throwing in.
]: I will take up this matter with the Chief • Throw off He has got
Minister. success in throwing off that girl.
• Tear apart I saw • Throw on/upon He has thrown
that shirt so torn apart that no one would ever himself on/upon the mercy of the judge.
want it again. • Throw out [ I have thrown
• Tear away (from) out a suggestion.
She never tears herself away from T.V. • Throw over Don't throw
• Tear down Why have over an old friend.
you torn this old building down? • Throw up He has
• Tear up She tore up your thrown up his job because he was not pleased
letter. with the behaviour of his employer.
• Tell apart I am still unable to tell • Touch up
the twins apart. He touched up
the painting.
• Tell from Can you tell Mary from
her twin sister? • Touch on/upon
• Tell off He never likes being During his long speech, the P.M. touched
told off even by his father. on/upon the Kashmir problem.
• Think back [ ]: I am • Try on [
thinking back to my own experience as a teacher. My friend tried on his new suit.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Try out We are trying • Wait up Wait
out another idea to help the blind students. up, she can come here any time.
• Tumble down This old building is in • Wait upon He
danger of tumbling down. always waits upon his mistress.
• Tumble over The little • Wake up He wakes up before sunrise.
girl tumbled over and broke her legs. • Wake up Wake him up before sunrise.
• Turn against He has turned • Wake up to Lastly,
against his brothers. people began to wake up to the danger they were
• Turn away [ As facing.
my servant was dishonest, I have turned him • Walk away from
away. Is she going to walk away from her marriage?
• Turn back • Walk into She has walked into
trouble.
(i) Raman has not turned back yet. • Walk in on He walked in on me
(ii) She has turned back all your letters. while I was preparing a note.
• Turn down Mohini • Walk off He
has turned down Mohan's proposal of marriage. walked off his headache by having a walk in the
• Turn into Water turns into morning.
ice at o' centigrade. Water turns into vapour when • Walk off with He
it is heated. walked off with my watch.
• Turn off [ • Walk out
]: We should turn off here. The workers of his factory walked out
• Turn on The success of our picnic yesterday.
will turn on the weather. • Walk up A beggar walked up to me
• Turn out He turned out his and asked for money.
tenant. • Wash away/off/out The washerman
• Turn over has washed away the blood stains.
• Wash down He ordered his servant
(i) He turned over in bed.
to wash down the car.
(ii) The doctor turned the child over and gave
• Wash up [ ] The maid servant
an injection in his right buttock.
will wash up the dinner set.
• Turn to
• Watch for We have to
There came a time when he had to turn
watch for the party problem.
to his enemies for help.
• Watch out Unless you
• Turn up Very few people turned
watch out, he may kill you.
up on his nuptials.
• Watch over God watches over
• Turn upon Don't try to turn
us.
upon others.
• Wave aside
• Wait about/around
The judge waved your objection aside.
Please, don't keep
• Wave down While I
her waiting about/around at the gate.
was returning from the cinema late last night, a
• Wait on She waits policeman waved me down.
on her husband.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
• Wave off I went to the airport to • Work on/upon Her
wave off my friend's children. sufferings worked upon my feelings so much that
• Wind down [ ]: He is go- I gave her all the help she needed.
ing to wind down his business. • Work out She worked out all the
• Wind up It is now time to wind problems without any difficulty.
up the game. • Work up He worked
• Wipe away/off himself up into a state of hysteria.
(i) He wiped away her tears with a handker- • Write (somebody) down
chief. I will write her down as a rare beauty.
(ii) She needs a handkerchief to wip off the sand. • Write down [ :
• Wipe out Epidemics broke You may write down my address.
out in this village and wiped out all the population. • Write out Write
• Wipe up out a copy of the agreement between us.
The waiter wiped up the table. • Write up
• Work off [
She worked off her anger by beat- (i) He is writing up a novel.
ing her children. (ii) Mis. Mehta is writing up for the newspa-
pers.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary

6. SOME TROUBLESOME WORDS

1. Abatement The ar- Adapt One of my
rival of the police helped the abatement in the friends adapted himself to the new organisation.
incidence of crimes. Adept Sachin Tendulkar is
Abetement Her abetment adept in cricket.
in making the situation from bad to worse is now 11. Advice We must follow the advice of
an open secret. our elders.
2. Accede Queen Advise The teacher advised the
Victoria acceded to the throne in 1837. students to work hard.
Exceed 12. Affection She has a lot of affec-
Their success exceeded all expectations. tion for me.
3. Accent The speaker's Affectation His little
accent was not well. affectation irriated her.
Assent My father did 13. Affluence He quickly rose to
not assent your proposal. affluence and became wealthy.
4. Accept She offered me a gift Effluence The effluence
and I accepted it. from the leather factory should be strictly stopped.
Except Everyone except Raju came. 14. Air Polluted air can be the cause of
5. Accomplish We our death.
hope to accomplish the construction work of this Heir Mr. Sen did not leave an heir
project in time. behind him.
Accomplice His accom- 15. Alien As I am an alien, I have
plice in the bank robbery was shot dead in an en- no privilege to cast my vote.
counter with the police.
Align Pakistan is
6. Acetic Vinegar is always ace-
not ready to alian with India on the Kashmir is-
tic in taste. sue.
Ascetic A group of ascetics 16. Ailment Her ailment made me anx-
came to the temple of my village. ious.
7. Action The police took Element Justice is an important
stern action against the kidnappers. element of a good government.
Auction I bougth a televi- 17. All ready The police were all ready
sion set in the auction. to nab the criminals.
8. Adage 'United we stand, di- Already She had already
vided we fall is an adage. danced before I came.
Edge The sharp edge of the blade 18. All right ('all is right'): All right, I will see you
cut my toe badly. soon.
9. Addition She is good at Alright: Note: "alright" is an incorrect form and
addition and subtraction. it should be avoided.
Edition This is the latest edition of A 19. All round He is an all round
miror of Common Errosr. sportsman.
10. Adopt Mrs. Singh adopted All around You will find the sand all
an orphan boy. around there.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
20. All together The sheep Essay We
moved all together in the same direction. have to write three essays in this examination.
Altogethe I don't altogether agree with 31. Assess
you. Assess the damage at Rs 35000.
21. Allude You alluded to Ashes Ashes were all that remained
certain latest developments in your speech. of her books after the fire.
Elude He eluded the po- 32. Attach
lice for weeks. Please, attach a lable to each piece of luggage.
22. Altar She laid the offerings on the altar. Attache I am going to talk to
Alter Her decision never alters. the U.S. attache.
23. Amoral Such things are 33. Aught Tell me
amoral by nature. aught you know about this match.
Immoral Some people still think it im- Ought We ought to start at once.
moral to have sex before marriage. 34. Aural Mr. Sinha is an
24. Angel Angels are usu- aural surgeon.
ally shown in pictures as human beings dressed in Oral He is eager to
white with wings. give an oral test.
Angle We must look into the 35. Axle The back axle of the car
case from a different angle. is broken.
25. Antic Excel
People laugh at the clown's silly The firm excels in producing cheap ra-
antics. dios.
Antique He deals in antique 36. Bacon She didn't like bacon.
objects. Beacon
26. Appraise It would be unwise to The teachings of Lord Buddha served as a bea-
buy the house before having it appraised. con to me in my struggle for success.
27. Artist He is a 37. Bad You
great artist. can't take photographs if the light is bad.
Artiste Among the Bed The beggar's
artistes apperaring on the stage tonight we have bed was a park bench.
Kumar Shanu.
38. Bag She gave me a bag full of
28. Ascent Who was the fruit.
first man to make an ascent on Mount Everest?
Beg
29. Aspire He was so poor that he had to beg from
Aspiring musicians must practise many hours a passers-by.
day.
39. Bait
Expire Our present Bait a hook with a worm.
lease of the flat expires next month. Bat He has not seen a bat.
Inspire
40. Bale The cloth was packed
His noble example inspired the rest of us to make
in bales.
greater efforts.
Bail The magistrate granted
30. Assay
him bail.
Make an assay of an ore.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Ball The boys were playing Besides She presented me a tie be-
foot ball in the field. sides a suit.
41. Bawl That boy has been bawl- 51. Biannual A biannual
ing for hours. meeting was held in my college.
Bowl Biennial The biennial
He drank the water from a big bowl tournament ended successfully.
42. Bare I do 52. Block He
not like to run bare foot. beat the thief with a block of wood.
Bear A grisly bear became Bloc There are many political blocs
the centre of attraction in my village. in our country.
Beer Mr. Sinha drinks a 53. Blonde Who was that blonde
bottle of beer in a day. girl I saw you with last night?
43. Baron Mr Shahay be- Blond I saw a blond boy in the
came one of the top barons in my district. cinema hall.
Barren A bar- 54. Brake His brakes failed on a
ren lady adopted a beautiful girl. steep hill.
Barn He sleeps in his barn at Break She
night. dropped the plate and it broke into pieces.
44. Batter He bat- 55. Breath His breath smelt of
tered the door down. garlic.
Better Breathe He
You are a better man than I (am). was breathing hard after running for the train.
Better I hope you will better your 56. Bridal I attended a bridal
performance this time. party last night.
45. Beach I like to take a sun bath on the Bridle I bridled his
beach. tongue.
Bitch He has a lovely bitch. 57. Bustard I saw a bustare
46. Beatify After in the zoo.
hearing the teachings of my guru I feel beatified. Bastard I
Beautify Mr. Kunal was engaged was shocked to hear that Sohan was a bastard.
in beautifying his garden. 58. Callous I never saw a cal-
47. Beet I like eating beet-roots. lous man like you.
Callus My wound
Beat Somebody was
has healed but that part of the skin has turned cal-
beating at the door.
lus.
48. Bellow The
59. Canal The Suez Canal joins the
tiger bellowed angrily.
Mediterrancean Sea and the Red Sea.
Below Please do
Kennel I made a
not write below this line.
beautiful kennel for my dog.
49. Berth I could not get a
60. Cannon Indian military forces
berth in the train.
destroyed the enemy with heavy cannon fire.
Birth I do not know the date of his birth.
Canon This film
50. Beside A stranger sat beside me. breaks all the canons of good taste.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
61. Canvas I sold a not arise.
canvas bag for Rs. 50. Session I
Canvass The labour attend the conference in the second session.
candidate will canvass the constituency next 71. Cafe
month. There are five cafes in this
62. Capital Patna is the capi- town.
tal of Bihar. Chafe A
Capitol (U.S.) stiff collar may chafe your neck.
If you try to intrude into the capi- Chaff The farmer was
tol, you will be prevented by the guards. removing chaff from the grain for animals.
63. Career 72. Choir She sings in the
I like a career in of doctor. school choir.
Carrier The carrier of this Coir She wanted to buy a coir
bicycle is big. mattress.
64. Careless A careless driver is a dan- Chord I bought a
ger to the public. harp, which had a broken chord.
Carefree He leads a carefree Cord These parcels are tied with a
life. piece of cord.
65. Cast The angler
73. Cite She cited some examples from
cast his live into the water.
the Ramayana.
Caste It is
Site I picked a
difficult for the lowest caste to live in your village.
beautiful site for the tent.
66. Cease Hostilities between the two sides
Sight
ceased at midnight.
(i) Some drugs can affect your sight.
Seize She seized me by
(ii) What a beautiful sight it is
the wrist.
74. Coat I like a wa-
67. Cell
terproof coat.
Human tissue is made up of cells.
Quote He always quotes
Sell They sell
verses from the Bible.
eggs.
75. Comparable Madhuri and
68. Censer I bought a censer for
Manisha are comparable heroines.
the priest.
Comparative This book presents a
Censor The cen-
comparative study of Donne and Milton.
sor ordered the producer to remove many scenes
from the film 'Bombay'. 76. Complacent We must not be
Censure Two MPs were complacent about our achievements, there is still
a lot to be done.
censured by the speaker.
Complaisant Rakesh is
69. Cereal I like good
popular among his friends because he is complai-
cereal breakfast.
sant.
Serial
77. Complimentary
'Shaktiman' became a popular T.V. serial.
She was highly complimentary about my paint-
70. Cession The question of ings.
cession of veen an inch of land to Pakistan does
Complementary His good height

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
is complementary to her beauty. 86. Critic This play
78. Comprehensive He gave me has been praised by the critics.
a comprehensive description of the robbery. Critique The book present
Comprehensible a critique of the government's economic policies.
A Mirror of Common Errors is an easily compre- 87. Cymbal
hensible book. Last night I played the cymbal.
79. Concur She Symbol The gun is
has expressed her opposition to the plan, and I fully the symbol of violence.
concur with her in this matter. 88. Daily The machines are inspected
Conquer daily.
The Normans conqured England in 1066. Dally
80. Confident I am con- She dallies over her work and rarely
fident of my victory. finsihes it.
Confidant Rohan is no 89. Dairy I bought milk from a
more my confidant. dairy.
Confidante Diary He pre-
Radha is my confidante sented me an exceptionally beautiful diary.
81. Confirm 90. Damp Don't sleep be-
The rumours of her elopment were confirmed. tween damp sheets.
Conform Dump
The building does not conform to safety regula- Some people just dump their rubbish in
tions. the river.
82. Corporal Corporal 91. Dear He lost everything
labour to children should not be allowed. that was dear to him.
Corporeal He is very Deer The deer are grazing.
religious and the corporeal world has little inter-
92. Descent The
est for him.
plane began its descent in Paris.
83. Corpse Police gathered all corpses
Dissent Those who
after the train accident.
dissented from Anglican teachings could be
Corps Ram is a member of the heavily fined.
Royal Army Medical Corps.
Decent He
84. Council The local is a throughly decent man.
council is in charge of these roads.
93. Desert Vast ar-
Counsel You must eas of land have become desert.
take counsel with your lawyer.
Dessert
Counsel I counselled I like dessert after a meal.
him to give up such a risky plan.
94. Die He died after the
85. Credible Your story does not seem
accident.
to be credible.
Dye Today I dyed
Creditable Her achievement is
a white dress blue.
creditable.
95. Draught He emptied his
Credulous You are credulous,
glass at one draught.
so you are cheated.
Drought Most of the

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
areas of Africa are affected by drought. some goats.
96. Dual She has played a dual 107. Gate The garden gate is
in your affairs. very high.
Duel He defeated me in Gait She walks
that duel. with an unsteady gait.
97. Edict We should obey 108. Gauge or Gage What
the edicts of parliament. gauge of wire should we use for the wiring work.
Addict He Gauze A gauze patch was applied to his
was addicted to drinking. wound.
98. Electric He Gaze He gazed
deals in electric goods. at a beautiful looking girl.
Electrical She is an electrical engineer. 109. Genteel She is too genteel to be
99. Elementary I want to criticised.
teach him elementary mathematics. Gentle I like a man
Alimentary His ali- with a gentle heart.
mentary canal is badly damaged. 110. Hail A hail- storm lashed the
100. Eminent Mr. Anand is an emi- town.
nent scholar. Hale I never saw a hale
Imminent A man like you.
storm is imminent. 111. Hare The hunter killed a hare
101. Envelop A baby was with a knife.
enveloped in a blanket. Hair There is a hair in my
Envelope I bought an airmail enve- soup.
lope. Heir He has no heir
102. Extant I have seen the Here Come here soon.
earliest extant manuscript of his poem. Hear The judge is hearing
Extent I was amazed the case.
at the extent of his knowledge. 112. Heal The cut
103. Fair Farmers are soon healed, but it left a scar.
hoping for fair weather. Heel I have some pain in my heel.
Fare What is the bus fare 113. Heroin
to London? Your addiction to heroin has ruined you.
104. Final Today I read the Heroine Madhuri
final chapter of his book. Dixit is the heroine of the film 'Tejab'.
Finale I 114. Hey Hey,
saw the grand finale of a pantomime last night. come and look at this.
105. Flair Hay They are playing in a
He doesn't show much flair for the piano. hay-field.
Flare The fire flared 115. Historic Jolota gave
up as I put more logs on it. a historic programme here last night.
106. Foul This Historical She has
medicine tastes foul. visited a lot of historical places.
Fowl We keep afew fowls and

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
116. Hoard Last night Industrious This
I found a miser's hoard. factory needs a large number of industrious
Horde There were workers.
hordes of people on either side of the road. 126. Jest
117. Holy I have bathed in Many a true word is spoken in jest.
the holy water of the Ganga. Zest The zest of the Indian cricket team
Holey This book is all in Sharajh was remarkable.
holey, so it looks bad. 127. Kettle Clean the kettle and make
118. Homely some tea.
I want a homely servant for my house. Cattle The prisoners were herded
Homily I read the book like cattle.
in which the homillies of M.K. Gandhi are de- 128. Knot Make
scribed. a knot at the end of the rope.
119. Hop He had Nought Write three noughts
hurt his left foot and had to hop along. on the blackborad.
Hope Our hope 129. Later At first things
for fine weather was not disappointed. went well, but later on we ran into trouble.
Hoop He has bought a bar- Latter He did not give me the answer
rel bound with iron hoops. to the latter part of the question.
120. Human Human life is full of ups and 130. Lather Make up a lather on your
down. chin before shaving.
Humane M.K. Gandhi was a man of Leather This sofa is covered in
humance nature. real leather.
121. Imaginary He is talking about an 131. Lesser This is the
imaginary country. lesser of the two evils.
Imaginative Wordsworth was an Lessor I am the lessor of
imaginative poet. this field.
122. Except I like everybody ex- 132. Licence This used to be a
cept Ram. pub but the landlord has lost his licence.
Expect You cannot License These shops are li-
expect to learn a foreign language in a week. censed to sell tobacco.
123. Informant 133. Locale The director is looking for
The journalist did not want to reveal the identity of a suitable locale for his new film.
the informant. Local There is no local train for this
Informer He station.
was killed by criminals because he was an informer 134. Loose She likes
of police.
to wear a loose frock.
124. Ingenious An ingenious
Lose He
mind can solve this difficult crossword puzzle.
lost a leg in an accident in the factory.
Ingenuous : I like
Loss The loss of his wife was
an ingenous smile of man.
a great blow to him.
125. Industrial Ahamadabad is an indus-
135. Mail He sent me a
trial town.
letter by air mail.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Male A male horse can run very of shoes and gave it to my brother.
fast. Pare
136. Marshal Today I pared my finger nails.
A field marshal ordered him to jump 146. Pail They offered me a pail of
from the wall. milk.
137. Martial I like Pale She has
to hear a martial song. pale complexion.
Marital Ram and 147. Peace After years
Sita escape from their marital responsibilities. of fighting the people longed for peace.
138. Maze We Piece He lost
got lost in Hampton court maze. one of the pieces of his model engine.
Maize Much Maize is produced 148. Pectoral The
in the Punjab. bishop's pectoral cross set with jewels attracted
138. Maze We everybody's attention.
got lost in Hampton court maze. Pictorial
Maize Much maize is produced I say a pictorial record of the wedding of my
in the Punjab. friend.
139. Miner The life of coal 149. Physique He does not
miners is very bad. have the physique for such heavy work.
Minor Physic We should take
I am still a minor, and so I cannot think effective physic.
about marriage. 150. Pick Only the best
140. Mourn players were picked to play the next match.
We all mourn the destruction of a Peak The climbers
well-loved building. made camp half way up the peak.
Morn I have been painting 151. Plain The road
the room all morn. is quite plain.
141. Naughty You were naughty Plan What are
to pull the cat's tail. your plans for the holidays?
Knotty Plane
Trell me how you can solve this knotty question. Human species has reached a higher plane of de-
142. Naval A naval velopment.
officer died in a car accident. 152. Plantiff The plaintiff of
Navel He hit her in the navel. this case is absent today.

143. Night On the night of Fri- Plaintive Why are you laugh-
day I stayed at a hotel. ing like a fool in this plaintive atomsphere?

Knight [ ]: A knight 153. Plait There are

killed five robbers. two plaits in your shirt.

144. Pain She feels Plate We should

some pain in the back. use paper plates in a function.

Pane I broke my 154. Polish She does not use any nail
window pane last night. polish.

145. Pair I bought a pair Police

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
There were over 100 police men on duty at the 163. Relive
railway station. I relived that fateful day over and over in
155. Pore He was sweating at my mind.
every pore. Relieve
Pour I turned down This drug will relieve your pain.
over the bucket and the water poured all over the 164. Right You
floor. were quite right in deciding to refuse her offer.
156. Practice The idea would never work Rite His last rites were per-
in practice. formed last night.
Practise I am not practising Write The teacher
enough to win this race. asked the boy to write a letter.
157. Pray 165. Rubble This road is made of
They prayed to God for an end to their rubble.
sufferings. Rabble The cruel rabble
Prey The destroyed the building.
lion was eating its prey. 166. Sail The ship
158. Quarry She is sails along the coast.
the daughter of the owner of a marble quarry. Sale I am sorry this paint-
Query Your report ing is not for sale.
raises several important queries. Sell Can she
159. Quite The be persuaded to sell the horse?
theatre was not quite full. 167. Sore She becomes a bit sore to remem-
Quiet The teacher ber the accident.
asked the boy to be quiet. Soar The jet soared
160. Refuse She refused to marry in the sky.
him. 168. Soul Do you believe in the immortality
Refuge They sought refuge from the of the soul?
storm. Sole The failure of the brake
161. Region I have was the sole cause of the accident.
pain in the abdominal region. 169. Story She told me a beautiful love story.
Reason Give the rea- Storey He has built a five storey build-
sons for the downfall of the Mughal Empire. ing.
162. Reign The revo- 170. Weak She is too weak to walk.
lution was followed by a reign of terror. Week Meenakshi comes to see me twice
Rain Don't go out in a week.
the rain. 171. Zealous Indians were zealous for lib-
Rein The rider pulled the erty before 1947.
rein of the horse. Jealous He was jealous of Ram's
success.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary

7. VERBS, ADJECTIVES & NOUNS FOLLOWED

BY PREPOSITIONS

Verbs Followed by Prepositions ness, etc.)

