International Journal Of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 7, Issue 7, July-2016 1487

ISSN 2229-5518

DESIGN OF INTZE WATER TANK USING JAVA

PROGRAM
Reshma Kulkarni , Prof.M.N.Mangulkar

Abstract— This Paper presents the work which will be helpful to the design engineers simply to change the data Water demand is not
constant throughout the day. In order to supply constant amount of water, we need to store water. So to meet the public water demand,
water tank need to be constructed.. This paper gives in brief about the designing stage of reservoir or tank using JAVA program, Water
tanks are traditionally designed by working stress method but as per revised IS 3370 water tank can also be designed by limit state method
. The paper consists of manual procedure i.e. design program as per working stress method. Comparative study of design between
program and manual outputs..

Index Terms : Design of Intze Tank, Working stress, Limit state, IS 3370,comparative study, Mannual design, JAVA design

——————————  ——————————

1. Introduction
Reinforced Concrete Water tank design is based
on IS 3370: 2009 (Parts I – IV). The design is go-
verned by the location of tanks, i.e. overhead, on 2.2 PERMISSIBLE STRESS IN CONCRETE
ground or underground water tanks. The tanks can be a) For resistance to cracking: The permissible
made in different shapes and sizes, Usually circular tensile stresses due to bending apply to the
and rectangular shapes are widely used. The over-

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face of the member in contact with liquid.
head tanks are usually elevated from the roof top The member with thickness less than 225
through column. The design of structure is most es- mm and contact with the liquid on one side,
sential for bearing from all loads i.e. self weight, live these permissible stresses in bending apply
load and finishes. While designing the super structure also to the face remote from the liquid.[6]
i.e. water tank’s components, it gets too late due to b) For strength calculation: In strength calcula-
some more number of iterations or interpolations tion the usual permissible stress, as per IS:
considerations. In present scenario, every field of 456-2000 is used.
works requires an automation technology. It may be a Where the calculated shear stresses in con-
software or combination of software and hardware. crete above exceed the permissible value,
Due to automation the work will be finish easier with reinforcement acting in
accuracy and efficiency. A special type of tank conjunction with diagonal compression in
named Intze tank is used for storing large amount of concrete shall be provided to take whole of
water. The overhead tanks are supported by the col- shear.[5]
umn structure which is known as staging. These col-
umn can be braced for increasing strength. [1] 2.3 PERMISSIBLE STRESS IN STEEL
In this report the study is converged to RCC circu-
lar overhead water tanks. The stress in steel must not be allowed to exceed the
following values under different positions to prevent
2 METHODOLOGY cracking of concrete.
2.1 GENERAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS 1. When steel is placed near the face of the
(Indian standard code practice (IS: 3370 members in contact with liquid 115 N/ sq
(PART II-IV)The Plain concrete member of rein- mm for mild steel Bars and 150 N/ sq mm
forced concrete liquid structure may be designed for HYSD bars.
against structure failure by Allowing tension in plain 2. When steel is placed on face away from liq-
concrete as per the permissible limit for tension in uid for members less than 225 mm in thick-
bending specified in IS: 456(permissible stress in ness same as earlier.
tension in bending may be taken to the same as per- 3. When steel is placed on the face away from
missible stress in shear). the liquid for members 225 mm or more in
thickness: 125 N/ sq mm for M.S. bars and
190 N/sq mm for HYSD bars.
————————————————
• Reshma Kulkarni is currently pursuing masters degree program in struc-
tural engineering in Dr.B.A.M.University, India, E-mail: ku- 2.4 DESIGN OF INTZE TYPE TANK
[email protected]
• Prof.M.N.Mangulkar is currently pursuing PHD, India, It is found that for storing large volumes of water
an elevated circular tank, provided with flat floor
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International Journal Of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 7, Issue 7, July-2016 1488
ISSN 2229-5518

