Mitkadmim A

Part I –Unseen – Reading

Read the following text and answer the questions below.
Please read the questions carefully. 10 Question * 4 points = 40p
The Multiple Intelligence Debate: The Diversity of Human Potential
In the field of psychology and education, the concept of Multiple Intelligences (MI)
has sparked a lively debate about the nature of intelligence and how it should be
measured. Proposed by psychologist Howard Gardner in 1983, the theory of MI
suggests that intelligence is not a single, fixed entity, but rather a diverse set of
abilities that individuals possess to varying degrees. The traditional view of
intelligence, however, has been rooted in the IQ theory (Intelligence Quotient)
which measures intelligence according to one’s verbal and reasoning ability. This
article will explore the multiple intelligence debate, its implications for education
and society, and the diverse perspectives that have emerged.

One of the key aspects of the MI theory is its recognition of the different ways in
which individuals can be intelligent. Gardner originally proposed seven distinct
intelligences: linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic,
interpersonal, and intrapersonal. Each of these intelligences represents a different
way of processing information and interacting with the world. One of the most
famous stories illustrating the concept of multiple intelligences is the case of Kim
Peek, the inspiration behind the character Raymond Babbitt in the movie "Rain
Man." Despite having severe intellectual disabilities, Peek possessed an
extraordinary memory and was able to recall vast amounts of information on a
wide range of topics. His case challenged traditional notions of intelligence and
highlighted the complexity of human cognition.

The debate over MI has also had significant implications for education. Proponents
of the theory argue that traditional education systems often prioritize linguistic
and logical-mathematical intelligences, neglecting other forms of intelligence. This
can lead to a one-size-fits-all approach to education that fails to meet the diverse
needs of students. One of the most famous quotes related to the multiple
intelligence debate comes from Gardner himself, who said, "It is of the utmost
importance that we recognize and nurture all of the varied human intelligences,
and all of the combinations of intelligences." This quote emphasizes the need for
educators to acknowledge and support the diverse talents and abilities of their
students.

Critics of the MI theory argue that it lacks empirical support and that the concept
of distinct intelligences is too broad and vague. They argue that intelligence is a
complex, multifaceted trait that cannot be neatly categorized into separate
domains. Additionally, some critics argue that the theory of MI has been
misinterpreted and misapplied in educational settings, leading to ineffective
teaching practices. Despite these criticisms, the concept of MI has had a lasting
impact on education and has influenced the way educators think about
intelligence and learning. Many educators have embraced the idea of
differentiated instruction, which involves tailoring teaching methods and materials
to accommodate the diverse learning styles and abilities of students.

In conclusion, the MI debate has raised important questions about the nature of
intelligence and how it should be understood and measured. While the concept of
multiple intelligences has its critics, it has also sparked valuable discussions about
the diversity of human potential and the need for more inclusive and flexible
approaches to education. By recognizing and nurturing the varied intelligences of
individuals, we can create a more effective education system that supports the
success of all students.

1. According to the topic sentences the text will be about...

a. an alternative to the standard model for measuring intelligence.

b. the psychologist, Howard Gardner.

c. how to measure intelligence using the IQ model.

d. how verbal and reasoning ability may effect emotional intelligence.

2. When paragraph two states “His case challenged traditional notions of

intelligence,” the word “his” refers to -

a. Kim Peek.

b. Raymond Babbitt.

c. Rain Man.

d. Howard Gardner.

3. The quote from Gardner brought in paragraph three is brought to support -

a. multiple intelligences.

b. the standard IQ model.

c. the need for student diversity.

d. a one-size-fits-all approach to education.

4. Paragraphs 3 and 4 compare -

a. the claims for and against the MI approach.

b. the long-term impact of traditional education.

c. ineffective teaching practices.

d. the critics of both theories.

5. Paragraph three cautions that a single approach to intelligence can cause -

a. a failure to meet the educational needs of many students.

b. the nurturing all of the varied human intelligences.

c. educators to acknowledge the diverse abilities of their students.

d. a public health crisis.