1. Abound ( in or 20. Appeal
with something to the judge/somebody
2. Absolve of or from Appeal for mercy/
a charge something.
Appeal
3. Abstain from wine, somking
against a sentence
4. Accede to a request
21. Apply to a person
5. Accord with something
Apply for some post/something
6. Accrue to somebody
7. Accuse some-
23. Argue with a person for or
body of something (theft, murder, etc.)
against a point
8. Acquiesce in something (a
24. Arrive at a conclusion
decision, etc.)
Arrive at a station/a place
9. Acquit a person
of all charges/all complicity. Arrive in a country
10. Adapt to new surroundings 25. Ask for something (assis-
tance, etc.)
11. Adhere to a
plan/a rule/a principle Ask of or from somebody
12. Admit of or into a secret 26. Associate with a group
13. Admonish of or for
a fault 27. Attribute Something to somebody/
somebody's help, etc.
14. Agree to a proposal
28. Blame a person for something
Agree on some matter
Blame something on somebody
15. Aim at a
target
29. Blush [ ]
Aim at doing something
at some thought, an embarassing situation, etc.
16. Alight from a bus/a train,
Blush [ ] for/
etc.
with shame
Alight on the ground
30. Border on a place
17. Allude to a fact
31. Borrow of or from a
18. Answer to a person friend/somebody
Answer for misconduct/something. 32. Break the news of somebody's death
Break bad news to a friend/to
19. Apologize to somebody somebody
Break (sever/cut relations) with
Apologize for something (rude- somebody

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
33. Bring a thing to light 56. Concur with a person
Bring a thing under notice Concur in an opininon
34. Burst into laughter 57. Condemn a person to
Burst into tears death
35. Buy something form a person or shop 58. Conform
to a norm/a rule
36. Call on a person
Conform with one's opinion
37. Canvass for votes 59. Congratulate some-
body on his success.
38. Care for a person or
thing 60. Consist of materials
Care about Consist in something
(feel interest, anxiety or sorrow) something 61. Consult on/about some
39. Caution a person against a dan- matter with one's friends
ger Note: Consult a person/a lawyer/a map/a dic-
40. Challenge a man to combat/fight tionary. (take advice, get information etc.
41. Charge a man
with a crime 62. Contribute to a fund
Charge payment to a person 63. Converse with a
42. Clear a person of blame person about something
64. Cope with a
43. Cling to a person or thing.
situation/difficulties
44. Close with an offer.
65. Correspond with a
45. Coincide with one's opinion. person/something
46. Compbat with difficulties Correspond to something
47. Come into fashion 66. Count on somebody/
48. Commence with a thing something
49. Communicate a thing to 67. Cure a man of a
somebody disease
Communicate 68. Cut thing in or into pieces
50. Compare Cut a thing in half
51. Compensate a person 69. Dash against a wall/shore/
for his loss something
52. Compete with some- 70. Dash over anything
body for a prize/something 71. Debar from doing aything
53. Complain 72. Decide the issue in somebody's
to somebody favour
Complain against somebody 73. Defer to a later date
Complain of/about something 74. Degenerate into a lower
54. Conceal facts from somebody position
55. Concede to some de- 75. Defraud a person of his money
mand 76. Depend on a person or thing

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
77. Deprive a person of a thing 97. Enter into a new era/a conversa-
78. Desist from an attempt tion/ one's plan
79. Despair of success Enter upon a career
80. Deviate from a certain 98. Entrust something with some-
course thing
81. Determine on doing Entrust (something to somebody
something 99. Escape from a cage/ jail
82. Die of a disease/ an illness/ hunger/ star- 100. Excel in something
vation/ thirst/ grief/ shame 101. Exchange one thing for another
Die from a wound/over eating/ over drink- Exchange something with a per-
ing/ food poisoning son
Die by violence/ one's own hand 102. Excuse for something
Die through neglect. Excuse from something
Die for one's country/one's belief 103. Exempt a person from a
Die in one's bed/ battle / accident. fine
Die in harness 104. Exonerate a person
Die with from blame/some charge
somebody 105. Fail in an attempt
83. Differ with/from a Fail of a purpose
person on a subject 106. Fall among thieves
Differ from something Fall in love with a person
84. Different from something
85. Dig for something Fall into error
86. Digress from the path Fall on the enemy
87. Disagree with a peron on some Fall upon evil days
matter 107. Fill with something
88. Disapprove of
108. Fire on/at the enemy/ somebody
something
109. Flirt with somebody
89. Dispute with a person about some-
thing 110. Free of / from something/some-
body
90. Dissent from an opinion
111. Glance at an
91. Dissuade from an action
object
92. Distinguish
Glance over a
between two things
letter
Distinguish
112. Glory in success
one thing from another
113. Grieve at/for / about an
93. Dwell in some place
event
94. Embark on/upon the right path/
Grieve for somebody
some business
114. Grumble at somebody / something
95. Encroach on one's authority
115. Guard against something
96. Enlist in the army

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
116. Guess at something 138. Lament for the
117. Hanker after dead/ something lost
riches/wealth 139. Languish for home
118. Happen to somebody Languish in prison /
119. Hide something from somebody jail
120. Hint at something 140. Lead to some place
121. Hope for something Lead into something
122. Hover over a nest 141. Lean against the wall
123. Hunt after or for something Lean on a staff
124. Import goods into a country Lean to a certain opin-
ion
Import goods/things from a coun-
try 142. Listen to a person / complaints / some-
thing
125. Impress an idea on
somebody 143. Live for riches or fame or something
Impress somebody Live by honest labour
with an idea Live
126. Impute on fruit/ vegetables/ juice/ milk/ oxygen/
blame to a person something water
127. Inform somebody of Live within one's means
something 144. Long for something
Inform against some- 145. Indulge in undesirable activites
body Indulge oneself with wine
128. Insist on a point
146. Infer one fact from another
129. Intermingle one
147. Inflict pain on a person
thing with another
148. Inquire into a case/ something
130. Invite a person to dinner/ a party
149. Infring on one's rights
131. Involve somebody in debt/ something
150. Insqire of a person about or con-
132. Jeer at a person
cerning some matter
133. Join in a game
151. Inspire a man with courage / some-
Join one thing to another thing
134. Judge of something by something 152. Interfere with a person in his
135. Jump at an offer affairs
Jump to a conclusion 153. Intersect with each other
136. Knock ( one's head against a wall 154. Intrigure with the opposition /
Knock at somebody
the door 155. Introduce a man to others.
137. Labour under a misapprehension Introduce something into a
Labour for the public good story
Labour in a good cause Introduce into / to some place /
something
Labour at some task
156. Invest a man with

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
authority 179. Protect from disaster / something
157. Marry one person to 180. Protest against injustice some-
another thing
158. Marvel at some sight or report 181. Provide for one's family
159. Match one thing with an- children
other Provide against a rainy
160. Mediate on an issue day
162. Mortgage land to a per- Provide oneself with something
son 182. Punish somebody for something
163. Mourn for the dead 183. Qualify oneself for a post
164. Murmur at or against some- 184. Quarrel with somebody over/
thing about something
165. Occur to one's mind 185. Quote from an author/ a book
166. Object to something 186. Rail against
167. Penetrate somebody
into something 187. Reason with
168. Originate in a thing or place somebody about something
Originate with somebody 188. Rebel against authority
169. Part with somebody or something 189. Reconcile to a situation
170. Participate with a Reconcile with an opponent
person in something 190. Recover from ailment
171. Perish by the sword 191. Refer to a
Perish with poverty subject
172. Plot against somebody 192. Refrain from something
173. Plunge into a river, 193. Rejoice at the success of a person
some work Rejoice in one's own success
174. Ponder on/over a 194. Relapse into idleness
subject 195. Relieve of or from duty
175. Pray to God for something
196. Rely on somebody or something
176. Prepare for the worst
197. Remind someone of something
Prepare against disas-
198. Replace something by some-
ter
thing
177. Proceed with a business
199. Yield to persuation/ something
(already begun)
Yield to somebody
Proceed on a principle
200. Repose on a bed
Proceed to a business (not yet
begun) 201. Reprimand a person for a fault
Proceed from something 202. Result from a situation
Proceed against some- Result in consequence
body 203. Retaliate on an enemy
178. Prohibit from doing somebody 204. Revolt against authority

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
205. Rob of dues Acquitted of a charge
206. Rule over a country 11. Addicted to gambling/smoking/
207. Save somebody or something from harm drinking
208. Substitute something for some- 12. Adequate to aperon's wants
thing 13. Adjacent to something
209. Talk to/with a person 14. Adverse to a person's interests
Talk of/about an event or some- 15. Affectionate to a person
thing 16. Afraid of something (death, etc.)
210. Translate Into a language 17. Afflicted with pain/ rheumatism
211. Supply some- 18. Aggravated at a thing
thing to something
Aggravated with a person
212. Sympathise with somebody
19. Agreeable to one's
in his trobules
wishes
213. Trespass against rules
20. Akin to a person's or thing
Trespass on / upon somebody's
21. Alarmed at a rumour
privacy / land / time
22. Alien to a person's character
214. Wait at but stop /table
23. Alienated from the party
Wait for a person or
thing 24. Alive to the problems
215. Warn a person of disaster/danger/ 25. Amazed at a person's
consequence behaviour/ something
Warn a person against a person / 26. Ambitious of something
thing/ doing something 27. Amused at something
Adjectives & Participles Followed By 28. Angry at a thing
Prepositions Angry with a person

1. Absorbed in a book/ one's busi- 29. Annoyed at a remark/something

ness / one's studies / something Annoyed with a person for saying or
2. Acceptable to a person doing something
3. Accessible to somebody 30. Answerable to a person for
something
4. Accessory to a crime
31. Anxious for one's safety
5. Accomplished in an art/ something
Anxious about the result
6. Accountable to a person
32. Appalled at the sight
Accountable for a thing
33. Apparent to everyone
7. Accruing to a person
from something 34. Applicable to a situation

8. Accurate in one's statistics 35. Apprehensive of the result

9. Accused of a crime (murder/ theft/ 36. Apprised of a matter

robbery, etc.) 37. Appropriate to an occasion
10. Acquainted with a person / a 38. Assiduous of one's conduct
thing 39. Assiduous in one's studies

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
40. Associated in some business cess
Associated with a person 62. Confident of success
41. Assured of the truth 63. Congenial to one's tastes
42. Astonishing 64. Congratulated on one's suc-
to a person cess
43. Astonished at one's 65. Conscious of a fault/ something
rudeness, misconduct 66. Contrary to a rule
44. Averse to hard work/ some- 67. Convicted of a crime
thing 68. Convinced of a
45. Bereft of one's parents fact
46. Blessed with good health 69. Covetous of other men's goods
Blessed in one's children 70. Creditable to one's judgement
47. Blind in one eye/ the right eye/ the left 71. Cured of a disease
eye 72. Customary for a person
Blind to
73. Deprived of rights
somebody's faults
74. Derogatory to one's character
48. Born of rich parents
75. Destitute for money
49. Busy with/at one's lessons/ work
76. Devoid of something
50. Capable of improvement
77. Dexterous in or at doing something
51. Cautious of something
78. Effective for a purpose
52. Characterised by a thing
79. Eligible for a post/something
53. Charged to one's account
80. Eminent for one's writing
Charged with a bullet
81. Endowed with natural ability
Charged with some important
work/tasks/duty 82. Engaged in some work
Charged with a crime Engaged to a perosn
54. Committed to a course of action 83. Entitled to a person
55. Comparable to something else 84. Estranged from a friend
56. Compatible with one's 85. Estranged with running
temper 86. Exonerated from blame
57. Competent for cer- 87. Faithful to somebody
tain work 88. Familiar with somebody/ facts
58. Composed of materials Familar to a language
59. Committed to something 89. Famous for something
60. Concerned at/about something/ 90. Fascinated with/ by somebody
some mishap
91. Fond of something
Concerned about/for somebody
92. Free from blame
Concerned in some business
93. Gifted with abilities
Concerned for one's welfare
94. Grateful to somebody for some-
61. Conducive to a situation/suc- thing

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
95. Greedy of/after/for riches sion
96. Guilty of theft/something Moved at the sight
97. Hopeful of success Moved by entreaties
98. Horrified at the sight 123. Natural to somebody
99. Hostile to conducive situation 124. Necessary to something
100. Hungry for/ after wealth 125. Negligent of duty
101. Ignorant of something Negligent in one's work
102. Ill with fever 126. Obliged to a person
103. Impertinent to something Obliged for something
104. Incumbent on / upon a person 127. Oblivious of the past
105. Indebted to a person 128. Obnoxious to a person
Indebted for some goodness / 129. Occupied with some work in doing some-
something thing
Indebted in a lagre sum 130. Offended with a person
106. Innocent of a charge Offended at something done
107. Insensible to shame 131. Offensive to a person
108. Inspired with hope 132. Overwhelmed with grief
109. Interestecd in somebody or 133. Pertinent to a question/topic
something 134. Polite in manners
110. Intimate with a person Polite to all / somebody
111. Introduced to a person 135. Popular with one's friends/class-mates
Introduced into a place 136. Precious to somebody
112. Invested with full powers 137. Preferable to some-
Invested in stock as thing
shares 138. Proficient in something/ a subject
113. Involved in something 139. Profitable to somebody/
114. Irrelevant to a topic an investor
115. Liable to an error/a heavy fine 140. Profuse with one's money
Liable for pay- 141. Profuse in something
ment 142. Prodigal of something
116. Limited to a certain area 143. Prompt in doing something
117. Loyal ( to somebody 144. Ready for action/ something
118. Mad with disappointement Ready in one's asnwers
119. Married to somebody 145. Related to somebody
120. Mindful of something 146. Relevant to the statement/ the
121. Mistaken for / about something point/ a question
Mistaken ina belief 147. Replete with examples
122. Moved to tears 148. Requisite for something
Moved with pity/ compas- Requisite for a purpose

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
149. Respectful to/towards one's 20. Antidote against in-
superiors fection
150. Responsible to somebody for some- Antidote to some poison
thing 21. Apology for some fault
151. Sanguine of success 22. Apprehension of
152. Satiated with pleasure/ something danger
153. Sensitive to criticism 23. Approach to some place/
154. Short of money/ funds/ space something
155. Similar to a person or thing 24. Arrival in a country
156. Suspicious of something Arrival at a place (the station/ the air-
port/ the bus-stop etc.)
Nouns Followed by Prepositions 25. Assault on a person or thing
1. Abhorence of something (ingratitude etc.) 26. Attack (n/c) on a country/
2. Ability for or in some somebody
work 27. Attraction to or towards a thing
3. Abstinence from wine 28. Authority over a person
4. Abundance of Authority on a
wealth/food subject
5. Access to a person or place Authority for saying or doing
6. Accession 29. Aversion to or from a person
to the throne or thing
7. Accomplice with a person 30. Candidate for a post
in a crime
31. Care for somebody's safety
8. Accusation of forg-
Care of one's books
ery
9. In accordance with 32. Charge of murder
some rule 33. Claim on or against somebody
10. Affinity with something Claim to property/ something
Affinity between two person; 34. Compact with a person
to/for somebody 35. Comment on something
11. Adherence to a rule/plan/cause 36. Comparison to/with somebody or some-
12. Afffection for somebody thing
13. Alliance with a person Comparison of one thing with another
or state By/in comparison with
14. Allusion to 37. Compassion for somebody
something 38. Competition with somebody
15. Alternative to a method/something Competition for something
16. Ambition for something 39. Complicity in a crime
17. Analogy between things 40. Compliance with a request
18. Animosity against somebody 41. Condemnation to death
19. Answer to a question 42. Confidence in somebody

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
43. In comfomity with 66. Dislike of/for a person or thing
anyone's views/ request 67. Distaste for mathematics/something
Conformity to rule/ fashion 68. Doubt of or about something
44. Compensation for a loss 69. Duty to a person/ a country
45. Connection with a person or 70. Encroachment on/upon
thing one's rights
46. Connivance 71. Engagement with somebody
of somebody at/in a crime
Engagement in some work
47. Consciousness of guilt/ something
Engagement to a person
48. Consideration for somebody's
72. Entrance into a place
feelings
73. Enmity with/for somebody
49. Contact with somebody/something
74. Esteem for somebody
50. Contempt for a person or
thing 75. Exception to a rule
51. In contrast with a 76. (Make) an exception of somebody or
person or thing something
52. Contrast to a person 77. Excuse for a mistake
or thing 78. Exemption from a penatly/some-
Contrast between two things thing
53. Controversy on or about something 79. Experience of something
Controversy with somebody Experience in doing something
54. Contribution to a fund 80. Failure of electricity/ a plan
Contribution towards 81. Failure of somebody in
some project something
55. Conversation with somebody 82. Faith in somebody or something
56. Correspondence with a person 83. Familiarity with a person or
thing.
Correspondence to a thing
84. Freedom from care
Correspondence between
two things 85. Glance at a person or thing
57. Decision on some case Glance over a wide surface
58. Decline of an empire 86. Gratitude for a thing
Decline in moral/price Gratitude to a person
59. Degradation from some 87. Grief at an event
position/rank Grief for a person
60. Delight in music/something/somebody 88. Guess at the truth/something
61. Descent from ancestros 89. Harmony with anything
62. Dependence on a person or thing 90. Hartred of or for somebody
63. Desire for wealth / something Hatred of a thing
64. Disagreement with somebody 91. Heir to some property
65. Disgust at meanness/ something Heir of somebody

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
92. Hindrance to something 117. Malice against an enemy/some-
93. Hint at some reward/ something body
94. 'Hope' of better luck/something 118. Neglect of duty
95. Hostility to a person or cause Neglect in doing a thing
96. Identiy with somebody/something 119. Nomination of a member/somebody
97. Immersion into water Nominatioin to a post
Immersion in some crime 120. Opportunity for going abroad/
doing something
98. Implication on someone
121. Partnership with a person in a
99. Imputation of guilt
thing
Imputation against somebody
122. Power over a person
100. Incentive to a worker or indus-
123. Precaution against infection/
try
something
101. Inclination to/for something/
124. Preface to a book
study
125. Preference for one thing
102. Indifference to something
Preference to/over another thing
103. Indulgence to a beautiful
woman/ somebody 126. Preparation for examination/
something
Indulgence in wine/ something
127. Proof against temptation
104. Influence over or with somebody
Proof of guilt / something
Influence on anyone's actions/ some-
thing 128. Qualification for a post
105. Inquiry into circumstances/a case/ 129. Quarrel with somebody
some matter Quarrel between two per-
106. Insight into something/somebody's sons
character 130. Readiness in responding/answering
107. Interference in/with somebody's af- Readiness for a journey/ something
fairs 131. Reference to a person or thing
108. Intimacy with somebody 132. In/with regard to that matter
109. Jurisdiction in a lawsuit 133. Regard for a person
Jurisdiction over a province 134. Relation of one thing to a person
110. Justification of or for Relation between two things
some crime
Relation with somebody
111. Key to understanding of the prob-
135. Remonstrance against
lem/a mystery
somebody's conduct
112. Liability to an illness/disease
Remonstrance with somebody
113. Libel against some-
136. Remonstrance to a letter
body
137. Request for a
114. Liking for somebody/something
thing
115. Longing for / after something
138. Resemblance to a per-
116. Lust for life/money/something son or thing

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
139. In respect of some quality 145. Sympathy with or for somebody
140. Rival for a position Sympathy with a cause/a person's
Rival in something views
141. Rivalry with a per- 146. Temptation to evil
son 147. Trespass against
142. Search for or after wealth the law
In search of wealth/a job 148. Warrant for somebody's arrest
143. Share in the property/some- 149. With a view to verbting
thing 150. Witeness of or to a case/an
share with somebody event
Share of a thing 151. Wonder at somebody's behaviour
something
144. Sin against god/mankind/humanity

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary

8. SOME IMPORTANT VERBS & THEIR FORMS

(v1) (v2) (v3) (v4) (v5)

abide abode abode/abided* abiding* abides
arise arose arisen arising arises
ask asked asked asking asks
awake awoke awoke/awaken awaking awakes
avoid avoided avoided avoiding avoids
bear bore born/borne bearing bears
beat beat beaten beating beats
become became become becoming becomes
beget begot begot/begotten* begetting begets
begin began begun beginning begins
behave behaved behaved behaving behaves
behold beheld beheld/beholden* beholding beholds
behove behoved behoved behoving behoves
bend bent bent bending bends
bereave bereaved/bereft bereaved/bereft bereaving bereaves
beseach besought besought beseaching beseaches
bet bet bet betting bets
bid bid bid bidding bids
bid bade bidden bidding bids
bind bound bound/bounden* binding binds
bite bit bitten biting bites
blame blamed blamed blaming blames
bleed bled bled bleeding bleeds
blend blended blended blending blends
blow blew blown blowing blows
blush blushed blushed blushing blushes
break broke broken breaking breaks
breathe breathed breathed breathing breathes
breed bred bred breeding breeds
bring brought brought bringing brings
build built built building builds
burn burnt/burned burnt/burned burning burns
burst burst burst bursting bursts
bury buried buried buying buries
buy bought bought buying buys
carry carried carried carrying carries
cast cast cast casting casts

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
catch caught caught catching catches
change changed changed changing changes
charge charged charged charging charges
cheat cheated cheated cheating cheats
chide chided/chid chided/chid chiding chides
choose chose chosen choosing chooses
cleave clove/cleft cloven/cleft cleaving cleaves
climb climbed climbed climbing climbs
clinch chinched clinched clinching clinches
cling clung clung clinging clings
clink clinked clinked clinking clinks
collide collided collided colliding collides
come came come coming comes
commence commenced commenced commencing commences
cost cost cost costing costs
count counted counted counting counts
creep crept crept creeping creeps
crow crowed crowed crowing crows
cry cried cried crying cries
cut cut cut cutting cuts
dab dabbed dabbed dabbing dabs
deal dealt dealt dealing deals
debase debased debased debasing debases
dig dug dug digging digs
dim dimmed dimmed dimming dims
do did done doing does
draw drew drawn drawing draws
dream dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt dreaming dreams
drift drifted drifted drifting drifts
drink drank drunk/drunken* drinking drinks
drive drove driven driving drives
drizzle drizzled drizzled drizzling drizzles
droop drooped drooped drooping droops
drop dropped dropped dropping drops
dry dried dried drying dries
dwell dwelt dwelt dwelling dwells
eat ate eaten eating eats
fail failed failed failing fails
fall fell fallen falling falls
feed fed fed feeding feeds
feel felt felt feeling feels

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
fell felled felled felling fells
fight fought fought fighting fights
fill filled filled filling fills
find found found finding finds
fine fined fined fining fines
flee fled fled fleeing flees
fling flung flung flinging flings
flit flitted flitted flitting flits
flow flowed flowed flowing flows
fly flew flown flying flies
fold folded folded folding folds
fondle fondled fondled fondling fondles
forbear forbore forborne forbearing forbears
forbid forbade forbidden forbidding forbids
forget forgot forgotten forgetting forgets
forgive forgave forgiven forgiving forgives
forgo forwent forgone forgoing forgoes
forsake forsook forsaken forsaking forsakes
found founded founded founding founds
freeze froze frozen freezing freezes
frown frowned frowned frowning frowns
get got got/gotten* getting gets
give gave given giving gives
glare glared glared glaring glares
go went gone going goes
grant granted granted granting grants
grind ground ground grinding grinds
groan groaned groaned groaning groans
grow grew grown growing grows
hang hung hung hanging hangs
hang hanged hanged hanging hungs
have had had having has
hear heard heard hearing hears
hide hid hidden hiding hides
hit hit hit hitting hits

hold held held holding holds

hurt hurt hurt hurting hurts
keep kept kept keeping keeps
kneel knelt knelt kneeling kneels
knit Knitted/knit knitted/knit knitting knits

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
know knew known knowing knows
lay laid laid laying lays
lead led led leading leads
lean leaned/ leant leaned/leant leaning leans
leap leaped leaped/leapt leaping leaps
learn learnt learned*/learnt learning learns
leave left left leaving leaves
lend lent lent lending lends
let let let letting lets
lie lay lain lying lies
lie lied lied lying lies
light lighted/lit lighted/lit lighting lights
loot looted looted looting loots
lose lost lost losing loses
make made made making makes
mean meant meant meaning means
meet met met meeting meets
melt melted melted/molten* melting melts
mislead misled misled misleading misleads
mistake mistook mistaken mistaking mistakes
owe owed owed owing owes
pay paid paid paying pays
prove proved proved proving proves
put put put putting puts
quit quitted/quit quitted/quit quitting quits
quieten quietened quietened quietening quietens
read read read reading reads
rid rid rid ridding rids
ride rode ridden riding rids
ring rang rung ringing rings
rise rose risen rising rises
rot rotted rotted/rotten* rotting rots
run ran run running runs
save saved saved saving saves
saw sawed sawed sawing saws
say said said saying says
see saw seen seeing sees
seek sought sought seeking seeks
sell sold sold selling sells
send sent sent sending sends
set set set setting sets

