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Galvanometer Physics 1

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Shone Bijju
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38 views

Galvanometer Physics 1

Uploaded by

Shone Bijju
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GALVANOMETER-FIGURE OF MERIT

AIM: To determine resistance of a galvanometer by half-deflection method and to


find its figure of merit
APPARATUS:
Galvanometer, voltmeter, battery, resistance boxes, one-way keys, rheostat and
ammeter
THEORY:
(i) The resistance of the given galvanometer as found by half-deflection
method is given by,
G=R.S/R-S …. (1)
Where R is the resistance connected in series with the galvanometer and S is the
shunt resistance.
(ii) The figure of merit, k=E/(R+G) θ ….(2)
Where E is the e.m.f. of the cell and θ is the deflection produced with
resistance R.
(iii) The maximum current that can pass through the galvanometer,
Ig= nk
Where n is the total number of divisions on the galvanometer scale on either side
of zero.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURE:

(a) Resistance of a galvanometer by half-deflection method:

1. Make the connections accordingly as shown in circuit diagram.


2. Take out the high resistance (say 2000 Ω) from the resistance box
R and insert the key K1 only.
3. Adjust the value of R so the deflection is maximum.
4. Note the deflection let it be θ.
5. Insert the key K2 also and without changing the value of R, adjust the
value of S, such that deflection I the galvanometer reduces exactly half
the value obtained.
6. Note the value of resistance S.
7. Repeat these steps.

(b) Figure of merit

1. Take one cell of the battery (battery eliminator) and find its E.M.F. by a
voltmeter by connecting +ve of the voltmeter with +ve of the cell and
-ve of voltmeter with -ve of the cell. Let it be E.
2. Adjust the value of R to get a certain deflection θ (say 30 divisions)
when the circuit is closed.
3. Now change the value of R and note the galvanometer
deflection again.
4. Repeat the steps with both cell of the battery with
different voltages like 2,4,6,8, volts from battery
eliminator.
OBSERVATION AND CALCULATION
Number of divisions in the galvanometer scale, n = …………
1. Table for resistance of galvanometer by half-deflection method

Deflection in Galvanometer
Shunt
Serial No. Resistance the Half resistance
resistance
of obs. R galvanometer deflection G=RS/R-S
S
(ohm) θ θ/2 (ohm)
(ohm)

Mean galvanometer resistance =……………. Ω

2. Table for figure of merit


E.m.f. of the
cells E(V) or Resistance Deflection Figure of merit
Serial No. K=E/(R+G) θ
reading of from R.B. θ (div.)
of obs.
battery R(ohm)
eliminator A/div
Mean figure of merit =……………… A/div
PRECAUTIONS:
1. The e.m.f. of cell or battery should be constant.
2. Initially a high resistance from the resistance box (R) should be introduced
in the circuit.

SOURCES OF ERROR:
1. The plugs of resistance box may not be clean.
2. The e.m.f. of battery may not be constant.
RESULT:
1. Resistance of given galvanometer = ………. Ω
2. Figure of merit of given galvanometer = …………. A/div

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