Municipality of Laurel Comprehensive Land & Water Use Plan and Zoning Ordinance (2013–2022)

Table of Contents

Title Page

1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 1
2 PHYSICAL AND NATURAL RESOURCES/ENVIRONMENT 2
2.1 Location, Land Area and Political Subdivision 2
2.2 Topography and Slope 6
2.3 Geology and Soils 6
2.4 Climate 7
2.5 Rainfall 8
2.6 Tides 8
2.7 Tsunamis 8
2.8 Temperature 9
2.9 Relative Humidity 9
2.10 Resources 9
2.10.1 Land Resources 9
2.10.2 Mineral Resources 10
2.10.3 Water Resources 10
2.10.4 Forest Management 10
2.11 Natural Hazards/Constraints 11
2.11.1 Flooding 12
2.11.2 Erosion and Landslide 12
2.11.3 Volcanic Hazard 12
2.11.4 Typhoon 12
2.11.5 Faults 12
2.12 Solid Waste and Waste Water Facilities 13
Analysis Matrix 15
3 DEMOGRAPHY 30
3.1 School Going Population 30
3.2 Working Age Population 31
3.3 Dependent Population 31
3.4 Labor Force and Employment 32
3.5 Population Distribution 32
3.6 Urban-Rural Household Population 32
3.7 Population Density 34
3.8 Hierarchy of Settlements/Barangays 36
3.9 Historical Growth of Population 36
3.10 Fertility and Mortality 37
3.11 Marital Status 37
3.12 Religious Affiliation 37
3.13 Literacy Rate 38
4 SOCIAL SECTOR 44
4.1 Education 44
Analysis Matrix - Education 49
4.2 Health and Sanitation 49
4.2.1 Health Resources 49
4.2.2 Burial Ground 53
Analysis Matrix - Health and Sanitation 54
4.3 Housing 54
Analysis Matrix - Housing 60

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Table of Contents

Title Page

.4 Social Welfare Services 60

Analysis Matrix - Social Welfare Services 63
4.5 Protective Services 64
4.5.1 Facilities and Manpower 64
Analysis Matrix - Protective Services 67
4.6 Sports and Recreation 68
Analysis Matrix - Sports And Recreation 72
5 ECONOMIC SECTOR 72
5.1 Agriculture 72
5.1.1 Crop Production 72
5.1.2 Livestock and Poultry Production 73
5.1.3 Fisheries and Aquaculture 73
Analysis Matrix 78
Analysis Matrix - Agriculture 80
5.2 Commerce and Trade 80
Analysis Matrix - Economy 82
Analysis Matrix - Commerce and Trade 83
5.3 Industry 83
Analysis Matrix - Industry 84
5.4 Tourism 84
Analysis Matrix - Tourism 87
6 INFRASTRUCTURE SECTOR 88
6.1 Transportation 88
Analysis Matrix 96
6.2 Power 97
Analysis Matrix 98
6.3 Water 98
Analysis Matrix 102
6.4 Information and Communication Technology 102
6.4.1 Postal Service 102
Analysis Matrix 103
7 LOCAL INSTITUTIONAL CAPABILITY 103
7.1 Local Government Code 103
7.2 Political Unit 103
7.3 Local Planning & Plan Implementation Structure 104
7.3.1 Organizational Structure 104
7.3.2 Employee Distribution 107
7.3.3 Institutional and Legal Framework 107
7.4 Local Fiscal Management 108
7.4.1 Status of Financial Health 108
7.5 Development Legislations 111
7.6 LGU-CSO-Private Sector Linkages 113
7.6.1 Cooperatives 113
7.6.2 People’s Organizations 114
Analysis Matrix 115

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List of Figures

Title Page

Figure 1 Location Map 3

Figure 2 Laurel Political Boundary Map 4
Figure 3 The PAMB-TVPL Management Plan coverage 5
Figure 4 Secondary Tide Stations 8
Figure 5 Comparison of Relative Humidity and Precipitation of Batangas 9
Figure 6 Elevation Map 17
Figure 7 Slope Map 18
Figure 8 Geological Map 19
Figure 9 Soil Map 20
Figure 10 Existing Land and Water Use Map (CY 2012) 21
Figure 11 Existing Urban Land and Water Use Map (CY 2012) 22
Figure 12 River Network Map 23
Figure 13 Climate Map 24
Figure 14 Flood Prone Map 25
Figure 15 Landslide Map 26
Figure 16 Taal Volcano Base Surge Hazard Map 27
Figure 17 Taal Volcano Seiches/Lakewater Oscillation Hazard Map 28
Figure 18 Volcanic Eruption Danger Zone Map 29
Figure 19 Municipal Government of Laurel's Organizational Structure (Plantilla) 105
Figure 20 Municipal Government of Laurel's Organizational Structure (Actual) 106
Figure 21 Assets and Liabilities (in PhP), 2014 109
Figure 22 Income and Expenses (in PhP) 2014 109
Figure 23 Income, Expenses, and Excess/Deficit (in PhP), 2005-2014 111

List of Graphs
Title Page

Graph 8 Population Composition by School-Age, Working-Age, Dependent- 31

Age Group and Sex, Year 2007
Graph 10 Household Population by Urban and Rural Barangay and Average 33
Household Size, Year 2010
Graph 11 Urbanization Level for the Past 20 Years 34
Graph 12 Population Density by Barangay, Year 2010 35
Graph 13 Historical Growth of Population 36
Graph 19A Population Projection by Barangay (Urban) 40
Graph 19B Population Projection by Barangay (Rural) 40
Graph 20A Household Population Projection by Barangay (Urban) 42
Graph 20B Household Population Projection by Barangay (Rural) 42

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List of Tables
Title Page
Table 1 Total Land Area and Topographical Classification per Barangay 3
Table 2 Slope Classification 6
Table 3 Aggregate rate of the most frequent hazards 11
Table 4 Solid Waste Generation by Source, Year 2010 14
Table 5 Methods of Solid Waste Disposal/Treatment, Year 2009 14
Table 6 Wastewater Generation by Source and Treatment/Disposal Methods, 14
Year 2010
Table 7 Population Distribution by Age Group And Gender (CY 2000 vs. CY 2007) 30
Table 8 Population Composition by School-Age, Working-Age, Dependent-Age Group and 31
Sex, Year 2007
Table 9 Labor Force Population By Sex and Employment Status, Year 2009 32
Table 10 Household Population by Urban and Rural Barangay and Average Household Size, 32
Year 2010
Table 11 Urbanization Levels for the Past 20 Years 33
Table 12 Population Density by Barangay, Year 2010 35
Table 13 Historical Growth of Population 36
Table 14 Crude Birth Rate (CBR) and Crude Death Rate (CDR) for the Last Five Years 37
Table 15 Household Population 10 Years Old & Over by Age Group, Sex, 37
Marital Status and Municipality, CY 2007
Table 16 Population by Religious Affiliation, Year 2009 38
Table 17 Literacy Rate of Population 10 years old and Over, by Sex, Year 2000 & 2009 38
Table 18 Projected Population and Households 38
Table 19 Population Projection by Barangay, Year 2011-2022 39
Table 20 Projected Number of Households by Urban-Rural Barangay 41
Table 21 Projected Population By Age-Group 43
Table 22 Projected School-Age Population, Labor Force, and Dependent Population 44
Table 23 Schools by Level, Type, Facilities and Conditions* - SY 2010-2011 45
Table 24 Student-Teacher and Student-Classroom Ratio by Level, SY 2011 47
Table 25 Historical Enrollment by Level for the Last 3 School Years 47
Table 26 Projected Classroom, Teacher Requirements in Public Schools by Level 48
Table 27 Historical Enrollment Participation Rate for the Last Five (5) Years 48
Table 28 General Health Situation for the Last Five (5) Years 51
Table 29 Medical Health Facilities and Personnel, Year 2010 51
Table 30 Ten Leading Causes of Morbidity for the Last Three (3) Years 52
Table 31 Ten Leading Causes of Mortality for the Last Three (3) Years 52
Table 32 Existing Cemeteries, Year 2010 53
Table 33 Number of Households in Occupied Housing Units by Type of Toilet Facilities, 53
Year 2009
Table 34 Housing Situation for the Last Three (3) Censal Years 56
Table 35 Housing Backlog, Year 2010 56
Table 36 Informal Settlement Areas, Year 2009 56
Table 37 Inventory of Residential Subdivisions, Year 2011 57
Table 38 Resettlement Areas, Year 2009 58
Table 39 Housing Facilities and Utilities Situation, Year 2009 58
Table 40 Owner Households in Occupied Housing Units by Tenure Status of Housing 58
Units and Lots
Table 41 Inventory of Potential Lands for Housing, Year 2011 58

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List of Tables
Title Page
Table 42 Current and Project Housing Need 59
Table 42a New units needed due to backlog 59
Table 42b New units needed due to population growth 59
Table 42c Summary of New Units Due to Backlog and Population Growth 59
Table 43 Historical Number of Population Served by Type of Clientele System 63
Table 44 Barangay Tanod by Type of Service, Year 2010 65
Table 45 Crime Incidence by Barangays by Type, by Sex of Offender for the Last Five 65
(5) Years
Table 46 Crime Incidence from 2007-2011 67
Table 47 Current and Projected Requirement for Police and for Firemen 67
Table 48 Existing Sports and Recreational Facilities by Barangay, Year 2010 69
Table 49 Potential Sports/Recreation Facility, Year 2011 70
Table 50 Required Land Area Of A Recreation Or Sports Facility And The Area Available 71
Table 51 Existing Major Agricultural Crops by Area, Production and Market, Year 2010 75
Table 52 Comparative Agricultural Crop, Areas and Production, Year 2008-2009 75
Table 53 Existing Livestock and Poultry Farms, Year 2011 76
Table 54 Demand & Supply Projection and Analysis 77
Table 55 Existing Fishing Grounds and Aquaculture Production, Year 2011 78
Table 56 Existing Agricultural Support Facilities and Services, Year 2010 78
Table 57 Major and Minor Agricultural Occupations/Groups and Urban and Rural Areas, 79
Year 2007
Table 58 Agrarian Related Concerns, Year 2010 79
Table 59 Comparative Area Utilization of Significant Agricultural Activities 79
Table 60 List of Business Permits Issued by Type 81
Table 61 Inventory of Commercial Establishments by Economic Activities 81
Table 62 Employment by Type/Classification/Type of Business and Trade 81
Table 63 Existing Programs and Plans for Commerce and Trade, Year 2011 82
Table 64 Potential Tourist Attractions in the Locality 86
Table 65 Inventory of Roads by System Classification and Type of Pavement, Year 2011 91
Table 66 Inventory of Bridges by Location, Type, Capacity and Condition, Year 2011 94
Table 67 Inventory of Ancillary Road Facilities, Year 2011 94
Table 68 Location of Ancillary Road Facilities, Year 2011 94
Table 69 Land Transportation Terminals by Location and Condition, Year 2010 95
Table 70 Road Accidents by Nature, Location and Frequency for the Past 3 Years 95
Table 71 Households Served and Un-served by Electricity, Year 2009 97
Table 72 Number of Connections by Type of Users and Average Consumption (KwH/Mo.) 98
Table 73 Water Supply System by Type and Number of Population Served, Year 2009 101
Table 74 Communication Services Facilities, Year 2010 102
Table 75 Transport Related Projects, Approved/Funded for Implementation 102
Table 76 Number of Personnel per Nature of Employment, 2017 107
Table 77 Number of Plantilla Personnel, 2017 107
Table 78 Breakdown of Municipal Income and Expenses per Type and Excess/ 110
Deficit (PhP), 2004-2014
Table 79 Summary of Municipal Income, Expenses, and Excess/Deficit (PhP), 111
Laurel, Batangas, 2004-2014
Table 80 Resolutions and Ordinances enacted by the Legislative Department, 112
January 2013-March 2015
Table 81 Organizations divided per Type and Year of Accreditation, 2013-2015 113

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1. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

Long time ago, this place was originally known as Bugain (from the word “BUGA” – a
black cinder formed from fly ashes during Taal Volcano eruption) with very few settlers and a
remote barrio of Talisay.

After the year 1911 volcano eruption, some changes took place, the human
population grew up and agricultural cultivation began as their primary source of livelihood.
During that time, people here had no access leading to some other places except for foot trails
along the ridge or shoreline while several bamboo rafts and bancas were the only means of
transportation. However, such kind of condition was not a hindrance to enable the place and
its people to grow peacefully and progressively. The old folks called the flat area as Nayon ng
BAYUYUNGAN (derived from the word “Bayong” which means a native rice bag woven from
buri palm) and became the center of all other barrios.

Messrs. Jose Macaraig, Mr. Placido T. Amo (both deceased) and Mr. Severino Amo
took initiative to have the people of barrios Berinayan, Balakilong, As-is, San Gabriel, Bugaan,
Buso-buso, Ticub and Bayuyungan signed a petition to make this an independent town with its
own governing body. It was first endorsed to former Senator Maria Kalaw Katigbak who in
turn presented the same to ex-President Diosdado Macapagal. When Mr. Placido T. Amo
was elected Vice Mayor of the municipality of Talisay, the late Jose Macaraig continued to
follow up the papers of Bayuyungan whose people were really determined to make it a new
town but during that time a barrio can be converted into a town only upon approval of the
Congress and not through Presidential Proclamation.

Vice Mayor Placido T. Amo then presented the issue to Mayor Amando Laurel and
the Municipal Councilors as well, who in turn forwarded a resolution to the late Batangas
Governor Feliciano Leviste. The Provincial Board responsively endorsed a resolution to
former speaker of the House Hon. Jose B. Laurel, Jr. and finally through House Bill No. 17628
and Republic Act No. 5689 dated June 21, 1969, the Municipality of Laurel (in honor of the
late Jose P. Laurel, Sr.) was created with seven (7) barrios while barrio Bayuyungan became
the Poblacion area.

The first set of officials acted on November 8, 1971 with Hon. Placido T. Amo
(deceased) as Mayor, Hon. Deogracias J. Natanauan (deceased) as Vice Mayor and Hon.
Pascual Bihis, Hon. Galicano Barrion (deceased), Hon. Severino Endaya, Hon. Alipio Canta
(deceased) and Hon. Gemeniano Palomeno acted as Municipal Councilors.

The Municipality of Laurel celebrated its first Foundation Day on March 9, 1972, in
commemoration of the birth anniversary of the late Jose P. Laurel, Sr. Thereafter, the
Municipality became prosperous and progressive with a total area of 7,129.29 hectares
envisioned for AGRI-ECO-TOURISM.

Such is the brief history of how a known Barrio Bayuyungan long aspiring to have a
government of its own by being an independent town, is now popularly known as the
MUNICIPALITY OF LAUREL.

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2. PHYSICAL AND NATURAL RESOURCES/ENVIRONMENT

2.1 LOCATION, LAND AREA AND POLITICAL SUBDIVISION

The Municipality of Laurel formed part of the Province of Batangas in the
Southern Tagalog Region (IV-A). It is one of several towns along the shores of Taal Lake.
Laurel is in fact located on the caldera of the old Taal Volcano. It is bounded on the north
by Tagaytay City and Alfonso (Cavite), on the east by Taal Lake, on the south by
Agoncillo and Lemery (both in Batangas), on the west by Calaca and Nasugbu
(Batangas). It is located by geographical coordinates of 12 degrees 4' latitude and 120
degrees 127' longitude.

With a total land area of 7,129.29 hectares, Laurel has 21 barangays in which five
are urban (292.95 ha.) and sixteen are rural (6,836.34 ha.) These barangays are further
classified according to their physical topography where they are located, such as the
lakeshore barangays, the midland and the upland barangays (Table 1).

The lakeshore barangays are Berinayan, Leviste, Balakilong, Poblacions 3 and 4,

Bugaan East, Gulod and Buso-Buso. The midland barangays are Poblacion 1, 2, 5,
Molinete, As-is, San Gabriel, Ticub, and Bugaan West. Lastly the highland barangays are
Niyugan, Paliparan, Dayap Itaas, Sta. Maria, and San Gregorio. See Barangay Boundary
Map.

Almost the whole area of the Municipality of Laurel is covered by the

management area that surrounds Taal Volcano Protected Landscape (TVPL) under the
National Integrated Protected Area System (NIPAS) by virtue of Proclamation No. 923
dated 19th November 1996. Implementation of the Rules and Regulations are governed by
RA 7586 otherwise known as the NIPAS Act. The Protected Area Management Board
(PAMB) was organized in consonance with Section 11 of the DENR Administrative Order
No. 1999-25.

The PAMB-TVPL Management Plan is supported by governing policies and

guidelines wherein development projects shall conform to basic requirements and
parameters prior to actual site execution.

In most cases, conservation and preservation of environment including its bio-

diversities are priority concerns rather than economic value may create after its
development but this is really the purpose of being a protected area.

On the other hand, selected development may be adopted in the area subject to
review of documents and compliance to environmental requirements defined by the
PAMB during the review process.

The declaration of policies and guidelines under this NIPAS Act compliments the
desired land use of the municipality towards agriculture and eco-tourism development. It
contributes a great value of the whole area as a result of its strict implementation in
respect to tourism development in consideration of protected environment and climate
change impacts.

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Figure 1. Location Map

Source : NAMRIA Map

Table 1. Total Land Area and Topographical Classification per Barangay

BARANGAY AREA Classification BARANGAY AREA (Has.) Classification

(Has.)
Rural Urban
As-is 459.1781 midland Poblacion 1 47.2109 midland
Balakilong 383.1838 lakeshore Poblacion 2 63.0091 midland
Berinayan 293.9482 lakeshore Poblacion 3 52.0512 lakeshore
Bugaan East 124.8446 lakeshore Poblacion 4 62.3124 lakeshore
Bugaan West 520.9504 midland Poblacion 5 68.3660 midland
Buso-buso 418.2109 lakeshore
Dayap Itaas 734.7273 upland
Gulod 107.7564 lakeshore
J. Leviste 225.5589 lakeshore
Molinete 222.2979 midland
Niyugan 480.2908 upland
Paliparan 427.0062 upland
San Gabriel 267.0584 midland
San Gregorio 812.9756 upland
Sta. Maria 611.3791 upland
Ticub 746.9726 midland
Sub-total 6836.3392 292.9496
Total 7129.2888
Source: Bureau of Lands, Cadastral Survey May 7, 1985, MPDC Office

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Figure 2. Laurel Political Boundary Map

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Figure 3. The PAMB-TVPL Management Plan coverage

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2.2 TOPOGRAPHY AND SLOPE

The municipality has a mix of topographic reliefs considering its location as old
the caldera of Taal Volcano. The northwestern most portion of the municipality is
mountainous. The central areas have gently sloping reliefs and valleys. The lakeshore
(southeastern part) areas are flat lands or plains. All urban barangays are located in this
lowland area.

Slope categories range from below 3% slope to above 50 %. Thirty five percent
of the whole municipality has an 8 to 18% slope. This is located in the midlands, in the
barangays of San Gabriel, Ticub, Gulod, Bugaan West, and Molinete. Thirty two percent
of the town’s land area is 3%-8%. These are the poblacion barangays including Bugaan
East. On the other hand, nineteen percent has an 18 to 30% slope. These are portions
of Bugaan West, Ticub, Sta. Maria, San Gregorio, Dayap-Itaas, As-is, Paliparan, Molinete,
Balakilong and Berinayan. Eight percent of the total area has a 30 to 50% slope. These
are portions of San Gregorio, Dayap Itaas, Paliparan, Niyugan, As-is, Molinete,
Balakilong, Leviste and Berinayan. Highest slopes above 50% are located right at the
Tagaytay Ridge. These are portions of Niyugan, Molinete and Leviste barangays.

Table 2. SLOPE CLASSIFICATION

Laurel, Batangas
Slope Category (%) Land Area (sq. m.) Percentage to Total Land Area
50 and above 1,730,474 2.43%
30 to 50 5,807,424 8.15%
18 to 30 13,526,984 18.97%
8 to 18 25,145,147 35.27%
3 to 8 22,508,289 31.57%
Below 3 2,574,569 3.61%
Total 71,292,888 100.00%
Source: BSWM

2.3 GEOLOGY AND SOILS

2.3.1 Quaternary & Volcanic Deposits

Considering that Laurel was once located on the caldera of the old Taal Volcano,
most widely distributed in the area is formation of volcanic rocks. They were formed by
active volcanic activities mainly after the diluvia epoch of the tertiary period from the Taal
volcanoes. Main constituent rocks are lava flow, and andesite and basalt, reccia and tuff.
They are deposited on foots of volcanoes and in shallows of coastal areas to form
plateaus or hills of low relief.

2.3.2 Soil Characteristics/Composition

There are four principal soil types in Laurel: Magallanes Loam, Taal Loam,
Tagaytay Loam and Tagaytay Sandy Loam.

These soils consist dominantly of Eutrantdepts and associated with smaller extent
Eutropepts.

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The Eutrandepts are moderately deep, well-drained dark brown to lack volcanic
soils that occur on gentle to steep slopes. The soil moisture content is generally dry for
the most part of the year. The mean annual soil temperature is 22 degrees centigrade or
higher. The soil temperature between hottest months and coldest months does not
exceed 5 degrees.

These soils have high permeability, high water holding capacity and low
stickiness. The Eutrandepts are relatively fertile soils. Organic matter content ranges
from 3-12%. The caution exchange capacity is moderate with values decreasing with
depth. Due to good physical properties, these soils are planted to a large number of
upland crops like rice, corn, vegetables, peanuts and tomatoes and tree crops like citrus,
cacao, coconut, papaya, coffee, lanzones and many others.

The Eutropepts are well to moderately drained dark yellowish brown dark brown,
yellow brown; deep to very deep alluvial soils with loam, silt loam, clay loam, silty clay
loam or sandy warm textures. These soils have high saturation and the content lasts for
90 cumulative days in a year.

Soil PH is medium acid to neutral. Base saturation is greater than 35 degrees

and caution exchange capacity is moderate to high. Their fertility ranges from moderate
to high. These soils are best suited to short seasonal crops like corn, tomatoes, beans
and cucumber.

2.3.2.1 Soil Erosion

According to the DENR-CALABARZON Study, Laurel has a high erosion potential

due to volcanic materials present mostly on the steep slopes or in the areas classified
as upland and midland.

2.4 CLIMATE
The climate of the municipality of Laurel is categorized as Type I in the Philippine
Climate Classification. It has two (2) pronounced seasons, dry from November to April,
and wet during the rest of the year. Maximum rain period is from June to September. The
driest months in the municipality are from January to April, with the average monthly
rainfall less than 50 mm. The northeast monsoon prevails, starting the months of
November up to April. Although originally moist, it becomes comparatively drier after
crossing the Sierra Madre Range to the north and east of Batangas, thus accounting for
predominantly dry weather during this period.

By May to the later part of October, the situation is reversed. The southwest
monsoon prevails bringing with it considerable rain. A pronounced maximum rain period
occurs in Batangas during the months of July, August and September when southwest
monsoon flow is steadiest and the average monthly rainfall is 275 mm per month. By the
end of October, the northeast monsoon starts to set again. However, the months from
October to December are not characterized by dry weather as compared to the months
from January to April. This is partly due to the fact that typhoons and depressions most
frequently affect the city during the months from October to December.

Figure 13 shows the climate map of the Philippines and its four types or
categories with Laurel falling under the 1st type.

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2.5 RAINFALL
Based on the data collected by the PAGASA station in Ambulong, average annual
rainfall in the Taal Lake and surrounding areas is 2117.5 mm. Annual average number of
rainy days is 140. Rainy season is from June to October with July as the rainiest month. The
average monthly precipitation over the year recorded at the Ambulong Synoptic Station.
Rainfall in Batangas varies from 156.0 to 1092.0 (mm/month)

2.6 TIDES
According to the Coast and Geodetic Survey Department of National Mapping and
Resource Information Authority (NAMRIA), the highest tide recorded at Batangas is about
1.86 meters as stated in Figure 4. Note that the heights listed on the table are in meters and
reckoned from the datum of soundings on charts of the locality which is mean lower low
water. The time meridian used is 1200 East. Midnight is written as 0000 and noon is 1200.

Figure 4. Secondary Tide Stations

The tidal benchmark is in Sta. Clara Pier, Batangas City, located inside the “Aids to
Navigation” Compound (Phil. Coast Guard) on the outer edge of the circular base of a concrete
lighthouse with spiral stairs about 12.19 m. high, behind the passengers waiting shed. The mark
is 0.95 cm. diameter brass rod set on the concrete base of the lighthouse.

2.7 TSUNAMIS
Tsunamis are waves that sweep across vast stretches of ocean to flood the land-
usually after an earthquake drops or lifts the ocean floor. However, the same phenomenon
can happen in rivers and lakes. Moreover, an ocean-going tsunami can roll up into a river
and cause a local tsunami.

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In 1749 on Taal, Batangas, a tsunami advanced up the Taal Lake. It was a based
surge-induced type of tsunami. This only proves that Tsunamis can occur in lakes.

2.8 TEMPERATURE
The average minimum and maximum temperature over the year recorded at the
PAGASA Synoptic Station at Tanauan, Batangas. The temperature in the Taal Lake Basin
fluctuate from a mean maximum of 34.9 0C to a mean minimum of 21.5 0C. Monthly mean
temperature varies from 26 0C to 29.5 0C with an annual mean of 27.1 0C.

