T ABLE OF C ONTENTS

COMPUTER....................................................................................................................................................................3
INTERNET.......................................................................................................................................................................3
 What is Network.................................................................................................................................................................. 3
 Network topologies and types of networks........................................................................................................................3
 What was the first computer network................................................................................................................................3
 Server................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
 Type of Network.................................................................................................................................................................. 3
 Local Area Network..............................................................................................................................................................3
 Metropolitan Area Network................................................................................................................................................3
 Wide Area Network............................................................................................................................................................. 4
 What is Internet...................................................................................................................................................................4
 What is ISP (Internet Service Provider)...............................................................................................................................4
 What is www........................................................................................................................................................................4
 Internet in India................................................................................................................................................................... 4
 Advantages of Internet........................................................................................................................................................4
 Connecting to the Internet.................................................................................................................................................. 4
 Computer............................................................................................................................................................................. 4
 Brower.................................................................................................................................................................................. 4
 Web Features....................................................................................................................................................................... 4
 Web Address or URLs...........................................................................................................................................................4
 What is E-mail (Electronic Mailing)......................................................................................................................................5
 How to Create an E-mail ID..................................................................................................................................................5
 How to Open your E-mail ID................................................................................................................................................5
 How to send a message to your friend through Internet Mail after opening your Mail account.......................................5
 How to check your Mail-box................................................................................................................................................5

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 COMPUTER
INTERNET
 W HAT IS N ETWORK
A network is a collection of computers, servers, mainframes, network devices, peripherals, or other devices
connected to one another to allow the sharing of data. An excellent example of a network is the Internet,
which connects millions of people all over the world. Below is an example image of a home network with
multiple computers and other network devices all connected to each other and the Internet.
 Examples of network devices
 Desktop computers, laptops, mainframes, and servers
 Consoles and thin clients
 Firewalls
 Bridges
 Repeaters
 Network Interface cards
 Switches, hubs, modems, and routers
 Smart Phones and tablets
 Webcams
 N ETWORK TOPOLOGIES AND TYPES OF NETWORKS
The term network topology describes the relationship of
connected devices in terms of a geometric graph. Devices are
represented as vertices, and their connections are represented as
edges on the graph. It describes how many connections each
device has, in what order, and it what sort of hierarchy.

Typical network configurations include the bus topology, mesh

Most home networks are configured in a tree topology that is connected to the Internet. Corporate
networks often use tree topologies, but they typically incorporate star topologies and an Intranet.
 W HAT WAS THE FIRST COMPUTER NETWORK
One of the first computer networks to use packet switching, ARPANET was developed in the mid-1960s
and is considered to be the direct predecessor of the modern Internet. The first ARPANET message was
sent on October 29, 1969.
 S ERVER
A server is a computer that provides resources or services to the other computer on a network. There can
be more than one server on a network.
 T YPE OF N ETWORK
Network can range from a small group of computer linked together in a classroom to thousands of
computers linked together across the globe. Depending on the geographical location, network can be
classified as:
 Local Area Network (LAN)
 Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
 Wide Area Network (WAN)
 L OCAL A REA N ETWORK
If a network is confided to a single location, typically a building, it is called a Local Area Network (LAN).
For an Example, a set of interconnected computers within a classroom or other can form a LAN.
 M ETROPOLITAN A REA N ETWORK
A Metropolitan Area Network (WAN) connects computers distributed across multiple buildings on a
school campus. For Example, all the computers in all the branches of a school within a city can be
connected together to form a MAN.
 W IDE A REA N ETWORK