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
sew sewed sewed/sewn* sewing sews
shake shook shaken shaking shakes
shave shaved shaved/shaven* shaving shaves
shear sheared sheared/shorn* shearing shears
shed shed shed shedding sheds
shine shone shoned shining shines
shoot shot shot shooting shoots
show showed showed showing shows
shrink shrank shrunk/shrunken shrinking shrinks
shut shut shut shutting shuts
sing sang sung singing sings
sink sank sunk sinking sinks
sit sat sat sitting sits
slay slew slain slaying slays
sleep slept slept sleeping sleeps
slink slunk slunk slinking slinks
smell smelt smelt smelling smells
sow [ ] sowed sown sowing sows
spped speeded/sped speeded/sped speeding speeds
spell spelled/spelt spelled/spelt spelling spells

spend spent spent spending spends

spill spilled/spilt spilled/spilt spilling spills
spin spun/span spun spinning spins
spit spat spat spiting spits
split split split splitting splits
spoil spoiled/spoilt spoiled/spoilt spoiling spoils
spread spread spread spreading spreads
spring sprang sprung springing springs
stand stood stood standing stands
steal stole stolen stealing steals
stick stuck stuck sticking sticks
sting stung stung stinging stings
stink stank/stunk stunk stinking stinks
strew strewed strewed/strewn strewing strews
stride strode stridden striding strides
strike struck struck/stricken striking strikes
string strung strung stringing strings
strip stripped stripped striping strips
strive strove striven striving strives
stumble stumbled stumbled stumbling stumbles

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
stun stunned stunned stunning stuns
swear swore sworn swearing swears
sweep swept swept sweeping sweeps
swell swelled swelled/swollen swelling swells
swim swam swum swimming swims
swindle swindled swindled swindling swindles
swing swung swung swinging swings
swipe swiped swiped swiping swipes
take took taken taking takes
teach taught taught teaching teaches
tear tore torn tearing tears
tell told told telling tells
think thought thought thinking thinks
thrive throve/thrived thriven/thrived thriving thrives
throw threw thrown throwing throws
thrust thrust thrust thrusting thrusts
tread trod trod/trodden treading treads
tumble tumbled tumbled tumbling tumbles

undergo underwent undergone undergoing undergoes

understand understood understood understanding understands
undertake undertook undertaken undertaking undertakes

undo undid undone undoing undoes

wake woke/waked woke/woken waking wakes
wear wore worn wearing wears
weave wove woven weaving weaves
weep wept wept weeping weeps
win won won winning wins
wind wound wound winding winds
wind winded winded winding winds
withdraw withdrew withdrawn withdrawing withdraws
withold withheld withheld withholding withholds
withstand withstood withstood withstanding withstands
work worked worked working works
wrestle wrestled wrestled wrestling wrestles
write wrote written writing writes

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary

9. ONE WORD SUBSTITUTION-1

1. Abattoir : A place where animals 22. Anarchist: person who seeks to

are killed for food overturn the established Government

2. Abstinence: 23. Anecdote: A short amusing story

Careful in eating and drinking 24. Anorexia: A prolonged disorder of eating
3. Abstruse: Difficult to due to loss of appetite
understand 25. Anthology: Book of literary
4. Acoustics: Science of sound selection by various authors

5. Acrophobia: Fear of height 26. Antidote: A remedy to counteract

poison
6. Actuarial: Pertaining to insurance
27. Aphasia: Loss of speech due to injury
statistics
or illness
7. Addendum: A section of extra
28. Apiary: A place where bees are
information that is added at the end of the book
kept
8. Adulterate: Make impure by
29. Apostate: One who abandon his
adding inferior or tainted substances
religious faith
9. Aerie: Nest of flesh
30. Apotheosis: An ideal example of
eating bird
something
10. Agnostic: One who is skeptical of
31. Arbiter: A person who settles a dispute
the existence of God
between two parties
11. Alimony:
32. Arboretum: A facility where trees
Payment made to an ex-spouse after divorce
and shrubs are cultivated for exhibition
12. Allegory: Story in which characters
33. Archaeology: Study of Artifacts and
are used as symbols
relics of early mankind
13. Alliteration: Repetition of beginning
34. Archipelago: Group of closely located
sound in poetry
islands
14. Altruist: Soil deposit left by running
35. Aristocracy: A government by
water
the nobles
15. Alluvial: Soil made and
36. Arsenal: Storage place for materials
scatteres by flood.
of war
16. Ambidextrous: Capble of
37. Artisan: A manually skilled worker
moving both hands with equal ease
17. Ambrosia: Food of God 38. Ascetic: Living a life of severe discipline
and hardship
18. Amnesia: Loss of memory
39. Atavism: Resemblance to remote
19. Amphibian: Animals which live both ancestors rather than to parents
on land and in water
40. Atheist: Person who does not believe
20. Amphitheatre: Oval building with tears in the existence of God
of seats
41. Autopsy: Examination of a dead
21. Anachronism: An body
error in time
42. Avalanche: Great mass of falling
snow or ice

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
43. Barb: Sharp projection from fishhook 67. Cemeter y: Place for corpses to be
or other object buried
44. Ballistic: Related to the study of 68. Centrifugal: Moving away from the
dynamics of the projectile centre
45. Bankrupt: Person unable to pay his 69. Centripetal: Tending towards the
debts centre
46. Bequeath: Leave to someone 70. Chauvinist: Blindly devoted
by means of a will patriot
47. Bibulous: Addiction to or fond of 71. Chiropodist: One who treats the
alcoholic liquor ailments of feet
48. Biennial: That which happens in 72. Circumlocution: Roundabout
every two years way of expression
49. Bilingual: One who can speak two 73. Clairvoyant: Fortune teller
languages (Having foresight)
50. Biped: A creature having two feet 74. Coerce: Use of force to get
51. Blasphemy: Speaking irreverently someone to obey
about God or sacred things 75. Cognate: Having the same source or
52. Bludgeon: A heavy headed origin
weapon 76. Collateral: Security given for loan
53. Bohemian: One who does not 77. Conflagration: Huge destruction by fire
follow usual norms of social life 78. Connoisseur: person having sound
54. Brittle: Hard but easily broken judgment in the field of art
55. Buccaneer: A sailor who attacked 79. Connubial: Pertaining to marriage or
ships at sea and stole from them matrimonial state
56. Bureaucracy: Government by group 80. Contagious: Which spreads by
of paid officials physical touch or contact
57. Cacophony: Unpleasant sound 81. Coquette: A woman or girl who
58. Calligraphy: Art of beautiful handwriting flirts
59. Camaraderie: Feeling of friendship and 82. Cornucopia: Symbol of
trust among people who work or spend a lot of abundance
time together 83. Coronation: Ceremony of
60. Cannibal: The man who can eat crowning
human flesh 84. Cosmopolitan: Belonging to the
61. Carcinogenic: Causing cancer whole world
62. Carillon: Set of bells capable of being 85. Cynosure: Centre of attraction
played 86. Defrock: To officially
63. Carnage: Killing of large number of remove a priest from his job
people 87. Delirium: Mental disorder marked by
64. Carnival: Public merrymaking and confusion
feasting 88. Demagogue: A political leader who
65. Cartography: Art of map making delivers sentimental speeches
66. Catechism: Book for religious instruction 89. Democracy: A government by the
people, of the people, and for the people

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
90. Demographic: Related to 116. Elegy: A poem or song expressing
population balance lamentation
91. Dermatologist: One who studies 117. Ellipsis: Omission of words from a
skin and its diseases text
92. Destitution: Lacking basic 118. Emetic: Substance causing vomiting
necessities of life 119. Emigrant: A person who leaves his
93. Detrimental: Causing harm and own country and goes to live in another
damage 120. Empathy: Ability to identify another
94. Dexterous: Skilful at handling things person’s feeling
95. Dialectical: Related to the art of 121. Endearment: A word or expression that
debate is used to show affection
96. Diatribe: Bitter and violent attack in 122. Epicure: Person fond of delicious food
words 123. Epidemic: Disease affecting a wide
97. Diffidence: Lack of self confidence area
98. Dinghy: A small boat 124. Epigram: A short poem with witty
99. Diorama: Three dimensional scene from saying
nature or history 125. Epilogue: A short speech at conclusion
100. Dipsomaniac: A person who of a dramatic work
has a strong desire for alcoholic drinks 126. Epitaph: Inscription in the memory
101. Dirge: A song sung at burial of a dead person
102. Disenfranchise: 127. Epithet: Words or phrase
Deprive of the right to vote characteristically used to describe a person or thing
103. Disputatious: Fond of arguing 128. Epistemologist:
Philosopher who studies the nature of knowledge
104. Dissertation: A long piece of writing
on a particular subject 129. Epitome: Perfect example or
embodiment
105. Diurnal: Active during the day time
130. Equinox: Period of equal days and night
106. Doggerel: Worthless or foolish poetry
131. Etymology: Study of word parts
107. Dorsal: Related to the back of an animal
132. Eugenic: The science of improving
108. Drudgery: Hard boring work
the quality of human race
109. Dynasty: Succession of rulers
133. Euphemism: Mild expression in place
belonging to one family
of an unpleasant one ( The expression ‘he passed
110. Dyspeptic: Suffering from away’ is a euphemism of ‘he died’)
indigestion 134. Euphoria: A strong feeling of happiness
111. Ecologist: Person
135. Euphonic: Pleasant to listen
concerned with the interrelationship between the
living organism and the environment 136. Euthanasia: Practice of killing a person
without pain who is suffering from a disease that
112. Edible: Something fit to be eaten
cannot be cured
113. Effeminate: A person having womanly
137. Eviscerate: to remove the
traits
internal organs of the body
114. Effigy: Statue of a famous person
138. Exegesis: Explanation and elucidation
115. Egoism: Excessively interested in of scripture
one’s self

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
139. Exorcise: To free a person from evil 164. Heckler: Person who verbally harasses
spirits others
140. Expurgate: Remove objectionable 165. Hedonist: One who believes that
material from a book etc. pleasure is sole aim in life
141. Fastidious: Difficult to please 166. Hegemony: Dominance of one nation
142. Fatalist: One who depends on and over others
believes in faith 167. Henchman: Faithful supporter
143. Fauna: Animals of a region 168. Henpecked: Excessively fond of one’s
144. Filial: Pertaining to a wife
son or daughter 169. Herbivorous: A vegetarian animal
145. Filibuster: Block or human being
legislation by making long speeches 170. Herculean: Having enormous
146. Filigree: Delicate strength or size
decoration made from gold or silver wire 171. Hierarchy: Arrangement by rank or
147. Flora: Plants of a region or era standing
148. Fluke: Stroke of fortune 172. Hieroglyphic: Picture writing
149. Fratricide: Killing of one’s brother 173. Hinterlands:
Areas of the country that
150. Galleon: Large sailing ship
are away from the bank of a large river
151. Gargoyle: Water spout carved in
174. Holocaust: Destruction by fire
grotesque figures on a building
175. Homicide: Killing of a human being
152. Gastronomy: Science and art of
preparing and eating good food 176. Horticulture: Art of growing
153. Genealogy: Study of family history vegetables and fruits etc
177. Hypochondriac: A person unduly
154. Genocide: Murder of a race or
worried about his health
community
178. Iconoclastic: Criticizing
155. Genuflect: Bend knee in
popular beliefs and established customs and ideas
worship
179. Illegible: Incapable of being read
156. Gerontocracy: Government run by old
people 180. Immigrant: A person who comes to
157. Gerrymander: Change voting a country from another in order to settle there
district lines in order to favor a political party 181. Impalpable: That cannot be touched
158. Glutton: One who eats too much 182. Impenetrable: Incapable of penetration
159. Gossamer: Very fine thread made by 183. Imperialism: Policy of extending
spiders a country’s empire
160. Gourmand: Person who takes 184. Impertinent: Not showing proper respect
excessive pleasure in food and drink 185. Imposter: One who assumes a character
161. Gratuitous: Given Freely ( Gratuitous to deceive others
comments) 186. Impregnable: Which cannot be
162. Gregarious: Liking to be with other defeated
people 187. Impromptu: Something done without
163. Gyroscope: Apparatus used to preparation
maintain balance 188. Impunity: Freedom from

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
punishment 215. Levee: Earthen of stone embankment to
189. Incendiary: Which causes prevent flooding
fire burning 216. Lexicographer: Compiler of a
190. Incorrigible: That cannot be corrected dictionary
191. Incredible: Which cannot be 217. Linguist: Person speaking many
believed languages
192. Indefatigable: Incapable of being tired 218. Malingerer: One who pretends illness
193. Indelible: That cannot be erased to escape duty
219. Mariticide: Killing of one’s husband
194. Indemnity: Compensation for loss
220. Marsupial: One of the family of
195. Inevitable: Incapable of being
mammals that nurse their off springs in a pouch
avoided
221. Martinet: No talking at
196. Inexplicable: That cannot be
meals
explained
222. Martyr: One who voluntarily suffers
197. Infallible: Always right or never wrong
death for a noble cause
198. Infanticide: Killing of an infant
223. Masochist: Person who enjoys
199. Infectious: Disease which spreads his own pain
through air
224. Materialist: Person who consider
200. Inimitable: Matchless money or material gain as most important thing
201. Insolvent: One who is unable to pay 225. Matriarch: Woman who rules a family
debts of group
202. Insurrection: Rebellious against 226. Matricide: Murderer of one’s own
government mother
203. Invincible: Which cannot be conquered 227. Mealy-mouthed: Indirect in
204. Invulnerable: Incapable of being harmed speech (Mealy-mouthed politicians) cunning
205. Irrevocable: Incapable of being changed 228. Megalomania: Mania for doing
206. Jingoist: Extremely aggressive grandiose things
and militant patriot 229. Menagerie: Collection of wild
207. Juggernaut: animals
Irresistible crushing force 230. Mercenary: Greedy for
208. Juxtapose: Place side by side money
231. Metallurgical: Pertaining to the art
209. Kaleidoscope: Tube in which
of removing metal from ores
patterns made by the reflection in mirrors of
colored pieces of glass 232. Metamorphosis: Change in
210. Labyrinth: Complicated series of appearance
passages 233. Metaphor: A word or phrase that is used
211. Lachrymose: Tear producing to describe something else in a way that is different
from its normal use
212. Lagoon: Shallow body of water near
234. Meticulous: Very particular about
sea
small details
213. Larceny: Crime of stealing something from
235. Mirage: Unreal reflection or optical
someone
illusion
214. Lilliputian: Extremely small
236. Misanthrope: One who hates

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
mankind grown
237. Misogamy: Hatred from 261. Obelisk: Tall column tapering and
marriage ending in a pyramid
238. Misogynist: A man who hates women 262. Obituary: Death notice
239. Monarchy: Government under a single 263. Obsequy: Funeral ceremony
ruler 264. Obsolete: No longer used because
240. Monastery: Place where monk lives something new has been invented
241. Monotheism: Believe in one God 265. Octagon: A figure with eight sides
242. Moratorium: Authorized delay in an and angles
activity 266. Olfactory: Concerning the sense of
243. Moribund: Coming to an end smell
244. Mortuary: A place where dead bodies 267. Oligarchy: Government by a
are kept privileged few
245. Myriad: Very large number 268. Omnipotent: All powerful
246. Narcissist: Conceited person 269. Omnipresent: Present everywhere
247. Nautical: Pertaining to ships or navigation 270. Omniscient: Knowing everything
248. Necromancy: Practice of 271. Onomatopoeia: Words formed in
connecting with the dead people of an existing the imitation of natural sounds
word 272. Opaque: Which cannot be seen
249. Neologism: A new word or through
expression or a new meaning 273. Optimist: Person who looks on the
250. Nepotism: Undue favor to bright side
one’s own relative 274. Oratorio: Dramatic poem set to
251. Niggle: Spend too much time on music
minor points 275. Ornithologist:
252. Nihilist: One who considers Scientific student of birds
traditional believes to be groundless and existence 276. Orthography: Correct spelling
meaningless 277. Ostracize: To turn
253. Nirvana: The ideal state in which the out of society
individual loses himself in the attainment of an 278. Oviparous: Bearing eggs and not
imperial beatitude young ones
254. Nocturnal: Active at night 279. Pachyderm: Thick skinned animal
255. Nonentity: Person of no importance 280. Pacifist: Person opposed to violence
256. Nonpareil: Person or thing which has 281. Palatable: Food or drink that are
no equal pleasant to taste
257. Nostalgia: Longing for the past (Home 282. Palimpsest:
sickness) Parchment used for the second time after original
258. Nuance: Shade of difference writing has been erased
in meaning or colour 283. Panacea: Remedy for al diseases
259. Numismatist: Person who 284. Pandemonium: Wild and noisy disorder
collects coins 285. Panegyric: Formal praise
260. Nursery: Place where young plants are
286. Pantomime: Acting without dialogue

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
287. Parable: Short simple story teaching a play
moral 314. Promiscuous: Having many sexual
288. Paranoia: Psychosis marked by partners
delusions of grandeur 315. Punctilious: Minutely
289. Parasite: Animal or plant living on attentive to fine points
another 316. Pyromania: Person with an insane
290. Parricide: Killing of either of parents desire to set things on fire
291. Patriarch: Father and ruler of a family 317. Quadruped: Four footed animal
292. Patricide: Murder of one’s own 318. Quarantine: Isolation of a person or
father ship from a place to prevent spread of infection
293. Pauper: Very poor person 319. Quorum: Number of members
294. Pedagogy: Art of education necessary to conduct a meeting
320. Ragamuffin: Person wearing old
295. Pedantic: Display of knowledge and
clothes that are torn and dirty
learning
321. Rampart: A defensive wall of
296. Perennial: Something long lasting
stone or earth with a path on top
297. Perspicacious: Mentally quick and
322. Recapitulate: To repeat the
observant
main points
298. Pessimist: Person who looks on
323. Recluse: Person who lives alone
the dark side of the things
324. Reconnaissance: Information
299. Prehensile: Capable of holding
gathering activity about enemy forces
something
325. Red tapism: Too much official
300. Philanderer: Faithless lover
formality
301. Philanthropist: Lover of mankind
326. Regicide: Killing of a king
302. Philatelist: Stamp collector
327. Relegate: Reduce to a lower
303. Philistine: Narrow minded person position
304. Philology: Study of language 328. Relinquish: Give up something with
305. Placebo: Harmless substance reluctance
prescribed as a dummy pill 329. Remission: Cancellation or forgiveness
306. Plagiarism: To steal other’s idea of debt
and pass them of as one’s own 330. Rendezvous: Place fixed for
307. Platitude: Statement that is meeting
obviously true or commonplace remark 331. Renegade: Person who changes his
308. Plutocracy: Government ruled by religious beliefs or political party
wealthy 332. Repartee: Witty or clever reply
309. Polygamy: Custom of having more 333. Repercussion: Effect of some event,
than two spouse at a time action or decision
310. Polyglot: Person who speaks many 334. Replica: Copy of a work of art
languages
335. Repository: Store house
311. Posthumous: After death
336. Reprimand: Criticize severely
312. Premonition: Forewarning for danger
337. Requiem: A Christian ceremony for a
313. Prologue: Introduction to a poem or person who has recently dead

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
338. Restitution: Pay for damage 364. Sojourn: Stay for a short time
339. Reticent: One who speaks less 365. Soliloquy: Talking to oneself
340. Retribution: Punishment for offences 366. Solstice: Point at which sun is farthest
341. Rhapsodize: To speak from the equator
or write in an exaggerated enthusiastic manner 367. Somnambulist: One who
342. Rhetoric: Art of effective walks in sleep
communication 368. Somniloquist:
343. Rostrum: Platform for speech One who talks in sleep
making 369. Sonorous: Having pleasant
344. Rotunda: Circular building covered with sound
a dome 370. Soporific: Sleep causing, Sleepy
345. Saboteur: One who commits sabotage 371. Sorocide: Killing of one’s sister
or destroyer of property 372. Spartan: Lacking luxury and comfort
346. Sacrilegious: Treating holy 373. Spoonerism: Accidental
thing without respect transposition of sound in successive words
347. Sacrosanct: Most sacred 374. Sporadic: Occurring irregularly and not
348. Sanctimonious: Displaying hypocritical at regular time intervals
devoutness 375. Stoic: A person who is indifferent to
349. Sartorial: Pertaining to tailors pleasure or pain
350. Savage: Violent and uncivilized 376. Stultify: Cause to appear stupid or
351. Scapegoat: Someone who foolish
bears the blame for others 377. Suffragist: Advocate of
352. Scavenge: Hunt through discarded voting rights for women
materials for usable items 378. Sybarite: Lover of luxury
353. Scurry: Move hurriedly with short steps 379. Sycophant: Person who flatter others
354. Scrutinize: Examine closely and 380. Symbiosis: Independent mutually
carefully beneficial relationship
355. Seismic: Pertaining to earthquakes 381. Synagogue: Place where
356. Seminary: School for training future Jews worship
ministers 382. Tantalize: Torture with
357. Serendipity: Accidental disappointment
or by chance discovery 383. Tantamount: Equivalent in effect or value
358. Sibylline: Mysterious or difficult to 384. Tantrum: A sudden short period
understand of angriness
359. Siesta: Period of rest or sleep after lunch 385. Tarantula: Venomous spider
360. Simian: Monkeylike 386. Tautological: Needlessly repetitious
361. Sinecure: A Well paid position 387. Taxonomist: Specialist in
with little responsibility classifying animals or plants
362. Skullduggery: Dishonest 388. Teetotalism: Practice of abstaining
behavior totally of alcoholic drinks
363. Smother: Kill by suffocation 389. Theist: Person who believes in God

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
390. Theocracy: Government run by 403. Vicarious: Felt or experienced by
religious leaders watching or reading rather than by doing in yourself
391. Trajectory: Path taken by a projectile 404. Vindicate: Clear from blame
392. Truant: One who stays away 405. Vindictive: Having desire for revenge
from work or school without permission 406. Viviparous: Bearing living young ones
393. Ubiquitous: Something that is and not eggs
present everywhere 407. Vivisection: Act of dissecting living
394. Ursine: Bear like animals
395. Usury: Lending money at illegal rates 408. Voracious: Eating or wanting large amount
of interest of food
396. Uxoricide: Killer of one’s wife 409. Vulnerable: Susceptible to attack or
397. Uxorious: Foolishly devoted to one’s damage
wife 410. Vulpine: Like a fox
398. Vendetta: A long and violent 411. Wanderlust: Strong longing
disagreement between two families or groups in to travel
which people are murdered in return of previous 412. Warren: Tunnels in which
murders rabbit lives
399. Ventriloquist: Someone who can 413. Whinny: Neigh like a horse
make his or her voice seem to come from another 414. Xenophobia:
person or thing
Fear or hatred from foreigners
400. Verbatim: Word for word
415. Yeoman: Man owning small estate or
401. Verso: Any left hand page of an open middle class farmer
book 416. Zealot: Person who shows excessive
402. Vespers: Evening prayers in zeal or enthusiasm
church

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary

10. ONE WORD SUBSTITUTION-2

1. A minister representing a sovereign or a state
in a foreign country = ambassador
2. A person sent on a mission = emissary
3. A person who spends his money recklessly = spendthrift
4. A person who can neither read nor write = illiterate
5. A person who lives at the same time as another = contemporary
6. A lover of mankind = philanthropist
7. A lover of womankind = philogynist
8. A lover of oneself = egoist
9. A lover of others = altruist
10. A lover of food = gourmand
11. A person who loves his own country = patriot
12. A person who regards the whole world as his country = cosmopolitan
13. A person who believes in the total abolition of war = pacifist
14. A person who is fond of fighting = bellicose
15. A man who is womansih in his habits = effeminate
16. A person who is devoted to the welfarc of women = feminist
17. One who is all-powerful = omnipresent
18. One who is present everywhere = ommniprnestly
19. One who knows everything = omniscient
20. One who belives in fate = fatalist
21. One who supplicates or entreats earnestly = supplicant
22. One who has narrow religious views = bigot
23. One who plays for pleasure = amateur
24. One who plays for money = professional
25. One who eats too much = glutton
26. One who feeds on vegetables = vegetarian
27. One who eats human flesh = cannibal
28. One who breaks images and idols = iconoclast
29. One who is over-enthusiastic about some religious
principles or beliefs = fanatic
30. One who walks in sleep = somnambulist
31. One who talks in sleep = somniloquent
32. One who makes a scientific study of language = linguist
33. One who knows many languages = polyglot
34. One who enjoys another person’s confidence = confidant
35. One who is appointed by parties to settle disputes = arbitrator
36. One who breaks in a house to steal = burglar
37. One who sails around stopping and robbing ships at sea = pirate
38. One who abstains from alcoholic drink = teetotaler

