Table of Contents

1 INTERNATIONAL 1

2 AWARDS AND HONOURS 4

3 CONSTITUTION & POLITICS 8

4 GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENT 13

5 SUMMITS- CONFERENCES 17

6 REGIONAL ANDHRA PRADESH 18

7 REGIONAL TELANGANA 21

8 SUPERLATIVES 27

9 PERSONS IN NEWS 28

10 SPORTS 32

11 IITs 40
41
12 HISTORY-HERITAGE-CULTURE

13 BOOKS & AUTHORS 42

14 DEFENCE-EXERCISES 43

15 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 46

16 ECONOMY 57

17 RANKINGS-INDICES-REPORTS 62

18 NATIONAL 70

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 INTERNATIONAL
WHO Declares Monkeypox a Global Health Emergency
The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the spread of the 'Monkeypox' virus in African countries
as a global health emergency, highlighting the situation as one of international concern. This announcement
comes with a fresh warning and imposes a global public health emergency, requiring 196 member countries,
including India, to adhere to international health regulations. WHO has issued its highest level of risk alert to
its member states. WHO Chief Tedros Adhanom stated, "We are declaring a global health emergency based
on the advice of the Emergency Committee." The infection is characterized by severe muscle pain and fever.

India's Key Agreements with Vietnam

Vietnam's Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh recently signed nine significant agreements with India, aiming
to strengthen their partnership across various sectors. By 2030, both countries plan to enhance their
collaboration in defense, along with cooperation in agriculture, tourism, broadcasting (radio and TV), cyber
and IT security, and military medicine. In a recent gesture, India gifted a missile ship named Kripan to
Vietnam. Additionally, Vietnam has agreed to provide a $30 million loan facility to India for maritime security
purposes.

Reforms Needed in the UN Security Council: India's Call for Change

India has once again emphasized the need for reforms within the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) to
effectively address the numerous challenges the world is currently facing. Central to India's position is the call
for its inclusion as a permanent member of the Council. India also proposed expanding the Security Council
to include African and Asia-Pacific countries as permanent members, a move that was predictably opposed
by China and Pakistan.
During a high-level discussion at the UN Security Council on the maintenance of international peace and
security, Indian representative R. Ravindra delivered a keynote address on behalf of the G4 countries (India,
Brazil, Japan, Germany). He argued for increasing the number of Security Council members from the current
15 to 25 or 26. This expansion would include six new permanent members, specifically two from Africa, two
from the Asia-Pacific region, one from Latin America/Caribbean, and one from Western Europe. Ravindra
also suggested that the newly added permanent members should be granted veto powers.
However, India's proposals were met with resistance. Pakistan's Permanent Representative to the UN, Munir
Akram, argued that while Africa deserves long-term representation, there is no need to increase the number
of permanent members in the Security Council. Similarly, Chinese representative Pu Kang accused certain
countries of pushing for the Council's expansion to advance their own interests.
The debate over UNSC reforms continues to reflect the complex and differing perspectives within the
international community on how best to maintain global peace and security.

Is a Small Island the Cause of Riots in Bangladesh?

Former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina has accused the United States of being behind the recent riots in
Bangladesh, suggesting that the unrest was orchestrated to gain control of the 3 square kilometer island of St.
Martin’s and to remove her from office. This controversy has brought attention to the small but strategically
significant island, which has a history of causing tensions in the region.
About Nine Martins Island: Nine Martins Island, also known locally as Narikel Jinjira or Coconut Island, is a
coral island located in the northeastern part of the Bay of Bengal. It covers an area of approximately 3 square
kilometers and lies 9 kilometers from Cox's Bazar at the southern tip of Bangladesh. The island is home to
around 3,700 residents who primarily depend on fishing, rice cultivation, and coconut plantations for their
livelihood. Additionally, the area is well-known for its seaweed cultivation, which is exported to Myanmar.
Historical Context: The island's history traces back to the 18th century when Arab traders settled there and
named it Jinjira. In 1900, the British annexed the island into their Indian kingdom, and it is believed to have
been named St. Martin after a Christian missionary or, as another story suggests, after the then Deputy
Commissioner of Chittagong. Following the partition of India in 1947, the island became part of East Pakistan,
and later, after Bangladesh's independence, it was recognized as part of Bangladesh.

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In 1974, Myanmar signed a treaty acknowledging Bangladesh's sovereignty over the island. However, the
maritime boundaries around the island remain unresolved, leading to ongoing disputes and tensions between
the two countries.
The recent claims by Sheikh Hasina have brought Nine Martins Island back into the spotlight, raising concerns
over its geopolitical significance and the impact it may have on regional stability.

State of Emergency Declared in 'Kusk' Amid Escalating Tensions

Russia has declared a state of emergency in the Kusk region of southwestern Russia due to the increasingly
dire situation following attacks by Ukrainian forces. In response to the latest tensions, Russia is deploying
additional troops to effectively counter the Ukrainian presence in the area. Reports indicate that hundreds of
soldiers from Kyiv have crossed the border, raising significant concerns over the escalating attacks in Kusk.

Ancient Solar Calendar Discovered in Turkey

In a groundbreaking discovery, archaeologists may have uncovered the world's oldest solar calendar at the
renowned archaeological site of Gobekli Tepe in southern Turkey. This finding, published in the journal Time
and Mind on July 24, offers a fascinating glimpse into the sophisticated astronomical knowledge of our ancient
ancestors.

Bald Eagle Officially Recognized as the National Bird of America

The U.S. Senate has made a significant decision by officially recognizing the 'bald eagle' as the national bird
of America. Although the bald eagle has served as a symbol of authority in the United States for nearly 240
years, it had not previously been granted the formal status of a national bird. After a wait of more than two
centuries, the Senate (the upper house of Congress) has recently approved a bill to officially designate the bald
eagle as the national bird of the United States.

Iraq Introduces Bill to Lower Minimum Marriage Age for Girls to 9

The Iraqi government has introduced a controversial bill in parliament that seeks to lower the minimum age
of marriage for girls from 18 to 9 years old. The proposed legislation also reduces the minimum marriage age
for boys to 15. Sarah Sanbar, a researcher at Human Rights Watch (HRW), voiced strong concerns, stating
that this bill could lead to significant regression in the country's progress and negatively impact the
fundamental rights of its citizens.
Iraq has long faced allegations of widespread child marriages. According to a UNICEF report, 28 percent of
individuals aged 20 to 24 were married before the age of 18, and seven percent were married shortly after
turning 15. Critics fear that the new bill could exacerbate these issues.

19th Century Alcohol Discovered in Sunken Shipwreck

Approximately 100 bottles of alcohol, believed to date back to the 19th century, have been uncovered in the
wreckage of a ship that sank off the southern coast of Sweden. Swedish authorities have issued strict warnings,
stating that no one is allowed to remove the bottles without official permission. Although the shipwreck itself
was first discovered in 2016, it wasn't until July 11 that Polish scuba divers unearthed the valuable liquor. The
discovery was made at a depth of 190 feet in the Baltic Sea, off southern Sweden.

Instability Surrounding India: A Growing Concern

The escalating instability in the neighbouring countries of India is posing significant challenges, both
internally and externally. The crises in Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Afghanistan, Myanmar, Nepal, and most recently,
Bangladesh, are having profound impacts on India's political, economic, and social systems. These turbulent
situations are straining India's foreign policy and causing economic damage, prompting observers to suggest
that India should take on a more prominent role in fostering peace and stability in the subcontinent.
Bangladesh: Over the past fifteen years, Bangladesh has experienced remarkable economic growth, with
many multinational corporations investing heavily due to its abundant water and human resources. The
country recorded a growth rate of 5.8% between 1994 and 2023. However, alongside this progress, rising
fanaticism and anarchy have emerged as significant threats. Extremist forces like Jamaat-e-Islami have

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successfully destabilized the government through democratic means, posing a serious challenge to the nation's
stability.
Sri Lanka: Sri Lanka has been severely impacted by the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. The country
has faced soaring prices of essential goods and high inflation, leading to a sharp decline in GDP and
widespread economic hardship. Public unrest escalated into protests against the government, forcing Prime
Minister Mahinda Rajapaksa to resign and go into hiding at Trincomalee port after failing to navigate the
country out of the financial crisis.
Pakistan: In April two years ago, Pakistan was thrust into political turmoil when Prime Minister Imran Khan
resigned following a no-confidence motion in the National Assembly. Since then, the country has been mired
in deep political and economic instability. The ongoing crises have exacerbated terrorism and rebellion against
the current regime, pushing Pakistan into a near-irreversible state of disorder.
Afghanistan: Afghanistan is facing a severe political and social crisis following the abrupt withdrawal of U.S.
forces in August 2021, which led to the Taliban's resurgence. The Taliban's strict enforcement of Islamic laws
has reversed two decades of progress in education, civil rights, and women's rights, plunging the country into
poverty and depriving millions of adequate food and medical care.
Myanmar: Among India's neighbors, Myanmar remains the most turbulent. The ongoing civil war has
intensified, with the ruling military junta launching attacks against civilians and rebel forces responding with
airstrikes. This violence has driven thousands of citizens to seek refuge in India's Mizoram and Manipur states,
further complicating the region's stability.

Indian Consulate to Open in Auckland: President Murmu

President Draupadi Murmu, amid enthusiastic applause, announced that an Indian Consulate will soon be
established in Auckland. This move aims to strengthen diplomatic relations between India and New Zealand
and provide greater convenience for the Indian diaspora residing in the region. She acknowledged that this
has been a longstanding demand and expressed her delight in making this announcement during her visit.

India Donates for International Center for Traditional Medicine

Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO), Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, expressed
gratitude to India for its commitment to provide $8.5 million over the next ten years to support the International
Center for Traditional Medicine, established in Gujarat. An agreement to this effect was signed, highlighting
the importance of traditional medicine, which is utilized by billions of people worldwide.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid the foundation stone for this international center on April 19, 2022, in
Jamnagar, Gujarat. From 2022 to 2032, India will contribute $8.5 billion in funding, as per the WHO.
Additionally, India will donate a total of $250 million for the construction and operation of the traditional
medical centers. Indian Ambassador to the United Nations, Arindam Bagchi, emphasized that traditional
medicine plays a crucial role in delivering healthcare services globally.

Chin's Meeting with President Draupadi Murmu

Vietnamese Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh met with President Draupadi Murmu at Rashtrapati Bhavan,
where they discussed a range of bilateral issues. Additionally, Chinh held meetings in Delhi with Congress
President Mallikarjuna Kharge and party leader Sonia Gandhi, focusing on strengthening India-Vietnam
relations.

India-New Zealand Sign Bilateral Customs Cooperation Agreement

India and New Zealand have signed a Bilateral Customs Cooperation Arrangement to facilitate easier trade
between the two nations. The agreement was formalized in Wellington on 8 August 2024 during President
Droupadi Murmu's official visit to New Zealand.

India Retains Eighth Position in Global Agriculture Exports in 2023

India held onto its position as the world's eighth-largest exporter of agricultural products in 2023, despite a
decline in exports from $55 billion in 2022 to $51 billion. This stability comes amid a general decrease in
agricultural exports among seven of the top ten exporting nations.

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Domestic Recognition of Architecture Courses at the American University in Dubai
The Central Education Department has officially recognized the Bachelor of Architecture degree from the
American University in Dubai, UAE, as well as the Master of Architecture-2 degree from the Southern
California Institute of Architecture (SCI-Arc) in Los Angeles, USA. A notification has been issued to include
these programs in the list of domestically recognized courses. This recognition has been granted under Section
15(1) of the Architecture Act, 1972.

India & Malaysia elevate ties to comprehensive strategic partnership

India and Malaysia have upgraded their bilateral relations to a comprehensive strategic partnership during
Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim's three-day visit to Delhi. Prime Minister Ibrahim and Indian Prime
Minister Narendra Modi discussed enhancing cooperation in various sectors, including defense, trade, and
investment. Both countries have agreed to take steps to curb the smuggling of workers and professionals from
India to Malaysia through regular appointments and monitoring.
A key outcome of the discussions was the decision to expand bilateral trade in local currencies. Additionally,
Prime Minister Modi emphasized the need for increased collaboration in advanced sectors such as defense,
semiconductors, fintech, artificial intelligence, and quantum computing.

UK Government to Consider Classifying Misogyny as a Terrorist Offense

The British government is preparing to implement stricter measures to combat violence against women and
girls, proposing to treat misogynists in the same way as Islamist and far-right extremists. This initiative comes
in response to a report by the National Police Chiefs Council, which has declared violence against women and
girls a national emergency. As part of these measures, the government is considering categorizing extreme
misogyny as a form of terrorism.

Massive Hanuman Statue Unveiled in Texas

A towering statue of Hanuman, known as Hanuman Murti, has been installed near Houston, Texas. Standing
at 90 feet tall, the statue is expected to become a significant landmark in America's spiritual and cultural
landscape. Visible from miles away, this impressive structure now holds the distinction of being the third-
largest statue in the United States. The only statues surpassing it in height are the Statue of Liberty (151 feet)
and the Pegasus-Dragon statue in Hallandale Beach, Florida (110 feet).

World Water Week 2024: 25-29 August

The Stockholm International Water Institute (SIWI) is organising the next World Water Week on 25-29
August 2024.
World Water Week is the leading conference on global water issues, held every year since 1991.

India and Indonesia Resolve to Boost Anti-Terror Cooperation

India and Indonesia have reaffirmed their commitment to combating terrorism, including addressing the
misuse of new and emerging technologies by terrorists.
During the sixth meeting of the India-Indonesia Joint Working Group on Counter-Terrorism held in Jakarta,
both nations condemned the use of terrorist proxies for cross-border terrorism,particularly in light of Pakistan's
support to terror groups targeting Jammu and Kashmir.

1,000 MW of electricity to India from Nepal

Nepal will export nearly 1,000 MW of electricity to India, External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar said after
meeting his Nepalese counterpart Arzu Rana Deuba in New Delhi on August 19. He went on to describe the
development as a "new milestone".
AWARDS AND HONOURS
President Droupadi Murmu Conferred "Companion of the Order of Fiji" in the Capital Suva
Indian President Droupadi Murmu embarked on a significant two-day state visit to Fiji, marking a milestone
in the diplomatic relations between the two nations. The visit, characterized by ceremonial honors and high-
level meetings, underscored the growing partnership between India and Fiji in various spheres of cooperation.

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Timor-Leste's Highest Civilian Award Bestowed on President Murmu
President of India, Draupadi Murmu, has been honored with Timor-Leste's highest civilian award, the 'Grand
Collar of the Order'. The award was presented by Timor-Leste President Ramos Horta in recognition of her
achievements in public service, education, social welfare, and women's empowerment. During the ceremony,
President Murmu remarked that the award symbolizes the strong and friendly relations between India and
Timor-Leste.
After concluding her visits to Fiji and New Zealand, President Murmu arrived in Dili, where she was warmly
welcomed by President Ramos Horta at the airport. Following a ceremonial salute at the presidential palace,
the two leaders engaged in extensive discussions. On this occasion, President Murmu announced that India
will soon establish a resident mission in Dili. She also met with Timor-Leste Prime Minister Gusmao and
assured the local Indian diaspora that an Indian Embassy will be opened there in the near future.

Govindarajan Padmanabhan Receives First Vigyan Ratna Award

The Government of India has introduced the Vigyan Awards this year to honor individuals who have made
significant contributions to research and innovation in science and technology. Among the recipients,
biochemist Govindarajan Padmanabhan has been awarded the inaugural Vigyan Ratna Award. A total of 33
individuals will receive the Rashtriya Vigyan Puraskars, 18 will be honored with the Vigyan Yuva Puraskars,
and 13 will receive the Vigyan Shri Puraskars. Additionally, the Chandrayaan-3 team will be recognized with
the Vigyan Team Award. The awards will be presented by President Draupadi Murmu on the 23rd of this
month.

Modi Tops List as Most Popular Leader Globally

Prime Minister Narendra Modi has once again been ranked as the most popular leader in the world, according
to a survey conducted by Morning Consult, an American data intelligence company. In the survey, Modi
secured the top position with 69% approval, making him the most favored leader globally. Following Modi,
the President of Mexico, López Obrador, came in second with 63% approval. The list, which included 25
global leaders, placed Japan's Prime Minister Fumio Kishida at the bottom. U.S. President Joe Biden received
a 39% approval rating. Notably, Prime Minister Modi has consistently held the top spot in similar surveys
conducted in the past.
Top Heads of State:
Prime Minister of India - Narendra Modi (69%)
President of Mexico - López Obrador (63%)
President of Argentina - Javier Milei (60%)
President of Switzerland - Viola Amherd (52%)
Prime Minister of Ireland - Simon Harris (47%)
British Prime Minister - Keir Starmer (45%)
Prime Minister of Poland - Donald Tusk (45%)

2024 Filmfare Award Winners

Best Film: Balagam
Best Director: Venu Eldandi (Balagam)
Best Actor: Nani (Dussehra)
Best Actress: Keerthy Suresh (Dussehra)
Best Debut Director: Srikanth Odela (Dussehra), Soureev (Hi Nanna)
Best Film (Critics): Baby
Best Actor (Critics): Naveen Polishetty (Miss Shetty Mr. Polishetty), Prakash Raj (Rangamarthanda)
Best Actress (Critics): Vaishnavi Chaitanya (Baby)
Best Supporting Actor: Ravi Teja (Waltheru Veeraiah), Brahmanandam (Rangamarthanda)
Best Supporting Actress: Rupalakshmi (Balagam)
Best Music Director: Vijay Bulganin (Baby)
Best Lyricist: Ananth Sriram (Baby - "Oh Two Prema Meghalila")
Best Male Singer: Sri Ramachandra (Baby - "Oh Two Prema Meghalila")

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Best Female Singer: Shweta Mohan (Sir - "Masteru Masteru")
Best Choreographer: Prem Rakshit (Dussehra - "Dhoom Dham Dostan")
Best Cinematographer: Sathyan Sooran (Dussehra)
Best Production Design: Kolla Avinash (Dussehra)

Highest Gallantry Awards for Four Bravehearts

On Independence Day, 103 members of the Armed Forces and Central Armed Police Forces were honoured
with gallantry awards. President Draupadi Murmu approved these awards on August 14. The list of recipients
includes four Kirti Chakras, 18 Shaurya Chakras, 63 Sena Medals (Gallantry), 11 Nao Sena Medals, and six
Vayu Sena Medals.
Kirti Chakra Recipients: Four individuals were awarded the Kirti Chakra, India's second-highest peacetime
gallantry award, for their exemplary service:
• Colonel Manpreet Singh of the 19th Battalion, Rashtriya Rifles (posthumously)
• Major Malla Ramagopal Naidu of the 56th Battalion
• Rifleman Ravikumar of the 63rd Battalion (posthumously)
• Humayun Muzammil Bhatt, who served as DCP of Jammu and Kashmir Police (posthumously)
Shaurya Chakra Recipients: The following individuals were awarded the Shaurya Chakra, the third-highest
peacetime gallantry award:
• Colonel Pawan Singh
• Major CVS Nikhil
• Major Ashish Dhonchak (posthumously)
• Major Tripatpreet Singh
• Major Sahil Randhawa
• Subedar Sanjeev Singh Jasrotia
• Naib Subedar P Pabin Singha
• Sepoy Pradeep Singh (posthumously)
• Abdul Latif
• Captain Sharad Sinsuwal of the Navy
• Lt Commander Kapil Yadav
• Wing Commander Vernon Desmond Kane of the Air Force
• Squadron Leader Deepak Kumar
• Pawan Kumar of CRPF (posthumously)
• C Devan (posthumously)
• Lakh Veer
• Rajesh Panchal
• Malkit Singh

Rastriya Vigyan Puraskar

The Government of India has announced the “Rastriya Vigyan Puraskar” in the field of Science, Technology
and Innovation. The National Award recognizes outstanding and inspiring scientific, technological and
innovative contributions of researchers, technologists and innovators.

National Geoscience Awards 2023: Honoring Excellence in Geoscience

About the Award: The National Geoscience Award, one of the most prestigious national awards in geoscience,
was established in 1966 by the Ministry of Mines, Government of India. Previously known as the National
Mineral Awards until 2009, the award recognizes individuals and teams for exceptional achievements in
mineral discovery, exploration, mining technology, mineral beneficiation, and fundamental/applied
geoscience. Any Indian citizen who has made significant contributions in these fields is eligible for the award.
The awards are presented annually in three categories:
National Geoscience Award for Lifetime Achievement
National Geoscience Award

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National Young Geoscientist Award
National Geoscience Awards 2023 Highlights:
Four individuals from the Telugu-speaking states were honored with the "National Geoscience 2023
Awards" by President Draupadi Murmu for their significant contributions in various geoscience fields:
Narasimha Mangadodi (Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Hyderabad) - Recognized
for his work in mineral beneficiation and sustainable mineral development.
Bantu Prashant Kumar Patro (Chief Principal Scientist, CSIR, Hyderabad) - Awarded for his
contributions to geophysics and applied geophysics.
Prof. Shrimat Tirumala Gudimella Raghukanth (IIT Madras) - Honored for his research on natural
calamities such as earthquakes, landslides, floods, and tsunamis.
M.N. Praveen (Director, Geological Survey of India) - Acknowledged for his excellence in mineral
exploration and fossil fuel discovery, representing a four-member team from the Geological Survey of India.
These awards celebrate outstanding contributions to geoscience, recognizing the achievements and dedication
of these distinguished professionals in their respective fields.
70th National Film Awards Highlights
Best National Film: Attam (Malayalam)
Best Actor: Rishabh Shetty for Kantara (Kannada)
Best Actress: Nithya Menon for Thiru Chitrambalam (Tamil) and Manasi Parekh for Kutch Express (Gujarati)
Best Child Actor: Sripath for Mallika Puram (Malayalam)
Best Telugu Movie: Karthikeya 2
Best Popular Film: Kantara (Kannada)
Best Documentary: Murmurs of the Jungle (Marathi)
Best Director: Suraj R. Barjatya for Nachai (Hindi)
Best Lyrics: Naushad Sadarkhan for Fauza
Best Music Director: Pritam (Songs), AR Rahman (Background Score)
Best Singers: Bombay Jayashree and Arijit Singh for "Kesaria"
Best Choreography: Johnny Master and Satish Krishnan

RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das Named Best Central Banker in the World
Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Governor Shaktikanta Das has been recognized as the best central banker in the
world for the second consecutive year. This recognition comes from Global Finance Magazine, which recently
released its annual rankings of central bank governors worldwide. Shaktikanta Das topped the list again,
solidifying his reputation as a leading figure in global financial governance.

Dr. Raghuram Awarded Prestigious ISS Fellowship

Dr. Pillarishetti Raghuram, a renowned surgeon from Telangana, has been honored with the International
Surgical Federation (ISS) Fellowship at the 50th Golden Jubilee celebrations of the 'World Congress of
Surgery' in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. On receiving the award, Dr. Raghuram expressed his commitment to
advancing breast surgery procedures and dedicated the honor to his mother and motherland. He works at
KIM's in Hyderabad and is notable for being the only Indian recipient and the youngest to receive this
fellowship in the Indian subcontinent.

Uttam Singh and KS Chitra Honored with National Lata Mangeshkar Award
Renowned musician Uttam Singh and singer KS Chitra have been chosen for the National Lata Mangeshkar
Award for the years 2022 and 2023, respectively. An official announced on August 20 that the Madhya
Pradesh government will present these awards at a program organized to celebrate Mangeshkar Jayanti on
September 28. This annual award, presented by the Cultural Department of the Madhya Pradesh State
Government, honors exceptional contributions to Indian music on Lata Mangeshkar's birthday each year.

Catalina Marsano Crowned Miss International Queen 2024

On August 24, the 'Miss International Queen 2024' beauty pageant for transgender women was held in Pattaya,
Thailand. Catalina Marsano from Peru emerged as the winner, earning the prestigious title and recognition in

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the international event celebrating beauty, diversity, and inclusion.
CONSTITUTION & POLITICS
Historic Supreme Court Verdict on SC and ST Reservations
On August 1, the Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court delivered a landmark judgment, upholding the
classification of Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST) as constitutionally valid. This crucial
verdict was handed down by a seven-judge bench, consisting of Chief Justice DY Chandrachud and Justices
BR Gavai, Vikram Nath, Bela M Trivedi, Pankaj Mithal, Manoj Misra, and Satish Chandra Sharma.
The court overruled the 2005 judgment in the case of EV Chinnaiah vs. Andhra Pradesh Government, which
had previously stated that classification within the SC and ST categories was against Article 341 of the
Constitution. The recent verdict, however, affirmed the authority of state governments to sub-categorize
reservations for SCs and STs in educational institutions and government jobs. This decision overturned the
earlier ruling of a five-judge bench, leading to a 6-1 split in the final judgment, with Justice Bela Trivedi
dissenting. Justice Trivedi held that sub-classification within the SC and ST categories is not permissible.
Background of the Case:
In 2010, the Punjab and Haryana High Court struck down a provision by the Punjab government that reserved
50% of the SC quota for Valmikis and Majhabi Sikhs. This led to petitions being filed in the Supreme Court
against the High Court's judgment. The Supreme Court had previously ruled in the 2004 EV Chinnaiah vs.
Andhra Pradesh case that classifications within the SC category violated Article 14 of the Constitution.
Following this precedent, the High Court overturned the Punjab government's decision. In response, the
Punjab government appealed to the Supreme Court in 2011.
In 2020, a five-judge bench of the Supreme Court overruled the 2004 judgment and referred the matter to a
seven-judge Constitution Bench, acknowledging the need to reconsider the earlier decision.
February 2024 Proceedings:
In February 2024, the Constitutional Bench, led by the Chief Justice of India, heard 23 petitions related to the
issue of whether states have the power to classify SC and ST categories. Among these petitions was one filed
by Mandakrishna Madiga, President of the Madiga Reservation Struggle Samiti. After three days of hearings,
the bench reserved its judgment on February 8. Five months later, the historic verdict was announced.
Central Government's Arguments:
During the hearings, the Central Government argued that social justice can only be achieved through the
classification of SC, ST, and OBC categories. This, they claimed, would allow governments to formulate
targeted schemes that provide equal opportunities to all. The Center emphasized that rationalizing quotas is
essential to fulfilling the original objective of reservations, ensuring that the benefits reach the most
marginalized sections of the backward classes. The government argued that the classification would help
achieve the constitutional goal of equality and equal opportunities for backward classes and castes by
extending the benefits of reservations to those most in need.

2.16 Lakh People Renounced Indian Citizenship in 2023

A significant number of people have given up their Indian citizenship to settle abroad. In 2023 alone, 2,16,219
individuals renounced their Indian citizenship, according to Minister of State for External Affairs, Keerthi
Vardhan Singh.
Here are the figures for the past few years:
2020: 85,256 people
2021: 1,63,370 people
2022: 2,25,620 people
2023: 2,16,219 people

NCW Chief Rekha Sharma's Tenure has ended

Rekha Sharma's tenure as the Chairperson of the National Commission for Women (NCW) concluded on
August 7, marking the end of her service in this role. She resigned from her position after serving as NCW
Chairperson since August 7, 2018, completing a 7-year tenure. Rekha Sharma expressed pride in having served
as the Chairperson for three terms and announced that she is stepping down after a long and dedicated service
to the Commission.