slab, works out to an uneconomical design. It is ical dome slab and the load (w₁) transmitted through
mainly on account of the fact that the floor slab the tank wall at the top of the conical dome.
becomes too thick for large diameters tanks. 2. Divide the total load obtained above by the peri-
Intze tank is best suitable under such circums- meter of the conical dome at base, to get load per
tances. An Intze tank essentially consist of a top meter run at the conical dome base.
dome (roof), the cylindrical wall and the floor 3. Find Meridonial thrust in the slab due to (w₂) by
slab, which is a combination of conical dome the formula T = W2/Cosβ
and bottom spherical dome. Being subjected to
4. Find hoop tension due to water pressure and self-
direct compression the thickness of the domical
weight of the conical dome slab, we know that the
floor, works out to be much less and hence it
water pressure will act, normal to the inclined slab
proves to be economical alternative to flat slab
surface. Let the intensity of water pressure at a depth
floor.
h meter above conical dome base be „p‟ and let, Dh
2.5 THE TOP DOME AND TOP RING BEAM : be the diameter of the conical dome at this depth.
The dome and ring beam are assumed to be freely
connected to the cylindrical wall of the tank with the Hoop tension is then given by a general
help of shear key. We shall design the top dome and formula,
its ring beam on membrane analysis, considering H = (P/Cosβ + q. tan β)
these to be independent of the tank wall which is as- Where „q‟ is the weight of the conical slab
sumed to be free at top. per square meter of the surface area.
5. With the help of the above formulae, find the value
of hoop stress at bottom, mid height and top of the
2.6 THE CYLINDRICAL WALL: inclined conical dome slab and provide necessary

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hoop reinforcement.
Let the diameter of tank be D and the height of cylin-
drical portion be H. The walls are assumed to be free
2.8. DESIGN OF BOTTOM RING BEAM
at top and bottom. Due to this, tank walls will be sub-
jected to hoop tension only without any B.M. Maxi-
mum hoop tension will occur at base, its magnitude
being equal to W.h.d/2 per unit height. The tank The steps to be followed in the design are:
walls are adequately reinforced with horizontal rings 1. Find the net horizontal force (P) on the ring
provided at both faces. In addition to this, vertical beam given by the formula,
reinforcement is provided on both the faces in the
form of distribution reinforcement. P = T₁ x cos α ~ cos γ
2. If T₁ cos α > cos γ, the result will be net
Find hoop tension in the beam by the formula H = H₁ inward force per meter i.e. the force will be
x + H₂ x Where H₁ is the horizontal component of compressive in nature.
the thrust T, due to w₁. w₂ being the load transmitted
through the tank wall at the top of the conical dome. Find hoop stress given by,
The value of H₁ is given by H₁ = w₁ tan (β) And H₂  = x (compressive)
is the horizontal force due to water pressure at the top
of the conical dome and its value is given by H₂ = w Being compressive in nature and normally very small
x h x d Where d is the assumed depth of the beam in magnitude, its effect can be neglected. (In a well-
and h is the depth of water upto the centre of beam. proportioned tank the net horizontal force should be
Having calculated H, the beam can be designed in a much less.)
similar manner as the top ring beam. It is desirable to Find vertical load per meter run, given by= T₁ cos β
keep the depth of the beam less, so as to get more x T₂ sin γ Alternatively: Vertical load per meter can
width, which may serve as walkway or inspection also be found by dividing the total vertical loads by
gallery around the tank the perimeter of the bottom ring beam.

2.7 DESIGN OF CONICAL DOME : 3. DESIGN USING JAVA PROGRAM:

The steps to be followed in the design are: Design Program/software are useful for designing the
1. Find the weight of water on the conical dome by structure in less time and with efficiency. The inputs
taking average diameter and the corresponding depth of program are required values from IS Codes, Loads
of water. To this value add the self-weight of the con- and Required Diameter of steel bars with required
Spacing’s. By giving above inputs to program the

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International Journal Of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 7, Issue 7, July-2016 1489
ISSN 2229-5518

calculation will be easier than manual process and it

gives the
FORCE Manual JAVA Unit
output in form of whether the design is suitable or
not and structure is withstand to given cross section Top Dome 5.5 5.8 Kn/m2
and loads acting on it. To make automated design of Top Ring
67.77 68.5 Kn/m2
Overhead Intze type tank for any height, any volume Beam
Cylindrical
based on working stress method software was devel- wall
162 164 Kn/m2
oped in Java and compiled. Middel Ring
A number of inputs are required for designing the 90.63 91.33 Kn/m2
Beam
circular Intze type tank, following is a list of the ma- Conical Dome 274.09 275.12 Kn/m2
jor input parameters.
111.72 112.8 Kn/m2
Bottom Dome
3.1. Input parameters used while compiling Bottom Circular
106 108 Kn/m2
the results- Girder

1. Capacity of the tank, m3 – 250 m3

2. Diameter of the tank, m – 9 m Table 1. Comparitive table for Forces
3. Height of Cylindrical Wall, m- 3.6m
4. Depth of water – 3.6m
5. Rise of Top Dome – 1.8m
6. Height of bottom dome – 1.3m

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7. Height of Conical dome – 1.5m
4. Number of columns- 06
5. Base diameter of the tank, m-7.66m

Following are the material properties and strength

parameters are assumed while compiling the Java
software:

1. Grade of Concrete-M20
2. Grade of Steel-Fe415
3. Strength parameters as per IS: 3370

The outputs helped us to analyze the tank design and

perform the study. The following outputs have been Graph 2. Comparative graph for AST
studied:
Ast Manual JAVA Unit
1. Area of steel required at every section
2.Stress and loading on Tank Components Top Dome 288 294 mm2
Top Ring
mm2
Beam 451.8 455.8
Cylindrical
mm2
wall 1080 1100
Middel
mm2
Ring Beam 604.2 6r05.12
Conical
mm2
Dome 1827 1835
Bottom
mm2
Dome 440 445
Bottom
Circular mm2
Girder 5080 5082

Table 2.. Comparative table for Area of steel

Graph 1. Comparative graph for Forces

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International Journal Of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 7, Issue 7, July-2016 1490
ISSN 2229-5518

6. SnehalWankhede, Prof.P.J.Salunke and

4. Conclusion : Prof.N.G.Gore, MGMCET, Navi Mumbai, India,
“Cost
Optimization of Elevated Circular Water storage
 As technology changes every field work of
tank,”IJES Publication, Vol-4, Issue-4, 2015
area requires an automation to get accurate
7. Ranjit Singh, Dr.Abhay Sharma and Dr. Vivek
and efficient work, to minimize the time pe-
Garg, MANIT, Bhopal, India, “Design of Intze
riod at design period .If software or pro-
Tank in Perspective of Revision of IS: 3370,”IJSET
grammes are accurate at design, the life span
Publication,Vol-3,Issue-09,1 September 2014
of structure will be more by neglecting hu-
8. S.A. Raji, “Window Based Computer Programs
man’s errors.
for Analysis and Design of Water Storage Tanks”,
 The program gives all the references in the Journal of
form of compiled results, a provision in Research Information in Civil Engineering, 1(1),
which shows the linked document or opens a 2004.
linked program on a single click. That has 9. Dr. H.K. Sharma, V.P.Singh, Satpal Sharma,”
made it very easy to refer the corresponding Some Aspects of Computer Aided Design of Under-
table of clause in a code which is not possi- ground Water Tanks” in 2nd IASME / WSEAS Inter-
ble in MS Excel. national Conference on GEOLOGY and SEISMOL-
OGY (GES '08), Cambridge, UK, February 23-25,
 Also this program can be enhanced using 2008.pp. 106-112.
more drawings of reinforcements and details 10.V.N.Vazirani and M.M.Ratwani, Concrete
of different components in the water tank. Structures (Khanna Publishers, 9th Edition, 1980)

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The program needs to be incorporated with 11. Michael Halvorson, Microsoft Visual Basic 2010
STAAD.Pro and AutoCAD so that after cal- Step by Step, (Microsoft Press, 2010)
culations, it will print the results and struc- 12. IS: 3370 (2009) (PART I) “Code of Practice for
tural drawings. Concrete Structures for the storage of Liquids”
General Requirements, Bureau of Indian Standards,
New Delhi
13. IS: 3370 (2009) (PART II) “Code of Practice for
5. REFERENCES Concrete Structures for the storage of Liquids”
General Requirements, Bureau of Indian Standards,
1. Prof.R.V.R.K.Prasad and Akshaya B.Kamdi, New Delhi
K.D.K College of Engineering, Nagpur University, 14. IS: 3370 (2009) (PART IV) “Code of Practice
Nagpur,”Effect of revision of IS: 3370 on water sto- for Concrete Structures for the storage of Liquids”
rage tanks”, IJERA Publication Vol.2, Issue 5, General Requirements, Bureau of Indian Standards,
September-October 2012. New Delhi
2. M.K.Sharma, Z.Ahmed, P.Bhardwaj and
S.Choudhary, NIT Silchar, India, “Parametric Study
of an
Intze Type Tank,” Proc. of Int. Conf. on Structural
and Civil Engineering 2012
3. G.P.Deshmukh and Ankush.S.Patekhede, PLIT
Engineering College, Buldana,”analysis of elevated
water storage structure using different staging sys-
tem”, IJRET Publication Vol-4, Issue-4, April 2015.
4. M Bhandari and Karan deep Singh, Dr B R
Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jaland-
har,”
Comparative Study of Design of water Tank with
Reference to IS: 3370”, IJETAE Publication, Vol-4,
Issue-11, November 2014.
5. Aatishkumar, R.K Pandey and C.S.Mishra,
“Wind Effects on overhead tank under difficult soil
parameters, “IJEAT Publication Vol-2, Issue-6, Au-
gust-2013.

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