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
39. A person who leaves his own country and goes to live
in another = emigrant
40. A person who comes to one country from another to settle = immigrant
41. To send out of one’s native country = expatriate
42. One who leads others in any field = pioneer
43. One who commits the first act of attack = aggressor
44. One who speaks for others = spokesman
45. One who wastes money for luxury = extravagant
46. One who is unable to pay his debt = insolvent/bankrupt
47. One who abandons his religious faith = apostate
48. One who makes an eloquent public speech = orator
49. One who undergoes the penalty of death for
Persistence in his faith = martyr
50. A child whose parents are dead = orphan
51. A man whose wife is dead = widower
52. A woman whose husband is dead = widow
53. A person who takes advantage of every change for
Success, sometimes to other people’s disadvantage = Opportunist
54. A girl or woman who flirts, that is, tries to attract
People and make advances in love simply to
Satisfy her vanity = coquette
55. A person who has a long experience of any occupation = veteran
56. A person who does clever tricks which appear magical = conjuror
57. A person who travels into or through a country
for the purpose of learning about it = explorer
58. A disease that can be spread by touch = contagious
59. A disease that is found regularly in a particular place = endemic
60. A disease that causes death = fatal
61. A child born after the death of its father = posthumous
62. A child brought up by persons who are not its parents = foster-child
63. Having a tendency to break the law to do socially
unacceptable things = delinquent
64. A disease caused by bacteria and passed from one
Person to another = infectious
65. A remedy for all kinds of diseases = panacea
66. A medicine that induces sleep = narcotic
67. An office which has no work but high salary = sinecure
68. A game or battle in which no party gains victory = drawn
69. A roundabout way of expression = circumlocution
70. A story in which ideas are symbolized as people = allegory

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
71. A short simple story designed to teach a moral
Or religious lesson = parable
72. A short story in which animals or objects speak a
story that gives wholesome moral lesson = fable
73. A talk between two people = dialogue
74. An old story about great events and people
In ancient times, which may not be true = legend
75. A long speech for a single actor or actress,
usually alone on a stage = monologue
76. An introduction to a long poem, a play, etc. = prologue
77. A speech made by one of the actors at the end of a play = epilogue
78. A string of beads used for prayer = rosary
79. The act of speaking a loud one’s thoughts when alone = soliloquy
80. A speech which is delivered without any previous Preparation = extempore
81. The first venture of a person = maiden
82. The life-history of a man written by himself = autobiography
83. The life-history of a man written by someone else = biography
84. Animals which live both on land and in water = amphibians
85. Animals which live in flocks = gregarious
86. Animals which give milk and suckle their young ones = mammals
87. An animal which lives on the flesh of others = carnivorous
88. Animals which live in water = aquatic
89. A style full of words = Verbose
90. A style in which a writer displays his knowledge = pedantic
91. Repetition or writing word for word = verbatim
92. Matter written by hand = manuscript
93. Words opposite in meaning = antonym
94. Words different in meaning but similar in sound = homonym
95. Words similar in meaning = synonym
96. Anything which is no longer in use = obsolete
97. Article sold by one country to another = export
98. Article bought by one country from another = import
99. A state which is impartial to all religions = secular
100. That which cannot be heard = inaudible
101. That which cannot be consumed by fire = incombustible
102. That which cannot be believed = incredible
103. That which cannot be blotted = indelible
104. That which cannot be denied for questioned = indisputable
105. That which cannot be cured = incurable
106. That which cannot be corrected or reformed = incorrigible
107. That which cannot be explained = inexplicable

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
108. That which cannot be expressed in words = inexpressible
109. That without which one can’t do = indispensable
110. That which cannot be extinguished = inextinguishable
111. That which cannot be avoided = inevitable
112. That which never tires out = inexhaustible
113. That which cannot be easily reached = inaccessible
114. That which cannot be admitted or allowed = inadmissible
115. That which cannot be defended = indefensible
116. That which cannot be excused = inexcusable
117. That which can be easily set on fire = inflammable
118. That which never fails = infallible
119. That which can be seen through = transparent
120. That which can not be seen = invisible
121. That which can not be repaired = irreparable
122. That which cannot be perceived by the senses = inperceptible
123. That which cannot be changed = irrevocable
124. That which is not to the point = irrelevant
125. That which cannot be taken by force or arms = impregnable
126. Incapable of being read = illegible
127. Incapable of being wounded = invulnerable
128. Incapable of being divided = indivisible
129. Incapable of being dissolved = insoluble
130. Incapable of being understood = unintelligible
131. Incapable of being imitated = inimitable
132. Incapable of being practiced = impracticable
133. Fit to be chosen = eligible
134. That which cannot be seen through = opaque
135. That which happens every two years = biennial
136. That which happens every four years = quadrennial
137. That which happens every half year = semiannual
138. That which occurs time after time = perennial
139. That which happens once in three years = triennial
140. A man who leads an immoral life = libertine
141. A medicine to counteract the effect of poison = antidote
142. A medicine which can loosen the bowels = laxative
143. The science of speech sound = phonetics
144. The science of reasoning = logic
145. The science which deals with the derivation of words = etymology
146. Related to the sun = solar
147. Related to the moon = lunar

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
148. The practice of marrying only once = monogamy
149. The practice of having two wives/ husbands atime = bigamy
150. The practice of marrying more than one wife at a time = polygamy
151. The practice of marrying more than one husband at a time = polyandry
152. Allowance due to a wife on legal separation from her husband = alimony
153. Property inherited from one’s father or ancestor = patrimony
154. Of unknown or unadmitted authorship = anonymous
155. An imaginary name assumed by an author for disguise = pseudonym
156. The cessation of warfare before a treaty is signed = armistice
157. The act of violating the sanctity of the church = sacrilege
158. The act of speaking disrespectfully about sacred things = blasphemy
159. An office for which no salary is paid = honorary
160. The sum paid to a man for his labour = remuneration
161. Yearly return of a date = anniversary
162. Compulsory enlistment of military and other services = conscription
163. Of one’s own free will = voluntary
164. All of one mind = unanimous
165. Occurring at the same time = simultaneous
166. Give tit for tat = retaliate
167. A figure with many angles and sides = polygon
168. Total loss of voice = aphonica
169. One who walks on foot = pedestrian
170. One who is found of entertaining guests = hospitable
171. One who is out to destroy all government, law and order = anarchist
172. One who is revengeful = vindictive
173. One who is interested in old things, works of art or books = antiquarian
174. One who deceives by pretending to be someone else = impostor
175. The worship of idols or images = idolatry
176. The original inhabitants of a country = aborigines
177. Persons who work in the same department of an office = colleagues
178. A soldier who fights for the shake of money = mercenary
179. A formal written charge against a person for some
Crime of offence = indictment
180. Forensic examination of a dead body = postmortem
181. Engaged in war = belligerent
182. A person who has many love affairs without intending to marry = philanderer
183. A person who helps a helpess persons or stranger = Samaritan
184. One who can use either hand with perfect ease = ambidextrous
185. The state of abstention from marriage = celibacy
186. Land that grows things in abundance = fertile
187. Land that does not grow anything = barren

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
188. A disease that spreads over a large area = epidemic
189. A house which is visited by ghosts = ?
190. The place where clothes are kept = wardrobe
191. A political leader who tries to appeal to the feelings
of people to stir them up = demagogue
192. A place of rest and recuperation for the sick = sanatorium
193. A place for the burial of dead bodies = cemetery
194. A place where birds and beasts are kept for public to see = zoo
195. A person who introduces the performers, speakers etc. = compere
196. A place where books are bound = bindery
197. A boastful fellow who behaves recklessly = swashbuckler
198. A place where stone, slate, etc. is obtained for
building, road-making etc. = quarry
199. A structure erected in remembrance of a person or event = monument
200. A gambling den = casino
201. Closed vehicle for carrying sick or wounded people = ambulance
202. Force of aircraft used to protect a military or naval operation = air-cover
203. List of things to be done, business to be discussed
by a committee = agenda
204. A record of list of one’s ancestors in the order of
succession of descent = genealogy
205. An imaginary place where ideally perfect social and
political conditions are supposed to exist = utopia
206. Paradise or a place where one gets supreme delight
and political conditions are supposed to exist = Elysium
207. A small set or committee of top leaders which runs
the election for the party = caucus
208. Person who pilots or travels in balloon, airship or other aircraft = aeronaut
209. Person who writes from dictation from somebody = amanuensis
210. Person who believes that nothing can be known
about God or of anything except memorial things = agnostic

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary

11. IDIOMS & PHRASES

1. To do something above board 12. Apple pie order : perfect
: to do something openly, order She always keeps her books in apple pie
without any secrecy or deception order.
All the political parties criticize one another above 13. To upset the apple cart
board : to throw all plans in confusion
2. To settle one’s account with John’s carelessness upset the apple cart of my
: to pay what one owes to someone business.
She has settled her account with me. 14. With open arms : cordially
3. On account of : because of The chief minister welcomed the advice of the
leader of the opposition with open arms.
She is absent from duty on account of illness.
15. In the arms of Morpheus : in
4. Within an ace of : failing,
the lap of sleep
escaping by a narrow margin
After crying for an hour, the baby went in the arms
This old man was within an ace of being run down
of Morpheus.
by a speedy car.
16. At daggers drawn : at great
5. To add fuel to fire : to say
enmity The brethren of this community always
something that makes people react more strongly
remain at daggers drawn.
or fiercely
The leader added fuel to fire by provoking the 17. Have an axe to grind :
angry mob to attack the police van. to have a selfish motive
Our leader has an axe to grind in helping these
6. Rolling in the aisles : much
children.
amused, helpless with laughter
This comedian will have the audience rolling in 18. To be on one’s back
the aisles. : to be ill in bed
7. Visits like those of angles Mr. Rajan, who used to work for more than twelve
hours a day is on his back now :a :days.
: rare visits
These days her visits to your house are like those 19. Back bite : denounce
of angles. somebody in his absence
Everyone should avoid back biting.
8. Ever and anon : now and then,
occasionally He visits my house ever and anon. 20. A bag of bones : a lean
and thin person
9. Upon the anvil :
in the state of formation or preparation Cancer has made him a bag of bones.
All his projects are on/upon the anvil. 21. To hold/keep somebody at bay
10. God’s ape : a born fool : to prevent (an enemy,
purser) from coming near
She is a God’s ape.
We must hold/keep our enemies at bay.
11. To keep up appearances
22. To be at one’s beads : to
: to maintain a public impression of
workship My father is at his beads everyday.
prosperity despite unfavourable conditions
23. To tell one’s beads : to say one’s
Mr. Sinha tried to keep up appearances despite
heavy loss in business. prayer Why does she tell her beads all day?
24. To spill the beans : to give
away secret information

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
The villagers split the beans to the police about 36. One’s better self : the higher
the kidnapped boy. part of one’s nature, including conscience and good
25. A bear garden : a judgement
place or scene of tumult To honour the general public is a leader’s better
There was a bear garden in the meeting of the self.
Chief Minister. 37. Between the devil and the deep sea
26. To bear the lion in his den : in a dilemma Having
: to visit somebody important to helped a criminal like him
challenge him Mrs. Sinha has fallen between the devil and the
It is not wise for you to bear the lion in his den. deep sea.
27. To beat about the bush 38. Grow too big for one’s boots
: to approach a subject without coming : to be filled with pride
to the point Having stood first in the University Examination,
The Finance Minister beat about the bush and did Miss Rima got/grow too big for her boots.
not give any answer to the question of the leader 39. To talk big : to boast
of the opposition. He talks big of his knowledge in English.
28. To beat black and blue : 40. To kill two birds with one stone
to beat severely : to achieve two things with a
The shopkeepers beat the thief black and blue. single effort
29. To beat the clock A cunning leader like him often kills two birds
: to do or finish something within or with one stone.
before the time allowed 41. To bite one’s lips
He has beaten the clock in paying off his debts. : to repress one’s emotion
30. Bed and board : food and Knowing the fact that his son had stolen the money,
lodging Students should be given proper bed and he bit his lips.
board in the hostel. 42. Once bitten twice shy
31. A bed of roses : an easy, : a person, who has been cheated, hurt
comfortable situation etc., is likely to be cautious afterwards
Life is not a bed of roses. I was once bitten twice shy in the auction.
32. A bed of thorns : a very 43. Black dog : melancholy, the blues
uncomfortable situation
When she lost the match, the black dog appeared
Life is a bed of thorns. on her face.
33. To bear the bell : to 44. Black in the face : dark red
get the first position with anger
She has been praised everywhere for bearing the He was black in the face when he was quarrelling
bell in the University examination. with his next door neighbor.
34. Below the belt : contrary to 45. Blind man’s bluff : game
the principles of fairness of hide and seek
He hit his enemy below the belt. I am not interested in a blind man’s bluff.
35. To tighten one’s belt : to 46. In cold blood : deliberately;
undergo hardship patiently; to be more frugal ruthlessly The old man killed his daughter in cold
The soldiers should tighten their belts while fighting blood. Blood and thunder: sensational literature
their enemies. Students should not read blood and thunder.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
47. A blood horse : an 59. To hold one’s breath
English horse of Arab breeds : to stop
A blood horse is very strong and useful. breathing for a short time
48. Blue blood : alleged superiority by She held her breath while the doctor was examining
reason of birth her.
Jawaharlal Nehru was a man of blue blood. 60. To take away one’s breath
49. To keep the pot boiling : to : to surprise
procure the necessaries of life The news of his son’s death in an accident took
The deprived section of the society feels problems away his breath.
in keeping the pot boiling. 61. To bridge the gulf : to remove
50. A bone of contention : a thing/ the differences and reconcile
subject of dispute The two enemies bridged the gulf and became
Kashmir is a bone of contention for India and friends.
Pakistan. 62. To prick the bubble
51. Born with a silver spoon in one’s mouth : to destroy somebody’s illusion
: born in a very rich family about something
Jawaharlal Nehru was born with a silver spoon in Her failure in the examination pricked the bubble
his mouth. of her brilliance
52. Bottom dollar : the last penny 63. A drop in the bucket/ocean : a
He has spent the bottom dollar he had. quantity too small to make an impact
The bonus given to the employees is a drop in the
53. In the same box : of the
bucket/ocean.
same nature
The husband and wife are in the same box. 64. To build castles in the air :
to indulge in daydreaming or visionary schemes
54. Brain drain
Only a fool builds castles in the air.
: the loss of trained
professional persons as doctors, engineers etc. to 65. A bull market
a higher developed country India is facing the : market where prices are rising
problem of brain drain. Patna market is a bull market.
55. To tax one’s brain 66. A bull’s eye : the centre of the target
: to set oneself to a difficult To get a government job is a bull’s eye for an
task unemployed youth.
I taxed my brain to solve this sum and finally 67. To take a bull by the horns
succeeded. : to face a difficulty or
56. To make one’s bread : to danger boldly. Whenever he finds himself in
earn livelihood trouble, he takes a bull by the horns.
I make my bread by honest labour. 68. To bury the hatchet
57. Bread buttered on both sides : to stop quarrelling and become friends
: fortunate circumstances; very lucky The two enemies buried the hatchet yesterday.
Mr. verma enjoys the bread buttered on both sides. 69. To miss the bus : to
58. To break the ice : to make a lose an opportunity
beginning; to overcome reserve A wise man does not miss the bus in life.
The host broke the ice by introducing all his guests 69(b).To beat about the bush: to avoid coming to the
to one another. point

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Both the parties were beating about the bush in 82. To work against the clock
court. : to work fast
70. To call spade a spade : to The labourers worked against the clock and went
speak in plain terms home.
The accused called spade a spade in court. 83. In the clouds : in an unreal
71. To swallow a camel : to world/imaginary world
have a great power of tolerance He lives in the clouds of marrying a Miss India.
He was cheated by his friend but swallowing a 84. To carry coals to Newcastle
camel he did not grumble at all. : to take goods to a place where they are
72. Feathers in one’s cap : already plentiful
something of which one may be proud Offering loans to a rich man is like carrying coals
Becoming an I.A.S. is feathers in Mohan’s cap. to Newcastle.
73. To throw up the cards : to 85. A cog in the machine/wheel
surrender : a
Pakistan threw up the cards in the Kargil War. person who plays a minor role in a large
74. To cast pearls before swine organization, activity etc.
: to offer valuable things to persons who People do not know her because she is just a cog
cannot appreciate them in the machine (wheel).
The famous singer sang a classical song in the 86. Cold fish
function of the political leaders but it was like : person lacking in normal cordiality ,
casting pearls before swine. sympathy or other feelings
75. To cast one’s bread upon the waters My friend is a cold fish, so very few people like
: to do good things without him.
expecting anything in return 87. Pros and cons : arguments for and
A true saint casts his bread upon waters. against something
76. To bell the cat : to The pros and cons of the strike were discussed in
attempt something dangerous detail.
Very few people dare to bell the cat these days. 88. To keep oneself cool :
77. Like a cat on hot bricks : very to remain calm
nervous. You are leading a life like a cat on hot She keeps herself cool even in a critical situation.
bricks. 89. To turn the corner: to pass through a crisis
78. A cat and dog life : a life in safely
which parents are constantly quarrelling Only the brave turn the corner.
My neighbour is leading a cat and dog life. 90. Rough corners : boorish or
79. A cat’s paw : a unsophisticated manners or characteristics
person who is used as a tool by another He is notorious for his rough corners.
She is a cat’s paw of her boss. 91. To count the cost
80. To rain cats and dogs : to : to anticipate
rain very heavily the risk involved in undertaking a venture
It has been raining cats and dogs since last night. A wise man always counts the cost.
81. To lick one’s chops: to wait with pleasure 92. Dutch courage :
I was licking my chops for the announcement of courage that comes from drinking
the result. He committed this crime because of his Dutch
courage.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
93. From the cradle : since childhood 106. To die in harness
He has been lucky from the cradle. : to die while still working
94. Cream of the shop : the best His father died in harness.
Puja is the cream of the shop in this college. 107. Dim and distant : long past
95. By hook or by crook : by one
means or another The Sati System was in vogue dim and distant in
He became a Probationary Officer by hook or by our society.
crook. 108. Dull as dish water/Dull as ditch water
96. Off the cuff : extremely dull, boring
: (imparting information) unofficially Mr. Sinha’s speech was dull as dish water/dull as
or informally He has given me this ditch water.
information off the cuff. 109. A dog’s chance : no hope
97. To lift the curtain on : to make at all
known or public There is a dog’s chance in her survival.
He lifted the curtain on the secret marriage of 110. A word in one’s ears : secretly
Ram and Sita. He conveyed his message to her a word in her
98. Cut throat competition : ears.
very tough competition 111. A bad egg : a
There is a cut throat competition in every kind of worthless or dishonest person
business. There is no place for a bad egg in this office.
99. Sword of Damocles : imminent 112. To end in smoke : to waste
danger He failed to see the sword of Damocles
and met with his destruction.
All his efforts to marry her ended in smoke.
100. Dead to the world : fast asleep
113. An eye for an eye : retaliation
The policy of an eye for an eye is not good.
The theft took place when the members of the
family were dead to the world. 114. A fair weather friend :
a person who ceases to be a friend when one is in
101. In deep water : in great difficulty
trouble
She does not lose courage and patience even in
Beware of a fair weather friend.
deep water.
115. A fair weather sailor
102. To give the devil his due
: one who has never faced a
: to give deserved credit even to a person
storm
one dislikes
A fair weather sailor may put you in danger.
It is the demand of justice to give the devil his
due. 116. To chew the fat : to chat
103. To raise the devil : to cause a A fool wastes his time chewing the fat.
disturbance 117. To find favour with
The leader of the opposition raised the devil in the : to be approved of by someone
assembly. Ram’s proposal found favour with a majority.
104. To die in a ditch : to die 118. To feel in one’s bones
a cowardly death : to know or sense
A brave soldier hates dying in a ditch. something intuitively
105. To die in shoes : to be He felt in his bones that he would be killed .
murdered An honest leader often dies in shoes. 119. On one’s feet : in a standing position

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Why have you kept the little girl on her feet? 131. To act/play the fool :
120. To play first fiddle : to to behave stupidly
play the prominent role It is not expected from a professor to act/play the
He has played first fiddle in your marriage. fool.
121. To burn one’s finger 132. To be nobody’s fool : to be wise
: to suffer injury by acting Ram’s father is sure that he is nobody’s fool.
rashly 133. To try one’s fortune :
He burnt his finger by slapping a criminal. to take a risky step, to try one’s luck
122. To play with fire : to take He tried his fortune in gambling.
foolish risk 134. With a free hand : generously
Beating a criminal was like playing with fire for I help the needy person with a free hand.
Manoj. 135. To make one’s blood freeze
123. To fight fire with fire : to fill one with terror
: return like for like Don’t make a child’s blood freeze.
The policy of fighting fire with fire should be 136. To play the game :
avoided.
to behave in accordance with the rules
124. To go through fire and water Every public servant should play the game.
: to brave any danger or
137. To get into hot water :
endure any trial
to get into trouble
We should go through fire and water to protect
Being caught red handed by the C.B.I., she has
the integrity of our country.
got into hot water.
125. To drink like a fish :
138. To get the right scent
to drink excessively
: to get a clue to some mystery
He cannot behave properly because he has drunk
like a fish. The police have got the right scent of the robbers.

126. Other fish to fry : 139. To give up the ghost : to die

other matters requiring attention The renowned film star Amrish Puri gave up the
I must go now because I have other fish to fry. ghost on 12th jan., 2005.