2.9 RELATIVE HUMIDITY

Relative humidity in Batangas varies from 75 percent to as high as 96 percent. High
relative humidity occurs during the months of July to August. During this month, relative
humidity ranges from 90 percent to as high as 96 percent. While the months of January to
April, relative humidity is low. During this period humidity varies from 70 percent to 75
percent. Annual average value is 78 percent.

Figure 5 presents the comparison of the relative humidity of Batangas in connection

to its precipitation. Average annual humidity in the Taal Lake and its surrounding area is 78
percent. Humidity in the same area is high during the months of July to October. Humidity
values during these months vary from 82 percent to 84 percent.

Figure 5. Comparison of Relative Humidity and Precipitation of Batangas

2.10 RESOURCES
2.10.1 Land Resources

2.10.1.1 Land Classification

Based on the study conducted by DENR-CALABARZON (2011), 64.32% of the total land
area of Laurel is alienable and disposal while the remaining 35.58% are timberlands. The
municipality has a total of 2,536.31 hectares of timberland per LC Map 3552 dated July
25, 2007 under DAO 2000-18 which is divided into eight blocks. It is an open, broad leaf
forest and is primarily categorized as forestland due to its slope.

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2.10.2 Mineral Resources

Black sand and volcanic cinders are commonly found on the low-lying areas of the
municipality specifically in the water ways and Taal lake shorelines. The estimated
volume of extracted sand and cinders is approximately 500 cubic meters per day. These
non-metallic materials are commonly used for concrete mix and other commercial
purposes, not only in Batangas but as well transported in Metro Manila as well.

Black sand transport and extraction from some feasible areas are being regulated by the
Provincial Mining Regulatory Board of Batangas by virtue of a Special Permit under the
provision of the Implementing Rules and Regulation of Article IV (Mineral Resources) of
the Batangas Provincial Ordinance No. 07, Series of 2012 otherwise known as the
Batangas Environmental Code.

2.10.3 Water Resources

According to the Bureau of Mines and Geosciences, Laurel is underlain with

impermeable rocks generally without significant groundwater and has limited potential.
However, groundwater for domestic purposes is locally obtained. Laurel is also blessed
to have three (3) major water resources that are main tributaries of Taal lake, namely: the
Ambon-Ambon River, Malagaslas Spring and Tabangan River. The Ambon-Ambon River
and the Malagaslas Spring located in Brgy. Paliparan/San Gabriel are the main natural
attraction of the municipality. The northwestern part of the lake is identified as the
municipal water of Laurel and is being utilized for fish cage operations where fresh
bangus and tilapia are cultured. A total of 1,360 units of fish cages are allotted for this
kind of livelihood activity. It is regulated in the fish cage belt of the shoreline barangays.
As one of the municipalities encircling Taal Lake, Laurel is responsible for the protection
and management of the lake since it is home to many species of flora and fauna. There
are endemic species in the lake such as "Tawilis" (Sardinella tawilis) and the Taal Lake
Sea snake (based on the records of the Parks and Wildlife Bureau – PAWB). Other
endemic forms include blue green algae, sponge, ostracod, diatom, fish, and reptiles.

2.10.4 Forest Management

2.10.4.1 Current Situation

Critical Slopes and watersheds within the municipality exists a natural grown forest cover
which protects the ground from erosion, landslide, flooding in the downstream areas and
to sustain rivers and springs as the major tributaries of Taal Lake. Illegal logging, kaingin
system and unabated developments are serious treats of denudation if not properly
regulated.

As per DENRT DAO 2007-18, the municipality has been declared to have a production
forest of 2,440.30 hectares and a protection forest of 161.34 hectares.

2.10.4.2 Development Needs

In the municipality, there exist 161.34 hectares known as Forest Protection area which
covers the watershed of Malagaslas Spring, Ambon-Ambon River, Antona River, Salipit
Spring, Bugaan River, Tabangan River and Niyugan Spring. The aforementioned water
source should be preserved and conserved for the long term benefits of the whole

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population of the municipality for domestic, agriculture, tourism and commercial use.
Existing forest endemic trees shall be protected and take advantage of re-planting such
common trees actually adapted and grown all over the area rather than replacement to
another fast growing rare trees that are tempting to be cut for commercial or livelihood
uses or may even cause water depletion.

Forest marshal may be employed for the purpose of protection and enhancement as well
as guidelines and policies should be strictly implemented.

2.11 NATURAL HAZARDS/CONSTRAINTS

The most common hazards posing disaster to the Municipality of Laurel are flash
floods, landslides, volcanic eruption, typhoon earthquake, dengue and other related
diseases and scale insect. Historically, volcanic eruption ranked number 1 followed by flash
flood which during the previous assessment reports was high in occurrence. Scale insect
was another potential hazard that is emerging.

Vulnerability of barangays to hazards in the Municipality of Laurel is fueled by many

factors like poverty, food insecurity, illiteracy, unemployment, lack of awareness of risks,
health risks, destruction of infrastructure, poor governance, lack of institutional capacity
including the inability to enforce regulations.

Poverty is the overwhelming source of vulnerability evidenced by increasing number

of informal settlers in fishing communities which are threatened by flood hazard. Efforts to
relocate people or moving them to safer locations are being vehemently resisted, for fear of
losing their source of livelihood. By protecting livelihood means out-weighing dangers
posed by flooding into their lives.

Poor infrastructure impedes rapid delivery of assistance to communities during

disasters. Lack of capacity to respond to disasters timely tends to aggravate the
vulnerability of disaster victims.

The government has limited capacity to provide services to the public, particularly in
the areas of health, education, water and sanitation. This leaves the people vulnerable and
hence unable to cope with disasters.

Many of these factors increase vulnerability and risk to disasters which the
Municipality faces and need to address.

Table 3. Aggregate rate of the most frequent hazards

Hazard PROBABILITY IMPACT RATE (P+I)/2 Rank

VOLCANIC
4 5 4.5 1
ERUPTION
FLASH FLOOD 4 4 4 2
TYPHOON 4 4 4 3
FLOOD 3 3 3 4
EARTHQUAKE 2 4 3 5
SCALE INSECT 4 2 3 6
LANDSLIDE 2 3 2.5 7
DENGUE AND
OTHER RELATED 3 2 2.5 8
DISEASES
FISH KILL 1 2 1.5 9

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2.11.1 Flooding

Since Laurel is natural bowl shaped municipality, the water drains towards Taal Lake and
the poblacion area. The Poblacion area then becomes prone to flooding due to the
surface runoff from the mountains and increasing water level from the lake (Figure 14).

2.11.2 Erosion and Landslide

With the natural topography and geology of Laurel, barangays in the ridge area with
slopes of more than 50% are critically prone to erosions and landslides. Flash floods and
landslides were also experienced when the municipality was hit by typhoons Basyang,
Reming and Ondoy causing major damage to crops and properties and killed eight (8)
persons (Figure 15).

2.11.3 Volcanic Hazard

The Taal Volcano is still active to date, threatening the municipalities surrounding it
(Figure 17). Since 1542, the Taal volcano had 33 recorded eruptions. It’s more violent
eruptions occurred in 1749, 1754, 1911 and 1965. The 1911 eruption damaged almost
the whole area of volcano island and spewed ashes as far as to Manila.

2.11.4 Typhoon

Based on the “Weather Bureau Scientific Paper” by PAGASA, there are, on the average,
twenty-one (21) cyclonic disturbances (typhoons, storms or depressions) that affect the
Philippine Area of Responsibility every year. Every occurrence is usually accompanied
by rainy days. The frequency of occurrence of tropical cyclones over the Philippines is
not evenly distributed.

The Province of Batangas has a frequency of passage of tropical cyclone of 3 cyclones

in two years. According to the map of frequency of tropical cyclones in the Philippines,
the occurrence of cyclones in Batangas is frequent at 16 % of the total for the whole
country. It lies along probable path of tropical cyclones occurring during the month of
November and maybe affected by tropical cyclones occurring during the months of April,
May, June, October and December. Average annual wind speed is 11 kph with mean
monthly values varying from 7 to 1 kph. Maximum monthly wind speed of 13 kph occurs
in January and February. Minimum wind speed prevails in September.

In the Taal Lake Basin the dominant wind direction is the northeast monsoon (Amihan).
The “amihan” prevails during the months of January to April and from October to
December. The southwest monsoon on the other hand prevails during the months of May
to September. Average annual wind speed is 1 meter per second. Unless there is a
typhoon, Batangas is an excellent destination year-round. From January until April it
experiences the dry season.

2.11.5 Faults

The Marikina fault runs from the upper catchment area of the Marikina river through
Muntinlupa, all the way to the Taal Lake. This fault is still active and considered to be
strongly associated with the formation of the Taal Lake as well.

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2.12 SOLID WASTE AND WASTE WATER FACILITIES

2.12.1 Current Situation.

The LGU is operating a Material Recovery Facility located in Poblacion 1 on a rental

basis from the private owner. It is equipped with several machines being utilized for pulverizing
ordinary wastes, plastics and other forms of solid wastes to facilitate the process. This Material
Recovery Facility is being utilized as the main collection site and transfer center in Poblacion area
for final segregation process of solid waste. Recyclable materials are being sold to the LGU
accredited contractor while biodegradables are confined for composting and residuals are
brought to the Landfill Site in the Municipality of Taysan governed by a contract between the two
municipalities. Solid waste being collected by LGU primarily taken from the market, hospital,
schools in Laurel Central Schools and other commercial establishments along Lazaro Malabanan
Highway. Limited waste collections are done in the aforesaid establishment to encourage every
individual household member to implement the so called Re-use, Reduce-Recycle system of
waste management in their respective place. There is no strategic Landfill area identified for the
solid waste disposal system, thus every barangay is required to maintain each Material Recovery
Facility with the assistance of their Barangay Solid Waste Management Board. Hospital toxic and
hazardous wastes are being disposed in a sealed tank designed for that special purpose located
at Municipal MRF Site. Non-existence of an appropriate waste water treatment facility except in
individual septic tank in the urban core is a threat to the health of the community due to
contamination that may occur later on.

2.12.2 Future Needs.

The location of existing Municipal MRF cannot be utilized for a long period of time
because it is in the area of Poblacion and contiguous to urban expansion area. There is a need to
relocate the site probably in nearby barangay where the standard requirement could be met. The
Municipal Material Recovery could be utilized to show case the whole process of solid waste
management that would last to be more beneficial results to the people and its mandate.

Sprawling development in the elevated areas of the municipality are also a threat to
human health and eco-system in the low lying areas of Poblacion and adjacent barangays being
the catch basin zone of the municipality, thus strict regulation to implement the multi-chambered
septic tank should be followed for individual building. Major developments on the Planned Unit
Developments should establish their centralized sewage treatment facility before the final outfall
or discharge to the natural waterway could be done in coordination with the Department of Public
Works and Highways for the plan, management and operational standards on sewage and
septage requirements.

Requiring submission of appropriate design of multi-chambered septic tank is an integral

part of the permit or clearance to be issued by the LGU.

There is a need to establish a sewerage line and central waste water treatment facility in
Poblacion and nearby urban areas to ensure that waste water should be treated before the final
outfall to waterways and eventually the lake.

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Table 4. Solid Waste Generation by Source, Year 2010

Type of Volume of solid waste Volume of Solid waste Disposal
Disposal methods
Waste generated (kg./day) collected (kg./day) site
Domestic 300 300 Segregation, Material Recovery
Market 500 500 pulverizing Facility
Hospital 100 100
School 100 100
Source: GSO

Table 5. Methods of Solid Waste Disposal/Treatment, Year 2009

Methods Quantity (Total municipal No. of household Responsible
solid waste generated) serve agency/dep't/institution
Composted 64 510 GSO, SWMO
Recycled 30 245
Collected 6 50
Burned 750 6297
Segregated 20 168
Dumped to closed pit 10 81
Dumped to open pit 120 1004
Source: GSO

Table 6. Wastewater Generation by Source and Treatment/Disposal Methods,

Year 2010
Source Volume of Disposal Disposal site
wastewater methods/treatment
generated facilities
(tons/day)
Domestic 500 Segregation, MRF
Market 300 Pulverizing/MRF MRF
Hospital 100 MRF
School 100 MRF
Source: Primary Survey; Municipal Records

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ANALYSIS MATRIX

TECHNICAL IMPLICATION/EFFECTS POLICY

FINDINGS/OBSERVATIONS OPTIONS/INTERVENTIONS/POSSIBLE
SOLUTIONS
Declared alienable and Disturbances on the flora Taal Volcano Protected Landscape
disposable land with 18% and fauna in the forest Management Project and Upland
slope within Taal Volcano area. Decrease in development program
Protected Landscape (TVPL) forestland. Lack of water Review and assess alienable and
access for upland disposable lands within TVPL
barangays Establish activities suitable for Eco-
Tourism sites
Inhabitation and commercial Formulate and strictly implement
use in Taal Volcano guidelines for the proper management
Protected Landscape (TVPL) within TVPL
Unidentified flora and fauna Difficulty in identifying Conduct site assessment and
species within forestland and species to be protected research on the flora and fauna
lake through policy present in the area
formulation/implementation
Lack of waste water Contamination of the lake Waste Water Management Project
treatment facility Assessment of viable area for the
establishment of waste water
treatment facility
IEC to the community on proper
waste water disposal
No identified watershed/ Watershed areas will be Watershed and Water Sources Survey
catchment areas included in the expansion and Mapping Project
of built up areas which can Identification and conservation of
result to indiscriminate watershed areas
logging Identification of water sources to
Depletion of water table even-out distribution of water
High level of risk:
- Erosion due to steep and Erosion and siltation Continuous monitoring and evaluation of
high slope on-going projects
- Flash floods and Damage to the crops,
landslides during properties, and lives of Imposition of performance guarantee
typhoons and volcanic residents. fund against developers
eruptions
Proper clearance from DENR and PAMB
Presence of pyroclastic Unstable structure
volcanic materials foundation Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management (DRRM) Program
Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
Disaster Response
Disaster Recovery and Rehabilitation
Repair of existing drainage structures
Establishment of functional drainage
structures
Conduct of awareness campaigns
through the use of IEC materials
Early warning systems, evacuation
and rescue plans

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ANALYSIS MATRIX
SOLID WASTE AND WATER WASTE FACILITIES
TECHNICAL FINDINGS/ IMPLICATION/EFFECTS POLICY
OBSERVATIONS OPTIONS/INTERVENTIONS/
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Uncontrolled dumping of Pollution Amendment of LGU Ordinance
waste pertaining to SWM pursuant to
IRR-RA 9003

Improper waste disposal Uncontrolled expansion Community-Based Solid Waste

and poor management of Management (CBSWM) Program
waste disposal areas; Assessment of the current state
Possible shortage of area of waste management and
for waste disposal; garbage collection system in the
Unhealthy environmental municipality
conditions in unmanaged Organization and capacity
waste disposal sites building of the Eco-Waste
Management Group
Enforcement of “No
Segregation, No Collection”
policy
Revision of the municipal solid
waste management plan
incorporating management of
Material Recovery Facilities
Recovery of recyclable materials
from the non-biodegradable
garbage
Transformation of the
biodegradable wastes to useful
organic fertilizers
Continuous information
dissemination to instill discipline
and stewardship
Conduct of skills training for
livelihood ventures using
discarded but usable waste
materials
Strengthening of ties with farms
for organic fertilizers
Adaptation of sewage treatment
facilities designed to meet future
needs whether central or
clustered scheme

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Figure 6. Elevation Map

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Figure 7. Slope Map

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Figure 8. Geological Map

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Figure 9. Soil Map

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Figure 10. Existing Land and Water Use Map (CY 2012)

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Figure 11. Existing Urban Land and Water Use Map (CY 2012)

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Figure 12. River Network Map

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Figure 13. Climate Map

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Figure 14. Flood Prone Map

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Figure 15. Landslide Map

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Figure 16. Taal Volcano Base Surge Hazard Map

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Figure 17. Taal Volcano Seiches/Lakewater Oscillation Hazard Map

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Figure 18. Volcanic Eruption Danger Zone Map

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3. DEMOGRAPHY

The NSO 2007 data on population showed that the population aged 0-24 constitute to
about 56% or 19,550 of the total population. The population aged 25 and above was 44%.
This shows that the municipality of Laurel has a young population or there are younger people
than the older ones.

With regard to the productive age, about 20,356 people or 58% were between the ages
of 15-64. These ages are considered the productive age. On the other hand, the unproductive
ages, those between 0 and 15 and those above 65 years old was 14,570 or 42% of the
population. The data shows that there are more productive people than the unproductive ones.
As the figures project, there are 1.37 productive people or those at the work force for every one
dependent. thus, the dependency ratio is low. But, there were no data on how many of those
at the work force are gainfully employed.

On the gender population, about 51% or 17,791 are male and 49% or 17,135 are
female. The ratio is one male for every one female. This information is shown in Table No. 1.

Table 7. Population Distribution By Age Group And Gender, CY 2000 vs. CY 2007
2000 2007

AGE MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE

TOTAL TOTAL
GROUP 2000 2000 2007 2007

Under 1 422 393 815 528 449 977

1-4 1,639 1,514 3,153 1,845 1,704 3,549
5-9 1,728 1,705 3,433 2,326 2,221 4,547
10 - 14 1,501 1,443 2,944 2,043 2,022 4,065
15 - 19 1,522 1,414 2,936 1,702 1,671 3,373
20 - 24 1,502 1,273 2,775 1,554 1,485 3,039
25 - 29 1,239 1,077 2,316 1,618 1,446 3,064
30 - 34 1,036 936 1,972 1,402 1,236 2,638
35 - 39 793 675 1,468 1,192 1,094 2,286
40 - 44 617 659 1,276 914 778 1,692
45 - 49 566 599 1,165 689 702 1,391
50 - 54 442 453 895 585 610 1,195
55 - 59 372 350 722 445 518 963
60 - 64 269 292 561 340 375 715
65 - 69 195 232 427 239 258 497
70 - 74 142 175 317 170 256 426
75 - 79 99 100 199 88 131 219
80 & over 99 128 227 111 179 290
Total 14,183 13,418 27,601 17,791 17,135 34,926

3.1 School Going Population

School going age population for both male and female have almost the same ratio
ranging from 48% to 51% which are common in urban or rural barangays. Children at their
proper age were sent to school regardless of living condition of their families in order to gain
educational levels.

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3.2 Working Age Population

Working age population contributes a total of 20,356 for both sexes that is around
58.28% of the total population of the municipality.

3.3 Dependent Population

The total dependent population by this planning stage is 14,570 individuals which is
around 71.58% of the working age. These comprise the elders (65 and over) and the young
dependents.

Table 8. Population Composition by School-Age, Working-Age, Dependent-Age

Group and Sex, Year 2007
Both Male Female Sex
Age Group
Sexes No. % No. % Ratio
School going population
Pre-school (3-5) 3,593 1,853 52% 1,740 48% 1.06
Elementary (6-12) 5,264 2,856 54% 2,678 51% 1.07
Secondary (13-16) 2,301 1,158 50% 1,143 50% 1.01
Tertiary (17-21) 3,239 1,643 51% 1,597 49% 1.03
Working Age (15-64) 20,356 10,441 51% 9,915 49% 1.05
Labor Force (15 and
51% 49% 1.03
over) 21,788 11,049 10,739
Dependent
14,570 7,350 50% 7,220 50% 1.02
Population
Young (0-14) 13,138 6,742 51% 6,396 49% 1.05
Old (65 and over) 1,432 608 42% 824 58% 0.74
Source: NSO CY 2007
Note:
Sex ratio = (No. of male/No. of female) x 100

Graph 8. Population Composition by School Age, Working-Age,

Dependent-Age Group and Sex, Year 2007

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3.4 Labor Force and Employment

The data from CBMS CY 2009 showed a total workforce of 21,788 and a labor force of
12,788 of the population of Laurel. 85.45% are employed and 15% are unemployed.

Table 9. Labor Force Population By Sex and Employment Status, Year 2009
Population Labor Force Not in the
15yrs. Old Labor
and over Total Employed % Unemployed % Force
Municipal
Male 11049 8848 7699 87.01% 1149 13% 2201
Female 10739 4090 3357 82.08% 733 18% 6649
Both Sexes 21788 12938 11056 85.45% 1882 15% 8850
Source: CBMS

3.5 Population Distribution

The Municipality’s household size is 4.73 persons in the rural barangays while in the
urban core has a greater size of 4.71.

3.6 Urban-Rural Household Population

Urban population contributes around 10.39% of the total population while Poblacion 2
has the greater number of population. Biggest population barangay is Balakilong in
consideration of its vast area while the least is Dayap Itaas with the smallest household size
among all rural barangays.
Table 10. Household Population by Urban and Rural Barangay
and Average Household Size, Year 2010
Number of
Barangay Population Average Household Size
Household
Urban
Poblacion 1 550 119 4.62
Poblacion 2 1,244 266 4.68
Poblacion 3 742 148 5.01
Poblacion 4 612 134 4.57
Poblacion 5 678 147 4.61
Sub-Total 3,826 814 4.70
Rural
As-is 2,224 448 4.96
Balakilong 3,685 811 4.54
Berinayan 1,849 391 4.73
Bugaan East 1,798 391 4.60
Bugaan West 2,463 511 4.82
Buso-buso 2,553 532 4.80
Dayap Itaas 553 112 4.94
Gulod 2,456 523 4.70
Leviste 2,150 452 4.76
Molinete 1,460 318 4.59
Niyugan 1,316 259 5.08
Paliparan 895 184 4.86
Sab Gabriel 2,348 496 4.73
San Gregorio 3,185 673 4.73
Sta. Maria 1,937 413 4.69
Ticub 2,137 457 4.68
Sub-Total 33,009 6,971 4.74
Total 36,835 7,785 4.73

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Source: NSO, Barangay actual data

Graph 10. Household Population by Urban and Rural Barangay

and Average Household Size, Year 2010

Table 11. Urbanization Levels for the Past 20 Years

Average Yearly Level of

Municipal Population Population Average Urbanization
Growth Rate (%) 5-YearTempo (%)
Year
of Urbanization
(%)
Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Municipal

1990 2,368 19,731 22,099 10.7

1995 2,724 21,057 23,781 3.01 1.34 -0.05 11.5
2000 2,928 24,676 27,604 1.50 3.44 0.06 10.6
2007 3,650 31,276 34,926 3.52 3.82 0.29 10.5
2010 3,798 31,876 35,674 1.35 0.64 0.14 10.6
Source: MPDC

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Graph 11. Urbanization Level for the Past 20 Years

3.7 Population Density

In population distribution among the barangays, Barangay Balakilong has the largest
number of residents, representing about 10% of the total population in 2010. On the other
hand, Barangay Poblacion 1 has the least population with only 550. This is only about 1.49% of
the total population in the same year.
With regard to population density, Gulod is the densest rural barangay with an average
of 23 persons living in a hectare of land. Barangay Dayap Itaas has the lowest population
density with one person per hectare of land. In urban barangays, Barangay 2 has the highest
population density of 20 while Poblacion 4 & 5 has the lowest with 10. These observations are
shown in Table No. 12.

It can be observed from the data presented that those barangays in the Poblacion
registered high population and population density. In the rural barangays, other than Gulod,
Barangays Balakilong, Buso-Buso, Leviste, San Gabriel, San Gregorio, Ticub and Bugaan West
have relatively high population. These are the barangays near the lakeshore or the upland
barangays near the national highway.

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Table 12. Population Density by Barangay, Graph 12. Population Density by Barangay, Year 2010
Year 2010
Gross Area Population Density
Barangay Population
(ha) (Gross Barangay Area)
Urban
Poblacion 1 550 47.2109 12
Poblacion 2 1244 63.0091 20
Poblacion 3 742 52.0512 14
Poblacion 4 612 62.3124 10
Poblacion 5 678 68.3660 10
Subtotal 3,826 292.9496 66
Rural
As-is 2224 459.1781 5
Balakilong 3685 383.1838 10
Berinayan 1849 293.9482 6
Bugaan East 1798 124.8446 14
Bugaan West 2463 520.9504 5
Buso-buso 2553 418.2109 6
Dayap Itaas 553 734.7273 1
Gulod 2456 107.7564 23
Leviste 2150 225.5589 10
Molinete 1460 222.2979 7
Niyugan 1316 480.2908 3
Paliparan 895 427.0062 2
Sab Gabriel 2348 267.0584 9
San Gregorio 3185 812.9756 4
Sta. Maria 1937 611.3791 3
Ticub 2137 746.9726 3
Subtotal 33009 6836.3392 111
Total 36,835.00 7,129.2888 177

Source: Municipal data, MPDC

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3.8 Hierarchy of Settlements/Barangays

Prior to major eruption of Taal Volcano in 1911, there were known several barangays
such as Bayuyungan, Bugaan, Balakilong, Buso-Buso, Berinayan , San Gabriel and As-is
having around 3,500 population in the whole area. Low population trends maintained up to 1970
due to lack of infrastructure development in the area. Agriculture and fishery sustained the
livelihood of the people until the early development of Nayon ng Bayuyungan into a town in
1972. Most migration pattern and settlement came from adjacent towns of Agoncillo, Taal and
San Jose of Southern Batangas of which the reason can be attributed to the road that was first
developed to link in those towns before the development of road going to Talisay and Tanauan
area in 1970’s. Upper barangay population like Niyugan, Paliparan, As-is and Dayap Itaas
came from southern part of Cavite Province and western Batangas.

