Modifiers

Modifiers
Exercise for Practice
1. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

The world is now faced with COVID-19, (a)͟ (use an apposition to post modify the noun). It has
brought about social, cultural and economic disruption (b) ͟ (use an adverb phrase to post- modify the
noun). Vaccine against COVID-19 has been developed, but it is not strong (c) (post-modify the
adjective with an intensifier) to fight this virus. (d) ͟ (use a determiner to pre- modify the noun)
vaccine only develops or strengthens (e) ͟ (use a possessive) immune system so as to help our body
to fight this virus. That is this vaccine cannot enable us (f) ͟ (use an infinitive phrase). It is evident in
the appearance of (g) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) variants of this virus like Delta. Omicron, etc. Medical
science is working (h) __(post-modify the verb) to find a remedy for it. We are optimistically looking
forward to that day (i) ͟ (use a relative clause to post-modify the noun). Till that day we must follow
(j) ͟ (use a determiner to pre-modify the noun phrase) rules of health recommended by the WHO to
protect ourselves against this evil.

2. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[Dhaka Board-2019]

Arsenic is a (a) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) substance. It is (b) ͟ (use an intensifier to pre-modify the
adjective) dangerous for human health. (c) ͟ (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) substance
is found in the water of the tube well. There are (d) ͟ (use quantifier pre-modify the noun) villages
in (e) ͟ (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) country. Most of our (f) ͟ (use a noun adjective to
pre-modify the noun) people drink tube well water. As a result, many of them are suffering from
arsenic problem. This problem is (g) ͟ (pre-modify the verb) found in North Bengal. We should take
proper measures (h) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an infinitive phrase). Government is trying to mark
the tube wells having arsenic (i) ͟ (use a participle to post-modify the verb) red colour. People should
be refrained from drinking water of (j) (use demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) tube wells.
Otherwise, they will suffer from arenicolids.

3. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[Rajshahi Board-2019]

Taking food is essential. We take food (a) ͟ (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb). We
cannot survive on earth if we do not take food. In fact, (b) ͟ (use a quantifier to pre-modify the noun
phrase) living beings need to take food. But it is a matter of great regret that (c) ͟ (use possessive to
pre-modify the noun) food is being adulterated. (d) ͟ (use a noun-adjective to pre- modify the noun)
adulteration is increasing (e) ͟ (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adverb) alarmingly that we cannot

Academic Program | HSC’25 1 Modifiers

 stop it. (f) ͟ (use a determiner to pre-modify the noun phrase) dishonest businessmen use (g) ͟
(pre-modify the noun) chemicals in food and fruits to make illegal and quick money. But they do not
think about (h) ͟ (use a possessive to pre-modify the noun) health. (i) ͟ (use the present participle)
adulterated food, people get sick. They are often attacked with different fatal diseases. So. (j) ͟ (use a
gerund) food safety is a must today.

4. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[Dinajpur Board-2019]

Bangladesh is a (a) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) country. Though it is a small country, it has a (b) ͟ (pre-
modify the noun) population. People (c) ͟ (pre-modify the verb with an adverb) depend on agriculture.
They grow different kinds of crops (d) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an adverbial phrase). We earn
(e) ͟ (pre-modify the noun with a noun adjective) currencies by exporting some of these crops. We
are also rich in (f) ͟ (pre-modify the noun with an adjective) resources. Now, we are able (g) ͟ (post-
modify the adjective with an infinitive) natural gas from underground. Our industries are also rising (h)
͟ (post-modify the verb with an adverb). We export (i) ͟ (pre-modify the noun with a noun-
adjective) products to the developed countries. In this regard, we have already earned a (j) ͟ (pre-
modify the noun) reputation.

5. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[Jashore Board-2019]

Air and water are the most (a) ͟ (pre-modify the noun with an adjective) elements of the environment.
But we polluting them (b) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an adverb). Mills and factories use fuel (c)__
(post-modify the verb with an infinitive) their products. The burning of this fuel creates smoke
(d)__(post-modify the verb with an adverbial). Motor vehicles also pollute the air, (e) ͟ (use an
appositive). Water is polluted by (f) ͟ (pre-modify the noun with a quantifier) kinds of waste and filth.
We also contaminate water (g) ͟ (pre-modify the noun with (post-modify the verb with a present
participle phrase) into it. Farmers use (h) (pre-modify the noun with an adjective) fertilizers and
insecticides and pollute water. (j) ͟ (pre-modify the adjective with an intensifier) harmful to health.

6. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[Cumilla Board-2019]

Newspaper plays a very (a) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) role in modern civilization, it publishes news
and views of home and abroad. Only (b) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) knowledge is not enough in this
competitive world. A newspaper helps a man (c) ͟ (post-modify the verb with infinitive his general
knowledge. Besides academic books, one should read newspapers (d) ͟ (post modify the verb).
Newspaper helps one (e) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) the facts of the world. (f) ͟ (pre-
modify the verb with a participle phrase) regularly. One can be aware of everything. There are (g)__
(pre-modify the noun) kinds of newspapers. One should select the newspaper (h) ͟ (post-modify the

Academic Program | HSC’25 2 Modifiers

 verb). One should choose the (i) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) newspaper because many newspapers
present news partially. Whatever the paper is, it (j) ͟ (pre-modify the verb) helps a man.

7. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[Chattogram Board-2019]

We can't think of our existence without language. It plays a (a) ͟ (use an intensifier) important in our
life. We use language from the time we wake up (b) ͟ (post-modify the verb) till we go to bed at
night. We use language not only in our (c) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) hours but also in our dreams.
We use language (d) ͟ (use an infinitive) what we feel and to say what we like or dislike. We also use
language (e) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) information. Language is (f) ͟ (pre-modify
the adjective) present in our life. It is an (g) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) part of our life. As an (h) ͟ (pre-
modify the noun) nation, we also have a language. But we had to struggle (i) ͟ (post-modify the verb)
to establish the right of our language. Many (j) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) sons sacrificed their lives for
the language.

8. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[Sylhet Board-2019]

A library is a (a) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) of knowledge. The students (b) ͟ (use a participle) to all
classes visit it in their library periods. Our college library is housed in two rooms. (c) ͟ (pre-modify
the noun) almirahs are placed in one room. The other room is the (d) ͟ (use a participle to modify
the noun) room where magazines, journals and newspapers are placed. There are placed. There are
about five thousand books in our library which are arranged (e) ͟ (post-modify the verb). Any type
of book can be traced in no time. The books cater to the needs and interests (f) ͟ (use a prepositional
phrase). There are two separate sections in the library. One of them contains reference books like (g)
͟ (use nouns) etc. The other section contains books (h) ͟ (use prepositional phrase). Every student
has a library (i) ͟ (use a noun). The reading room is always crowded (j) ͟ (post-modify the verb) in
the afternoon.

9. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[Barishal Board-2019]
The roads (a) ͟ (use an adjective phrase to post-modify the noun) are beset with problems. (b)__
(pre-modify the noun) driving is one of them. Most of the drivers are not (c) ͟ (pre- modify the
participle) trained. They are not well educated. They can (d) ͟ (use an adverb to pre- modify the verb)
put their signature and read Bengali. They are indifferent to (e) ͟ (use a noun adjective) life. They do
not realize that life is (f) ͟ (use a determiner) valuable than time. They drive (g) ͟ (post-modify the
verb). They do (h) ͟ (use an adverb to pre-modify the verb) drive consciously. Even they themselves
are not conscious of (i) ͟ (use a possessive) own lives. They drive (j) ͟ (use an adverb phrase to
post-modify the verb) and try to overtake others.

Academic Program | HSC’25 3 Modifiers

 10. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[ Dhaka Board-2018, Dinajpur Board -2018, Jashore Board -2018, Sylhet Board -2018]

Television has become the most common and (a) ͟ entertainment in the (b) ͟ (pre-modify the noun)
world. A wide range of programs of (c) ͟ (pre-modify the adjective) interest in telecast on (d) ͟ (use
quantifier to pre-modify the noun) channels. Almost every middle class and even working class families
have a television set today. (e) ͟ (use a noun-adjective to pre-modify the noun) programs are (f)__
(pre-modify the adjective) entertaining. They can be (g) ͟ (pre-modify the adjective) educative too.
Courses (h) ͟ (post-modify the noun) by the Open University are shown on BTV. (i) ͟ (pre-modify
the noun) channels like the Discovery Channel and the National Geographic Channel telecast highly
informative programs. However, watching TV has become (j) ͟ (use an article) addiction for many.

11. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[ Rajshahi Board-2018, Cumilia Board-2018, Chattogram Board-2018, Barishal Board-2018]

Kazi Nazrul Islam is called the Shelley of Bengali literature. He was a (a) ͟ poet. He wrote (b)___
(post-modify the verb) in every branch (use an appositive), won the attention of everyone in his of
Bengali literature. Nazrul, (c) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) early childhood. He wrote ceaselessly until the
death of (d) ͟ (use possessive pronoun) poetic flair. He composed his songs (e) ͟ (use an infinitive
phrase to post-modify the verb). His songs are (f) ͟ use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective)
melodious. He enriched the Bengali literature (g) ͟ (use an adverb to pre modify the verb). His literary
works have enriched (h) ͟ (use a noun adjective) literature. He was (i) ͟ (use an article) secular poet.
He sang the songs of equality (j) ͟ (use an adverbial phrase).

12. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[Dhaka Board-2017]

Deforestation means cutting down of trees (a) ͟ (post-modify the verb). To meet up the basic needs
of food and housing, trees are being cut in large scale and thus it causes (b) ͟ (pre- modify the noun)
imbalance. Besides, there are some dishonest people who cut trees in our forest (c) ͟ (use an infinitive
phrase to post-modify the verb). The (d) ͟ (use a noun adjective to pre- modify the noun) level is
rising and many parts of the world are going to be engulfed by the sea in near future. New areas of the
world are (e) ͟ (use a participle to pre-modify the verb) turned into desert as a result of deforestation.
So, we must stop (f) ͟ (use a participle to post-modify the verb) down trees unnecessarily. (g) ͟ (use
a participle to pre-modify the noun) trees Indiscriminately will be hazardous for our future existence.
If we destroy trees (h) ͟ (use an adverbial phrase to post-modify the verb) one day the country will
turn into a great desert. The (i) ͟ (use a participle to pre-modify the noun) temperature will cause
greenhouse effect. Necessary measures should be taken (j) ͟ (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify
the verb).

Academic Program | HSC’25 4 Modifiers

 13. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[Rajshahi Board-2017]

Ayesha Begum has three sons and two daughters. Her husband was a (a) ͟ (pre-modify the noun)
farmer who used (b) ͟ (post-modify the verb by using infinitive) on other people's land. With great
effort they married (c) ͟ (use a pronoun) daughters off by the time they reached teenage. Their sons
also started (d) ͟ (use present participle to modify the verb) with their father as (e) ͟ (pre-modify
the noun) labourers when they were old enough to help. By the time they were seventeen, they left
for towns (f) ͟ (use infinitive to post modify the verb) money. At first they used to send money to
their parents (g) ͟ (use an adverb to post-modify the verb) but after getting married they barely had
enough to support their (h) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) families. Out of desperation, Ayesha Begum
started (i) ͟ (post-modify the verb) in the village to feed her old. (j) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) husband
and herself.

14. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[Dinajpur Board-2017]

Sabbir is (a) ͟ (use determiner to pre-modify the noun phrase) ideal student. He prepares (b) ͟ (use
possessive to pre-modify the noun) lessons in collaboration with his teachers. He does (c) ͟ (post-
modify the verb) in every examination as he does not waste time. He knows time once lost is lost
forever. So, he utilizes every moment. During his free time he goes to his native village. He teaches (d)
͟ (pre-modify the noun) people. He wants (e) ͟ (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb)
illiteracy from his village. (f) ͟ (use present participle to pre modify the verb) illiteracy from his village,
he wants to bring about massive development there. He is (g) ͟ (use an intensifier to pre-modify the
adjective) devoted to God. He says prayer (h) ͟ (use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) times a day.
He never tells a lie. He respects his parents very much. Other superiors are also respected by him. His
father. (i) ͟ (post-modify the noun phrase with an appositive) supports him cordially. His mother, an
ideal housewife, (j) ͟ (pre-modify the verb) supports him very much. Such a student like Sabbir is
rarely found nowadays.

15. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[Jashore Board-2017]

A village doctor is a very (a) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) person in the rural areas of Bangladesh. He is
(b) ͟ (pre-modify the verb) known as a quack. A village doctor is not a (c) ͟ (pre-modify the noun)
doctor. He usually sits in a small dispensary (d) ͟ (post-modify the verb). He treats the patients (e)__
(use a participle phrase to post-modify the verb). A village doctor is not a (f) ͟ (pre-modify the noun)
man. His chamber is (g) ͟ (pre-modify the verb) furnished. He cannot supply costly medicine to (h)
͟ (pre-modify the noun) patients. In our country, the number of qualified doctors is (i)__(use an
intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) few. So, a village doctor is a great friend to the (j) ͟ (pre-
modify the noun) villagers.

