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DBMS Interview Questions

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DBMS Interview Questions

Uploaded by

Atul Patil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DBMS Interview Questions for Freshers

**DBMS Interview Questions for Freshers**

### Basic Concepts


1. What is DBMS?
2. Differentiate between DBMS and RDBMS.
3. What is a database?
4. Define primary key.
5. What is a foreign key?
6. Explain the concept of normalization.
7. What are the different normal forms?
8. What is denormalization?
9. Define a candidate key.
10. What is a composite key?

### SQL Basics


11. What is SQL?
12. What are the different types of SQL commands?
13. Define DDL and give examples.
14. Define DML and give examples.
15. Define DCL and give examples.
16. What is the difference between DELETE and TRUNCATE?
17. Explain the concept of joins in SQL.
18. What are the different types of joins?
19. Define a subquery.
20. What is a view in SQL?

### Advanced SQL


21. What is an index?
22. Differentiate between clustered and non-clustered indexes.
23. What is a stored procedure?
24. Explain the concept of a trigger.
25. What are transactions in DBMS?
26. Define ACID properties.
27. What is a cursor in SQL?
28. How do you use the GROUP BY clause?
29. Explain the HAVING clause.
30. What is the difference between UNION and UNION ALL?

### Constraints and Integrity


31. What are constraints in DBMS?
32. Define NOT NULL constraint.
33. Define UNIQUE constraint.
34. Explain CHECK constraint.
35. What is a DEFAULT constraint?
36. What is referential integrity?
37. How is integrity maintained in a database?
38. What is an entity integrity constraint?
39. Define domain constraints.
40. Explain the purpose of cascading updates and deletes.

### Relationships
41. What is a one-to-one relationship?
42. Define a one-to-many relationship.
43. What is a many-to-many relationship?
44. What is the difference between an ER diagram and a relational
schema?
45. What are attributes in DBMS?
46. Define the term "entity" in DBMS.
47. What is a weak entity?
48. How is a relationship represented in an ER diagram?
49. What are derived attributes?
50. What is a super key?

### Storage and File Management


51. What is a database schema?
52. Define a tablespace.
53. What is a data dictionary?
54. Explain the concept of indexing.
55. What is a hash function in DBMS?
56. Define data redundancy.
57. What are the different types of file organizations?
58. Explain the concept of a B-tree.
59. What is a B+ tree?
60. What is a clustered index?

### Transactions and Concurrency


61. What is a transaction?
62. Explain the ACID properties of transactions.
63. What is concurrency control?
64. What are locks in DBMS?
65. Define shared and exclusive locks.
66. What is deadlock in DBMS?
67. How can deadlocks be avoided?
68. Explain the concept of two-phase locking.
69. What is a timestamp-based protocol?
70. What is isolation in DBMS?

### DBMS Architectures


71. What are the different types of DBMS architectures?
72. Explain the two-tier architecture.
73. Explain the three-tier architecture.
74. What is the client-server architecture in DBMS?
75. Define distributed DBMS.
76. What is a centralized database?
77. Explain the concept of a cloud database.
78. What is a NoSQL database?
79. Differentiate between SQL and NoSQL databases.
80. What is an in-memory database?

### Miscellaneous
81. What is data mining?
82. Define data warehousing.
83. What are OLTP and OLAP?
84. What is a database trigger?
85. What are materialized views?
86. Define the term "metadata."
87. What is ETL?
88. Explain big data in the context of databases.
89. What is database replication?
90. Define database partitioning.

### Problem-Solving Questions


91. Write an SQL query to fetch the second-highest salary from the
employee table.
92. Write an SQL query to count the number of employees in each
department.
93. Write an SQL query to find employees whose names start with 'A.'
94. Write an SQL query to find duplicate records in a table.
95. How would you delete duplicate records from a table in SQL?
96. Write an SQL query to display the current date.
97. Write an SQL query to fetch the top 3 records from a table.
98. Write an SQL query to find the department with the highest
number of employees.
99. How would you fetch only even-numbered rows from a table?
100. Write an SQL query to fetch the first 10 characters of a string
column.

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