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Oracle DB - Day 16

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5 views

Oracle DB - Day 16

Uploaded by

suresh
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Oracle Database Administration Training Series – Day 16

Oracle Enterprise Manager (OEM)

Oracle Enterprise Manager (OEM) is a powerful management and monitoring tool used by DBAs to
manage Oracle databases, applications, and infrastructure. It provides a centralized platform for
monitoring, configuring, and managing Oracle environments.

1. Monitoring Databases Using OEM

OEM offers a comprehensive view of the database's performance, availability, and configuration.
Here’s how it works:

Key Features of Monitoring

1. Performance Monitoring:

o View database performance metrics in real-time.

o Track CPU, memory, I/O usage, and session activity.

o Analyze SQL execution plans and identify bottlenecks.

2. System Health:

o Monitor instance status (e.g., open, mount, or down).

o Check tablespace usage, undo tablespace status, and control file health.

3. Diagnostic Dashboards:

o Access performance hubs and analyze historical data using Automatic Workload
Repository (AWR) reports.

o Use SQL Tuning Advisor to optimize poorly performing SQL queries.

4. Database Configuration:

o Manage initialization parameters and database configuration files.

o Track changes and compare configurations across databases.

Practical Scenario: CHAIWALA Airline Reservation System Monitoring

• Problem: High latency in retrieving passenger booking details.

• OEM Use:

o Navigate to the Performance Hub to monitor SQL activity.

o Identify slow queries using the Top SQL Reports feature.

o Use SQL Tuning Advisor to optimize slow-performing queries.

o Ensure no tablespaces are nearing full capacity.

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2. Setting Up Alerts and Notifications

OEM enables proactive monitoring by allowing you to define alerts and receive notifications when
specific thresholds are crossed.

Steps to Set Up Alerts

1. Login to OEM Console: Access the OEM web interface and connect to the target database.

2. Navigate to Monitoring Templates:

o Go to the Targets menu and select the database you want to monitor.

o Click on Monitoring > Monitoring Templates.

3. Define Metrics and Alerts:

o Specify the metric you want to monitor (e.g., tablespace usage, database availability,
blocking sessions).

o Set warning and critical thresholds. Example:

▪ Warning: Tablespace usage > 80%.

▪ Critical: Tablespace usage > 95%.

4. Enable Notifications:

o Set up an Email Notification Rule.

o Navigate to Setup > Notifications > Email.

o Provide the SMTP server details and email recipients.

5. Test the Configuration:

o Trigger a test alert (e.g., fill a test tablespace) to ensure the notification is sent
correctly.

Practical Scenario: EMIRATES Airline Booking System Alerts

• Scenario: A sudden surge in bookings during a promotional campaign leads to high database
CPU usage.

• Solution Using OEM:

o Set alerts for CPU utilization exceeding 85%.

o Notify the DBA team via email or SMS.

o Use the Performance Hub to throttle or distribute session load across instances if
using Oracle RAC.

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3. Advanced Features

Fleet Management:

• Monitor multiple databases, applications, and servers in a centralized console.

Incident Management:

• Automatically create and track incidents based on alerts.

• Integrate with ServiceNow or other ITSM tools.

Patch Management:

• Identify databases that require critical updates.

• Automate patch deployment across multiple targets.

Benefits of Using OEM

1. Centralized Monitoring:

o Manage and monitor multiple databases from one interface.

2. Proactive Alerting:

o Detect and resolve issues before they impact end-users.

3. Comprehensive Insights:

o Historical and real-time performance data helps in troubleshooting.

4. Improved Performance:

o Optimize SQL and resource usage to ensure smooth database operations.

Real-Time Issues and Resolutions in an BRITISH Airline System

1. Issue: Frequent Deadlocks During Peak Hours

o Resolution:

▪ Set up an alert for blocking sessions in OEM.

▪ Use the Blocking Sessions Report to identify and resolve contention.

2. Issue: Tablespace Running Out of Space

o Resolution:

▪ Create an alert for tablespace usage > 90%.

▪ Add space or autoextend the tablespace before it impacts bookings.

3. Issue: Slow Boarding Pass Generation

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o Resolution:

▪ Use SQL monitoring in OEM to identify inefficient queries.

▪ Optimize the query or implement indexing.

Best Practices for Using OEM

1. Regularly Review Alerts:

o Avoid alert fatigue by customizing thresholds based on business requirements.

2. Use AWR and ADDM Reports:

o Analyze historical data for recurring issues and plan improvements.

3. Automate Routine Checks:

o Set up daily health check jobs to monitor database status.

4. Secure OEM Access:

o Implement role-based access controls to ensure only authorized users can view or
modify settings.

Oracle Enterprise Manager simplifies database monitoring and management, ensuring high
availability and performance, which is critical for systems like airline reservations. By leveraging its
features, DBAs can proactively resolve issues, minimize downtime, and provide a seamless user
experience.

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