3.9 Historical Growth of Population

Based on the National Statistics Office’ census of population, the Municipality of
Laurel had a population of 13,137 in 1970. An increase of 2,006 was registered in 1975, with
an annual growth rate of 2.88%. Between 1975 and 1980, the recorded annual growth rate was
3.39%, a little higher than the registered growth rate from 1970 to 1975. Though there was no
census of population in 1985, the municipality’s annual growth rate between 1990 and 1995
was 2.95%, lower than the growth rate in 1975 and 1980. These are shown in Table 13.

Table 13. Historical Growth of Population

INCREASE/ ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (%)
YEAR POPULATION DECREASE MUNICIPAL PROVINCIAL REGIONAL NATIONAL
1970 13,137 3.12 3.03
1975 15,143 2,006 2.88 2.18 2.74
1980 17,889 2,746 3.39 2.62 2.68
1990 22,099 4,210 2.14 2.32 2.33
1995 25,554 3,455 2.95 2.35 4.07 2.45
2000 27,604 2,050 1.56 2.81 3.76 2.17
2007 34,953 7,349 3.43 2.38 3.37 2.09
2010 36,835 1,882 1.76 1.92 2.36 1.90
Source: National Statistic Office

Graph 13. Historical Growth of Population

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3.10 Fertility and Mortality

Fertility refers to the live births that occur within a population. It varies with the
characteristics of the mother like education or occupational and the like.

The Crude Birth Rate (CBR) recorded in 2010 is 18.75, which means that there are 11
births per 1000 population. In the past 4 years, the average crude birth rate is 16.65 signifying
an average of 15 births per 1000 population for the years 2006-2009.

Mortality refers to the occurrence of deaths in a population and represents an attrition

or reduction in numbers.

The crude death rate in 2010 is 3.68 per 1000 population and the average is 17.79
which indicate that approximately 18 deaths occurred per 1000 population for the years 2006-
2010.

Table 14. Crude Birth Rate (CBR) and Crude Death Rate (CDR) for the Last Five Years
Period CBR Increase/decrease CDR Increase/decrease
fr. Previous year fr. Previous year
2005 28.55 4.37
2006 24.03 -4.52 3.85 -0.52
2007 24.39 0.37 3.53 -0.32
2008 23.18 -1.21 3.67 0.14
2009 21.64 -1.55 4.54 0.87
2010 18.75 -2.89 3.68 -0.86

3.11 Marital Status

In Laurel, the number of married individual is almost equal to the number of single
persons. The single individuals represent 41.45% of the total population while the married ones
is 51.45%. Those widowed is 4.27%; the separated, 1.06%; the common law or live-in, 1.50%
and those unknown is .26%.

Table 15. Household Population 10 Years Old & Over by Age Group, Sex,
Marital Status and Municipality, CY 2007
% to
Marital Status Male Female Total
Total
Single 5,867 4,849 10,716 41.45
Married 6,641 6,660 13,301 51.45
Widowed 234 871 1,105 4.27
Div./ Sep. 121 153 274 1.06
Common Law /Live - in 191 198 389 1.50
Unknown 38 30 68 0.26
TOTAL 13,092 12,761 25,853 100.00
Source: Census 2007

3.12 Religious Affiliation

Majority of Laureleans are Roman Catholics as they comprise 94.9% of the total
population. Secondly, Protestant comprises 1.34%, followed by Sagrada ng Lahi with
1.11%, Born Again Christian with 1.07%, Iglesia ni Cristo with 0.36%, and other religious
factions.

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Table 16. Population by Religious Affiliation, Year 2009

RELIGIOUS NO OF % OF TOTAL
AFFILIATION PEOPLE POPULATION
Catholics 32,900 94.86
Protestant 466 1.34
Iglesia ni Cristo 125 0.36
Aglipay 11 0.03
Islam 21 0.06
Baptist 28 0.08
Seventh Day Adventist 77 0.22
Mystica 14 0.04
Born Again Christian 372 1.07
Johova's Witness 16 0.05
Jesus is Lord 6 0.02
Back to Christ 18 0.05
Sagrada ng Lahi 385 1.11
Pentecostal 8 0.02
Others 215 0.62
None 20 0.06
Total 34,682 99.99
Source: CBMS 2009

3.13 Literacy Rate

The municipality of Laurel has high literacy rate. Based from the CBMS Survey, only
about 689 or 3% of the population with ages 10 years old and above are not able to read, write
and no basic numeracy skills.
Table 17. Literacy Rate of Population 10 years old and Over, by Sex, Year 2000 & 2009
Male Female Both Sexes
No. Percentage No. Percentage No. Percentage
2000 2009 2000 2009 2000 2009 2000 2009 2000 2009 2000 2009
Population 10394 13047 51% 51% 9806 12756 49% 49% 20200 25803
10 years
old and
over
Literate 9597 12709 51% 51% 9158 12405 49% 49% 18755 25114 93% 97%
Literacy 97% 97%
Rate (%)
Illiterate 797 338 55% 49% 648 351 45% 51% 1445 689 7% 3%
Source: NSO, CBMS

Table 18. Projected Population and Households

Year Population Household
2011 39444 8106
2012 40475 8439
2013 42089 8786
2014 43477 9147
2020 52821 11648
2022 56363 12625
*using the average household size derived from Table 7

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Table 19. Population Projection by Barangay, Year 2011-2022

Annual growth rate: 3.298% Annual urban growth rate: 3.09% Annual rural growth rate: 3.32%
2000 2007
BARANGAY 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
(Base Year) Census
Urban
Poblacion 1 480 497 550 591 611 631 652 673 695 718 742 767 792 818 845
Poblacion 2 906 1,165 1,244 1329 1373 1418 1465 1513 1563 1,615 1,668 1,723 1,780 1,839 1,899
Poblacion 3 582 760 742 795 821 848 876 905 935 965 997 1,030 1,064 1,099 1,135
Poblacion 4 470 559 612 667 689 711 735 759 784 810 837 864 893 922 953
Poblacion 5 490 669 678 726 750 774 800 826 854 882 911 941 972 1,004 1,037
Sub-Total 2928 3650 3826 4107 4243 4383 4527 4677 4831 4990 5155 5325 5500 5682 5869
Rural
As-is 1,813 2,113 2,224 2398 2477 2559 2643 2730 2820 2913 3,010 3,109 3,211 3,317 3,427
Balakilong 3,161 3,767 3,685 3926 4056 4189 4327 4470 4618 4770 4,927 5,090 5,258 5,431 5,610
Berinayan 1,229 1,730 1,849 1976 2041 2109 2178 2250 2324 2401 2,480 2,562 2,646 2,734 2,824
Bugaan East 1,384 1,660 1,798 1926 1989 2055 2123 2193 2265 2340 2,417 2,497 2,579 2,664 2,752
Bugaan West 1,964 2,375 2,463 2646 2733 2824 2917 3013 3112 3215 3,321 3,430 3,544 3,660 3,781
Buso-buso 1,675 2,387 2,553 2728 2818 2911 3007 3106 3209 3314 3,424 3,537 3,653 3,774 3,898
Dayap Itaas 294 440 553 591 611 631 652 673 695 718 742 767 792 818 845
Gulod 1,630 2,456 2,456 2622 2709 2798 2890 2986 3084 3186 3,291 3,399 3,511 3,627 3,747
Leviste 1,431 1,650 2,150 2303 2379 2457 2538 2622 2709 2798 2,890 2,986 3,084 3,186 3,291
Molinete 1,112 1,402 1,460 1551 1602 1655 1710 1766 1824 1884 1,946 2,011 2,077 2,145 2,216
Niyugan 1,031 1,203 1,316 1424 1471 1520 1570 1622 1675 1730 1,787 1,846 1,907 1,970 2,035
Paliparan 702 874 895 952 983 1016 1049 1084 1120 1157 1,195 1,234 1,275 1,317 1,360
Sab Gabriel 1,628 2,176 2,348 2490 2572 2657 2744 2835 2928 3025 3,125 3,228 3,334 3,444 3,558
San Gregorio 2,239 3,116 3,185 3432 3545 3662 3783 3908 4037 4170 4,307 4,449 4,596 4,748 4,904
Sta. Maria 1,705 1,938 1,937 2070 2138 2209 2282 2357 2435 2515 2,598 2,684 2,772 2,864 2,958
Ticub 1,678 1,989 2,137 2301 2377 2455 2536 2620 2706 2795 2,887 2,983 3,081 3,183 3,288
Sub-Total 24676 31276 33009 35337 36502 37706 38950 40234 41561 42932 44347 45810 47321 48881 50494
Total 27604 34926 36835 39444 40745 42089 43477 44911 46392 47922 49502 51135 52821 54563 56363
Source: NSO

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Graph 19A. Population Projection by Barangay (Urban)

Graph 19B. Population Projection by Barangay (Rural)

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Table 20. Projected Number of Households by Urban-Rural Barangay

Annual growth rate: 4.11% Annual urban growth rate: 3.92% Annual rural growth rate: 4.13%
2000 2007
BARANGAY 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2020 2022
(Base Year) Census
Urban
Poblacion 1 86 94 119 124 129 134 140 146 152 158 178 193
Poblacion 2 171 233 266 276 288 300 312 325 338 352 397 431
Poblacion 3 100 138 148 154 160 167 173 181 188 196 221 239
Poblacion 4 96 122 134 140 146 152 158 164 171 178 201 218
Poblacion 5 94 136 147 153 159 165 172 179 187 194 219 238
Sub-Total 547 723 813 847 881 918 955 994 1035 1078 1216 1318
Rural
As-is 339 419 448 467 486 506 527 548 571 594 671 727
Balakilong 624 790 811 844 879 915 953 992 1033 1,075 1213 1,315
Berinayan 245 367 391 407 424 441 459 478 498 519 585 634
Bugaan East 245 310 391 407 424 441 459 478 498 519 585 634
Bugaan West 350 447 511 532 554 577 601 625 651 678 765 829
Buso-buso 293 441 532 554 577 600 625 651 678 705 796 863
Dayap Itaas 57 91 112 117 122 127 132 137 143 149 168 182
Gulod 283 450 523 545 567 591 615 640 666 694 783 849
Leviste 263 321 452 470 490 510 531 552 575 599 676 732
Molinete 211 282 318 331 345 359 374 389 405 422 476 516
Niyugan 206 256 259 270 281 292 304 317 330 343 387 420
Paliparan 143 190 184 192 199 208 216 225 234 244 275 298
Sab Gabriel 302 427 496 516 537 559 582 606 631 657 742 804
San Gregorio 417 615 673 701 730 760 791 823 857 892 1007 1,092
Sta. Maria 311 374 413 430 448 466 485 505 526 548 618 670
Ticub 317 398 457 476 496 516 537 559 582 606 684 741
Sub-Total 4606 6177 6973 7259 7558 7868 8192 8529 8880 9244 10432 11307
Total 5153 6900 7786 8106 8439 8786 9147 9523 9915 10322 11648 12625
Source: NSO

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Graph 20A. Household Population Projection by Barangay (Urban)

Graph 20B. Household Population Projection by Barangay (Rural)

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Table 21. Projected Population By Age-Group

BARANGAY 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

1-4 4208 4506 4655 4808 4967 5130 5300 5474 5655 5841 6034 6233 6439
5-9 4582 4906 5068 5235 5408 5586 5770 5961 6157 6360 6570 6787 7010
10-14 3929 4207 4346 4489 4637 4790 4948 5111 5280 5454 5634 5820 6012
15 - 19 3918 4196 4334 4477 4625 4777 4935 5098 5266 5439 5619 5804 5995
20 - 24 3703 3966 4097 4232 4371 4515 4664 4818 4977 5141 5311 5486 5667
25 - 29 3091 3310 3419 3532 3648 3768 3893 4021 4154 4291 4432 4578 4729
30 - 34 2632 2818 2911 3007 3106 3209 3315 3424 3537 3653 3774 3898 4027
35 - 39 1959 2098 2167 2239 2312 2389 2467 2549 2633 2720 2809 2902 2998
40 - 44 1703 1824 1884 1946 2010 2076 2145 2215 2288 2364 2442 2522 2606
45 - 49 1555 1665 1720 1777 1835 1896 1958 2023 2089 2158 2230 2303 2379
50 - 54 1194 1279 1321 1365 1410 1456 1504 1554 1605 1658 1713 1769 1828
55 - 59 964 1032 1066 1101 1137 1175 1214 1254 1295 1338 1382 1427 1474
60 - 64 749 802 828 855 884 913 943 974 1006 1039 1074 1109 1146
65 - 69 570 610 630 651 673 695 718 741 766 791 817 844 872
70 - 74 423 453 468 483 499 516 533 550 568 587 607 627 647
75 - 79 266 284 294 303 313 324 334 346 357 369 381 393 406
80 and over 303 324 335 346 358 369 382 394 407 421 434 449 464
AGE 0 1088 1165 1203 1243 1284 1326 1370 1415 1462 1510 1560 1611 1664
TOTAL 36,835 39,444 40,745 42,089 43,477 44,911 46,392 47,922 49,502 51,135 52,821 54,563 56,363
Source: NSO

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Table 22. Projected School-Age Population, Labor Force, and Dependent Population
Participation Projected Population
Grouping Base year
Rate 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2022
Population 34,926 42,089 43,477 44,911 46,392 47,922 56,363
School going
14,397 0.41 17,350 17,922 18,513 19,123 19,754 23,234
population
Pre-school 3,593 0.10 4,330 4,473 4,620 4,773 4,930 5,798
Elementary 5,264 0.15 6,344 6,553 6,769 6,992 7,223 8,495
Secondary 2,301 0.07 2,773 2,864 2,959 3,056 3,157 3,713
Tertiary 3,239 0.10 4,209 4,348 4,491 4,639 4,792 5,636
Labor Force 21,788 0.62 26,257 27,122 28,017 28,941 29,895 35,161
Dependent 14,570 0.42 17,558 18,137 18,735 19,353 19,992 23,513
Young (0-14) 13,138 0.38 15,832 16,355 16,894 17,451 18,027 21,202
Old (65 and over) 1,432 0.04 1,726 1,783 1,841 1,902 1,965 2,311
Source: NSO data

4. SOCIAL SECTOR
4.1 EDUCATION
There are 18 public elementary and four (4) primary schools, four (4) private schools
and one (1) public secondary school. Secondary school is located in the poblacion. It is
relatively far and not very accessible in barangays located in the upland areas like Dayap
Itaas, Niyugan and even San Gregorio. In these areas, students enroll in public and private
high schools in Calaca, Lemery, Tagaytay City and Alfonso, Cavite, which are more
accessible.
In terms of elementary enrolment, 5,949 elementary pupils are enrolled in public
elementary schools & primary schools. Of this, 3,059 are male and 2,890 are female. In
private schools, 173 are enrolled of which 87 are male and 86 are female. These data are
shown in Table No. 22. With the current number of enrollees, the ratio is one teacher for
every 49 pupils. The ratio is above the standard of one teacher for 40 pupils. The ratio for
pre-school, private elementary and private high school is still within the standard of one
teacher for a maximum of 40 pupils.

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Table 23. Schools by Level, Type, Facilities and Conditions* (SY 2010-2011)
Facilities and Condition (Check & write the condition*)

Area

Location
Occupied
(hectares)

(Barangay)
Type of School
(Public, Private)
Name of Schools

Laboratory
Shop
Library
Clinic
Restroom
Playground
Computer Room
Chapel/ Auditorium
Admin Office/
Building
H.E. Building
Guidance Room
Canteen
Laurel Type Building
Marcos Type School
Building
Bagong Lipunan
School Building
Army Type School
Building
FVR School Building
Classroom
Academic
Building

Elementary
Public
Laurel Central School Poblacion 1 1.1538 Public N P G G G
As-is Elementary School As-is 0.5000 Public N N N N G
Balakilong Elementary School Balakilong 1.0512 Public N N N N G
Berinayan Elementary School Berinayan 1.0674 Public N N N N P P
Bugaan West Elementary Bugaan G-
School West 0.9840 Public N C N P P P C P P VSR
Buso-Buso Elementary School Buso-Buso 0.3597 Public N N N N G P
Gulod Elementary School Gulod 0.5011 Public N N N G G
Leviste Elementary School Leviste 0.4820 Public N N P N P P P P
Molinete Elementary School Molinete 0.4698 Public N N N N G G
Niyugan Elementary School Niyugan 0.4999 Public N N N N G P C P P P
San Gabriel Elementary
School San Gabriel 2.3389 Public N N N N P G
San Gregorio Elementary San
School Gregorio 1.0541 Public N N N N P P
Sta. Maria Elementary School Sta. Maria 0.3429 Public N N N N 1-P 1-P 1-P
Ticub Elementary School Ticub 0.5111 Public G N N N G G G G G
Bugaan
Bignay Primary School
West 0.3000 Public N N N N P G
Paliparan Primary School Paliparan 0.2092 Public N N N N G G
Pantay Primary School Buso-Buso 0.1000 Public N N N N P
San Gregorio Annex Primary San
School Gregorio 0.5000 Public N N N N P G P C

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Facilities and Condition (Check & write the condition*)

Area

Location
Occupied
(hectares)

(Barangay)
Type of School
(Public, Private)
Name of Schools

Laboratory
Shop
Library
Clinic
Restroom
Playground
Computer Room
Chapel/ Auditorium
Admin Office/
Building
H.E. Building
Guidance Room
Canteen
Laurel Type Building
Marcos Type School
Building
Bagong Lipunan
School Building
Army Type School
Building
FVR School Building
Classroom
Academic
Building

Private
Servite Catholic School Poblacion 5 0.4000 Private G G G G G G G
Door of Faith Learning
Institute (DOFLI) Poblacion 3 0.1330 Private N N G P G P P G G
Wrema Learning Center Inc. Poblacion 5 0.1222 Private N N N N G G
St. Claire Community Foundation
School Inc. Leviste 0.1252 Private G G G G G G G

Secondary
Wenceslao Trinidad Memorial
National High School Poblacion 1 1.5000 Public P G G G P P G C C C

Source Deped District Office, Primary Survey

*indicate condition if facility is present as follows:
G-Good – well maintained
P-Poor – Needs improvement
C-Critical – Requiring priority action
N-None/No such Facility
Other facilities: Computer room/laboratory, multipurpose halls/auditorium, etc.

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Table 24. Student-Teacher and Student-Classroom Ratio by Level, SY 2011

Type/Level No. of Enrollees Total No. Total No. of Student- Student
Male Female Total of Classrooms Teacher Classroom
Teachers Ratio Ratio
Pre-school
Public 568 599 1167 40 39 1:29 1:30
Private 50 39 89 9 9 1:10 1:10
Elementary
Public 3059 2890 5949 127 122 1:47 1:49
Private 87 86 173 16 16 1:11 1:11
Secondary
Public 1223 1289 2512 55 43 1:46 1:58
Private 29 18 47 8 8 1:6 1:6
Source: DepEd District Office, Primary Survey

Table 25. Historical Enrollment by Level for the Last 3 School Years
2009 2010
Level 2008 No. Increase/Decrease No. Decrease/Increase
Pre-school
Public 1074 1103 29 1167 64
Private 77 71 -6 89 18
Elementary
Public 5505 5771 266 5949 178
Private 116 134 18 173 39
Secondary
Public 2207 2316 109 2512 196
Private 26 35 9 47 12

4.1.1 Current and Future Needs

The following are some of the most pressing problems of the education sector:
a. Inadequate School Facilities. One of the basic problems the schools are confronting is
the inadequacy of school facilities. Most of the essential facilities that are basically lacking are
the library, clinic, administration office, industrial arts building and the home economics
building. Schools resort to the use of academic classrooms in its absence. On the contrary,
the public high school has adequate facilities though some of them need improvement and
repair.
b. Deteriorating Buildings. Some buildings and classrooms already need repairs. Roofs
need also be replaced since they are already leaking. Improvement of buildings and
classrooms is needed for them to become more conducive to learning.
c. Provision of Instructional Materials and Teaching Aids. Similar to all other schools,
instructional materials are inadequate, such as textbooks, science laboratory equipment and
other teaching aids. There are times when the teachers themselves spend for their teaching
aids to improve teaching methodologies and techniques.
d. The Need for Additional School Personnel. This includes administration personnel and
teaching staff to accommodate not only the present requirement of the sector, but likewise to
respond to the growing student population.

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Table 26. Projected Classroom, Teacher Requirements in Public Schools by Level

Planning Period
Level 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2020
Projected Enrolment
Pre-school 1,965 2,365 2,791 3,241 3,718 5,921
Elementary 6,449 6,717 6,995 7,284 7,585 8,912
Secondary 2871 3121 3384 3661 3953 5280
Classroom
Pre-school 0 12 24 37 50 113
Elementary 47 55 63 71 80 118
Secondary 21 27 34 41 48 81
Teacher
Pre-school 0 7 19 32 45 108
Elementary 39 47 55 63 72 110
Secondary 9 15 22 29 36 69
Source: DepEd, MPDC

Table 27. Historical Enrollment Participation Rate for the Last Five (5) Years
Enrollment Participation
Year Total Enrollment
Rate (EPR)
Pre-school
2007 (SY 2007-2008) 1054 29.33
2008 (SY 2008-2009 1151 30.10
2009 (SY 2009-2010) 1174 29.72
2010 (SY 2010-2011) 1256 30.78
2011 (SY 2011-2012) 1587 37.65

Elementary (6-12)
2007 (SY 2007-2008) 5522 90.87
2008 (SY 2008-2009 5621 96.60
2009 (SY 2009-2010) 5905 99.49
2010 (SY 2010-2011) 6122 101.64
2011 (SY 2011-2012) 6191 96.00

High School (13-16)

2007 (SY 2007-2008) 2164 72.74
2008 (SY 2008-2009 2233 73.62
2009 (SY 2009-2010) 2351 76.01
2010 (SY 2010-2011) 2559 81.52
2011 (SY 2011-2012) 2634 78.37
Source: DepEd, MPDC

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ANALYSIS MATRIX
SOCIAL SECTOR - EDUCATION
TECHNICAL FINDINGS/ IMPLICATION/EFFECTS POLICY
OBSERVATIONS OPTIONS/INTERVENTIONS/
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Absence of scholarship Increasing number of out-of- Resolution providing scholarship
program school youth, child labor & fund and grants
exploitation
Insufficient school buildings Impeding the delivery of Appropriation ordinance to finance
and facilities sufficient services District School requirements and
vocational school run by the LGU
Inefficient implementation of
K-12 program Tap SEF and DepEd for school
building allocation
Insufficient number of Poor reception of children to Encouragement to students to take
teaching force learn educational up education/teaching course
instructions
Provide incentives, advancement
programs and just compensation
to teachers
Absence of school for Inability of the youth to Identification of priority projects for
tertiary level finish college courses the college and vocational school
Increasing illiteracy ratio Less opportunity to Strengthen Local School Board
employment and livelihood
activity
Presence of Large Number Early marriage Intensify Alternative Learning
of OSY School
Child labor

Prone to some form of

crimes and vices e.g. drugs
and other illegal activities

4.2 HEALTH AND SANITATION

4.2.1 Health Resources
4.2.1.1 Current Situation

The health services of the Municipality of Laurel are provided by the Rural Health Unit
(RHU) located in the poblacion. Currently, the Municipal Health Center has three (3) medical
personnel; the Rural Health Physician, the nurse and the dentist. The barangays in the
municipality are clustered into four (4), each cluster manned by a midwife. Majority of the
barangays have its own barangay health center. Some barangays are using barangay hall as
its health center.

The RHU and Laurel Municipal Hospital provides daily free consultations. Its services
include maternal and child care, family planning, diarrheal disease, cardio-vascular disease,
pulmonary tuberculosis, nutrition, leprosy and environmental health and sanitation. The
health needs not served by the RHU and Laurel Municipal Hospital are provided by the
Provincial Hospital. Health cases that require major operations or those that need critical

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medical attention are referred to the Laurel District Hospital in Tanauan or Batangas Regional
Hospital in Batangas City. Others are sent to Metro Manila.

The 1998 data of the RHU show that the upper respiratory tract infection is the
leading cause of morbidity, followed by various skin diseases. In terms of mortality,
bronchopneumonia is one of its leading causes, followed by heart diseases. Among children,
pneumonia is the leading cause of infant mortality. Other causes of mortality and morbidity
are shown in Table No. 30 and 31.

About the nutritional status of children, the recorded number of patients who were first
degree malnourished was 621 on 2009, 248 on 2010 and 304 on 2011. Children who were
third degree malnourished were counted as ninety-five (95).

