Fire Protrction Philosophy
Fire Protrction Philosophy
SCOPE
This document covers minimum requirements for basic design, application
and selection of fire fighting & suppression systems and provides
guidance on the use and application of design codes, standards and
system for PT. PERTAMINA EP Zona 4 di SPG Kuang
2. REFERENCES
The latest revision of applicable sections of the codes, standards
and specifications listed below (including addenda and documents
incorporated by reference) is considered an integral part of this
specification. Where two or more references define requirements for
the same subject, the more restrictive reference shall govern.
NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION
NFPA 10 "Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers"
NFPA 11 "Standard for Low-, Medium-, and High-Expansion
Foam"
NFPA 12 "Standard on Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing
System"
NFPA 13 "Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler
Systems"
NFPA 14 "Standard for the Installation of Standpipe and
Hose Systems"
NFPA 15 "Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire
Protection"
NFPA 16 "Standard for the Installation of Foam-Water
Sprinkler and Foam-Water Spray Systems"
NFPA 17 "Standard for Dry Chemical Extinguishing
Systems"
NFPA 20 "Standard for the Installation of Stationary
Pumps for Fire Protection"
NFPA 22 "Standard for Water Tanks for Private Fire
Protection"
NFPA 24 "Standard for the Installation of Private Fire Service
Mains and Their Appurtenances"
NFPA 30 "Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code"
NFPA 59A "Standard for the Production, Storage, and
Handling of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)"
NFPA 72 "National Fire Alarm Code"
NFPA 2001 "Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing
Systems"
AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE (API)
API 2001 7 th ed 1998 “Fire Protection in Refineries”
API 2021 3 rd ed 1991 “Fighting Fires in and around Flammable and
Combustible Liquid Atmospheric Storage Tanks”
API 2030 2 nd ed 1998 “Application of Fixed Water Spray System for
Fire Protection System in Petroleum Industry”
PROJECT DOCUMENT GENERAL DOCUMENT & PHILOSOPHY
900-PHI-004 “ Plant Layout Philosophy”
900-PHI-2007 “ Hazard Detection and Monitoring Design Basis &
Philosophy”
DNGF-PR-200-DBS-1002 “ Safety in Design and Loss Prevention
Philosophy”
DNGF-PR-200-SDY-1008 “Emergency Shutdown Study”
DNGF-EL-200-ARE-1001 “Hazardous Area Classification for Donggi Wellpad
Cluster-1”
DNGF-EL-200-ARE-1002 “Hazardous Area Classification for Donggi Wellpad
Cluster-2”
DNGF-EL-200-ARE-1003 “Hazardous Area Classification for Donggi Wellpad
DNG-3”
DNGF-EL-200-ARE-1004 “Hazardous Area Classification for Donggi Wellpad
DNG-5” DNGF-EL-200-ARE-1005 “Hazardous Area Classification for Donggi
Gas Production Facility”
DNGF-EL-700-ARE-1006 “Hazardous Area Classification for Donggi Facility At
Senoro”
GOVERNMENT REGULATION
SNI-03-6570-2001 “Instalasi pompa yang dipasang tetap untuk proteksi
kebakaran”
SNI-03-6574-2001 “Tata Cara Perancangan Pencahayaan Darurat,
Tanda Arah dan System Peringatan Bahaya Pada
Bangunan Gedung”
SNI-03-7053-2004 “Kendaraan dan Peralatan Pemadam Kebakaran –
Pompa”
Kepmen PU No. 10/KPTS/2000 “Ketentuan Teknis Pengamanan Terhadap
Bahaya Kebakaran Pada Bangunan Gedung dan
Lingkungan” Permenaker No.
Per.04/Men/1980 “Syarat-Syarat Pemasangan dan Pemeliharaan Alat
Pemadam Api Ringan” 2
3. DESIGN PHILOSOPHY
3.1 Single Fire/Flammable Liquids or Gas Leak Risk
The fire fighting system is planned on the assumption that there will
be a single major fire or major leak of flammable liquids at a
time in block station and fires will not occur simultaneously
at different places in the same time at block station
(single jeopardize concept ).