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Supreme Court: Denying Bail Can Violate Fundamental Rights
The Supreme Court has underscored that the principle of bail should apply universally, including for crimes
under special statutes concerning illegal activities. Justices Abhay S. Oka and Augustine George Masih
emphasized that unjustly denying bail, even in cases where it is warranted, constitutes a violation of
fundamental rights. They clarified that, despite the gravity of the allegations by the prosecution, it is incumbent
upon the courts to adjudicate bail applications in accordance with the law.
The bench further stated that the denial of bail should not be the norm but an exception, reinforcing that this
principle holds even under special laws. They expressed concern that a routine refusal of bail would infringe
upon the fundamental rights protected under Article 21 of the Constitution.

'Lapata Ladies' Screened at Supreme Court Auditorium

In a rare and special event, the Supreme Court of India hosted the screening of the movie Lapata Ladies on
August 9 as part of the 75th-anniversary celebrations of the apex court. The screening took place in the
auditorium located in the C-Block of the administrative building. Chief Justice of India, Justice D.Y.
Chandrachud, along with other judges, their family members, and registry officials, attended the event.
The screening was also graced by renowned actor Aamir Khan, one of the producers of the film, and director
Kiran Rao. Lapata Ladies, a 2001 film, tells the story of two newlyweds from a rural area who encounter a
misfortune while traveling by train.

States hold the Power to Tax Minerals: Supreme Court Ruling

The Supreme Court has ruled that the authority to levy taxes on minerals resides with state legislatures, not
with the Parliament. The Court also clarified that royalties paid to states do not constitute a tax. This significant
verdict was delivered by a nine-member Constitution bench headed by Chief Justice of India, DY
Chandrachud.

Bengal Assembly Passes Resolution for Review of New Penal Codes

The West Bengal Assembly has passed a resolution calling for a review of the new criminal laws recently
introduced by the central government. The resolution faced opposition from BJP members in the Assembly.

Bombay High Court: Sperm and Egg Donors Have No Rights Over the Child
The Bombay High Court has ruled that sperm and egg donors do not possess legal rights over a child born
through their donation. The court clarified that donors cannot be considered the biological parents of the child.
This decision came during the hearing of a case where a woman sought permission to visit her twin daughters,
who were born via surrogacy and were living with her husband and sister. The petitioner informed the court
that her brother had donated the eggs, but her husband argued that she had legal rights to the children. The
court rejected the husband's claim, reaffirming that donors do not hold parental rights over the children born
from their donated genetic material.

Amendment Bill Proposes Key Changes to the Waqf Act

The Union Cabinet has recently approved an amendment bill proposing around 40 changes to the Waqf Act,
aimed at increasing transparency and restricting the Waqf Boards' vast powers over land and property. One of
the significant amendments includes mandatory inspections of Waqf lands and assets. Additionally, the bill
proposes amendments to Sections 9 and 14 of the Waqf Act to ensure mandatory inclusion of women in Waqf
Boards.
While some Muslim communities oppose these amendments, fearing interference with the autonomy of the
Waqf Board and religious freedom, others, including Muslim intellectuals, women, Shias, and Bohra Muslims,
have long advocated for changes in the law to ensure broader representation in Waqf Boards.
Functions of the Waqf Board:
The Waqf Board has the legal authority to acquire, hold, and transfer property.
The current Act establishes a Waqf Board for each state, headed by a chairperson and including members such
as state government nominees, Muslim MLAs, MPs, Muslim members of the state bar council, recognized
Islamic theologians, and mutawalis (custodians) of waqfs.

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The Waqf Board manages properties, restores lost properties, and has the authority to transfer immovable
waqf properties by sale, gift, mortgage, or lease for the benefit of the Muslim community.
Waqf Properties in India:
As of 2009, the Waqf Board had 300,000 registered properties covering 4 lakh acres. Currently, the Waqf
Boards manage about 8,72,321 immovable properties and 16,713 chattels spread over 9,40,000 acres, valued
at an estimated Rs 1.2 lakh crore.
These properties are managed by various State Waqf Boards and are recorded in the "Waqf Assets
Management System of India (WAMSI) Portal."
The Waqf Board is the third-largest landowner in India after the Armed Forces and the Indian Railways. Uttar
Pradesh has the largest number of waqf properties, with the Sunni board managing 2,10,239 properties and
the Shia board managing 15,386 properties.
Each year, thousands of people donate properties to the Board in the form of waqf.
In 2014, the Congress government transferred 123 prime properties in Delhi to the Delhi Waqf Board when
former Prime Minister Manmohan Singh launched the "National Waqf Development Corporation Limited."
What is 'Waqf'?
Waqf refers to properties dedicated exclusively for religious or charitable purposes under Islamic law. It is a
religious arrangement in Islam where the ownership of donated property is considered to have been transferred
to Allah.
The Waqf Board manages these properties in every state.
Waqf Board Act of 1954:
The Waqf Act was passed in 1954 and amended in 1995 to grant unlimited powers to the Waqf Board. A
further amendment in 2013 gave Waqf Boards unlimited rights to acquire any property in the name of Muslim
charity, with such decisions being immune to challenge in any court.
Neither central nor state governments nor courts can interfere in the Waqf Board's affairs, according to the
Waqf Act of 1995. Each state and union territory has a Waqf Board responsible for managing Waqf properties
and overseeing the religious, social, and financial affairs of Muslims.
The Waqf Boards manage mosques, dargahs, cemeteries, schools, colleges, hospitals, dispensaries, and
musafirkhanas for social welfare. There are currently 30 Waqf Boards in India, with the head office located
in Delhi.

BJP MP Jagdambika Pal Appointed as Chief of JPC

The Joint Committee of Parliament (JPC) has finalized the Waqf (Amendment) Bill-2024, introduced by the
Central Government. Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla has appointed BJP leader Jagdambika Pal as the
chairperson of this committee. The Waqf Amendment Bill-2024 was discussed during the recent Parliament
sessions, and in response to demands from opposition leaders, the government agreed to form the JPC.
Subsequently, a 31-member joint parliamentary committee was established to study the bill in detail.
Jagdambika Pal will serve as the chairman of this committee. According to a notification from the Lok Sabha
Secretariat, the committee consists of 21 members from the Lok Sabha and 10 members from the Rajya Sabha.

Central Government Releases Haj Policy 2025

The Union Ministry of Minorities has unveiled the Haj Policy for 2025, introducing several key changes:
Quota Allocation: Under the new policy, 70 percent of the total quota of Haj pilgrims allotted to India will
be managed by the Haj Committee of India. The remaining 30 percent will be allocated to private Haj group
organizers. This marks a shift from the previous Haj Policy of 2023, where the quota distribution was 80
percent for the Haj Committee and 20 percent for private organizers.
Haj Servants' Redesignation: The policy has also redefined the role of Haj servants, who will now be
referred to as State Haj Inspectors. This change was made in response to complaints that Haj pilgrims often
misunderstood the role of Haj Sevaks, mistaking them for personal servants due to their designation. The new
title aims to enhance their status and ensure they are treated with respect.
Pilgrim Responsibilities: All Haj pilgrims are now expected to handle their personal chores independently.
They have been informed that failure to do so could result in complaints to the government.

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App Launch for Criminal Laws
Union Home Minister Amit Shah has launched four new apps—e-Sakshyam, e-Saman, Nyaya Sethu, and
Nyaya Shruti—in Chandigarh, designed to support the implementation of three new criminal laws (BNS,
BNSS, BSA). These apps aim to streamline and digitize various aspects of the criminal justice system:
e-Sakshyam: This app stores videography, photography, and other evidence securely on the e-evidence
server, ensuring that all forms of evidence are preserved digitally.
e-Saman: Through this app, e-summons are sent directly from the court to the relevant police station, ensuring
that summonses reach the intended recipients efficiently.
Nyaya Sethu: This dashboard connects various entities involved in the criminal justice process, including
police, medical services, forensics, prosecution, and jails, creating a cohesive and integrated system.
Nyaya Shruti: This app enables courts to examine witnesses through video conferencing, enhancing the
efficiency and flexibility of the legal process.

Lok Sabha Approves Indian Air Force Bill

The Lok Sabha has passed the Bharatiya Vayuyan Vidheyak Bill-2024, which seeks to modernize and
streamline practices in the civil aviation sector. This bill, introduced by Union Minister Rammohan Naidu on
July 31, aims to repeal the outdated Aircraft Act, which has been in place for 90 years.
Key highlights of the bill include:
Enhanced Complaint Mechanism: The bill introduces an improved online system for citizens to lodge
complaints related to airfare hikes and other aviation-related issues, ensuring better transparency and
accountability.
Fair Opportunities: The primary objective of the bill is to ensure fair opportunities for both airlines and
passengers, particularly concerning airfare regulations.
Boost to Domestic Industry: The bill includes significant provisions to promote the design and
manufacturing sectors within India, aligning with the "Atma Nirbhar Bharat" initiative. It is expected to
provide a substantial boost to the domestic helicopter industry, which currently has 250 helicopters in service.
Language of the Bill: While most of the bill is written in English, certain sections are presented in Hindi.
The Lok Sabha approved the bill by voice vote, marking a significant step towards enhancing the civil aviation
framework in India and fostering domestic growth in the sector.

Lok Sabha Approves Finance Bill 2024

The Lok Sabha has passed the Finance Bill-2024, which will now move to the Rajya Sabha for discussion.
However, the Upper House does not have the power to reject the bill; if the Rajya Sabha does not approve it
within 14 days, the bill will be deemed approved.
The Finance Bill was passed after the government made amendments to the newly introduced 'Capital Gains
Tax on Immovable Property.' Taxpayers are now given the option to choose between the new tax regime,
which offers a lower rate, or the old system, which has a higher rate but includes the benefit of indexation.
The government has reinstated the benefit of indexation for the sale of properties purchased before July 23,
2023, under the latest amendments.
Additionally, the Lok Sabha has approved the Expenditure Bill (No. 2)-2024 and the Jammu and Kashmir
Expenditure Bill (No. 3)-2024, both of which were introduced in the Rajya Sabha by Finance Minister Nirmala
Sitharaman.
The Center has also clarified that there is no proposal to extend the deadline for Central Government
employees to switch from the National Pension System (NPS) to the old pension scheme.

Supreme Court Clarifies Lieutenant Governor's Authority in MCD Appointments

The Supreme Court has ruled that the Lieutenant Governor (LG) has the legal authority to appoint city officials
to the Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD) through the nominating post, without being bound by the
recommendation of the Council of Ministers. This ruling came in response to a challenge by the Delhi
government against the LG's nomination of 10 individuals to the MCD without the Council of Ministers'
recommendation.
The case, presided over by Chief Justice DY Chandrachud, Justice PS Narasimha, and Justice JB Pardiwala,

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was reserved for judgment 15 months ago. The bench clarified that under the Delhi Municipal Corporation
Act, amended in 1993, the LG has the power to appoint individuals with specialized knowledge in municipal
affairs. Justice Narasimha, delivering the judgment on behalf of the bench, stated that the LG's actions are
governed by the law and do not fall under the executive authority of the state government.
This ruling followed a controversy after the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) won the MCD elections in December
2022, securing 134 out of 250 wards. The controversy arose when the presiding officer administered the oath
to 10 persons appointed by LG VK Saxena, which the Delhi government challenged.

PM Marks 5 Years of Abrogation of Articles 370 and 35(A)

On the fifth anniversary of the abrogation of Articles 370 and 35(A), Prime Minister Narendra Modi
highlighted the decision as a pivotal moment in Indian history, marking the beginning of a new era of progress
and prosperity for Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) and Ladakh. He emphasized that the abrogation ensured the
full implementation of the Indian Constitution in these regions, aiming to enhance security, dignity, and
development opportunities for marginalized communities while reducing corruption.

First Constitution Museum

O.P. Jindal Global University (JGU) is set to launch India's first Constitution Museum, marking the 75th
anniversary of the adoption of the Constitution of India. The museum, named "The Constitution Academy and
The Rights & Freedoms Museum," will be inaugurated on November 26, 2024, at the JGU campus.

Six New Parliamentary Committees

The Lok Sabha speaker on August 17, named the constituents of the six new Parliamentary Committees
including the Public Accounts Committee (PAC) which examines government expenditure. Ganesh Singh,
BJP MP from Satna, Madhya Pradesh has been appointed as the chairperson of the Committee on Welfare of
other Backward Classes.

Kodandaram and Aamir Ali Khan Sworn in as MLCs

Kodandaram and Aamir Ali Khan have taken oath as Members of the Legislative Council (MLCs). The oath
was administered by Council Chairman Gutta Sukhender Reddy. Both have been appointed as MLCs under
the Governor's quota.

Assembly Elections: Schedule Released by Election Commission

The Central Election Commission announced the schedule for the upcoming assembly elections in Haryana
and Jammu and Kashmir on August 16. Chief Election Commissioner Rajeev Kumar provided details about
the elections:
For the first time since the repeal of Article 370 in 2019, assembly elections will be held in Jammu and
Kashmir, now a Union Territory. Polling for its 90 assembly seats will take place in three phases on September
18, 25, and October 1.
In Haryana, elections for all 90 assembly seats will be conducted in a single phase on October 1. The counting
of votes for both states will occur on October 4.

Supreme Court Takes Suo Moto Cognizance of Kolkata Medical Student Murder Case
The Supreme Court has taken suo moto cognizance of the murder of a Kolkata medical student, a case that
has drawn nationwide attention. A bench led by Chief Justice of India, Justice DY Chandrachud, has accepted
the case for investigation, marking a significant development in the pursuit of justice for the victim.

Himachal Pradesh Raises Minimum Marriage Age for Women to 21 Years

The Himachal Pradesh Assembly has passed a bill raising the minimum marriageable age for women from 18
to 21 years. Under the new Child Marriage (Himachal Pradesh) Prohibition Amendment Act-2024, it is now
a crime to marry women below the age of 21. This amendment replaces the earlier Child Marriage Prohibition
Act of 2006, which set the minimum age at 18 for women and 21 for men.

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Calcutta High Court Upholds Right to Peaceful Protest
The Calcutta High Court has affirmed the right to peaceful protest as a fundamental right of every citizen,
referencing multiple past Supreme Court judgments. This ruling came in response to a civil society march
protesting the rape and murder of a female doctor in West Bengal. The High Court dismissed a petition seeking
to ban the protest at the state secretariat, stating that peaceful assembly is a protected right under the
Constitution of India.

Key Constitutional Provisions supporting this right include:

Article 19(1)(a): Guarantees freedom of speech and expression.
Article 19(1)(b): Ensures the right to peacefully assemble without arms.

Australia Enacts 'Right to Disconnect' Law

Australia has passed the 'Right to Disconnect Act,' allowing employees to ignore work-related
communications outside of working hours, protecting their personal time. Similar laws already exist in France,
Germany, and other European countries. The new law, effective since February, includes exemptions based
on employee status and reasons given by employers, which has raised concerns about enforcement. The law
aims to address gaps in the 'Fair Work Act' and improve labor rights in Australia.

Assam Makes Registration of Muslim Marriages and Divorces Mandatory

The Assam government has mandated the registration of Muslim marriages and divorces through a bill passed
by the Assam Legislative Assembly on August 29. Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma clarified that while
marriages performed by Qazis in the past remain valid, all future marriages must be registered with the
government following the new law's implementation. This decision aims to formalize the process and ensure
legal recognition of such unions.

Supreme Court on SC and ST Harassment Act: Caste-Based Context Essential

The Supreme Court clarified that the SC and ST Harassment (Prevention) Act applies only when harassment
is based on the victim's caste, not merely because the victims are from SC or ST communities. Granting
anticipatory bail to YouTuber Shajan Skaria, who was charged under the Act, the Court stated that the law
requires proof of caste-based intent. It emphasized that without clear evidence of caste-based insult or
harassment, anticipatory bail cannot be denied.

Supreme Court: No Personal Opinions in Judgments

The Supreme Court has struck down the Calcutta High Court's 2023 comments suggesting that adolescent
girls should control their sexual urges. While the High Court had acquitted the accused in a sexual assault
case, the Supreme Court commuted the sentence and emphasized that judges should refrain from including
personal opinions in their judgments. The Court also stated that an expert committee would determine the
appropriate punishment for the accused.

Delhi High Court Urges Center to Act on Forced Unnatural Sex Laws in BNS
The Delhi High Court has asked the central government to address a petition challenging the lack of a
provision in the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) to criminalize forced unnatural sex, following the
replacement of the Indian Penal Code (IPC). The court directed the Center to resolve the issue within six
months, noting that if no action is taken, the petitioner may return to court. The petition highlights that, unlike
the repealed Section 377 of the IPC, the new BNS does not currently provide legal recourse for male victims
of forced unnatural sex.
GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENT
India Expands it's Ramsar Wetland Network
* Union Environment Minister Shri Bhupender Yadav says India adds 3 more wetlands to the list of Ramsar
sites on the eve of Independence Day 2024
* With this addition, the tally of Ramsar sites touches to 85 covering an area of 1358068 ha in the country.

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* Three new sites included are Nanjarayan Bird Sanctuary and Kazhuveli Bird Sanctuary in Tamil Nadu and
Tawa Reservoir in Madhya Pradesh.
The country has added 59 new wetlands to the list of Ramsar sites during 2014-2024
* These new designated sites are a testament to the significant policy push from the Ministry for wetlands
conservation and management in the country.

Ypthima cantliei
Recently, a four-ringed butterfly was rediscovered in the Namdapha National Park after 61 years.
About Four-ringed butterfly:
* The great four-ring (Ypthima cantliei), a species of Satyrinae butterfly.
* It was photographed during a survey to document the butterfly diversity in the Miao range of the Namdapha
National Park during 2018-19.
* It was identified based on general morphological patterns and habitat.
* It was last reported in 1957 from (eastern) Assam's Margherita.

New Fish Species Discovered in Meghalaya

Scientists have identified a new species of fish named Schistura sonarengensis in Meghalaya. This newly
discovered species was found in the Sonarenga, Nakama, and Chiabol caves in the South Garo Hills district.
The fish belongs to the Loach family, a group known for their elongated bodies and bottom-dwelling habits.

Six New Gecko Species Discovered in Northeast India

Scientists have recently identified six new species of geckos, small lizard-like creatures, in Northeast India.
Two of these species were found in Arunachal Pradesh, another two in Nagaland, and one each in Manipur
and Mizoram. The discoveries were made by researchers from the Wildlife Institute of India (WII) in
Dehradun, the Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, and the Natural History Museum
of London. These new species were discovered in tiger reserves, wildlife sanctuaries, and reserve forests
across these states. The findings have been published in the journal Worthy Bret Zoology.

Neela Kurinji
The Neelakurinji (Strobilanthes kunthiana), a remarkable flowering shrub native to the montane grasslands of
southwest India, has recently been added to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red
List of Threatened Species. This iconic plant, known for its mass blooming once every 12 years, has been
classified as Vulnerable according to the IUCN criteria.

Warming Ocean Waters Threaten Coral Islands

A recent study has revealed that the waters of the Great Barrier Reef, located off the northeast coast of
Australia, have warmed to their highest levels in the past 400 years. This alarming trend has raised concerns
among the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, particularly about its detrimental effects on the coral
islands over the past decade.
Coral islands, known for their vibrant marine life and incredible biodiversity, are facing a severe threat due to
rising sea temperatures. These islands host colorful algae that not only provide food for aquatic life but also
give the seawater its beautiful hues. However, as sea temperatures rise, the coral islands and reefs are
becoming colorless and white, a phenomenon known as coral bleaching. Researchers from the University of
Melbourne have reported that nearly two-thirds of the coral reefs have become sterile, leading to the
disappearance of various aquatic species.
The study involved examining sea surface temperatures from the years 1618 to 1995 and from 1900 to 2024.
The researchers found that from 1960 to 2024, sea temperatures have been gradually increasing, particularly
between January and March each year, with a significant rise observed in the last decade. This trend poses a
serious threat to the survival of coral reefs and the diverse ecosystems they support.

The Continents Are Not Seven, But Six

Most of us were taught that there are seven continents on Earth: Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe,

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North America, and South America. However, a new study challenges this long-held belief, suggesting that
there are actually only six continents. Researchers from the University of Derby have concluded that North
America and Europe are not fully separated as distinct continents. Instead, they are still in the process of
becoming separate continents. This revelation suggests that our traditional understanding of the world's
continents may need to be reconsidered based on ongoing geological changes.

Distressed Groundwater in North India: NGRI Study Reveals

Groundwater levels in North India are rapidly depleting, according to a study conducted by several research
institutes, including the National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI). The study found that a decrease in
annual rainfall by 1.5 cm is significantly impacting underground water reserves. Additionally, excessive
groundwater extraction for agricultural purposes has been identified as a major contributing factor to this
decline.
The researchers analyzed satellite data and information from hydrological models spanning from 1951 to 2021
to assess the situation. The study revealed that between 2002 and 2021, approximately 450 cubic kilometers
of groundwater has been lost in North India, highlighting the urgent need for sustainable water management
practices in the region.

Supreme Court Concerned Over Plastic Waste on Riverbanks

The Supreme Court has raised concerns about the environmental and ecological impact of plastic waste being
dumped on riverbanks. A bench comprising Justice Rishikesh Roy and Justice SVN Bhatt emphasized that
this practice severely harms the environment and aquatic life. The issue was highlighted during a hearing of a
plea filed by Ashok Kumar Sinha, challenging the NGT's dismissal of a petition against illegal constructions
in environmentally sensitive areas. The court stressed that without coordinated efforts from authorities and
public cooperation, the goals of removing illegal constructions and improving the water quality of the Ganges
and other rivers would be unattainable. The court directed Additional Solicitor General Aishwarya Bhati to
submit an affidavit on the matter within four weeks.

Mumbai to Lose 10% of Land by 2040, Study Warns

A study by the Bangalore-based Center for Study Science, Technology and Policy (CSTEP) predicts that
Mumbai will lose over 10% of its land by 2040 due to rising sea levels caused by climate change. Goa's capital,
Panaji, faces a similar fate, with a 10% loss of territory. Other cities like Cochin, Mangalore, Visakhapatnam,
Udupi, and Puri are also at risk, potentially losing up to 5% of their land. The study assessed sea level rise in
several coastal cities between 1987 and 2021, including Chennai, Thiruvananthapuram, Kozhikode, Haldia,
Kanyakumari, Paradip, Thoothukudi, and Yanam.

Major Disasters Predicted After 2050 Due to Climate Change

Scientists are warning of potential major disasters after 2050 due to climate change. Researchers from the
Technical University of Munich and the Potsdam Climate Impact Research Institute have highlighted the
potential collapse of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) system, which could severely
impact ecosystems and human societies.

Center Mandates Date and Time Stamps on Calamity Broadcasts

The central government has instructed private TV news channels to include date and time stamps on broadcasts
covering natural calamities and major accidents. This directive, issued by the Union Ministry of Information
and Broadcasting, aims to prevent confusion and panic that may arise when channels repeatedly show footage
from the initial days of such events.
By adhering to this guideline, viewers can clearly understand the actual date of the footage being aired. This
measure comes in response to recent incidents like the landslides in Kerala and Himachal Pradesh, which
caused significant loss of life and were extensively covered by TV channels.

Iceland's Reykjavík Volcano Erupts for the Sixth Time

A volcano on the island of Reykjavík in southern Iceland has erupted once again, marking its sixth eruption

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since December last year. This volcano, which had remained dormant for nearly 800 years, became active
again last year, and lava flow has continued intermittently since then.

Shiveluch volcano
Russia's Shiveluch volcano has erupted following a 7.0 magnitude earthquake that struck off the eastern coast
of the country,according to state-run media outlet TASS, reported CNN. "According to visual evaluations, the
ash column is rising as high as 8 kilometers (5 miles) above the sea level," TASS reported, adding the volcano
had released a gush of lava.

Typhoon 'Asna' Forms in the Arabian Sea

The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) has reported that a severe low-pressure area in the Arabian Sea
has developed into Cyclone 'Asna,' affecting the Kutch coast of India and neighboring areas of Pakistan. The
low pressure has caused heavy rains across parts of Gujarat, leading to flooding in some areas. This is the first
instance of a typhoon forming in the Arabian Sea in August since 1976.

Typhoon Shanshan in Kyushu Island, Japan

Typhoon Shanshan made landfall on Japan's southwestern main island of Kyushu on Aug. 29, with heavy rain
and strong winds injuring at least 40 people in three prefectures, the weather agency said. The Japan
Meteorological Agency urged residents in affected areas to be alert for natural disasters, but public transport
operators canceled trains and flights, and some homes were left without power as the storm advanced.

NDMA Identifies and Monitors High-Risk Glaciers

The National Disaster Management Agency (NDMA) has identified 189 high-risk glaciers in response to
frequent flooding of Himalayan rivers caused by glacial activity. The NDMA has proposed and finalized
measures to mitigate risks associated with these glaciers.
As part of these measures, expert teams will be established to investigate the lakes formed by the glaciers,
implement lake mitigation strategies to prevent overflow, and take steps to minimize potential damage to
downstream areas.

Vehicular Pollution Causes First Snow Melt on Mount Om

Mount Om, a popular tourist spot in Uttarakhand, recently experienced a complete snow melt, surprising
visitors. Experts attribute this to reduced rainfall, minimal snowfall, increased vehicular pollution, and global
warming in the upper Himalayas over the past five years. The mountain, located at an altitude of 14,000 feet
in the Vyas Valley, naturally forms snow in the shape of the Hindi word "Om," which gives the mountain its
name. However, a brief snowfall occurred. Experts also noted a tenfold increase in tourists following the Prime
Minister's visit to Joling Kong in the Himalayas last October, further contributing to environmental stress on
the mountain.

Union Minister C.R. Paatil Launches 'FloodWatch India' Mobile App Version 2.0
Union Minister C.R. Paatil, Ministry of Jal Shakti (MoJS) has launched the Version 2.0 of the 'FloodWatch
India' Mobile Application (App), developed by the Central Water Commission (CWC) in New Delhi (Delhi),
aiming to improve real-time flood monitoring and forecasting across India.
i.The upgraded version includes data from 592 monitoring stations, increased from the 200 stations in the first
version.
ii.It gives real-time data on the storage positions of 150 major reservoirs, providing insights into potential
flood scenarios in downstream areas.
iii. The app uses modern technology like satellite analysis, mathematical modelling, and real-time monitoring
to deliver accurate flood forecasts.
iv. It also presents all the information in 2 languages: English and Hindi, which is available in readable and
audio broadcast format.