4.2.1.2 Future Needs

The health need of the people is one of the basic concerns that require government
attention. Good health is a key factor to productive living. In Laurel, health needs is one of
the priorities of the local government. Though there are already efforts exerted by the
municipality in responding to the health needs of the population, still health services are
basically inadequate. This is justified by the following:
a. Insufficient Number of Health Personnel. As stated, the municipality has only three (3)
health staff in its municipal health center. They are the ones responsible for health
services delivery and likewise in charge of managing the municipality’s health programs
and projects. It must be noted that Laurel has a total population of 36,835 in 2010. This
is the number of people that the 3 health staff is bound to serve as per standard of one
MHO per 20,000 population.
In the barangays, the midwives are the ones in charge. The barangays are
clustered into four and each cluster is served by one midwife. Each cluster is composed
of three to four barangays where the population average is 9,208. It is way below the
standard of one health personnel for every twenty households. It must also be noted that
the barangays are not very accessible due to poor road networks and the availability of
public transport services as per standard of one midwife per 5,000 population.
b. Inadequate Health Budget. The current Estrada Administration boasts about its “pro poor”
agenda. It is widely known that the health sector is one of the government programs that
will directly cater to the needs of the poor. But, this is not reflective of the government’s
National Budget which had a slight increase of 6% from the 1997 budget. This factor is
similar to the budget appropriated by the local government in Health. The 1999 budget for
medicine is a meager amount of P238,000.00. This means that for a population of
27,950, each individual gets only P8.52 annual share for medicine.
With the issues and problems cited above, this local government unit has to look
into how the health needs of the population can be addressed. It is also necessary that
massive health information campaigns are conducted, because the residents seem to
take for granted the health problems they encounter.

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Table 28. General Health Situation for the Last Five (5) Years
Health Indicator 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

No. % No. % No. % No. % No. %

Fertility
Crude Birth Rates (CBR) 816 25 788 23 753 28 770 20.7 631 16.6
Morbidity
General Medical 12,301 10428 12169 13215 15264
Mortality
Crude Death Rate (CDR) 110 3.4 123 3.5 148 4 129 3.5 131 3.5
Proportioned Mortality Rate (PMR) 0 0
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) 3 3.6 4 5.1 7 9 5 14.9 2 3.17
Young Mortality Rate (YMR) 0 0
Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Data Source: RHU

Table 29. Medical Health Facilities and Personnel, Year 2010

FACILITY PERSONNEL
Type of Health Capacity Physical Location Area No. of No. of No. of Sanitary Other personnel (Specify) Total
Services/ (no. of Condition Occupied Doctors Nurses Midwives Inspector Dentist Dental Medtech Utility
Facilities Beds) (hectares) Aide
Rural Health Unit - Satisfactory Poblacion 2, Laurel, 72 sq.m. 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 10
Batangas
Laurel Municipal
Hospital 10 Good Ticub 1.5 h.a 6 7 0 0 0 0 1 7 21
* fair; poor; critical
Source: RHU

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Table 30. Ten Leading Causes of Morbidity Table 31. Ten Leading Causes of Mortality
for the Last Three (3) Years for the Last Three (3) Years
Number Number of Deaths
Causes Causes
2009 2010 2011 2009 2010 2011
CY 2009 CY 2009
1 URTI 12954 1 Hypertension 28
2 Infected Wound 1608 2 Pneumonia 24
3 UTI 604 3 Heart Disease 20
4 HPN 497 4 Cancer 18
Diarrheal 5 PTB 17
5 Disease 440 6 Accident 11
6 Gastro enteritis 362 Multiple Organ
7 EENT 341 Failure (due to
Vitamin 7 old age) 5
8 Difficiency 242 8 Renal Failure 4
Musculo 9 Liver Disease 3
9 Skeletal 185 Acute
10 Vertigo 112 10 Pancreatitis 2

CY 2010 CY 2010
1 URTI 10240 1 HPN 22
2 Infected Wound 947 2 Cancer 14
3 EENT 393 Pulmonary 14
4 UTI 344 3 Disease
5 Gastro Enteritis 319 4 PTB 12
6 HPN 275 5 Accident 10
Diarrheal 244 6 Renal Disease 9
7 Disease 7 Heart Disease 9
8 Vertigo 209 Diabetes 7
Musculo 104 8 Mellitus
Skeletal 9 Liver Disease 2
9 Disorder 10 Typhoid Fever 2
10 Dermatitis 95
CY 2011
CY 2011 1 HPN 27
1 URTI 10864 2 Pnemonia 15
2 Infected Wound 1186 Multiple Organ
3
3 Gastric Disease 636 Failure 15
4 Diarrhea 432 Acute Myocardial
4
5 UTI 398 Infarction 14
6 HPN 336 5 PTB 11
7 EENT 336 6 COPD 9
8 Vertigo 194 7 Renal Disease 9
9 PTB 177 8 Accident 7
Accidental 108 9 Cardiac Disease 6
10
Wounds 10 Cancer 6
Source: Mun. Health Center Source: Mun. Health Center

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4.2.2 Burial Ground

4.2.2.1 Current Situation
There are two burial grounds, the municipal cemetery and a private cemetery. Both
are located in Barangay West Bugaan and are adjacent to each other. Aggregate area
occupied by the different cemeteries total to 1.9167 hectares. The cemeteries are now
governed by an existing ordinance and fairly managed to avoid congestion.

4.2.2.2 Current and Future Needs

Old cemetery needs redevelopment in order to establish enough space for walkway
between burial lot rows to meet standards. The presence of new lot on the eastern side took
advantage of meeting the standard design and parameters. However, the old cemetery
redevelopment should be the next to start from the perimeter lines apartment type, otherwise
the open lot at least one (1) hectare on the southern side should be acquired for future needs.

Table 32. Existing Cemeteries, Year 2010

Name of Cemetery Type of Area

Memorial Parks Barangay Ownership (Sq.m.) Capacity
Municipal Cemetery
(Old) Bugaan West Public 6,120 2,508
Municipal Cemetery
(New) Bugaan West Public 7,232 2,964
San Gregorio Memorial
Cemetery Bugaan West Private 5,815 2,383
Source: MEO, MPDC

Table 33. Number of Households in Occupied Housing Units by Type of Toilet Facilities,
Year 2009
Type of Toilet Facilities Number of Household
Water-sealed flush to sewerage/septic-tank-own 4058
Water-sealed flush to sewerage/septic-tank-shared 1274
Closed pit 763
Open pit 254
No Toilet 660
Others 46
Number of Households without access to sanitary 1723
toilet facility
Source: CBMS 2009

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ANALYSIS MATRIX
HEALTH AND SANITATION
TECHNICAL FINDINGS/ IMPLICATION/EFFECTS POLICY
OBSERVATIONS OPTIONS/INTERVENTIONS/
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Absence of Health and Increasing rate of mortality Resolution requesting concerned
Sanitation Code and morbidity agencies for assistance
Insufficient sanitary toilet Unsanitary condition of the Resolution requesting concerned
residents agencies for assistance
Insufficient supplies of Prone to sickness Resolution requesting concerned
potable water agencies for assistance

Engage Public/Private Partnership

thru MOA with existing water
provider like Balibago Waterworks
System, Inc. (BWSI)
Malnutrition Malnourished children Funding assistance for nutrition
activity

Conduct Family Development

Session

Implement “Gulayan sa bakuran”

Provide livelihood to alleviate

poverty and responsible
parenthood
Unawareness on birth Uncontrolled population birth Strengthen BHW’s and health
control education rate resulting to family crisis personnel in the conduct of
mothers class
Insufficient health facilities Poor delivery of health Appropriation ordinance to allocate
services adequate funds for the extension
of facilities and acquisition of
medical equipment
Insufficient health personnel Inadequate provision of Continuing advocacy and
health services coordination to implement health
program, projects and activities

Appropriation ordinance

4.3 HOUSING
4.3.1 Current Situation

Most of the residential areas in Laurel are located in the town proper. As of 1998, the
average population density in the poblacion was 9.95 or 10 persons per hectare of land.
There are more residential areas in the poblacion compared to other barangays since it is
where most of the needed facilities are available. Aside from the Poblacion, Barangays
Balakilong, Bugaan East and Gulod have the most number of households.

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In the rural barangays, households are scattered, usually located near their farms. A
denser area can be found only in the barangay proper. Not included in this residential setting
are the new subdivisions located in the upper portion of the municipality. These are planned
unit developments (PUD) usually intended for families from the higher income brackets
coming from all other areas but not in Laurel.

With regard to the households, the barangays in the town proper have the most
number of households, with each having an average of six (6) members. The data is shown
in Table No. 10, the Number of Households per Barangay for the year 1998.

The majority of the residents in Laurel own their houses. This is shown in Table No.
40, the data based on the 2009 and 2012 Community Based Monitoring System (CBMS)
Evaluation Sheet.

Former Hacienda Agoncillo covers an area of 1,149 hectares comprising major

portion of barangays of Poblacion 2, San Gabriel, Sta. Maria and San Gregorio. Residents in
the aforementioned barangays are mostly belongs to families of old tenants for number of
years where they have established their houses and other economic activities. This hacienda
has been transferred in the name of Green Square Corporations and Twinlakes Corporation
with its own plan for relocation or resettlement areas as part of their development subject to
the approval of the government authorities. Residents with such kind of condition that are
occupying lot and houses for free with the consent of the owner accounts to 3,346 or 44.83%
of the total households wherein majority of those are residing in the aforementioned
barangays. Based on the same CBMS survey, there were 449 existing households having
their houses even without consent of the lot owners majority of which are located in Barangay
Berinayan. Although in reality they were around 40 to 50 years and even more occupying the
same area where they are but not been ejected since there are cases of multiple lot
ownerships/claimants that have not been resolved.

However, housing is not a big problem in the locality. Typical of a rural setting,
households are not congested and most families have their own dwelling units, usually single
detached. Housing problems are related to the following:

a. Availability and Accessibility of Basic Social Services. Most households complain

about the unavailability of basic social services such as adequate supply of potable water,
power supply, accessible roads, public transport and facilities, health services and the
like.

b. Threats of Land Conversion. This is especially true in the barangays in the upland
portion, which are targets of land developments. These land developments are spillover
of Tagaytay City urban sprawl, which take advantage of the scenic view of Taal Lake and
Taal Volcano. In Dayap Itaas, this became the major reason for farmers’ displacement
that further resulted to out-migration. This was also the reason why the population in the
said barangay decreased at a significant rate.

c. Housing Replacement and Construction. These are primarily due to obsolescence and
decay, where houses made of light materials need be replaced. On the other hand,
construction of new houses is needed as a result of population increase and possible in-
migration.

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Table 34. Housing Situation for the Last Three (3) Censal Years
Year 1980 Year 1990 Year 2000 Year 2007
NO. % NO. % NO. % NO. %
Increase/ Increase/ Increase/ Increase/
Decrease Decrease Decrease Decrease
Households (HH) 3,118 3,796 678 5153 1,357 6,799 1,646
Household 17,889 22,076 4,187 27,595 5,519 34,926 7,331
Population
Housing Units 3,233 3,835 602 N/A N/A
(HU)
Occupied HU 3,227 3,790 563 N/A N/A
Vacant HU 6 45 39 N/A N/A
Ratio of HH to N/A 1,002 N/A N/A
Occupied HU
Ratio of HH N/A 5,825 N/A N/A
Population to
Occupied
Housing Units
Source: NSO

Table 35. Housing Backlog, Year 2010

Backlog No. %
Doubled – Up Households 99 34.26%
Unacceptable Housing Units 98 33.91%
Makeshift / Salvage/ Improvised HU 92 34.26%
Total Backlog 289
Source: MPDC/ CBMS

Table 36. Informal Settlement Areas, Year 2009

Barangay Number of Households who are squatters*
households Magnitude Proportion**
LAUREL 2800 236 8.43
As-Is 407 24 5.9
Balakilong 736 15 2.04
Berinayan 355 180 50.7
Bugaan East 355 11 3.1
Bugaan West 464 3 0.65
Buso-buso 483 3 0.62
Dayap Itaas 102 13 12.75
Gulod 475 13 2.74
J. Leviste 410 7 1.71
Molinete 289 5 1.73
Niyugan 235 2 0.85
Paliparan 167 2 1.2
Barangay 1 (Pob.) 108 5 4.63
Barangay 2 (Pob.) 241 169 70.12
Barangay 3 (Pob.) 134 2 1.49
Barangay 4 (Pob.) 122 0 0
Barangay 5 (Pob.) 133 16 12.03
San Gabriel 450 164 36.44
San Gregorio 611 10 1.64
Santa Maria 375 4 1.07
Ticub 415 5 1.2
Total 7067 653

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Table 37. Inventory of Residential Subdivisions, Year 2011

NAME OF SUBDIVISION PROJECT BARANGA AREA NO. OF
CLASSIFICATION Y LOTS/UNITS
Mountain Ridge Subdivision Residential Subdivision Niyugan 3.4813 HAS. 45 lots
Villa Dionisia Resort Estates Residential/ Niyugan 10.2 HAS. 146 lots,
Subdivision 168 units
Canyon Woods Residential Residential Resort / San 35.0076 HAS. 755 lots
Resort – P1 Subdivision Gregorio
Canyon Woods Residential Residential San 35.776 HAS. 420 lots
Resort - Phase II Resort/Subdivision Gregorio
(PUD)
Splendido Terraces Golf & Residential Resort & Dayap 236 HAS. 664 lots
Country Club Golf Course (PUD) Itaas
Canyon Woods III Residential Resort & San 438,841 SQ.M. 268 lots
Golf Course Gregorio
Canyon Woods Annex “A” & Residential Resort San 40,534 SQ.M. 40 lots
“B” Subdivision Gregorio
Canyon Woods III-B, Phase Residential Resort San 231,987.50 SQ.M. 318 lots
1, 2 & 3 Subdivision Gregorio
Las Haciendas Resort Farm Farm Lot Subdivision San Gabriel 224,495 SQ.M. 104 lots
P1-A
Canyon Woods, Phase IV- Residential Subdivision San 217,324 SQ.M. 341 lots
A1 Gregorio
Mountain Ridge Residential Resort Niyugan 58,270 SQ.M. 100 lots
Subdivision
Canyon Woods, Phase V Residential Subdivision San 331,586 SQ.M. 386 lots
Gregorio
Las Haciendas Resort Farm Farm Lot Subdivision Ticub 206,633 SQ.M. 169 lots
(HACIENDA VERDE)
Filipiniana Tagaytay Residential Resort Dayap 199,415 sq.m.
Subdivision Itaas
Canyon Woods Residential Residential Subdivision San 12,790 sq.m. 69 lots
Resort Phase V (THE with Building Gregorio
COURTYARD) Component
CAMPOVERDE Residential Residential San 387,470 sq.m 517 lots
Country Estate Gregorio
Las Haciendas Cascada 2 Residential/Planned Sta. Maria PD 957 – 178,270 196 lots –
Unit Development sq.m. PD957
BP 220 Economic Subdivision
Housing Partial 55 lots – BP 220
Compliance - 15,272 Economic
sq.m. Subdivision
Mixed Use Future 43 lots –
Dev’t - 97,603 sq.m. Commercial/
Mix Use
DOMAINE LE JARDIN Residential Resort/PUD San 760,241 Square 1046 lots
Gregorio Meters

* Classification of subdivision: Open Market, Economic Housing, Socialized Housing, Medium Rise, Civic
Organization Housing Project, Others, housing, Cooperative

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Table 38. Resettlement Areas, Year 2009

Barangay Land No. of No. of Utilities/ Administration
Ownership Families Housing Facilities/
Units Amenities
Sta. Maria Barangay 68 68 Electricity Barangay, LGU
Source: Barangay

Table 39. Housing Facilities and Utilities Situation, Year 2009

Facilities/Utilities No. of Households
Served % Unserved %
1. Water Facility 4749 67.2 2316 32.8
2. Electricity 6545 92.6 522 7.4
3. Water-sealed Toilets 5332 75.4 1735 24.6
4. Garbage Collection Systems 50 .71 7017 99.29
Source: CBMS 2009

Table 40. Owner Households in Occupied Housing Units by Tenure Status

of Housing Units and Lots
Tenure of Status 2009 Housing Unit 2012 Housing Unit
Number Percentage Number Percentage
Owned/Being Amortized 3210 45.49 3476 46.57
Rented 155 2.20 175 2.34
Being Occupied for free with 3049 43.21 3346 44.83
consent of Owner
Being Occupied for free without 637 9.03 449 6.02
consent of owner
Other tenure status 5 0.07 18 0.24
TOTAL 100.00 7464 100.00
Source: CBMS 2009, 2012

Table 41. Inventory of Potential Lands for Housing, Year 2011

AREA ZONING
LOCATION
OWNER (HAS.) CLASSIFICATION
Corazon V. Agoncillo 15.6673 Sec 10 Aln 01 Pob. 2 Agricultural
Corazon V. Agoncillo 0.3870 Sec 10 Aln 07 Pob. 2 Agricultural
Corazon V. Agoncillo 1.1092 Sec 10 Aln 08 Pob. 2 Agricultural
Corazon V. Agoncillo 4.0130 Sec 10 Aln 05 Pob. 2 Agricultural
Anacleta Biscocho 0.1680 Sec 001 Aln 02 Pob 2 Agricultural
Bernardo Atienza 0.6000 Sec 001 Aln 04 Pob 2 Agricultural
Dennis P. Lanting 0.2647 Sec 001 Aln 06 Pob 2 Agricultural
Leona Alcantara 0.8203 Sec 001 Aln 05 Pob 2 Agricultural
Sps Victor & Pelagia Magsumbol 0.9058 Sec 002 Aln 02 Pob 2 Agricultural
Sps Arcadio & Myrna De Leon 0.5007 Sec 002 Aln 03 Pob 2 Agricultural
Sps Marcelo & Imelda De Leon 0.3982 Sec 002 Aln 04 Pob 2 Agricultural
Sps Mario & Gloria Oliveros 0.7385 Sec 002 Aln 05 Pob 2 Agricultural
Anacleto Biscocho 1.0057 Sec 002 Aln 06 Pob 2 Agricultural
Paulino Magsumbol & Gloria De Sagun 0.5500 Sec 003 Aln 02 Pob 2 Agricultural
AREA LOCATION ZONING

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OWNER (HAS.) CLASSIFICATION

Desiderio Gadiano & Leticia Dalisay 0.5540 Sec 003 Aln 04 Pob 2 Agricultural
Maria Dalisay 1.4800 Sec 003 Aln 03 Pob 2 Agricultural
Matias Villanueva 4.4435 Sec 034 Aln 13 As-is Agricultural
Joel Bihis Villanueva 0.0565 Sec 034 Aln 14 As-is Agricultural
Unidentified 0.0234 Sec 034 Aln 15 As-is Agricultural
Joel Bihis Villanueva 2.5396 Sec 034 Aln 16 As-is Agricultural
Estanislao Calinisan 6.8122 Sec 045 Aln 01 As-is Agricultural
Severina Vergara 0.8305 Sec 035 Aln 02 As-is Agricultural
Dorotea Vergara 0.8305 Sec 035 Aln 03 As-is Agricultural
Heirs of Estanislao De Roxas 0.9690 Sec 035 Aln 04 As-is Agricultural
Victoria De Roxas 0.4288 Sec 035 Aln 05 As-is Agricultural
Ruperto Villanueva 0.1249 Sec 035 Aln 06 As-is Agricultural
Ruby Roxas 2.4722 Sec 022 Aln 03 As-is Agricultural
Avelina Diomampo 0.4405 Sec 022 Aln 14 As-is Agricultural
Jacinto Diomampo 3.2296 Sec 022 Aln 15 As-is Agricultural
Total 52.3636
Source: Municipal Assessor

Table 42. Current and Project Housing Need

42a. New units needed due to Total Annual Program Period

backlog
Doubled-up (2.2% of housing stock) 150 25 2013-2018 (6 yrs)
Displaced 641 71 2013-2021 (9 yrs)
Homeless 0 -
Total 791 96

42b. New units needed due to population growth TOTAL ANNUAL

I. Planning Period (2013-2015) 585 195
II. Planning Period (2016-2018) 632 211
II. Planning Period (2019-2021) 682 227
TOTAL 1899 633

42c. Summary of New Units Due to Backlog and Population Growth

Total for the
Population
Year Doubled-up Displaced Annual Total planning
Increase
period
2013 25 71 195 291
2014 25 71 195 291
2015 25 71 195 291 873
2016 25 71 211 307
2017 25 71 211 307
2018 25 71 211 307 921
2019 71 227 298
2020 71 227 298
2021 71 227 298 894
2,688

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ANALYSIS MATRIX
HOUSING
TECHNICAL FINDINGS/ IMPLICATION/EFFECTS POLICY
OBSERVATIONS OPTIONS/INTERVENTIONS/
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Unidentified area for the Continuous proliferation of Memorandum of agreement
relocation of informal informal setters within the between and among informal
settlers within the Hacienda Hacienda de Agoncillo settlers, LGU and developers
de Agoncillo (Twinlakes (Twinlakes property)
property)

Non-existence of Uncontrolled building Relocation program

compensation settlement for activities by the informal
the informal settlers on settlers Rehabilitation program
areas in four (4) barangays
covered by the development Strict implementation of National
of private investors Building Code

Proliferation of illegal Continuous proliferation of Local ordinance to avoid squatting

settlers on lake salvage informal settlers on public on RROW, salvage zone,
zone and public domain domain and road right of easements and on areas highly
(road right of way and river way and salvage zone susceptible to landslide, erosion
easements) and highly and flooding
critical areas prone to Increase risk for natural and
erosion, landslides and man-made hazards
flooding

4.4 SOCIAL WELFARE SERVICES

4.4.1 Current Situation

The Social Welfare and Development Services are under the responsibility of the
Local Social Welfare and Development Office. Currently, the office is taken cared of one (1)
Social Welfare Officer III who act as OIC-MSWDO and four (4) staff focus on various
programs and services of the department, to wit;

a. EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE SERVICES in which the office provides assistance/support

to needy clients through;
a.1. Aid to Individual in Crisis Situation – A cash or inkind assistance being provided to
individual/families
a.2 Emergency Response/Assistance in which the office provides relief assistance to
affected families as well as in attending trainings/workshops of program
implementers.

b. FAMILY AND COMMUNITY WELFARE SERVICES

b.1 Health Insurance Program for Indigents is a provision of Health Assistance to indigent
families of Laurel
b.2 Program for Solo Parent is focus on woman who gives birth as a result of rape or
other crimes against chastity even without a final conviction of the offender; provided,

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that the other keeps rising the child, A parent left alone with the responsibility of
parenthood due to death of spouse, is detained or serving sentence for a criminal
conviction for at least one (1) year or due to physical or mental incapacity of spouse,
due to legal separation for at least one (1) year or due to declaration of nullity of
marriage or annulment of spouse, unmarried father/mother who has preferred to keep
the children, solely parental care and support to children.
b.3 Program for Overseas Filipino Workers (OFW) in which strengthening OFW families
and provision of appropriate support

c. CHILD AND YOUTH WELFARE SERVICES

c.1 Early Child Care and Development (Day Care Services) is to educate pre-school
children ages 3-5yo in 18 Barangay of Laurel with Day Care Service Program. 24 Day
Care Workers were used to teach and assist children in their daily activities inside the
Day Care Center. The MSWDO recognizes the effect of one’s character and
behavior in forming the image of children as well as the quality of service of the day
care workers delivers.
c.2 Program for Youth is duly constituted barangay based organization of the Out-of-
School youth between 15-24 yo. The Pag-asa Youth Association, Inc. is organized
nationwide and is federated from the municipal, city, provincial, regional and national.
c.3 Municipal Supplemental Feeding is to provide adequate food supplement provided to
malnourished children to increase their weight.

d. INTEGRATED SOCIAL SERVICES

d.1 Women Welfare Services is to enhance the full potential and capacity as women by
giving them trainings and other activities.
d.2 Program for the Welfare of the Elderly in which every senior citizens deserves support
services. Therefore, the LGU is providing P500.00 as birthday gift a year to 2,976
SCs. They are also receiving social pension from DSWD but, those only belongs to
poor/indigent family from the data of NHTS-PR of DSWD.
d.3 Program for the Person with Disability is to provide privileges for disabled person as
part of the Philippine society, to give support to the improvement of the total well-
being of disabled persons and their integration into the mainstream of society.
d.4 Skills Enhancement and Livelihood Program is a livelihood assistance to identify
qualified beneficiaries in uplifting their living condition.

e. GAD RELATED ACTIVITIES

e.1. ERPAT/MOVE (Empowerment, Reaffirmation of Paternal Abilities Training/Men’s
Oppose on Violence Everywhere) is to strengthen the role and capacity of fathers as
key partners in child survival, development and protection. The ERPAT strategy gives
importance to the responsibility of a father in the family.
e.2.Strengthening VAWC Implementation is to eradicate or lessen cases of physical,
sexual, physiological harm or suffering, or economic abuse including threats of such
acts, battery, assault, coercion, harassment or arbitrary deprivation of liberty.

f. NUTRITION SERVICES is to ensure proper nourishments of undernourished children

being monitored by the Barangay Nutrition Scholars. It is regularly conducted in every
Barangay with prevalence of malnutrition.

g. SPECIAL CONCERN SERVICES is a provision of assistance to Children in Conflict with

the Laws, Violence against Women and Children, Rape Victims and Court Related Cases.

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h. SUPPORT SERVICES TO PANTAWID PAMILYA PROGRAM is a provision of staff and

other support services that will help in the successful implementation of the program at
the barangay level particularly in the monitoring of beneficiaries compliance specifically in
the conduct of Family Development-Session. Pantawid Pamilya program was started on
October 2010.

The Local Social Welfare Officer if in-charge in the planning, execution, monitoring
and supervision of all the programs and services of MSWD Office particularly in early child
care and development program.