127. To fit somebody like a glove : 140. To be hand in glove with

to fit the wearer perfectly in size and shape, to be : to be very intimately associated (with)
very suitable and accurate Seema is hand in glove with Sunita.
Her coat fits her like a glove. 141. To handle somebody with kid gloves
128. Flesh and blood : to treat with extreme tact or
: human nature with its gentleness
emotions, weaknesses, etc. We should handle our children with kid gloves.
Flesh and blood can stand more than human nature 142. The golden rule : a very
can bear. important rule of conduct
129. To make a person’s blood creep Hospitality is the golden rule of life.
: to frighten or horrify him 143. Good for nothing : worthless
The terrorists made my blood creep. His old coat is good for nothing.
130. To foam at the mouth : to 144. To cook one’s goose :
be extremely angry to ruin one’s chances or plans completely
The headmaster foamed at the mouth to see
Mohan teasing a girl

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
I disclosed my secrets and cooked my goose 159. Hat in hand : humbly, respectfully
myself. He talked to me hat in hand.
145. With good grace : willingly 160. Under one’s hat : confidential; private
She helps her friends with good grace. Their love affairs under their hats are now known.
146. With a grain of salt : with 161. To take up the hatchet :
reservations to prepare for or go to war
I believe her with a grain of salt. The Indian Army is taking up the hatchet.
147. Grapes from thorns 162. To have clean hands :
: expectation of something impossible to be very perfectly innocent
It is foolish of you to get grapes from thorns. He has clean hands in the fodder scam.
148. To have one foot in the grave 163. To have irons in the fire
: to be near death : to have many projects in hand
This serious patient has one foot in the grave. I do not visit you these days because I have irons
149. Gravy train : in the fire.
source of much or easy money 164. To keep one’s head above water
Smuggling is a gravy train. : to manage or survive a
150. Green eyed : jealous difficult experience
Nobody likes a green eyed man. A wise and brave man keeps his head above water.
151. Like grim death : very firmly 165. To have the heart of stone :
He climbed the tree like grim death. to feel no pity
152. The daily grind : Her husband has the heart of stone.
everyday work 166. In the seventh heaven :
Students should complete the daily grind regularly. extremely happy
153. To split hairs : to find Hearing the news of his selection in the P.O.
examination, he was in the seventh heaven.
fault with
He split hairs of my every achievement. 167. Heavy tidings : bad news
154. Hale and hearty : very healthy She was shocked to hear the heavy tidings of her
dismissal.
The beggar is hale and hearty.
168. Cat in hell’s chance
155. Hammer and tongs :
: no chance at all
with great noise or vigour
It is a cat in hell’s chance of his coming today.
The victory of the party was celebrated hammer
and tongs. 169. High and dry : abandoned
156. To hand in one’s cheek : to die High and dry children should be helped by the
government.
My elder brother handed in his cheeks in the Kargil 170. High and mighty : arrogant
war. The high and mighty is not honoured in society.
157. To fly off the handle : to 171. High days and holidays
become very agitated or angry : festivals and occasions
When he teased her, she flew off the handle. We enjoy high days and holidays very much.
158. Hard and fast rules : strict rules/ 172. A hill of beans : a thing of
principles little value
Our school has made some hard and fast rules for Your old watch is a hill of beans.
boys and girls.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
173. To hit the deck : to fall to The prisoners were brought to the district court
the ground under lock and key.
The old man hit the deck and broke his right leg. 185. To be dressed to kill
174. To hold one’s horses : : To be dressed so as to
to restrain oneself attract attention, admiration especially from the
Even in anger a reasonable man holds his horses. opposite sex
175. From the horse’s mouth : She is dressed to kill a young man.
from a reliable source 186. Under the knife : Under a
I have got this information from the horse’s mouth. surgical
176. Hot under the collar : angry He is under the knife for the removal of tumour.
The Principal was hot under the collar to know 187. Like a knife through butter :
that some of the teachers had plotted against him. Very easily
177. The inns and outs : She got her work done like a knife through butter.
The details and complexities 188. A lame duck : One who is disabled,
I know the ins and outs of the problem. helpless, ineffective or inefficient
178. To have too many irons in the fire His wife is a lame duck.
: To pay attention to many pieces 189. The last straw : An addition
of work at the same time; Do various things to a task which strains one’s patience to the limit
simultaneously The last straw became the cause of his death.
Our minister has too many irons in the fire. 190. To put the last hand to :
179. To force the issue To finish or complete
: To compel decision on some matter The painter put the last hand to the picture within
the last ten minutes.
The principal forced the issue without knowing
the views of the members of the management 191. A laughing stock : An object
committee. of ridicule
180. To take issue : To be in My friend’s brother is a laughing stock.
disagreement 192. To lead by the nose
I took issue with him on this matter. : To control somebody completely
181. To Jump the light The criminal leads many a man by the nose.
: To violate the traffic rules 193. French leave :
He was detained by the traffic police for jumping Absence without permission
the light. The clerk is enjoying French leave today.
182. To wait for the cat to jump 194. To be all legs : To be a very
: To tall and thin person
delay taking action or a decision until it becomes Mr. Ram is all legs because of T.B.
clear how events will turn out 195. To be on one’s leg
The government waits for the cat to jump over : To be well enough to walk about after illness
the Kashmir issue.
This patient is on his legs now.
183. To keep an eye on : To
196. The leisured classes :
watch over closely
Luxurious people
The guard keeps an eye on the school children.
The leisured classes waste their time in merry
184. Under lock and key : Under great making
safety

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
197. Out on a limb : in a dangerous 210. To the last man : with no exception;
situation everyone
The lives of these soldiers are out on a limb. The soldiers were honoured to the last man.
198. The limb of the devil/Satan : 211. Man in the moon : very rare
mischievous child person
His youngest son is the limb of the devil/Satan. Dr. Verma has become a man in the moon these
199. To escape with life and limb days.
: to escape unhurt 212. Dead men’s shoes
The criminal escaped with life and limb in this : job that one takes over
encounter with the police. from somebody who has left unexpectedly or died
200. The lion’s share : He got early promotion by stepping into dead
larger or largest part men’s shoes.
The leader of the gang takes the lion’s share in 213. To meet the ear : to be audible
the booty. Your argument has met the ear of the higher
201. Lion in the way : a hindrance authority.
A brave man overcomes all the lions in the way of 214. To meet one’s match
his goal. : to meet
202. Lion’s mouth : a dangerous somebody who has as much skill, determination,
situation etc. as oneself and perhaps more
The police Inspector is in the lion’s mouth these He thought himself a scholar in English but he has
days. met his match now.
203. Loaves and fishes : personal 215. Middle of the road : average
profit as a motive for religious, professional or He is a student of the middle of the road.
public service 216. To be in two minds : in a
The honest hate loaves and fishes. dilemma
204. Lock, stock and barrel : completely I was in two minds when I had to take a decision.
The criminal has captured Mr. Ramlal’s factory 217. To mind the door : to be alert
lock, stock and barrel. We should mind the door of the anti party.
205. To lower one’s sights : 218. Many moons ago : a long time
to be less ambitious ago
I advised him to lower his sights. This incident took place many moons ago.
206. The devil’s own luck : Very 219. In a muck : in an untidy state
good luck You should not leave your books in a muck.
She was born with the devil’s own luck. 220. Music to one’s ears : good news
207. To make a man bleed : She was overjoyed to hear music to her ears.
to victimize somebody
221. Tooth and nail : with all one’s
It is wrong to make a man bleed.
resources or energy
208. To make a one’s mark : India fought tooth and nail against Pakistan.
to attain success; to achieve one’s ambition
222. On the nails : on the spot , at once
Anup Jalota has made his mark as a singer.
Objective questions have been solved on the nails.
209. Man of letters : man of
223. Brave new world
literature
: a new era
Ravindranath Tagore was a man of letters.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
resulting from revolutionary changes, reforms, etc. Oil the officer’s hand and get your work done.
in society 236. To oil one’s tongue : to speak
A brave new world has come in politics. politely
224. To follow one’s nose He oils his tongue when he talks to me.
: to guide oneself by instinct 237. To hold out the olive branch
The man/woman who follows his/her nose is : to be ready to have a peace talk
honourable. Pakistan should hold out the olive branch.
225. To pay through the nose : 238. Once in a blue moon : very
to pay an excessive price rarely
We have to pay through the nose even for the Golden chances come once in a blue moon in life.
onion.
239. By ones and twos :
226. To poke one’s nose into : to one or two at a time
interfere
Audience began to leave the meeting by ones and
It is your bad habit to poke your nose into my private twos.
matter.
240. With open arms : with great
227. Next to nothing : affection
almost nothing
They welcomed the guests with open arms.
He inherited from his ancestors next to nothing.
241. Like an oven : very hot
228. Hard/tough nut (to crack) : a
The environment is like an oven today.
difficult problem or situation
242. Over and above : besides
Air pollution is a tough nut to crack.
I have a shirt over and above two T-shirts.
229. The nuts and bolts : basic
practical details ) 243. To throw overboard : to reject
or abandon
The minister has the nuts and bolts of his portfolio.
After failing in the first match, he has thrown
230. Not for nuts : under no
overboard by the team.
circumstances
244. To get one’s back : to take one’s
I will marry her not for nuts.
revenge
231. To put one’s oar in : to
Sumit is afraid lest his friend should get his own
interfere with
back on him.
Don’t put your oar in when two men are talking.
245. At a snail’s pace : very
232. To pull a good oar : to be slowly
efficient oarsmen
He is sick these days and moves at a snail’s pace.
He should pull a good oar.
246. To paddle one’s own canoe
233. To rise to the occasion
: to depend on oneself alone
: to prove oneself able to deal with
He wasted much money to find service but now
an unexpected situation, problem etc.
he is padding his own canoe.
My friend rose to the occasion when I needed his
247. Pain in the neck
help.
: annoying or boring person or thing
234. Odd and even : game of
Your friend is idle; he is actually pain in the neck.
chance
She won one thousand rupees in odd and even. 248. Beyond the pale : beyond the
limits of propriety, courtesy, protection, safety
235. To oil someone’s hand or palm : to
His pleading was beyond the pale.
bribe someone

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
249. To put pen to paper : to 261. To be beaten at the post
begin to write : to lose at the last moment
The press reporter put pen to paper when the Chief India was beaten at the post in hockey against
Guest started speaking. Australia.
250. To break the peace : to cause 262. To pour cold water : to
disturbance discourage
Indisciplined students break the peace in the class. Don’t pour cold water on his plan.
251. To set/put (somebody) on a pedestal 263. To pour oil on the flames :
: to glorify, idealize to make anger more intense, make a quarrel
He sets his teacher on a pedestal. bitterer
252. To peg away (at something) You should not pour oil on the flames.
: to work hard and persistently 264. Printer’s devil
He pegged away at factory last year and earned : the youngest apprentice in a printing
a lot of money. office
253. To pick holes in another’s coat This boy is a printer’s devil.
: to seek out faults in 265. Pudding face : large fat face
him or in his conduct Your grandfather has a pudding face.
Good people don’t pick holes in another’s coat. 266. To huff and puff
254. To be in the picture : : to breathe heavily or rapidly
to be familiar with the matter because one is exhausted
She is in the picture in this crime. He was huffing and puffing when he reached the
255. Pie in the sky : the illusory aspects school running.
of future benefits 267. To pull somebody’s leg
We should not depend on pie in the sky. : to make fun of somebody
256. One’s pigeon : one’s responsibility I have warned him of pulling my leg.
or business 268. To pull no punches
It is not my pigeon to manage money for her : not to soften one’s criticism
marriage. in any way
257. To pipe one’s eye : to weep Ramu pulled no punches and humiliated her.
bitterly 269. To pull one’s punches
He is piping his eye at his father’s death. : to attack less vigorously
258. To pay the piper : than one is able to
to pay the cost of something He pulls his punches even when his enemy attacks
You will have to pay the piper for what you do. him.
259. To be poles apart : 270. Born in purple : born in a
to be widely separated royal family
The government and its employees are poles apart She is born in purple.
on the issue of demands. 271. To push one’s luck
260. To pop the question : : to take ever increasing risks or
to propose marriage chances
He popped the question to her and she accepted Everyone should push his luck.
it.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
272. A sixty-four-dollar question 284. A hard row to the hoe : a difficult
: an/the important question task or assignment
that is very difficult to answer Being a lazy student, he finds study a hard row to
Whether India will sign CTBT is a sixty-four-dollar the hoe.
question. 285. To cut and run : to make a quick or
273. From rags to riches : sudden escape
from extreme poverty to wealth The prisoner cut and ran away quickly.
He has a better taste of life from rags to riches. 286. To run in the same groove :
274. To go off the rails to advance in harmony
: to become disorganized or go out The government and the opposition should run in
of control the same groove for the prosperity of the country.
Her mind has gone off the rails these days. 287. Sadder but wiser
275. A red letter day : an/auspicious : having learnt something important
day from a mistake or failure
The 15th August is a red letter day in the history of His failures have made him sadder but wiser.
India. 288. To scrimp and save
276. To ride for a fall : to take a : to manage to live on very little money
risk He had to scrimp and save to pay off his debts.
I will ride for a fall to swim across the Ganga. 289. A sea of troubles : an
277. To rip open old sores overwhelming mass of troubles
: to resume on old dispute Politics is a sea of troubles.
My neighbour tries to rip open old sores. 290. A word in season
278. To rise and shine : advice at a time when it is likely to be
: to get out of bed and be active useful
The father asked his son to rise and shine. Your advice is a word in season.
279. To rise to one’s feet : to 291. A settled weather : clear,
stand up calm weather
As the commandant ordered, the soldiers rose to They visited my house in a settled weather.
their feet. 292. To keep one’s shirt on : not lose
280. To rule the roost one’s temper
: to be a dominant person in a group Your brother keeps his shirt on even in a critical
Nitish Kumar rules the roost in the JD (U). situation.
281. Under the rose : privately 293. To die in one’s shoes
Their marriage was arranged under the rose. : to die in harness
282. To gather life’s roses Some soldiers died in their shoes at the border.
: to seek the pleasures of life 294. To rub shoulders with
Do something good, stop the habit of gathering : to mingle with
life’s roses in misdeeds. He lives peacefully rubbing his shoulders with
283. A rough diamond others in society.
: a person, who is good natured, 295. To sit on one’s hands
but lacking polished manners, education, etc. : to do nothing
Your elder brother is a rough diamond. You cannot earn your livelihood sitting on your
hands.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
296. A sitting duck 308. At full stretch : to the limit
: a person of thing of one’s ability
that is an easy target to attack She is preparing for the examination at full stretch.
The poor villagers are the sitting ducks for the 309. To keep on a string
terrorists. : to have control or hold over (a
297. Slip through one’s fingers : person) His father keeps on a string over him.
fail to grasp an opportunity 310. On the stroke : at right time
The chance slipped through my fingers. He spoke the truth on the stroke.
298. A snake in the grass : a 311. A stumbling block : an obstacle
secret enemy
I don’t have any stumbling block on the path of
Your friend is a snake in the grass. my progress.
299. Sons of a gun : rogue, rascal 312. Between sun and sun :
Avoid the company of the sons of a gun. from sunrise to sunset
300. Fairly and squarely : honestly He works hard between sun and sun.
The headmaster deals with his staffs fairly and 313. To see the sun : to be born
squarely. She saw the sun in 1992.
301. A narrow squeak : a narrow 314. A month of Sundays :A
escape long period of time
The passengers escaped a narrow squeak in a It passed a month of Sundays and my work
bus accident. remained incomplete.
302. To steal the show : to attract the most attention 315. All and sundry :
and praise (especially unexpectedly)
Everyone without distinction
The film has several actors but the new one has
Grains and clothes were distributed to all and
stolen the show.
sundry.
303. To steer clear of : to stay away
316. To sweep the board : To win
from
all the prizes
The doctor advised him to steer clear of
Being a shrewd gambler he swept the board.
intoxication.
317. To go with a swing : To have a
304. A stick- in- the -mud : a person who
strong rhythm
resists change
The singer went with a swing in the party last
Your grandfather is a stick-in-the-mud.
night.
305. A storm in a tea cup :
318. Swings and roundabouts
much ado about nothing
: A matter of balancing profits against
The nuisance was a storm in a tea cup. losses
306. A cock and bull story : The businessman must have swings and
an absurd and improbable story especially one used roundabouts in the business.
as an excuse)
319. At one fell swoop : in a single,
He told me a cock and bull story when I asked deadly action
him the reason for his being late
The robbers snatched the money bag at one fell
307. A yellow streak : cowardice in swoop and fled.
somebody’s character
320. To draw the sword : to begin
He has a yellow streak, so he cannot take any a war
risk in life.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
She has drawn the sword with her in laws against The car came to us at full tilt along the deserted
exploitation. road.
321. To sheathe a sword : to 333. In the nick of time : only just in
stop a fight time
Pakistan should sheathe a sword and make The police saved him from the murderer in the
friendship with India. nick of time.
322. To take (somebody) heed : to be 334. A kick in the teeth : an unpleasant
careful and often unexpected action
Take heed lest you should fail. The wrong decision of the secretary is a kick in
323. To get tanked up : to get the teeth for the employees.
drunk 335. Tooth and nail : with all
Rana got tanked up last night. one’s resources or energy; fiercely)
324. Wear and tear India played tooth and nail but lost the match.
: damage caused by ordinary use 336. To throw in the towel : to
The carpet could not stand up to the wear and admit that one is defeated
tear of continued use. The Congress Party threw in the towel in the Bihar
325. The king of terror : death Assembly elections.
Everybody has to meet the king of terror. 337. To turn the corner :
to pass through a crisis safely
326. Thick and fast
When the doctor’s report came, I knew he had
: rapidly and in great numbers
turned the corner.
The volunteers were coming thick and fast in the
338. To turn one’s back :
flood affected areas.
to flee, to run away with fear
327. To be skating on thin ice
The soldier turned his back from the battlefield.
: to talk about or do something that can
339. To take the veil : to become
cause disagreement, protest or other trouble
a run
You should be tactful in skating on thin ice.
She didn’t marry and took the veil.
328. To cut one’s own throat
340. An iron hand in a velvet glove
: to bring about one’s own
: ruthlessness concealed by soft
ruin
speech or good manners
She cut her own throat quarrelling with her
husband. Amrita treats her employees with an iron hand in
a velvet glove.
329. To be in the throes of : struggling
341. A bird’s- eye- view
with the task of
: (of something) general view from a
The army was in the throes of reorganization.
high position looking down
330. To go with the tides :
The Prime Minister had a bird’s eye: view of the
work according to circumstances
flood situation in Bihar from a helicopter.
The people, who go with the tides never, suffer
342. To warm the cockles (of somebody’s heart)
loss.
: to make somebody feel
331. To tie the knot: to marry
pleased or happy
She will tie the knot next year.
I warmed the cockles of her heart by informing
332. Full tilt : with full speed or her of her husband’s arrival.
force 343. To muddy the waters : to
make a situation confused and unclear

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
The magistrate has muddied the waters in our case. 353. Lower your sights: reduce one’s goals or
344. Weal and woe : aspirations Once he got the job I had applied for, I
prosperity and adversity had to lower my sights.
My father has an experience of weal and woe. 354. Move the goalposts : To change
345. To pull one’s weight the rules in a situation in a way that is not fair,
usually in order to make it more difficult for
: to contribute one’s rightful share of work
someone to achieve something
to a project or job
My teacher is never satisfied. Whenever I think I
I will pull my weight honestly.
have done what he wants, he moves the goalposts.
346. Wet behind the ears :
355. Fly on the wall : Someone who
immature or inexperienced
observes a situation without being noticed
Sarita is too wet behind the ears to be called an
In the purest form of fly on the wall documentary
expert player.
making, the camera crew is as unintrusive as
347. A wet blanket possible.
: a person who 356. Red herring : False information
spoils other people’s pleasures because he is intended to throw your opponent off
gloomy dull, pessimistic, etc.
The speculation that the two murdered women
I don’t like to go with him to the cinema because had something to do with one another turned out
he is a wet blanket. to be red herring.
348. A wild cat strike : illegal 357. Pay through the nose : To
strike pay a high price
The union has called a wild cat strike. One has to pay through one’s nose for pursuing
349. To raise the wind higher studies these days.
: to raise the money when hard pressed 358. Against the grain : Against the natural
The storm has destroyed her house completely, order of things
so she is raising the wind. The planning of wood in the wrong direction causes
350. To see a wolf : to get frightened the grain to tear rather than lie smoothly
When the truant met his teacher, he saw a wolf. 359. Bet on the wrong horse :
351. Neck of the woods : area, Misjudge a coming event, not chose the winning
neighbourhood person or solution
The social workers are doing good in the neck of He bet on the wrong horse in the election.
the woods. 360. Tight Fisted : Very frugal; who is
352. Keeping up with the Joneses : unwilling to spend money unnecessarily
Trying to match the life style of one’s more affluent Mr. Sonu is too tight fisted to give donations for
neighbours the internet club of our locality.
Their buying a new SUV is just another attempt
to keep up with the joneses.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary

12. THE SAME WORD USED AS DIFFERENT

PARTS OF SPEECH
He would not lie - he is above that
She is abvoe deceit.
Adv: (c) upstream from a place.
(a) a little more or less than; a little before of after; Look at the waterfall above the bridge.
approximately.
I drove for about ten kilometres.
He is about the same age as you. Adj:
(b) nearly (a) not persent at sth; at another place.
I am about ready. He was absent form school yesterday.
(c) here and there all around. Do you remember your absent friends.
Many people were sitting about on the grass. (b) not existing; lacking.
His books are lying about on the floor. Love was totally absent from his childhood.
(d) moving around. Happiness is absent in the family.
There was nobody about. V: not be present at something; stay away from some-
He will soon be about again. thing.
(e) somewhere near; not far off. She deliberately absented herself from the meet-
She is somewhere about. ing.
(f) facing around.
It is the wrong way about.
N:
Put the car about.
(a) deed: thing done.
Prep:
It is an act of kindness to help the poor.
(a) here and there in a place in many directions.
(b) any of the main divisions of a play.
He was walking about the village.
It is a play in five acts.
I shall travel about the world.
The hero dies in Act 4. Scene 3.
(b) (indicating positin, etc) at points throughout; here
(c) law or decree made by a legislative body.
and there.
Parliament has passed an act which makes such
Papers are strewn about in the room.
sports illegal.
(c) not far off from: near to a place,
(d) way of behaving which is not genuine, but which
I dropped my purse somewhere about here. is adopted for the effect it will have on others;
(d) in connection with; concerning or regarding: on pretence.
the subject of somebody/something. Don't take her seriously – it is all an act.
This is a book about flowers. She is just putting on an act.
He is careless about his personal appearance. (a) do something; perform actions;
You acted wisely by ignoring such unsound ad-
vice.
Prep:
The time for talking is past; we must act at once.
(a) beyond the reach of because too good, great, and
(b) do what is expected of one as a professional or an
so on.
official person.
She is above suspicion.
The police refused to act without more evidence.
(b) too good, etc, for sth.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
(c) perform a part in a play or film. 10th to the 4th August.
She acts well. (h) (of prices, costs, etc) rise.
Have you ever acted? Property values continue to advance rapidly.

Adj: Adj:
(a) going before others. attentive and quick to think or act.
He was a member of the advance party. He is alert to possible dangers.
(b) done or provided in advance. Although he is over ninety, his mind is still remark-
I gave him advance warning of the danger. ably alert.
He made an advance booking for the play. Are you mentally very alter?
N: N:
(a) forward movement. (a) special watchfulness before or during an attack.
The enemy's advance was halted. The troops were placed on full alert.
(b) progress. (b) warning given to prepare for danger or an attack.
This is a book about the continued advance of The police gave the public the alert for suspected
civilisation. dacoits.
(c) money paid before it is due, or for work only par- V:
tially completed; loan, (a) warn to watch for danger and be ready to act.
The bank made him an advance of Rs. 10,000. The police have already been alerted.
She asked for an advance on her salary. (b) make somebody aware of something.
(d) attempts to establish a friendly or an amorous or a You should alert the staff to crisis facing the com-
sexual relationship. pany.
He made advances to her.
V:
(a) come or go forward. N:
The mob advanced towards us shouting angrily. (a) strong feeling of displeasure and hostility.
Our troops have advanced ten kilometres. He spoke in anger about the plight of the poor.
(b) make progress. He was filled with anger at the way he had been
tricked.
Try to advance in your career.
I slapped her in a moment of anger.
(c) move or put somebody/something forward.
V:
The general advanced his troops at night.
fill somebody with anger; make angry.
(d) help the progress of something.
Your rude behaviour angered her.
Such conduct is unlikely to advance your inter-
ests.
(e) make or present (a claim, suggestion, etc)
N: dress; clothes.
Scientists have advanced a new theory to explain
He was wearing costly attire.
this phenomenon.
V: dress somebody.
(f) pay money before it is due to be paid, lend money.
The child was attired in white clothes.
He asked his employer to advance him a month's
salary.
The bank advanced him ten thousand rupees.
N:
(g) bring an event to an earlier date.
tool with a handle and a heavy metal bland used
The date of the meeting was advanced from the

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
for chopping wood, cutting down trees, etc. (b) store (of valuable information, things, etc.)
He cut down two trees with an axe. He has built up a bank of useful addresses, refer-
Note: Get the axe is an idiom. It means be dis- ences, information, and so on.
missed or remvoed form a job, (c) ground near a river.
Example: Several of our workers got the axe yes- The Taj is situated on the bank of the Yamuna.
terday. V:
V: (a) base one's hopes on somebody/something.
(a) remove somebody/something or dismiss somebody. I am banking on your help.
He has been axed. He was banking on the train being on time.
Her job has been axed. (b) have an account at a particular bank.
(b) greatly reduce (costs, service, etc) Where do you bank?
School grants will be axed next month.

