RCC INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT : B.TECH IN ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

CONTINUOUS ASSESMENT-1(CA1)
ACADEMIC SESSION : 2024-2025(ODD SEMESTER)

NAME : Priti Kumari Mahato

PAPER CODE: EC303
PAPER NAME: Signals And System
CLASS ROLL NO.: ECE2023088
UNIVERSITY ROLL NO.: 11700323052
REGISTRATION NO.: 231170110376
YEAR: 2ND
SEMESTER: 3RD
 INTRODUCTION
SIGNALS: It Is A Function Of Any Invariant Variable or Independent Variable Or Physical
Quantity Which Contains Some Information.

𝐹 𝑥1 , x2, 𝑥3 … . x n

TYPES OF SIGNALS:

Continuous In Time Continuous In Time Continuous In Discrete In Time

And Continuous In But Discrete In Value But And Discrete In
Value Value Discrete In Time Value

OPERATION IN SIGNALS
THERE ARE TOTAL 4 TYPES OF OPERATION IN TIME
DOMAIN OPERATION: 4. TIME SHIFTING
1. ADDITION 5. TIME SCALING
2. SUBTRACTION 6. TIME REVERSAL
3. MULTIPLICATION
 OUR TOPIC IS MULTIPLICATION AND ADDITION OPERATION OF SIGNALS:

ADDITION OF CTS: MULTIPLICATION OF CTS:

The addition of Continuous-Time Signals (CTS) is a The multiplication of Continuous-Time Signals
fundamental operation in signal processing, where (CTS) is another fundamental operation in signal
two or more signals are combined to produce a new processing, where two signals are combined by
signal. multiplying their values at each point in time.
If you have two continuous-time signals 𝑥1 (t) If you have two continuous-time signals 𝑥1 (t) and
and 𝑥2 (t), their addition is represented as: 𝑥2 (t), their addition is represented as:
y(t) = 𝑥1 ​(t) . 𝑥2 (t)
y(t) = 𝑥1 ​(t) + 𝑥2 (t)
PROPERTIES:
Commutativity:
PROPERTIES:
Commutativity: x1(t) + x2(t)= x2(t)+x1(t)
x1(t) + x2(t)= x2(t)+x1(t) Associativity:
Associativity: (x1(t) + x2(t))+ x3(t) = x1(t) + (x2(t) + x3(t))
(x1(t) + x2(t))+ x3(t) = x1(t) + (x2(t) + x3(t)) Distributivity:
Superposition: Addition is a linear operation, x1(t).(x2(t)+x3(t)) = (x1(t).x2(t)) +x3(t).x2(t)
meaning that the principle of superposition applies.
This is crucial in linear systems where the response to
a sum of inputs is the sum of the responses to each
input.
 ADDITION OF CTS:
The sum of two continuous 1 time2 signals
1 𝑥 (𝑡) and 𝑥 (𝑡) can be

obtained by addingx(t)
their 1values
2 at every instant of time. The sum

of two signals 𝑥 (𝑡)43 + 𝑥 (𝑡)

2
1
(t)
x2(t) y(t)=x1(t) + x2(t)
3 0<t≤1 1<t≤3
2
x1(t)=3 x1(t)=2
1
(t) x2(t)=0 x2(t)=2
y(t)= x1(t) + x2(t)
y(t)=3 y(t)=4
6
5 3<t≤4
4
3
x1(t)=3 x2(t)=0
2 y(t)=3
1
(t)
1 2 3 4
 MULTIPLICATION OF CTS
 : Theproduct of two continuous-time signals can be obtained by
multiplying their values at1 every 2instant of time. Consider two
continuous time
x(t) signals 𝑥 (𝑡) and 𝑥 (𝑡) as shown in the figure.
4 EXAMPLE
 3
2
y(t)=x1(t). x2(t)
1 0<t≤1 1<t≤2
(t) x1(t)=3 x1(t)=2
x2(t)
x2(t)=2 x2(t)=0
3
2 y(t)=6 y(t)=0
1 2<t≤3
(t)
y(t)= x1(t). x2(t) x1(t)=0 x2(t)=3
6 y(t)=0
5
4
3
2
1
(t)
1 2 3 4
 Conclusion
Understanding The Addition And Multiplication Of Signals Is Essential For Anyone Working
In Signal Processing, Communications, Control Systems, And Related Fields. These
Operations Provide The Foundation For More Advanced Techniques And Applications,
Enabling The Effective Manipulation, Transmission, And Analysis Of Signals. By Mastering
These Fundamental Operations, One Can Design And Analyse Systems That Perform A Wide
Range Of Signal Processing Tasks, From Simple Signal Combination To Complex Modulation
And Filtering Processes

References

❖ SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS DR. SANJAY SHARMA

❖ https://www.tutorialspoint.com/dip/Signals_and_system_introduction.htm
❖ https://www.princeton.edu/~cuff/ele301/files/lecture1_2.pdf
❖ https://www.tutorialspoint.com/signals-and-systems-multiplication-of-signals