4.4.2 Current and Future Needs

As earlier stated, the Local Social Welfare and Development Office is responsible for
responding to the social protection programs and needs of the municipality. Further, it is the
front liner office which provides appropriate services to needy clienteles. But similar to the
health situation, the Social Welfare and Development Office is beset with various problems
and limitations:

a. The office is undermanned. There is a Social Welfare Officer III acted as OIC-Local
Social Welfare and Development Officer and four (4) support staff. Three were hired as
job order and one is a permanent employee. However, due to so many regular programs
being implemented by the department including projects from national and partner
agencies, they are multi-tasking and are having a hard time meeting the targets and
providing quality services to clienteles.

b. Disaster Preparedness. The municipality is within reach of the active Taal Volcano. It
may erupt anytime and the municipality should be prepared with the necessary plan,
logistics, actions and measures to avoid big losses, not only on properties but most
importantly, the lives of the people. The LGU’s immediate concern is to coordinate with
other government offices, NGOs and other private sectors within and outside the locality
so as not to be caught flatfooted for any disaster that may come. The role of the Local
Social Welfare and Development is to implement the food/relief operation and
rehabilitation including the psychosocial support to affected families but, due to lack of
disaster management budget which is allotted by the Social Welfare Office, the
department is fully dependent on the budget and trainings being provided by the
MDRRMO.

c. Early Child Care and Development Program – The program focus on 3-5 years old
children that needs to teach and provide appropriate services for Day Care. There are
only 18 Day Care Centers in 18 barangays but only 6 centers were met the standard Day
Care Center as required by the Department of Social Welfare and Development. Out of 24
Day Care Workers, 2 are conducting tutorials since they did not meet the required number
of children which is minimum of 15 day care children per day care center. Insufficient
amenities and facilities as well as standard day care centers are some of the struggles
being face by the department. Further, honorarium of day care workers hardly sustain by
the Barangays and the department due to limited IRA and budget of the office the reason
why, participation fee is still collected from the children’s parents. Gaps in the program
implementation are needed to be complied by the department as a requirement to meet
the fully functional results of functionality assessment of DSWD.

d. Skills Enhancement and Livelihood Program. Farming and fishing are the municipality’s
main source of income. The office needs to coordinate and maintain close linkages with

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other agencies for funding. However, ensuring sustainability of all livelihood projects of the
municipality is quite difficult considering that every group should be organized into
association, closely monitoring is highly needed to ensure that they will be able to sustain
their income generating project.
e. Resource Mobilization and Generation. The Municipality of Laurel is a 3rd class
municipality with limited sources of revenue despite of vast resources available in the
area. The municipality is IRA dependent and basically relies on taxes being collected in
the tax payers. One of the supports that can be provided by the SWO III is to assist the
LGU in tapping outside resources, other than the budget contributed by the LGU.

Table 43. Historical Number of Population Served by Type of Clientele System

Previous Years
Type of Clientele 2011
2008 2009 2010
Senior Citizen 819 740 981 2726
Solo Parent 10 15 20 58
PWD 12 8 8
Malnourished Children 800 676 740 674
AICS 140 150 160
Data Source: MSWDO

ANALYSIS MATRIX
SOCIAL WELFARE SERVICES
TECHNICAL FINDINGS/ IMPLICATION/EFFECTS POLICY
OBSERVATIONS OPTIONS/INTERVENTIONS/
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Insufficient number of staff MSWDO staffs are multi-tasking Provision of additional
which may result to poor competent and permanent staff
implementation of related
programs and services
Insufficient facilities and Poor quality of day care service Provision of equipment and
amenities for Day Care being provided to day care learning materials to day care
Center children as well as failure to centers
comply in ECCD compliance
Insufficient number of Construction of standard Day
standard day care centers Care Centers
in every barangay
Some organized sectors Inability to have sustainable Strengthening of sectoral
are inactive projects that will contribute to organizations
their development
Emerging numbers of Inability to act appropriately to Strengthening Barangay
youth/children involves in cases due to RA 9344 Council for the protection of
various crimes and petty loopholes. There is also a Children and VAWC Desk
cases that violates laws as frequent withdrawal of VAWC Officer
well as wife battering cases by the victims resulting to
continuous problem within the
family
Absence of GAD Code & Poor implementation of GAD Appropriation ordinance
Children Welfare Code and related programs, projects and
Early Child Care activities Enactment of ordinances
Development governing GAD Code and
Children Welfare Code

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Insufficient livelihood and Increasing rate of poverty Strengthening sectoral groups

economic programs incidence to adopt proper training,
allocation of funding
requirements to sustain
livelihood
Insufficient program to Increasing rate of mortality and Continuous health education
control malnutrition rate morbidity and provision of health
assistance
Insufficient programs for Poor implementation of Adopt sectoral program and
Senior citizen, women, programs, projects and activities strengthen capabilities for
disabled, children, OSY for Senior citizen, women, sustainability
and solo parent disabled, children, OSY and
solo parent
Large number of Occurrence of poverty incidence Conduct of Job Fair
unemployment
Adopt alternative livelihood
program

4.5 PROTECTIVE SERVICES

4.5.1 Facilities and Manpower
The Laurel Municipal Police Station is located inside the Municipal Site. The old
building was replaced by the modern type of PNP building which is the typical design from the
national PNP Headquarters assisted project. The 400 square meter of lot within the Municipal
Site has been donated to the PNP for this project by the Local Government Unit in CY 2011.
Another 9 square meters of outpost facility is located in Dayap Itaas with 3 personnel manning
all day round while the central command post has 19 manpower. This station is equipped with
1 mobile patrol jeep, 1 patrol car and 3 motorcycles. The detention center has the capacity of
16 people. As of 2014, a total of 27 policemen assigned in the municipality coping up a ratio of
1:1386 which is still behind the national ratio mandated under PD 1184.

At present, there is a fire protective service available with one fire officer and -
firefighting personnel. This member is still behind national ratio under PD 1184 of 1:2000
people

On the other hand, availability of 145 Barangay Tanod serves the needed assistance
during the call of times.

4.5.1.1 Adequacy
Considering the standard requirement of 1 police per 1,000 populations, the
Municipality is still in need of a total of 39 policemen. Half of the requirement or around 20
firemen should be in the fire station at any given time in response to immediate need. During
the last five years, it can be noted that no incidence of fire occurred in the locality.

On the other hand there is a need for an additional 11 firemen to cope up standard
requirements.

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4.5.1.2 Services Rendered

Laurel town has posted the lowest crime rate in the entire province as declared by
Batangas PPO. Related crimes mostly attributed to the use of illegal drugs and other personal
crimes. To maintain general peace and order in the locality, the police visibility has been
intensified, several programs and activities have been rendered in the barangay like
symposium on anti-illegal drugs, conduct of “Oplan Sita” and checkpoints on strategic places
are being undertaken. Community Programs related to cleaning and greening activities were
introduced to gain a complete level of understanding about its importance to everyday living.

In totality, crime incidence could be minimized, thru implementation of related laws

and local ordinances, intensifying visibility efforts and coping up police work force
requirements should be in place.

Table 44. Barangay Tanod by Type of Service, Year 2010

Type of Services Barangay No. of Facilities
Volunteer/Staff
Traffic, Peace and As-is 7 Barangay Hall
Order, Disaster, Balakilong 11 Barangay Hall
Auxiliary Services Berinayan 8 Barangay Hall
Bugaan East 8 Barangay Hall
Bugaan West 7 Barangay Hall
Buso-Buso 11 Barangay Hall
Dayap Itaas 8 Barangay Hall
Gulod 8 Barangay Hall
Leviste 8 Barangay Hall
Molinete 8 Barangay Hall
Niyugan 3 Barangay Hall
Paliparan 5 Barangay Hall
Poblacion 1 5 Barangay Hall
Poblacion 2 5 Barangay Hall
Poblacion 3 2 Barangay Hall
Poblacion 4 1 Barangay Hall
Poblacion 5 6 Barangay Hall
San Gabriel 9 Barangay Hall
San Gregorio 11 Barangay Hall
Sta. Maria 6 Barangay Hall
Ticub 8 Barangay Hall
TOTAL 145
Data Source: MLGOO

Table 45. Crime Incidence by Barangays by Type, by Sex of Offender

for the Last Five (5) Years
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Barangays Type of crime
Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female
Balakilong Murder 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Poblacion 1 Murder 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Leviste Murder 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Balakilong RA 9165 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Buso-Buso RA 9165 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bugaan East Murder 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Poblacion 2 Frustrated Murder 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Paliparan Frustrated Murder 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

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2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Barangays Type of crime
Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female
Buso-Buso RA 9165 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Poblacion RA 9165 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Berinayan RA 9165 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Berinayan RA 9165 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ticub RA 9165 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ticub RA 9165 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Molinete Murder 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
San Gabriel Murder 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Dayap Itaas Murder 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Poblacion 2 Murder 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Berinayan Frustrated Murder 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Berinayan Rape 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Dayap Itaas RA 9165 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Dayap Itaas RA 9165 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Dayap Itaas RA 9165 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Poblacion 4 RA 9165 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
Berinayan RA 9165 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Poblacion 2 RA 9165 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Paliparan RA 9165 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Balakilong RA 9165 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Leviste RA 9165 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Poblacion 2 RA 9165 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Leviste RA 9165 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Leviste RA 9165 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Poblacion 2 RA 9165 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
Balakilong RA 9165 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Balakilong RA 9165 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Poblacion 2 RA 9165 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Dayap Itaas Theft 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
San Gregorio Rape 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Balakilong Theft 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Leviste Theft 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Ticub RA 9287 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Ticub RA 9287 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Berinayan RA 9287 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Berinayan Physical Injury 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
Berinayan RA 9165 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Poblacion 2 Homicide 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Dayap Itaas Homicide 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Balakilong Homicide 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Balakilong RA 8294 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Berinayan Homicide 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Dayap Itaas RA8080 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Balakilong RA9287 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Balakilong RA9165 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Poblacion 4 Murder 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
San Gabriel Theft 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Ticub RA9287 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Leviste RA 8294 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Poblacion RA9165 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Buso-Buso RA9165 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

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2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Barangays Type of crime
Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female
Poblacion 3 RA9165 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
San Gregorio Robbery 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Molinete Murder 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Poblacion 3 Theft 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Niyugan Murder 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Buso-Buso RA9165 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Balakilong RA9165 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Buso-Buso RA8294 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Niyugan Alarm & Scandal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
TOTAL 5 0 9 0 9 1 23 2 18 1
Data Source: PNP

Table 46. Crime Incidence from 2007-2011

TYPE OF CRIME NO. OF INCIDENCE
Comprehensive Drug Use Act (RA 9165) 31
Murder, Frustrated Murder and Homicide 18
Theft and Robbery 6
Illegal Gambling (RA 9287) 5
Rape 2
Physical Injury 1
Alarm & Scandal 1
Illegal Possession of Firearms (RA 8294) 3
RA 8080 1
TOTAL 68

Table 47. Current and Projected Requirement for Police and for Firemen
Year Projected Police Force Firemen
Population Requirement* Requirement
Current 2010 36,835 22 0
2011 39444 39 20
2012 40475 40 20
2013 42089 42 21
2014 43477 43 22
2020 52821 53 26
2022 56363 56 28
* Computed Based on Population Projections & Standard Ratios.

ANALYSIS MATRIX
PROTECTIVE SERVICES
TECHNICAL FINDINGS/ IMPLICATION/EFFECTS POLICY
OBSERVATIONS OPTIONS/INTERVENTIONS/
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Increasing number of illegal Increasing rate of crime Strict implementation of related
drug personalities and drug incidence and poor laws and amendment of existing
dependents maintenance of peace and ordinance
order

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Proliferating number of Decreased conduciveness Drug Prevention and Eradication

illegal drug-related activities for investments on tourism, Program
commerce and trade
Proliferation of loose Illegal possession of Intensify police visibility efforts
firearms firearms and ammunition
Glaring violations of traffic Traffic accidents Amendment and strict
laws implementation of existing
ordinance
Insufficient number of police Existence of a new Resolution requesting for
force assigned in the locality municipal PNP building additional police force

4.6 SPORTS AND RECREATION

Similar to other municipalities in the country, the most common form of sports and
recreation among the youth and other sectors is basketball. Currently, 20 barangays have
their own basketball court with a few having 2-3 courts. The basketball court in the town
proper is located in Municipal Site.

Other than basketball, the youth group is also involved in other sports activities such
as volleyball and softball. An inter-barangay sports competition is usually held in the town
plaza, where the concrete basketball court is located.

There are also other sports facilities in Laurel like the cockpit arena and the movie
theater, though the latter is now non-operational.

By the lakeshore, there are resorts existing where one can go on picnic, go swimming
or hire boats going to Taal Volcano. Though at the moment, resorts need improvements to be
more attractive and likewise optimize its use.

4.6.1 Current and Future Needs

The town of Laurel has very limited sports facilities. As mentioned, the most common
and available is basketball. But, the development of sports and recreational activities has
great potential, considering its rich natural and physical resources. But currently, problems
besetting the sector hinder its further development. These are problems, issues and concerns
needed to be acted upon. Among these are the following:

a. Inadequacy of Facilities. The residents of Laurel, especially the youth, love

basketball and it is one of its major sports activities. Out of 21 barangays, 20 have their own
basketball court, but, not all basketball courts are in good condition. Most of them are not
lighted and some are not even paved. Basketball enthusiasts need to bear with what is
available.

These courts can also be transformed into a multi-purpose sports facility like
volleyball courts. But the needed facilities are lacking.

b. Complementary Programs and Projects. The youth sector accounts to about 60%
of the town’s total population. Currently, there is no well-defined program for sports
development for the youth except for the inter-barangay sports competition.

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Sports development programs and projects need be formulated and coordinated with
concerned government offices.

c. Limited Budget/Resources. This is one of the major factors that hamper continuous
development of the sector. It is then necessary for the government to tap other possible fund
sources or work for resources mobilization.

Table 48. Existing Sports and Recreational Facilities by Barangay, Year 2010
Barangay Sports Facilities Recreation Facilities
Sports Facilities Area Owner Physical Recreation Area Owner Physical
ship Condition Facilities ship Condition
(Good, (Good,
Poor, Poor,
Critical) Critical)
As-is 1 Basketball 660 sq.m. public fair none NA NA NA
court
Balakilong 1 Basketball 380 sq.m. public fair 3 Swimming private fair
court Pool
Berinayan 1 Basketball 770 public fair 1 swimming 100 private fair
court sq.m. pool sq.m.
1 Basketball 210 sq.m. private fair none NA NA NA
court
Bugaan West Basketball 500 sq.m. public fair none NA NA NA
court
Buso-Buso none NA NA NA swimming NA private good
pool, park &
playground
Dayap Itaas 1 Basketball half court private poor none NA NA NA
court
Gulod none NA NA NA none NA NA NA
Leviste 1 Basketball 650 sq.m. public good none NA NA NA
court
Molinete Basketball 470 sq.m. public fair none NA NA NA
court
Niyugan 2 Basketball 400 sq.m. public fair none NA NA NA
court
Paliparan 1 Basketball Half court public fair none NA NA NA
court
Poblacion 2 Gymnasium 1,430 sq.m. public good none NA NA NA
Basketball 364 sq.m. public good none NA NA NA
Court
Poblacion 5 1 Basketball 380 sq.m. public fair none NA NA NA
court
San Gabriel 1 Basketball 450 sq.m. public fair none NA NA NA
court
San Gregorio 7 Basketball 470 sq.m. public fair none NA NA NA
Court
Sta. Maria 2 Basketball 350 sq.m. public fair none NA NA NA
court
Ticub 1 Basketball 280 sq.m. public fair none NA NA NA
court
Source: Barangay Data

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Table 49. Potential Sports/Recreation Facility, Year 2011

NAME OF LOCATION TYPE OF CLASSIFI- OWNERSHIP OF AREA OF CONDITION
POTENTIAL POTENTIAL CATION/KIND POTENTIAL POTENTIAL OF POTENTIAL
RECREATION RECREATION OF POTENTIAL RECREATION RECREATION RECREATION
FACILITY FACILITY RECREATION FACILITY FACILITY FACILITY
PUBLIC (IN SQ.M )
PRIVATE
REC_NM REC_LOC REC_TP REC_CL REC_OWN REC_ARE REC_CON
A
Basketball 20 barangays 19 open active 20 public, 20 1800 sq. good
Court courts and exclusive for m/barangay
1 gym members
Billiard Hall Buso- indoor passive private 25 sq. m good
Buso,Gulod,Sta. each
Maria, San
Gregorio, Ticub,
Leviste,
Balakilong,
Berinayan,
Molinete, Bugaan
East
Internet Café Balakilong, indoor passive private 10 sq. m good
Poblacion 1, each
Poblacion 2,
Buso-Buso, Gulod
Card Games 21 barangays Occasional passive private 7.5 sq.m. good
each
Cockpit Poblacion 3 passive public 3,000 sq.m. needs
Arena improveme
nt
Mahjong 21 barangays Occasional passive private 7.5 sq.m. good
Place each
Fishing Area Berinayan, lake passive public 2,200,000 good
Leviste, offshore, sq.m.
Balakilong, river
Bugaan East,
Gulod, Buso-
Buso, Poblacion 3
& 4, San Gabriel
Swimming Buso-Buso, outdoor active private needs
Pool/Resort/ Balakilong, improveme
Beach Berinayan, San nt
Gregorio, Sta.
Maria, Poblacion
3,
Adventure Paliparan, San outdoor active 2 public, 1 2000 needs
Camp/Trekki Gabriel, Sta. private meters improveme
ng/Hiking Maria, nt
Areas
Firing Range Bugaan West, outdoor active private 5000 sq.m. needs
Dayap Itaas, Sta. improveme
Maria, Ticub nt

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NAME OF LOCATION TYPE OF CLASSIFI- OWNERSHIP OF AREA OF CONDITION

POTENTIAL POTENTIAL CATION/KIND POTENTIAL POTENTIAL OF POTENTIAL
RECREATION RECREATION OF POTENTIAL RECREATION RECREATION RECREATION
FACILITY FACILITY: RECREATION FACILITY; FACILITY FACILITY
PUBLIC; (IN SQ.M )
PRIVATE;
Picnic Poblacion 3, outdoor passive public Pob3 - needs
Grounds Paliparan, 1000 q.m. improveme
Sta.Maria, San Paliparan - nt
Gabriel 1000 sq.m.
Sta. Maria -
1000, San
Gabriel -
1000
Golf Course Dayap Itaas, San outdoor active private good
Gregorio
Biking Trail Sta. Maria, outdoor active public Sta.Maria - needs
Paliparan 5km improveme
Paliparan - nt
5km

Table 50. Required Land Area of a Recreation or Sports Facility and the Area Available

BARANGAY POPULATION AREA REQUIRED AREA AVAILABLE

(sq.m.) (sq.m.)
As-is 2324 1162 364
Balakilong 3895 1947.5 364
Berinayan 1959 979.5 660
Bugaan West 2568 1284 600
Dayap Itaas 583 291.5 210
Leviste 2287 1143.5 700
Molinete 1569 784.5 420
Niyugan 1372 686 364
Paliparan 934 467 420
Poblacion 2 1318 659 1152
Poblacion 5 745 372.5 420
San Gabriel 2489 1244.5 420
San Gregorio 3298 1649 2940
Sta. Maria 2072 1036 840
Ticub 2182 1091 420

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ANALYSIS MATRIX
SPORTS AND RECREATION

TECHNICAL FINDINGS/ IMPLICATION/EFFECTS POLICY

OBSERVATIONS OPTIONS/INTERVENTIONS/
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
No specific areas Limited opportunity for Provision for designated areas for
designated for sports and residents to indulge in sports sports and recreation activities in
recreation activities in the and recreation the barangays
barangay except in the
school compound
Sports activity concentrated Other sports activities have Conduct of other sports activities
only to basketball not been developed rather than basketball only
Limited individual to Skills on other sports Encouragement, promotional
initiate/lead/facilitate other activities have not been programs and provision for
sports activities developed assistance to the potential sports
enthusiasts/leaders;

Promotional programs on
prospective investors for the
establishment of wellness and
other recreational activities
Insufficient fund to finance Limited conduct of sports Allocation and solicitation to fund
other sports activities activities sports and recreational activities
Lack of interest and Non-participation of other Initiate information drive/campaign
awareness as to the individuals in the sports re: importance of sports and
importance of sports and activities recreation
recreation to daily lives

5. ECONOMIC SECTOR
5.1 AGRICULTURE
The three basic means of livelihood in the municipality are: crop cultivation, fishing
and livestock raising. Among the various agricultural activities, crop production and the use of
fish cages involve the most number of people. About 2,325 people are engaged in harvesting
crops, while there are around 2,211 operators and employees of fish cages. Other agricultural
revenues are derived from inland fisheries (528 people), lake fishing (126 persons) and
livestock farming (no employment data).

5.1.1 Crop Production

Considering the fertile volcanic soil of Laurel, it is no surprise that crop production
occupies the most number of people. Rice and coconut are the major crops of the
municipality, both in terms of production and land use. Banana, which was being sold to the
capital region, used to be among the top three crops of Laurel until a disease decimated all
the banana plants a few years ago.
The average rice yield of 4.3 metric tons per hectare of irrigated land translates
roughly to 86 cavans of unmilled rice per hectare, a figure considered to be quite good. On the

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other hand, the average yield of 1.75 metric tons per non-irrigated hectare amounts to only 35
cavans of unmilled rice per hectare and is classified as below par.
Other crops harvested in the municipality include the yellow corn, black pepper,
coffee, root crops, vegetables, and fruits like chico and mango.
Only 186 hectares of agricultural land is irrigated. This area is planted to rice and is
located at the lowlands near the shore.
As a historical comparison, references were made to the previous municipal
comprehensive development plan. It confirms a trend of increasing average rice yield from 70
for irrigated hectare and 30 cavans per non-irrigated hectare. There has been however a
reduction of irrigated land of 44 hectares from 230 hectares.
Similar to the problem facing the fishermen, recent consultations with farmers cited
the insufficient available capital as their main predicament. Unlike their lowland counterparts,
however, crop harvesters also complain of the absence of good farm-to-market roads.
Furthermore, there should be more research done with regard to the decimation of banana
trees in the municipality. Currently, government assistance in abating these kinds of disasters
is inadequate, even in efforts to revive the banana industry.
Unfavorable weather conditions also occasionally beset the farmers. Typhoons
destroy crops and droughts curtail their growth.
Market prices of agricultural crops have generally been stable. While none of the
harvested produce recorded a decrease over the past three years, only rice and corn did not
show an appreciation in selling prices.
Currently, coconut farmers are facing serious problems due to attack of scale insect
pest destroying the leaves of coconuts. It will greatly affect economic status of the farmers
being the primary source of livelihood especially in the rural areas. The PCA should be in a
hurry to look for the safest possible solution to control and abolish this kind of pest otherwise
this would be a great lose to the farmers with great impact to the LGU revenues.

5.1.2 Livestock and Poultry Production

There are no commercial poultry or livestock farms in the municipality. Practically all
farm animals are raised in backyards, a significant portion of them for domestic consumption.
This is markedly prevalent in the uplands, where fisheries and irrigated agriculture are
inaccessible or infeasible.
A survey conducted in February 1999 by the Office of Agricultural Services shows
that on the basis of population, the foremost farm animals are the native chicken, followed by
the cattle and the swine. There are also considerable populations of broiler chickens, horses,
carabaos, and goats.
Livestock and poultry raisers of the municipality, like the fishcage operators, are also
affected by the high cost of feeds. They moreover fear the spread of diseases and pests. Like
the crop farmers, animal farmers point out the difficult accessibility posed by the insufficient
good farm-to-market roads as one of their problems.

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5.1.3 Fisheries and Aquaculture

Owing to its location along the shores of Taal Lake, Laurel has always been a fishing
village. The lake’s unique marine life actually provides an unmatched advantage to its
lakeshore towns over other fishing communities near Laguna Lake and Balayan Bay. Endemic
species have become popular for their delectable tastes. Other non-endemic species, like the
tilapia, are also in demand because those coming from Taal’s waters are considered to have a
different relish than those coming from other nearby bodies of water. Thomas Hargrove, in his
book “The Mysteries of Taal,” writes about the lake’s fascinating marine fauna. Perhaps the
best known catch is the tawilis (Herengula tawilis), which is a freshwater sardines. It grows to
a length of about 10 cm. and is unique to the lake. Another popular fish is the yellow fin jack,
locally called maliputo (Caranx ignobilis). It migrates from the lake through the Pansipit River
to spawn at sea before it returns to Taal. Aside from the tilapia, fishes familiar to the Filipinos
which are found in the lake include the dalag and the ayungin.
Other less prevalent fish species include the maya-maya or red snapper, mullets,
silversides, anchovies, gobies, and the igat or Pacific freshwater eel (Anguilla
marmorata).Crustaceans include the katang (a small crab) and the apta or yapyap (minute
prawns). Mollusks, on the other hand, are of two types. One is the paros, and the other is the
suso (Melania blatta).
The fisheries sector in Laurel may be divided into three: lake fishing, fishponds, and
fish cages. Presently, however, human-induced fish production is a much bigger enterprise
than the more traditional method of open lake fishing. While fish cages yielded more than
7,000 MT and fish ponds supplied 4.4 MT in 1998, only 1.5 MT of fish were caught by fishing
vessels in the same period. Most of the fishcages are located near the shores of Leviste,
Balakilong, Berinayan, Gulod and Buso-buso.
Fish ponds are utilized to supply fingerlings to the municipality’s fishermen. Fishes
from the cages, however, are sold not only within Laurel but also to Tanauan, Cavite, and
even as far as Manila. Commercial fishing appears to have ceased altogether in Laurel. In
1994, two operators of two commercial fishing vessels producing 2,000 kgs. per market day.
No operators nor fishing vessels nor production were registered in 1998.
On the input side, fishermen showed their concern with the high cost of fish feeds
and, in relation to this, the lack of working capital. The problem of fish kill caused by diseases
and the mortality of fingerlings due to the low temperature of water and fish cages congestion.
There are questions of whether the demise of open fishing over the past years has
been due to overfishing. At present, by implementing the provisions of the Unified Rules and
Regulations mandated by the PAMB on the operations of fish cage in Taal Lake has brought
about significant positive result. The total of 1,360 units of fish cages in Laurel Municipal
Water are properly operated with indication of its profitability and lesser negative impact in the
lake condition.
Each coastal barangay comprising the fish cage belt were allocated to have 272 units
of fish cages with a maximum dimension of 10 meters x 10 meters per unit. As cited in the
PAMB-URR, the proper navigational lanes are being maintained to ensure convenient
circulation, enough passage way for water craft and avoid overcrowding. During bad weather
condition or fish kills in the area, transfer of affected fish cages are allowed temporarily to
occupy open space provided that after such phenomenon the affected cages shall be returned
to the original location.