N:
N: foolish talk.
hair growing on the chin and the lower cheeks of
Nobody likes your babble. a man's face.
V: Who is the man with the beard?
(a) talk in a way that is difficult or impossible to un-
He has grown a beard.
derstand.
V:
Stop babbling and speak more slowly.
oppose bravely, defy somebody/something openly.
(b) chatter in a thoughtless or confused way.
What are you babbling about? Can you beard a tiger?
Can you beard your employer?

N:
(a) fussy, unattractive or bad-tempered woman. Adj:
She is an awful old bag. (a) of the most excellent, desirable, suitable, etc, kind.
(b) container made of flexible material. She is my best friend.
He has bought a bag. That was the best dinner I have ever had.
(c) all the birds, animals, etc, shot or caught. It is best to go by bus.
We got a good bag today. Note: The term best man means male friend or
V: relative of a bridegroom who supports him at
(a) put into a bag. his wedding.
They have bagged up wheat. Example: He acted as my best man.
(b) kill or catch something. Adv:
They bagged four birds. (a) in the most excellent manner.
(c) take something without permission but without in- I work best in the mornings.
tending to steal. Do as you think best.
Who has bagged my pen? She is the person best able to cope with the task.
(d) sag or hang loosely, looking like a cloth bag. (b) most, to the greatest degree.
He was wearing trousers that bag at the knee. I enjoyed her first novel best.
He is the best-known politician.
N:
N:
(a) establishment for keeping money, valuables, etc. (a) that which is best; the outstanding thing or
personamong several.
I have no money in the bank.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
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She wants the best of everything. (c) obliged by duty or law to do something.
He was acting from the best of motives. I am bound to say that I disagree with you on this
We are the best of friends. point.
(b) most important advantage or aspect of something. N: bounding movement; leap.
The best we can hope for is that nobody gets killed. The dog cleared the ate in one bound.
That is the best of having a car. V:
V: (a) form the boundary of something; limit.
(Colloquial) defeat somebody; outwit. India is bounded on the east by Bangladesh and
I bested him at chess. Myanmar.
Can you best him in a debate? (b) jump or spring; run with jumping movements.
He bounded into the room and announced that he
was getting married.
Adj:
(a) unable to see.
Adj:
He is blind man.
courageous; having no fear, ready to face and en-
(b) unable or unwilling to understand or notice some-
dure danger, pain or suffering.
thing, unaware of something.
You are a brave man.
She is completely blind to your faults.
It was brave of her to go into the burning building.
(c) without reason or judgement.
He was very brave about his operation.
People have blind faith in your leadership.
V:
(d) concealed; hidden.
endure or face something/somebody without show-
Adv: without being able to see; with the aid of in-
ing fear.
struments only.
I always brave my critics.
You should not fly blind.
Can you brave dangers?
N:
We decided to brave the bad weather.
(a) thing or person used in order to deceive or mis-
lead. Note: The term, brave, is a noun. It means brave
people. It takes a plural verb.
His job as a diplomat is a blind for his spying.
Example: Do you honour the brave?
(b) screen for a window.
Tell the sevant to raise the blinds.
V: Adj:
(a) make somebody temporarily or permanently blind. (a) short; lasting only for a short time.
Two soldiers were blinded in the explosion. I had a brief conversation with her last evening.
(b) deprive somebody of reason, judgement or good His life was brief.
sense.
(b) concise; using few words.
Her passionate love for him blinded her to his faults.
Give me a brief account of the accident.
Please be brief.
Adj: Note: The experssion, in brief is an idiom. It de-
notes in a few words.
(a) going or ready to go in the direction of.
Example: In brief, your work is bad.
I am bound for home.
N:
This train is bound for Bombay.
(a) summary of the facts of a legal case prepared for
(b) certain to do something.
a lawyer.
The weather is bound to get better tomorrow.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Let me have a look at the brief of the case. After the storm, came a calm.
(b) case given to a lawyer. V: cause somebody to become calm.
Will you accept this brief? Just calm down a bit.
(c) Instructions and information relating to a particu- Have a cup of coffee it will help to calm you down.
lar situation.
It is not part of my brief to train new employees.
V:
(a) give a brief to somebody. N: prudence; being careful to avoid danger or mis-
The company has briefed a top lawyer to define takes.
it. Proceed with caution.
(b) give somebody detailed information or isturction You should exercise exterme caution when driv-
in advance about something. ing in fog.
The Prime Minister was fully briefed before the V:
meeting. (a) warn somebody to be careful.
We were cautioned not to drive too fast.
(b) warn or advise somebody against something.
N: I cautioned him against undue optimism.
(a) road by which traffic can go round a town, busy,
area, etc, instead of through it.
If we take the bypass, we shall avoid the con- N:
gested areas. (a) attractiveness; power of pleasing, fascinating or
(b) alternative passage for blood to circulate through attracting people.
during a surgical operation, especially on the heart. She is a young woman of termendous charm.
He underwent a bypass surgery. V:
V: (a) delight; please, fascinate or attract somebody.
(a) ignor (a rule, procedure, etc) or fail to consult some- She charms everyone she meets.
body in order to act quickly.
I was greatly charmed by her vivacity, stunning
He bypassed his colleagues on the board and went beauty and high spirits.
ahead with the deal.
(b) influence or protect somebody/something by or as
(b) go around or avoid something, using a bypass. if by magic.
We managed to bypass the shopping centre by tak- He has a charmed life.
ing side-streets.
(c) provide (a town, etc) with a bypass.
This is a plan to bypass the town centre. Adj:
(a) near in space or time.
The temple is close to the college.
Adj:
(b) near in relationship.
(a) not windy.
He is a close relative of mine.
It is a calm cloudless day.
(c) intimate; dear.
(b) quiet, untroubled; not excited, nervous or agitated.
She is a close friend of mine.
It must be borne in mind that is is bery important
(d) carful; thorough.
to keep calm in an emergency.
Pay close attention to what your parents say.
The city is calm again after yesterday's riots.
(e) humid.
N: calm condition or period.
It is very close today.
People welcome the calm of a summer evening.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
(f) reticent; secretive. She gave me a cross look.
He is close about his girlfriend. What are you so cross about?
(g) mean; stingy. I was cross with her for behaving rudely.
He is very close with his money. (b) (of winds) opposed; contray.
(h) near to the surface; very short. Strong cross winds make it difficult for the boats
A new razor gives a close shave. to leave the harbour.
Adv: leaving little space between; in a close posi- N:
tion. (a) mark made by drawing one line across another.
They live quite close. The place is marked on the map with a cross.
She stood close against the wall. (b) mixture of two different things.
Note: The expession, close on is an idiom. It This play is a cross between farce and tragedy.
means almost; nearly. (c) source of sorrow, worry, etc; problem.
Example: She is close on twenty. There is no gainsaying the fact that we all have
N: end of a period of time or an activity. our crosses to bear.
He arrived here at the close of the day. V:
V: (a) go across; pass or extend from one side to the
(a) shut. other side of something.
Close the door. The river is too deep; we cannot cross it.
(b) move so as to cover an opening. Let us cross the road.
The lid of this box does not close properly. Electricity cables cross the valley.
(c) be or declare something to be not open. (b) meet and pass each other on the way.
The shops close at 7.30 p.m. We crossed each other on the way.
Our letters crossed in the post.
(c) obstruct, oppose, thwart.
He does not like to be crossed.
N: confidence trick; instance of cheating somebody. She crosses me in everything.
This so-called bargain is just a con. He was crossed in love.
He is a real con merchant.
V: swindle or persuade somebody after gaining his
trust. N:
You cannot con me – you are not really ill. (a) large number of people gathered together in the
He was conned into buying a dilapidated house. open.
She conned me out of thousand rupees. A crowd had already collected outside the em-
bassy gates.
(b) audience; mass of spectators.
N: fully-grown female of any animal of the ox family. The match attracted a large crowd.
He has a cow. (c) group; company.
V: make somebody do as one wants by frightening I don't associate with that crowd.
him; intimidate somebody. V:
The men were cowed total submission. (a) gather closely around somebody.
He was wearing a cowed look. People crowded round to get a better view.
Pupils crowded round their teacher to ask ques-
tions.
Adj: (b) harass; Put pressure on somebody.
(a) angry; bad-tempered. Don't crowd me; give me time to think.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
(d) control; manage somebody/something.
Pushpa directed the planning of the festival.
Adj: He directed the film.
(a) loved by somebody; greatly valued. (e) turn or aim something in a particular direction.
You are my dear friend. He directed my attention to what she was doing.
He lost everything that was dear to him. (f) command; order.
(b) expensive. The officer directed the soldiers to advance.
He was wearing a dear dress.
Clothes are getting dearer.
That shop is too dear for me. N:
Adv: at a high cost. (a) person who has been trained in medical science.
If you want to make money, buy cheap and sell As he fell ill, we had to call the doctor.
dear. (b) person who has received the highest university de-
N: lovable person. gree.
How are you, dear? He is a doctor of Philosophy.
Now, my dears, come with me. V:
Thank you, you are a dear. (a) give medical treatment for something or to some-
Be a dear and give me that book. body.
He was doctored by a famous physician.
(b) add something harmful to (food or drink)
Adj: They doctored her fruit juice with posion, and she
(a) going straight. died,
Are there any direct flights to Kolkata? (c) change something in order to deceive.
He had gone direct to the lounge. He doctored the evidence.
(b) frank; straightforward. The report about the accident has been doctored.
I have a direct way of speaking.
(c) exact; complete.
Your reply today is in direct contradiciton to that
you said last week. N: common domestic animal that is often kept as a
Adv: pet or used to guard or hunt things.
(a) using a straight route; without interrupting a jour- I have a dog.
ney. V:
The train goes to Madras direct. (a) follow somebody closely and persistently.
(b) Personally; with no one in between. She has been dogging me all day.
I perfer to deal with her direct. The police dogged the suspected dacoit.
V: (b) keep affecting.
(a) tell or show somebody how to get somewhere. Bad luck has dogeed me all the year.
Direct her to the airport. Her career was dogged by misfortune.
(b) address (a letter, etc.) The project has been dogged by a number of tech-
Direct the letter to his home address. nical problems.
(c) intend that a particular person or group should no-
tice.
Adj: defective, worthless.
Let me direct these remarks to postgraduate stu-
dents. These are dud light bulbs.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
This is dud battery. attention, etc)
I gave her a dud cheque for ten thousand rupees. The police employed force to open the door.
N: Person or thing that fails to work properly. Employ your spare time better.
The new general manager is a complete dud. He was busily employed in washing his clothes.
The new system is a dud.
These light bulbs are duds.
This battery is a dud. Adj:
(a) precise; correct in every detail.
She is in her mid-twenties; well, twenty-four to be
Adj: exact.
(a) not bright or clear: What were his exact words?
It is a dull colour. (b) capable of being precise and accurate.
He is dull of hearing. He is a very exact person.
(This sentence is equivalent to He is slightly deaf.) V:
(b) slow in understanding; stupid (a) demand and enforce the payment of something.
He is a dull pupil. The kidnappers exacted a ransom of ten lakh ru-
Do you have a dull mind? pees from the family.
(c) lacking interest or excitement; boring; monotonous. (b) insist on and obtain sth.
The conference was deadly dull. He exacts obedience from his staff.
I thought the book dull and unoriginal. (c) require; make something necessary.
It iwll be so dull here without her. Her work exacts great care and attention to de-
tail.
(d) not sharp.
It is a dull knife.
(e) (of trade) slow: not busy. N:
There is always a dull period after January sales. (a) organ of sight.
(g) (of feelings) not intense. I have two eyes.
I stared at her in dull discomfort. He is blind in one eye.
V: make or become dull. (b) observation; power of seeing.
Watching television dulls one's wits. I have sharp eyes.
She took medicine to dull the pain. His eyes fell upon an advertisment in a newspa-
Time had dulled the edge of his grief. per.
V:
(a) observe or watch somebody/domething in the
specified way.
N: Service or employment. She eyed me with suspicion.
She has been in my employ for a span of a little (b) look at something with longing.
over two years.
The children were eyeing the sweets.
He left my employ after an argument.
V:
(a) give work to somebody for payment. N:
I employed her to look after the baby. (a) front part of the head.
He has not been employed for four months now. Go and wash your face.
(b) make use of somebody/something; occupy (time, (b) expression shown on a face.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
She had a face like thunder. The house was in flames.
I am a good judge of faces. (b) person with whom one was once in love; sweet-
V: heart or lover.
(a) be opposite to; have or turn the face towards some- She is an old flame of mine.
body/something. V:
The window faces the street. (a) burn with a bright flame.
The picture faces page 10. Wax flames quikly.
Turn round and face me. (b) glow or shine like flames.
(b) meet somebody/something confidently or defiantly. He has flaming red hair.
He turned to face his attackers. Her face flamed with anger.
(c) confront, require the attention of somebody/some-
thing.
Many problems face the government. N:
(a) wild animal of the dog family.
The fox is known for its cleverness and cunning.
N: (b) person who is clever and able to get what he wants
(a) rapid; moving quickly. by deceiving or manipulating.
He is a fast runner. He is a sly old fox.
(b) happening quickly. V:
It was a fast trip. (a) be too difficult for somebody to understand; baffle
(c) (of a watch or clock) showing a time later than or confuse.
the true time. He was completely foxed by her behaviour.
This clock is ten minutes fast. (b) discolour (the pages of a book) with brown marks.
(d) reckless, spending too much time and energy on This volume is foxed on the flyleaf.
pleasure and excitement.
She leads a fast life.
(e) Close; loyal; very intimate. N:
She is fast friend of mine. (a) fear or anxiety.
Adv: He was in a fink about changing jobs,
(a) quickly (b) coward.
I can run fast. Are you a funk?
Night was fast approaching. V: avoid something or doing something because of
(b) firmly; tightly; securely. fear.
He was fast asleep. He funked telling his wife that he had lost his job.
V: go without (certain kinds of) food, especially for
religious reasons.
N: continuous trivial chatter.
She fasts on Tuesdays.
Stop your gab.
You should fast once a weak.
V: chatter about unimportant things.
N: period of going without food.
She has been gabbing on the phone for about an
He was on a fast of three days.
hour.

N:
(a) Portion of burning gas; visible part of fire.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
(b) that which is morally right or acceptable.
Communism claimed to be a force for good (of
N: fast unintelligible speech. mankind)?
Nobody like your gabble.
V: talk quickly and indistinctly.
Take your time and don't gabble. N:
(a) fool; silly or stupid person.
Are you a goof?
N: (b) stupid error.
(a) hot-tasting spicy root used as a flavouring agent. Sorry, that was a bit of a goof on my part.
(b) energy; spirit; liveliness. V: make a mess of; fail to do something properly.
Our footaball team needs a bit more ginger in it. She had a great chance, but she goofed again.
Adj:
(a) flavoured with ginger.
Give me a ginger cake. N:
V: make somebody/something more vigorous or lively. (a) place where one lives with one's family.
Let us have some dancing to ginger up the party. The doctor visits patients in their homes.
The Prime Minister appointed some new minis- (b) place from which something originates.
ters to ginger up his adminstration. Greece is the home of democracy.
Adj:
(a) of or connected with one's home.
V: cause somebody to receive, hold, have or own I have a happy home life.
something.
He enjoys home comforts.
This rope has too much give in it.
(b) domestic; in one's own country.
Don't worry if the shoes seem a bit tight a first,
Do your best for the good of the home industries.
the leather has plenty of given in it.
Adv:
(a) at, in or to one's home or country.
Adj: He has gone home.
(a) of high quality. She is on her way home.
Her English is very good. Is he home yet?
(b) thorough; complete; round. Will the Indian authorities send him home for trial?
I gave him a good beating.
(c) suitable; appropriate.
N: man to whom a woman is married.
She is good for the job.
What is your husband?
(d) valid for.
He will make someone a very good husband.
This ticket is good for five months.
V: try to save; use something sparingly and economi-
(e) not less than; rather more than.
cally.
I waited for her for a good hour.
You should husband your resources.
It is a good two kilometres to the station.
Do you husband your salary?
N:
(a) that which gives benefit, advantage, etc.
Work hard for the good of the country. N:
It is for your good. (a) importance or significance.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
It is a matter of great import.
(b) meaning of something; when not directly stated.
What is the hidden import of his speech? N:
(c) imported goods, services, and so on. (a) metal instrument to move the bolt of a lock, or to
lock or unlock something.
Huge import of foodgrains was a heavy drain on
foreign exchange reserves. Turn the key clockwise to open the lock.
V: (b) general tone or style to something.
(a) mean or convey something to somebody. His speech was all in the same key.
What did these developments import to you? (c) a set of answers to exercise or problems.
(b) bring goods, ideas, etc from a foreign country into This is a book of Hindi tests, complete with key.
one's own country. (d) thing that provides access, control or understand-
These cars have been imported from Japan. ing.
Diet and exercise are the key to good health.
The key to the whole affair was her jealousy.
N: Adj: very imprortant or essential.
(a) making of secret plans to do something bad; con- She is a key figure in the dispute.
spiracy. He holds a key position in the organisation.
It is a novel of mystery and intrigue. V:
(b) secret arrangement. (a) make something similar to something else.
Tell me something about your amorous intrigues. She keyed her mood to that of the other guests.
V: (b) make something suitable for something else.
(a) make and carry out secret plans or plots to do some- The farm was keyed to the needs of the local
thing bad. people.
Some of the members of the club had been in- (c) make somebody excited, nervous or tense.
triguing to get the secretary dismissed. The manager warned us not to get too keyed be-
(b) arouse somebody's curiosity or interest. fore the match.
What you say intrigues me; tell me more.
I intrigued her with an exciting story.
N:
(a) Chil or young person.
N: sudden rough blow or thrust. How are your wife and kids?
He gave me a jab in the arm. Half the kids round her are unemployed.
V: poke or push at somebody/something roughly. (b) younger.
She jabbed me in the ribs with her elbow. Where is your kid brother?
(c) young goat.
He has bought two kids.
N: bad luck, curse.
V: deceive somebody, especially playfully; tease.
Someone has put a jinx on this car; it is always
Don't kid her.
giving me trouble.
Don't kid yourself–it won't be easy.
V: bring bad luck to somebody/something.
He has been jinxed.
I think this computer must be jinxed–it is always N: Sleep
breadking down.
Did you you have some kip night?
V: lie down to sleep.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
I shall kip here to night. Adv:
He kipped out in a field. (a) after all others.
She kipped down on the floor. He came last in the race.
This country ranks last in industrial output.
(b) most recently; on the occasion before the present
V: time.
(a) go too slow; fail to keep space with others. I last saw him in Pairs four years ago.
The small boy soon became tired and lagged far V:
behind the rest of the walkers. (a) endure; continue for a period of time.
Prices are rising sharply, while incomes are lag- The war lasted two weeks.
ging far behind.
He will not last long in that job—it is too tough.
(b) period of time separating two events, especially
How long do you think this fine weather will last?
an action and its effect, delay.
(b) be adequate or enough.
There was a log of several seconds between the
lightning and the thunder. We have enough food to last four days.
There will be a one-year lag between the time I (c) be strong enough to survive or endure something.
write this book and its publication. He is very ill and probably will not last the night.