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 SUMMITS- CONFERENCES
PM Inaugurates The 32nd International Conference of Agricultural Economists
The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi inaugurated the 32nd International Conference of Agricultural
Economists (ICAE) at National Agricultural Science Centre (NASC) Complex, New Delhi on August 3.
Around 1,000 delegates from around 75 countries took part in the conference.

Jakarta Hosts 5th AITIGA Joint Committee Meeting

The 5th ATIGA Joint Committee meeting, marking a significant milestone in ASEAN-India economic
cooperation, took place in Jakarta from July 29 to August 1, 2024. The discussions aimed at reviewing and
enhancing the ASEAN-India Trade in Goods Agreement (AITIGA) were co-chaired by Shri Rajesh Agrawal,
Additional Secretary, Department of Commerce, India, and Ms. Mastura Ahmad Mustafa, Deputy Secretary
General (Trade), Ministry of Investment, Trade & Industry, Malaysia. Delegates from all 10 ASEAN countries
and India participated in the meeting.

New Delhi Hosts Landmark Event for Yuga Yugeen Bharat Museum
The GLAM (Galleries, Libraries, Archives and Museums) Division of the Union Ministry of Culture has
orchestrated a significant three-day event in New Delhi from August 1-3, 2024. The 'State Museum Conclave
on the upcoming Yuga Yugeen Bharat Museum' marks a pivotal moment in India's cultural landscape,
bringing together key stakeholders to discuss the ambitious project of creating the world's largest museum in
the heart of the nation's capital.

Rashtriya Hindi Vigyan Sammelan 2024: Promoting Scientific Research in Hindi

The Rashtriya Hindi Vigyan Sammelan 2024, held on July 30-31, continued its tradition as a prominent
conference aimed at promoting scientific research in Hindi.
Organized by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Advanced Materials and Processes Research
Institute (CSIR-AMPRI), Bhopal, in collaboration with various institutions including Vijnana Bharati Madhya
Bharat Province, Madhya Pradesh Council of Science and Technology, Madhya Pradesh Bhoj (Open)
University, CSIR-National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research (CSIR-NISPR), and Atal
Bihari Vajpayee Hindi University, the event served as a platform for presenting and discussing scientific work
in Hindi.

14th India-Vietnam Defence Policy Dialogue Held in New Delhi

The 14th India-Vietnam Defence Policy Dialogue took place in New Delhi, focusing on strengthening bilateral
defence cooperation. Key discussions included new cooperation areas such as cyber security and military
medicine, culminating in the signing of a Letter of Intent to enhance training exchanges.

"VIRAASAT"
"VIRAASAT", a fortnight long exhibition dedicated to celebrating 10th National Handloom Day began at
Handloom Haat in Janpath on 3rd August, 2024. National Handloom Development Corporation Ltd (NHDC)
is organising the handloom expo under the aegis of the Ministry of Textiles, Government of India which will
conclude on 16h August, 2024.

Jitendra Singh Chaired Bilateral meeting On US-India Civil Nuclear Commerce

Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh has chaired a bilateral meeting on US-India Civil Nuclear Commerce in
New Delhi. The Ministry of Science and Technology said that the meeting highlighted the deepening
cooperation between the two nations in critical areas including science, technology, and clean energy.

INDUS-X Summit 2024

The US-India Strategic Partnership Forum announced the third edition of the India-US Defence Acceleration
Ecosystem (INDUS-X) Summit at Stanford University on Sept 9-10, 2024. The summit will focus on
leveraging private investment to advance defense innovation and will feature top policymakers, panel
discussions, and a tech expo.

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SCO Meeting: Pakistan Invites PM Modi
Pakistan has invited Prime Minister Narendra Modi to attend the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)
Council of Heads of Government meeting, scheduled to be held in Islamabad on October 15-16. This follows
the 2023 SCO summit in Samarkand, Uzbekistan, attended by leaders including PM Modi, Chinese President
Xi Jinping, and Russian President Vladimir Putin.
Pakistan will host the upcoming conference, with each SCO member country getting the opportunity to host
on a rotating basis. During the last Heads of Government meeting in Kazakhstan, PM Modi did not attend due
to general elections, and External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar represented India.
About the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO):
The SCO, established in 2001 and effective from 2003, is a permanent intergovernmental international
organization.
It is the only multilateral platform where India and Pakistan work together.
The SCO aims to strengthen mutual trust and cooperation among member countries in areas such as politics,
trade, economy, research, technology, and culture.
The organization also focuses on improving relations in sectors like education, energy, transport, tourism, and
environmental protection while ensuring peace, security, and stability in the region.

PM Modi Proposes Development Agreement for Global South

Prime Minister Narendra Modi has proposed an "international development agreement" for countries in the
Southern Hemisphere (Global South) to promote technology sharing, trade cooperation, and low-interest
loans. Speaking at a virtual conference organized by India, Modi emphasized that development should not be
imposed as a debt burden and should consider the priorities of developing countries. The proposal includes
setting up a $2.5 million fund by India to support trade promotion, focusing on sustainable growth and
collaboration in key sectors like food and energy security.
REGIONAL ANDHRA PRADESH
Restoration of Original Names for Irrigation Projects
The Andhra Pradesh government, under the Jagan administration, had previously renamed several irrigation
projects. However, it has now been decided to revert to the original names of these projects. Sai Prasad, Special
Chief Secretary of the Water Resources Department, issued orders accordingly. The projects that are returning
to their old names include:
• Godavari Penna Linkage First Phase (formerly YSR Drought Relief Scheme)
• Muktyala Lift Scheme (formerly YSR Vedadri Lift Scheme)
• Veligallu Balancing Reservoir (formerly YSR Veligallu Balancing Reservoir)
• Sarvaraya Sagar Reservoir (formerly Narreddy Sivaramireddy Reservoir)
• Nellore Barrage (formerly Nallapureddy Srinivasulareddy Nellore Barrage)
• Sangam Barrage (formerly Mekapati Gautam Reddy Sangam Barrage)
• Tatipudi Reservoir (formerly Gorripati Buchi Apparao Reservoir)
• Handriniva Sujala Saravanti (formerly Anantha Venkata Reddy Handriniva Sujala Saravanti)
• Paritala Ravindra Lift Scheme (formerly YSR Upper Pennar Project)
• Mogaligundala Mini Reservoir (formerly Butchappally Subbareddy Mogaligundala Mini Reservoir)
• Rockets Amidyala Lift Scheme (formerly Rockets Narayana

YouTube Academy to be Established in Andhra Pradesh

Google has shown interest in investing in Media City in Amaravati and setting up a YouTube Training
Academy in Andhra Pradesh. Chief Minister Chandrababu Naidu held an online meeting with YouTube's
Global CEO, Neel Mohan, and Google's Asia Pacific (APAC) Head, Sanjay Gupta. They discussed various
initiatives, including skill development programs with local partners and certification programs like 'Grow
with Google'. The discussions were positive, with Google expressing interest in starting YouTube activities
and investing in Media City. Chandrababu shared this update on 'X', expressing his enthusiasm about the
potential collaboration, which includes promoting artificial intelligence, content development, and technical
support for Media City in Amaravati.

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Surge in Cyber Crime in India
Cyber-crime has surged significantly in India, with 44,599 frauds resulting in losses of Rs. 2,187 crores over
the past five years. Union Minister of State for Finance Pankaj Choudhary recently informed the Lok Sabha
that in the financial year 2023-24 alone, Rs. 1,457 crores were stolen through 29,082 frauds. Despite the scale
of the crime, only Rs. 184 crores have been recovered from the total losses. These frauds were primarily
carried out using credit cards, debit cards, and internet banking, with Haryana, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Delhi,
Tamil Nadu, and Uttar Pradesh being the most affected states.
Andhra Pradesh reported the lowest incidents, with Rs. 23.46 crores looted through 575 cyber frauds in the
last five years. To combat this, the Indian Computer Emergency Response Team has implemented various
measures for safer digital technology use. The Ministry of Home Affairs has also launched the National Cyber
Crime Reporting Portal and a helpline (1990) to address financial crimes and cyber fraud. Efforts are being
made to raise public awareness about cyber-crimes through social media, SMS campaigns by banks and the
RBI, and other educational programs.

Andhra Scraps 2-Child Policy For Individuals to Contest Local Body Polls
The Andhra Pradesh government has decided to scrap the two-child norm for contesting local body elections
in view of the declining fertility rate in the state. The decision was taken at the meeting of the state Cabinet,
chaired by Chief Minister N. Chandrababu Naidu, on August 7.

Inauguration of Anna Canteen in Gudivada

On August 15, Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister Chandrababu Naidu inaugurated the Anna Canteen in
Gudivada, Krishna district, offering nutritious meals to the poor for just Rs 5. The following day, on August
16, the remaining 99 canteens were inaugurated across various constituencies by ministers, MLAs, MPs, and
other public representatives.

Angru: A Three-Way Innovation

On August 11, Prime Minister Narendra Modi released 109 new crop varieties developed by various
universities at ICAR in Delhi, dedicating them to the nation. Among these is Nandyala Gram (NBEG-1267),
a new bean variety developed by scientists at Acharya NG Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRU). Notably,
the list also includes Lam Pesara (LGS-610) and Groundnut ICAR-Konark (TCGS-1707). These varieties
have been developed with a focus on adapting to changing climatic conditions and achieving self-sufficiency
in rapeseed and oilseed crops, highlighting the special features of the new generation of agricultural
innovations.

Nandyala Gram (NB EG-1267)

Nandyala Gram is a country groundnut variety with a crop duration of 90-95 days, ideal for rainfed conditions
during the Rabi season. It is resistant to dry rot and yields 20.95 quintals per hectare. This crop is recommended
for cultivation in Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu. It is suitable for machine harvesting
and contains 15.96 percent seed protein.

Lam Pesara (Elegy-610)

The harvest period is 74 days, making it well-suited for the Rabi season. It is resistant to the yellow mosaic
virus, as well as insects and pests. The crop yields 11.17 quintals per hectare. Recommended for paddy fields
and upland areas in Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala, and Odisha during the Rabi
season, it can be harvested using machines. The crop is rich in protein, containing 23.16 percent.
Union Cabinet Approves 12 Industrial Smart Cities
The Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, approved the development of 12 Industrial
Smart Cities across India, including in Andhra Pradesh (AP), Telangana, Bihar, and Punjab, on August 29.
Details of the Industrial Smart Cities:
Telangana: An Industrial Smart City will be developed on 3,245 acres in Zaheerabad.
Andhra Pradesh: Two Industrial Smart Cities will be established:
• Orvakallu: An Industrial Smart City will be set up on 2,621 acres.

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 • Kopparthi: Another Industrial Smart City will be measured in this region.
Overall Project Scope:
National Industrial Corridor Development Programme: These cities are part of the National Industrial
Corridor Development Programme, aiming to enhance industrial infrastructure.
Budget Allocation: The government will invest ₹28,602 crore in this project.
Investment Potential: The central government anticipates that these projects could attract combined
investments of ₹1.5 lakh crore.

Gram Sabhas Held in 13,326 Villages to Plan Development under Employment Guarantee Scheme
Deputy Chief Minister Pawan Kalyan announced that Gram Sabhas was conducted in 13,326 panchayats
across the state on August 23. During these meetings, resolutions were passed regarding development works
to be carried out under the National Employment Guarantee Scheme. A total of 87 types of works will be
implemented with a budget of Rs. 4,500 crores, aiming to provide 9 crore working days and benefit 54 lakh
families.
The initiative plans to empower village councils (Gram Sabhas) to promote local governance and self-
sustainability by enabling panchayats to generate their electricity and create their own income.

Name Change of 'Disha' Police Stations in Andhra Pradesh

The coalition government in Andhra Pradesh has renamed the 'Disha' police stations, which were established
during the previous administration. The government has decided to convert these stations into female police
stations, reflecting a focus on addressing issues specifically related to women's safety and crime against
women.

Jagananna Smart Township Renamed to NTR Smart Township

The Andhra Pradesh government has renamed the Jagananna Smart Township (MIG Layout) projects,
established in various parts of the state, to NTR Smart Township. Anil Kumar Singhal, Special Chief Secretary
of the Municipal Urban Development Department, issued the order for the name change. These MIG layouts
were initially developed by the previous government at 32 locations across various Urban Local Bodies
(ULBs) in the state.

ADB and World Bank Loan for Amaravati Construction

The World Bank has shown a positive response to providing Rs. 15,000 crores in the first phase for the
construction of Amaravati, the capital of Andhra Pradesh. This funding will be granted in collaboration with
the Asian Development Bank (ADB). A World Bank team recently visited Amaravati to assess the project and
finalize the details of the loan.

'Kutumbashree' Policy to be Implemented in Andhra Pradesh

The Central Government has decided to expand the 'Kutumbashree' policy, initially implemented in Kerala,
to other parts of the country. Andhra Pradesh is among the seven states identified for the first phase of this
rollout. Under the Kutumbashree system, activities of women's self-help groups (Dwakra Sanghas) are
conducted under the supervision of Panchayat Raj institutions, which also manage the release of funds for
women's livelihood projects.

Chandrababu Ranked 4th Best CM in 'Mood of the Nation' Survey: TDP

The Telugu Desam Party (TDP) tweeted that Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister Chandrababu Naidu was ranked
4th in the 'Mood of the Nation' survey conducted by Aaj Tak to determine the best Chief Minister in India.
According to the survey, Uttar Pradesh CM Yogi Adityanath topped the list with 33% of the votes, followed
by Arvind Kejriwal (14%), Mamata Banerjee (9%), and M.K. Stalin and Chandrababu Naidu jointly in the
4th position with 5% each. The survey assessed the quality of governance provided by the Chief Ministers
across the country.

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Prime Minister Modi Inaugurates Juvvaladinne Fishing Harbor and Lays Foundation for Wadwan
Port
Prime Minister Narendra Modi virtually inaugurated the Juvvaladinne Fishing Harbor in Nellore district, a
project for which the foundation stone was initially laid by former Chief Minister Chandrababu in 2018.
Additionally, PM Modi laid the foundation stone for Wadwan Port in Maharashtra, which is set to become the
largest container port in India.

De-Addiction Centers to be Established in Central Jails of Andhra Pradesh

The Andhra Pradesh State Government, in collaboration with the Central Government, will establish de-
addiction centers in the central jails of Rajamahendravaram, Visakhapatnam, Nellore, and Kadapa. These
centers are part of the National Action Plan for Drug Demand Reduction (NAPDDR) scheme. The Central
Government has allocated Rs. 9.80 lakh for the establishment of these centers, with each center receiving Rs.
2.45 lakh for non-recurring expenses such as equipment purchases.
The state government will appoint psychiatrists, counselors, and other staff to operate these centers. The
initiative aims to provide counseling and treatment within prisons, particularly for inmates addicted to drugs,
including those arrested for ganja-related crimes, who are housed in Visakhapatnam and Rajamahendravaram
jails.

Special Task Force for Economic Development of Andhra Pradesh: CM Chandrababu

Chief Minister Chandrababu announced the establishment of a special task force for the economic
development of "SwarnAndhra Pradesh 2047." Chandrasekaran, the Chairman of Tata Sons, will serve as the
co-chair of this task force. Tata has also agreed to partner in the Global Skills Centre (GSC) to be established
by the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) in Amaravati. The task force will include intellectuals and
industry leaders to drive the state's economic growth.

Brookfield Shows Interest in Investing in Renewable Energy Projects

Chief Minister Chandrababu announced on X that Brookfield Company is interested in investing in renewable
energy projects in the state. He noted that Brookfield has a strong reputation in the green energy sector,
following a meeting with the company's Managing Director, Nawal Saini. The company is particularly
interested in developing solar, wind, and rooftop energy projects. Highlighting the significant opportunities
for green energy projects in the state, the CM emphasized that "the future depends on green energy." He also
shared a photo from the meeting with Brookfield representatives.

Nepila Philippis: Rare Spider Found in Seshachalam Forest

The Seshachalam forest, known as the birthplace of Sri Venkateswara Swamy, is home to various rare fauna
and insects. Among these is a striking spider, scientifically named Nepila pilipis, also known as the "web
spider with golden stripes." This spider is notable for its rare coloring and is primarily found in East and South
Asian countries.

Two Andhra Pradesh Teachers Receive National Best Teacher Awards

Two teachers from Andhra Pradesh have been selected for the National Best Teacher Awards by the Central
Government for their exceptional service in the field of education. Midde Srinivasa Rao, a teacher at SPS
Municipal School Plus in Gudivada, Krishna District, and Koonati Suresh, a teacher at Urandur District
Parishad High School in Srikalahasti Mandal, Tirupati District, have been chosen for these prestigious awards.
They will receive the awards from President Draupadi Murmu during the Teacher's Day celebrations in Delhi
on September 5. Each recipient will be honored with Rs. 50,000 in cash and a silver medal.
REGIONAL TELANGANA
Stanford Satellite Center Proposed in Telangana
Telangana's Chief Minister, Revanth Reddy, has requested the establishment of a Stanford University
Biodesign Satellite Center in the state during his U.S. visit. Alongside Industries Minister Sridhar Babu, he
discussed potential collaborations with Stanford Biodesign Center representatives, focusing on joint research

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with new universities in life sciences and skilled youth development. The Biodesign Division heads expressed
support, highlighting potential job opportunities in Telangana's medical equipment industry.

Forest Area Increased in Telangana Despite National Decline

The central government has revealed that over 1,700 square kilometers of forest land have been lost across
India to various development programs in the past decade. However, Environment and Forest Minister
Bhupendra Yadav noted that Telangana, along with a few other states, has seen an increase in its forest area
during this period.
While states like Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Nagaland, Mizoram, and Meghalaya have experienced a
decline in their forest cover, Telangana's efforts have contributed to a positive growth in its forest area, setting
an example for sustainable development.

Telangana Leads in Tap Connections to Rural Households

Telangana has emerged as the number one state in India for providing drinking water through household tap
connections in rural areas. The state achieved the distinction of providing 100 percent tap connections to every
household in rural areas by 2021, placing it at the top among the larger states in the country.
While the national average for household tap connections in rural areas stands at only 77.83 percent,
Telangana's achievement sets a remarkable example for others. This accomplishment was announced by the
Union Minister of Water Resources in the Rajya Sabha, underscoring Telangana's commitment to ensuring
access to safe drinking water for all its citizens.

Project Renaissance: Reviving the Sculptures of the Kakatiya Period

In an effort to preserve and restore the lost grandeur of the Kakatiya period sculptures at the Ramappa temple
in Mulugu district, a project named "Project Renaissance" has been initiated. Although the original sculptures
have fallen into disrepair, this project aims to recreate 150 of these historic sculptures. The initiative is led by
a team of 15 archaeology enthusiasts, including retired archaeology officer Imani Shivanagi Reddy and painter
Eluri Seshabraham, under the guidance of TORCH (Team of Research on Culture and Heritage) Secretary
Arvind Arya and Raghuveer, who served as deputy sthapati of the Yadadri temple.
The process involves using artificial intelligence technology to take precise measurements of the ruins, create
digital forms, and then work with artists to recreate the sculptures in cement. Among the selected pieces are
notable works such as the four faces of the Sarvatobhadra Shivlinga from Orugallu fort, the Kirti face, the
famous sculpture of three dancing goddesses in Ramappa temple that creates the illusion of six legs with just
four, and several other significant sculptures from the Kakatiya period.
The project extends beyond the Orugallu region, with efforts also focused on the ruins in other parts of
Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, and Chhattisgarh. So far, 30 sculptures have been successfully recreated.

Sardar Sarvai Papanna Jayanti Declared as State Festival in Telangana

The Telangana government has decided to celebrate Sardar Sarvai Papanna's birth anniversary as a state
festival. According to a statement from BC Welfare Commissioner Balamayadevi, the government has issued
orders to observe the Jayanti on August 18 every year, along with another celebration on April 2. These dates
will be officially recognized and observed across the state as part of the annual festivities.

Telangana Artist Karnati Mukesh Receives National Handloom Award

Karnati Mukesh, an artist from Koyyala Guden in Chautuppal Mandal, Yadadri District, Telangana, was
honored with the 'National Handloom Award-2023' by the Vice President of India, Jagdeep Dhankhar, during
the National Handloom Day celebrations on August 7 at Vigyan Bhawan, Delhi. Mukesh, a BTech graduate,
was recognized for his exceptional work in the handloom category, where he designed a high-quality cotton
thread featuring ten colors and a hundred types of flowers. He spent two years perfecting a meter-long saree
using the double ikat technique. Mukesh was the only recipient of this prestigious award from Telangana and
Andhra Pradesh, and he was felicitated with a shawl and a cash prize of Rs. 2 lakhs.

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CM Lays Foundation Stone for Young India Skill University in Telangana
Chief Minister Revanth Reddy, along with Deputy CM Bhatti Vikramarka and Speaker Gaddam Prasad
Kumar, laid the foundation stone for the Young India Skill University in Mirakhanpet, Kandukuru Mandal,
Rangareddy district. The university will be built on 57 acres and is a significant step towards enhancing skill
development in the state. In addition to the university, the foundation stones for an Advanced Technology
Center and a Primary Health Center were also laid during the ceremony.

Anand Mahindra Appointed Chairman of Telangana's Young India Skill University

Anand Mahindra, the head of the Mahindra Group, has been appointed as the chairman of the newly
established 'Young India Skill University' by the Telangana government. Chief Minister Revanth Reddy
announced that Anand Mahindra has accepted the role and will soon take charge. The state government has
partnered with the private sector to establish this Skill University with the aim of training Telangana's youth
to become globally competitive in skills and enhancing their employment opportunities.

'Swachadanam-Pachadanam' Program Launched in Telangana

The ‘Swachadanam-Pachadanam' program, aimed at promoting cleanliness and increasing greenery, was
launched across towns and villages in Telangana on August 5. The program was inaugurated by State
Panchayat Raj and Rural Development Minister Sitakka in Abbapur village of Mulugu Mandal. MLAs,
Collectors, and senior officials participated in the launch across various districts, with rallies conducted to
raise awareness about the importance of sanitation and environmental conservation.

Comcast to Establish International Competency Center in Hyderabad

Comcast has expressed interest in investing in Telangana by setting up a 'Global Center of Competence' (GCC)
in Hyderabad. The decision was made following a meeting between Comcast's senior executives, including
Executive Vice President Mel Penna, Chief Technology Officer Rick Riobolli, and Chief Information Officer
Mike Crisapulli, with Telangana's IT and Industries Minister Duddilla Sridharababu during his visit to the
United States. The new center will focus on cutting-edge production, development, and solutions in the field
of unified communications.

Cognizant Announces Massive Expansion in Hyderabad

Cognizant, a leading IT company, is planning a significant expansion in Hyderabad, with a new campus
covering 1 million square feet. This expansion is expected to create approximately 15,000 new jobs. The
expansion plan was solidified following discussions between Telangana's Chief Minister A. Revanth Reddy,
IT Minister Sridhar Babu, and Cognizant CEO Ravikumar during their visit to the United States. The
foundations for this agreement were initially laid during the Chief Minister's team's visit to Davos last year.

Amazon Web Services to Expand Operations in Telangana

Amazon Web Services (AWS) is planning to expand its data center operations in Telangana, with a focus on
developing an AI-based data center. Telangana's IT and Industries Minister, Sridhar Babu, held discussions
with Kerry Person, Vice President of AWS Data Center Planning and Delivery, during his visit to the United
States.
Amazon has already established a strong presence in Telangana, with its largest corporate building in the
world located in Hyderabad and three AWS data centers already operational in the city. The company recently
launched its dedicated air cargo network, 'Amazon Air,' in the region. During the discussions, AWS
representatives expressed interest in further expanding their business in Telangana by establishing a new
hyperscale data center featuring advanced artificial intelligence and machine learning services.

Hyundai to Establish Mega Testing Center in Telangana

Hyundai Motors, a globally renowned automotive company, has decided to establish its latest Mega Testing
Center in Telangana. The facility will include an automated test track and a state-of-the-art test car
manufacturing unit, which will also cater to electric vehicles (EVs). This decision follows discussions held
between Telangana's Chief Minister Revanth Reddy's team and Hyundai Motors during their visit to South

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Korea. The center will be developed by Hyundai Motor India Engineering Private Limited (HMIE), a
subsidiary of Hyundai Motors.

Telangana Shows Strong Labor Force Indicators

Telangana's labor market is outperforming the national average in several key areas, according to the Socio-
Economic Statistics 2024-25. The state's Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR) stands at 66.5%, significantly
higher than the national average of 61.6%. This robust labor participation is bolstering the state's economy.
Key highlights include:
Female Labor Force Participation: In Telangana, the female LFPR is 50.4%, compared to the national
average of 39.8%. In rural areas, the rate is even higher at 64.4%, well above the national rural average of
44.3%.
Male Labor Force Participation: The LFPR for men in Telangana is 81.8%, slightly below the national
average of 83.2%.
Employment Rate: The Work Participation Rate (WPR) in Telangana is 63.4%, compared to the national
average of 59.5%.
Unemployment Rate: Telangana's unemployment rate is 4.6%, slightly higher than the national average of
3.4%.
Sector Employment: In Telangana, 47.3% of the workforce is engaged in agriculture, 33% in the service
sector, and 19.7% in the industrial sector.

Damodaram Sanjeevaiah Law University Ranked 9th Nationally

Damodaram Sanjeevaiah Law University, located in Sabbavaram, Visakhapatnam, has been ranked 9th among
law universities in India, according to the latest India Today survey. The university improved its ranking by
one position from last year. India Today's survey evaluates universities based on factors such as teaching
quality, faculty, infrastructure, and student development. This year, the university scored 1,105.7 points out
of 2,000. The institution has gained recognition for its support of national and international conferences,
progressive policies like menstrual leave for women, and its overall commitment to quality education.

Manuguru to Be Developed as a Geothermal Field for Power Generation

A tripartite agreement has been signed between Singareni, ONGC, and Telangana Redco to develop Manuguru
in Kothagudem district of Bhadradri as a geothermal field for electricity generation. The project will involve
the establishment of a 122 MW geothermal power plant at Pagideru near Manuguru, marking a significant
step towards utilizing geothermal energy for power production in the region.

Permission Granted for Four New Medical Colleges in Telangana

The National Medical Commission has granted permission for four new medical colleges in Telangana—
Mulugu, Narsampet, Gadwala, and Narayanapet—to start classes with 50 MBBS seats each, adding a total of
200 new seats. Although the state government sought approval for eight new colleges for the academic year
2024-25, permission was denied for the colleges in Yadadri, Bhuvanagiri, Maheswaram, Kuthbullapur, and
Medak. The State Medical and Health Department has been informed of this decision.

Bharti Hollikeri Appointed as Telangana Census Director

Bharti Hollikeri, a 2010 batch IAS officer, has been appointed as the Director of Census Operations and
Citizen Registrations for Telangana. She will hold this position until 31 December 2025 under the Central
Government Employees Scheme. The Central Personnel Affairs Department has directed the State
Government's Chief Secretary to relieve her of her current duties immediately so she can assume her new
responsibilities.