6. According to the conclusion of the text -

a. Even if MI theory is incorrect, it has brought about a positive discussion.

b. MI theory is based on incorrect ideas and should not receive any more
attention.

c. The IQ model is the most accurate model for measuring intelligence.

d. Many educators have gone back to the traditional model.

7. Which of the following questions is NOT answered by the text?

a. When was the IQ test standardized?

b. What are some of the problems with MI theory?

c. Who was the first person to suggest MI theory?

d. Why is the IQ model being called into question?

8. What is the main purpose of the article?

a. Criticizing the theory of multiple intelligences.

b. Exploring the debate around the theory of multiple intelligences.

c. Providing evidence against IQ testing.

d. Explaining the different types of intelligences proposed by Gardner.

9. From which of the following quotes from the text may we infer that the
standard IQ model for intelligence does not account for all intelligences?

a. Despite having severe intellectual disabilities, Peek possessed an extraordinary

memory and was able to recall vast amounts of information on a wide range of
topics.

b. The traditional view of intelligence, however, has been rooted in the IQ theory
which measures intelligence according to one’s verbal and reasoning ability.

c. Critics of the MI theory argue that it lacks empirical support and that the
concept of distinct intelligences is too broad and vague.

d. The debate over MI has also had significant implications for education.

10. Which of the following quotes from the text states the main idea of the text?

a. In the field of psychology and education, the concept of Multiple Intelligences

has sparked a lively debate about the nature of intelligence and how it should be
measured.
b. The traditional view of intelligence, however, has been rooted in the IQ theory
which measures intelligence according to one’s verbal and reasoning ability.

c. One of the most famous stories illustrating the concept of multiple intelligences
is the case of Kim Peek, the inspiration behind the character Raymond Babbitt in
the movie "Rain Man."

d. Critics of the MI theory argue that it lacks empirical support and that the
concept of distinct intelligences is too broad and vague.

Part II –Unseen – Reading

Read the following text and answer the questions below.
Please read the questions carefully 10 Question * 4 points = 40p
Exploring Career Paths: Choices and Challenges
Choosing a career path is one of the most significant decisions we make in our
lives. Each career path offers its own unique set of advantages and
disadvantages, shaping our experiences and influencing our future. One of the
most renowned figures who grappled with career choices is Steve Jobs, co-founder
of Apple Inc. Jobs once said, "Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and
the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work." This
quote highlights the importance of pursuing a career that aligns with your
passions and values.

One common career path is entrepreneurship, where individuals start and run
their own businesses. Entrepreneurship offers the freedom to pursue one's vision
and the potential for financial success. However, it also comes with risks, such as
financial instability and the need to work long hours to establish and grow the
business. One famous example of a successful entrepreneur is Oprah Winfrey,
who overcame adversity to build a media empire. Winfrey once said, "The biggest
adventure you can ever take is to live the life of your dreams." Her journey
exemplifies the rewards that can come from following your passion and taking
risks in your career.

Another career path is the corporate world, where individuals work for large
companies or organizations. Corporate careers offer stability, benefits, and
opportunities for advancement. However, they can also be demanding, with high-
pressure environments and long hours. One individual who navigated the
corporate world with success is Indra Nooyi, former CEO of PepsiCo. Nooyi once
said, "Leadership is hard to define and good leadership even harder. But if you
can get people to follow you to the ends of the earth, you are a great leader." Her
leadership skills and strategic vision propelled her to the top of one of the world's
largest corporations.

A third career path is the nonprofit sector, where individuals work for
organizations focused on social or environmental causes. Nonprofit careers offer
the opportunity to make a positive impact on the world and work for a cause you
believe in. However, they often come with lower salaries and limited resources
compared to the corporate world. One notable figure in the nonprofit sector is
Malala Yousafzai, a Pakistani activist for female education and the youngest Nobel
Prize laureate. Yousafzai once said, "Let us make our future now, and let us make
our dreams tomorrow's reality." Her dedication to advocating for education for all
highlights the power of pursuing a career that aligns with your values and beliefs.

