UNIT - I: Security Concepts and Cryptography Concepts and Techniques

1. Which of the following is NOT a type of security attack?

o A) Passive Attack
o B) Active Attack
o C) Insecure Transmission
o D) Man-in-the-Middle Attack
2. Which principle is focused on preventing unauthorized access to information?
o A) Confidentiality
o B) Integrity
o C) Availability
o D) Authentication
3. A method of encoding data to prevent unauthorized access is called:
o A) Cryptography
o B) Steganography
o C) Decryption
o D) Transposition
4. In cryptography, the original message is known as:
o A) Plaintext
o B) Ciphertext
o C) Key
o D) Code
5. Which technique involves rearranging characters in a message?
o A) Substitution
o B) Transposition
o C) Permutation
o D) Stenography
6. Symmetric cryptography requires:
o A) One private key
o B) Two public keys
o C) One public and one private key
o D) None of the above
7. Which term refers to hiding a message within another medium, like an image?
o A) Cryptography
o B) Steganography
o C) Encoding
o D) Encryption
8. What type of key is used in asymmetric encryption?
o A) Symmetric Key
o B) Public and Private Key Pair
o C) Hash Key
o D) None of the above
9. The process of converting plaintext into ciphertext is known as:
o A) Decryption
o B) Encryption
 o C) Encoding
o D) Decoding
10. A model for Network Security primarily focuses on:
o A) Confidentiality
o B) Availability
o C) Integrity
o D) All of the above
11. Which attack involves intercepting and possibly altering information during
transmission?
o A) Passive Attack
o B) Active Attack
o C) Replay Attack
o D) Man-in-the-Middle Attack
12. Which cryptographic technique uses both substitution and transposition methods?
o A) Symmetric Key Cryptography
o B) Asymmetric Key Cryptography
o C) Hybrid Cryptography
o D) Public Key Cryptography

UNIT - II: Symmetric and Asymmetric Key Ciphers

13. Which of the following is a symmetric key cipher?

o A) RSA
o B) DES
o C) ElGamal
o D) Knapsack Algorithm
14. DES stands for:
o A) Digital Encryption Standard
o B) Data Encryption System
o C) Data Encryption Standard
o D) Data Encoding System
15. AES is known for using which type of cipher method?
o A) Block Cipher
o B) Stream Cipher
o C) Public Key Cipher
o D) Hash Cipher
16. Which of the following is an example of a stream cipher?
o A) DES
o B) AES
o C) RC4
o D) Blowfish
17. The RSA algorithm is based on which principle?
o A) Symmetric Key Cryptography
o B) Asymmetric Key Cryptography
o C) Stream Cipher
 o D) Block Cipher
18. Which cipher is NOT considered symmetric?
o A) AES
o B) DES
o C) RSA
o D) Blowfish
19. Diffie-Hellman is primarily used for:
o A) Encrypting Data
o B) Key Exchange
o C) Message Integrity
o D) Digital Signatures
20. The Knapsack Algorithm is associated with which type of cryptography?
o A) Symmetric
o B) Asymmetric
o C) Hybrid
o D) None of the above
21. Which symmetric key cipher is known for its simplicity and high speed in
hardware?
o A) RC5
o B) AES
o C) Blowfish
o D) IDEA
22. The Block Cipher principle primarily divides:
o A) Plaintext into blocks
o B) Ciphertext into blocks
o C) Keys into segments
o D) Encrypted data into streams
23. Which cryptographic algorithm is widely used for secure online communications?
o A) Knapsack
o B) DES
o C) RSA
o D) RC4

UNIT - III: Cryptographic Hash Functions and Key Management

24. The SHA-512 algorithm is used in:

o A) Symmetric Encryption
o B) Asymmetric Encryption
o C) Hash Functions
o D) Digital Signatures
25. What does HMAC stand for?
o A) Hashed Message Authentication Code
o B) Hybrid Message Access Control
o C) Header Message Authentication Code
o D) High-level Message Authentication Control
26. Which algorithm provides message authentication and integrity?
o A) AES
o B) DES
o C) HMAC
o D) RSA
27. The ElGamal signature scheme is primarily used for:
o A) Data Encryption
o B) Digital Signatures
o C) Key Distribution
o D) Message Authentication
28. Which key management method uses both symmetric and asymmetric encryption?
o A) Kerberos
o B) Public Key Infrastructure
o C) Hybrid Key Exchange
o D) Symmetric Key Distribution
29. Which of the following is NOT a digital signature algorithm?
o A) ElGamal
o B) HMAC
o C) RSA
o D) DSA
30. X.509 is commonly associated with:
o A) Key Exchange
o B) Digital Certificates
o C) Symmetric Encryption
o D) Hashing
31. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) is used for:
o A) Generating symmetric keys
o B) Managing public and private keys
o C) Encrypting files only
o D) Distributing hashing algorithms
32. Which hash function algorithm is used to produce a 512-bit hash value?
o A) SHA-256
o B) SHA-1
o C) MD5
o D) SHA-512
33. The primary purpose of message authentication codes is to ensure:
o A) Confidentiality
o B) Integrity
o C) Availability
o D) Key Distribution
34. Kerberos is a protocol used for:
o A) Data Encryption
o B) Key Management
o C) Authentication Service
o D) Digital Signatures
35. Which of the following is a requirement for message authentication?
o A) Key Exchange
o B) Confidentiality
o C) Integrity
o D) Availability
36. Which component is NOT typically part of Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)?
o A) Certificate Authority
o B) Registration Authority
o C) Digital Signatures
o D) HMAC
37. A digital signature primarily provides:
o A) Confidentiality
o B) Integrity and Authentication
o C) Availability
o D) Encryption
38. The purpose of Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA) is:
o A) Encryption
o B) Decryption
o C) Hashing
o D) Key Generation
39. In key distribution, symmetric key distribution using asymmetric encryption
ensures:
o A) Faster processing
o B) Higher security
o C) Less memory usage
o D) Compatibility with symmetric keys
40. Message Authentication Codes (MAC) are mainly used to:
o A) Encrypt data
o B) Authenticate data
o C) Generate keys
o D) Verify public keys
UNIT - I: Security Concepts and Cryptography Concepts and Techniques