Telangana Bags National Best Award for Organ Transplants

Telangana has been recognized as the leading state in organ transplantation in India. The state's "Jeevandan"
program achieved the highest number of organ transplants last year, earning it the prestigious Gold National
Award. The award was presented to Telangana's Jeevandan-in-Charge by Union Minister of State for Health

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and Family Welfare, Anupriya Patel, at a function in Delhi on August 3, coinciding with National Organ
Donation Day.
Swarnalatha, the in-charge of the Jeevandan program, revealed that last year, the program facilitated the
donation of organs from 200 deceased individuals, which in turn gave new life to 729 critically ill patients.
This remarkable achievement highlights Telangana's commitment to organ donation and transplantation,
setting an example for the entire nation.

Union Cabinet Approves 12 Industrial Smart Cities

The Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, approved the development of 12 Industrial
Smart Cities across India, including in Andhra Pradesh (AP), Telangana, Bihar, and Punjab, on August 29.
Details of the Industrial Smart Cities:
Telangana: An Industrial Smart City will be developed on 3,245 acres in Zaheerabad.
Andhra Pradesh: Two Industrial Smart Cities will be established:
• Orvakallu: An Industrial Smart City will be set up on 2,621 acres.
• Kopparthi: Another Industrial Smart City will be measured in this region.
Overall Project Scope:
National Industrial Corridor Development Programme: These cities are part of the National Industrial
Corridor Development Programme, aiming to enhance industrial infrastructure.
Budget Allocation: The government will invest ₹28,602 crore in this project.
Investment Potential: The central government anticipates that these projects could attract combined
investments of ₹1.5 lakh crore.

HYDRA: Hyderabad Disaster and Assets Monitoring and Protection

What is HYDRA? HYDRA (Hyderabad Disaster and Assets Monitoring and Protection) is an initiative set
up by the Telangana government to safeguard government assets within Greater Hyderabad. Its primary goal
is to prevent encroachment on ponds, parks, and government lands within Hyderabad's Outer Ring Road and
surrounding areas.
Purpose of HYDRA:
Preventing Encroachments: HYDRA monitors and prevents the illegal occupation and construction on water
bodies and government land, even in areas that may not always contain water but are designated as Full Tank
Level (FTL) zones. In these zones, only agricultural activities are permitted, and no construction is allowed.
Difference Between Full Tank Level (FTL) and Buffer Zone:
FTL (Full Tank Level): FTL represents the maximum capacity of water a pond or lake can hold when fully
waterlogged, particularly during the rainy season. It is determined by municipal authorities and the drainage
department to identify the potential water storage capacity of an area.
Buffer Zone: A buffer zone is the area that separates two or more water bodies. The size of the buffer zone is
determined by the availability of water resources and other environmental factors in the area. Buffer zones
can vary in their use, such as wildlife conservation. Water bodies like reservoirs, ponds, and lakes with an area
of 25 hectares or more are often designated as buffer zones. There is a rule prohibiting construction within 30
meters of a buffer zone, and only agricultural activities are allowed, even on privately owned land within this
area.

Encroachment of Water Bodies in Telangana: Study Reveals Alarming Trends

A study report by the Union Ministry of Water Power reveals that a third of the 211 water bodies in Telangana
have been heavily encroached upon. The report highlights that over 75% of some ponds and lakes in the state
have been encroached, while a significant number of water bodies have encroachments ranging from 25% to
75%.
The Center's study, conducted over several years starting in 2018-19, examined the status and condition of
ponds, lakes, and other water sources across the country. The sixth statistical report, released after more than
two years of analysis, found that out of the 43,695 water bodies inspected in Telangana, 3,032 have been
encroached upon. Among them, 211 water bodies have faced more than 75% encroachment, and another 402
water bodies have encroachments between 25% and 75%.

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Telangana to Develop Sarvaipet as a Tourist Destination
The Telangana government has announced plans to develop Sarvaipet in Husnabad, Siddipet district, the
hometown of Sardar Sarvai Papannagoud, as a tourist destination. In the first phase of the project, Rs. 4.70
crores have been allocated for the development work.

Committee Formed to Establish Procedures for Gaddar Awards

The government has established a committee to formulate the procedures for the awards named after the late
popular singer Gaddar. The committee is chaired by Director B. Narsingarao, with Producer V. Hanumantha
Rao serving as Vice Chairman. Venkataramana Reddy (Dil Raju) has also been appointed as a member of the
committee, as per the order issued by the Special Commissioner of the Information and Civil Relations
Department.

Telangana to Receive Additional 200 Megawatts of Solar Power

The Union Coal Ministry, in collaboration with NLC India Ltd. (Neyveli Lignite Corporation), has agreed to
supply 200 megawatts of solar power annually to Telangana, enhancing the state's future power capacity. This
initiative is part of the Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency scheme under the Central Public Sector
Units (CPSU) scheme.
NLC is establishing a 510-megawatt solar power plant in Bibar, Kutch district, Gujarat, at a cost of Rs. 1,214
crores. The plant's construction is complete, with power generation expected to start by June 2025. The project
will play a vital role in meeting Telangana's electricity needs, providing power at a rate of Rs. 2.57 per KWH
and saving Telangana Transco around Rs. 2,000 crores over the next 25 years.
Union Minister Kishan Reddy has urged the state government to promptly sign the Power Purchase Agreement
(PPA) with NLC to secure this power supply.

Telangana Unveils State Sports Logo

As part of its plan to establish a sports university in Telangana, Chief Minister Revanth Reddy has unveiled
the state's new sports logo, designed by the Sports Authority. The logo, featuring the tagline "Sports for Life,"
is crafted in the form of Jyoti's lights, symbolizing hope and inspiration. The CM also suggested that the
integrated schools to be established in the state should be named "Young India."

Young India Sports University to Be Established in Telangana

The Telangana government has decided to set up a 'Young India Sports University' to nurture future Olympic
champions. The university will be in the sports hub of Future City (Forth City) and will be built to international
standards. Spread across approximately 200 acres, the university will host more than a dozen sports academies,
along with centers for sports science and medicine, providing state-of-the-art infrastructure for comprehensive
sports training and development.

Telangana to Establish Integrated Schools: CM Revanth Reddy

The Telangana government has decided to establish integrated schools in the state, with Chief Minister
Revanth Reddy suggesting the name "Young India" for these institutions. He also reviewed plans for a Sports
University, proposing that all sports training institutions be brought under a single umbrella to develop a
university that meets international standards. Reddy emphasized the goal of making Hyderabad a future
Olympic venue and recommended setting up a sports school in every Lok Sabha constituency.

Modern Technology to Empower the Handloom Sector

The Indian Institute of Handloom Technology (IIHT) is integrating modern technology into the heritage
handloom profession to train the next generation of weavers. Recently sanctioned by the central government,
the state government has decided to establish an IIHT in Pochampally, a renowned handloom hub. The
institute is now accepting applications from aspiring weavers in areas famous for their handloom crafts, such
as Pochampally, Puttapaka, Narayanapet, Gadwala, Siddipet, and Warangal.

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Kodandaram and Aamir Ali Khan Sworn in as MLCs
Kodandaram and Aamir Ali Khan have been sworn in as Members of the Legislative Council (MLCs). The
oath was administered by Council Chairman Gutta Sukhender Reddy. Both have taken charge as MLCs under
the Governor's quota.

Two from Telangana selected for National Teachers’ Awards

Two teachers from Telangana, Prabhakar Reddy Pesara of Zilla Parishad Secondary School,
Thirumalayapalem in Khammam district, and Thaduri Sampath Kumar, ZPHS Dammannapet in Siricilla
district, have been selected for National Teachers’ Awards 2024 by the Ministry of Education.
The duo is among the 50 teachers selected from across the country. They will be felicitated on Teachers’ Day
on September 5 in a ceremony to be held at Vigyan Bhawan.
According to the Ministry’s communication, each award carries a certificate of merit, ₹50,000 cash, and a
silver medal. The goal of the award “is to celebrate the unique contribution of some of the finest teachers in
the country and to honour those who through their commitment have not only improved the quality of school
education but also enriched the lives of students.”

Modem Vamsi Wins Gold at World Junior Equipped Powerlifting Championship

Telangana's young lifter Modem Vamsi won a gold medal at the World Junior Equipped Powerlifting
Championship held in Malta. Competing in the men's 66 kg category on August 29, Vamsi secured the top
spot with a total lift of 662.5 kg, comprising 140 kg in the bench press, 280 kg in squats, and 242.5 kg in the
deadlift.
SUPERLATIVES
First Rice ATM in the Country
The Odisha Government has launched India's first rice ATM, installed in a warehouse in Mancheswar,
Bhubaneswar. Inaugurated by the state's Minister of Civil Supplies, Krishnachandra Patra, this machine aims
to enhance the public distribution system. Ration card holders can obtain rice by entering their card number
and providing a fingerprint on the machine's touch screen display, which dispenses up to 25 kg of rice per
transaction. The government hopes this initiative will reduce irregularities in the distribution system.
Currently, the ATMs are operational in Bhubaneswar, with plans to expand to 30 districts across Odisha and
later implement them in other states under the 'One Country - One Ration Card' scheme.

Asia's Largest Hyperloop Tube

The largest hyperloop tube in Asia, spanning 425 meters, has been constructed at the IIT Madras Taiyur
campus, utilizing cutting-edge technology. Hyperloop technology addresses the major obstacle of wind
resistance faced by land vehicles, which restricts their speed. By placing a bogie in a hyperloop tube with very
low air pressure, its speed can significantly increase.
Funded by Indian Railways and L&T, the Hyperloop bogie is designed to achieve speeds of around 500-600
km per hour due to the combination of low air pressure and magnetic force. If the initial experiment proves
successful, the hyperloop bogie will be used to transport cargo. Upon successful trials, further experiments
will involve human passengers. If implemented, this technology could reduce travel time between Chennai
and Bangalore to just 30 minutes.

India's First GI-Tagged Fig Juice Exported to Poland

Purandar Highlands Farmers Producer Company Ltd has achieved a significant milestone by exporting India's
first GI-tagged fig juice to Poland. This follows the successful export of India's first commercial consignment
of GI -tagged Purandar figs to Hong Kong in February 2023.

Indian Armed Forces Deliver World's First 'Portable Hospital'

In a joint operation, the Indian Army and Air Force successfully delivered the world's first 'portable hospital'
to a remote area. The portable hospital, developed under the 'BHIS HM' project, was air-dropped from 15,000
feet using a C-130J Super Hercules transport aircraft. This mission included deploying Arogya Maitri Health

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Cubes to establish trauma care facilities in emergencies, with the Army's Para Brigade playing a key role in
the operation.

Massive 2,492-Carat Diamond Discovered in Botswana Mine

A massive 2,492-carat diamond has been discovered at the Karowe mine in Botswana, according to the
country's government. The Canadian mining company Lucara Diamond Corporation identified the diamond
using X-ray technology, describing it as of the highest quality.
This find adds to Botswana's reputation as the world's second-largest diamond producer, with several of the
largest diamonds found there in recent years. The 3,106-carat Cullinan diamond, discovered in South Africa
in 1905, remains the largest diamond ever found. The 1,758-carat Sewelo diamond, also from the Karowe
mine, was the second largest, discovered in 2019.

First Foreign University to Open Campus in India

Southampton University from the United Kingdom is set to establish the first offshore campus of a foreign
university in India under the new National Education Policy. The campus will be located in Gurugram. On
August 29, the Center announced this development, with External Affairs Minister Jaishankar handing over
the letter of intent to representatives of Southampton University.

India's First Monkeypox Diagnostic Kit Launched

The AP Med Tech Zone (AMTZ) in Visakhapatnam, in collaboration with Transasia Diagnostics Pvt Ltd, has
developed India's first domestically manufactured monkeypox diagnostic kit. The kit, called Monkeypox
RTPCR, has been designed by ErbaMDX and is the first indigenously created testing kit for monkeypox. It
has been approved by the Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR) and received emergency clearance
from the Central Drug Standard Control Organization under the Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.

Massive Hanuman Statue Unveiled in Texas

A towering 90-foot statue of Hanuman, known as Hanuman Murti, has been installed near Houston, Texas.
This statue, a new landmark in America's spiritual and cultural landscape, is visible from miles away. It is
now the third-largest statue in the United States, following the 151-foot Statue of Liberty and the 110-foot
Pegasus-Dragon statue in Hallandale Beach, Florida.

India's First Constitution Museum Marks 75 Years of the Indian Constitution

India's first Constitution Museum, named "The Constitution Academy and The Rights & Freedoms Museum,"
is set to be inaugurated by OP Jindal Global University on November 26, 2024. This initiative celebrates the
75th anniversary of the adoption of the Indian Constitution.

First Constitution Museum

O.P. Jindal Global University (JGU) is set to launch India's first Constitution Museum, marking the 75th
anniversary of the adoption of the Constitution of India. The museum, named "The Constitution Academy and
The Rights & Freedoms Museum," will be inaugurated on November 26, 2024, at the JGU campus.
PERSONS IN NEWS
Nobel Laureate Muhammad Yunus to Lead Bangladesh Interim Government
Bangladesh's Nobel laureate Muhammad Yunus will head the country's interim government after former
Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina stepped down and fled the country amid a mass uprising against her rule led
mostly by students. The announcement early on August 7, came from Joynal Abedin, the press secretary of
President Mohammed Shahabuddin.

Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, Former W.B Chief Minister, Passes Away

Former chief minister of West Bengal and veteran CPIM leader Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee passed away on
August 8, at his residence in Kolkata's Palm Avenue. Buddhadeb, who had been suffering from chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease for some years, was 80. He is survived by his wife Mira and daughter
Suchetana.

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Paetongtarn Shinawatra as Prime Minister of Thailand.
Paetongtarn Shinawatra was elected as the new Prime Minister of Thailand by the Parliament on August 16
at the age of 37. She is the daughter of former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra and the third member of
the Shinawatra family to assume this office. A minimum of 247 votes in the lower house is needed to become
Prime Minister, and Paetongtarn received support from an alliance of 11 parties, led by the Pheu Thai Party,
with 314 members backing her. The election was prompted by the court's removal of Sritta Tavisin from the
Prime Minister's post on August 14 for a breach of the moral code.

Thailand Prime Minister Srettha removed from office

The Constitutional Court's verdict in Thailand has sparked turmoil in the country's political landscape. On
August 14, the court ordered the immediate dismissal of 62-year-old Prime Minister Shretta Thavisin over
alleged ethical violations. Following its decision to dismiss the main opposition a week earlier, the court
delivered another significant ruling, with a 5:4 verdict against Thavisin's appointment of Pichit, who had been
previously convicted in a case, as a member of her cabinet. Thavisin was instructed to vacate his office
immediately.

Parvathaneni Harish as Permanent Representative to the United Nations: A Notable Achievement for
a Telugu Individual
Parvathaneni Harish, a distinguished Telugu individual, has been appointed by the Central Government as
India's next Permanent Representative to the United Nations in New York. The Ministry of External Affairs
announced that Harish, a 1990 batch Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officer, will assume this position soon.
Currently serving as the Indian Ambassador to Germany, Harish has played a significant role in major
international forums such as the G20, G7, and BRICS meetings. He also served as the Officer on Special Duty
(OSD) to the Vice President of India.
Harish's appointment follows the retirement of Ruchira Kamboj in June, who served as a diplomat for nearly
four decades. An alumnus of Osmania University in Hyderabad, Harish holds a degree in Mechanical
Engineering.

Ram Narayan Agarwal, Pioneer of the 'Agni' Missile Program, Passes Away
Ram Narayan Agarwal (84), a distinguished missile scientist and the first program director of the 'Agni' missile
mission, passed away in Hyderabad on August 15. He played a pivotal role in the creation of the 'Agni' missile,
often referred to as the "jewel" among Indian missiles, earning him the title "Father of the Agni Series." Born
into a merchant family in Jaipur, Rajasthan, Agarwal served as the Director of the Advanced Systems
Laboratory at the Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), contributing significantly to
India's missile development program.

Rekha Sharma's Tenure as NCW Chief Concludes

Rekha Sharma's tenure as the chairperson of the National Commission for Women (NCW) concluded on
August 7. Following the end of her term, she resigned from her position. Reflecting on her time at the
commission, Rekha Sharma expressed pride in having served as Chairperson for three terms and noted that
she is stepping down after a long period of service.

Challa Srinivasulu Shetty Appointed as New Chairman of SBI

The Central Government has approved the appointment of Challa Srinivasulu Shetty (CS Shetty) as the new
Chairman of the State Bank of India (SBI), one of the largest public sector banks in the country. The official
statement revealed that the Cabinet Committee on Appointments (ACC) approved the proposal sent by the
Financial Services Department. Shetty will succeed Dinesh Kumar Khara, who is set to retire on August 28.
His tenure as Chairman will be for a period of three years.

Amrit Mohan Prasad Appointed as CRPF Special DG

Amrit Mohan Prasad, a 1989 batch IPS officer from the Odisha cadre, has been appointed as the Special
Director General (DG) of the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF). He will remain in this position until

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further notice. Prior to this appointment, Prasad served as the Director General of Prisons in Odisha.

Lt Gen Vikas Lakhera Assumes Charge as Assam Rifles Director General

a significant change in leadership took place as Lt General Vikas Lakhera assumed charge as the new Director
General of the Assam Rifles, an organization fondly known as the "Sentinels of the Northeast". This transition
marks a new era for the paramilitary force that has long been crucial to maintaining peace and security in
India's northeastern region.

Rahul Naveen Appointed as Full-Time Director of Enforcement Directorate

Rahul Naveen, who has been serving as the acting chief of the Enforcement Directorate (ED), has now been
appointed as the full-time director. The Cabinet Appointments Committee issued an order on August 14
confirming his appointment. A 1993 batch IRS officer, Naveen will serve as the director of ED for two years
or until further notice, whichever comes earlier. The 57-year-old was appointed as Special Director of ED in
November 2019 and had been serving as interim director since September 15 last year.

Former External Affairs Minister K Natwar Singh Passes Away

K Natwar Singh, the former External Affairs Minister, passed away on August 10 at the age of 93. Born in
1931 in Bharatpur, Rajasthan, Singh began his career as a diplomat before transitioning into politics. His
diplomatic experience significantly contributed to his political journey. He was honored with the 'Padma
Bhushan' in 1984 for his service to the nation. Singh served as the External Affairs Minister in the UPA-1
government from 2004 to 2005.

Iconic Classical Dancer Yamini Krishnamurthy Passes Away

On August 3, 2024, India lost one of its most revered classical dancers, Yamini Krishnamurthy, who passed
away at the age of 83 at Apollo hospital in New Delhi. Known for her mastery over Bharatanatyam, Kuchipudi,
and Odissi, Krishnamurthy was a luminary who helped elevate Indian classical dance to the global stage.

Former Indian Cricketer and Coach Anshuman Gaekwad Passes Away

On July 31, 2024, the cricket world lost one of its most respected figures with the death of Anshuman Gaekwad
at the age of 71. Gaekwad, a former Indian cricketer and coach, succumbed to blood cancer after a prolonged
battle with the disease. His passing marks the end of an era in Indian cricket, leaving behind a legacy that
spans decades as a player, coach, and administrator.

A Rare Honor for Indian Traditional Dance: Chinese Girl Shines in Bharatanatyam Debut
A thirteen-year-old Chinese girl, Li Muzhi, made history with her debut Bharatanatyam performance in China,
marking a significant milestone in the popularization of this ancient Indian art form in the neighbouring
country. The event, noted as the first Bharatanatyam graduation in China, was attended by many dignitaries,
including renowned Bharatanatyam exponent Leela Samson, Indian diplomats, and local Bharatanatyam
enthusiasts.
A dancer's debut performance, traditionally their first in front of teachers, experts, and guests, saw Li's graceful
execution leave a lasting impression on the audience. T.S. Vivekanand, Culture In-Charge of the Indian
Embassy, noted that this is the first such performance after full-time training in China, highlighting the
growing interest in Indian classical dance.

T.V. Somanathan Appointed as New Cabinet Secretary

Senior IAS Officer T.V. Somanathan has been appointed as the new Cabinet Secretary of India, succeeding
Rajiv Gauba, whose term ends this month. will begin his two-year tenure on August 30, 2024. He will also
serve as Officer on Special Duty (OSD) in the Cabinet Secretariat until he formally assumes the role of Cabinet
Secretary.

Satish Kumar Appointed as Railway Board Chairman and CEO

In a significant development for Indian Railways, the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) has

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approved a change in leadership at the highest level. This decision marks a new chapter in the administration
of one of the world's largest railway networks.

CS Shetty Takes Charge as Chairman of SBI

Challa Srinivasulu Shetty (CS Shetty) has assumed the role of Chairman of the State Bank of India (SBI). He
succeeds Dinesh Khara, whose tenure ended on August 27. CS Shetty stated that under his leadership, SBI
will aim to become the most valuable financial services company in India and work towards increasing net
profits.

Sivakumar Vepakomma Appointed as Director (Power System) of SECI

Sivakumar Vepakomma has been appointed as the Director (Power System) of the Solar Energy Corporation
of India (SECI). The Cabinet Committee on Central Appointments decided to appoint him as Secretary
Director, as per the order issued by the Department of Personnel Affairs. He was previously serving as the
Chief General Manager at NTPC Green Energy Limited.

New Chiefs Appointed for CISF and BSF

Rajwinder Singh Bhatti has been appointed as the Director General of the Central Industrial Security Force
(CISF), and Daljeet Singh Chaudhary as the Chief of the Border Security Force (BSF). The Department of
Personnel Affairs issued orders for these appointments. Bhatti, a 1990 batch IPS officer from the Bihar cadre,
will serve as CISF Director General until September 30 next year, while Chaudhary, a 1990 batch IPS officer
from the UP cadre, will serve as BSF Director General until November 30 next year.

Centre Appoints B Srinivasan as New NSG Director General

The Centre has appointed senior IPS officer B Srinivasan as the new Director General of the National Security
Guard (NSG), according to a Personnel Ministry order issued on August 27. Srinivasan, a 1992 batch Indian
Police Service (IPS) officer from the Bihar cadre, will serve as the NSG DG until August 31, 2027, the date
of his superannuation. He is currently the director of Bihar Police Academy, Rajgir.

Vice admiral rajesh dhankhar takes over as director general project seabird
Vice Admiral Rajesh Dhankhar NM, assumed duties of the Director General Project Seabird,with a charter to
oversee largest defence infrastructure project currently progressing at the Karwar Naval Base, from Vice
Admiral Tarun Sobti, on 28 August 2024. The change of guard took place at the Headquarters, Project Seabird,
New Delhi. VAdm Rajesh Dhankhar was commissioned into the Indian Navy on 01 July 1990 and is a
specialist in Navigation & Direction.

Indian Army Mourns the Loss Of General S Padmanbham

Former Chief of Army Staff General Sundararajan Padmanabhan, who passed away at his Chennai residence
on August 19, was cremated with full military honours at Besant Nagar on August 20. The Indian Army bid
a solemn farewell to the late Gen S Padmanabhan, who died at 83 due to age-related ailments.

ICG DG Rakesh Pal Dies of Cardiac Arrest

Director General of the Indian Coast Guard, Rakesh Pal, died of a severe cardiac arrest in Chennai. He was
59. He was in Chennai to participate in the Coast Guard function led by Defence Minister Rajnath Singh.

Nasscom Appoints Sindhu Gangadharan as New Chairperson

The National Association of Software and Service Companies (Nasscom), India's premier IT industry body,
has announced a significant change in its leadership. Sindhu Gangadharan, the Managing Director of SAP
Labs India, has been appointed as the new chairperson of Nasscom. This appointment marks a crucial moment
in the organization's history and sets the stage for new directions in India's technology sector.

Justice AG Noorani Passes Away

Abdul Ghafoor Majeed Noorani, an eminent educationist, writer, and jurist, passed away at the age of 94 at

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his residence in Mumbai on August 29. Born on September 16, 1930, in Mumbai, Noorani practiced law at
the Bombay High Court and the Supreme Court. He authored several notable books, including "The Kashmir
Dispute 1947-2012," "Article 370: A Constitutional History of Jammu and Kashmir," and "The Destruction
of Hyderabad."

Five-Year-Old Teghbir Singh Conquers Mount Kilimanjaro

Teghbir Singh, a five-year-old boy from Ropar, Punjab, has etched his name in the annals of mountaineering
history. Teghbir has become the youngest Asian to successfully scale Mount Kilimanjaro, Africa's highest
peak, standing at an impressive 5,895 meters above sea level.

Jay Shah Elected as New International Cricket Council Chairman

Jay Shah has been elected unopposed as the new Chair of the International Cricket Council (ICC), succeeding
Greg Barclay.
This appointment marks a significant moment in cricket administration, as Shah becomes the youngest person
ever to hold this prestigious position.

World's Oldest Woman, Maria Branyas, Passes Away

Maria Branyas, a 117-year-old woman from Spain who was believed to be the oldest woman in the world, has
passed away. Following her death, 116-year-old Tomiko Itika from Japan is now considered the world's oldest
woman.

Commemorative Rs.100 Coin Honoring Karunanidhi Released

Defense Minister Rajnath Singh released a commemorative Rs.100 coin in Chennai to mark the centenary of
the late DMK leader and former Tamil Nadu Chief Minister Karunanidhi. Tamil Nadu CM MK Stalin received
the first coin. The DMK government organized year-long centenary celebrations, and the coin, featuring
Karunanidhi's image, was issued by the Central Government to honor his legacy.

Former Meghalaya CM Salseng Marak Passes Away

Former Meghalaya Chief Minister Salseng Marak has passed away at the age of 82 due to age-related illness.
A senior Congress leader, Marak made history in 1993 as the first Chief Minister of Meghalaya to complete a
full five-year term.

Pakistani Christian Becomes First Goan to Obtain Indian Citizenship Under CAA
On August 28, 2024, Goa Chief Minister Pramod Sawant awarded Indian citizenship to Joseph Francis Pereira,
a 78-year-old Pakistani Christian, under the Citizenship (Amendment) Act (CAA). This marks the first
instance of a Goan receiving citizenship through this amendment.
SPORTS
Former England cricketer Graham Thorpe Passes Away at 55
The cricketing world mourns the loss of Graham Thorpe, a former England cricketer and coach, who passed
away on Monday at the age of 55. The England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB) announced his death, marking
the end of an era for English cricket. Thorpe's contributions to the sport, both as a player and coach, left an
indelible mark on cricket history.

Indian Tennis Star Announces Retirement

Indian tennis star Rohan Bopanna has announced his retirement. The 43-year-old from Bengaluru, who
recently set a record by becoming the world's oldest player to achieve the number one ranking in doubles,
decided to step away from the sport. His retirement comes after he and his partner Balaji were defeated in the
opening round of the men's doubles event at the Paris Olympics.