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 When a network located over wide areas, such as Cities, States, Countries or even Continents, it is called a
Wide Area Network (WAN). For Example, computers in different branches of a globalised company can
be connected to each other through a WAN. The Internet is a god Example of a WAN environment
 W HAT IS I NTERNET
The Internet is a World Wide Network of computer networks. The Internet connects millions of computers
all over the world, forming a network in which computers across different locations can communicate with
each other. The Internet represents the transformation and evolution of the information age. The flexibility,
ease and speed with which people can communicate by using the Internet, as compared to the other means
of communication, have made it very popular.
 W HAT IS ISP (I NTERNET S ERVICE P ROVIDER )
To use the Internet, you must first register with an Internet Service Provider (ISP). ISPs are companied
that act as your link to the Internet, Just like telephone operators connect you to the telephone system. ISPs
usually have powerful computers directly connected to the Internet Network. American Online is a well
known US ISP, while VSNL is a Indian one. When you register the ISP gives you a unique username and
password. You dial with the ISP number and can connect to Internet.
 W HAT IS WWW
(www) World Wide Web is helpful in different ways to different users be it advertising, information about
current invention or entertainment. It is both humorous and informative. Institutions, Government
Agencies, Business Organization, Access web to barter information with millions of users be creating their
own Web-pages.
 I NTERNET IN I NDIA
In India Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited (VSNL) started Internet services from August 1995. Internet
service were initially offered from Mumby, New Delhi. Calcutta and Chennai. The Internet services were
excellent and the demand increased. By august 2002, India had completed seven years of Internet services.
During this period, the number of Internet users had becomes five millions and gradually increasing the
number of Internet users.
 A DVANTAGES OF I NTERNET
The Internet is a vast sea of Information. It provides information on all topics and can be accessed by
people across the globe. All you need in order to gain access to the Internet is a PC, a modem and a
telephone line through which you connect to the Internet Service Provider (ISP). Internet Service Providers
are companies that provide access to the Internet. The Internet is simultaneously all of the followings.
 Network
 Medium
 Marketplace
 Transaction Platform
 Source of Information
 C ONNECTING TO THE I NTERNET
Connecting a computer to the Internet involves the process of connecting your computer with another
computer that provides the Internet services
To connect to the Internet, you need the following:
 C OMPUTER
 It must have sufficient memory to run your browser, along with other programs you might run
simultaneously.
 B ROWER
 A browser is a software program that is necessary in order for you to view Web pages on the Web,
for Example: Microsoft Internet Explorer.
 W EB F EATURES
 Some Web Features are E-mail, News-Groups, Chat-Rooms, Instant-Messaging, Search-Engines.
 W EB A DDRESS OR URL S
 A URL specifies the exact locations of the Web-page on the Internet. The following is an Example of
a URL http://www.microsoft.com/catalog/navigation.asp
URL Element Explanation
Identify the protocol necessary to retrieve the file
http
(Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)
www World Wide Web
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 Microsoft Name of the web site
.com The domain type of the web site.
/catalog/navigation.asp The path of the file stored on the web.
 W HAT IS E- MAIL (E LECTRONIC M AILING )
The Internet has grown enormously and evolved in to a world Wide tool for electronic communication and
information sharing. E-mail is an example of a popular communicating technology available on the
Internet. E-mail is used to send messages quickly from one computer to another by means of messaging
system through Internet.
 H OW TO C REATE AN E- MAIL ID
1. Open an Web-site (www.yahoo.com)
2. Go to Mail
3. Click the New account sign-up tab.
4. Fill up the form of the Web-page.
5. After filling the form click on the accept button.
 H OW TO O PEN YOUR E- MAIL ID
1. Open an Web-site (www.yahoo.com)
2. Go to Mail
3. Click the sign-in tab.
4. Give your ID and Pass-word.
5. Click on Go Button.
 H OW TO SEND A MESSAGE TO YOUR FRIEND THROUGH I NTERNET
M AIL AFTER OPENING YOUR M AIL ACCOUNT
1. Go to compose button of the page.
2. Give the subject on the “subject” tab box.
3. Give your Friends Mail ID on the “To” tab box.
4. Compose your message on “Compose” tab box.
5. Click on “Send” Button.
 H OW TO CHECK YOUR M AIL - BOX
1. Open your ID.
2. Click on Mail-Box.

~END~

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