Academic Program | HSC’25 5 Modifiers

 16. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[Cumilla Board-2017]

A balanced diet is a good mixture of (a) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) foods. It is essential for us
(b)___(post-modify the adjective with an infinitive) a healthy life. There are many benefits of eating a
(c) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) diet because it prevents (d) ͟ (use determiner to pre-modify the noun)
diseases. As a result, we do not get sick (e) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an adverb). We should select
(f) ͟ (pre-modify the noun with possessive) diet according to our needs. We can keep fit (h) ͟ (use
a participle) a balanced diet. But it is not easy (i) ͟ (post- modify the adjective with an infinitive) a
balanced diet. Here (j) ͟ (use a determiner) nutritionist can help us.

17. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[Chattogram Board-2017]

The people of Bangladesh have expressed their shock (a) ͟ (post-modify the verb) at the reaction of
the Pakistan Parliament. Pakistan strongly protested the execution of two (b) ͟ (pre-modify the noun)
collaborators who committed crimes against humanity on their own people in 1971. There is a demand
for apology from (c) ͟ (use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) government for the crimes of
its army during the Liberation War of Bangladesh. Recently Pakistan's National Assembly may be within
its rights (d) ͟ (use an infinitive phrase to post- modify the verb) for the execution of two
collaborators. But it is quite clear to us that Pakistan always tries to erase its past history. To erase (e)
͟ (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) history is not easy because history continues to follow
all of us. Pakistan, (f) ͟ (post-modify the noun with an appositive), cannot come out of its military
influence. As a result, the country has become (g) ͟ (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective)
barbarous. So Pakistan is going down (h) ͟ (use an adverb to post-modify the verb). The founder of
Pakistan Mr. Jinnah was physically (i) ͟ (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) weak and so,
the state always tried to show its physical strength since (j) ͟ (use a possessive to pre-modify
the noun) birth.

18. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[Barishal Board-2017]

Raja, (a) ͟ (post-modify the noun with an appositive), is known to his classmates as a good student.
He has (b) ͟ (use a quantifier to pre-modify the noun) good qualities. He knows that the (c) ͟ (use
an adjective to pre-modify the noun) duty of a student is to study and he never neglects (d) ͟ (use a
demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) duty. He prepares (e) ͟ (use possessive to pre modify the
noun) lessons regularly. He maintains discipline. He knows the value of time. He gets up (f) ͟ (post
modify the verb with an adverb). He goes to school (g) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an adverb). He
never wastes a (h) ͟ (use determines to pre-modify the noun) moment in vain. Raja is (i)__(pre-

Academic Program | HSC’25 6 Modifiers

 modify the adjective with an intensifier) gentle. He always obeys his parents and teachers. He never
mixes with (j) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) boys. A student like Raja is a great asset of a nation.

19.Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[Dhaka Board-2016]

Rabindranath Tagore was a (a) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) poet of Bangalee literature. He was born in a
(b) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) family at Jarasanko, Kolkata. He went to school (c) ͟ (post- modify the
verb). He wrote his (d) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) verse at the age of eight. At the age of seventeen, he
went to London (e) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) school there. He was put up in a lodging
house under the care of a (f) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) coach, Mr. Scott. He was lucky (g) ͟ (post-
modify the adjective with an Infinitive) an English family of Mr. Scott. He also visited the House of
Parliament (h) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) Gladstone and John Bright's debates on Irish
rule. He wrote letters to Kolkata (i) ___(post-modify the verb with a present participle) English society.
At this, his family thought that they might lose their son (j) ͟ (post-modify the verb). So, he was called
back to Kolkata.

20. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[Rajshahi Board-2016]

It was a hot (a) ͟ (use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) day. A (b) ͟ (pre-modify the noun)
crow flew all over the fields looking for water. For a long time, she could not find any She felt (c) ͟
(use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) weak, almost giving up hope. Suddenly, she saw a water
jug below her. She flew (d) ͟ (post-modify the verb) to see if there was any water inside. Yes, she
could see some water inside the jug. The crow tried (e) ͟ (use an Infinitive phrase to post-modify the
verb). Sadly, she found that the neck of the jug was too narrow. Then she tried to push the jug down
for the water to flow out. But she found (f) ͟ (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) jug too
heavy. The crow thought (g) ͟ (use a phrase to post-modify the verb) what to do. (h)__(use a participle
to pre-modify the verb), she saw some pebbles nearby. She (i) __ (pre-modify the verb) had a good
idea. She started picking up the pebbles one by one, dropping each into the jug. As more and more
pebbles filled the jug, the water kept rising. Seon it was high (j) ͟ (post-modify the adjective) for the
crow to drink. The crow quenched its thirst and flew away.

21. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[Dinajpur Board-2016]

Water is a (a) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) substance. It has no colour of (b) ͟ (possessive to pre-
modify) own. The (c) __ (determiner to pre-modify the noun) name of water is life. By drinking
water, we can quench (d) ͟ (possessive to pre-modify the noun) thirst. Thus we can survive on earth.
But (e) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) water is life killing. By drinking contaminated water, we suffer from
diseases like diarrhoea, typhoid etc. We may (f) ͟ (pre-modify the verb) face (g) ͟ (pre-modify the

Academic Program | HSC’25 7 Modifiers

 noun) death by drinking such type of water. We are responsible for (h) ͟ (noun adjective to pre-
modify the noun) pollution. Waste materials from mills and factories are thrown here and there.
Farmers use fertilizers and insecticides in their land. During the rainy season. they are mixed with ponds
and rivers. Besides, latrines (i) __ (participle to post-modify the noun) on ponds and rivers cause
water pollution. (j) __ (pre-modify the noun) awareness should be raised to stop water pollution.

22. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[Jashore Board-2016]

Most of the people in (a) ͟ (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) country do not know the
importance of English. In fact, it is an (b) ͟ (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) language and
we are living in a (c) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) village. So, if you know English (d)___(post- modify the
verb with an adverb), you can communicate with (e) ͟ (use article to pre-modify the noun phrase)
rest of the world. It is surely an important element of your (f) ͟ (use a noun adjective to pre-modify
the noun) skill. Without the knowledge of English with proper understanding, you cannot complete
(g) ͟ (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) higher studies because most of the books are written
in English in the process of higher education. Poor knowledge of English will also hamper your (h)__
(use a noun adjective) development. In short, if you do not have a good command of English, you will
suffer (i) ͟ (post-modify the verb with prepositional phrase/adverbial) of your life. So, don't waste
your time and try to learn English (j) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an adverb) from today.

23. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[Cumilla Board-2016]

I had a peculiar experience (a) ͟ (post-modify the verb) while travelling to St. Martin's Island. I visited
the island along with my family. Zahid, (b) ͟ (post-modify the noun with an appositive), was our
guide. On our way to the island, we watched (c) ͟ (demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) sea gulls.
The (d) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) birds were flying (e) ͟ (post-modify the verb) with the ship. They
became (f) ͟ (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) dear and friendly to us. We entertained
them with chips and biscuits. (g) ͟ them (use a present participle to pre-modify the verb), to pre-
modify the verb), we become (h) ͟ (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) excited. We
decided (i) ͟ (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb) in the idyllic island for a couple of days.
We can never forget (j) ͟ (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the adjective phrase) lovely sea birds.

24. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[Chattogram Board-2016]

Once there lived a (a) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) fox In a jungle. One day, while he was walking (b)___
(post-modify the verb) through the jungle he fell into a trap and lost his tail. He felt (c) ) ͟ (pre-modify
the adjective) unhappy and sad. But the fox was very cunning. He hit upon a plan. He Invited all the
foxes (d) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) to a meeting. When all the foxes arrived, the fox

Academic Program | HSC’25 8 Modifiers

 without a tail said, "My dear friends, listen to me, please, I have discovered a (e) ͟ (pre-modify the
noun) thing. It is that our tails are (f) ͟ (pre-modify the adjective) useless. They look ugly and dirty.
So, we all should cut off our tails, shouldn't we?" All foxes listened to the cunning fox (g) ͟ (post-
modify the verb). Most of them agreed (h) (post- modify the verb with an infinitive) their tails. But an
old and (i) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) fox said to him, "My friend, your plan is nice but evil. Actually,
you want to cut off our tails because you have (j) ͟ (pre-modify the noun with a determiner) tail of
your own."

25. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[Sylhet Board-2016]

Othello. (a) ͟ (use an appositive to post-modify the noun) had risen to become a general. He had
shown his bravery in many (b) ͟ (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) battles against the Turks.
Everyone praised him (c) ͟ (use an adverb to post-modify the verb) and the senate trusted and
honoured him. Brabantio, a rich senator of Venice had a daughter named Desdemona (d) ͟ (use a
relative clause to post-modify the noun). Brabantio (e) ͟ (use an adverb to pre- modify the verb)
invited Othello to his house where he and his daughter listened in wonder to Othello as he spoke
about his adventures. He told them of deserts, of caves and of mountains high (f) ͟ (use an intensifier
to pre-modify the adjective) to touch the sky. Desdemona had to weep (g) ͟ (use a present participle
to post-modify the verb phrase) and she never became tired of listening to it. She pitied Othello (h) ͟
(use an adverb to post-modify the verb) for the misfortunes and hardships of his life. Her pity (i) ͟
(use an adverb to post-modify the verb) turned to love. She refused all the young men (j) ͟ (use an
infinitive to post-modify the verb) because she loved Othello, a noble Muslim moor from North Africa.

26. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
[Barishal Board-2016]

A village doctor is a (a) ͟ (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) familiar person in the rural
areas of Bangladesh. He is (b) ͟ (pre-modify the verb) known as a quack. A village doctor is not a (c)
͟ (pre-modify the noun) doctor. He (d) ͟ (pre-modify the verb) sits in a small dispensary in the
morning and evening. He treats the patients (e) ͟ (use a participle modify the verb) fees. A village
doctor is not a (f) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) man. His chamber is (g) ͟ (pre-modify the verb) furnished.
He cannot supply costly medicines to the (h) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) patients. In our country, the
number of qualified doctors is (i) ͟ (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) few. So, a village
doctor is a great friend to the (j) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) people.

27. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

One day, a (a) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) man lost his purse. The purse contained very (b) ͟ (pre-
modify the noun) things. So, he became (c) ͟ (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) worried.
He began (d) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) for the purse. He failed to find out the. (e) ͟

Academic Program | HSC’25 9 Modifiers

 (pre-modify the noun) thief. His servants did not admit. Then he decided (f) ͟ (post-modify the verb
with an infinitive) to the judge. The judge called the servants but they denied the charge. Then the judge
hit upon a plan (g) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) the thief. He gave all of them the sticks
of (h) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) length and asked them to submit the sticks on the following day. The
judge also told that the stick of the thief would increase by an inch. (i) ͟ (pre-modify the verb with a
present participle phrase), all the servants kept their stick as it was. But the servant who stole the purse
reduced it by an inch. Next day the judge detected the thief (j) ͟ (post-modify the verb).

28. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

The Nobel Prize is the world's most (a) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) prize. It had been given since 1901.
It is given in (b) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) fields. It is given to persons who have (c) ͟ (pre-modify the
noun) contributions to physics, chemistry, literature, medicine, economics and peace. Alfred Bernard
Nobel, (d) ͟ (use an appositive to Post-modify the noun), instituted the prize. (e) ͟ (pre-modify the
verb with a present participle phrase), he earned a huge amount of money. Then he planned (f) ͟
(post-modify the verb with an infinitive) the money for those who would contribute to mankind. So
he deposited his (g) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) money in a bank and made a will. The prize is given
from the interest of the money. The amount of money is Increasing (h) ͟ (post-modify the verb). The
(i) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) prize was given to Rontgen for inventing X-rays. Dr. Yunus, (j) ͟ (use
an appositive to Post-modify the noun) won Nobel Prize for peace in 2006.

29. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

Eid is certainly the biggest (a) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) festival for the Muslims. It brings (b) ͟ (pre-
modify the noun) happiness to them. All the year round people (c) ͟ (pre-modify the verb) wait for
this day. So most people (d) ͟ (post-modify the noun with a present participle) outside their homes
feel an urge to return homes. They come home on Eid (e) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an infinitive)
the joy with their near and dear ones. A (f) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) rush is seen in the buses, trains
and launches. Accidents often follow such (g) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) Journeys. But this cannot
reduce their desire (h) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an Infinitive) with their close ones. It is (i) ͟ (use
a non-adjective to Pre-modify the noun) bond that pull them. Like a tree, human beings have roots (j)
͟ (post-modify the noun with a present participle phrase).

30. Read following text modifiers as directed the blank spaces.

People do not the (a) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) food all over the world. It varies from place to place.
The food habits of the people country depend largely on its (b) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) position.
That is to say kinds food that people eat depend on what they can grow or afford (c) ͟ (post-modify
the verb with an infinitive) from other countries. For example people (d) ͟ post-modify noun with
present participle) in the tropical countries eat a lot of corns, rice, fruits, vegetables. The (e) ͟ (pre-
modify the noun) food of Japan come from the sea as it is a country of islands in the Pacific. They eat

Academic Program | HSC’25 10 Modifiers

 a lot of (f) ͟ (use noun-adjective to pre-modify noun) food like shrimps and oysters. Sweden, Denmark
and Finland have (g) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) sea coasts, their main food is fish. The Eskimos live (h)
͟ (post-modify the verb) on meat and fish as nothing be grown there. Meat is eaten Australia, USA,
Canada they have (i) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) pastures grazing livestock. So, develop habit (j) ͟
(post-modify the noun with a present participle) on their ability grow or to buy.

31. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in blank spaces.

Women are nowadays (a) ͟ (pre-modify the adjective) Important men in society. They constitute
neatly half of our (b) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) population. Soo, they too possess (c) ͟ (pre-modify
the noun) rights and duties as men do. They noble missions (d) ͟ (post-modify the noun with an
infinitive) as men. If they get opportunities, their genius and capacities will bloom (e) ͟ (post-modify
verb). No nation can make real progress (f) ͟ (post-modify the verb with a present participle) half of
its population in the dark. The progress of nation is not possible if we do not develop our women (g)
͟ (post-modify the verb). To develop our women, we need (h) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an
infinitive) them. And an (i) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) woman can be an asset herself and to the country.
Hence education should be the (j)— (post-modify the noun) priority.

32. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

Socrates, (a) ͟ (post-modify the noun with an appositive), believed that an angry man was more of a
beast than a (b) ͟ (use adjective to pre-modify noun) being. His wife used to lose (c) ͟ (use possessive
to pre-modify the noun) temper slightest excuse. She tried her utmost (d) ͟ (use an infinitive phrase
to post-modify the noun phrase). (e) ͟ (use quantifier to pr-modify the noun) day the woman became
more furious than ever. Socrates went (g) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an adverbial of place). He sat
on the (h) ͟ (use noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) step of his residence looking out on the
path-street. The wife found that (i) ͟ (use possessive to pre-modify noun) husband was not paying the
least heed her word. She went up to him with a bucket full of water and suddenly she poured much
water over him. He (j) ͟ (use an adverb to pre-modify the verb) remarked, “I am expecting this. After
thunder, comes rain.”

33. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

The world is producing millions of tons of domestic rubbish and toxic industrial waste (a) ͟ (post-
modify the verb) and it is becoming (b) ͟ (pre-modify the adjective) difficult to find suitable locations
to get rid of all the refuse, the disposal of (c) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) kinds of waste is (d) ͟ (post-
modify the verb) polluting the environment. We know that air is an (e) ͟ (post-modify the noun)
element of our environment. Man makes fire (f) ͟ (post-modify the verb by an infinitive) food, make
bricks, melt tar for road construction and to do (g) ) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) things which pollute
the air. Railway engines and (h) ͟ (pre-modify the noun by a noun adjective) houses create smoke (i)

Academic Program | HSC’25 11 Modifiers

 ͟ (post-modify the verb by adverb phrase). Mills and factories also belch (j) ͟ (pre-modify the noun
by adjective phrase) smoke.

34. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

Computer is one of the (a) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) invention of modern technology. It has changed
the world (b) ͟ (post-modify the verb). It is being used in (c) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) sectors. Both
teachers and students use it (d) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an infinitives) knowledge. So, it is helping
education (e) ͟ (post-modify the verb). It helps (f) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) diseases.
It has quickened (g) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) transaction. It is also used (h) ͟ (post-modify the verb)
in industries and factories. But it was not invented (i) ͟ (post-modify the verb). It took (j) ͟ (pre-
modify the noun) years to develop.

35. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

There are (a) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) seasons in our country. The (b) ͟ (pre-modify the noun)
season in Bangla calendar is summer. During summer, the weather becomes (c) ͟ (pre-modify the the
adjective with an intensifier) hot and dry. Various (d) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) fruits are found this
time. After summer comes the (e) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) season. As it rains (f) ͟ (post-modify the
verb), this time the weather becomes very humid. Flowers like kadam, lily bloom (g) ͟ (post-modify
the verb). After this season comes autumn and late autumn. Then comes the (h) ͟ (pre-modify the
noun) season with Poush and Magh. The weather becomes (i) ͟ ( use an intensifier to pre-modify the
adjective) cold and foggy. Last of all comes spring season. The (j) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) song of
cuckoo is heard this time.

36. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

Once there was a young writer (a) ͟ (use a present participle to post-modify the noun) in Paris. As
he was a bachelor, he lived in a (b) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) apartment. He was earning barely enough
money (c) ͟ (post-modify the noun with an infinitive) body and soul together. A woman wrote to
him (d) ͟ (post-modify the verb with a present participle) one of his books. The writer answered to
her letter (e) ͟ (post-modify the noun with a present participle) her. The woman wrote to him
(f)___(pre-modify the noun with a determiner) letter. She mentioned that she would like (g) ͟ (post-
modify the verb with an infinitive) a chat with him. She also requested him (h) ͟ (post-modify the
verb with an infinitive) her a luncheon at Foyot's. Foyot's was an (i) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) restaurant.
But the writer was (j) ͟ (pre-modify the adjective with an Intensifier) young to say 'no' to a woman.

37. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

Television is now the most (a) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) source of entertainment. It entertains people
of (b) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) ages. Different programmes are telecast on (c) ͟ (pre-modify the

Academic Program | HSC’25 12 Modifiers

 noun) channels. Television programmes are not only enjoyable but they can be (d) ͟ (pre-modify the
adjective with an intensifier) educative. It is now used for distance learning (e) ͟ (post-modify the
verb). Almost all families (f) ͟ (post-modify the noun with a present participle) in the towns or villages
have a television set today. It has now become also a (g) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) box for sport lovers.
Television shows (h) ͟ (pre-modify the noun with a noun- adjective) events. So people can watch
them (i) ͟ (post-modify the verb). But it may affect the taste of our(j) ͟ (pre-modify the noun)
generation.

38. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

Many people all over the world die (a) ͟ (post-modify the verb) because of pollution. These
unfortunate and (b) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) deaths are caused by environmental pollution.
Environmental pollution refers to (c) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) specific pollutions. Firstly air is polluted
by domestic waste and (d) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) waste. It mainly causes (e) ͟ (pre- modify the
noun) disease. Then we pollute water (f) ͟ (post-modify the verb) by throwing waste Into it. Water
pollution causes many (g) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) diseases. Next factor is noise pollution (h) ͟ (post-
modify the noun with a present participle) aggression and damaging hearing. And finally, odour
pollution from dumped or untreated (i) ͟ (pre-modify the noun with a noun-adjective) waste which
causes discomfort to our sense of smell. We should take actions (j) ͟ post-modify the noun with an
infinitive) these problems.

39. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

Language plays a (a) ͟ (pre-modify the adjective with an intensifier) Important role in our life. We use
language from the time we wake up (b) ͟ (post-modify the verb) till we go to bed at night. We use
language not only in our (c) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) hours but also in our dreams. We use language
(d) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) what we feel and to say what like or dislike. We also
use language (e) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) Information. Language is (f) ͟ (pre-modify
the adjective) present in our life. It is an (g) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) part of our life. As an (h) ͟ (pre-
modify the noun) nation we also have a language. But we had to struggle (i) ͟ (post-modify the verb)
to establish the right to our language. Many (j) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) sons sacrificed their lives for
the language.

40. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
One day Robert Bruce, (a) ͟ (post-modify the noun with an appositive), was lying in the cave. He was
thinking of (b) ͟ (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) misfortune. He thought that he would not
be able (c) ͟ (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb). Suddenly, he saw a spider (d)___(post-
modify the verb with a prepositional phrase/an adverbial of place). The spider was trying to reach
(e)___ (use determiner to pre-modify the noun) ceiling of the cave. It almost got to the point (f) ͟
(use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) times, but fell down at the last moment. It did not lose hope.
It was trying (g) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an adverbial). On the seventh attempt it reached the

Academic Program | HSC’25 13 Modifiers

 ceiling. Robert Bruce became very much amazed (h) ͟ (use an Infinitive phrase to post-modify the
verb) the success of the spider. He felt encouraged and came out of the cave and began to gather
soldiers again. He remembered the small spider and prepared (i) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an
adverb) for the battle. He fought hard with the English and (j) ͟ (use a demonstrative to pre-modify
the noun) time, he came out successful. Strong will and perseverance made Robert Bruce the king of
Scotland again.

41. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

Macbeth was the General of Scotland. He fought (a) ͟ (post-modify the verb) and won the battle.
While he was returning to his castle, he saw three witches (b) ͟ (post-modify the noun with a present
participle) about him. He came (c) ͟ (post-modify the noun with an infinitive) from the witches that
he would be the king of Scotland. He became (d) ͟ (pre-modify the adjective with an intensifier)
ambitious. His wife also wanted Macbeth (e) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) the king. She
was a very (f) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) woman. So, she began (g) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an
infinitive) Macbeth. Then they both plotted to kill Duncan, (h) ͟ (post-modify the noun with an
appositive). They planned (i) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an Infinitive) Duncan when he would come
to stay with them in their castle. (j) ͟ (pre-modify the verb with a present participle) a knife, Macbeth
entered the room of Duncan and killed him.

42. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

Traffic jam is a (a) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) problem in Dhaka. It becomes serious in (b) ͟ (pre-
modify the noun) hours. Sometimes it becomes (c) ͟ (pre-modify the adjective with an intensifier)
serious. It becomes very difficult for people (d) ͟ (post-modify the noun with an infinitive). They
cannot reach their destination (e) ͟ (post-modify the verb). Our population has risen very (f) ͟ (post-
modify the verb). The number of vehicles has also gone up. But our roads are not broad (g) ͟ (post-
modify adjective) accommodate so many vehicles. Slow (h) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) vehicles have
added complications to this problem. Moreover, our drivers are not willing (i) ͟ (post-modify the
adjective with an infinitive phrase). Sometimes they drive (j) ͟ (post-modify the verb) and meet
accidents.

43. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

Physical exercise is very necessary for us (a) ͟ (post-modify the adjective with infinitive phrase). It
means (b) ) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) movement of our limbs. We should take physical exercise (c)
__(post-modify the verb). There are (d) ͟ exercises. All people may not know all these. So, they can
take one exercise very (e) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) and that is walking. They can walk for thirty or
forty minutes (f) ͟ (post-modify the verb) or in the afternoon. But they have to take it (g) ͟ (post-
modify the verb). Those who are workers do not need (h) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an infinitive)

Academic Program | HSC’25 14 Modifiers

 physical exercise. They work (i) ͟ (post-modify the verb) to earn money. It keeps them (j) ͟ (pre-
modify the adjective) fit.

44. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

In 1912 an (a) ͟ (use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) shipping company launched a new
ship called titanic, (b) ͟ (post-modify the noun with an appositive). Experts believed that it was (c)__
(pre-modify the adjective) unsinkable. On April 14, the ship sailed on her (d) ͟ (pre-modify the noun)
voyage across the Atlantic from Southampton in England to New York in the United States. On April
15, the ship struck with a (e) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) Iceberg. It created a great hole in ship's side
and the unsinkable Titanic began (f) ͟ (use an infinite to post modify the verb). Everyone rushed to
the lifeboats (g) ͟ (use present participle to pre-modify the noun) the bell’s ring. But there was not
(h) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) room for them all. It was a (i) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) scene. Wives
were weeping because they had (j) ͟ (use an Infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb).

45. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

One hot (a) ͟ (use a noun adjective to pre modify the noun) day an ant was searching for some water.
After walking for some time she came to a (b) ͟ (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) spring. To
reach the spring she had to climb up a blade of grass. While climbing the blade of (c) __ (use a
demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) glass, she slipped and fell into water. A dove from a mango
tree saw this incident. (d) ͟ (use a participle phrase to pre-modify the verb), the dove quickly plucked
off a leaf and dropped it into the water near the (e) ͟ (use a present participle to pre-modify the noun)
ant. The ant moved towards the leaf and climbed up there. Soon it carried her (f) ͟ (use an adverb
to post-modify the verb) to the dry ground. Just at that time the ant saw a hunter standing (g) ͟ (use
an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) close to him. He was aiming an arrow to the dove (h) ͟ (use
a relative clause to post-modify the noun). So the ant took a firm determination to save the dove's life.
She (i) ͟ (use an adverb to pre-modify the verb) went to the hunter and gave him a severe bite. The
hunter cried out in pain and missed the target. The dove saw this and flew away (j) ͟ (use an infinitive
phrase to post-modify the verb).

46. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

Load-shedding. (a) ͟ (post-modify the noun with an appositive), means intentional stopping of the
supply of electricity in a (b) ͟ (use determiner to pre-modify the noun) area of a certain period of
time. It occurs when (c) ͟ (use article to pre-modify the noun) generation of power is less than the
demand. Load-shedding causes a lot of problems for us. It hampers our (d) ͟ (use an adjective to pre-
modify the noun) household activities. The production of mills and factories is stopped. Students
cannot prepare (e) ͟ (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) lessons and idle away their time. Patients
suffer (f) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an adverb) because of load- shedding. In fact, load-shedding
hampers the smooth (g) ͟ (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) development of a country. In

Academic Program | HSC’25 15 Modifiers

 order to solve the problem of load-shedding, we should try (h) ͟ (use an infinitive phrase to post-
modify the verb) more electricity through government and (i) ͟ (use an adjective to pre-modify the
noun) initiatives. We should also try to stop the misuse of electricity. An all-out effort can solve (j)___
problem (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) problem.

47. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

Books are (a) ͟ (pre-modify the adjective with an intensifier) essential for us. They help us (b) ___
(post-modify the verb with an infinitive) knowledge. (c) ͟ (pre-modify the verb with a present
participle) books, we can know everything. They show us the (d) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) way. Books
can be our (e) ͟ (pre-modify noun) friends. They help us (f) ͟ (post-modify the verb with on
infinitive) our mind. They improve our (g) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) power. They give us solace to
our (h) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) mind. Besides reading (i) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) books, students
should read other books. If they read other books, they will be able to know everything (j) ͟ (post-
modify the verb).

48. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

A farmer works (a) ͟ (post-modify the verb) to grow crops. He rises (b) ͟ (post-modify the verb)
in the morning. Then he goes to the field. Though he is illiterate, he knows how (c) ͟ (post-modify
the verb with an infinitive). He works all day long (d) ͟ (post-modify the verb). He returns from the
field (e) ͟ (post-modify the verb). (f) ͟ (pre-modify the verb with a present participle) home, he eats
his meal. Then he goes to a tea stall (g) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an infinitive). He does many
things stage by stage (h) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an infinitive phrase). He ploughs his land, sows
seeds , irrigates his land and reaps crops. He cultivates (i) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) kinds of crops. (j)
͟ (pre-modify the verb with a present participle phrase), he gets money and maintains his family.

49. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

Modern life depends (a) ͟ (post-modify the verb) on transport. We can understand well how
important transport is when it is hampered by (b) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) disasters and political
crisis. Transport helps us (c) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) our destinations. It had
quickened trade and commerce (d) ͟ (post-modify the verb). It also helps us (e) ͟ (post-modify the
verb with an Infinitive) with our relatives and friends. The development of transport has made the
world small. We can travel to any country (f) ͟ (post-modify the verb). We use transport (g) ͟ (use
an infinitive to post-modify the verb) our goods and products to different places. The use of transport
saves our time (h) ͟ (post-modify the verb). It also helps us (i) ͟ (post-modify the verb with an
infinitive) knowledge and ideas. (j) ͟ (pre-modify the verb with a present participle phrase), we can
promote understanding among the nations.

Academic Program | HSC’25 16 Modifiers

 50. Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

It is difficult (a) ͟ (post-modify the adjective with an infinitive) in Bangladesh if you do not have any
experience of driving here. Drivers change lanes (b) ͟ (post modify the verb). As a foreigner you may
find (c) ͟ (pre-modify the noun) changing without signals quite distressing. Many drivers are not at all
aware of (d) ͟ (pre-modify the room) rickshaws move in and out in a (e) ͟ (pre-modify the noun)
way. They try (f) ͟ (post-modify the verb) whenever they find some space. Sometimes drivers drive
(g) ͟ (post- modify the verb) to reach their destinations. This face some serious (h) ͟ (pre-modify
noun with a noun-adjective) accidents. (i) ͟ (pre-modify the verb with a present participle phrase), it
is not easy to move with your car here. If you want to move (j) ͟ (post-modify the verb), you have
to practise driving for some days.

Answer

1. (a) a worldwide pandemic; (b) across the world/ all over the world/ in the world; (c) enough; (d)
This/ The; (e) our; (f) to completely get rid of this evil; (g) new; (h) relentlessly/ continuously; (i) when
a perfect vaccine or remedy against it will be invented; (j) the.
2. (a) harmful/dangerous/poisonous; (b) very; (c) This; (d) many/numerous/some/several/a lot of; (e)
our; (f) village; (g) widely/usually/nowadays/generally; (h) to purify the drinking water/to get rid of this
problem/to be safe/to remain safe; (i) painting with; (1) (j) those/these.
3. (a) to satisfy our hunger/to maintain our health; (b) all; (c) our; (d) Food; (e) so: (f) Some; (g)
poisonous/ harmful/toxic; (h) our; (i) Eating/Taking/Having/Consuming: (j) ensuring/ maintaining.
4. (a) small; (b) vast/huge; (c) mainly/largely; (d) round the year; (e) foreign; (f) natural; (g) to raise/to
explore/to extract; (h) rapidly/fast; (i) garment; (j) good/great/large.
5. (a) vital/ important/ significant; (b) seriously/ Indiscriminately/ unwisely; (c) to produce; (d)
profusely; (e) the most vital element of the environment; (f) many/various; (g) throwing wastes; (h)
chemical/ harmful; (i) Polluted/ Contaminated; (j) very.
6. (a) important/ significant/ vital/ useful; (b) bookish/ academic; (c) to enrich/ to increase; (d) regularly/
daily/ everyday; (e) to know/ to be informed of; (f) Reading newspaper; (g) many/ various/different;
(h) wisely/carefully/ prudently; (i) impartial/unblased; (j) certainly/undoubtedly.
7. (a) very; (b) in the morning; (c) waking; (d) to express; (e) to exchange/get; (f) ever/always; (g)
inseparable/integral; (h) independent; (i) hard; (j) heroic/brave/worthy.
8. (a) storehouse; (b) attending: (c) Some/Many; (d) reading; (e) (e) systematically/alphabetically: (f) of
the students and teachers: (g) Macbeth, King Lear, etc.; (h) of different subjects/of varied interests: (i)
card; (j) especially/particularly/also.
9. (a) constructed in our country; (b) Reckless/Careless: (c) well/properly/adequately: (d)
hardly/nearly/merely; (e) public/human; (f) more; (g) carelessly/indifferently/ recklessly; (h)
not/never/hardly; (i) their; (j) in a wilful manner/in a whimsical way/at random/carelessly.