Former Indian Cricketer Anshuman Gaikwad Passes Away

Tragedy strikes Indian cricket as former cricketer and coach Anshuman Gaikwad has passed away after a
prolonged battle with blood cancer. Gaikwad, who represented Team India in 40 Tests and 15 ODIs from

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1974 to 1984, scored 1,985 runs in Tests at an average of 30.07, with a highest score of 201 against Pakistan.
He later went on to coach the Indian team between 1997 and 1999. His loss marks a somber moment in Indian
cricket history.

Olympics
The Olympics have a rich history that dates to ancient Greece. The ancient Olympic Games were first held in
776 BC in Athens, the capital of Greece. These games were abolished in 393 AD by the Roman Emperor
Theodosius.

The modern Olympic Games began in 1896, once again in Athens, with 241 athletes from 14 countries
participating in 43 sports. Pierre de Coubertin of France is considered the father of the modern Olympics. The
International Olympic Committee (IOC) was founded, and its first president was Demetrios Vikelas. The
Olympics are held every four years and have never been hosted in Africa.

The Olympic motto, "Citius, Altius, Fortius" (Faster, Higher, Stronger), had the word "Communitarian" added
140 years later to emphasize community spirit. The Olympics were not held in 1916, 1940, and 1944 due to
World Wars I and II.

In the 1896 games, winners were awarded silver medals and runners-up bronze medals. The gold, silver, and
bronze medals that we know today were first awarded in the 1904 Olympics. The practice of placing medals
around athletes' necks began at the 1960 Rome Olympics. Women first participated in the Olympics in 1900.

The Olympic flag, designed by Pierre de Coubertin in 1912, features five colored rings on a white background,
representing the five continents:

Blue: Europe
Black: Africa
Green: Australia
Red: America
Yellow: Asia
This flag was first used at the Antwerp Olympics in Belgium in 1920.

Olympic Torch
The tradition of the Olympic flame began in 1928 in Amsterdam, Netherlands. The Olympic torch is lit 100
days before the games using solar rays and a parabolic mirror in a special ceremony at Olympia, Greece, the
site of the ancient Olympics. The torch is then carried to a nearby Greek city before being taken on a relay to
various countries worldwide. During the 2016 Rio Olympics, the torch was received by an equestrian medalist
from Valletta when it entered Paris on July 14, France's national day.

Olympic Medals
The Olympic medals are 8.5 cm in diameter and feature the Greek goddess of victory, Nike, and the symbol
of the host city on one side. The reverse side includes the Panathenaic Stadium, where the first modern games
were held. The IOC has set criteria for Olympic medals, requiring one side to display the details and logo of
the host city while the other side bears a figure of the Greek goddess Nike.

India's Achievements in the Olympics

1900: Norman Pritchard, the first Indian Olympian, represented India and won two silver medals in the Men's
200m and 200m hurdles. Although he was British, he competed for India.
1920: Indian athletes began participating in the Olympics regularly.
1928: India won its first Olympic gold medal in hockey.
1948: India participated in the Olympics for the first time after gaining independence.

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1952: KD Jadhav became the first Indian athlete to win an individual medal (bronze in wrestling). Indian
women also participated in the Olympics for the first time, in Helsinki.
2000: Karnam Malleswari won a bronze medal in weightlifting at the Sydney Olympics, becoming the first
Indian woman to win an Olympic medal.
2008: Abhinav Bindra won India’s first individual gold medal in shooting at the Beijing Olympics.
2012: Wrestler Sushil Kumar became the first Indian athlete to win two individual Olympic medals (bronze
in 2008 and silver in 2012).
2020: PV Sindhu became the first Indian woman to win two Olympic medals in individual categories (silver
in 2016, bronze in 2021). Wrestler Ravi Dahiya won silver, and Bajrang Punia won bronze in Tokyo.
Neeraj Chopra: Javelin thrower Neeraj Chopra became the first Indian track and field athlete to win a gold
medal.
Hockey Dominance: India has won 8 gold medals in hockey, achieving a double hat-trick by winning gold
consecutively in 1928, 1932, 1936, 1948, 1952, and 1956.
India has participated in 25 Olympic Games and won 35 medals: 10 gold, 9 silver, and 16 bronze. The country
continues to excel in sports like wrestling, where it has consistently won medals since 2008.

33rd Olympic Games: Paris 2024

The 33rd Olympic Games will be held in Paris, France, from July 28 to August 11, 2024. This marks the third
time Paris has hosted the Olympics, with previous games held in 1900 and 1924. London has also hosted the
Olympics three times, in 1908, 1948, and 2012.

Key Information:
Opening Ceremony: July 28, 2024 (Seine Riverside)
Closing Ceremony: August 11, 2024 (Stade de France)
President of IOC: Thomas Bach
President of Indian Olympic Association: PT Usha
Chef de Mission for Indian Sports Team: Gagan Narang
Indian Flag Bearers: PV Sindhu (Badminton), Achanta Kamal (Table Tennis)
Olympic Openers: Emmanuel Macron (President of France)
Olympic Mascot: Phrygian Cap
Participation Details:
Total Participating Countries: 206
Total Sports: 32
Total Events: 329
Participating Athletes: 10,672 (including 5,250 women athletes)
Sports Venues: 16 locations in Paris and surrounding areas
Sports Departments: 16
Indian Team: 117 athletes, supported by 140 staff members
Additional Information:
International Olympic Committee (IOC) Formation: June 23, 1894
IOC Headquarters: Lausanne, Switzerland
Paris 2024 aims to celebrate inclusivity, diversity, and sustainability, with an emphasis on gender equality,
featuring a nearly equal number of male and female athletes. The games will also showcase some new sports
and bring back old favorites, contributing to a vibrant and exciting Olympic experience.

Indian Athletes in the Paris 2024 Olympics

A total of 117 athletes from India are participating in the Paris 2024 Olympics, with 47 women and 70 men
competing across 16 sports.

Sports and Number of Athletes:

Archery: 6

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Athletics: 29
Badminton: 7
Boxing: 6
Equestrian: 1
Golf: 4
Hockey: 19
Judo: 1
Rowing: 1
Shooting: 21
Swimming: 2
Sailing: 1
Table Tennis: 8
Tennis: 3
Weightlifting: 1
Wrestling: 6
Notable Athletes:
Youngest Athlete: Dhinidhi Desingu (14 years old) from Karnataka, competing in the 200m freestyle
swimming category.
Oldest Athlete: Rohan Bopanna (44 years old) from Karnataka, competing in Olympic doubles tennis with
Sriram Balaji. This is his third Olympic appearance. Bopanna won the Australian Open doubles this year and
became the oldest player to be ranked number one.

Telugu Athletes:
Several athletes from the Telugu states are representing India:
Badminton: PV Sindhu, Satvik Sairaj
Boxing: Nikhat Zareen
Shooting: Eshopping
Table Tennis: Akula Sreeja
Athletics: Jyoti Yaraji, Jyothika Sree, Dheeraj Bommadevara
Medals Won by India in the Olympics
Sport Gold Silver Bronze Total
Hockey 8 1 3 12
Shooting 1 2 1 4
Athletics 1 2 0 3
Wrestling 0 2 5 7
Badminton 0 1 2 3
Weightlifting 0 1 1 2
Boxing 0 0 3 3
Tennis 0 0 1 1
Total 10 9 16 35
India has a strong history in the Olympics, particularly in sports like hockey, shooting, wrestling, and
badminton. With a diverse team in Paris 2024, the country aims to add to its medal tally and achieve new
milestones.

Features of the Paris 2024 Olympics

Host City: Paris, France, is hosting the Olympics for the third time (previously in 1900 and 1924) after 100
years.
Dates: The games will be held from July 26 to August 11, 2024.
Olympic Mascot: The mascot for this Olympics is named "Olympic Phryge."
Historical Significance: Paris was the first city where women athletes participated in the Olympics, back in
1900.

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Gender Equality: For the first time, an equal number of men (5,250) and women (5,250) athletes will
participate, emphasizing gender balance.
Women Recognition: Many venues are named after French women, highlighting the contribution of women
to sports and society.
Motto: "Citius, Altius, Fortius" (Faster, Higher, Stronger) is the Olympic motto. The word "Communitarian"
was added 140 years later to promote community spirit.
Medal Competitions: Competitions will be held for 329 gold medals across 32 sports.
Cost: The estimated cost of organizing the Paris Olympics is about 10 billion dollars (approximately Rs.
85,000 crores).
New Feature: "Breaking" (breakdancing) will be introduced for the first time, featuring dance battles to DJ
music and stunts.
Parade Order: Greece will lead the parade, followed by the refugee team, then countries in English
alphabetical order, and finally, the host nation France. Due to the war with Ukraine, athletes from Russia and
Belarus competing as individuals will not participate in the parade. The entire event is expected to last around
four hours.
Artistic Swimming: Men will compete in artistic swimming for the first time in Olympic history.
Host History: Paris (1900, 1924, 2024) is the second city, after London (1908, 1948, 2012), to host the
Olympics three times. The opening ceremony in 2024 is being held almost exactly 100 years after the closing
ceremony of the 1924 Olympics.
Medal Events: There will be 32 sports and 329 medal events, with a maximum of 49 medals available in
aquatics and 48 in athletics.
Venues: Competitions will be held across 35 venues in Paris and its suburbs, with beach volleyball
competitions near the Eiffel Tower.
Unique Locations: Surfing events will be held on the islands of Tahiti, located in the Pacific Ocean, around
15,000 kilometers from France but under French governance.
Athlete Village: Accommodations have been prepared for 14,250 people in the sports village, with at least
60,000 meals served daily. After the games, the village will be converted into a residential area.
Volunteers: Around 40,000 volunteers will assist in the management of the games.

Training of Indian Athletes

For the Paris 2024 Olympics, 117 Indian athletes are competing at the highest sports platform. To enhance
their chances of winning medals, the Union Sports Ministry launched the 'Target Olympic Podium Scheme'
(TOPS). Under this scheme, special training and support were provided to the athletes, with over Rs. 470
crores spent, partly funded through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) contributions.

Notable Performances by Indian Athletes

Manu Bhakar Makes History
First Indian Woman Shooter to Win a Medal at the World Games: On July 28, young shooter Manu Bhakar
ended India's long-standing medal drought in women's shooting by winning a bronze medal in the women's
10m air pistol individual event. She scored 221.7 points, securing the third position. YJ Oh (243.2) and YJ
Kim (241.3) from Korea took the gold and silver medals, respectively.

Double Medal Feat in Paris Olympics: Manu Bhakar, along with Sarabjot Singh, won another bronze medal
in the 10m air pistol mixed event. The Indian duo defeated Korea with a score of 16-10. This victory made
Manu Bhakar the only Indian athlete to win two medals in the same Olympics in 124 years. The last person
to achieve this feat was Norman Pritchard in 1900.

Swapnil Kusale's Bronze in Shooting

Bronze for Young Shooter Swapnil Kusale: Swapnil Kusale secured a bronze medal in the Men's 50m Rifle 3
Positions event. His performance added to India's tally and reflected the best efforts of Indian shooters in the
Paris Olympics.

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Neeraj Chopra Shines Again
Silver Medal in Javelin Throw: Neeraj Chopra, who won India's first gold medal in athletics at the Tokyo
Olympics, continued his impressive form in Paris. He won a silver medal in the javelin throw with a throw of
89.45 meters during the final at Stade de France on August 8. His performance once again brought glory to
Indian athletics on the world stage.
International Highlights
China's Dominance: China started strong by winning its first gold medal in the 10m air rifle mixed team
event on July 26. The Chinese pair, Huang Yiting and Sheng Lihao, defeated the Korean team 16-12. China
also won another gold in diving, continuing its longstanding success in the sport.

Key Highlights from India's Performance at the Paris 2024 Olympics

1. India Wins Bronze in Hockey
The Indian hockey team secured a bronze medal in the Paris Olympics, their fourth Olympic bronze in history.
In a fierce match on August 8, Team India defeated Spain 2-1. Despite being 1-0 down at one point, captain
Harmanpreet Singh scored consecutive goals to secure the win.
Goalkeeper PR Sreejesh played his last Olympic game, and a grand farewell was given to him.
2. First Wrestling Medal for India
Young wrestler Aman Sehrawat won India's sixth medal at the Paris Olympics by clinching a bronze medal
in wrestling.
Sehrawat won a decisive victory against Puerto Rican wrestler Cruz Derrien in straight rounds, making him
the youngest Indian to win an Olympic medal.
3. Flag Bearers for the Closing Ceremony
Young shooter Manu Bhakar and hockey goalkeeper PR Sreejesh were selected as India's flag bearers for the
closing ceremony.
The decision was made by the Indian Olympic Association (IOA) following the wishes of the athletes.
4. 'Olympic Order' Awarded to Abhinav Bindra
Shooter Abhinav Bindra, India's first individual Olympic gold medalist, was honored with the 'Olympic Order'
by the International Olympic Committee (IOC).
The award recognizes his contribution to the Olympic movement and his role in winning a gold medal. The
'Olympic Order' is given to individuals who have significantly contributed to the Olympic Games and the
broader Olympic movement since 1975. Bindra received the award from IOC President Thomas Bach during
the 142nd IOC session.
5. Indian Boxing Referee at the Olympics
Lt. Col. Kabilan Sai Ashok served as a boxing referee at the Paris Olympics, becoming the youngest Indian
to achieve this feat.
He is the fourth Indian official to work at the Olympics since 1904 and currently works as an administrator at
the Army Sports Institute in Pune.
Overview of the Paris 2024 Olympics
Dates: The Olympics were held from July 26 to August 11, 2024.
India's Medal Tally: India won a total of six medals.
Opening Ceremony: Unlike previous Olympics, the opening ceremony was held outside the sports village,
with athletes parading on boats along the River Seine. The ceremony faced challenges, including a brief period
of rain.
Controversies:
The inclusion of performances by lesbian DJ Barbara Butch's group sparked criticism, drawing reactions even
from U.S. presidential candidate Donald Trump.
There were also reports of several athletes falling ill due to pollution during swimming events.

Highlights from the Paris 2024 Olympics

1. Djokovic Completes Golden Slam
Novak Djokovic won the Golden Slam by defeating Carlos Alcaraz in the Olympics singles final to claim the
gold medal.

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At 37 years old, Djokovic has now won all four Grand Slam titles (French Open, Wimbledon, Australian
Open, and US Open) and an Olympic gold, making him the fifth tennis player in history to achieve this feat.
2. Simone Biles Praises Rival
Renowned gymnast Simone Biles impressed everyone with her sportsmanship, praising her competitor
Rebecca Andrade on the podium, calling her a "queen."
Rebecca Andrade won the gold medal while Simone Biles secured the silver.
3. Noah Lyles: Hero of the Track
Noah Lyles emerged as the hero of the 100m finals, winning gold with a time of 9.79 seconds, a mere five-
thousandths of a second ahead of his competitors.
Jamaican athlete Kishane Thompson took the silver. Lyles remarked, "I am the first of all, I am a wolf to
wolves."
4. Gender Controversy in Boxing
Boxing witnessed a gender controversy involving Algerian boxer Imane Khelief, who faced criticism and
online harassment despite a quick victory, knocking out her opponent in 46 seconds.
Similarly, Lin Yuting from Taiwan, who won gold in her category, also faced scrutiny over her gender.
5. Viral North-South Korea Selfie
Athletes from South Korea (bronze) and North Korea (silver) in the table tennis event took a selfie together
on the podium, capturing a rare moment of camaraderie despite the political tensions between the two
countries.
6. 14-Year-Old Gold Medalist
Arisa Tri, a skateboarding sensation from Australia, became the youngest gold medalist of the Paris Olympics
at just 14 years old, performing exceptionally in the final with her pink helmet.
Zheng Huaho, an 11-year-old from China, also participated in the event but did not win a medal.
7. Disqualification and Retirement of Vinesh Phogat
Indian wrestler Vinesh Phogat was disqualified from the competition due to exceeding the weight limit by 100
grams.
This incident led to her decision to retire, and she announced her retirement on social media with an emotional
post: "Wrestling won over me. I lost. I lost my courage. I don't have the strength to fight yet. I'm sorry.
Goodbye wrestling 2001-2024."
8. Unconventional Style Wins Silver
Turkish shooter Cool Yusuf became a social media sensation after winning a silver medal while competing in
a simple t-shirt and glasses, sparking debates about achieving success without specialized equipment.
9. Five Consecutive Golds for Cuban Wrestler
Mijain Lopez, a Cuban wrestler, made history at the Paris 2024 Olympics by winning his fifth consecutive
gold medal in the individual category, solidifying his status as one of the greatest wrestlers of all time. At the
age of 42, Lopez announced his intention to retire from the sport, stating, "Wrestling is what I love most in
my life and will stay with it." His remarkable achievement and dedication to wrestling have inspired countless
athletes worldwide.

Women's Under-19 T20 World Cup 2025 Schedule Released

The International Cricket Council (ICC) has announced the schedule for the 2025 Women's Under-19 T20
World Cup, which will be hosted by Malaysia. The tournament is set to take place from January 18 to February
2, featuring a total of 41 matches. Sixteen teams will compete, divided into four groups.

Women's T20 World Cup Moved to UAE

The ICC has decided to relocate the Women's T20 World Cup from Bangladesh to the UAE due to riots in
Bangladesh and concerns expressed by participating countries about safety. While the hosting rights will
remain with Bangladesh, the revenue from the tournament will be shared with the UAE. The matches are
scheduled to take place in Dubai and Sharjah from October 3 to 20.

Shikhar Dhawan Announces Retirement from Cricket

Shikhar Dhawan has announced his retirement from both international and domestic cricket. Over his career,

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Dhawan played 167 ODIs, 34 Tests, and 68 T20 international matches, making a significant impact in all
formats of the game.

England's Dawid Malan Retires from International Cricket

Dawid Malan, the former top-ranked 120 batter and a versatile player who achieved the rare feat of scoring
centuries for England in all formats, has announced his retirement from international cricket. At 36 years old,
Malan leaves behind a legacy marked by significant achievements, particularly in the shorter formats of the
game.

Sumit Antil and Bhagyashree Jadhav Named Flag Bearers for Paralympics
Sumit Antil and Bhagyashree Jadhav have been chosen as India's flag bearers for the opening ceremony of
the Paralympics, which will take place from August 28 to September 8 in Paris. The announcement was made
by Devendra Jhajharia, the chief of the Paralympic Committee of India (PCI), recognizing their consistent
performance. India will be represented by 84 athletes at the games.

Satya Prakash Sangwan Appointed as Chef de Mission for Paris Paralympics 2024
Paralympic Committee of India (PCI) made a significant announcement regarding the leadership of the Indian
contingent for the upcoming Paris Paralympics. Satya Prakash Sangwan, the vice president of PCI, has been
appointed as the Chef de Mission (CDM) for the Indian team.

India Wins Four Medals in a Single Day at Paralympics

On August 30, India achieved a remarkable feat by winning four medals in a single day at the Paralympics.
Avani Lekhara, despite being wheelchair-bound since age eleven, made history by becoming the first Indian
woman to win gold at the Paralympics for the second consecutive time. Mona Aggarwal secured a bronze
medal in the same shooting category. Manish Narwal won a silver medal in the 10m air pistol SH-1 event,
while sprinter Preeti Paul claimed a bronze medal.

Modem Vamsi Wins Gold at World Junior Equipped Powerlifting Championship

Modem Vamsi, a young powerlifter from Telangana, won a gold medal at the World Junior Equipped
Powerlifting Championship held in Malta. Competing in the men's 66 kg category on August 29, Vamsi
secured the top spot with a total lift of 662.5 kg, comprising 140 kg in the bench press, 280 kg in squats, and
242.5 kg in the deadlift.

Neeraj Chopra Finishes Second in Lausanne Diamond League

Neeraj Chopra, India's star javelin thrower, showcased his resilience and skill at the Lausanne Diamond
League meet.
Despite facing challenges, Chopra secured a commendable second-place finish,marking another significant
achievement in his illustrious career.

Asian Junior Badminton Championship: India Announces 39-Member Squad

The Asian Junior Badminton Championship (AJBC) is set to begin next week in China. India has announced
a 39-member squad for this prestigious tournament, featuring shuttlers in the Under-15 and Under-17
categories. The championship will take place from August 20 to 25.

India shines at the 17th International Earth Sciences Olympiad

The Indian student team has bagged multiple prestigious medals at the 17th edition of the International Earth
Sciences Olympiad (IESO) held in Beijing, China, from August 08-16, 2024.
The four-membered Indian team comprising students from Gujarat, Kerala, Chhattisgarh, and Rajasthan have
won three gold and bronze each and two silver medals across three competition categories (Theory and
Practical, Earth System Project, and International Team Filed Investigation). Dr Jitendra Singh, Hon'ble
Minister of State (Independent Charge), Ministry of Earth Sciences and Ministry of Science and Technology,

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Mos PMO, Department of Atomic Energy, Department of Space, Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions,
congratulated the Indian team and expressed appreciation for bringing the coveted academic laurel to the
country.

Bangladesh Triumphs in SAFF U-20 Championship 2024

Bangladesh has emerged as the new champion of the SAFF (South Asian Football Federation) U-20
Championship football tournament. This victory marks a significant milestone in Bangladesh's football
history, as it is the first time the nation has claimed this prestigious title. The tournament, which showcased
the talent of young South Asian footballers, concluded with a thrilling final match that saw Bangladesh defeat
the host nation, Nepal.

Indian Prodigy Triumphs at Asian U-15 Junior Badminton Championships 2024

In a remarkable display of skill and determination, 14-year-old Tanvi Patri from Odisha, India, has etched her
name in the annals of badminton history. Patri clinched the women's singles title at the Asian U-15 Junior
prestigious Championships 2024, held in Chengdu, People's Republic of China, from August 20-25, 2024.

Olympic Cyclist Daniela Chirinos Passes Away at 51

The cycling world mourns the loss of Daniela Larreal Chirinos, a celebrated Venezuelan Olympic cyclist who
passed away at the age of 51. Chirinos, known for her remarkable career spanning over a decade, left an
indelible mark on the sport of track cycling and represented her nation with distinction on the global stage.

Lando Norris Wins Dutch Grand Prix 2024

The Dutch Grand Prix witnessed a spectacular display of skill and determination as Lando Norris secured his
second career win, outpacing championship leader Max Verstappen in a thrilling race. The McLaren driver's
performance was nothing short of exceptional, finishing over 20 seconds ahead of his closest competitor.
IITs
IIT Indore Develops Electricity-Generating Shoes with Real-Time Location Tracking
The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore has developed innovative footwear designed to improve the
safety and efficiency of armed forces personnel. These special shoes have the capability to generate electricity
and provide real-time location tracking. The first batch of these technologically advanced shoes has already
been sent to the Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO). The project was developed
experimentally under the guidance of Professor IA Palani.

Asia's Longest Hyperloop Tube Built at IIT Madras

IIT Madras has constructed Asia's longest hyperloop tube, spanning 425 meters, using state-of-the-art
technology. This tube, designed with low air pressure and magnetic force, allows vehicles to travel at speeds
of 500 to 600 km per hour. Currently in its pilot phase, this research project is funded by Indian Railways and
L&T.

Inauguration of Cyber Security Lab at IIT Madras

IIT Madras, in collaboration with IDBI Bank, has established the Secure Systems Lab. This facility aims to
develop advanced security solutions to protect against cyber-attacks across various sectors, including banking,
finance, insurance, healthcare, and telecommunications.

IIT-Bhubaneswar Develops Accurate Rainfall Prediction Technology

IIT-Bhubaneswar has announced the development of a new technology that accurately predicts rainfall. This
innovative approach combines the output of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with a deep
learning model. The technology's performance has been studied in regions like Assam, which is prone to large-
scale floods, and Odisha, known for receiving heavy rainfall.

IIT-Madras Establishes Center for Hydrology in Collaboration with Israel

India and Israel have signed an agreement to establish a new aquatic science center at IIT Madras, focusing

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on providing clean drinking water. The center aims to find sustainable solutions for water supply, especially
in urban areas, by advancing research and developments in hydrology. Prior to the agreement, a short-term
course on 24-hour water supply in urban areas was conducted at IIT-Madras from the 5th to the 8th of this
month. The Embassy of Israel, IIT-Madras, and the Union Department of Urban Affairs' Amrit Mission
recently signed a tripartite agreement for the center's establishment.

Course on Reincarnation at IIT Mandi Sparks Criticism

IIT Mandi is facing criticism for mandating students to study topics like the Bhagavad Gita and reincarnation.
The institute introduced a course titled "Introduction to Wisdom, Prosperity" for first-year engineering
students, offered by the newly established Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) department. The course covers
various subjects, including the subtle body, rebirth, and the approach to death. Additionally, all students are
required to attend weekly Bhagavad Gita recitation and yoga classes, with attendance being recorded.
These decisions have drawn criticism from many, who view them as an attempt to impose religious practices
on students. There are also allegations that such measures have been implemented since the arrival of the new
director in 2022.

India's first abrasive waterjet unveiled by IIT-M director

An IIT Madras backed start-up has designed India's first abrasive waterjet machine which can be used for
cutting combustible materials without generating heat, and can play a major role in the semiconductor,
aviation, defence and diamond industries. It will be a game-changer as the machine is expected to cost just
one-third of those currently in the market. The machine was unveiled by IIT-M director V Kamakoti.

Google CEO Sundar Pichai Honoured with Honorary Doctorate from IIT-Kharagpur
In a momentous occasion that bridged Silicon Valley and the prestigious halls of Indian academia, Google
and Alphabet CEO Sundar Pichai and his wife Anjali Pichai were honoured by their alma mater, the Indian
Institute of Technology (IT) Kharagpur. The ceremony, held in San Francisco, marked a significant milestone
in the couple's already illustrious careers and underscored the global impact of India's premier technological
institutes.

IIT Hyderabad Develops High-Capacity Drones for Disaster Relief

IIT Hyderabad has developed a drone capable of assisting in disaster relief operations, particularly in areas
inaccessible to helicopters. The drone has successfully undergone testing and can carry a weight of up to 60
kg. Additionally, a project to develop a drone that can transport up to 100 kg is currently in the pilot phase,
with efforts underway to complete it swiftly.