In conclusion, there are many career paths to choose from, each offering its own
set of advantages and disadvantages. Whether you choose to pursue
entrepreneurship, a corporate career, or a nonprofit path, it's important to follow
your passion, stay true to your values, and be open to new opportunities. As you
embark on your career journey, remember the words of Albert Einstein, who said,
"Strive not to be a success, but rather to be of value."

1. According to the topic sentences the text will be about...

a. Deciding what you want to do professionally.

b. Steve Jobs, co-founder of Apple Inc.

c. How to get your first job.

d. The difficult decisions that we are faced with in life.

2. The quote from Steve Jobs is brought in paragraph 1 to ...

a. Support the idea that people should choose to work in an area that they feel
very strongly about.

b. Suggest that more people should choose to be entrepreneurs.

c. Advise more people to grapple with careers.

d. Caution people against making financially unwise decisions.

3. When paragraph 2 states “However, it also comes with risks,” the word “it”
refers to...

a. When someone runs their own business.

b. Financial instability.

c. The need to work long hours.

d. When one grapples with career choices.

4. What do Steve Jobs and Oprah Winfrey have in common, according to

paragraphs 1 and 2?

a. They both started and ran their own business.

b. They agree that people should own their own business.

c. Neither of them achieved long-term financial stability.

d. They each built a media empire.

5. According to Indra Nooyi in paragraph 3, what is the special ingredient that

causes one to be an effective leader?

a. The ability to convince others of your vision.

b. Offering the most benefits.

c. Giving employees many opportunities for advancement.

d. Managing to make it to the top of a very large corporation.

6. According to the conclusion of the text -

a. It is more important not to forget what the real goals are.

b. Nonprofits offer the most meaningful work.

c. There are too many career paths to choose from.

d. We should all strive to be more like Albert Einstein.

7. Which of the following questions is NOT answered by the text?

a. Why did Malala Yousafzai win a Nobel Prize?

b. Which company was co-founded by Steve Jobs?

c. Who said "Strive not to be a success, but rather to be of value"?

d. What are some of the advantages of working for a non-profit organization?

8. What is the main focus of the article?

a. Comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different career paths.

b. Encouraging readers to pursue a career in entrepreneurship.

c. Critiquing the corporate world and advocating for nonprofit careers.

d. Providing advice on how to achieve career success and advancement.

9. Which of the following quotes from the text says that we should try to actualize
our vision for a better world?

a. Let us make our future now and let us make our dreams tomorrow's reality.

b. Leadership is hard to define and good leadership even harder.

c. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life.

d. Choosing a career path is one of the most significant decisions we make in our
lives.

10. Which of the following quotes from the text states the main idea of the text?

a. There are many career paths to choose from, each offering its own set of
advantages and disadvantages.

b. Nonprofit careers offer the opportunity to make a positive impact on the world
and work for a cause you believe in.

c. If you can get people to follow you to the ends of the earth, you are a great
leader.
d. Corporate careers offer stability, benefits, and opportunities for advancement.

Part III –Podcast – Listening

Listen to the podcast and answer the questions below.
Please read the questions carefully - 5 Question * 4 points = 20p

Mitkadmim Unit 1 - Are America’s Communities Disappearing?

1. According to the opening of the podcast, the podcast will be on the topic of -

a. Communities all over the world.

b. Mr. Roger’s community.

c. American communities.

d. Marc Dunkelman’s community.

2. “The Vanishing Neighbor” is...

a. a book.

b. a children’s television show.

c. a famous magic trick.

d. a song from the “Mr. Roger’s Neighborhood” television show.

3. According to Dunkelman, outer circle relationships can be easily found -

a. at home.

b. on the internet.

c. in local communities.

d. when we are open to debate.

4. Another way to refer to “middle circle relationships” is -

a. face-to-face relationships.

b. political division.

c. globalization.

d. women in the workforce.

5. The podcast concludes with a ___________.

a. story.

b. song from a popular television show.

c. different opinion from Brad Birzer.

d. warning.