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The Presidential Commission on Tagaytay-Taal (PCTT) has identified the waters

between Laurel and the Volcano Island from Silangan Point in Bugaan East going south to
Manalaw as a Fish Reserve Zone where open fishing will be prohibited and only the natural
propagation of aquatic resources, particularly the tawilis, is allowed. This might entail the
removal of the numerous fishcages near Barangay Buso-buso. Futhermore, the rest of
Laurel’s shoreline has been classified as Aquaculture Zone and Tourism Zone.
Definite and clear rules and regulations on the use of the lake not only for fisheries
but also for other activities must be studied and spelled out. The lake, as an integral part of
the lives of the people of Laurel, must be properly managed. Its sustainability must be
secured.

Table 51. Existing Major Agricultural Crops by Area, Production and Market, Year 2010
Major Crops Area Production Product Market
Hectares % Volume Value Local Export/other
total (MT) per can areas
1. Rice - Irrigated 230 10.80 2,484 Php 200 Food
consumption/
local
2. Corn 198.7 3.27 649.875 Php 13.00 /kilo Local Local
3. Coconut 3,564.50 11.25 40.100 Php 7.00/pc. Local Export
Source: Municipal Agricultural Office
*Identify extent re: provinces, regions, outside Philippines

Table 52. Comparative Agricultural Crop, Areas and Production, Year 2008-2009
Area has. Volume of Production M.T.
Major Crops 2008 2009 Increase/Decrease 2008 2009 Increase/Decrease
RICE 230has. 230 has. Increase 2,293 1,586.10 Increase
Corn 159.5 157.25 Increase 325 356.25 Decrease
Banana
1. Saba 3 5 Decrease 84,000 pcs. 140,000pcs. Increase
2. Lacatan 2 3 Decrease 108,000pcs. 162,000pcs. Increase
Cassava 32 32 Increase 72 M.T. 72 M.T. Increase
Mango 42 37 Increase 1,680 m.t. 1,480 m.t. Decrease
TOTAL 468.5 435.45
Rice Y1 2008 Farmers used Certified Seeds from Tiaong Quezon purchased by LGU thru
Dry Season 50/50 Discounting Scheme from National Government. Dry Season farmers have
highest production cause of good weather condition and no attacks of different insects.
2009 Wet Farmers not availed CS due to the late release of seeds. Farmers used good seeds.
Season Low production due to the effect of Ricebugs on irrigated areas and heavy rains/floods
cause of typhoon ONDOY.
Source: Municipal Agricultural Office.

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Table 53. Existing Livestock and Poultry Farms, Year 2011

Production Product
Type
Classification Volume Value Market
Livestock
1. Cattle backyard 1,812 Heads Php 18,000/head Export
2. Carabao backyard 88 heads Php 25,000/head for farming
use only.
3 Sow backyard 1,527 heads Php 8,000.00/head Export
4. Boar (3 backyard 80 heads Php 10,000/head Export
mos.old)
5. Swine backyard 6,737 heads Php 83.00/kl. Local/ Export
(Fattener)
6. Piglets backyard 8,269 heads Php 1,300/head Local
Poultry
1. Broiler ( 45 backyard 15,693 heads Php 100/kl. Local
days)
2. Native backyard 20,725 heads Php 150/pc. Local/Export
3. Fighting Cock backyard 3,324 heads Php 1,500/head Local/Export
Source: Municipal Agricultural Office
* Type: Livestock – Piggery, cattle, carabao, horse, etc.
Poultry – Chicken, duck, ostrich, etc.
** Classification: Commercial or Backyard
*** Product Market: Local (w/in city/mun.); Export (Outside LGU-prov., region)
Note: If this industry plays a significant role in the local economy, prepare a comparative data

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Table 54. Demand & Supply Projection and Analysis

Demand and Supply Projection Demand and Supply Analysis

Year 2011 2015 2020
Per Capita Dietary/ Standard Projected
39,444 44,911 52,821
Food Requirement Requirement Population
Agricultural Deficit/ Deficit/ Deficit/
Agricultural Product (Kg./year) Demand Supply Demand Supply Demand Supply
Product Surplus Surplus Surplus
M.T. M.T.
1. Cereals & Cereals
124 3,756 4,891,056 3,756 4,887,3009 5,568,964 3,756 5,565,208 6,549,804 3,756 6,546,048
Products
2.Starchy Roots 60 72 2,366,640 72 2,366,568 2,694,660 72 2,694,588 3,169,260 72 3,169,181
3.Vegetables 39 280 1,538,316 280 1,538,036 1,751,529 280 1,751,249 2,060,019 280 2,059,739
4.Fruits 28 272.16 1,104,432 272.16 1,104,160 1,257,508 272.16 1,257,236 1,478,988 272.16 1,478,716
5.Dried Beans, Nuts
4 1,480 152,776 1,480 156,296 179,644 1,480 178,164 211,284 1,480 209,804
& Seeds
6.Fish, Meat &
54 21,867.64 212,976 21,867.64 191,108.36 2,425,194 21,867.64 2,403,326 2,852,334 21,867.64 2,830,466.36
Poultry

Volume of Production = Total Area planted to (ex: Rice) x current yield per hectare
Actual Demand/Required Food Intake = Per Capita Dietary/Food Requirement* x Projected Population at a given year

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Table 55. Existing Fishing Grounds and Aquaculture Production, Year 2011
Fishing Barangay Production Product Market
Grounds Volume / Value Local Export/Other Market
m.t.
1. Taal Lake
(Fishcage 1. Berinayan 4,352 Php Laurel Market Tanauan,Manila,Quezon,
ZONE) 70.00/kl. Cavite,Bicol,Baguio
2. Leviste 4,352 Php Laurel Market Tanauan,Manila,Quezon,
70.00/kl. Cavite,Bicol,Baguio
3. Balakilong 4,352 Php Laurel Market Tanauan,Manila,Quezon,
70.00/kl. Cavite,Bicol,Baguio
4. Gulod 4,352 Php Laurel Market Tanauan,Manila,Quezon,
70.00/kl. Cavite,Bicol,Baguio
5. Buso-Buso 4,352 Php Laurel Market Tanauan,Manila,Quezon,
70.00/kl. Cavite,Bicol,Baguio

ANALYSIS MATRIX

TECHNICAL FINDINGS/ IMPLICATION/EFFECTS POLICY

OBSERVATIONS OPTIONS/INTERVENTIONS/
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Absence of local policies, Denudation of water sheds Adoption of Local Environmental
guidelines and regulations Code
governing forest
conservation and Local ordinance for the prohibition
preservation laws of cutting of trees

Table 56. Existing Agricultural Support Facilities and Services, Year 2010
Post harvest Location Number Type/ % Remarks
facilities Capacity Utilization Operational, needs repair
and support etc.
services
Rice Mill As-is, 4 Operational
Balakilong,
Molinete,
Poblacion 2
Warehouse Poblacion 3 1 0 Not operational
Corn Sheller BugaanWest 1 Needs repair
Private Thresher
Blowers
Hand Tractor Poblacion 3 & 4 3 16 100% Operational
horsepower

Market Centers Poblacion 2 1 100% Operational

Water Pumps 5 coastal 12 100% operational
barangays
Source: DA

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Table 57. Major and Minor Agricultural Occupations/Groups and Urban and Rural Areas,
Year 2007
Location/ Farmers Forestry Location/ Farmers Forestry
Barangay Workers and Barangay Workers and
Fishermen Fishermen
As-Is 280 Paliparan 185
Balakilong 492 Poblacion 1 37
Berinayan 81 Poblacion 2 115
Bugaan East 186 Poblacion 3 97
Bugaan West 373 Poblacion 4 29
Buso-buso 63 Poblacion 5 39
Dayap Itaas 34 San Gabriel 236
Gulod 511 San Gregorio 335
Leviste 257 Santa Maria 330
Molinete 239 Ticub 246
Niyugan 150 Total 4315
Source: National Statistics

Table 58. Agrarian Related Concerns, Year 2010

No. of Farmer
Concerns Location Area (has)
Beneficiaries
CARPable Lands
1. Covered Leviste, Niyugan, Bugaan East, As-is, 317.4188 198
Bayuyungan, San Gabriel, Ticub, San
Gregorio, Paliparan, Poblacion, Berinayan
2. To be Covered Niyugan, San Gabriel, Berinayan, San 288.5694
Gregorio, Ticub, Molinete, Leviste,
Bugaan West
Source: MARO

Table 59. Comparative Area Utilization of Significant Agricultural Activities

2009 2010 2011
Activities Area % Area % Area %
Crop Production 468.5 146.96 435.45 66.43 517.796 70.18
Livestock/Poultry
Fishing 220 has. 31.95 220 has. 33.56 220 has. 29.81
Forest Product
Total 688.5 178.91 655.45 99.99 737.796 99.99
Source: DA

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ANALYSIS MATRIX
AGRICULTURE
TECHNICAL FINDINGS/ IMPLICATION/EFFECTS POLICY
OBSERVATIONS OPTIONS/INTERVENTIONS/
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Decreasing revenues from Stagnant and non-dynamic Provision of support facilities and
agriculture production local economic agricultural infrastructures
activities
Dissemination of information

Absence of centralized Unregulated fishcage Financial intermediation

fishport facility operation
Establishment of central fishport
facility

Lack of post harvest facility Unable to adopt modern Appropriation ordinance and
technique of harvesting adoption of Coastal Resource
Management Plan

Trainings/seminars linkage on
livelihood programs

Establishment of Water Supply

System

Establishment of post harvest

facilities
Inadequate/incomplete Decline in economic viability Construction of Farm to Market
access roads (farm to for agricultural production Roads
market roads)

5.2 COMMERCE AND TRADE

5.2.1 Current Situation

The Laurel Public Market or the so-called Doña Mariqueta Villavicencio de Agoncillo
public market named by virtue of a condition stipulated in the Deed of Donation by the previous
owner is being operated as an economic enterprise of the LGU. It has a total area of 1 hectare
wherein the center of trade for local people is being conducted. Like other markets, it has a
complete facility for wet and dry sections on the inner part and surrounded by major stalls for
different kinds of commodities. As early as the CY 2000, this market was operational for 2
market days scheduled only during Tuesday and Friday but due to increasing demand for
commercial activities, this market uses to operate all day long. On the other hand, commercial
activities are mostly concentrated along Lazaro Malabanan National Highway ranging from
various types of commodities, restaurants and other service-related light industries. The same
trend of commercial development occurred in the ridgeline along General Aguinaldo Highway.
Based on CY 2011 record, there are 511 total registered commercial establishments in the
municipality which contributed a total of Php 1,872,641.81 pesos income of business activities
in terms of business permits issued.

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5.2.2 Current and Future Needs

The growing population of the Municipality requires enough space for the expansion of
market and other commercial areas not only to serve local residents but also those coming in
for any reason. Trade and commercial modernization should be intensified for a balance supply
and demand system. The LGU should adopt a workable investment and incentive code to
encourage entrepreneur put their business in this place.

Table 60. List of Business Permits Issued by Type

Type of Business Permits Issued CY 2011
Wholesale and Retail Trade 261
Hotel and Restaurants, Transport and
Storage 8
Financial Intermediation 2
Real Estate 3
Renting & Business Activities 205
Education 3
Community Services 6
Social Services 1
Personal Services 14
Entertainment & Recreation 8
TOTAL 511
Source: MTO

Table 61. Inventory of Commercial Establishments by Economic Activities

Economic Activities Year 2 - CY 2011
No. of No. of
Establishment Employment
Wholesale and Retail Trade 261 446
Hotel and Restaurants, Transport and Storage 8 71
Financial Intermediation 2 19
Real Estate 3 13
Renting & Business Activities 205 632
Education 3 10
Community Services 6 33
Social Services 1 3
Personal Services 14 42
Entertainment & Recreation 8 13
TOTAL 511 1282
Source: Treasurer’s Office

Table 62. Employment by Type/Classification/Type of Business and Trade

Type/Classification No. of Revenue
Kind of Business and Trade Employment (in peso)
Wholesale and Retail Trade 446 657,286.30
Hotel and Restaurants, Transport
and Storage 71 343,646.36
Communication 2 30,820.00
Financial Intermediation 19 26,734.00
Real Estate 13 271,256.00
Renting & Business Activities 632 803,100.17
Education 10 26,653.40

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Type/Classification No. of Revenue

Kind of Business and Trade Employment (in peso)
Community Services 33 27,072.00
Social Services 3 9,645.00
Personal Services 42 28,127.36
Entertainment & Recreation 13 47,859.80
TOTAL 1284 PHP 2,272,200.39
Source: Treasurer’s Office

Table 63. Existing Programs and Plans for Commerce and Trade, Year 2011
Programs/Projects * Location Budget Schedule of Funding Implementing
Allocation Implementation Sources Agency
Improvement of Public Poblacion 9 million 2012 2013 LGU LGU
Market 2
Construction of Slaughter Poblacion 2.5 million 2013 2014 LGU LGU
House 2
Establishment of Central Poblacion 10 million 2013 2014 LGU LGU
Terminal 2
Establishment of Central Leviste 78 million 2013 2015 LGU LGU
Fishport
Source: MPDC

ANALYSIS MATRIX
ECONOMY
TECHNICAL FINDINGS/ IMPLICATION/EFFECTS POLICY
OBSERVATIONS OPTIONS/INTERVENTIONS/
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
No computer based record Weak/slow economic growth Allocation of fund for total
management system linking rate computerization
between Assessor and
Treasurer
Substandard design and Uncontrolled operation of Establishment of standard
operation of slaughter slaughter house affecting slaughter house facility
house income of the LGU and
quality of slaughtered Purchase lot for slaughter house
animals for the consumers
Enactment of ordinance
Absence of Investment and Lack of interested investors Adoption of Local Investment
Incentive Code Incentive Code

Absence of Market Code Uncontrolled operations and Adoption and/or revision of Market
management of market Code

Lesser income
Delinquency on payment of Limited LGU income Intensive tax collection efficiency
taxes by the task force
Limited budget

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ANALYSIS MATRIX
COMMERCE AND TRADE
TECHNICAL IMPLICATION/EFFECTS POLICY
FINDINGS/ OPTIONS/INTERVENTIONS/
OBSERVATIONS POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Unawareness of the Poor implementation of market Updating and amendments of
duties and policies, rules and regulation market ordinance
responsibilities of stall
owners/vendors Activation of market vendors
association
Absence of Fish port Uncontrolled prices of tilapia Adopt an ordinance governing the
for regulation of fish (demand and supply unmatched) operation and management of
cage industry in the Central Fish Port
lake Unregulated fish cage operation
and poor implementation of the Secure clearance from PAMB,
Unified Rules and Regulation DENR and assistance from the DA
mandated by the PAMB
Implement strictly the URR

MOA between and among

cooperative members and LGU

5.3 INDUSTRY
5.3.1 Current Situation

Minor non-pollutive industrial establishments only exist in the Municipality of Laurel

considering its location and topography but most of all it is located within the protected area
management as defined by the NIPAS Law. These establishments are ranging from
handicrafts, candy factory, sash factory, metal works, fish processing, fruit processing and
garment manufacturing.

There is a need to tap LGU resources and other national agencies assistance to
establish support facilities for non-pollutive light industries for economic and livelihood
upliftment.

5.3.2 Current and Future Needs

The LGU should take into consideration of the existence of abundant resources in the
locality such as coconut, mango, tilapia, bamboo etc. Availability of technologies from the DOST
could be adopted to intensify economic and livelihood activities in the populace.

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ANALYSIS MATRIX

TECHNICAL IMPLICATION/EFFECTS POLICY OPTIONS/INTERVENTIONS/

FINDINGS/ POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
OBSERVATIONS
Low revenues Local resources would Utilize present natural resources of the
from Industrial be left idle municipality
businesses
Disinterest in investing Conduct trainings, seminars and provide
for industrial production funding assistance for livelihood
sustainability among local established
sectors like the Bottom Up Budgeting
component projects of the government

5.4 TOURISM
5.4.1 Current Situation

Tourism is the biggest untapped economic resource of Laurel. For a place of such sheer
beauty, tourist activities and facilities are remarkably absent.

The latest barangay profiles list only seven restaurants and seven canteens in the whole
municipality, none of which is accredited by the Department of Tourism. With regard to resorts,
only Berinayan Beach Resort was listed in the 1998 record of business permits at the municipal
treasury.

Aside from Taal’s triumvirate of caldera, lake and volcano, which together dominate the
landscape, townsfolk consider the Ambon-ambon Falls, the Malagaslas Spring, and the Antona
Cave as the major natural tourist attractions. (See table 64)

The former Presidential Commission on Tagaytay-Taal identified tourism as one of the

three pillars of development for Laurel, together with agriculture and environment. It advocates
the concept of “Farm and Home Hosting” as the main visitor’s accommodation and the fish
culture industry as the lead activity for tourism programs of the municipality.

Potential tourist activities in Laurel are hiking, lake boating, mountain biking, swimming
and diving. A fast developing international sport is adventure racing, which comprises of any
combination of these activities. However, given the municipality’s fragile natural ecology, any
development of tourism in the future should be sustainable. It should also result in some form of
income to the people of Laurel.

As mentioned above, the lake’s tasty fishes are already famous come-ons. The fishing
industry may therefore be showcased in an agri-tourism setting.

Another marketable asset of the municipality is its people. The residents are admirably
hospitable and the local officials are very welcoming and approachable although very
professional.

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5.4.2 Current and Future Needs

In consideration of the municipality’s potential on tourism economic resource, there is a
need to focus on a well balance development to give due importance to the environment and
climate change adaptation.

Feasible projects located on strategic areas where topography can be planned to protect
and enhance the view of Taal Lake and Volcano Island.

Adventure tourism activities like hiking, lake boating, mountain biking, swimming and
diving or combination of these activities will be adapted to the great experience of touching
Mother Nature. This is also the place where the topography, ridge, view, climate and proximity to
major tourist destination in adjacent Tagaytay City could be best considered for the location of
cable car project. Barangay Leviste coastline cable car station then going up thru series of
transmission lines to the next station at Skyranch Tagaytay City can be an option.

Taal lake cruising activity is also an adventure tourism potential. Bugaan river outlet and
its 1KM waterway upstream from the lake can be tapped for the development of dike structure
baywalk and flood control project. However, this can be utilized also for the entry of motorized
boat for lake cruising activity. Public-private Partnership scheme could be an option to realize the
project.

It should be proposed to open up a By-pass Road as a part of Taal Lake circumferential

road from the location of fish port in barangay Leviste passing along the shoreline easement of
barangays Balakilong, Poblacion 3, Poblacion 4 up to Bugaan East is a major link to tourism
activity in the whole area that will bring greater impact also to economic development.

Another phase of Taal Lake Circumferential Road from Bugaan East shoreline easement
going to Buso-Buso via Gulod shoreline is also another option to compliment tourism activities of
the municipality.

Access road going to Malagaslas Spring, Ambon-Ambon Falls and Antona Cave should
be properly developed as well as the foot trails for hiking, amenities and protection measures
adaptation.

Tourism Development Plan should be prepared to prioritize Municipality’s Tourism

resources for a well-planned tourism industry.

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Table 64. Potential Tourist Attractions in the Locality

NAME OF TYPE LOCATION ACCESSIBILITY TOTAL REMARKS
ATTRACTION STATUS DISTANCE
FROM
MUNICIPAL
BUILDING SITE
A. NATURAL ATTRACTIONS
1. Ambon-Ambon River Falls Barangay - By land vehicle, 3 km Best for trekking
Paliparan 2km and picnic
- By foot, I km activities

2. Malagaslas Spring Source Barangay - By land vehicle, 2 3 km Best for trekking

Paliparan km and picnic
- By foot, 1 km activities
3. Antona Cave Natural Cave Barangay San - By land vehicle 2.5 km Religious
Gabriel 3 km activity

4. Palantang Islet Lake escape Barangay - By land 3 km Fishing site,

Islet Bugaan East picnic and
relaxation
B. MANMADE ATTRACTIONS
1. Canyon Woods Hotel, Resort Barangay San By land via Laurel 10 km Hosting of all
Resort and Golf Gregorio Tamayo Provincial kind of events
Course and Road and relaxation
Restaurant
2. Splendido Taal Golf Course Barangay By land via Laurel- 16 km Hosting of all
and Hotel and Dayap Itaas Tamayo-Diokno kind of events
Restaurant Higway and relaxation
3. Twinlakes Shopping Barangay By land via Laurel- 15 km Food trips and
Resort Village and Dayap Itaas Tamayo-Diokno relaxation
Hotel Higway
4. Potters Ridge Hotel and Barangay By land via As-is 7 km Relaxation and
Restaurant Niyugan Niyugan Road hosting of small
event
5. Mountain Ridge Resort and Barangay By land via As-is 7 km Hosting of small
hotel Niyugan Niyugan Road event and
relaxation
6. Amansinaya Resort Barangay Sta. By land 3 km Hosting of small
Resort Maria events, trekking
and relaxation
7. Calinisan Beach Resort Barangay Buso- By land 6 km Hosting of small
Resort Buso event, picnic,
boating,
relaxation
8. Ediville Resort Resort Barangay By land 2 km Holding of small
Balakilong event and picnic
9. Benj Place Resort Barangay By land 50 meters Holding of small
Poblacion 3 event and picnic
10. Wild Juan Restaurant Barangay By land via As-is 7.50 km Food trips and
Paliparan Niyugan Road relaxation
11. Villa Rose Resort Barangay By land 2 km Food trips,
Balakilong relaxation and
holding of small
events

Source: MPDC

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ANALYSIS MATRIX
TOURISM

TECHNICAL FINDINGS/ IMPLICATION/EFFECTS POLICY OPTIONS/INTERVENTIONS/

OBSERVATIONS POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Presence of informal Difficulties in Consultation and meeting with
settlers comprising five (5) implementing tourism stakeholders and developers regarding
barangays (Poblacion 2, plan by different stake tourism and resettlement plans
San Gabriel, Sta. Maria, holders
Dayap Itaas, San Adoption of relocation and rehabilitation
Gregorio) increasing plan between the private owner and
number of informal settlers affected households
on private land
High and steep slopes in Siltation of lake, water Cluster planning on strategic sites and
elevated areas may result ways and flooding in low phasing of development
to serious environmental lying areas Adaptation of Disaster Risk Reduction
degradation in the inland and Climate Change Management Plan
and the lake as well
Adaptation of erosion and siltation
mitigating measures
Phasing of development
Use of innovative techniques and
designs
Threat of volcanic eruption Threat to investors in Adoption of Local Disaster Risk
putting up investments Reduction Management Plan
Strict implementation of Discouraging investors in PAMB guidelines to be simplified and
policies governing the putting up investment or streamlined procedures
NIPAS law for the due to multiple
preservation and requirements Streamlining of processing of
conservation of natural documents
landscape and resources.
Lack of duly organized Absence of Local Enactment of ordinance
tourism council Development Plan Appropriation ordinance
Absence of Tourism Plan, Environmental Activation of tourism council
Environmental & Tourism degradation and
Code unutilized tourism
potentials
Lack of tourism projects Undeveloped tourism Formulation of Tourism Development
potentials Plan
No income
Lack of investors on Unavailability of tourism Appropriation Ordinance
tourism potential master plan Enactment of Ordinance
Underutilized potential Underutilized tourism Identification and development of
tourist spots sites; poor economic potential tourist spots
development benefits
from tourism; Identification of development concepts
unprotected potential that would complement tourism and
tourism areas economic viability

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6. INFRASTRUCTURE SECTOR
6.1 Transportation
6.1.1 Current Situation
The Municipality of Laurel is accessible by land transportation via Talisay, Lemery,
Calaca, or Tagaytay City. No public utility buses transverse this area since passenger jeepneys
and motorcycles are more appropriate modes to service commuters to the neighboring towns.

The transportation modal choices include tricycles, jeepneys, private cars, trucks,
motorcycles and motorized bancas.

