[This question paper contains 6 printed pages.

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Sr. No. of Question Paper : 6917 FC-z Your Roll No.....,..........

Unique Paper Code '. 3237 5201

Name of the Paper : Introductory Probability

Name of the Course : B.Sc. (Hons) Statistics / B.A. (llons.) / B.Com. (Hons.)
undcr CBCS - GE

Semester : tI

Duration : 3llours Maximum Marks : 75

Instructions for Candidatcs

l. Write your Roll No. on the top immediately on receipt of this question paper.
2. Section A is compulsory.
3. Attempt any five questions, selecting at least two questions from each ofthe
sections B and C.
4. Use of simple calculator is allowed.

SECTION _ A

I . Answer the following :

(i) If X and Y are independent random variables, then Cov(X, Y): .

(r)
-
(ii) Let F(l) = 0.5, F(2):0.4, F(3) : 0.7 and F(4) = 1.0. Can F(x) serve
as distribution iunction of r.v. with the range 1,2,3 and 4. State the
reason. (l)

2
(iii) AandBareeventssuchthat n(eua) =], r(e^e) =| "na.1o'i .,
Find P(B) (1)

P.7.O.
6917 2

(iv) If Cov(X, Y) = -30 and mean of X and Y is 12 and 8 respectively, then

E(xY) = (t)

(v) Define ahnost sure convergence. (t)

(vi) Narne the discrete distributions for which mean is equal to variance and
rnean is less than variance. (2)

(vii) If X is a Poisson variate with m.C.f M, (t) = , rhen p(X : 2) :

"'1"'-'1
(2)

(viii) If X and Y are independent r.v.'s with Fx =3, pv =5,oi =8 and o," = 12,
then obtain mean and variance of U = X + 3y. (2)

(ix) If A and B are mutually exclusive events with P(A) = 0.37, and P(B) = 0.44,
then P(B')=_and P(A.\ B') = (2)

(x) What is the smallest value of k in Chebyshev's theorem for which the
probability that a random variable will take on a value between p - ko and
!t + ko is atleast 0.99 '! (:2)

SECTION _ B

2 (a) State Bayes theorem. A seed packaging company purchases 40% of their
bean seeds from supplier A and 60Yo from supplier B and mixes these seeds
together. Bean seeds from supplier A have an 857o germination rate and
those from supplier B have a 75o% germination rate.

(i) Find the probability that a seed selected at random from the mixed
seeds will germinate.

(ii) Given that a seed germinates, find the probabitity that the seed was
purchased from supplier A.
69L7 3

(b) A biology professor has two graduate assistants helping her with her research.
The probability that the.older of thb two assistants will be absent on any
given day is 0.08, the probability that the younger of the two will be absent
on any given day is 0.05, and the probability that they will both be absent
on any given day is 0.02. Find the probabilities that

(i) Either or both ofthe graduates assistants will be absent on any given
duy;

(ii) At least one of the two graduate assistants will not be absent on any
given day;

(iii) Only one of the two graduate assistants will be absent on any given
dov. (6,6)

3 . (a) Consider a t-unction :

x for0<x<1
2
1 forl<x<2
r(*) = 2'
3-x for2<x<3
2
0 elsewhere

(i) Show that f(x) is the probability density function ofX.

(ii) Determine distribution function F(x). Hence evaluate p(X > 2.5).

(iii) Compute P(1.5 < X < 2 5).

(b) IfX has the distribution function:

P.T.O.
 6917 4

0 forx<-1
1 for-1<x<1 a
4
r(,) = 1 for 1<x<3
2
1 for3<x<5
4
1 for x>5

(i) Obtain p.m.f. of X.

(ii) Compute P(X < 3) and P(-0.4 < X < 4).

(iii) Compute mean and variance of X. (8,4)

1 (a) Given that X has the probability mass tunction ,(r) = for x = 0, 1, 2,
* [:)
and 3, find the moment generating function ofrandom variable X and hence
find its mean and variance.

(b) Let the probability density function of the random variable y be given by

r(v)=
k(y+t), for 2<y<4
0 elsewhere.
a

(i) Obtain the value of k.

(ii) Find E[(3Y+2)'2] and Var(3Y + 5) (s,7)

SECTION - C

5 (a) State Lindeberg-Levy central limit theorem. Let X,, Xr, ..., X" be the
sequence of independent random variables with distribution defined as

f (X. = tt") = 112 . Examine whether the central limit theorem holds.
6917 5

(b) State Chebyshev's inequality. llX is the number scored in a throw ofa pair
of die, show that the Chebyshev's inequality gives P(lX 1t | > 2.5\ < 0.41 ,
where p is the mean of X, while the actual probabitity is l/3. (6,6)

6 (a) In the instant lottery with 20%o winning tickets, if X is equal to the number
of winning tickets out of 8 tickets purchased, what is the distribution of X ?

Also find the probdbility of purchasing 2 winning tickets ?

(b) Let X be a r.v. fbllowing binomial distribution r,i,ith pararneters n:8 and
p : 0.4. Derive the m.g.f. of X and lience obtain the m.g.f. of Y - X - 3.

(c) lf X is a Poisson variate with parameter )" such that P(X = 1) = P(X = 2)
then find P(X = 3). (4,4,4)

7. (a) If X is a r.v. having iI geornetric distribution then show that

r,(V=tlX>k) = P(X=t) , where Y : X - k. Which property of geometric

distribution does it depict ?

(b) The random variables Xi (i - l, 2, 3, 4) are independent and identically

distributed with p.d.f.

r(x)=J#e.,[ %{)
Obtain the distribution of (i) V= lIa i=t *, , and (ii) W = 2Xr- 3X, + Xr.
(7,s)

8. (a) A random variable X has a Gamma distribution and its p.d.f. is given by

r (*) = "-'e-vo, for x>0

F"r-G)x

P.T.O
69 t7 6

Prove that the rth moment of x about the origin is

, B'f (cr + r)
Ir
' t'(")
Hencc Ilnd its mean and variance

(b) li X is Uniformly distributcd with mean 2 and variance l/3. Find P(X < 2.5)

(c) Define hypergeometric distribution. Find its mean How does it differ from
binomial distribution ? (4,4,4)

(400)