Smart Laboratory on Clean Rivers (SLCR) in Varanasi

The Green Strategic Partnership between the Governments of India and Denmark has fostered significant
collaboration leading to the establishment of the Smart Laboratory on Clean Rivers (SLCR) in Varanasi. The
alliance is a unique tripartite initiative between Government of India (Department of Water Resources, River
Development and Ganga Rejuvenation), the Indian Institute of Technology - Banaras Hindu University (IT-
BHU), and Government of Denmark, to bring excellence in small river rejuvenation and management. The
SLCR aims to leverage the expertise of both nations to rejuvenate the river Varuna using sustainable
approaches. Its objectives include creating a collaborative platform for government bodies, knowledge
institutions and local communities to share insights and develop solutions for clean river water. The initiative
features a hybrid lab model at the IIT-BHU and an on-field living lab at the Varuna River to test and scale
solutions in real-world settings. The SLCR has a robust institutional and appraisal mechanism built into it to
ensure the necessary due diligence, rigor in its functioning and for ensuring excellence in river management.
HISTORY-HERITAGE-CULTURE
3,000-Year-Old Dolmen Tomb Discovered in Nalgonda District
A 3,000-year-old dolmen tomb from the Iron Age has been identified on Rameshwargutta, near the outskirts
of Rahmantapur village in Gundlapalli mandal, Nalgonda district. These ancient burial sites, which date back
to around 1,000 BCE, are gradually disappearing due to quarry activities. The newly discovered tomb is

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located near the Kakatiya-era Trikutalaya on a mound. It features a large granite slab measuring 25 feet long,
18 feet wide, and 1.5 feet thick, supported by a row of stones standing five feet high, with an entrance on one
side.

Petroglyphs & Geoglyphs: Maharashtra Declares Rock Arts in Ratnagiri as 'Protected Monuments’
The Maharashtra Government has declared Petroglyphs and Geoglyphs (rock arts) in Ratnagiri as 'Protected
Monuments' under the Maharashtra Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 1960.
* Geoglyphs and Petroglyphs are the different types of ancient art forms which includes the creation of images
or designs on the earth's surface or rock surfaces.
* Ratnagiri has almost 1,500 such artworks spread across 70 sites, seven of which are on the United Nations
Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)'s tentative list.
BOOKS & AUTHORS
Book Launch Spotlight: '75 Great Revolutionaries of India’
Rajya Sabha Deputy Chairman Harivansh Narayan Singh attended the launch of '75 Great Revolutionaries of
India,' a book by MP Bhim Singh. Singh praised the work for highlighting lesser-known freedom fighters.
The book aims to inspire a developed India by recognizing historical sacrifices.

Piyush Goyal Launches 'India@100': A Vision for India's Economic Future

Union Minister of Commerce and Industry, Piyush Goyal, unveiled a significant publication that charts India's
economic trajectory towards 2047. The book, titled "India@100: Envisioning Tomorrow's Economic
Powerhouse", authored by Prof. K V Subramanian, was launched at a high-profile event in New Delhi. This
launch marks a pivotal moment in India's discourse on economic development and its aspirations to become
a developed nation by its centenary year of independence.

Tarun Chugh's book, "Modi's Governance Triumph Released

A significant literary event took place in New Delhi with the release of BJP General Secretary Tarun Chugh's
book, "Modi's Governance Triumph: Reshaping India's Path to Prosperity". The book launch was graced by
the presence of prominent political figures, including Home Minister Amit Shah and Coal and Mines Minister
G. Kishan Reddy, underscoring the importance of this literary work in India's political discourse.

Autobiography of Wrestler Sakshi: 'Witness'

Sakshi Malik, one of India's most prominent female wrestlers, known for her fierce performances and
resilience, is now set to share her life story in her own words. Her autobiography, titled "Witness," will soon
be available in bookstores, with its release scheduled for October. The book, authored by Jonathan Selvaraj
and published by Juggernaut Books, offers a glimpse into her journey from the wrestling arenas of Delhi,
where she once fought with a scar on her neck, to her rise as a national icon.

Soumya Swaminathan Releases Autobiography of Activist Kalpana Sankar

In a significant event celebrating women's empowerment and social entrepreneurship, Dr. Kalpana Sankar's
autobiography, "The Scientist Entrepreneur: Empowering Millions of Women", was unveiled at Cathedral
Road. The book launch brought together notable figures from various fields, highlighting the impact of
grassroots initiatives on women's economic and community empowerment development.

India Celebrates National Space Day with Launch of 'Sapno ki Udaan' E-Magazine
On India's inaugural National Space Day, the nation witnessed a significant educational milestone with the
release of 'Sapno ki Udaan', an innovative e-magazine. This launch, spearheaded by Union Education Minister
Dharmendra Pradhan, marks a fusion of science, creativity, and education, aimed at inspiring the next
generation of Indian students.

Indian Air Force Launches First Comic Book Series Celebrating Its Heroes
In a groundbreaking initiative to inspire and educate the youth about the rich history and heroic deeds of the
Indian Air Force (IAF), Air Chief Marshal V R Chaudhari has launched the first comic book in a series

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dedicated to IAF heroes. This innovative approach to storytelling marks a significant step in the IAF's efforts
to connect with younger generations and foster a sense of pride and duty towards the nation.
DEFENCE-EXERCISES
Exercise Udara Shakti 2024: Strengthening Indo-Malaysian Air Force Cooperation
The bilateral air exercise "Udara Shakti 2024" between the Indian Air Force (IAF) and the Royal Malaysian
Air Force (RMAF) concluded successfully on August 9, 2024.
This exercise, hosted by the RMAF at its base in Kuantan, Malaysia, marked a significant milestone in military
cooperation between the two nations.

India- sri lanka joint military exercise mitra shakti commences in maduru oya, sri lanka
The 10th edition of India- Sri Lanka Joint Military Exercise MITRA SHAKTI commenced today, at Army
Training School, Maduru Oya, Sri Lanka. The Exercise is scheduled to be conducted from 12th to 25th August
2024.
Indian contingent comprising of 106 personnel is being represented by a Battalion of Rajputana Rifles along
with personnel from other arms and services. The Sri Lankan contingent is being represented by personnel
from Gajaba Regiment of Sri Lankan Army. Joint Exercise MITRA SHAKTI is an annual training event
conducted alternatively in India and Sri Lanka. Last edition was conducted in Pune in Nov 2023.

Indian Army Conducts 'Parvat Prahaar' Exercise in Ladakh

The Indian Army has conducted a strategic military exercise, 'Parvat Prahaar', in Ladakh, focusing on high-
altitude warfare and operations. This exercise is crucial for maintaining the readiness and effectiveness of the
Army in the region, which is close to the India-China border.

Tarang Shakti-2024: India's First Multi-Nation Air Exercise

India is hosting its first multi-nation air exercise, "Tarang Shakti-2024," in two phases. The first phase will
take place in Tamil Nadu from August 6 to 14, and the second phase will be held in Jodhpur, Rajasthan, from
August 29 to September 14. Around 30 countries are expected to participate in this exercise, with 10 countries
directly participating and others joining as observers. This marks a significant step in India's efforts to enhance
international military cooperation and strengthen its defense capabilities.

DRDO Successfully Tests MP-ATGM

The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully conducted a key test of the Man
Portable Anti-Tank Guided Missile (MP-ATGM) on August 13. The test took place at a field firing range in
Jaisalmer, Rajasthan, and a video of the test was released by DRDO officials. The MP-ATGM is an
indigenously developed weapon system, designed and produced under the "Make in India" initiative. It
demonstrated its capability to engage targets in various flight conditions. The MP-ATGM system comprises
a launcher, a target acquisition system, and a fire control unit.

Manufacturing of Astra Mark-1 Missiles Approved

Indian Air Force Deputy Chief, Air Marshal Ashutosh Dixit, has granted Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL) in
Hyderabad permission to manufacture Astra Mark-1 missiles. With this approval, the Indian Air Force is set
to receive 200 Astra Mark-1 missiles. Developed by the Defense Research and Development Organization
(DRDO), this air-to-air missile is designed to target and destroy enemy aircraft. BDL has been designated as
the production agency for these missiles.
The Defense Acquisition Council of the Ministry of Defense had sanctioned the Astra Mark-1 missile
development project at a cost of Rs. 2,900 crore for 2022-23. With the completion of all testing and
development work, the missile has now been approved for production.
Astra Mark-1 missiles are compatible with Russia's Sukhoi-30 and India's Tejas aircraft to target enemy
threats.
Preparations are underway to test-fire the Astra Mark-2 missile, which boasts a range of 130 km. Additionally,
plans are in motion to test and develop a long-range Astra missile with a strike range of 300 km.

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NAL Unveils Indigenous Kamikaze Drone
The National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL) has introduced a state-of-the-art, indigenously developed
'Kamikaze' drone. This innovative unmanned aerial vehicle is designed to perform its tasks in a "do and die"
manner, effectively completing missions by sacrificing itself to destroy selected targets. It utilizes engines
developed within India and has the capability to fly up to 1,000 kilometers in a single operation.
NAL Director Dr. Abhayan Pashilkar highlighted the potential of these Kamikaze drones as game-changers
in 21st-century warfare. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) has granted preliminary
approval for this project. Such drones have been used extensively in recent conflicts, such as the Russia-
Ukraine and Israel-Hamas wars, where Ukraine's army deployed them against Russian troops and armored
vehicles.
Features of 'Kamikaze' Drone:
Dimensions: 2.8 meters long, 3.5 meters wide
Weight: 120 kg
Speed: Up to 180 km per hour
Range: Up to 1,000 km
Payload Capacity: Can carry 25 kg of explosives
Operation: Designed for suicide missions to destroy selected targets
Command Capabilities: Can be controlled remotely from a distance
Deployment: Can be launched in groups against enemy targets
What Does 'Kamikaze' Mean?
'Kamikaze' is a Japanese term that translates to "divine wind." It was used during World War II to describe a
special attack unit of military pilots who conducted suicide missions by crashing their aircraft into enemy
targets.

ITBP Successfully Tests Typhoon Vehicle

The Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) has successfully tested the powerful Typhoon vehicle at the Transport
Battalion in Chandigarh. The KAMAZ 53949 Typhoon K is a 4x4 Mine Resistant Ambush Protected (MRAP)
vehicle manufactured in Russia, designed to transport soldiers safely in hostile environments. This robust
vehicle is built to withstand blasts equivalent to 8 kg of TNT, ensuring maximum protection for the personnel
on board.

DRDO Successfully Test Long Range Glide Bomb 'GAURAV' From Su-30 MK-1
The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) on August 13, 2024,successfully carried out
the maiden flight test of the long-range glide bomb (LRGB)Gaurav from a Su-30 MK-I fighter jet of the Indian
Air Force.

Ukraine Deploys 'Bad One' Robot Dogs on the Battlefield

Amidst the ongoing war crisis, Ukraine has unveiled a new weapon, the robot dog named 'Bad One'.
Developed in response to a severe shortage of military personnel, these robot dogs are expected to play a vital
role in military operations. Reports indicate that they will soon be deployed in the Ukrainian army, primarily
for military surveillance and high-risk operations such as detecting landmines. Additionally, the 'Bad One' can
carry up to seven kilograms of ammunition or weapons and transport a medical kit to assist injured soldiers
on the battlefield.

INS Arighat: New Nuclear Submarine Joins India's Naval Arsenal

India has commissioned another nuclear submarine, INS Arighat, into its naval fleet. The second submarine
of the Arihant class, INS Arighat was inducted by Defense Minister Rajnath Singh at a ceremony at the
Visakha Naval Dockyard on August 29.
Key Features of INS Arighat:
Length: 111.6 meters
Width: 11 meters
Draft: 9.5 meters

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Weight: 6,000 tons
Speed: 12–15 nautical miles per hour on the surface, 24 nautical miles per hour submerged
Construction: Navy Ship Building Center, Visakhapatnam
Special Features: Equipped with a sonar communication system, torpedoes, submarine-launched ballistic
missiles, Panchendriya Unified Sonar Submarine, and a marine communication and control system
Missile Range: Capable of launching ballistic missiles with a range of 750 kilometers

India to Ink Repeat Order for 73,000 SiG 716 Rifles from the US
The Indian Defence Ministry is finalizing a repeat order for 73,000 SiG 716 G2 patrol assault rifles from the
US to equip its frontline troops. This follows a 2019 procurement of 72,400 SiG 716 rifles (7.62 x 51mm
calibre) under the 'Buy (Global)' category through a fast-track procedure, which were distributed across the
Army, Air Force, and Navy.

India to Add Third Nuclear Submarine to Navy in Next Six Months

India is advancing its efforts to strengthen the Navy with the upcoming addition of its third nuclear submarine,
INS Aridaman. Following the recent induction of the second nuclear submarine, INS Arighat, into the naval
fleet, INS Aridaman is expected to join within the next six months. Currently undergoing sea trials, INS
Aridaman is larger than its predecessors and is being constructed with a length of 125 meters and a weight of
7,000 tons.
Alongside INS Aridaman, another nuclear submarine is also under construction, both designed to carry more
K-4 missiles than the earlier submarines. These four submarines, including INS Arihant and INS Arighat, are
part of the Advanced Technology Vessel (ATV) project, launched secretly in 1990, with a project cost of Rs.
90,000 crores. While these Indian submarines are smaller than those of the U.S., Russia, and China, they
represent a significant step in bolstering India's maritime defense capabilities. The six Jin series submarines
used by China, for instance, are equipped with JL-3 missiles capable of striking targets up to 10,000 kilometers
away.

2,500 Crore Anti-Pollution Ship 'Samudra Pratap' Handed Over to Coast Guard
On August 29, Minister of State for Defense Sanjay Seth handed over the special ship Samudra Pratap, built
by Goa Shipbuilding Center (GSL) at a cost of Rs 2,500 crore, to the Indian Coast Guard. The ship, designed
to control ocean pollution, was built with 72% of its components sourced domestically under the Atmanirbhar
initiative. Samudra Pratap is equipped with advanced technology to eliminate pollutants, particularly oil waste,
protecting marine life and maintaining clean sea waters. The Coast Guard's vital role in safeguarding the coast
was also acknowledged during the ceremony.

India Successfully Conducts Night Trial of Prithvi-2 Ballistic Missile

India has successfully test-fired its nuclear-capable ballistic missile, Prithvi-2, from a defense platform along
the Odisha coast on August 22 at 7:46 PM. Developed by the Defence Research and Development
Organisation (DRDO) using fully indigenous technology, this successful night trial marks a significant
milestone in India's strategic defense capabilities.
The Prithvi-2 missile, a vital part of India's nuclear arsenal, is capable of hitting targets up to 350 km with
high accuracy and has an additional capability to carry various types of weapons. The recent night trial,
supervised by the Strategic Forces Command (SFC), showcases India's progress in indigenous missile
technology and its commitment to enhancing its defense capabilities in all conditions.
Types of Prithvi Missiles:
Prithvi-1: A single-stage, liquid-propellant ballistic missile with a range of 250 km, inducted into the Indian
Army in 1994.
Prithvi-2: A single-stage, liquid-fueled missile with a range of 350 km, handed over to the army in 2003.
Prithvi-3: A two-stage, surface-to-surface missile capable of carrying payloads between 500-1000 kg,
including conventional and nuclear warheads, first tested in 2000.
These missiles were developed under India's Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP),
launched in 1983.

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Indian Air Force Launches First Comic Book Series Celebrating Its Heroes
In a groundbreaking initiative to inspire and educate the youth about the rich history and heroic deeds of the
Indian Air Force (IAF), Air Chief Marshal V R Chaudhari has launched the first comic book in a series
dedicated to IAF heroes. This innovative approach to storytelling marks a significant step in the IAF's efforts
to connect with younger generations and foster a sense of pride and duty towards the nation.

AI Robot Developed to Detect and Shoot Enemies from 2 km Away

Engineering students from the Gorakhpur Institute of Technology and Management (GIDA) in Uttar Pradesh
have developed an AI-powered robot capable of detecting and shooting enemies from a distance of 2 km. The
robot, made from steel, fiber, and other metals, was developed at a cost of Rs 1.8 lakh. The prototype is set to
be sent to the Defense Ministry for potential use on the country's borders.

INS Tabar Conducts Maritime Partnership Exercise with Spanish Navy Ship Atalaya
INS Tabar, a frontline frigate of the Indian Navy, visited Malaga, Spain, on 25 August 2024, for a two-day
engagement.Upon departure on 27 August, it participated in a Maritime Partnership Exercise (MPX) with the
Spanish Navy Ship Atalaya in the Mediterranean Sea. This exercise is a significant milestone in the growing
maritime cooperation between India and Spain, reflecting the strengthening of bilateral relations in the
maritime domain.

Indian Army Launches Project NAMAN: SPARSH-Enabled Service Centres Nationwide

The Indian Army has launched the first phase of Project NAMAN, aimed at providing dedicated support and
services to Defence pensioners, veterans, and their families. The project, inaugurated by Chief of the Army
Staff General Upendra Dwivedi and the President of the Army Wives Welfare Association, Mrs. Sunita
Dwivedi, is a significant step toward enhancing the care and support for the Defence community.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
ISRO's Successful SSLV-D3 Launch
The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) achieved another milestone with the successful launch of the
SSLV-D3 rocket on the morning of August 16 from the Sriharikota (SHAR) center in Tirupati district. The
rocket was launched from the first launch pad, successfully placing the EOS-08 satellite into orbit.
Details of the EOS-08 Satellite:
Type: Earth Observation Satellite
Purpose: To build a microsatellite and develop research instruments for monitoring various phenomena.
Instruments Onboard:
Electro Optical Infrared Payload (EOIR): For detailed imaging.
Global Navigation Satellite System-Reflectometry Payload (GNSS-R): For monitoring environmental
conditions.
SIC UV Dosimeter: To measure UV radiation levels.
These instruments will be utilized to monitor natural disasters, environmental changes, and volcanic activity.

ISRO's EOS-08 Satellite Launch: Marking 55 Years of Space Exploration

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is set to celebrate its 55th foundation day on August 16,
2024, with a significant milestone - the launch of the Earth Observation Satellite-08 (EOS-08). This event not
only commemorates ISRO's long-standing contribution to space science but also showcases India's growing
India Selects Crew for Axiom-4 Mission to ISS India has announced the selection of two astronauts, Group
Captain Shubhanshu Shukla and Group Captain Prasanth Balakrishnan Nair, for the upcoming Axiom-4
mission to the International Space Station (ISS). This mission represents significant step in strengthening
human spaceflight cooperation between ISRO and NASA, as well as advancing India's own human space
program.

Gold and Platinum Deposits Found on Asteroid 16 Psyche

NASA scientists have discovered significant deposits of gold, platinum, and nickel on asteroid 16 Psyche, a
140-mile-wide planetary fragment located between Mars and Jupiter. The Psyche mission, launched by NASA

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on October 13, 2023, aims to reach this asteroid by 2029. Initial investigations have revealed the presence of
these valuable metals, which could offer new insights into the composition and origins of planetary bodies in
our solar system.

Subhanshu Shukla Selected for Indo-US Space Station Mission

Group Captain Subhanshu Shukla has been chosen by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) for the
Indo-US mission to the International Space Station (ISS). In case Subhanshu Shukla is unable to participate
in the mission, Group Captain Prashant Balakrishnan Nair will serve as the backup astronaut.
ISRO's Human Space Flight Center has partnered with NASA-accredited Axiom Space Company to facilitate
this mission. Both astronauts will be part of the upcoming Axiom-4 mission to the ISS.

MEA and NSIL Sign MoU for Launch of Nepalese Munal Satellite
The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) and New Space India Limited (NSIL), the commercial arm of ISRO,
have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to facilitate the launch of Nepal's Munal satellite. The
MoU was formalized on Saturday, with Anurag Srivastava, Joint Secretary (North) from MEA, and
Arunachalam A, Director from NSIL, representing their respective organizations.

Establishing a "Life Bank" on the Moon to Save Endangered Species

Scientists have proposed creating a "life bank" on the Moon to preserve one million species currently facing
extinction. As humanity takes steps towards establishing habitation on the Moon, the plan is to transfer cells
from endangered organisms to the lunar surface for safekeeping. The initiative involves freezing DNA, seeds,
cells, and tissues using liquid nitrogen and transporting them to the Moon, where the surface temperatures
range from -180 to -230 degrees Celsius. Scientists believe these extreme temperatures will help keep the
biomaterials safe, preserving them for future generations.

Discovery of Water on Mars: A Significant Finding in Search for Life

New research has uncovered crucial evidence in the search for life on Mars: traces of water have been
identified on the Martian surface, which is essential for sustaining life. Data from NASA's Mars InSight lander,
which was deployed to Mars in 2018, has revealed signs of water located between 11.5 km to 20 km below
the planet's surface. The lander, which has been recording seismic data for four years, has provided insights
that suggest water may have seeped down from the surface to these depths.
This finding is a significant development in understanding the potential habitability of Mars, offering hope
that life-sustaining conditions might exist on the Red Planet.

Big Bang Theory Under Scrutiny: New Research Challenges Existing Understanding
The origin of the universe continues to be one of science's most elusive questions. While the widely accepted
Big Bang theory posits that the universe began with a massive explosion, leading to elementary particles
colliding with each other with the aid of particles called bosons, recent research suggests this theory may be
flawed. Researchers from King's College London argue that if the Big Bang theory were accurate, the universe
would have ceased to exist immediately after its inception. This implies that current theories about the
universe's origin could be fundamentally incorrect, missing crucial elements that prevent us from
understanding what caused the universe to come into being.
According to these findings, there are gaps in our current understanding of physics, and the mystery of how
the universe appeared remains unresolved.

Domestic Vaccine for Dengue Prevention

A domestic vaccine for preventing dengue fever, known as 'DengiAll,' may soon be available. Developed by
Panacea Biotech in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), the vaccine has
entered Phase III clinical trials. 'DengiAll' is a tetravalent vaccine, designed to provide protection against all
four strains of the dengue virus. The vaccine was recently administered to a participant at the Pandit Bhagwat
Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences in Rohtak.

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AI-Assisted Prostate Cancer Diagnosis
Naoki Takahashi, a researcher at the Mayo Clinic in the U.S., has demonstrated that artificial intelligence (AI)
can aid in the early detection of prostate cancer. He emphasized that AI should function as an assistant to
experienced radiologists rather than as a standalone diagnostic tool. Prostate cancer diagnosis relies heavily
on MRI scans, which require skilled radiologists to interpret accurately. A high PI-RADS (Prostate Imaging-
Reporting and Data System) score from an MRI indicates a greater risk of prostate cancer, but diagnosing the
disease still depends on expert judgment. Takahashi noted that while AI can be helpful, it is not yet equipped
to independently handle the complexities of such diagnoses.

Breakthrough in Cartilage Regeneration for Joints

Scientists at Northwestern University in the United States have developed a new bioactive substance to address
the challenge of repairing damaged cartilage in joints. This innovative material is a complex network that
mimics the properties of natural cartilage. When introduced into the knee of an animal with damaged cartilage,
it began repairing within six months, showing signs of new cartilage growth. The regenerated cartilage
contains natural biopolymers, offering potential relief from joint pain and a promising solution for those
suffering from cartilage damage.

Electric Bandage for Faster Healing of Severe Injuries

Scientists at North Carolina State University have developed an "electric bandage" designed to help heal
stubborn wounds, particularly in diabetic patients. These innovative bandages use electric stimulation to
promote faster recovery, healing severe wounds and ulcers up to 30% quicker than conventional bandages,
offering significant relief for those with chronic injuries.

AI Aids in Defeating Stubborn Bacteria

Scientists at the University of Texas in the US have leveraged artificial intelligence (AI) to design new
antibiotics capable of killing resistant bacteria effectively. Initial experiments on animals have shown
promising results, paving the way for broader application in developing new drugs.
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria have become more prevalent over recent years, causing significant challenges in
treating dangerous infections. To combat this, Texas University researchers utilized an AI model called the
Large Language Model (LLM) to discover methods for modifying the antibiotic protegrin-1.
Protegrin-1, naturally produced by pigs to fight infections, is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) that kills bacteria
by disrupting their cell membranes. However, it is also harmful to human cells. Using AI, scientists developed
a safer version of Protegrin-1, named "bacterially selective protegrin-1.2," which targets bacterial cells more
selectively without harming human cells.

Blood Test for Diagnosing Male Infertility

Japanese researchers from the Toho University School of Medicine have developed a new AI-based system
that makes traditional sperm testing for male infertility unnecessary. This innovative approach uses a simple
blood test to diagnose male infertility. The AI model analyzes levels of various hormones in the blood, such
as FSH, LH, PRL, Total Testosterone, and E2, achieving 74 percent accuracy in detecting male infertility. It
can also identify azoospermia, a condition of no sperm production, with 100 percent accuracy in some cases.

3D Printed Band-Aid for the Heart

An innovation in medical bandages is set to revolutionize the treatment of the heart and other body parts.
Researchers from the University of Colorado and Pennsylvania have developed a novel material compatible
with human tissues, ideal for 3D printing. This material mimics the strength and elasticity of natural tissues,
allowing for more effective healing.
The new method, known as "continuous curing after light exposure aided by redox initiation," could pave the
way for advanced medical applications, such as drug-infused heart bandages, cartilage patches, and needle-
free wound closure devices.

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Prime Minister Modi Unveils High-Yielding Crop Varieties
Prime Minister Narendra Modi has introduced 109 new high-yielding crop varieties that can withstand drought
and waterlogging. Developed by ICAR, these seeds span 61 crops, including food, commercial, and
horticultural varieties, aimed at boosting farmers' productivity and income.

Highlights:
Crop Diversity: New varieties include pulses, cereals, oilseeds, fruits, and medicinal plants.
Focus on Sustainable Farming: Emphasis on natural and organic farming, with value addition to meet
population needs.
Awareness Promotion: Krishi Vigyan Kendras will educate farmers on the latest agricultural techniques.

'Pusa Gaurav' - A Game-Changer for Soft Chapatis and Delicious Pasta

'Pusa Gehu Gaurav,' a twist in durum wheat perfect for making soft chapatis and delicious pasta, was
developed by Dr. Jung Bahadur Singh, Principal Scientist and Regional Center Director at the Indian
Agricultural Research Institute. Prime Minister Narendra Modi recently dedicated 109 crop varieties capable
of withstanding climate change to the nation, and Pusa Gaurav is among them.
Key Highlights of Pusa Gaurav:
Versatile Use: Durum wheat, known for its use in pasta, semolina, and vermicelli, is a staple worldwide. Pusa
Gaurav is a variant of the durum wheat species.
Water Absorption: This wheat variety absorbs more water than standard durum wheat, resulting in softer
chapatis.
Resilience: Despite challenges like rising temperatures and reduced irrigation water due to climate change,
Pusa Gaurav delivers a good yield, ranging from 30.2 to 39.9 quintals per hectare.
Adaptability: Suitable for cultivation in South and Central India, even with limited irrigation.
Dr. Singh noted that Pusa Gaurav is already popular among national and international customers, owing to its
excellent qualities and versatility in various culinary applications.