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 10. (a) widespread/popular; (b) present/modern; (c) varied; (d) many/numerous/different;(e)
Television; (f) not only/very/greatly; (g) highly/equally: (h) run; (i) Several/Different; (j) an.
11. (a) great/famous/rebel/renowned/reputed; (b) almost; (c) our national poet/the rebel poet; (d) his;
(e) to inspire the people/nation; (f) very; (g) greatly/immensely; (h) Bengali/Bangla; (i) a (j) throughout
his life/in his poems.
12. (a) indiscriminately/at random/recklessly; (b) ecological; (c) to earn money illegally; (d) sea/water;
(e) going to be/being; (f) cutting; (g) cutting; (g) Cutting/Destroying; (h) in a merciless way/at random;
(i) increasing/growing; (j) to stop det deforestation/to maintain the ecological balance.
13. (a) landless/poor; (b) to work; (c) their; (d) working; (e) day; (f) to earn; (g) occasionally: (h) own;
(i) begging; (j) invalid.
14. (a) an; (b) his; (c) very well/quite well/well; (d) illiterate; (e) to remove/to eradicate; (f)
Removing/Eradicating; (g) very/highly; (h) five; (i) an ideal man; (j) also.
15. (a) familiar/common; (b) (b) also also/usually/commonly; (c) registered/qualified/skilled; (d)
regularly/ everyday; (e) giving them cheap/inexpensive medicines; (f) solvent/rich/wealthy; (g)
not/poorly; (h) the/poor; (i) very; (j) poor.
16. (a) various/good/several; (b) to lead/to maintain; (c) balanced; (d) some/many: (e) easily/frequently;
(f) our; (g) same/similar; (h) eating/taking; (i) to select/choose/make; (j) a.
17. (a) strongly/instantly/Immediately; (b) notorious; (c) Pakistan; (d) to blame/to condemn; (e) that;
(f) the mostly military ruled country; (g) very; (h) gradually /day by day/sharply; (i) very; (j) its.
18. (a) a school boy; (b) some/many; (c) main/principal/first; (d) this: (e) his; (f) early: (g) regularly/daily;
(h) single; (i) very. (j) bad/naughty.
19. (a) renowned; (b) noble; (c) early; (d) first; (e) to attend; (f) professional; (g) enough to find; (h)
to listen to; (i) admiring; (j) forever.
20. (a) summer; (b) thirsty; (c) very; (d) quickly; (e) to drink water; (f) that; (g) for a while; (h) Looking
around; (i) finally/then; (j) enough.
21. (a) liquid; (b) its; (c) other; (d) our; (e) contaminated; (f) easily: (g) premature; (h) water; (i)
standing; (j) Public.
22. (a) our; (b) international; (c) global; (d) well; (e) the; (f) language; (g) your; (h) career: (i) in every
stage; (j) properly.
23. (a) unexpectedly; (b) a local boy: (c) those; (d) beautiful; (e) elegantly; (f) very: (g) Entertaining: (h)
very: (i) to stay: (j) those.
24. (a) clever; (b) alone/aimlessly; (c) very; (d) to come; (e) new; (f) quite; (g) attentively; (h) to cut
off; (i) wise; (j) no.
25. (a) a black moor; (b) fearful/dangerous; (c) highly; (d) who loved him; (e) sometimes; (f) enough;
(g) listening to his stories; (h) much; (i) finally; (j) to marry.

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 26. (a) very; (b) mostly; (c) registered/qualified; (d) regularly; (e) taking; (f) rich/poor; (g) ill/well; (h)
poor; (i) very; (j) village/rural.
27. (a) rich; (b) valuable; (c) very; (d) to search; (e) actual; (f) to go: (g) to detect; (h) equal; (i) Going
home; (j) easily.
28. (a) prestigious; (b) six; (c) outstanding: (d) the inventor of dynamite; (e) Inventing dynamite; (f) to
spend; (g) total/entire; (h) gradually; (i) first; (j) a Bangladeshi economist/a Bangladeshi.
29. (a) religious; (b) great; (c) eagerly; (d) living: (e) to share; (f) mad; (g) risky; (h) to meet; (i) family;
(j) connecting them.
30. (a) same; (b) geographical; (c) to buy; (d) living; (e) chief/main; (f) sea; (g) large; (h) entirely; (i)
large: (j) depending.
31. (a) as; (b) total; (c) equal; (d) to fulfil; (e) fully/completely; (f) keeping; (g) properly; (h) to educate;
(i) educated; (j) first.
32. (a) a renowned philosopher; (b) human; (c) her; (d) to irritate; (e) One; (f) the; (g) outside; (h)
door; (i) her; (j) quietly.
33. (a) each year/gradually; (b) more/extremely; (c) various; (d) seriously/constantly/rapidly; (e)
important/essential; (f) to cook; (g) many other; (h) power; (i) by burning coal and oil; (j) a lot of/deep
black.
34. (a) greatest; (b) greatly/drastically; (c) all; (d) to acquire; (e) hugely; (f) widely; (g) financial ; (h)
extensively; (i) overnight; (j) many.
35. (a) six; (b) first; (c) very; (d) seasonal; (e) rainy; (f) heavily; (g) in this season; (h) winter; (i) very;
(j) sweet.
36. (a) living; (b) tiny/small; (c) to keep; (d) praising; (e) thanking; (f) another; (g) to have; (h) to give;
(i) expensive; (j) too.
37. (a) common; (b) all; (c) numerous/different; (d) highly; (e) too; (f) living; (g) favourite/popular; (h)
sport; (i) live: (j) young.
38. (a) unnecessarily; (b) avoidable; (c) four; (d) Industrial; (e) respiratory: (f) Indiscriminately/
unwisely; (g) water-borne; (h) causing; (i) human; (j) to control.
39. (a) very; (b) in the morning; (c) waking; (d) to express; (e) to get/to exchange; (f) always/ever; (g)
integral/important; (h) independent: (i) hard; (j) brave.
40. (a) the king of Scotland; (b) his; (c) to regain his lost kingdom: (d) in his cave; (e) the; (f) several;
(g) to reach the ceiling; (h) to see; (i) soon/completely; (j) this.
41. (a) bravely: (b) talking: (c) to know; (d) very; (e) to become; (f) greedy: (g) to instigate;
(h) the king: (i) to kill; (j) Taking.

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 42. (a) common; (b) rush; (c) very; (d) to move; (e) punctually; (f) fast; (g) enough; (h) moving;
(i) to follow the traffic rules; (j) recklessly.
43. (a) to keep good health/to keep fit; (b) regular; (c) regularly; (d) many; (e) easily; (f) in the morning;
(g) regularly; (h) to take; (i) hard; (j) physically.
44. (a) American; (b) the greatest ship ever built; (c) totally; (d) first; (e) huge; (f) to sink; (g) hearing;
(h) protective; (i) pathetic; (j) to drown.
45. (a) summer: (b) flowing; (c) such; (d) Seeing the predicament of the ant; (e) floating: (f) near/close;
(g) very; (h) that had saved her life; (i) very swiftly: (j) to save herself.
46. (a) a great curse; (b) particular; (c) the; (d) daily; (e) their: (f) greatly: (g) progressive; (h) to
generate; (i) pragmatic; (j) this.
47. (a) very; (b) to gain; (c) Reading; (d) true; (e) best; (f) to develop; (g) thinking; (h) disturbed; (i)
text; (j) properly.
48. (a) hard; (b) early; (c) to cultivate; (d) in the field; (e) in the evening; (f) Returning/Coming; (g) to
relax; (h) to grow crops; (i) different/many (j) Selling crops.
49. (a) much; (b) natural; (c) to reach; (d) all over the world. (e) to communicate; (f) eastly/quickly; (g)
to carry: (h) hugely; (i) to gain; (j) Taking the help of transport.
50. (a) to drive; (b) frequently/often; (c) lane; (d) traffic: (e) zigzag; (f) to move/to go/to push through;
(g) fast; (h) road; (i) Being a foreigner; (j) safely.

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