At present, jeepneys bound for Tanauan City operate from five o’clock in the morning to
three o’clock in the afternoon. Outside these hours, passengers have to personally contract a
motorcycle or a jeepney to get to destinations outside of the municipality.

In general, a jeepney is available only twice an hour. Departure time is not fixed since
the vehicle leaves only when it is already full. The jeepney fare going to Tanauan is P = 45.00.
The jeepney station is located near the municipal hall in Poblacion 2.

Though there are 209 registered jeepneys in Laurel, the number of passengers is
limited. Not more than 400 commuters (26 trips) ride jeepneys on the busiest days. To address
the situation, the jeepney organization has divided its members into three groups: A, B, and C.
Group A plies the route on the first day, followed by Group B on the following day, and
subsequently by Group C the next day. The cycle is complete when Group A operates on the
fourth day, and so on and so forth.

Several privately owned trucks are used to transport farm produce and livestock to
Manila and other commercial centers. There are also some motorized bancas being used by
the fishermen not only for fishing but also for transporting products and passengers to and from
Taal Volcano Island and nearby towns.

Tricycles are used for short trips within the poblacion and neighboring barangays. On
regular days, there is one tricycle station and it is located near the Municipal Hall in Poblacion 2.
On special days, such as market days (Tuesdays and Fridays), there are two other tricycle
stations, one near the first tricycle terminal and the other in Poblacion 2.

During Sundays, jeepney passengers comprise mainly of those who work in Metro
Manila, Lipa, San Pedro and Sta. Rosa on their way back to their boarding houses. This is
specifically true for the afternoon period from two to four o’clock. In the morning, however,
there were passengers going to Tanauan to shop for items not normally found in Laurel, e.g.,
appliances. A few Sunday commuters were going to see the doctor for medical attention.

Sunday mornings were dominated by passengers who were commuting from homes to
the church and the market and vice versa. This trend extended up to one o’clock on the
afternoon. The rest of the afternoon, so many residents coming home from shopping in
Tanauan.

Lastly, tricycle passengers during weekdays seemed to be largely from the student
population. The interval from early morning up to eleven o’clock registered a huge percentage

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of home-to-school trips. This passenger flow was reversed from eleven thirty until five o’clock in
the afternoon.

6.1.1.1 Inventory of Road Network and Bridges

The road network in the municipality is composed of the national and provincial roads
for inter-municipal travel and municipal streets and barangay roads for trips made within the
locality. National and provincial roads are long stretches of linear roads traversing the rural
landscape of the municipality. Municipal streets are laid out in a grid pattern within the poblacion
area while barangay roads usually branch out on certain points along the national and provincial
roads or extensions of main municipal streets to the outlying rural barangays.

From the poblacion, the main thoroughfare is the Laurel-Talisay-Tanauan national road,
which traverses the northeast direction of the municipality along the lakeshore barangays. The
part of the national road located in Laurel is alternately paved with asphalt and concrete with the
former obviously the original pavement as shown by its deteriorated condition with some
portions already washed out. A road widening project is being implemented in the whole stretch
of Laurel going to Tanauan. Alternative roads, which linked the poblacion to the rest of the
province, are the Laurel-Tamayo provincial road to the west and the Laurel-Agoncillo national
road to the south end of the municipality. The Laurel-Tamayo provincial road, slopes upward
continually towards the ridge. The Laurel-Agoncillo national road is the portion of the proposed
Taal Lake Circumferencial Road. This road passes through rugged terrain. The inventory of
national and provincial roads traversing the municipality is shown in Table 65.

Municipal streets are roads found within the core poblacion area composed of
Poblacion 1 to 4, although Barangay Balakilong located outside the poblacion also exhibit the
same grid pattern. The nodal point of the network of barangay roads traversing the upland
area originates in Poblacion 2 before splitting to the northwest and west direction of the
municipality. Several barangay roads even intersects with the national hi-way on Tagaytay
Ridge. Most distinct of these is the one traversing barangay Niyugan. The barangay roads on
the southern and northeast along the main thoroughfare is in relatively better terrain and
condition. Most of these are along steep slopes and within core settlement cluster in relatively
more progressive barangays. Inventory of municipal streets is shown in Table 65.

Most bridges are located along the national road and the rest are all found within the
Poblacion. In areas where the road would pass narrow canals or creeks, box culvert instead is
being used. Inventory of Bridges is shown in Table 66.

6.1.1.2 External and Internal Mobility

Mobility in the municipality of Laurel is characterized by road based transportation. The
modes of public transportation are jeepney for inter-municipal travel and tricycle and motorcycle
for trips taken within the poblacion and surrounding barangays. As an alternative mode,
motorized bancas may be rented to travel between lakeshore barangays. Motorized bancas
are primarily used for fishing and as a means of transport between the lakeshore municipalities
and the Taal Volcano Island.
The primary road linking the municipality to the road network of the province of
Batangas is the 31 km. (50 min. travel time by car) lakeshore Tanauan-Talisay-Laurel national
road. Tanauan is the nearest urban center and is located along the main thoroughfare. In
Talisay, the national road branches up towards Tagaytay Ridge. It will take 15-20 minutes by
car to drive through the uphill and winding 2-lane concrete road. Tanauan and Tagaytay City

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serve as gateways linking the municipality to the provinces of Batangas, Cavite and Laguna
towards Metro Manila.

6.1.2 Current and Future Needs

The current road condition does not meet the standards for the municipal road
requirement as far as the width is concerned.

On the physical aspect:

• no sidewalks nor pedestrian crossings within the poblacion
• jeepney and tricycle terminals are located on the side of the road
• a portion of the national road has on-going widening activity
• portions of the municipal road are not properly paved

On the operational aspect:

• ineffective jeepney and tricycle operations; this is manifested by the long waiting time in
jeepney terminals and the limited fleet operating times (5:00 am – 3:00 pm for jeepneys,
5:00 am – 9:00 pm for tricycles and 6:00 am – 6:00 pm for motorcycles) oversupply of
vehicles; this is not beneficial for both drivers and passengers as it lowers the revenues of
jeepney and tricycle drivers and also makes the fare expensive vis-à-vis passengers’
incomes

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Table 65. Inventory of Roads by System Classification and Type of Pavement, Year 2011
Roads by System Right of Total Length by Road Surface Type (km)
Classification/Location Way Length Concrete Asphalt Gravel Earth
(km) km % C km % C km % C km % C
As-Is, Laurel, Batangas
Barangay Road 10.414
Total Road Length: 10.414 4.884 5.53
Balakilong, Laurel, Batangas
National Road 1.2 1.2 100 Good
Barangay Road 8.632 4.159 48.2 Good 4.473 52 Poor
Road Creek 1.2 1.2 100 Poor
Total Road Length: 11.032 5.359 5.673
Berinayan, Laurel, Batangas
National Road 2.1 2.1 100 Good
Barangay Road 0.841 0.841
Total Road Length: 2.941 2.941 100
Bugaan East, Laurel, Batangas
National Road 2.569 2.432 94.7 Good 0.137 5.3 Poor
Barangay Road 1.993 1.196 60.0 Good 0.797 40.0 Poor
Total Road Length: 4.562 3.628 0.934
Bugaan West, Laurel, Batangas
Barangay Road 9.394 4.245 45.2 Good 1.706 18.2 Good 3.443 36.6 Poor
Total Road Length: 9.394 4.245 1.706 0 3.443
Buso-Buso, Laurel, Batangas
National Road 2.887 2.817 97.6 Good 0.07 2.4 Poor
Barangay Road 6.127 2.401 39.2 Good 3.726 60.8 Poor
Total Road Length: 9.014 5.218 0 0 3.796
Dayap-Itaas, Laurel, Batangas
National Road 4.7 4.7 100 Good
Barangay Road 3.738 3.5 93.6 Good 0.238 6.4 Poor
Total Road Length: 8.438 8.2 0 0 0.238

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Roads by System Right of Total Length by Road Surface Type (km)

Classification/Location Way Length Concrete Asphalt Gravel Earth
(km) km % C km % C km % C km % C
Gulod, Laurel, Batangas
National Road 0.569 0.569 100.0 Good
Barangay Road 4.03 3.835 95.2 Good 0.195 4.8 Poor
Total Road Length: 4.599 4.404 0 0 0.195
Leviste, Laurel, Batangas
National Road 1.3 1.3 100 Good
Barangay Road 2.372 1.608 67.8 Good 0.764 32.2 Poor
Total Road Length: 3.672 2.908 0 0 0.764
Molinete, Laurel, Batangas
Barangay Road 4.612 2.469 53.5 Good 2.143 46.5 Poor
Total Road Length: 4.612 2.469 2.143
Niyugan, Laurel, Batangas
National Road 1.028 1.028 100 Good
Barangay Road 10.203 6.452 63.2 Good 3.751 36.8 Poor
Total Road Length: 11.231 7.48 0 0 3.751
Paliparan, Laurel, Batangas
National Road 0.759 0.759 100 Good 0
Barangay Road 7.761 3.761 48.5 Good 0 4 51.5 Poor
Total Road Length: 8.52 4.52 0 0 4
San Gabriel, Laurel Batangas
Barangay Road 10.201 5.816 57.0 Good 1.166 11.4 Good 3.219 31.6 Poor
Total Road Length: 10.201 5.816 1.166 0 3.219

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Roads by System Right of Total Length by Road Surface Type (km)

Classification/Location Way Length Concrete Asphalt Gravel Earth
(km) km % C km % C km % C km % C
San Gregorio, Laurel Batangas
National Road 4.2 4.2 100 Good
Provincial Road 3.1 3.1 100 Good
Barangay Road 9.674 6.173 63.8 Good 0.096 1 Good 3.405 35.2 Poor
Total Road Length: 16.974 13.473 0.096 0 3.405
Sta. Maria, Laurel Batangas
Barangay Road 10.038 3.163 31.5 Good 0.651 6.5 Good 6.224 62.0 Poor
Total Road Length: 10.038 3.163 0.651 0 6.224
Ticub, Laurel Batangas
Provincial Road 6.4 6.4 100 Good
Barangay Road 4.251 2.961 69.7 Good 1.29 30.3 Poor
Total Road Length: 10.651 9.361 0 0 1.29
Poblacion Area, Laurel Batangas
National Road 1.5 1.5 100 Good
Provincial Road 1.33 1.33 100 Good
Municipal/Barangay Road 10.442 8.074 2.368
Total Road Length: 13.272

National Road 22.812

Provincial Road 10.83
Municipal Road 10.442
Barangay Road 104.281
Road Creek 1.2
Total Road Length 149.565

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Table 66. Inventory of Bridges by Location, Type, Capacity and Condition, Year 2011
Bridge Name Location (Sitio & Barangay) Length (km) Type Road Capacity (Tons) Physical Condition
Tabangan Bridge Balakilong, Laurel Batangas 0.027 Concrete 20 Tons Good
Berinayan Bridge Berinayan, Laurel , Batangas 0.028 Concrete 20 Tons Good
Leviste Bridge Leviste, Laurel, Batangas 0.021 Concrete 20 Tons Good
Leviste Bridge Leviste, Laurel, Batangas 0.032 Concrete 20 Tons Good
Pata Bridge Poblacion 4, Laurel, Batangas 0.025 Concrete 20 Tons Good
Alas-As Bridge Poblacion 5, Laurel, Batangas 0.041 Concrete 20 Tons Good
Bugaan Bridge Poblacion 3, Laurel, Batangas 0.038 Concrete 20 Tons Good
San Gabriel Bridge San Gabriel, Laurel, Batangas 0.019 Concrete 10 Tons Good
Source: MEO Type: Concrete, Steel, Wood, Others Physical Condition: GOOD-Acceptable/Serviceable POOR-Needs Improvement CRITICAL-For Priority Action

Table 67. Inventory of Ancillary Road Facilities, Year 2011

TYPE OF ANCILARRY NO. OF ANCILLIARY

ROAD FACILITIES ROAD FACILITIES
Waiting Sheds 129
Street Lights 1180
Road Signage 42
Landmark 28
Source: Barangay

Table 68. Location of Ancillary Road Facilities, Year 2011

TYPE OF ANCILLIARY ROAD NATIONAL PROVINCIAL MUNICIPAL BARANGAY
FACILITIES ROAD ROAD ROAD ROAD
Waiting Sheds 20 22 8 79
Street Lights 160 81 215 724
Road Signage 25 0 7 10
Landmark 7 1 1 19
Source: Barangay

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Table 69. Land Transportation Terminals by Location and Condition, Year 2010
NAME OF BARANGAY AREA TYPE OF TERMINAL PHYSICAL
TERMINAL OCCUPIED PUBLIC UTILITY FACILITIES CONDITION*
(Has.) USING THE
TERMINAL
LODA Terminal Poblacion 3 250 sq.m. Jeepney Waiting area, Poor
comfort room
LATODA Terminal Poblacion 2 250 sq.m. Tricycle & Waiting area, Poor
motorcycle comfort room
Source: Municipal Engineering Office

Table 70. Road Accidents by Nature, Location and Frequency for the Past 3 Years
Location Nature 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Total
As-is Vehicular Accident 1 1 0 0 0 2
Balakilong Vehicular Accident 2 1 2 2 2 9
Berinayan Vehicular Accident 3 3 2 2 2 12
Bugaan East Vehicular Accident 2 2 2 2 1 9
Bugaan West Vehicular Accident 1 1 1 1 1 5
Buso-Buso Vehicular Accident 1 2 1 1 1 6
Dayap Itaas Vehicular Accident 4 2 2 2 4 14
Gulod Vehicular Accident 1 0 1 2 1 5
Leviste Vehicular Accident 1 1 1 1 1 5
Molinete Vehicular Accident 0 0 1 1 1 3
Niyugan Vehicular Accident 1 1 1 1 1 5
Paliparan Vehicular Accident 0 0 1 0 1 2
Poblacion 1 Vehicular Accident 0 1 1 1 1 4
Poblacion 2 Vehicular Accident 0 1 2 1 1 5
Poblacion 3 Vehicular Accident 1 0 1 2 1 5
Poblacion 4 Vehicular Accident 2 2 1 2 1 8
Poblacion 5 Vehicular Accident 1 1 1 1 1 5
San Gabriel Vehicular Accident 2 2 1 2 0 7
San Gregorio Vehicular Accident 3 2 2 2 3 12
Sta. Maria Vehicular Accident 0 1 1 1 1 4
Ticub Vehicular Accident 0 1 2 0 1 4
TOTAL 26 25 27 27 26 131
Source: Municipal Police Office

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ANALYSIS MATRIX
INFRASTRUCTURE
POLICY OPTIONS/INTERVENTIONS/
TECHNICAL IMPLICATION/EFFECTS POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
FINDINGS/
OBSERVATIONS
Undeveloped access Lack of opportunity for Road opening and upgrading program
road linking to other development and from Brgy. Road to Municipal (Poblacion
towns and contiguous improvement 2, San Gabriel, Sta. Maria to Dayap Itaas)
tourist destination
Road construction for Eco-tourism sites
access
Narrow national road Slow Funding allocation by the National
linking towns of development/improvement Government (DPWH) for widening and
Talisay-Laurel- of the area concreting/asphalting
Agoncillo
Slow traffic mobilization
Dilapidated roads and Social services may not be Road Rehabilitation Program from Earth to
sub-standard road easily accessed by the Concrete (Brgy. As-Is, Brgy. Balakilong,
network in the community Brgy. Buso-buso, Brgy. Paliparan & Brgy.
barangays Sta Maria)

Insufficient drainage Flooding in the low lying Funding allocation by the DPWH for
system along national areas proper drainage system along national
roads road
Siltation along roadways
and canal
Flooding and siltation Flooding in Poblacion area Road Improvements for all barangays
in the low lying areas and nearby barangays (Provision of streetlights, emergency
of Poblacion and other telephone lines, and sidewalks systems
barangays River overflowing with planted trees)

Erosion occur on DPWH Fund allocation

riverbanks
LGU Fund allocation
Damage to agriculture
crops and fish ponds due Establishment of Standard Road Network
to flooding System

Adopt adequate drainage plan

Tap the assistance of private investors for

a possible implementation of Road
Network and Flood Control project thru
Public-Private Partnership scheme.
Presence of informal Illegal settlers on RROW Ordinance prohibiting squatting on RROW
settlers occupying the prone to accident and and public domain
areas of waterways, hazard brought by
coastline salvage calamities
zone and road right of
way

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Absence of sufficient Undeveloped Improvement of Existing Transport

space for terminal of transportation hub for Terminal in Poblacion 2 for PUV/PUJ and
public transport encouragement of Provision of Pay Parking Facility for
system recreational and Private Vehicles
commercial activity Construction of Satellite Transport
Inconvenience to the Terminals on Agro-Eco Tourism Sites
general public when 24 Hours available transport coming in
traveling and commuting in and out of Laurel
and out of Laurel

6.2 Power
Electric power in the municipality is being supplied by the Batangas Electric
Cooperative (BATELEC II) through its connection with the Luzon Grid operated by the National
Power Corporation (NAPOCOR). BATELEC II extended power service in the municipality
through its 10 MVA-substation which was established in Tanauan as recent as 1980. This
substation is one of the two located in Tanauan and provides power to four barangays of
Tanauan and the municipalities of Talisay and Laurel. Laurel being the farthest receives only
2,380 KVA, which is sufficient enough to meet the existing power demand of the municipality.

The economic cost of distributing power to remote and scattered settlements far from
existing main lines is the major constraint for extending power supply to the entire municipality.
Barangay power associations (BAPA) were instituted to address part of the problem. Power
lines are extended in strategic locations and common or main meters were installed and used
as the basis for the collection of fees. From this point on the BAPA already took in charge of
the operation of distributing power to individual households. Five upland barangays are too far
to avail this type of set-up and those that are near the national highway on Tagaytay Ridge tap
the Meralco lines instead.

At present, the 10 MVA-substation in Barangay Ticub has facilitated the transmission of

electric power in to Laurel and some of the Talisay areas.

Table 71. Households Served and Un-served by Electricity, Year 2009

BARANGAY AREA NO. OF Percentage NO. OF Percentage %
(Has.) HOUSEHOLD % HOUSEHOLD NOT
SERVED SERVED
Urban
Poblacion 1 108 99 91.67 9 8.33
Poblacion 2 241 228 94.61 13 5.39
Poblacion 3 134 129 96.27 5 3.73
Poblacion 4 122 116 95.08 6 4.92
Poblacion 5 133 124 93.23 9 6.77
Sub-total 738 696 94.31 42 5.69
Rural
As-is 407 381 93.61 26 6.39
Balakilong 736 706 95.92 30 4.08
Berinayan 355 346 97.46 9 2.54
Bugaan East 355 341 96.06 14 3.94
Bugaan West 464 435 93.75 29 6.25
Buso-buso 483 451 93.37 32 6.63

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BARANGAY AREA NO. OF Percentage NO. OF Percentage %

(Has.) HOUSEHOLD % HOUSEHOLD NOT
SERVED SERVED
Dayap Itaas 102 83 81.37 19 18.63
Gulod 475 436 91.79 39 8.21
Leviste 410 392 95.61 18 4.39
Molinete 289 279 96.54 10 3.46
Niyugan 235 202 85.96 33 14.04
Paliparan 167 116 69.46 51 30.54
Sab Gabriel 450 380 84.44 70 15.56
San Gregorio 611 580 94.93 31 5.07
Sta. Maria 375 329 87.73 46 12.27
Ticub 415 392 94.46 23 5.54
Sub-total 6329 5849 92.42 480 7.58
Total 7067 6545 92.61 522 7.39
Source: CBMS 2009

Table 72. Number of Connections by Type of Users and Average Consumption (KwH/Mo.)
Year 2010
Ave. Consumption
Type of Connection Number of Connections
(KWH/mo.)
Residential Customers
Communal 2971 276,535
Bapa 80 140,241
Low Voltage Customers
Public Building 34 24,414
Streetlights 30 25,109
Commercial 49 46,128
Industrial - Small 3 35,591
CWS - Irrigation 20 78,393
High Voltage Customers
Commercial 5 59,194
Small Industrial 2 51,377
TOTAL 3194 736,982
Source: BATELEC

ANALYSIS MATRIX
POWER
POLICY
TECHNICAL FINDINGS/
IMPLICATION/EFFECTS OPTIONS/INTERVENTIONS/
OBSERVATIONS
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Fluctuating power supply Poor power service Upgrading strategy needed

6.3 Water
6.3.1 Current Situation
The water supply system of the municipality consists of waterworks system, communal
distribution system and point source. Rainwater collection is still in its primitive practice wherein
small containers are used as storage facilities. It is observed that the type of source of supply
and the difficulty in tapping it is relative to the elevation of the barangay served.

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The new waterworks system serves eleven (11) barangays in the poblacion and
adjacent and is operated by Balibago Waterworks, a private company. The source of water is a
deepwell and is located in Poblacion 2. The utility is operated by the use of submersible pump
of 7 HP with water generation capacity of 10 gallons per minute and reservoir storage capacity
of 20,000 gallons. Water is distributed by gravity flow in a branching pattern of pipes.

There are upland barangays operating their own waterworks system thru an
association called Barangay Waterworks System Association (BWSA).

A new deep well with 10 HP with 120 gpm capacity is being installed in Poblacion 3 to
ensure sufficient supply of water in adjacent barangays.

Households in lowland barangays and in the poblacion, which are not served by the
waterworks system, construct their own shallow well. Most of these are in the form of a tube
well where water is manually pumped for domestic use. In areas with higher elevation, deep
wells are utilized. It is common to see people with plastic containers fetching potable water
from a communal point source or distribution system especially late in the afternoon.

There are upland barangays wherein even deep well is not feasible. They rely on
improved spring for their point source of water supply. These springs originate from the cracks
formed in the outcrop located along riverbanks. These feed the rivers with water all throughout
the year. In a few barangays a mini reservoir is constructed and water is conveyed by
gravitational flow through a series of pipes to lower elevation storage tanks which act as the
communal source of water to the residents below. However, there are upland settlements
located too far or in a higher elevation relative to the spring that their only access to water is by
fetching or even buying from the nearest possible source.

6.3.2 Current and Future Needs

The move of the local government unit to enter into an agreement with the private entity
to manage and operate water supply system primarily in eleven barangay help a lot to resolve
water needs that has long been desired by the populace. Today, the safe water is being
delivered by the system operated by the Balibago Water Works and Sanitation, Inc. under a
Memorandum of Agreement covering 30 years contract.

The system run by the Barangay Water Works and Sanitation Association in some
barangays often times needs assistance from the local government unit in terms of technical
and financial support in order to sustain services. Poor control and management are the
reasons of failure of the system that results dissatisfaction of the residents. Shallow wells in
some low lying areas are installed and serving as an alternative source but sometimes not safe
for drinking purposes.

In other words, the future needs may be met by requiring the private operators (BWSI)
and the BWSA to continue improving the water systems in terms of installing additional utilities
and facilities to accommodate the needs growing population.

Planned Unit Developments in the high elevated areas should be required to have their
own source of water using deep wells with a strict compliance to NWRB guidelines and policies.

Existing springs shall be protected thru preservation of its water shed area.

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There’s a need to conduct inventory of current waterworks, wells, springs sources to

determine the total consumption of the community and be able to implement management
action to be done in the prevention of water shortage in the area.

Good quality of water being served to the consumers by Water District and the
Barangay Waterworks and Sanitation Association is important to comply the provisions of
PNSDW 2007 standard.

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Table 73. Water Supply System by Type and Number of Population Served, Year 2009
Community Community Deep well- Deep well- Artesian Artesian Dug/shallow Dug/shallow River, Bottled/ Tanker Other NULL TOTAL
Water Water own shared well-own well- well-own well-shared stream, Purified/ truck/
system own system shared lake, Distilled Peddler
shared spring Water
bodies of
BARANGAY water
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1 As-Is 44 44 104 196 3 13 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 407
2 Balakilong 58 63 233 190 39 33 3 1 100 1 6 6 3 736
3 Berinayan 19 27 44 61 71 120 4 8 1 0 0 0 0 355
4 Bugaan East 100 93 28 67 15 45 0 1 0 0 4 0 1 354
5 Bugaan West 50 144 91 62 54 61 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 464
6 Buso-buso 17 154 31 29 32 216 0 0 0 3 0 1 0 483
7 Dayap Itaas 4 12 0 1 0 0 0 0 25 0 60 0 0 102
8 Gulod 23 163 56 127 22 84 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 475
9 J. Leviste 91 63 77 112 4 16 0 0 40 1 4 1 1 410
10 Molinete 9 13 19 215 13 11 1 2 2 0 2 0 2 289
11 Niyugan 107 67 5 16 0 0 0 0 25 0 11 4 0 235
12 Paliparan 7 15 46 48 6 1 1 1 36 0 6 0 0 167
13 Brgy 1 (Pob) 43 5 10 8 4 8 0 9 0 0 0 21 0 108
14 Brgy 2 (Pob) 149 24 27 23 5 8 0 2 0 1 0 1 1 241
15 Brgy 3 (Pob) 61 8 29 16 15 3 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 134
16 Brgy 4 (Pob) 27 8 16 4 29 19 0 0 16 2 0 1 0 122
17 Brgy 5 (Pob) 40 10 24 37 6 10 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 133
18 San Gabriel 8 10 23 38 102 106 0 5 117 0 41 0 0 450
19 San Gregorio 201 170 16 142 1 0 0 2 32 3 44 0 0 611
20 Santa Maria 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 375 0 0 0 0 375
21 Ticub 162 115 29 21 42 38 2 0 0 0 3 2 1 415
TOTAL 1220 1208 908 1413 463 792 11 32 770 12 191 37 9 7066

Source: CBMS 2009

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ANALYSIS MATRIX
WATER
TECHNICAL FINDINGS/ IMPLICATION/EFFECTS POLICY
OBSERVATIONS OPTIONS/INTERVENTIONS/
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Insufficient supply of Residents utilizing shallow Contract agreement between the
potable water well may not be safe and LGU and private investor for
prone to disease comprehensive water system in
the whole municipality

6.4 Information and Communication Technology

The people in the municipality receive news and information through their exposure to
radio, television, computer and print media. Radio and TV programs aired in Manila are clearly
received in the municipality. Publications such as newspapers, tabloids, and magazines are
also available especially in the poblacion area. With respect to communication facilities, the
services offered in the municipality consist of postal, telefax and landline telephone. The Globe,
Smart and PLDT are responsible in providing the telecom services. Many of these are publicly
owned and used by the officials of the barangays and LGU.