Three New Varieties Introduced by NG Ranga Agricultural University

NG Ranga Agricultural University has launched three new crop varieties (Vangadas) designed to withstand
changing climatic conditions and deliver higher yields. These varieties are among the 109 crops released
nationally by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, showcasing the innovative developments made by the
university's scientists. The new varieties include Nandyala Gram for desi gram, Lam Pesara for green gram,
and ICAR Konark (TCGS 1707) for groundnut. Dr. R. Sharada Jayalakshmidevi, Vice Chancellor of the
university, provided details on these new crops on August 12.
Characteristics of the New Varieties:
Nandyala Gram (NBEG 1267):
Suitable Season: Rabi
Crop Duration: 90 to 95 days
Yield: 20.95 quintals per hectare
Resistance: Resistant to dry rot
Special Features: Suitable for machine harvesting; can be cultivated with protected irrigation
Protein Content: 15.96%
Regions: Suitable for cultivation in Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu
ICAR Konark (TCGS-1707):
Suitable Season: Kharif
Crop Duration: 110 to 115 days
Yield: 24.75 quintals per hectare
Resistance: Resistant to sap-sucking insects; moderately resistant to leaf spot, root rot, stem borer
Pod Yield: 70-75%
Oil Yield: 49%
Seed Details: 100 seeds weigh 40 to 45 grams, containing 29% protein; high water efficiency; pale pink seeds;
uniform pod ripening

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Lam Pesara (LGG 610):
Suitable Season: Rabi
Crop Duration: 74 days
Yield: 11.17 quintals per hectare
Resistance: Resistant to yellow mosaic virus
Special Features: Suitable for machine cutting; suitable for both paddy fields and hilly areas
Protein Content: 23.16%
Regions: Suitable for cultivation in Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala, and Odisha
These new crop varieties are tailored to improve productivity and resilience across various regions, enhancing
agricultural sustainability.

Medicinal Plants Discovered on Gaya Hills

Scientists have identified a range of medicinal plants on Mount Brahmayoni in Gaya, Bihar, including the
plant Gurmar, known for its anti-diabetic properties. Researchers from the Council of Scientific and Industrial
Research (CSIR) are utilizing Gurmar to develop a drug called BGR-34 to treat diabetes.
Gurmar contains gymnemic acid, which blocks the receptor sites on the lining of the intestine, effectively
reducing cravings for sweets. This, in turn, helps lower blood sugar levels, making it a promising component
in diabetes management.

Medicinal Properties of Cannabis Plant Unveiled by Washington State University

Researchers at Washington State University have recently uncovered new insights into the medicinal
properties of the cannabis plant. According to a study published in a scientific journal, different parts of the
cannabis plant, such as the stem and flower, contain substances known as psychoactive compounds. One of
these compounds, 'cannabigerol' (CBG), was tested in human trials, yielding surprising results.
When CBG was administered to 34 subjects, the study revealed a significant reduction in anxiety and stress
levels. Additionally, the scientists observed notable improvements in memory among the participants.

World Could End Sometime After 2050 Due to Climate Change

Researchers have issued a stark warning that the end of the world, driven by climate change, could be closer
than anticipated. They suggest that a series of catastrophic events may begin any time after 2050 and could
unfold over the next 6,000 years. According to a team from the Technical University of Munich and the
Potsdam Climate Impact Research Institute, the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) system
is likely to collapse within the next fifteen years, severely impacting ecosystems and human societies.
What is AMOC?
The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is a critical ocean system that transports warm
surface water from the Southern Hemisphere to the colder North Atlantic. This system helps regulate global
temperatures by preventing the Southern Hemisphere from overheating and the Northern Hemisphere from
freezing. It also plays a vital role in distributing life-sustaining nutrients throughout marine ecosystems.
However, due to increased greenhouse gas emissions and ice melting, the AMOC is weakening. Researcher
Maya Ben-Yami emphasized, "Our study is a wake-up call, a warning. Some impacts may already be
irreversible. We must delve deeper into the data to better understand these critical systems."

3,000 Feet High Batteries for Power Storage

Innovative attempts to build skyscraper-like batteries are underway to address power storage challenges.
These towering structures could soon become the tallest in the world. A collaboration between Skidmore,
Owings & Merrill (SOM), renowned for designing the Burj Khalifa and One World Trade Center, and Energy
Vault, a company specializing in electricity storage, aims to construct these monumental battery blocks.
Key Features:
Height: The planned skyscrapers will range from 985 to 3,300 feet.
Purpose: These structures will store renewable electricity and supply it when demand is high. Conversely,
excess electricity generated during low demand periods will be stored in these batteries.
Existing Projects: Energy Vault has already installed a 492-foot electricity storage system in China.

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Currently, the Burj Khalifa, standing at 2,717 feet, is the tallest building globally. However, these new battery
skyscrapers could surpass even this iconic structure.

Radioactive Material 'Californium' Seized in Bihar

Gopalganj police in Bihar have seized a highly valuable radioactive substance, Californium, weighing
approximately 50 grams, valued at around Rs. 850 crores in the international market.
Uses of Californium:
Metal Detection: Employed in portable metal detectors to identify gold, silver, and other precious metals.
Corrosion Assessment: Used to evaluate metal corrosion in aircraft.
Fuel Well Analysis: Helps detect water and oil layers in fuel wells.
Nuclear Reactors: Acts as a neutron source to start nuclear reactors.
Industrial Applications: Used in coal-fired power plants, cancer treatment, and oil drilling.
Californium’s versatility and high value make it a critical resource in various industrial and medical fields.

Genetic Origins of Colon Cancer Uncovered

British scientists have made significant progress in understanding the genetic origins of colon cancer, paving
the way for developing new treatment methods.
Genomes Project Findings:
Genetic mutations within the cells of the body are a key factor in the development of some cancers, including
colon cancer. Despite its high mortality rate worldwide, scientists have not fully understood the genetic
changes associated with this disease. To address this gap, British researchers analyzed data from 2,023 cases
of intestinal cancer as part of the "Genomes Project."
This research has uncovered several newly identified genetic defects that contribute to colon cancer. The study
revealed that over 250 genes play a crucial role in the disease, and it also identified different subtypes of colon
cancer that respond variably to treatments. This deeper understanding of the disease's genetic mutations
provides valuable insights into how the cancer spreads.
By targeting these specific genetic mutations, scientists hope to develop more effective and personalized
treatments for colon cancer.

Realme Unveils 5-Minute Full Charging Technology

Smartphones have become an essential part of daily life, and running out of battery can be frustrating. To
address this, Chinese smartphone manufacturer Realme has developed a groundbreaking fast-charging
technology. According to market sources, the company has created a new technology capable of charging a
smartphone to 100 percent in just 5 minutes.
This innovative technology, boasting a 300 W charging capacity (Wook), will be showcased at the 'Tech
Festival' in Shenzhen starting from August 13. Realme announced on social media platform 'X' that it aims to
set a record in fast charging. With this technology, smartphones can reach 50 percent charge in three minutes
and 100 percent in just five minutes.

ISRO's Gaganyaan Mission to Include Flies Alongside Astronauts

ISRO has made a key decision regarding the upcoming Gaganyaan mission, scheduled for 2025. The mission
will send four astronauts and 20 fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) into space. The team will include 10
male and 10 female fruit flies, selected to monitor the health changes of astronauts more closely during space
travel.
Gaganyaan Astronauts:
Prashant Balakrishnan Nair
Angad Pratap
Ajith Krishnan
Subhanshu Shukla

Chandrayaan-3 Research Data Now Available for Global Scientists

The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) has made the research data collected by the Chandrayaan-3

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mission available to international scientists for analysis. This initiative marks the one-year anniversary of the
spacecraft's landing near the South Pole of the Moon. A total of 55 gigabytes of data, collected by five
scientific instruments on the Vikram Lander and Pragyan Rover of Chandrayaan-3, has been released. ISRO
Chairman S. Somnath announced that this data can be accessed through the Indian Space Science Data Center
(ISSDC) website.

Chandrayaan-3 Confirms Moon's Surface Was Once a Liquid Ocean

Data from ISRO's Chandrayaan-3 mission has confirmed that the entire surface of the Moon was once a liquid
ocean of magma. This finding, supported by studies from Ahmedabad's Physical Research Laboratory and
other institutions, was published in the journal Nature. While NASA's Apollo and the Soviet Union's Luna
missions previously suggested the presence of magma in the Moon's mid-latitude regions, Chandrayaan-3's
Pragyan rover provided new data from the Moon's South Pole, revealing that magma once existed there as
well.
Researchers also discovered that the Moon's surface is composed primarily of a single rock type, ferron
anorthosite (FAN). This supports the hypothesis that the Moon formed from a collision between two
protoplanets, which generated intense heat, melting the surface and creating a magma ocean.

Chinese Scientists Extract Fresh Water from Lunar Soil

Chinese scientists have conducted a groundbreaking experiment to make the Moon more habitable for humans
by creating water sources. Researchers from the Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering
of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) have successfully extracted water from lunar soil collected during
the Chang'e-5 mission. The soil was heated to over 1,200 Kelvin, allowing the scientists to extract water
through a special process. They estimate that one tonne of lunar soil can produce approximately 500 liters of
drinking water. Furthermore, this water can be separated into hydrogen and oxygen, which are essential for
human survival.

National Space Day: August 23, 2024

Inauguration: In 2023, the Central Government declared August 23 as National Space Day, celebrating the
success of ISRO's Chandrayaan-3 mission, which launched on July 14.
2024 Theme: "Touching Lives While Touching the Moon"
India's Role in the Global Space Economy:
Current Share: India's contribution to the international space economy stands at 2% (approximately $8
billion). This is projected to rise to 8% ($44 billion) by 2033.
Global Impact: The World Economic Forum forecasts that the space industry will add $1.8 trillion to global
GDP by 2035.
Market Growth: With the satellite market expected to reach $4,730 billion by 2032, India aims to capitalize
on this sector.
Future Plans:
Space Station: India plans to construct a space station by 2035.
Moon Landing: An Indian moon landing program is set for 2040.
Educational Initiatives:
Advanced Certification Program: The Indian Institute of Science (IISC), Bangalore, has launched a six-
month Advanced Certification Program in Space Science. This program is designed to equip students with the
knowledge needed for the space age. It is open to engineering and science graduates with at least 50% marks
and one year of work experience.
Economic Contributions:
• Satellite Launch Revenue: India has generated $17.40 crore from launching foreign satellites.
Strategic Activities:
• Indian Ocean Presence: India's activities in the Indo-Pacific region are expanding, with a specialized
satellite surveillance system to monitor regional movements.
• Global Satellite Systems: In response to global satellite navigation systems—America's GPS,

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 Russia's GLONASS, Europe's Galileo, and China's BeiDou—India has developed its own naval
system.
Artemis Agreements:
• Purpose: The Artemis agreements signed between India and the US aim to promote the peaceful use
of outer space and benefit civilians.
• Goals: These agreements target returning astronauts to the moon by 2025 and establishing a lunar
space station by 2029.

'Sapno ki Udaan' E-Magazine

On India's inaugural National Space Day, the nation witnessed a significant educational milestone with the
release of 'Sapno ki Udaan', an innovative e-magazine. This launch, spearheaded by Union Education Minister
Dharmendra Pradhan, marks a fusion of science, creativity, and education, aimed at inspiring the next
generation of Indian students.

ISRO at Rocket Speed: Insights from Econ One and Euroconsult Report
Economic Impact: ISRO has been a significant boon to the national economy. For every rupee invested in
ISRO, the country gains Rs. 2.54.
Financial Contribution: Over the last decade, ISRO has contributed Rs. 4,98,000 crores to the economy.
GDP Contribution: In 2014, ISRO's contribution to the GDP was Rs. 31,540 crores. By 2023, this has
increased to Rs. 52,290 crores.
Employment: ISRO has created employment for 47 lakh people, including 96,000 direct jobs.
Rocket Launches: Over 55 years, ISRO has launched 97 rockets and placed 432 foreign satellites into orbit.
Investment Growth: ISRO's investments have seen a significant increase over ten years:
2014: Rs. 7,320 crores
2018: Rs. 58,100 crores
2023: Rs. 1,07,900 crores
Sector Impact: In the past decade, ISRO has added a gross product value of Rs. 4,98,000 crores to the GDP:
• Direct contribution: 39%
• Indirect contribution: 42%
Increased private sector involvement driven by ISRO: 19%

Two and a Half Times Profit for Every Rupee: ISRO's Economic Impact
Economic Return: ISRO returns Rs. 2.54 for every rupee spent, offering significant economic benefits through
both direct and indirect channels. This finding comes from a report by France’s Novaspace on the 'Social and
Economic Impact of Space Programs in India,' recently released by Union Minister Jitendra Singh.
Investment and Benefits: India has invested $13 billion in its space sector over the past decade, which has
generated $60 billion in economic benefits and created 4.7 million jobs.
Tax Revenue: The space programs have generated $24 billion in tax revenue.
Global Ranking: India ranks 8th globally in terms of space budget, with burgeoning seedling industries in
this sector.
Future Projections: Over the next ten years, India’s space sector could contribute between $89 billion and
$131 billion to the economy, depending on various conditions.
Beneficiaries: Satellite data supports 800,000 fishermen and provides weather warnings to 1.4 billion people.
Budget Comparison: The total amount spent by the Indian government on ISRO over the past 55 years is
less than NASA’s annual budget. Currently, ISRO’s annual budget stands at $1.6 billion compared to NASA’s
$25 billion.
Satellite Launches: By December 31, 2023, ISRO had launched 127 Indian satellites, including those from
private and educational institutions, and conducted three deep space missions. The value of 50 of these
satellites exceeds Rs. 50,000 crores.
Foreign Satellite Launches: ISRO has also launched 432 foreign satellites using 97 rockets.

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Shar's Role in ISRO's Achievements
1969: Sriharikota was designated as a rocket launch center.
1971: Experimental operations for the Rohini-125 sounding rocket commenced.
1969-1979: Establishment of essential facilities for experimental operations.
August 10, 1979: First successful launch of the Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV).
1987: SLV launches small satellites.
September 20, 1993: SLV experiments conducted from Sriharikota.
2001: SLV rocket launched to deploy heavier satellites.
2014: Introduction of the SLV-Mark 3 for more advanced missions.
August 7, 2022: Successful launch of the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV), marking a significant
commercial milestone.
Achievements: ISRO has developed six types of launch vehicles and conducted a total of 97 launches.

Hybrid Rocket Rumi-1 Successfully Launched

The reusable hybrid rocket, Rumi-1, was successfully launched on August 24 from Tiruvidandai coastal
village in Chennai, ECR. Developed by Space Zone India and the Martin Group, the rocket was launched
from a mobile container launch pod.
Rumi-1 carried three cube satellites and 50 smaller pico satellites, designed to collect data on weather
conditions, cosmic radiation, UV radiation, and air quality. After reaching an altitude of 1.8 km, fragments of
the rocket were found 200 to 250 meters away. The organizers successfully recovered these fragments by
noon.

India Launches World's First Mobile Hybrid Rocket: RHUMI-1

India's space efforts received a significant boost with the successful launch of RHUM-1, the world's first
mobile hybrid rocket.
This achievement also marks a milestone as the first reusable hybrid rocket in India. Developed by Chennai-
based startup Space Zone India in collaboration with Martin Group, RHUMI-1 represents a leap forward in
rocket technology, promising to enhance efficiency and reduce operational costs in space exploration.

India Welcomes First Civilian Space Tourist Gopichand Thotakura

Gopichand Thotakura, India's first civilian space tourist, received a warm welcome in Delhi upon his return
on August 26, 2024. Thotakura made history by joining Blue Origin's New Shepard-25 (NS-25) mission,
founded by Amazon's Jeff Bezos, becoming the second Indian citizen to travel to space after Rakesh Sharma's
1984 mission. His trip lasted about ten minutes, reaching a maximum altitude of 105 km.

AI Robot Developed to Detect and Shoot Enemies

Engineering students from Gorakhpur Institute of Technology and Management (GIDA) in Uttar Pradesh have
developed an AI robot capable of detecting and shooting enemies from a distance of 2 km. Constructed from
steel, fiber, and other metals, the robot costs Rs 1.8 lakh. The prototype is set to be sent to the Defense Ministry
for potential use along the country's borders.

Bharat Biotech Unveils Oral Cholera Vaccine Amid Global Shortage

Bharat Biotech International Ltd has launched Hillchol (BBV131), a novel single-strain oral cholera vaccine
(OCV) developed under license from Hilleman Laboratories. This launch is critical as global demand for
OCVs exceeds 100 million doses annually, and there has been a deficit of approximately 40 million doses due
to limited supply.

India Develops Indigenous RT- PCR Testing Kit for Mpox

The Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation has granted approval to
Siemens Healthineers for the manufacture of RT-PCR testing kits for detection of Mpox, a senior Health
Ministry official said. The kits will be manufactured by the company's molecular diagnostics manufacturing
unit in Vadodara, which has a production capacity of one million tests per annum.

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Affordable and Rapid TB Test Developed
The ICMR-Regional Medical Research Center (RMRC) in Dibrugarh, Assam, has introduced a cost-effective
TB testing method. The new CRISPR-based test, which analyzes patients' sputum, is priced at just Rs.35 and
delivers results within two and a half hours. This streamlined approach involves three simple steps, making it
both accessible and efficient.

FDA Approves 'Trauma Gel' for Rapid Bleeding Control

The US Food and Drug Administration has approved 'Trauma Gel,' a groundbreaking anti-bleeding agent
developed by Cresilans, a biotechnology company. This gel is designed to address severe bleeding from
gunshot and stab wounds, providing instant control of heavy bleeding within seconds.

Will the Male Gender Disappear?

A study by researchers at Hokkaido University, Japan, suggests a concerning trend: the Y chromosome, crucial
for determining male sex, is gradually losing its genes. The number of functional genes on the Y chromosome
has dropped from 900 to just 55. This decline raises concerns about the potential future disappearance of
males. The study, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, highlights the role of
the Y chromosome in sex determination and suggests that if this trend continues, it could lead to no male
births in the future. However, researchers remain hopeful that advances in medicine and gene technology may
offer solutions to this issue.

Indian Immunologicals Develops Nasal COVID-19 Vaccine

Indian Immunologicals Limited (IIL) has developed a new nasal vaccine for COVID-19, which is
administered via nasal drops rather than injections. In collaboration with Griffith University in Australia, IIL's
Managing Director, K. Anand Kumar, announced that this vaccine utilizes cutting-edge technology to enhance
COVID-19 prevention. It can also be used as a booster dose, offering a non-injection alternative for
maintaining immunity.

AI Enhances Antibiotic Development

Researchers at the University of Manitoba, Canada, are leveraging Explainable AI (XAI) to improve antibiotic
drugs with fewer side effects. XAI, which aims to make AI decision-making transparent, is used to refine
predictive AI models for drug discovery. This technology helps in identifying new antibiotic candidates by
revealing molecular properties that traditional models might overlook.
Key Points:
Transparent AI: XAI addresses the "black box" issue of many AI models, which makes decision-making
opaque and can hinder drug discovery.
Drug Discovery: AI models, trained with XAI, predict the effects of drugs and test their molecular properties
to find innovative antibiotic options.
Resistance Challenge: The need for new antibiotics is critical due to increasing bacterial resistance.
Chemical Analysis: XAI models have identified that non-core structures in antibiotics, like penicillin, may
be more significant than previously thought.
Practical Testing: Proposed antibiotic compounds are tested in microbiology labs, showing promise for AI-
assisted drug discovery.
This approach aims to make AI-driven drug discovery more reliable and accepted, despite initial skepticism.

Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus Hits Massachusetts

A rare and deadly virus, Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE), is causing concern in Massachusetts. To curb its
spread, a partial lockdown has been implemented in five towns.
Key Points:
Transmission: EEE is spread by mosquitoes from genera like Aedes, Coquilletidia, and Culex. It affects
various animals, including mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians, and can also infect humans, though it
does not spread person-to-person.

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Symptoms: The virus causes brain inflammation, with symptoms including fever, headache, vomiting,
diarrhea, and fainting. Severe cases can lead to coma.
No Cure: The CDC notes that there is no vaccine or specific treatment for EEE.
Recent Cases: This is the first reported case in Massachusetts since 2020. In 2019, 12 people were infected,
and six of them died from the virus.

'Slapped Cheek Virus' on the Rise in America

The CDC has recently issued a warning about a surge in cases of parvovirus B19, also known as 'slapped
cheek syndrome,' in the United States. The virus presents significant risks, particularly for pregnant women,
with increased chances of miscarriage.
Key Details:
Transmission: The virus spreads through respiratory droplets from coughs and sneezes.
Symptoms: Infected children typically display a distinctive red rash on their cheeks, giving the appearance of
being slapped. Adults may experience rashes on the stomach, chest, and thighs, along with fever, runny nose,
sore throat, headache, joint pain, and stomach ache.
Impact: The number of cases among children has risen by 15 to 40 percent from 2022 to 2024. While the
disease usually resolves on its own within two to three weeks, it can be severe for individuals with weakened
immune systems, blood disorders, or pregnant women.
Pregnancy Risks: For pregnant women, parvovirus B19 poses a serious risk and can lead to complications,
including miscarriage.

Spot the Salsa Next Month

As part of the European Space Agency's (ESA) Cluster mission, four satellites that have been operational for
24 years are nearing their final phase. Originally launched in 2000, the satellites—Salsa, Rumba, Samba, and
Tango—were sent to study Earth's magnetosphere and its role in protecting us from harmful solar radiation.
Key Details:
Mission: The Cluster mission aimed to explore the magnetosphere, which shields Earth from solar radiation.
End-of-Life Plan: ESA is now preparing to safely deorbit and detonate these satellites.
Salsa's Demise: The Salsa satellite is scheduled to enter Earth's atmosphere on September 8. It will be
detonated after descending to an altitude of 110 to 80 km above the Pacific Ocean to ensure safety and
minimize risk to populated areas.
Observation: ESA scientists plan to observe Salsa's re-entry and detonation process live from a helicopter.
Future Plans: The remaining satellites—Rumba, Samba, and Tango—will be deorbited and decommissioned
in the coming years.

Polaris: Five Times Larger Than the Sun

Recent research has unveiled fascinating details about Polaris, the North Star, using the High Angular
Resolution Astronomy (CHARA) telescope at Georgia State University. The findings, published in the
Astrophysical Journal, reveal that Polaris is significantly larger than the Sun. Key insights include:
Size: Polaris is five times larger than the Sun and has a diameter 46 times greater than that of the Sun.
Observations: The study, led by Nancy Evans from the Center for Astrophysics, utilized the 330-meter
CHARA telescope to capture detailed images of Polaris and its surface.
Surface Features: The research identified bright and dark spots on Polaris, highlighting its complex surface
characteristics.
Astronomical Significance: Polaris, known for its brightness and role as a navigational guide for seafarers,
is also valuable as a "standard candle" for measuring distances between stars in space.

AI Technology Used to Prevent Animal-Related Destruction

The Tamil Nadu Forest Department has implemented a new AI-based system to manage and mitigate damage
caused by wild animals in villages. This initiative, currently being tested in Kemmaram Palayam Gram
Panchayat near Coimbatore, has shown promising results. Key aspects of the project include:
Technology Integration: Surveillance cameras and loudspeakers have been strategically placed in areas prone

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to wild animal activity.
AI Monitoring: Images of forest animals are uploaded to a central AI server. If an animal is detected within
500 meters of the camera, the system captures its image and sends it to the AI server.
Deterrent Measures: Once an animal is detected, the system triggers a series of sounds through loudspeakers,
including ambulance sirens, tribal screams, and machinery noises, to scare the animals away from the village.
Impact: This approach has effectively reduced the intrusion of elephants and other wildlife into agricultural
areas, solving a significant problem for local farmers.
Expansion Plans: Due to its success, the technology is set to be deployed in Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra
Pradesh, and other parts of Tamil Nadu.

India's KAPS-4 Nuclear Plant Achieves Full Capacity

The Kakrapar Atomic Power Station (KAPS) in Gujarat, India, has reached full operational capacity with its
second 700 MW nuclear reactor, KAPS-4, which started operating at full power on August 21, 2024. This
achievement follows the reactor's commercial operation start on March 31, 2024, and its first criticality on
December 17, 2023. The Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited (NPCIL) confirmed that Unit 4 at KAPS
previously operated at 90% capacity before reaching its full 700 MW output.
ECONOMY
RBI's Monetary Policy Report: Key Highlights
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) released its latest monetary policy report on August 8, maintaining the key
interest rates for the ninth consecutive time. Due to high food prices, the RBI decided not to change the policy
rates. The last increase in interest rates occurred in April of the previous year, with no changes since then.
Key Details:
Repo Rate: Kept unchanged at 6.5%, as decided by the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC).
Focus on Inflation: RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das emphasized that the MPC remains vigilant about food
inflation.
Growth Forecast: RBI projected a growth rate of 7.2% for the current financial year.

Impact of Bangladesh on India's Trade

Business analysts are closely observing the effects of the political crisis in Bangladesh on India's trade. In the
last financial year, India's goods export business was valued at $437 billion (around Rs. 36.27 lakh crore), of
which exports to Bangladesh amounted to Rs. 91,300 crore. Given the proximity and the presence of Indian
textile companies with manufacturing units in Bangladesh, the crisis poses some concerns. If the uncertainty
persists, there is a potential for ready-made clothing units to relocate to India.
However, S&P Global Ratings predicts that the crisis in Bangladesh may not significantly impact Indian trade
due to the relatively small volume of exports from India to Bangladesh. Andrew Wood, Global Ratings
Director (Asia Pacific), stated, "Demand may be low in Bangladesh, resulting in a decrease in exports from
India and other countries to Bangladesh."
India's Trade with Bangladesh
Major Exports to Bangladesh: Curry leaves, coffee, tea, spices, sugar, confectionery, refined petroleum
products, chemicals, cotton, iron, steel, and vehicles.
Major Imports from Bangladesh: Fish, plastic, leather, and textiles.
Trade Relationship:
Bangladesh is India's largest trading partner in South Asia.
Bangladesh is India's second-largest trading partner in Asia.
Trade Figures
Exports to Bangladesh:
2023-24: Rs. 91,300 crore
2022-23: Rs. 1,01,350 crore
Imports from Bangladesh:
2023-24: Rs. 15,272 crore
2022-23: Rs. 16,600 crore

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Constitution of State Benches of GST Appellate Tribunal
The Union Finance Ministry has issued orders to establish 31 GST Appellate Tribunal State Benches across
36 States and Union Territories in India. While the principal bench operates in Delhi, state-specific benches
have been constituted as well. In Andhra Pradesh, a main bench will be set up in Vijayawada, with a circuit
bench in Visakhapatnam. In Telangana, a single bench has been established in Hyderabad.
This initiative aims to provide easier access and faster resolution of GST-related disputes for taxpayers across
the country.

GST Collection Surges 10.3% in July 2024 to 1.82 Lakh Crore

In July 2024, India's Goods and Services Tax (GST) collections rose by 10.3% to $1,82,075 crore, marking a
significant increase from 81,65,105 crore in July 2023. This uptick highlights strong domestic consumption
and economic resilience.

Ind-Ra Raises FY25 GDP Growth Forecast to 7.5%

India Ratings & Research (Ind-Ra) has increased its forecast for India's GDP growth in FY25 to 7.5%, up
from the previous estimate of 7.1%. This revised projection surpasses the RBI's forecast of 7.2% and the
Finance Ministry's Economic Survey estimate of 6.5-7%. The upward revision is attributed to expected
improvements in consumption demand driven by government policies and increased capex.