Adj: N: series of names, items, figures, etc, written or

(a) coming after all others in time or order. printed.
December is the last month of the year. Make a list of things you must do.
They were the last two persons to arrive. V:
(b) latest; most recent. (a) make a list of
I called on her on Friday last. List your engagements for the week.
I thought that your last book was one of your best. (b) Put things on a list.
(c) final; only remaining. The books are listed alphabetically.
This is our last cup of tea.
(d) least likely or suitable.
Adj:
She is the last person to trust with a secret.
(a) having a great extent in space.
I shall not marry you if you were the last person
How long is the River Yamuna?
on earth.
It is a long way to her house.
N: person or thing that is last or mentioned last.
(b) having a great duration or extent in time.
These are the last of our apples.
He has been ill for a long time.
I invited Anil, Sunil and Anita–the last being Anil's
sister. Our holidays are three weeks long.
Note: (c) seeming to be longer than it really is.
(a) Last can be used either in the singular or in the I spent six long years in New York.
plural. Adv: for a long time.
(b) The expression, to or till the last, is an idiom. It Were you in Kolkata long?
denotes consistently, until the last possible moment. Stay (here) as long as you like.
Example: She died protesting her innocence to (b) throughout a specified time.
the last. He worked all day long.
I have waited for this moment my whole life long.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
V: want something very much; have an intense de-
sire for something.
I am longing to see her again.
She longed for him to ask her to dance. Adj: nothing more than; no better or more than.
She is a mere child.
He is not a mere boxer, he is a world champion.
N: Mere words won't help.
(a) strong sexual desire. N: pond; small lake.
Curb your lust. There is a mere in this village.
He gratified his lusts.
(b) intense desire for something or enjoyment of some-
thing. N:
He has a lust for power. (a) quality of deserving praise or reward; excellence;
Do we have a lust for fame and glory? worth.
I have no lust for money. He is a man of merit.
The general was filled with the lust of battle. There is not much merit in this plan.
V: feel a strong desire for somebody/something. It is a work of high literary merit.
Don't lust after ugly women. (b) fact, action, quality, etc, that deserves praise or
He lusted for revenge. reward.
We judged her on her merits.
The merits of the project are quite obvious.
N: V: deserve; be worthy of something.
(a) adult male human being. His suggestion merits consideration.
These are clothes for men. This experiment merits closer examination.
Are you a good man? It was not important enough to merit a special dis-
(b) person; human being of either sex. cussion.
All men must die.
(c) mankind; the human race.
N:
Man is mortal.
(a) large disorderly crowd.
(d) husband, male lover, boyfriend, and so on.
The fans rushed onto the pitch in an excited mob.
She wanted to bring her man to the party.
The police faced a mob throwing bricks and petrol
Her man has been sent abroad by his employers.
bombs.
(e) male person under the authority of somebody else.
(b) gang of criminals.
The manager gave the men (i.e., the workers) their
Whose mob are you with?
instructions.
V: crowd round somebody noisily in great numbers,
(f) valet; manservant.
either to attack or admire.
My man will drive you home.
The actor was mobbed by teenagers.
(g) male person with the qualities of courage, tough-
Pop stars are always moaning about being mobbed
ness, etc, often as so Be a man.
by their fans.
They acquitted themselves like men.
V: supply something for sevice or to operate some-
thing. N: the celestial body that moves round the earth once
They manned the telephones all through the night. every twenty-eight days and shines at night by light
I don't know how to man this machine. reflected from the sun.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Can you explore the surface of the moon? This copy is nearer the original than the others I
I have seen television pictures of a man walking have seen.
on the moon We don't have that colour in stock – this is the
V: wander about aimlessly or listlessly. nearest.
She spent the whole summer mooning about at Adv:
home. (a) at a short distance form time or space.
Stop mooning and get on with some work. Please come near and listen to me.
Her wedding day is drawing near.
(b) similar to.
V: Most views were fairly near the truth.
(a) give a name to somebody/something. (c) at a short distance away.
They named their child Sundari Devi. Are you all sitting near enough the screen?
(b) identify; give the name of somebody/something. We found a few shops quite near.
He can name all the plants in this garden. Prep:
(c) specify; state something precisely; mention. With only a short distance or time between.
We have named a date for the meeting. Faridabad is near Delhi.
(d) nominate somebody for, or appoint somebody to, a Don't sit near the door.
position.
His birthday is very near Diwali.
He has been named as the new director.
V: approach; come close to somebody/something in
N: space or time.
(a) word or words by which a person, place, thing or Our examination is nearing.
an animal is known and sopken to or of. Ram,
The day is nearing when we will have to decide.
Patna, Delhi etc.
(b) reputation; fame.
Ramesh Publishing House has a name for hon- Adj:
esty and relibility.
(a) gone by in time.
(c) famous person.
The time for discussion is past.
Mahatma Gandhi is a name in history.
(b) just ended or finished; gone by recently.
The past month has been a difficult one for him.
V: talk informally and aimlessly (Usually to oneself) I have seen little of her in the past few weeks.
He nattered about his work. (c) belonging to an earlier time.
N: informal conversation. Past and present students of the college were in-
vited.
They had a quick natter.
N:
(a) time that has gne by.
Adj: I have been there many times in the past.
(a) within a short distance or time form somebody/ (b) a peron's past life or career, specially one that is
something; not far. His flat is very near (from this discreditable.
place). I know nothing of her past.
I hope to buy a new car in the near future. Prep:
(b) closely related. (a) Later than something; after.
He is a near relation of mine. It was past midnight when we got home.
(c) similar. It is ten minutes past six.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
(b) older than. I presented my new lady secretary to the Chief
He is an old man past seventy. Minister.
She is past her thirties. (c) offer something for consideration.
(c) from one side to the other side of something/some- He presented his designs for the approval of the
body; on the far side of. committee.
She hurried past me without stopping. (d) offer something.
He walked past the stop. I presented my Diwali greetings to her.
(d) beyond the age of. (e) appear or attend.
She is log past retiement age. You will be asked to persent yourself for inter-
He is past playing with dolls. view.
(f) reveal or show something to somebody.
This job presents many difficulties to the new re-
cruit.
V: write (a letter, etc) (g) offer a bill, cheque, and so on, in order to be paid.
She penned me a long letter a few days ago. The cheque was presented for payment yester-
day.
I shall pen you a letter within ten days.
N:
(a) instrument for writing with ink. Adj:
I have a pen. (a) most important; chief; fundamental.
(b) writing, especially as a profession. Her prime motive was personal ambition.
I live by my pen. The prime cause of the trouble was bad manage-
(c) small piece of land surrounded by a fence for keep- ment.
ing cattle, sheep, poulty, etc, in. It is of prime importance.
(d) bomb-proof shelter for submarines. (b) excellent; of the best quality.
Submairnes need a pen to escape getting bombed. This is a prime site for development.
(c) having all the expected or typical qualities.
That is a prime example of what I was telling about.
Adj:
N:
(a) being in the place in question.
(a) state or time of greatest beauty, strength, vigour,
Thousands of people were present at the meeting.
etc.
(b) existing or happening now.
When is a man in his prime.
What are your present problems?
(b) the best part; state of highest perfection.
N:
She is in the prime of youth.
(a) the persent time; the time now passing.
V:
Historical romances offer an escape form the
(a) supply somebody with facts or information in ad-
present.
vance, sometimes dishonestly, so that he can deal
(b) things given or received as a gift. with a situation.
This book was a persent from my brother. The witness has been primed about what to say.
V: (b) give somebody plenty of food, etc, in preparation
(a) give or hand over something to somebody. for something.
I presented her with a saree and a blouse on the We were well primed for the journey with a large
happy occasion of her seventeenth birthday. breakfast.
(b) introduce somebody formally to sombody of higher
rank, status, etc.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
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He is sitting right beside you.
(b) all the way; completely.
Adj: Go right to the end of the road.
(a) moving fast or doing something in a short time. The apple was rotten right through.
Are you quick to learn? He fell right to the bottom of the stairs.
The thief got away—he was too quick for me. (c) correctly; properly; satisfactorily.
(b) done in a short time. Nothing seems to be going right for me at the mo-
Go and have a quick meal. ment.
He has a quick eye for imperfections. Have you guessed right or wrong?
His quick wits saved the boy's life. (d) immediately.
(d) sensitive; easily roused. I must answer that phone, but I shall be right back.
She is always very quick to take offence. (e) to the right side.
Be careful not to annoy him—he has got a quick Turn right at the end of the street.
temper. N:
(e) intelligent; competent. (a) what is good, just, honourable, and so on.
He is not as quick as his sister. Do you know the difference between right and
His spellings are poor but he is very quick at fig- wrong?
ures. (b) proper claim to something; or authority to do some-
Adv: quickly. thing.
Come as quick as you can. You have no right to do this.
Everyone is trying to get rich quick now-a-days. (c) thing one may do or have by law.
I don't know who ran quickest. Everyone has a right to a fair trial.
N: soft slender flesh, especially below the finger-nails. (d) right-hand side or direction.
He has bitten his nails to the quick. Go ahead and take the first turning on the right.
V:
(a) return itsefl/something to proper, correct or upright
N: rubbish; waste or worthless material. position.
Throw away the kitchen refuse. I managed to right the car after is skidded.
That is a dump for refuse. The ship righted itself after the big wave and
V: say or show that one is unwilling to give, accept, passed.
grant, or do something. (b) correct itself/something.
She refused his proposal of marriage. The fault will right itself if you give it time.
He refused to help me. Can you right a wrong?

N: type of gun with a long barrel. N:

I have two rifles. (a) common white substance obtained from mines,
V: search and rob something. present in sea water. used for flavouring and pre-
The safe had been rifled and many documents serving food.
taken. Give me a grain of salt.
(b) thing that makes something more interesting, lively,
and so forth.
Adv: Her humour added salt to her conversation.
(a) exactly; directly. V: to pout salt on or in food to season it.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
Have you salted the vegetable? (e) make something unnesessary; make it unneces-
Adj: containing, tasting of or preserved with salt. sary for somebody to use something, spend some-
Do you need salt water? thing, etc.
Order the goods by phone and save yourself a jour-
ney.
N: That will save us a lot of trouble.
(a) vigour or energy. The gift of money saved our having to borrow from
She is full of sap and ready to start. the bank. Walking to office saves me spending
money on bus fares.
(b) stupid person.
N: (in football, etc) act of preventing a goal from be-
Are you a sap?
ing scored.
(c) liquid in a plant that carries food to all its parts.
The goalkeeper made a brilliant save.
The sap rises in trees in spring time.
PreP: excePt.
(d) tunnel or covered trench dug to get nearer to the
enemy. I know nothing about her save that her surname is
Gupta.
V:
All save him called on me.
(a) gradually weaken somebody/something by taking
away strength. vitality. etc. No visitors are allowed save in the most excep-
tional cases.
He was sapped by illness.
The curtained stage was empty save for a few
She has been sapped of her optimism.
pieces of furniture.
(b) gradually take away somebody's strength, vitality,
etc.
Stop sapping his confidence. N:
The constant tension at work was sapping my en- (a) proverb; adage; saying; aphorism, maxim.
ergy.
Remebmer the old saw, More haste, less speed.
Lack of planning is sapping the company's effi-
(b) cutting tool that has a long blade with a sharp-
ciency.
toothed edge, worked by hand by pushing it back-
wards and forwards or mechanically, and used for
cutting wood, metal, etc.
V:
They are cutting logs with a power saw.
(a) make or keep somebody/something safe (from
V:
harm, loss, etc)
(a) use a saw; cut something with a saw.
I saved her form drowning.
They sawed a log into planks.
She saved my life.
(b) make to and from movement as if with a saw.
(b) not spend; keep (money) for future use.
The child was sawing at his fiddle.
You should; save part of your salary each month.
She was sawing the bread with a blunt knife.
(c) keep something for future use; not use up some-
thing completely. Note: The past tense and the past participle of the
verb, saw, sawed and sawn respectively.
Don't eat all the cake now; save some for tomor-
row.
Save your strength for the hard work you will have
to do later.
N: Power to decided.
(d) avoid wasting something.
He has no say in this matter.
Save on time and money by shopping at the super-
market. I want a say in the management of the business.
People want a much greater say in how the coun-

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
try should be governed. Example: I saw a school of fish in the lake.
V:
(a) tell something to somebody, usually in words.
She said nothing to me about it. N:
I find it hard to say what I feel. (a) largest unit of grammar, usually containing a sub-
ject, a verb, an object, etc, and expressing a state-
(b) pronounce.
ment, question or command.
I asked him to say a short prayer.
(b) punishment given by a lawcourt.
Try to say that line with more conviction.
The magistrate passed sentence on the prisoner.
(c) make (thoughts, feelings, etc) clear to somebody
He has served his sentence, and will now be
by using words, or else by gestures, behaviour, etc.
relased.
This poem does not say much to me.
He has been given a sentence of ten years' rigor-
Her angry glance said everything. ous imprisonment.
He is under sentence of death.
V: state that somebody is to have a certain punish-
N:
ment.
(a) institution for educating children.
The judge sentenced the dacoit to nine years rig-
There is a school for small children here. orous imprisonment.
(b) institution for teaching a particular subject. He has been sentenced to pay a fine of Rs. 850.
Where is the art school?
Let us visit the secretarial school.
(c) process of being educated in a school. Adj:
He hates school. (a) small, not serous or important.
I have two more years of school. He had a slight headache.
Are you still at school? She takes offence at the slightest thing.
He left school when he was sixteen. (b) slender; frail.
(d) time when teaching is done in a school; lessons. She is a slight girl.
I meet friends before school. N: act, remarks, etc, that offend somebody.
School begins at 8.30 a.m. My remark was not meant as a slight on you.
There will be no school tomorrow. She suffered many a slight from her colleagues.
Will you come for a walk after school. V: treat somebody without proper respect or cour-
(e) experince or activity that provides discipline or in- tesy; snub.
struction. She felt slighted because no one spoke to her.
I was trained in the hard school of adversity.
V: train, discipline or control somebody/oneself/ an
animal. Adj:
You should shcool yourself to be patient. (a) in good condition.
My childeren are well-schooled in good manners. Do you have a sound mind?
Note: There is another shcool not related to the He has a very sound health.
school dealt with above. This school means This is a house built on sound foundations.
large number of fish, whales, etc, swimming (b) based on reason, sense, or judgement, dependable.
together, school. She gave me a sound piece of advice.
Ours is a sound business firm.
He advanced a sound arument.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
(c) thorough; full and complete. V:
I gave her a sound thrashing. (a) name or pen letters of a word in their correct or-
(d) accurate and careful; competent. der.
It is a sound piece of writing. How do you spell your name?
He is a sound tennis player. That word is spelt with a PH, not an Fº
(e) (of sleep or a sleeper) deep; peaceful and uninter- We spell her name M-O-H-I-N-I.
rupted. (b) put the letters of words togethr in the correct or
Are you a sound sleeper? accepted order. These children cannot spell.
V: (c) have something as a result; mean.
(a) give a specific impression when heard. The failure of their crops spelt disaster for the peas-
Her voice sound sweet. ant farmers.
Does your voice sound hoarse?
She sounds just the person I need for the secre-
N:
tarial job.
(a) person or thing that is being discussed or described.
Your excuse sounds unconvincing.
It is an intersting subject of conversation.
His explanation sounds reasonable.
(b) branch of knowledge studied in a school, etc.
(b) pronounce something.
English and history are my favourite subjects.
You don't sound the 'h' in hour.
(c) Person or thing that causes a specified feeling or
The 'b' in dumb is not sounded.
action.
N:
His appearance was the subject for some critical
(a) sensation detected by the ear. comment.
Sound travels more slowly than light. (d) word or words in a sentence naming who or what
Can you measure the speed at which sound trav- does or undergoes the action stated by the verb.
els? (e) any member of a State apart from the supreme
(b) thing that can be heard. ruler.
I heard a strange sound outside. I am an Indian by birth and an American subject
He crept upstairs without a sound. by marriage.
V:
(a) cause somebody/something to experience or un-
(a) great attration, fascination, etc, caused by a per- dergo something.
son or thing; strong influence. We subjected him to ridicule.
I am not under the spell of her stunning beauty. He was repeatedly subjected to torture.
(b) charm; words which spoken one thought to have Were you subjected to bitter criticism?
magical power.
(b) bring a country, etc, or a person under control.
Give me a book of spells.
Ancient India subjected most of Asia to its rule.
The wizard recited a spell.
Adj:
(c) state or condition caused by the speaking of such
(a) under the control of somebody else; not politically
words.
independent.
He was under a spell.
That is a subject province.
The magician cast a spell on him.
They are subject peoples.
(d) period of time during which something lasts.
(b) under the authority of somebody/something.
He rested for a short spell.
We are subject to the law of the land.
There was a long spell of warm weather.
Many peasants are subject to the local landowner.
Do you like the cold spell in January?

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
(c) often having, suffering or undergoing something; Stop messing around, you silly twit.
liable to something. V: make fun of somebody in a friendly way.
Are you subject to colds? His unmarried friends twitted him about his wed-
Trains are subject to delay after the heavy rain- ding plans.
fall.
The timetable is subject to alteration.
(d) depending on something as a condition. Adj:
The project is subject to the chairman's approval. (a) of or at a fairly high temperature, between cool
and hot.
The weather is a bit warmer today.
N: small child. Food for a baby should be warm, not hot.
This is a TV programme for tiny tots. (b) having the normal body temperature.
Are you a tot? The patient must be kept warm.
V: (c) showing enthusiasm; hearty.
(a) add up. I sent her a warm invitation to stay with us.
Tot up your expenses. She gave me a warm reception.
(b) equal something. (d) affectionate or sympathetic.
The bill totted up to Rs. 600. He has a warm heart.
Do you have warm feelings of love and gratitude?
N:
Aj: (a) warm atmosphere.
(a) in a good order; near and tidy. Come out of the cold street into the warm.
I keep my garden trim. (b) act by warming.
(b) elegant or slim. She gave the sheets a warm by the fire before
Vandana has a trim figure. putting them on the bed.
V: V: make or become warm or warmer.
(a) make something neat or smooth by cutting away The milk is warming on the stove.
irregular parts. Tell the maid to warm the milk.
He trimmed his beard. Warm your hands by the fire.
Trim the top of the hedge.
(b) remove something or reduce something by cut-
ting. N:
Your article is too long. Please trim it by a quarter. (a) source of something.
He trimmed an inch off the hem of this skirt. This book is a well of information about our an-
We had to trim a lot our travel budget. cient heritage.
(c) decorate or ornament something. (b) shaft dug in the ground for obtaining water from
Tell him to trim the dress with lace. an underground source.
This is a hat trimmed with flowers. The villagers get their water from a well.
N: trimming of hair, lawan. (c) (in a lawcourt) space in front of the magistrate/
Your hair needs a trim. judge where lawyers sit, separated from the rest
of the court by railing.
V: flow or rise like water from a well.
N: stupid or annoying person. Terar welled up in her eyes.
He is an arrogant twit. Anger was welling up in him.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
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Blood was welling out from the wound. He was wont to give lengthy speeches.
Adj:
(a) in good helath
Are you quite well? Adj: of the least excellent, suitable, desirable, etc, king.
Is she well enough to travel? This is the worst essay I have read.
(b) in a satisfactory state or position. What you have told me confirms my worst fears.
I am very well where I am. Adv: most badly.
All is well that ends well. He is one of the worst dressed men I know.
It seems that all is not well at home. Manufacturing industry was worst affected by the
fuel shortage.
(c) advisable or desirable.
Gita played badly, Rita played worse, and I played
Bear in mind that it would be well to start early.
worst of all.
Adj:
N: the most bad part, state, event, possibility, etc.
(a) in a good, right or satisfactory manner.
The worst of the storm in now over.
Mridual Devi speaks English very well.
When they did not hear from her, they feared the
I can read well enough without glasses. worst.
I hope verything is going very well with you. He was always optimistic, even when things were
Things did not go well for us at fist, but everything at their worst.
is fine now. V: defeat somebody in fight or competition.
(b) in a kind manner. I have been worsted by my enemy.
She treated me very well. She was worsted by me at badminton.
(c) thoroughly; completely or carefully. Note:
Shake the mixture well before use. (i) 'worst' is now rarely used as a verb.
Read the document well before you sing it. (ii) Its use as a verb, though rare, is usually made in
I am well able to manage on my own. the passive voice.
(d) with praise or approval.
She always speaks well of me.
(e) justifiably; reasonably or probably. Adj:
You may well be right. (a) unjust; not morally right.
I might well consier it later. It is wrong to steal.
I cannot very well leave now. (b) not true or correct.
It may well be that the train is delayed. Your estimate of the cost was completely wrong.
(f) to a considerable extent or degree. He did the sum but got the wrong answer.
She looks well over twenty. (c) mistaken.
He was driving at well over the speed limit. Can you prove that I am wrong?
He leaned well back in his chair. You are wrong in thinking that it is getting colder.
It was well worth waiting for her. (d) not required, suitable or the most desirable.
You are doing it the wrong train.
He came the wrong way.
N: habit; custom. You are wearing your jumper the wrong way
He went for a walk after breakfast, as was his round.
wont. He is the wrong man for the job.
Adj: in the habit of doing something; accustomed to do- Your decision proved to be wrong.
ing something. (e) In a bad condition.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
What is the wrong with the engine? (b) story; traveller's tale.
There is something wrong with my eyes—I can- Tell us the yarn about your travel all over the coun-
not see proprly. try.
(f) not as it should be. V: tell yarns.
Is anything wrong? You look ill. We stayed up yarning until midnight.
What is wrong with you?
Adv:
(a) in a wrong manner or direction; with incorrect re-
sults. V:
You guessed wrong. (a) utter a lod, sharp cry,or cries as of pain, excite-
You have spelt my name wrong. ment, etc.
N: She yelled at her mischievous child.
(a) what is wrong. He yelled with laughter?
He does not know the difference between right (b) speak or say something in a yelling voice.
and worng. She yelled at her husband about his constant drunk-
(b) unjust action; injustice. enness.
She complained of the wrongs she had suffered. The crowd yelled encouragement at the players.
You have done me a great wrong. N: loud sharp cry of pain, excitement, etc.
V:
He let out an ear-splitting yell.
(a) do wrong to somebody; treat somebody unjustly
I heard a yell of terror.
or badly..
Is she a wronged wife?
(b) Judge somebody unfairly; attribute a bad motive
Adj:
to somebody mistakenly.
(a) of the colour of ripe lemons or gold.
You wrong me if you think that I only did it for
selfish reasons. This shirt is yellow.
He wronged me when he said that I was envious. (b) cowardly.
She says that you are a yellow person.
N:
V: talk continuously and often noisily about sth unim- (a) the colour yellow.
portant. (b) yellow substance, material or covering; yellow
She kept yacking about the wedding. clothes.
N: chatter; persistent or trivial conversation. She was wearing in yellow.
He was having a good old yack with the neighbours. V: make or become yellow.
The manuscript had yellowed with age.

V: Pull something with a sudden sharp tug.

She yanked the rope and it broke.
N: sudden sharp tug.
V:
The old chain only needed a couple of yanks be-
(a) bear, produce or provide.
fore it snapped.
These trees do not yield fruit.
Our experiments yielded new insights.
N: My investment in business yielded high profit.
(a) fibres that have been spun for kniting, weaving, (b) allow oneself to be overcome by pressure; cease
etc. opposition to some boyd/something.

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
She yielded to tepmation, and had another apple.
The government has not yielded to public opinion.
The town was forced to yield after a long siege. Adj: amusingly ridiculous; eccentric.
(c) bend or break under pressure; be forced out of He leads a zany lifestyle.
the usual or natural shape. He had a zany haircut.
Despite all our attempts to break it open, the lock N: comical or eccentric perosn.
didn't yield. People say that you are a zany.
The dam eventually yielded and collapsed under Nobody likes a zany.
the weight of water.
(d) be replaced or superseded by something.
The cinema has largely yielded to the home video. V:
Increasingly, farm land is slowly yielding to prop- (a) destroy suddenly and forcefully.
erty evelopment.
The Bofors zapped the enemy guns.
(e) deliver somebody/something to somebody; reluc-
(b) cause to move suddenly or quickly in the specified
tantly give control of something to somebody.
direction.
The hijackers of the plane have yielded four of
The tide zapped us up towards the coast.
their hostages to the police.
(f) reveal something; disclose something. N: vigour; feeling of energy, liveliness, etc.
The universe is slowly yielding up its secrets to I highly admire her grand expression of zap at the
scientists. dancing party.
(g) concede; admit that one is inferior to somebody/
something.
I yield to no one in my admiration for his work. N:
N: amount of that which is yielded or produced. (a) lowedst point; nothing; nil.
What is the yield of wheat per acre? Economic growth is at zero.
What is the annual milk yield? Prospects of success in the talk were put at zero.
(b) freezing point.
It was fourteen below zero when they woke up.
N: Adj: nothing at all of a particular thing.
(a) shaped piece of wood fixed across the necks of We drove in zero visiblity.
two animals, especially oxen, pulling a cart, plough, Its running costs were zero.
and so on.
(b) two oxen working together.
He has five yoke of oxen. N: line, path, etc, forming a zigzag.
Note: The word, yoke is also pused in the plural. Can you define a zigzag?
(c) oppressive control; burdensome restraint.
Adj: (of a path, line, etc) turning right and left alter-
Don't work under the yoke of a cruel employer. nately at sharp angles.
Throw all the yoke of slavery. The road to the airport is zigzag.
Don't go by that zigzag street.
N: loud wailing cry. V:
Did you hear the yowl coming from that direc- (a) move forward by going at an angle first to the right
tion? and then to the left.
V: utter a yowl. We zigzagged laboriously up the track.
The baby was kept awake as cats were yowling The narrow path zigzags up the hillside.
all the night.

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13. PROVERBS & THEIR USAGE

1. Avarice is the root of all evils -Greed is the main reason behind all evils.

Incorrect : Avarice is the route of all evils.

Correct : Avarice is the root of all evils.
2. Black will take no other hue-Evil is all-pervading.

Incorrect : Black shall take no other hue.

Correct : Black will take no other hue.
3. A burnt child dreads the fire - One is forever scared of the thing that caused pain or hurt.

Incorrect : A burnt child fears the fire.

Correct : A burnt child dreads the fire.
4. Truth is bitter - Truth often is very unpleasant to hear and tackle.

Incorrect : Truth is sour.

Correct : Truth is bitter.
5. Ill-gotten goods seldom proper - Money earned through corrupt means is easily lost.82

Incorrect : Ill-gotten articles seldom prosper.

Correct : Ill-gotten goods seldom prosper.
6. If you want a thing well done, do it yourself - Do not depend on thers if you seek perfection.

Incorrect : If you want a thing well done, make it yourself.

Correct : If you want a ting well done, do it yourself.
7. There is no smoke without fire - There is always a basis for talks however untrue they may appear.

Incorrect : There is no ember without fire.

Correct : There is no smoke without fire.
8. Rome was not built in a day- A difficult aim cannot be achieved all at once.

