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inline fuctions

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Chapter 8 Function Overloading

Inline functions:
Normal function usually has an overhead i.e (the argument passing & the value returning
activities with a function call) during the execution time of a program. We use inline functions to
avoid these overheads.

Definition:
A function whose body/code is inserted at the place of its function call. They are short
functions.

Inline function is a function that replaces the function call by body of function. An inline function is a
function that is expanded in-line when it is invoked.

Characteristics of Inline Functions:


• They are defined with the keyword “inline“.
• It should be defined before all functions call it.
• The compiler replaces the function call statement with the function code itself and then compiles
the entire code.
• They run little faster than normal functions.
• They are generally used for frequently used function(repeated code)
• These functions may or may not be the member function of a class.

Syntax:
inline return-type-specifier function_name (arguments)
{
statements;
return expression;
}

Example 1: Example 2:
inline int cube(int a) inline int max(int a,int b)
{ {
return (a*a*a); return (a>b? a : b);
} }

Advantages of Inline Function:


1. The inline member functions are compact function calls.
2. Therefore the size of the object code is considerably reduced.
3. The speed of execution of a program increases.
4. Very efficient code can be generated.
5. There is no burden on the system for function call.
6. It also saves the overhead of returning a value to a function.

Disadvantages of Inline Function:


1. As the body of inline function is replaced in place of a function call, the size of the executable file
also increases.
2. More memory is needed.
3. No conditional statements (if, if-else, nested-if, switch), loops (for, while, do-while) or any other
branching statements are allowed.
4. Recursion is not possible.
5. Inline functions should be small.

St. Joseph’s PU College Page 1


Chapter 8 Function Overloading

Limitations of Inline Function:

NOTE: The inline function may not work some time for one of the following reasons (limitations)

 If inline function is too long or too complicated.


 If inline function is recursive.
 If inline function has looping construct.
 If inline function has a switch or goto statements.

Write a C++ Program to find the cube of a number using inline functions

#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>

class line
{
public: inline int cube (int s)
{
return(s*s*s);
}
};

void main()
{
line I;
int x,y;
clrscr();
cout<<“Enter a number”;
cin>>x;
y=I.cube(x);
cout<<“the cube of“<<x<<“=“<<y;
getch();
}

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St. Joseph’s PU College Page 2

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