6.4.1 Postal Service

The post office of the municipality is located at the municipal building annex wherein
daily out-going and in-coming postal transactions are made. The office has an area of thirty-six
square meters. The mails are not delivered by the main office directly to the local post office
and have to be picked up at the post office of Tanauan two (2) times a week. The residents
then personally pick up their mails at the local post office. However, once a month, the mails
are delivered to each barangay in consideration of those who have not gotten theirs and also to
avoid the piling up of mails.

The decreasing trend in the volume of transactions was attributed to the increasing
ownership of cellular phones, iphones and other electronic gadgets in the municipality.

Table 74. Communication Services Facilities, Year 2010

Ownership
Type Barangay
Public Private
Postal services Poblacion 2 /
Internet providers Smart/Globe /
Telephone service provider Smart/PLDT/Globe /
Cell sites network Smart/Globe /
Network* - Cable TV Balakilong /
Source: MPDC

Table 75. Transport Related Projects, Approved/Funded for Implementation

Type of Print Circulation
Location Area Coverage
Media Number Type Frequency
School Newspaper WTMNHS Municipal 2 Local Every 6 months
School Newspaper Laurel District Municipal 1 Local Once a year
Source: Municipal Data

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ANALYSIS MATRIX
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

TECHNICAL FINDINGS/ IMPLICATION/EFFECTS POLICY OPTIONS/INTERVENTIONS/

OBSERVATIONS POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Insufficient support for IT Delay of information and Allocation for counterpart fund
and communication system technology transfer requirement

Proper training for IT staff/personnel

7. LOCAL INSTITUTIONAL CAPABILITY

7.1 Local Government Code

Article 10 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution states that all local government units
(LGUs) in the country are given autonomy by the State, wherein they are granted with more
power, authority, responsibilities, and resources at the local level. Section 4 of the Article,
however, states that the President still shall exercise general supervision over all these LGUs.
Furthermore, section 3 of the said Article states that the Congress shall enact a Local
Government Code providing for a more responsive and accountable structures of local
government; hence the enactment of the Republic Act (RA) No. 7160.

RA 7160, also known as the Local Government Code of 1991, provides for-the genuine and
meaningful local autonomy [of the LGUs] to enable them to attain their fullest
development as self-reliant communities and make them more effective partners in the
attainment of national goals ǁ. The Code is applicable to all political subdivisions mandated by
law-provinces, cities, municipalities, and barangays.

7.2 Political Unit

The Municipality of Laurel is a 3rd class municipality under the 3rd district of the Province of
Batangas, Region IV-A (CALABARZON). It is politically subdivided into 21 barangays, as
follows:
As-is Paliparan
Balakilong Poblacion 1
Berinayan Poblacion 2
Bugaan East Poblacion 3
Bugaan West Poblacion 4
Buso-Buso Poblacion 5
Dayap Itaas San Gabriel
Gulod San Gregorio
Leviste Sta. Maria
Molinete Ticub
Niyugan

Among the 21 barangays, five (5) are in the Poblacion area.

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7.3 Local Planning and Plan Implementation Structure

7.3.1 Organizational Structure

The Municipal Government of Laurel is divided into two (2) Departments or Offices. These
are the Office of the Mayor or Executive Department and the Legislative Department.

Under the supervision of the Office of the Mayor are the mandatory and appointive offices and
the 21 barangays of the Municipality. Also under the Office of the Mayor are the Operations of
the Cemetery, Market, and Slaughter House.

As for the Legislative Department, the members are the elected Sangguniang Bayan (SB)
Officials, the Liga ng mga Barangay Chairman, and the Sangguniang Kabataan (SK)
Federation President. This department basically has the legislative power in the
Municipality. Its members formulate, approve [together with the Mayor], and implement all
local ordinances and resolutions. Also under the Legislative Department is the SB Secretary
who does the documentations for all the sessions and public hearings.

The Executive Department is composed of the following:

Office of the Municipal Accountant

Office of the Municipal Treasurer
Office of the Municipal Assessor
Office of the Municipal Budget Officer
Office of the Municipal Engineer
Office of the Municipal Planning and Development Officer
Office of the Municipal Civil Registrar
Office of the Municipal Health Officer
Office of the Municipal Agriculturist
Office of the Municipal Social Welfare and Development Officer
Office of the General Services Officer
Office of the Human Resource Management Officer
Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction Management Officer

The above-mentioned offices are responsible for every part of the governance system
assigned to them. The Municipal Health Office, for example, is primarily responsible for all
health-related services of the Municipal Government.

Other offices in the Municipal Government such as the Municipal Local Government
Operations Office, Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Post Office, Philippine National
Police (PNP), and Fire Department are still supervised by the national offices they are under,
with only minimal supervision from the Municipal Mayor.

Figure 19 and 20 below show the Municipality of Laurel‘s organizational structures with the
names of the assigned official, staff, or personnel per position and per department/office. Figure
19 shows the structure with only the Plantilla personnel included, while Figure 20 illustrates
the actual structure with the contractual and job order personnel included.

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Figure 19. Municipal Government of Laurel's Organizational Structure (Plantilla)

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Figure 20. Municipal Government of Laurel's Organizational Structure (Actual)

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7.3.2 Employee Distribution

As of the last quarter of 2017, the Municipal Government of Laurel has a total number of 128
employees—67 are Permanent (Plantilla), 8 are Contractual, 12 are Elective/Co-terminus, and
41 are Job Order/Contract of Service.

Of the 80 plantilla positions, all are filled. The 12 electives/co-terminus personnel are the
Municipal Officials, which include the Mayor, Vice Mayor, and SB members.

Table 76 below shows the breakdown of the number of municipal employees divided
according to nature of appointment. Table 77, on the other hand, shows the data on the plantilla
personnel of the Municipal Government.

Table 76. Number of Personnel per Nature of Employment, 2017

NATURE OF APPOINTMENT NUMBER
Permanent 80
Contractual -
Electives/Co-Terminus 12
Job Order/Contract of Service 47
TOTAL 139

Table 77. Number of Plantilla Personnel, 2017

PLANTILLA POSITIONS NUMBER
Total Number of Plantilla Positions 80
Total Number of Filled-Up Plantilla Positions 80
Total Number of Vacant Plantilla Positions 0

Although not reflected in the organizational structure, there are personnel in the Municipal
Government who occupy two (2) positions. These personnel do multi- tasking to perform the duties
required for the positions they are assigned to. The Municipal Planning and Development Officer
(MPDO), for example, is also the Municipal Administrator.

Communication and coordination among the departments/offices in the municipality are usually in
the form of intercom phone calls or personal encounters. Coordination usually occurs when one
department/office needs the help of another in terms of data, information, or even manpower.
However, there is no system in place for knowledge sharing. The knowledge of a person and/or
office is most often than not exclusive only to that person or office.

7.3.3 Institutional and Legal Framework

The Municipal Government should be aware of the effectivity of RA 10587 otherwise known as the
“Environmental Planning Act of 2013” which the primary concern is the authority of the Planning Head
to sign and issue documents pertaining to Zoning Administration. It is required that a license
Environmental Planner should be employed in the office to address this requirement. There is a need

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to organize a planning, monitoring and evaluation structure with technical capability to sustain an
effective and efficient implementation of the CLUP.

The office of the Municipal Planning and Development Office and the Office of the Building Official
plays a vital role in the compliance of stakeholders to the provisions of Zoning Ordinance and Building
Permit requirements. Lateral coordination between and among these offices together with the Local
Zoning Review Committee should be maintained to ensure that the 12 steps in the planning
guidelines are properly followed.

On the other hand, the LGU may seek the assistance of other expertise concerning traffic demand
management, river system dredging and flood control, air and water quality monitoring, disaster risk
reduction on the concepts of climate change mitigation adaptation, solid waste management and
ecotourism management.

Local economic enterprise and other investments for major projects for environmental facilities,
infrastructures and other support facilities are needed in pursuing growth and development. These
could be realized not only from the budget of the municipal government but also from the national
government and private sector. Resource mobilization approaches is a key towards realization of
local investments in the municipality, therefore, the revisiting of the Local Revenue Code,
Environmental Code and Investment and Incentive Code should be undertaken to ensure
complementation and harmony with this CLUP and Zoning Ordinance.

7.4 Local Fiscal Management

According to the Local Government Code (LGC) of 1991, LGUs shall have a share in the national
wealth through the internal revenue taxes in the form of the internal revenue allotment (IRA). The
amount, however, would depend on the population and land area of the LGU, and equal sharing
among the LGUs.

Furthermore, LGUs have the power to create their own sources of revenues and impose taxes, fees,
and other charges provided for by the local taxation provisions of the LGC. LGUs are also
provided with an additional allotment of 40 per cent of the national government‘s gross
collection from the preceding fiscal year. This includes mining taxes, royalties, and forestry and
fishery charges, among others. Moreover, LGUs are given financial benefits from government
agencies and/or government-owned and controlled corporation with the utilization and development
of the country‘s wealth.

7.4.1 Status of Financial Health

In 2014, the Municipality of Laurel has total assets of Php 165,528,679.32. Its total liabilities, on
the other hand, amount to Php 15,340,644.94. As shown in Figure 21, the Municipality‘s assets are
higher by around 150 million pesos than its liabilities. This shows that the Municipality has a
healthy financial status.

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Figure 21. Assets and Liabilities (in PhP), 2014

The same trend can be seen in the Municipality‘s income and expenses. In 2014, the Municipality
of Laurel has a total income of Php 94,170,135.60 and total expenses of Php 72,000,433.92. As
shown in Figure 22, the Municipality‘s income is higher by around 22 million pesos than its
expenses. Again, this shows that the Municipality has a healthy financial status. However, this
may also indicate low utilization of public funds. The funds allotted for projects that would improve
the lives of the Municipality‘s stakeholders should be used for the purpose they were accounted
for. Hence, the Municipality should develop and conduct more development programs and projects to
better utilize and optimize public funds.

Figure 22. Income and Expenses (in PhP) 2014

The Municipality of Laurel‘s funds come from different sources. These are the General Fund,
Special Education Fund (SEF), and Trust Fund. The General Fund is composed of the Internal
Revenue Allotment (IRA) and Local Sources like taxes. The SEF, on the other hand, is composed
of the one (1) per cent SEF tax posted on Real Properties. The SEF is used for the construction of
school buildings. The Trust Fund is provided by the National Government for the purpose of the
conduct of projects at the local level. This, however, is not the primary source of income in the
Municipality.

The Municipality pays for its expenses using the General Fund and the SEF. Aside from the
regular expenses for projects, salary and wages, operational costs, and other expenses, the
Municipality of Laurel also spends Php 21,000.00 annually for the barangays. Each of the 21
barangays receives Php 1,000.00 as an additional income from the Municipal Government.

Table 78 below shows the breakdown of the Municipality of Laurel‘s income and expenses per
type from 2004 to 2014. The computed excess/deficit per year is likewise presented in the
table. Table 79, on the other hand, shows the summary of the Municipality‘s income, expenses,

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and excess/deficit from the said years. However, for reasons unknown, the data for 2004 and 2008
are not available.

Based on the data and graph provided, most of the Municipality‘s income came from the General
Fund. This is the same as with its expenses, which were mostly paid using the General Fund.

The income and expenses both increased from 2005 to 2014, with the income from PhP
37,402,104.66 in 2005 to PhP 94,170,135.60 in 2014, and with the expenses from PhP
26,122,615.29 in 2005 to PhP 72,000,433.92 in 2014.

It was glaring, however, that the income decreased in 2007 and 2012. There was a minimal
decrease in income from PhP 46,520,525.99 in 2006 to 45,881,430.67 in 2007. This amounts to
about 1 million pesos difference. There was a huge decrease in income, on the other hand, from
PhP 73,875,553.04 in 2011 to PhP 61,035,135.80 in 2012. This amounts to almost 12 million
pesos decrease in income.

The reason for the 2012 decrease in income was the infestation of scale insects in coconut trees,
also known as cocolisap, which greatly affected one of the main sources of income in the
Municipality. Good thing though that the Municipality was able to regain in 2013 what it lost in the
previous year, as its income increased to PhP 80,806,842.02. The income increased for about 19
million from 2012 to 2013.
The expenses, on the other hand, consistently increased from 2005 to 2014.

The Municipality of Laurel did not incur any income deficit from 2005 to 2014. Every year for the last
10 years, an excess in the Municipality‘s income can be observed. The year with the highest
income excess was in 2011 with PhP 23,690,332.07. The year 2012, on the other hand, had the
lowest income excess with Php 5,366,877.89.

Table 78. Breakdown of Municipal Income and Expenses per Type and Excess/
Deficit (PhP), 2004-2014
FISCAL INCOME EXPENSES
YEAR GENERAL SEF TOTAL GENERAL SEF BARANGAY TOTAL EXCESS/
FUND FUND DEFICIT
2004 - - - - - - - -
2005 33,198,119.47 4,203,985.19 37,402,104.66 24,059,164.24 2,042,451.05 21,000 26,122,615.29 11,279,489.37
2006 40,116,640.91 6,403,885.08 46,520,525.99 28,194,621.50 2,911,957.78 21,000 31,127,579.28 15,392,946.71
2007 40,265,459.49 5,615,971.18 45,881,430.67 28,559,447.39 5,217,276.28 21,000 33,797,723.67 12,083,707.00
2008 - - - - - - - -
2009 57,572,056.86 7,711,131.25 65,283,188.11 41,021,319.02 6,064,783.44 21,000 47,107,102.46 18,176,085.65
2010 61,658,090.84 7,273,997.08 68,932,087.92 42,828,547.28 6,598,132.88 21,000 49,447,680.16 19,484,407.76
2011 67,592,557.82 6,282,995.22 73,875,553.04 45,099,635.56 5,064,585.41 21,000 50,185,220.97 23,690,332.07
2012 55,112,200.95 5,922,934.85 61,035,135.80 50,398,690.43 5,269,567.48 55,668,257.91 5,366,877.89
2013 75,057,597.33 5,749,244.69 80,806,842.02 58,301,030.34 4,381,045.37 62,682,075.71 18,124,766.31
2014 85,545,752.08 8,624,383.52 94,170,135.60 67,760,526.22 4,218,907.70 21,000 72,000,433.92 22,169,701.68

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Table 79. Summary of Municipal Income, Expenses, and Excess/Deficit (PhP),

2004-2014

FISCAL YEAR TOTAL INCOME TOTAL EXPENSES EXCESS/DEFICIT

2004 - - -
2005 37,402,104.66 26,122,615.29 11,279,489.37
2006 46,520,525.99 31,127,579.28 15,392,946.71
2007 45,881,430.67 33,797,723.67 12,083,707.00
2008 - - -
2009 65,283,188.11 47,107,102.46 18,176,085.65
2010 68,932,087.92 49,447,680.16 19,484,407.76
2011 73,875,553.04 50,185,220.97 23,690,332.07
2012 61,035,135.80 55,668,257.91 5,366,877.89
2013 80,806,842.02 62,682,075.71 18,124,766.31
2014 94,170,135.60 72,000,433.92 22,169,701.68

Figure 23 below illustrates the amounts stated in Tables 78 and 79. Based on the figure, the
income has no definite trend. It increased and decreased over time. However, it is imperative to
note that there was really no deficit from 2005 to 2014; hence, a healthy financial status for the
Municipality of Laurel.

Figure 23. Income, Expenses, and Excess/Deficit (in PhP), 2005-2014

7.5 Development Legislations

As mandated by law, the Legislative Department of an LGU crafts the ordinances and
resolutions. An ordinance is basically a local law or regulation enacted by a municipal or city
council. It is institutionalized; therefore, it has the same effect as a law. A resolution, on the other
hand, encompasses other city or municipal actions other than the ordinances. It only deals with
matters of temporary or special in character. It can be used to create a policy on particular items
concerning the legislative body and the municipality as a whole.

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The Municipality of Laurel has enacted several resolutions and ordinances. From January 2013 to
March 2015, the Municipality has enacted a total of 260 resolutions. On the other hand, it has
enacted a total of six (6) ordinances.

Of the 260 resolutions, many deal with the declaration of utilization and/or appropriation of
municipal budget. There were resolutions crafted concerning the approval of the creation of
barangay ordinances and expression of support for the enactment of municipal ordinances.
Resolutions were also issued for the appointment of Municipal personnel and accreditation of
people‘s and non-government organizations based in the municipality. Moreover, resolutions were
crafted authorizing the Municipal Mayor (Local Chief Executive) to enter into a Memorandum of
Agreement. There were also resolutions developed for equipment and/or materials requisition from
the Provincial Government.

Of the six (6) ordinances passed from January 2013 to March 2015, two (2) concerned the
renaming of public primary schools and providing funds for the installation of school arch and
markers. An example is Ordinance No. 03, Series of 2013, which states that the Pantay Primary
School shall be renamed to Pantay Elementary School. This school shall be provided with funds for
the installation of its new school arch and markers.

Two (2) out of the six (6) ordinances, on the other hand, dealt with the declaration of a special
event to be celebrated in the Municipality every year. An example is Ordinance No. 02, Series of
2014, which proclaims the last Friday of May as Arbor Day, a tree- planting day in the
Municipality of Laurel.

Another ordinance was passed regarding prohibiting the use of plastic bags on dry goods and
regulating its use on wet goods. Also included in this ordinance is prohibiting the use of Styrofoam.

There was also an ordinance on adopting the implementation of the National Plan of Action for
Infant and Young Child Feeding in the Municipality of Laurel.

Based on the ordinances passed from the given time period, it can be concluded that the Legislative
Department looks into institutionalizing school names and special events. It also focuses on
environment protection and health and nutrition of the infants and young children in the Municipality.

Table 80 below shows the breakdown of the number of resolutions and ordinances enacted by
the Legislative Department, together with the Municipal Mayor.

Table 80. Resolutions and Ordinances enacted by the Legislative Department,

January 2013-March 2015

YEAR RESOLUTIONS ORDINANCES

2013 47 4
2014 156 2
2015* 57 0
TOTAL 260 6
*As of March 9

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7.6 LGU-CSO-Private Sector Linkages

Section 34 of the Local Government Code of 1991 states that the LGUs should promote the
establishment of people‘s and non-government organizations who would act as dynamic LGU
partners in providing people with basic services and in ensuring local development programs‘
sustainability. Furthermore, the LGUs can engage with private organizations, companies, or
businesses to make the delivery and execution of plans and initiatives more effective and efficient.

LGUs can also enter into cooperative engagements to promote economic, socially- oriented,
environmental, and cultural projects.

The Municipality of Laurel has an accreditation method for the people‘s and non- government
organizations in its area. These organizations are to submit an application form and some other
requirements to be able to qualify for accreditation. The Legislative body will then assess these
organizations, and then provide resolutions afterwards for those approved for accreditation.

Based on the LGU data, there are 12 civil society organizations (CSOs) accredited from January
2013 to March 2015. Of this total number, three (3) are local cooperatives and nine (9) are
people‘s organizations.

Table 81 below shows the list of organizations in the Municipality of Laurel from 2013 to
2015, divided per type and year of accreditation.

Table 81. Organizations divided per Type and Year of Accreditation, 2013-2015
TYPE OF
YEAR NAME OF ORGANIZATIONS
ORGANIZATION
2013 Cooperative Balakilong Credit Cooperative
Laurel Municipal Officials and Employees
Multi-Purpose Cooperative (LAMOEMCO)
People‘s Kabalikat Civicom Association Inc.
organization Laurel Chapter
Laurel Public School Retirees Association Inc.
(LAPSRA)
Leviste Auto Savings Association (LASA)
Taal Lake Aquaculture Alliance Inc. (TLAAI)
2014 People‘s Wakademian Society Club Inc.
organization Eastern Bugaan-Poblacion Irrigators‘ Association
2015 Cooperative Balakilong Multi-Purpose Cooperative
People‘s Leviste Rural Improvement Club
organization Gulod Rural Improvement Club
Buso-Buso Rural Improvement Club

7.6.1 Cooperatives

There are three (3) accredited cooperatives in the Municipality of Laurel. These are the
Balakilong Credit Cooperative based in Barangay Poblacion 3; Laurel Municipal Officials
and Employees Multi-Purpose Cooperative (LAMOEMCO) based in the Municipal Building
Site, Poblacion 2; and Balakilong Multi-Purpose Cooperative based in Barangay
Balakilong. Of the three (3) cooperatives, two (2) are multi-purpose and one (1) is credit-
oriented.

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7.6.2 People’s Organizations

There are a total of nine (9) people‘s organizations in the Municipality of Laurel. These
are the Kabalikat Civicom Association Inc. Laurel Chapter based in Barangay Balakilong;
Laurel Public School Retirees Association Inc. (LAPSRA) based in Barangay Poblacion 1;
Leviste Auto Savings Association (LASA) based in Barangay Leviste; Taal Lake
Aquaculture Alliance Inc. (TLAAI) based in Barangay Poblacion 3; Wakademian Society
Club Inc. based in Barangay San Gabriel; Eastern Bugaan-Poblacion Irrigators‘
Association based in Barangay Poblacion 3; Leviste Rural Improvement Club; Gulod
Rural Improvement Club; and Buso-Buso Rural Improvement Club all based in Barangay
Gulod. Of these nine (9) people‘s organizations, four (4) are associations, three (3)
are improvement clubs, one (1) is an alliance, and one (1) is a society club.

In terms of location, four (4) of the cooperatives and people‘s organizations are based in
Barangay Poblacion 3, three (3) are based in Barangay Gulod, two (2) are based in
Barangay Balakilong, one (1) is based in Barangay Poblacion 1, one (1) is based in
Barangay Poblacion 2, and one (1) is based in Barangay Leviste.

Based on the area of distribution, most of the organizations are situated in Barangay
Poblacion 3. This barangay is very near to Barangay Poblacion 2 where the Municipal Hall is
located. It is a very strategic area to build an organization‘s office, as it is not within the
municipal hall area where most of the services are concentrated, and at the same time not
so far with the municipal hall area where it can easily coordinate with the municipal
officials and staff. The three (3) organizations based in Barangay Gulod have a strategic
location as well, as it is relatively near the Poblacion area where coordination with the
Municipal officials and staff can easily be undertaken.

However, many of the barangays in the Municipality of Laurel do not have such
organizations. The offices of the accredited organizations are concentrated in the eastern
part of the municipality. Hence, those barangays located at the western part do not have
direct access to the services provided by the above mentioned cooperatives and people‘s
organizations. Furthermore, representatives from the accredited organizations do not
constantly attend the Municipality‘s SB sessions and public hearings. Although invited,
they still seldom participate in local decision-making processes.

In line with this, the Municipality of Laurel possibly needs to create more opportunities and
avenues to encourage its stakeholders, especially the Barangays in the western part of the
Municipality, to build groups and participate in local development.

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ANALYSIS MATRIX

The table below presents a compilation of issues under the institutional sector. The
implications of these issues are enumerated together with the possible interventions and solutions.

TECHNICAL POLICY OPTIONS/

FINDINGS/ IMPLICATION/EFFECTS INTERVENTIONS/
OBSERVATIONS POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Unclear delineation of ▪ Lack of accountability Create a citizen's charter
tasks between and among employees outlining the services
among departments/ ▪ Poor cascading of offered per
offices information department/office
▪ Inefficient service delivery
to stakeholders
Lack of knowledge ▪ Unoptimized Establish a knowledge
management organizational management system (e.g.
knowledge database/document
▪ Poor knowledge and management system,
skills training knowledge sharing portal,
▪ Inefficient service delivery publication, process flow/
to stakeholders workflow system, mentoring/
coaching design, etc.)
Low participation of ▪ Unconsented decisions, Create an ordinance
civil society resolutions, ordinances, enforcing participation or
organizations in the and plans representation of CSOs
municipality's ▪ Lack of social during SB sessions and
decision making acceptability of public hearings
processes and resolutions, ordinances, Provide incentives to civil
local planning plans, and projects society organizations who
will participate during SB
sessions and public
hearings
As could be gleaned from the table above, the policy interventions and identified solutions are
feasible given the recognized availability of fund sources. The solutions presented above are
seen to not only address issues within the institutional sector, but with other sectors as well,
since local governance is essential in orchestrating development plans and projects.

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