3.2 Self Supporting System
The fire fighting system is based on the assumption that the block
station always permanently operate by operation persons for
24 hours continue and the fire mitigate by operation person
who in charge at the time using permanent fire protection
equipment which are available in the plant include fire water hydrant,
deluge system, foam system, dry chemical, or other fire
extinguisher based on the fire sources and location of fire. Fire
man using fire truck and no external fire fighting resources will be
supported by request from operation person.
3.3 Fire Fighting Agents T
The following fire fighting agents shall be considered as the
basis of fire fighting system design:
1) Water Water is applied for extinguishing fire, controlling fire
intensity, prevention of fire to cool down equipment exposed to
heat radiation by fire. Water should not be applied for
controlling fire intensity at electricity equipment such as
Switchgear, MCC, Voltage Regulator, and also should not be
applied into cryogenic liquid and fires because it will accelerate
the vaporization speed.
2) Foam Foam is an aggregate of air-filled bubbles formed from
aqueous solutions and is lower in density than flammable
liquids. It is used principally to form a cohesive floating
blanket on flammable and combustible liquids and
prevents or extinguishes fire by excluding air and cooling the
fuel. It also prevents re-ignition by suppressing formation of
flammable vapors. It has the property of adhering to surfaces,
which provides a degree of exposure protection from adjacent
fires.
3) Dry Chemical (portable and wheeled ) A dry chemical
extinguishing agent is powdered materials consist of Sodium
Bicarbonate or Potassium Bicarbonat. It is noted that there is a
possibility of re- flash of flammable material after extinction by
dry chemical. NFPA 10 for portable dry chemical extinguishers,
NFPA 11 for combined agent systems, and NFPA 17 for fixed
dry chemical system shall be used as a minimum
guideline.
4) Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing System Clean agent gas is
effective to extinguish fires in an enclosed space for
electrical installations, instrument/computer, sub-floor or
ceiling cable plenums and special machinery, where water
application is not permissible. When applying inert gas into such
enclosed space, the asphyxiation hazard to personnel
must be recognized and addressed .
3.4 Material Classification
Primary material will be processed on Gas Processing Facilities
are hydrocarbon gas and condensate.
1) Hydrocarbon Gas & Fuel Gas
Main Composition : Methane
Mole Fraction : 0.8267 - 0.9429
Boiling Point : ± -192.7 (Based on hysys
simulation)
Flash Point : -188 ºC (for pure methane)
Auto Ignition Temperature : 537 ºC (for pure
methane)
LEL : 5 - 15% (for pure methane)
Classification : Flammable Gas
2) Condensate
Main Composition : n Pentane – C 11 +
Mole Fraction : ± 95.03 % (Total fraction from n
Pentane to C 11 +)
Boiling Point : ± 8 ºC (Based on hysys simulation)
Flash Point : 29.48 ºC
LEL : 0.8 – 2.6 % (Decane properties)
Classification : Flammable Liquid Class – 3
4. SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
The fire fighting systems for the Plant will consist of the followings:
1) Fire Water Supply System
- Fire Water Pond
- Fire Water Pumps (Electric motor driven & diesel
engine driven) and Jockey Pumps
- Fire Water Ring
2) Outdoor Fire Fighting System
- Fire Water Hydrant
- Fixed Fire Water monitor
- Hose Box
- Spray System
- Foam System
- Portable/Wheeled Fire Extinguishers
3) Indoor Fire Fighting System
- Portable Fire Extinguisher
- Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing System (fixed type)
- Sprinkler System
4) Fire Alarm & Gas Detection System
- Fire & Gas Detector
- Manual Alarm Call Point
- Siren & Beacon
- Fire & Gas Panel
- Fire Alarm Panel
9. FIREPROOFING
Fireproofing as a passive fire protection is needed to prevent steel
(legs, skirts) of certain equipment from rupture, collapse when exposed
to fire. Detail philosophy and specification for fireproofing refer to
document DNGF-CV-900-SPE-1008 “Specification For Fireproofing Of
Structure and Equipment”.