Incorrect : Rome was not made in a day.

Correct : Rome was not built in a day.
9. When in Rome, do as the Romans do - In an alien setting one should follow the conduct of the locals.

Incorrect : When in Rome, act as the Romans do.

Correct : When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
10. Spare the rod and spoil the child - Occasionally it is good to enforce strict discipline.

Incorrect : Spare the cane and spoil the child

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Correct : Spare the rod and spoil the child.
11. Union is strenght - The strength is in numbers.

Incorrect : Union is courage.

Correct : Union is strength.
12. Every cloud has a silver lining - Even in the apparent by bad situations there is something positive.

Incorrect : Every cloud has a silver streak.

Correct : Every cloud has a silver lining.
13. All is fair in love and war - In the face of extreme situations, one can resort to actions that may not be
presribed.

Incorrect : All is fare in love and war.

Correct : All is fair in love and war.
14. A figure among ciphers - Among the ignorant many, the man with limited knowledge is the person with
importance.

Incorrect : A figure between ciphers.

Correct : A figure among ciphers.
15. Beggars cannot be choosers - A person who is in want of something cannot afford to be fussy.

Incorrect : Buggers cannot be choosers.

Correct : Beggars cannot be choosers.
16. Dianond cuts diamond - It needs a thig or person of equal strenght or status to beat another.

Incorrect : Diamond breaks diamond.

Correct : Diamond cuts diamond.
17. Too many cooks spoil the broth - when one is dong something with the advice of many, the thing is sure
not to meet success.

Incorrect : Too many cooks spoil the kitchen.

Correct : Too many cooks spoil the broth.
18. Strike the iron while it is hot - Things should be done when the situation is conducive to it/ opportunities
should not be lost.

Incorrect : Strike the iron as it is hot.

Correct : Strike the iron while it is hot.
19. One in search of truth must dive below - When one wants unravel the truth, it is wise to go the root of
the matter.

Incorrect : One in search of truth must go below.

Correct : One in search of truth must dive below.

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20. Penny wise, pound foolish - When you lose higher stakes because you went for the lower and the non-
important ones.

Incorrect : Penny wise, pound stupid.

Correct : Penny wise, pound foolish.
21. Once bitten twice shy - One is very scared of the situation, wherein an earlier experience of the same was
unpleasant.

Incorrect : Once beaten, twice shy.

Correct : Once bitten, twice shy.
22. Learning breeds controversy - Knowledge makes a person so aware, so as to question and not accept
unconditionally.

Incorrect : Learning creates controversy.

Correct : Learning breeds controversy.
23. Hard nut to crack - Difficult to solve.

Incorrect : Hard nut to creak.

Correct : Hard nut to crack.
24. It is no use building castles in the air - One should not make conclusions that are not based on reality.

Incorrect : It is no use making castles in the air.

Correct : It is no use building castles in the air.
25. Half a loaf is better than no bread - When one is needy, he has to settle for something less that may not
fulfil the desire but satisfy the need.

Incorrect : Half a loaf is bitter than no bread.

Correct : Half a loaf is better than no bread.
26. He jests at scars who never felt a wound - One who was never felt pain cannot understand that of the
others.

Incorrect : He jests at scars who never fault a wound.

Correct : He jests at scars who never felt a wound.
27. Example is better than precept - Practise what you preach.

Incorrect : Example is bitter than precept.

Correct : Example is better than precept.
28. Give a dog a bad name and hang him - Giving a person a bad name will eventually ensure his demise.

Incorrect : Give a dog a bed name and hang him.

Correct : Give a dog a bad name and hang him.
29. Good health is above wealth - It is better to be healthy than rich. 60

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Incorrect : Good health is over wealth.

Correct : Good health is above wealth.
30. A rotten apple injures its companions - One bad person negatively influences all others around him.

Incorrect : A rotten apple attacks its companions.

Correct : A rotten apple injures its companions.
31. Do evil and look for like for like - One who does evil things to others can expect the same for himself.

Incorrect : Do evil and look for alike.

Correct : Do evil and look for like.
32. It is work that makes a workman - One can attain perfection only by repeating the thing time and again/
practical experience makes for perfection.

Incorrect : It is work that builds a workman.

Correct : It is work that makes a workman.
33. Gather thistles and expect pickles - One gets the results according to the work that was done.

Incorrect : Gather thistles and hope pickles.

Correct : Gather thistles and expect pickles.
34. Money begets money - Only when one has invested, returns are assured.

Incorrect : Money creates money.

Correct : Money begets money.
35. No pains, no gains - Without experiencing difficulty one cannot expect success.

Incorrect : No pains, no profits.

Correct : No pains, no gains.
36. The innocent have nothing to fear - When one is in the path of right and truth, he can exp[ect no harm.

Incorrect : The innocent have nothing to be afraid of

Correct : The innocent have nothing to fear.
37. To make a mountain out of a molehill - To blow a thing out of proportion.

Incorrect : To make a mountain from a molehill.

Correct : To make a mounain out of a molehill.
38. Barking dogs seldom bite - People who are aggessive often do not hurt others.

Incorrect : Burking dogs seldom bite.

Correct : Barking dogs seldom bite.
39. A friend in need is a friend indeed - A friend is one who stands by one’s side during difficult times.

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Incorrect : A friend on need is friend indeed.

Correct : A friend in need is a friend indeed.
40. A little knowledge is a dangerous thing - A person with limited knowledge cannot be trusted.

Incorrect : A less knowledge is a dangerous thing.

Correct : A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.
41. A nine day’s wonder - Something that is unexpected and lasts for a very short time.

Incorrect : A nine day’s wnader.

Correct : A nine day’s wonder.
42. Health is wealth - Health is the most important thing.

Incorrect : Health is money.

Correct : Health is wealth.
43. Great cry, little wool - Making a statement but not having anything substantial to back it.

Incorrect : Greet cry, little wool.

44. Fools praise fools - A person who is foolish would praise one like him.

Incorrect : Folls flatter fools.

Correct : Folls praise fools.
45. Death pays all debts - One escapes from all past obligations on dying.

Incorrect : Death clears all debts.

Correct usage : Death pays all debts.
46. A wolf in lamb’s clothing - A person who means others harm but acts like a saint.

Incorrect : A wolf with lamb’s clothing.

Correct : A wolf in lamb’s clothing.
47. Even death cannot be had for the asking - One cannot get anyghing without working for it.

Incorrect : Even death cannot be had on the asking.

Correct : Even death cannot be had for the asking.
48. Better wear your shoes than your bed clothes - It is better to have something instead of nothing.

Incorrect : It is better to wear your shoes than your bad clothes.

Correct : It is better to wear your shoes than your bed clothes.
49. Many a little makes a mickle - It is the adding of small things that leads to something big one day.

Incorrect : Many a little creates mickle.

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Correct : Many a little makes a mickle.
50. All are not alike - No two persons or situations in life are similar to each other.

Incorrect : All are not like.

Correct : All are not alike.
51. A bad man is better than a bad name - It hardly metters how bad your are untile you get caught.

Incorrect : A bed man is better than a bad name.

Correct : A bad man is better than a bad name.
52. A honey tongue, a heart of gall - A person who talks sweet, but has evil intentions.

Incorrect : A honey tongue, a hart of gall.

Correct : A honey tongue, a heart of gall.
53. Ill got, ill spent - Money earned through wrong means is often lost and is eventually of no use.

Incorrect : Ill got, eel spent.

Correct : Ill got, ill spent.
54. Like cures like - A shrewd person can be effectively dealt with shrewdness.

Incorrect : Like treats like.

Correct : Like cures like.
55. Let the past bury the dead - It is better to forget the past and carry on.

Incorrect : Let the past forget the dead.

Correct : Let the past bury the dead.
56. It is too late to lock the stable door when the steed is stolen - After the event or the thing has
happened, it is too late to make amends.

Incorrect : It is too late to close the stable door when the steed is stolen.
Correct : It is too late to lock the stable door when the steed is stolen.
57. Pure gold does not fear the flame - A person doing good deeds has nothing to fear.

Incorrect : Pure gold does not worry about the flame.

Correct : Pure gold does not fear the flame.
58. One nail drives out another- People of equivalent capabilities are suited to compete with each other.

Incorrect : One nail drives after another.

Correct : One nail drives out another.
59. Riches have wings - Money is easily spent and doesnt’t stay for long.

Incorrect : Riches possess wings.

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Correct : Riches have wings.
60. Poverty breeds strife - Poverty leads to misunderstandings and problems.

Incorrect : Poverty spreads strife.

Correct : Poverty breeds strife.
61. Crying in wilderness - Making suggestins that are not likely to be foolwed.

Incorrect : Crying on wilderness.

Correct : Crying in wilderness.
62. Misfortunes never come alone - During a bad phase, all things around us go bad.

Incorrect : Misfortunes never visit alone.

Correct : Misfortunes never come alone.
63. A miss is as good as a mile - if one fails in somehing it makes no difference how close one came to
succeding

Incorrect : A miss is as nice as a mile.

Correct : A miss is as good as a mile.
64. The more the merrier - The more the people or things there are the better.

Incorrect : The more the neater.

Correct : The more the merrier.
65. All’s well that ends well - When the result turns out to be good, then no matter however bad the process
was, it can be set aside.

Incorrect : All’s well that finishes well.

Correct : All’s well that ends well.
67. Drowning man catches the straw - A person in dire straits looks towards support from even the most
inconsequential things.

Incorrect : Drowning man catches upon straw.

Correct : Drowning man catches the straw.
68. Cut your coat according to your cloth - One should desire according to one’s capabilities.

Incorrect : Cut your coat according to your clothe.

Correct : Cut your cloth according to your cloth.
69. Might is right - A person with power is often proved to be right even though he might not be so.

Incorrect : Might is rite.

Correct : Might is right.
70. Perseverance prevails - Devotion to one’s work pays off in the end.

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Incorrect : Perseverance commands.
Correct : Perseverance prevails.
71. Empty vessels make more noise - Men with little knowledge are the ones who make tall statements.

Incorrect : Empty vessels make more sound.

Correct : Empty vessels make more noise.
72. A base coin never runs - Evil never succeeds.

Incorrect : A vase coin never runs.

Correct : A base coin never runs.
73. A bad workman finds fault with his tools - A person without ability blames others for his mistakes.

Incorrect : A bad workman fights with his tools.

Correct : A bad workman finds fault with his tools.
74. Man proposes, God disposes - Sometimes even the best laid plans do not succeed due to factors beyond
our control.

Incorrect : Man wishes, God disposes.

Correct : Man proposes, God disposes.
75. Forced labour is better than idleness - Even though one has to work under duress it is better than
remaining idle.

Incorrect : Forced labour is better than laziness.

Correct : Forced labour is better than idleness.
76. Every potter praises his pot - All of us find our own work above faults or mistakes.

Incorrect : Every potter praises his pat.

Correct : Every potter praises his pot.
77. Honesty is the best policy - Being honest and truthful is the best path to follwo.

Incorrect : Honesty is the good policy.

Correct : Honesty is the best policy.
78. It takes two to make a quarrel - A person cannto have a disagreement when alone; in any dospute there
would at least be two parties involved.

Incorrect : It takes two to build a quarrel.

Correct : It takes two to make a quarrel.
79. It is now use crying over spilt milk - It is irrelevant to think over matters that have already happened.

Incorrect : It is no use crying over spoilt milk.

Correct : It is no use crying over spilt milk.
80. Like father, like son - People of the same family often behave alike.

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Incorrect : As father, as son.

Correct : Like father, like son.
81. Like draws like - People of the same nature tend to kep each others company.

Incorrect : Like attracts like.

Correct : Like draws like.
82. Make hay while the sun shines - One should derive maximum benefits when the situation is conducive to
it.

Incorrect : Make straw while the sun shines.

Correct : Make hay while the sun shines.
83. A bird in hand is wort two in the bush - What one possesses is better than what one would have
possessed, it is the reality that matters.

Incorrect : A bard in hand is worth two in the bush.

Correct : A bird in hand is worth two in the bush.
84. As you sow so shall you reap - One gets the results as per one's doing.

Incorrect : As you so, so shall you reap.

Correct : As you sow, so shall you reap.
85. To lock the stable door after the horse has bolted - To make amends after the damage has been done.

Incorrect : To shut the stable door after the horse has bolted.
Correct : To lock the stable door after the horse has bolted.
86. Whistling mainds and crowning hen are fit neither for gods nor for men - Anything even though very
beautiful loses its value if it does not have a timely relevance.

Incorrect : Whistling mainds and crying hen are fit neither for gods nor for men.
Correct : Whistling mainds and crowning hen are fit neither for gods nor for men.
87. To cast pearls before the swine - It is useless to place a thing of value before a person who does not
know its relevance.

Incorrect : To throw pearls the swine.

Correct : To cast pearls before the swine.
88. Silence is half consent - Keeping quiet over an issue may be taken as an approval to it.

Incorrect : Silence is half approval.

Correct : Silence is half consent.
89. To the good, the world appears good - A person who has goodness in his heart, belives in the goodness
of others.

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Incorrect : To the good, the world is good.
Correct : To the good, the world appears good.
90. To make castles in the air - To dream about something and come to conclusions even before the events
have happened in reality.

Incorrect : To build castles in the air.

Correct : To make castles in the air.
91. Beneath the rose lies the serpent - There is some evil dormant even when one is surrounded by good-
ness.

Incorrect : Beneath a rose lies the serpent.

Correct : Beneath the rose lies the serpent.
92. Crows are never the whiter for washing - Bad/evil cannot be turned around by mere advice.

Incorrect : Crows are never the whiter after nwashing.

Correct : Crows are never the whiter for washing.
93. A drop in the ocean- A little effort when the need is of a massive one.

Incorrect : A drip in the ocean.

Correct : A drop in the ocean.
94. Familiarity breeds contempt- One ceases to be fully aware of and to appreciate the qualities of someone
too close.

Incorrect : Familiarity produces contempt.

Correct : Familiarity breeds contempt.
95. He who would sow will must reap well - A person who has taken wise decisions often gets good results
for them.

Incorrect : He who would sow well, must rip well.

Correct : He who would sow well, must reap well.
96. It takes all sorts to make the world - In this world there are people of all kinds and types.

Incorrect : It takes all sorts to build the world.

Correct : It takes all sorts to make the world.
97. No one knows the weight of another's burden - One who is not involved would not grasp the other's
problems.

Incorrect : No one knows the wait of another's burden.

Correct : No one knows the weight of another's burden.
98. One flower makes no garland - No situation in life can be dealt with only idea, a holistic picture is
necessary.

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Incorrect : One flower builds no garland.
Correct : One flower makes no garland.
99. Self-praise is no recommendation - Praising oneself does not prove one's worth.

Incorrect : Self-praise is no praise.

Correct : Self-praise is no recommendation.
100. Where there is a will, there is a way - Whatever the difficulty, if there is the wish to override it, it can be
done.

Incorrect : Where there is a determination, there is a way.

Correct : Where there is a will, there is a way.
101. Let bygones be bygones - It is better to carry on forgetting the past.

Incorrect : Let by gones go bygones.

Correct : Let by gones be bygones.
102. Hard work always pays - One always gets the result of hard work.

Incorrect : Hard work ever pays.

Correct : Hard work always pays.
103. Idleness is the root cause of all ills - Idle mind is the devil's workshop.

Incorrect : Idleness is the root cause of all evils.

Correct : Idleness is the root cause of all ills.
104. All roads lead to Rome - One can attain a particular goal by adopting all possible ways and means.

Incorrect : All roads go to Rome.

Correct : All roads lead to Rome.
105. Vows made in storm, are forgotten in calm - Resolutions taken during adverse times are forgotten the
moment times change for the better.

Incorrect : Vows created in storm are forgotten in calm.

Correct : Vows made in storm are forgotten in calm.
106. Respect yourself and you will be respected - To gain respect from others we must first respect and
value ourselves.

Incorrect : Respect yourself and you will get respected.

Correct : Respect yourself and you will be respected.
107. Living from hand to mouth-Living in absolute poverty.

Incorrect : Living by hand to mouth.

Correct : Living from hand to mouth.

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108. Handsome is, that handsome does - A person in judged good, by his good actions.

Incorrect : Handsome is, that handsome works.

Correct : Handsome is, that handsome does.
109. A divided house cannot stand - Without unity there are liable to be quarrels.

Incorrect : A divided home cannot stand.

Correct : A divided house cannot stand.
110. Between two stools we come to the ground - To reach higher goals we have to undergo severe struggles.

Incorrect : Between two stoles we come to the ground.

Correct : Between two stools we come to the ground.
111. Do good and cast it into the river - One should not expect the results of goodness done, is should be done
for itself.

Incorrect : Do good and cast it to the river.

Correct : Do good and cast it into the river.
112. Courtesy costs nothing - To extend civility does not take any extra effort.

Incorrect : Courtesy casts nothing.

Correct : Courtesy costs nothing.
113. Every ass loves his bray - Each of us is appreciative of his/her actions irrespective of the fact that it may
not be so good.

Incorrect : Every donkey loves his bray.

Correct : Every ass loves his bray.
114. Good marksman may miss - Everyone however expert may make mistakes.

Incorrect : Good marksman may lose.

Correct : Good marksman may miss.
115. His wits are gone a wool gathering - When one acts without a semblance of thought or rationality.

Incorrect : His wits are on a wool gathering.

Correct : His wits are gone a wool gathering.
116. It is hard to live in Rome and fight the Pope - One cannot always fight with the people and circum-
stances one lives with.

Incorrect : It is hard to live in Rome and quarrel the Pope.

Correct : It is hard to live in Rome and fight the Pope.
117. Measure for measure - Blow for blow.

Incorrect : Measure by measure.

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Correct : Measure for measure.
118. Nothing is stable in this world - Every situation is liable to change any moment.

Incorrect : Nothing is stable at this world.

Correct : Nothing is stable in this world.
119. One today is better than two tomorrows - The present however unsatisfactory is better than the dreams
of a beautiful tommorow.

Incorrect : One today is better then two tomorrow.

Correct : One today is better than two tomorrow.
120. Prasising you at your face is flattery.

Incorrect : Praising you in your face is flattery.

Correct : Praising you at your face is flattery.
121. Socitey moulds man - The nature and behaviour and behaviour of a person is dependent upon his sur-
rounding both manimate and animate.

Incorrect : Society creates man.

Correct : Society moulds man.
123. The once lost cannot be regained - What had happened in the past cannot be erased, one can only be in
command of ther present.

Incorrect : Time if lost cannot be regained.

Correct : Time once lost cannot be regained.
124. Something is better than nothing - What little you own is better than nothing.

Incorrect : Something is bitter than nothing.

Correct : Something is better than nothing.
125. The wearer best knows where the shoe pinches - The person who is undergoing a situation best knows
the difficulties involved.

Incorrect : The bearer best knows where the shoe pinches.

Correct : The wearey best knows where the shoe pinches.
126. Prosperity gains friends, but adversity tries them - When times are good, friends are aplenty. Only
when we face bad times does one get to see the true colours of these people.

Incorrect : Prosperity gains friends, but adversity tests them.

Correct : Prosperity gains friends, but adversity tries them.
127. Many heads, many minds - The More the men, the more the ideas they offer.

Incorrect : Many heads, many moods.

Correct : Many heads, many minds.

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128. High winds blow on high hills The bigger you are the bigger the difficulties you are likely to face.

Incorrect : High winds blow on high heels.

Correct : High winds blow on high hills.
129. experience teaches the unskilled - Repeated action is the way to perfection.

Incorrect : Experience trains the unskilled.

Correct : Experience teaches the unskilled.
130. Good mind, good find - A man with good intentions views the world in the same manner.

Incorrect : Good mind, good discovery.

Correct : Good mind, good find.
131. Guilty conscience is always suspicious - One who is in the woring, doubts all around him.

Incorrect : Guilty conscience is ever supicious.

Correct : Guilty conscience is always suspicious.
132. Everything looks yellow to the jaundiced eye - A person who is perjudiced and with evil intentions,
thinks the same of all around him.

Incorrect : Everything looks yellow with the jaundiced eye.

Correct : Everything looks yellow to the jaundiced eye.
133. He breaks his wife's head and then buys a plaster for it - Hurting intentionally and then providing
solace and balm for the injury.

Incorrect : He breaks his wife's head and than byus a plaster for it.
Correct : He breaks his wife's head and then buys a plaster for it.
134. Out of the frying pan into the fire - From one bad situation to another.

Incorrect : Out of the frying pan for the fire.

Correct : Out of the frying pan into the fire.
135. Man is a slave to his stomach - All efforts are done merely to satisfy the hunger of our stomach.

Incorrect : Man is a slave for his strmach.

Correct : Man is a slave to his stomach.
136. He who would catch the fish must not mind getting wet - A person who aims high must not be bothered
by its associated problems.

Incorrect : He who would hold the fish must not mind getting wet.
Correct : He who would catch the fish must not mind getting wet.
137. He that is warm thinks all are so - A person who is good and happy thinks the same of everyone around
him.

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Incorrect : He that is worm thinks all are so.
Correct : He that is warm thinks all are so.
138. Fortune favours the brave - A person who makes the efforts is the one liable to get the result.

Incorrect : Fortune supports the brave.

Correct : Fortune favorus the brave.
139. Give loan, enemy own - Extending credit is the surest way to make enemies.

Incorrect : Give credit, enemy own.

Correct : Give loan, enemy own.
140. Coming events cast their shadows before - One is often forwarned before a happening.

Incorrect : Coming events cost their shadows before.

Correct : Coming events cast their shadows before.
141. As the king, so are the subjects - The nature of the leader is reflected in his followers.

Incorrect : As the king, such are the subjects.

Correct : As the king, so are the subjects.
142. A thing is valued where it belongs - The value of everything if judged according to its appropriatnss.

Incorrect : A thig is valued where it stays.

Correct : A thing is valued where it belongs.
143. Cattle do not die from crow's cursing - Good cannot be harmed by mere evil wishes.

Incorrect : Cattle do not die at crow's cursing.

Correct : Cattle do not die from crow's cursing.
144. Deep rivers move with silent majesty, shallow brooks are noisy - A person with conviction moves
ahead with confidence, it's the one who is in self-dout that acts otherwise attracting a lot of attention.

Incorrect : Deep rivers move in silent majesty, shallow brooks are noisy.
Correct : Deep rivers move with silent majesty, shallow brooks are noisy.
145. Fool to others, to himself a sage - One who has a very high opinion of himself is pite of the poor thought
of others.

Incorrect : Foll to others, to himself a saint.

Correct : Fool to others, to himself a sage.
146. One lie leads to another - When we try to' justify one' s lies, we merely end up with more lies in order to
cover up the first one.

Incorrect : One lie takes to another.

Correct : One lie leads to another.
147. The more haste, the worse speed - When we hurry, we end up making more mistakes that slow us

Page No. 250

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 Intelligent Academy’s
Vocabulary
down.

Incorrect : The more haste, the slower speed.

Correct : The more haste, the worse speed.
148. Truth lies at the bottom of the well - The quest for truth is ardous, as it lies surrounded by many lies.

Incorrect : Truth lies at the end of the well.

Correct : Truth lies at the bottom of the well.
149. To count one's chickens before they are hatached - To rejoice about the results before the conlusion
have been reached.

Incorrect : To count one's chickens before they are born.

Correct : To count one's chickens before they are hatched.

Page No. 251

Our Branches : [Ankleshwar] [Bharuch] [Madhubani] [Benipatti] Upcoming Branches [Borivali]

[Surat] Contact us : 8905254652, 8866596487 Visit us :- www.intelligentacademy.co.in