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Ls 8 Animals Forms and Functions

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Ls 8 Animals Forms and Functions

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sharanyaisbeautiful
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Lesson 8

Animals - Forms and Functions


Short answer type questions-

Q1. Name any four organ systems in our body.


Ans. Four organ systems in our body are -
(1) Skeletal system
(2) Muscular system
(3) Nervous system
(4) Respiratory system

Q2. Name the two organ systems which work


together to help movements in our body.
Ans. The two organ systems which work together to help movements in our body are skeletal
system and muscular system.

Q3. What is a skeleton? What are its functions?


Ans. Skeleton system is the framework of bones (the skeleton) associated with cartilages,
tendons and ligaments.
Functions -
1.It provides a framework to support our body in holding the different parts together and in
holding the body upright.
2. It protects many soft organs present inside the body. Eg.Skull protects the brain.
3. It helps in body movement.
4. Bone marrow helps in the formation of blood cells.

Q4. Which organ system is necessary to help movements of the bones?


Ans. Muscles or muscular system helps in the movement of the bones and hence movement of
body or its parts.

Q5. Which part of your body will move when:(Q. To be done in the book only)
a. The biceps muscle contract on your upper arm?
Ans. Upper arm is folded.
b. The triceps muscles contract on your upper arm?
Ans. Upper arm is relaxed.

Q6. Why backbone is called a vertebral column?


Ans. There are 33 Vertebrae in the backbone which are joined together 'end on end' (one over
the other) forming a continuous tubular column so called the vertebral column.

Q7. How many vertebrae join to form a vertebral column?


Ans. Backbone is made of 33 ring-like pieces called vertebrae (singular is vertebra) to form
vertebral column.
Q8. What is a ribcage? What are its functions?
Ans. The ribcage consists of 24 bones arranged in 12 pairs. All of them are joined to the
backbone at the back. Most of them are joined to the breast bone in front. The last two pairs that
are not joined to the breast bone are called floating ribs.
Functions -
1. Ribcage protects the vital delicate organs like heart, lungs and liver.
2. Ribcage helps in breathing movements of the chest.

Q9.Give the difference between endoskeleton and exoskeleton.


Ans. When a skeleton is placed inside the body it is called endoskeleton. Eg human skeleton,
cow
When a skeleton is present outside the body it is called exoskeleton. Eg. Snails, cockroach

Q10. Is hip bone a single bone or a combination of bones? What are its special features?
Ans. Hip bone or hip girdle is made of several strong bones which are fused together by fixed
joint.
The backbone and the hip bone together give support to the body to keep the body in an upright
position. It is strong enough to bear the whole body weight.

Q11. Which bone tissue supports the knee-cap (patella) on the knee?(Q. To be done in the
book only)
Ans. Ligaments

Q12. Name the kind of joint between: (Q. To be done in the book only)
a. upper arm and the shoulder blade- Ball and socket joint
b. upper arm and the forearm- Hinge joint
c. thigh bone (femur) and the hip girdle- Ball and socket joint
d. joint at knee- Hinge joint
e. digits on the fingers- Gliding joint
f. base of the thumb with the palm- saddle joint
g. first vertebra and the skull- Pivot joint
h. vertebrae in the vertebral column.-Gliding joint

Q13. Which of the following statement is true:(Q. To be done in the book only)
a. Muscle contracts to push. False
b. Muscle contracts to pull. True

Q14. Which of the following animals move on their legs?(Q. To be done in the book only)
a. Snail, b. Snake, c. Man, d. Bird, e. Cockroach, f. Earthworm.
Ans. Man, Bird, Cockroach

Q15. How many wings are there on the body of-(Q. To be done in the book only)
a. Bird- One pair of wings
b. Cockroach - Two pairs of wings
Long answer type questions-
Q1. What helps a fish to swim in water?
Ans. Adaptive features of a fish, which help them to swim are as follows:
1.Fish have a streamlined shape, pointed at the ends and broad in the middle. This reduces the
water resistance.
2.Muscles that enable the fish to move are found on either side of the backbone.
3.These muscles contract on one side and expand on the other.
4. This moves the body from side to side, in a zig- zag pattern.
5. As the tail fin of the fish moves along with the body in a zig-zag pattern, it pushes against the
water. This force moves the fish's body forward.

Q2. Explain the role of muscles in the movement of our forearm.


Ans. The up and down movements of your arm are controlled by two muscles- biceps and
triceps. When you want to raise your arm, the biceps in front contract, that is, they become
shorter and fatter to pull up the arm. To lower the arm, the triceps at the back contract and pull it
down. (Fig.8.13)

Q3. What is a streamlined body? Explain it with reference to a flying bird.


Ans3. A streamlined body is a shape that is pointed at the ends and broad in the middle. It
lowers the friction drag between a fluid, like air and water, and an object moving through that
fluid medium.
A bird has a pointed beak and it keeps its limbs folded and close to its body while flying
because this posture helps it to make its body streamlined.
This streamlined shape lowers the friction while floating in air.

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