1. The need for security arises due to various ________ (attacks/services) in the digital
world.
2. ________ (Security/Privacy) approaches help protect sensitive information from
unauthorized access.
3. One of the main principles of security is ________ (confidentiality/privacy).
4. ________ (Integrity/Confidentiality) ensures that data has not been altered in transit.
5. Security mechanisms include ________ (firewalls/encryption) and authentication.
6. A model for ________ (Network/Web) Security helps define the requirements for
protecting network systems.
7. ________ (Ciphertext/Plaintext) refers to unencrypted data.
8. ________ (Ciphertext/Plaintext) is the encrypted form of data.
9. Substitution techniques in cryptography replace each element in the text with ________
(another/the same) element.
10. Encryption and decryption are methods for converting plaintext into ________
(ciphertext/metadata) and vice versa.
11. Symmetric key cryptography uses the ________ (same/different) key for both encryption
and decryption.
12. Asymmetric key cryptography uses ________ (one/two) keys: one for encryption and one
for decryption.
13. ________ (Steganography/Cryptography) is the practice of hiding information within
other non-secret text or data.
14. The ________ (key range/key size) determines the strength of a cryptographic system.
15. ________ (Brute-force/Dictionary) attacks try all possible key combinations to decrypt
data.

UNIT - II: Symmetric and Asymmetric Key Ciphers

16. The principles of block ciphers include ________ (substitution/iteration) and diffusion.
17. DES stands for ________ (Data Encryption/Digital Encoding) Standard.
18. AES is also known as ________ (Advanced Encryption/Affordable Encoding) Standard.
19. ________ (Blowfish/IDEA) is a symmetric-key block cipher designed for fast
encryption.
20. Stream ciphers encrypt data ________ (bit-by-bit/block-by-block).
21. RC4 is an example of a ________ (stream/block) cipher.
22. Public key cryptography relies on a pair of ________ (private/public) and private keys.
 23. The ________ (RSA/RC4) algorithm is widely used for secure data transmission in
public key cryptosystems.
24. The Diffie-Hellman algorithm is used for ________ (key exchange/data encryption).
25. The ________ (Knapsack/Blowfish) algorithm is an example of a public key
cryptosystem.

UNIT - III: Cryptographic Hash Functions, Message Authentication Codes, and

Key Management

26. SHA-512 is an example of a ________ (hash/message) algorithm used for data integrity.
27. Cryptographic hash functions ensure ________ (data confidentiality/message integrity).
28. ________ (MAC/HMAC) is a message authentication code that uses a cryptographic
hash function with a secret key.
29. Digital signatures verify the ________ (authenticity/integrity) of digital messages.
30. The ElGamal Digital Signature Scheme is based on ________ (asymmetric/symmetric)
cryptography.
31. ________ (Symmetric/Asymmetric) Key Distribution techniques involve the same key
for encryption and decryption.
32. Kerberos is a network authentication protocol using ________ (symmetric/asymmetric)
cryptography.
33. The X.509 Authentication Service is based on ________ (public/private) key
infrastructure.
34. HMAC stands for ________ (Hashed Message Authentication Code/High Message
Access Control).
35. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) supports the distribution of ________ (public/private)
keys in cryptographic systems.
36. Key management and distribution are essential to ensure ________
(confidentiality/integrity) in a secure system.
37. A cryptographic hash function transforms input data of any size into a ________
(fixed/variable) size.
38. ________ (Encryption/Message Authentication Codes) verify that a message has not
been tampered with.
39. SHA-512 is part of the ________ (SHA-1/SHA-2) family of secure hash algorithms.
40. The process of ________ (signing/encrypting) a message ensures that it came from a
verified source.