Deloitte India Predicts Economic Growth Between 7% and 7.2% in FY25

Deloitte's India Economic Outlook for August 2024 predicts strong economic growth between 7.0% and 7.2%
in FY25, driven by robust economic fundamentals. This surpasses the Economic Survey's prediction but aligns
with the Reserve Bank of India's outlook. However, Deloitte also pegs FY25 GDP growth at 6.6%, raising its
FY24 prediction.

IMF's Forecast: India’s Economy Could Reach $55 Trillion by 2047

Krishnamurthy Subramanian, IMF Executive Director, has projected that India’s economy could grow to $55
trillion (approximately ₹4,565 lakh crore) by 2047, provided the country maintains a 12% annual growth rate
in dollar terms. Here are the key points from his assessment:
Current Economic Status: India’s economy is currently valued at $3.8 trillion.
Growth Rate Requirements: To achieve the $55 trillion target, India’s growth rate must consistently reach
12% in dollar terms. This would involve maintaining a real growth rate of 8% and keeping inflation at around
5%.
Inflation and Growth Trends: Since 2016, India has successfully reduced inflation from 7.5% to an average
of 5%. This has helped stabilize the economy and provide a solid foundation for growth.
Currency Depreciation: A key factor in achieving this growth is keeping the depreciation of the Indian rupee
against the dollar to less than 1% over the long term.
Economic Doubling: At a 12% growth rate, India’s economy is expected to double every six years, reaching
the projected $55 trillion mark by 2047.

America Surpasses China as India’s Largest Trading Partner

Key points from the Global Trade Research Initiative (GTRI) report for January-June 2024:
US Takes Lead: The US has become India’s largest trading partner, with trade growing 5.3% to $62.5 billion,
surpassing China.
Record Deficit with China: India’s trade deficit with China hit a record $41.6 billion. Imports from China
increased to $50.1 billion, while exports were $8.5 billion.
Trade Statistics:
• Exports: Up 5.41% to $230.51 billion.
• Imports: Rose 5.47% to $345.30 billion.
Major Export Destinations: Increased exports to the US, UAE, Netherlands, Singapore, and China. Exports
to the US grew 10.5% to $41.6 billion.

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Decreased Exports: Exports to 98 countries, including Italy and Hong Kong, decreased, making up 24.6%
of total exports.
Sector Highlights: Growth driven by iron ore, pharmaceuticals, precious stones, basmati rice, chemicals, and
smartphones.
Services Trade: Services exports rose 6.9% to $178.20 billion, while imports increased by 5.79% to $95
billion.
Overall Trade: Total trade in goods and services increased by 5.8% to $849 billion.

Unified Pension Scheme: Key Details

In response to growing demands for the old pension system (OPS), the central government has introduced a
new Unified Pension Scheme (UPS) to replace the New Pension Scheme (NPS). The scheme is set to benefit
23 lakh central government employees.
Key Features of the Unified Pension Scheme (UPS):
Pension Calculation: Employees will receive 50% of the average basic pay from the last 12 months before
retirement as their monthly pension. This applies to those with at least 10 years of service but less than 25
years.
Family Pension: Upon the employee's death, their family will receive 60% of the employee's pension as a
family pension.
Minimum Pension: Retirees with at least 10 years of service will be guaranteed a minimum pension of
Rs.10,000.
Difference Between NPS and UPS:
NPS: Offers no guaranteed pension amount; it is based on the returns from investments made from employee
contributions.
UPS: Guarantees a specific pension amount, ensuring financial certainty for retirees and their families.
Background:
The shift to UPS follows the formation of a committee led by TV Somanathan in April 2023, which was tasked
with reviewing the existing pension system and recommending changes.

Fake Currency Seizures in India

Despite the demonetisation drive that began eight years ago, fake currency remains a significant issue in India.
Recent reports and statistics reveal ongoing challenges with counterfeit notes.
Key Statistics:
Recent Seizures: In the latest report, approximately Rs.15 lakh in fake notes were seized in Orand.
Annual Seizures: Over the past few years, more than Rs.2 lakh fake notes have been seized annually. The
highest amount was Rs.3.17 lakh in the financial year 2018-19.
Recent Trends:
2018-19: Rs.3.17 lakh
2019-20: Rs.2.96 lakh
2020-21: Rs.2.08 lakh
2021-22: Rs.2.30 lakh
2022-23: Rs.2.22 lakh
Total Seizures: In 2020, the National Crime Records Bureau reported the seizure of 8,34,947 fake notes worth
Rs.92 crore. In 2019, 2,87,404 notes worth Rs.25 crore were seized.
Legal Cases: The National Investigation Agency recorded 39 cases involving fake currency amounting to
Rs.8.50 crore.
Security Measures:
Union Minister of State for Finance Pankaj Chaudhary has indicated that new security features are being
continuously introduced in currency notes to combat counterfeiting.

Goldman Sachs Cuts India's Growth Forecasts

Goldman Sachs has revised down its growth forecasts for India for the current and upcoming years:
2024 Forecast: India is expected to grow at 6.7%.

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2025 Forecast: Growth is projected to slow to 6.4%.
Reasons for Downgrade:
Government Spending: A significant reduction in government spending this year, attributed to the general
elections, has impacted growth projections.
Fiscal Deficit Goals: The central government's focus on limiting the fiscal deficit to 4.5% in the next financial
year is contributing to the slowdown.
Analysis:
Santu Senupta, an American banking economist, highlighted that the government’s cost-cutting measures and
fiscal policies are negatively influencing economic growth.

Moody's Upgrades India's GDP Forecast

Moody's has revised its GDP growth forecast for India to 7.20% for FY2024, up from the previous estimate
of 6.80%.
Key Factors for Revised Forecast:
Private Consumption: Stable private consumption is contributing to the increased growth forecast.
Business Conditions: Improved business conditions are supporting economic expansion.
Rural Demand: A rise in rural demand, bolstered by favorable monsoons, is also a positive factor.
Inflation: Easing inflation, aligning with the RBI's target, is supporting household consumption.
Long-Term Growth Considerations:
Moody's emphasized that sustaining a growth rate of 6-7% over the long term will depend on effectively
utilizing the country's youth workforce.

RBI's Unified Lending Interface (ULI) Services

Overview: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is set to launch the Unified Lending Interface (ULI) services,
modeled after the successful Unified Payments Interface (UPI). The goal is to transform the lending sector by
making the loan application process more efficient and accessible.
Key Features of ULI:
Pilot Success: Initially launched as 'Frictionless Credit' in 2023, ULI has now been officially renamed and
aims to streamline the loan-taking process.
Simplified Credit Access: ULI will reduce the time required for obtaining credit data, leveraging data from
central and state governments, local authorities, and banks.
Ease of Use: Designed with a plug-and-play model, ULI will be easy for organizations to adopt.
Quick Loan Approval: The system will enable phone-based loan sanctions within minutes, particularly
benefiting small villages, towns, and MSMEs.
Reduced Documentation: The platform aims to facilitate loans with minimal paperwork by utilizing digital
information, including land records.
Uninterrupted Lending: ULI will support continuous and efficient lending, providing a significant advantage
in accessing credit for farmers and small businesses.
Comparison with UPI:
UPI: Launched in 2016 by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), UPI revolutionized digital
payments by enabling instant, secure transactions between individuals and businesses.
ULI: Similarly, ULI is expected to play a transformative role in the lending sector by offering a seamless and
digital approach to loan disbursement.

NHPC, SECI, Railtel, and SJVN Gain Navratna Status

Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman granted 'Navratna' status to four Central Public Sector Enterprises
(CPSEs): NHPC, Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI), Railtel Corporation of India (RCIL), and Satluj
Jal Vidyut Nigam (SJVN). This brings the total number of Navratna CPSEs in India to 25. The Navratna status
provides these entities with increased financial and operational autonomy.

Extension of ONGC Contracts in Vietnam

Oil Production Block Extension: ONGC Videsh, the international arm of ONGC, has been granted a 16-

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year extension for its oil and gas production activities in Block 06.1 in the Nam Con Son Basin, extending the
contract until 2039. ONGC Videsh holds a 45% stake in this block, while Zarubenzeneft EP BV operates the
block with a 35% stake, and PetroVietnam holds the remaining 20%. This block has been productive since
1988.
Exploration Block Extension: The deadline for oil and gas exploration in Block 128 has been extended by
three years to June 15, 2026. This extension follows the expiration of the previous contract on June 15, 2023.
Despite 18 years of exploration efforts since May 2006, no significant results have yet been reported from this
block.
Strategic Importance:
The extensions reflect ONGC’s strategic focus on foreign operations, particularly in regions like the South
China Sea, due to its geopolitical significance.

Decline in FDI in India's Food Processing Sector in 2023-24

Foreign direct investment (FDI) in India's food processing sector experienced a significant decline of 30% in
the fiscal year 2023-24, totaling Rs 5,037.06 crore, down from Rs 7,194.13 crore in 2022-23. This decline
follows a series of fluctuating FDI levels over recent years, with previous figures including Rs 5,290.27 crore
in 2021-22, Rs 2,934.12 crore in 2020-21, and higher amounts in preceding years.

Foreign Investments in Sovereign Green Bonds

RBI Approval: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has approved a scheme allowing foreign investors to invest
in sovereign green bonds through the International Financial Services Center (IFSC). This decision aims to
broaden investment opportunities in green bonds.
Background: Sovereign green bonds were introduced by the central government in January 2023 as part of
its debt mobilization strategy for 2023-24.
Current Investment Framework: Previously, only foreign portfolio investors (FPIs) registered with SEBI
were permitted to invest in these bonds. The new scheme expands this by enabling foreign investors through
IFSC, enhancing the attractiveness and accessibility of sovereign green bonds.

Fiscal Deficit Update

Current Deficit: As of April-July 2024, the central government's fiscal deficit stands at ₹2,76,945 crore,
which is 17.2% of the annual fiscal deficit target of ₹16,13,312 crore for the financial year 2024-25.
Comparison: This is a significant improvement compared to the same period last fiscal year, where the deficit
was 33.9% of the budget estimate.
Budget Goals: The government aims to reduce the fiscal deficit to 4.9% of GDP in 2024-25.
Revenue and Expenditure:
Net Tax Revenue: ₹7.15 lakh crore, which is 27.7% of the budget estimate for the period, up from 25% in
the same period of 2023-24.
Government Expenditure: ₹13 lakh crore, or 27% of the budget estimate. This is lower compared to 30.7%
during the same period last fiscal year.
Breakdown of Expenditure:
Revenue Expenditure: ₹10,39,091 crore.
Capital Expenditure: ₹2,61,260 crore.
Interest Payments: ₹3,27,887 crore.
Subsidy Payments: ₹1,25,639 crore.

ADB and World Bank Loan for Amaravati Construction

Loan Amount: The World Bank has agreed to provide ₹15,000 crore for the construction of Amaravati's first
phase.
Partnership: This loan will be sanctioned in collaboration with the Asian Development Bank (ADB).
Future Support: Discussions are ongoing regarding additional financial support for the project in the future.

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 RANKINGS-INDICES-REPORTS
80 Crore People in India Freed from Poverty Through Smartphones: UN
UN General Assembly President Dennis Francis has praised India's digital revolution and its impact on
alleviating poverty. Speaking at a recent Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) meeting, he highlighted
that around 80 crore Indians have emerged from poverty in the past six years due to the widespread use of
smartphones. He noted that farmers in rural areas can now perform various business transactions using their
smartphones, which has significantly facilitated access to banking services. Dennis Francis urged other
countries to adopt similar measures to promote rural development and improve livelihoods.

IIT Madras Tops National Institutional Rankings Framework

IIT Madras has been ranked as the top engineering college in India, according to the 9th edition of the National
Institutional Rankings Framework (NIRF) released by Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan on
August 12. The rankings, which evaluate higher education institutions across various categories, placed IIT
Madras at the top of the engineering category for 2024.
Key Highlights from NIRF 2024:
Best Engineering Colleges:
IIT Madras
IIT Delhi
IIT Bombay
IIT Kanpur
IIT Kharagpur
IIT Roorkee
IIT Guwahati
NIT Trichy
IIT Hyderabad
IIT BHU, Varanasi
Top Management Institutes:
IIM Ahmedabad
IIM Bangalore
IIM Kozhikode
IIT Delhi
IIM Calcutta
IIM Mumbai
IIM Lucknow
IIM Indore
XLRI Jamshedpur
IIT Bombay
Top Universities:
IISc Bangalore
JNU, New Delhi
JMI, New Delhi
Manipal Academy of Higher Education
Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi
University of Delhi
Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore
Aligarh Muslim University
Jadavpur University, Kolkata
VIT Vellore
Overall Top 10 Institutions:
IIT Madras
IISc Bangalore
IIT Bombay

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IIT Delhi
IIT Kanpur
IIT Kharagpur
AIIMS New Delhi
IIT Roorkee
IIT Guwahati
JNU New Delhi
Top Colleges:
Hindu College, Delhi
Miranda House, Delhi
St. Stephen's College, Delhi
Ram Krishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Kolkata
Atma Ram Sanatan Dharma College, Delhi
St. Xavier's College, Kolkata
PSGR Krishnammal College for Women, Coimbatore
Loyola College, Chennai
Kirori Mal College, Delhi
Lady Shri Ram College for Women, Delhi
Best Law Colleges:
National Law School of India University, Bangalore
National Law University, Delhi
NALSAR University of Law, Hyderabad
West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences, Kolkata
Symbiosis Law School, Pune
Top Institutes in Architecture and Planning:
IIT Roorkee
IIT Kharagpur
NIT Calicut
IIEST Shibpur
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
These rankings highlight the excellence of institutions across various disciplines and emphasize the
importance of quality education in India.

World Development Report 2024: The Middle-Income Trap

The World Bank's "World Development Report 2024: The Middle-Income Trap" highlights the challenges
over 100 countries, including India, face in their pursuit of becoming high-income nations in the coming
decades.
Key Insights from the Report:
India's Economic Journey: It is estimated that India may take 75 years to achieve one-fourth of the per capita
income of the United States.
China's Projection: China might reach a quarter of the U.S. per capita income in over 10 years.
Indonesia's Timeline: Indonesia could require up to 70 years to attain similar income levels.

72,000 Deaths Due to Electric Shock in Five Years

The National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) has reported that 72,000 people died due to electric shocks in
India between 2015 and 2020. This equates to an average of 12,000 fatalities per year, or 32 deaths each day.

Over 1.3 Million Indian Students Studying Abroad

The Indian government has disclosed that more than 1.3 million Indian students are currently pursuing higher
education overseas. Minister of State for External Affairs, Kirti Vardhan Singh, provided this information in
a written response to a question in the Rajya Sabha. The students are spread across 108 countries, including
the United States, Canada, the UK, Australia, Germany, France, Singapore, Russia, Israel, and Ukraine.

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Notably, there are 427,000 Indian students in Canada, 337,680 in the United States, and 8,580 in China.

India's Population Projection for 2036

India's population is projected to reach 152.2 crore (1.52 billion) by 2036, according to the "Women and Men
in India 2023" report by the Department of Social Statistics under the Central Statistics Department. The report
indicates a slight increase in the proportion of women in the population.
Key Highlights:
Population Growth: India's population, which was 121.1 crore (1.21 billion) in 2011 with 48.5% women, is
expected to grow to 152.2 crore by 2036, with women constituting 48.8%.
Demographic Changes: The number of people under 15 years of age will decrease due to declining fertility
rates, while the number of people over 60 years will increase significantly. This will cause a shift in the
population pyramid, with a reduction in the base and a widening in the middle.
Working Age Population: The proportion of the working-age population (15-59 years) will increase from
60.7% in 2011 to 64.9% by 2036.
Gender Ratio Improvement: The ratio of women to men will improve, with 943 women per 1,000 men in
2011 rising to 952 by 2036, indicating progress towards gender equality.
Urban vs. Rural Population: The urban population is expected to rise from 37.7 crore in 2011 to 59.4 crore
by 2036, while the rural population will increase from 83.3 crore to 92.7 crore.
Age Distribution: The age group with the highest population will shift from 10-14 years (10.8% in 2011) to
35-39 years (8.3% in 2036). Additionally, the proportion of people above 80 years will rise from 0.5% to 15%.

Rural Youth Employment Report-2024: Key Insights

The Rural Youth Employment Report-2024 by the Development Intelligence Unit (DIU) highlights
employment trends among rural youth in India:
Employment Status: 85% of rural youth aged 26-35 are employed, while 10% are currently unemployed
after previously being employed. Among women aged 26-35, only 40% are employed.
Job Dissatisfaction: 70-85% of employed youth are considering job changes due to dissatisfaction.
Gig Economy Popularity: There is a growing interest in gig economy jobs (small manufacturing, retail,
government roles, etc.), indicating increased demand for diverse job opportunities in rural India.
Financial Challenges: Rural youth face financial constraints when considering career changes due to limited
opportunities, highlighting the need for better resources.
Broader Employment Context
Labor Market Trends: The able-bodied workforce rose from 61% in 2011 to 64% in 2021, but only 37%
found employment by 2022. Unemployment has risen from 5.41% in 2008 to 9.2% in 2024.
Challenges from Technology and AI: The ILO predicts significant job losses due to technological
advancements, with 6,40,000 low-skilled jobs at risk in the IT sector.

Reliance in the Fortune Global 500 List

Mukesh Ambani's Reliance Industries Limited has secured the top position among Indian companies in the
Fortune Global 500 list, climbing two spots from last year to reach the 86th position. Globally, America's
Wal-Mart leads the list, followed by Amazon and State Grid. Other Indian companies featured include LIC at
96th and Indian Oil at 116th.

India Ranked 2nd Largest Aluminium Producer in the World

India has solidified its position as a global leader in mineral production, with impressive rankings across
several key minerals. The country stands as the 2nd largest Aluminium producer, the 3rd largest lime producer,
and the 4th largest iron ore producer in the world. These rankings underscore India's significant contribution
to the global mineral industry and highlight its growing importance in the sector.

Karnataka First in Child Marriages

Karnataka has recorded the highest number of child marriages in India in 2022, according to a statement made
by the Union Women and Child Development Minister in Parliament. The states with the highest numbers of

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child marriages are:
Karnataka: 215 cases
Assam: 163 cases
Tamil Nadu: 155 cases
West Bengal: 121 cases
Maharashtra: 99 cases
Telangana: 53 cases
Punjab: 46 cases
Haryana: 37 cases
Andhra Pradesh: 26 cases

Cyber Crimes in India: Five-Year Overview

The Central Government has reported that 44,599 cyber crimes were committed in India over the last five
years, resulting in a total theft of ₹2,137 crores by cyber criminals. Out of this amount, ₹187 crores have been
recovered.
Key Statistics:
In the financial year 2023-24 alone, 29,082 cyber crime cases were registered.
Cyber criminals looted ₹1,457 crores during this period.

India Ranked 39th in the Travel and Tourism Development Index 2024
The World Economic Forum (WEF) recently released its Travel and Tourism Development Index (TTDI) for
2024, offering a comprehensive evaluation of India's standing in the global tourism landscape. This index is a
crucial benchmark for assessing the competitiveness tourism sectors and sustainability of worldwide. India
has secured the 39th position among 119 countries in the 2024 TTDI. This ranking reflects India's overall
performance across various indicators that contribute to a robust and sustainable tourism sector.

Sharp Increase in Lightning Deaths in India

The National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) has reported a significant rise in lightning-related deaths in India
between 2010-2020. Researchers noted that from 1967 to 2020, a total of 1,01,309 lightning deaths occurred,
with the highest numbers recorded during the 2010-20 period. The average number of lightning deaths per
state and union territory increased from 38 per year (1967-2002) to 61 per year (2003-2020), resulting in
approximately 1,876 deaths annually.
Key Insights:
Highest Impact States: Madhya Pradesh recorded the most lightning deaths, followed by Maharashtra, Uttar
Pradesh, and Odisha.
Regional Trends: Deaths due to lightning have been rising in Central India since 1967 and in Northeast India
since 2001.
Causes: Increased lightning incidents are attributed to deforestation, reservoir disappearance, and global
warming. Additionally, people in developing regions often continue outdoor activities like agriculture during
thunderstorms, increasing the risk of fatalities.
Preparedness: Out of the 36 states and union territories in India, only seven have developed plans to handle
lightning strikes.

Asian Development Bank (ADB) Report

Growth and Challenges of Working Age Population in Asia-Pacific
The Asian Development Bank (ADB) report indicates that India's working-age population (ages 15 to 64) is
projected to increase until 2036. From 60% in 2011, this demographic is expected to peak at 65.1% by 2031,
before slightly declining to 64.9% by 2036. In contrast, the working-age populations in China and Japan are
decreasing.
Key Highlights:
Economic Impact: The growth of the working-age population in India is expected to boost the labor force,
contributing significantly to economic growth in the Asia-Pacific region.

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Regional Trends: The report notes a decline in migration and capital investment in human resources across
Asia and the Pacific. Many countries in the region face a shrinking working-age population, prompting them
to adopt more proactive policies to address this challenge.

UNESCO Global Education Monitoring (GEM) Report:

Caution Against Overuse of Technology in Schools
The UNESCO Global Education Monitoring (GEM) report highlights that while integrating technology at the
school level can be beneficial, its excessive use poses risks. The report warns that too much time spent on
mobile devices can distract students and negatively impact their ability to apply knowledge effectively.
Key Findings:
Cautious Use of Technology: The report advises that technology should be utilized in classrooms only when
it is necessary for the learning process. Over-reliance on technology could have significant drawbacks.Global
Measures: In response to these concerns, around 14 countries have banned the use of smartphones in schools
to mitigate potential negative effects on students.

IFPRI Report: Improved Diet Can Prevent 20% of Deaths Annually

According to the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), poor quality food is a leading cause of
malnutrition and various diseases, contributing to one in five deaths (20%) each year. The report, released in
Kathmandu, Nepal, reveals alarming global health statistics:
Micronutrient Deficiency: 2 billion people worldwide suffer from a lack of essential micronutrients.
Obesity: 2.2 billion people are affected by obesity.
Child Malnutrition: 1.48 billion children under five are stunted, and 48 million children are underweight.
The report also suggests reducing government subsidies and reallocating land to other crops. However, Ashok
Dalai, the president of a committee appointed by the Indian government, disagrees with this approach,
emphasizing the importance of food self-sufficiency, especially during grain shortages.

Stanford AI Index Report 2024: AI Investment Overview

The Stanford AI Index Report 2024 highlights the growing use of artificial intelligence (AI) across various
sectors, creating both opportunities and concerns worldwide. The report provides insights into global private
investments in AI from 2013 to 2023.
AI Investments by Country (2013-2023):
United States: $33,524 billion
China: $10,365 billion
United Kingdom: $2,225 billion
Israel: $1,283 billion
Canada: $1,056 billion
Germany: $1,035 billion
India: $985 billion
France: $725 billion
South Korea: $831 billion
Singapore: $625 billion
The report shows that the United States and China lead significantly in private AI investments, reflecting their
dominance in AI research, development, and deployment. Other countries like the UK, Israel, and Canada
also contribute significantly to global AI advancements.

Significant Increase in Reservoir Water Levels in India

Overall Increase: Water levels in India's reservoirs have risen significantly, with current reserves 126%
higher than the same period last year, according to the Central Water Commission (CWC). The levels are also
119% above the ten-year average.
Current Storage: As of August 29, the water level in reservoirs across the country stands at 144.333 billion
cubic meters (BCM), which is 80% of the total storage capacity of 155 reservoirs with 20 hydropower projects,
having a combined capacity of 180.852 BCM.

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Regional Highlights:
Southern States: Significant increases in water reserves have been observed in 43 major reservoirs in
southern states, including Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu. These reservoirs
collectively hold 44.771 BCM of water, 82% of their total capacity.
Comparative Levels: At the same time last year, these reservoirs had only 49% of their capacity filled, while
the normal reserve level is typically around 63%.
This substantial rise in water levels reflects improved reservoir management and favorable rainfall patterns,
providing a more stable water supply across the country.

Global Water Security Report: Key Findings

The United Nations University (UNU) recently released the Global Water Security Report, highlighting the
growing water crisis worldwide.
Water Insecurity by 2030: By 2030, approximately 5.6 billion people (72%) across 113 countries, including
India and China, will face water-related problems.
Access to Clean Drinking Water:
Severe Shortages: About 64.2 million people (8%) in 24 countries, including Pakistan, Ethiopia, Haiti, Chad,
Liberia, and Madagascar, lack access to clean drinking water, increasing the risk of starvation due to severe
food shortages.
Limited Access: Only 1 billion people (20% of the global population) have adequate access to clean water.
Sustainable Development Goal: Ensuring access to adequate clean water for all is a key component of the
17 sustainable development goals set by the UN.
Study Details: The UNU study examined the access to clean water for 7.78 billion people across 186 countries
by 2030, forming the basis of the World Water Security Report.
Countries with Adequate Access: Only 100 million people in 49 countries, including Finland, the USA, New
Zealand, Norway, the UK, Sweden, Switzerland, Luxembourg, and Latvia, have adequate access to clean
water.

Air Pollution Reduction in India

Overall Reduction: Air pollution in India decreased by 19.3% by 2022, according to the latest 'Air Quality
Life Index-2024' report by the Energy Policy Institute at the University of Chicago (Epic).
Improvement in Life Expectancy: The reduction in air pollution has contributed to an increase in the average
life expectancy of Indians by one year.
PM 2.5 Levels:
The average PM 2.5 levels in India dropped by 9 micrograms per cubic meter in 2022 compared to 2021.
Significant decreases were noted in districts of Bengal and Jharkhand, where PM 2.5 levels fell by up to 20
micrograms per cubic meter.
Current Air Quality: Despite improvements, 42% of the population still lives in areas where PM 2.5 levels
exceed the national standard of 40 micrograms per cubic meter.

Central Statistics Department Report: Population Changes by 2036

Current and Projected Population: India's population is currently 140 crore and is expected to reach 152.2
crore by 2036.
Population Growth Rate: The annual population growth rate is projected to decrease from 1.08% in 2021 to
0.58% by 2036.
Age Distribution Changes:
Children Under 15: The percentage of children under 15 years old will decrease from 24.4% in 2026 to
20.5% by 2036. This decline is attributed to delayed marriages and a decreasing fertility rate.
Elderly Population: The percentage of people aged 60 and above will increase. By 2036, 12% of men and
16% of women will be in this age group, up from 10.7% and 13.4%, respectively, in 2026.
Implications: The shift towards an aging population will require increased government spending on elderly
welfare programs and adaptations in social, economic, and political planning. The changing demographic
structure highlights the need for targeted policies and schemes to address the needs of both the younger and

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older segments of the population.

NCRB Report on Rape Incidents

Statistics: The National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) report revealed that there were an average of four
rapes per hour in India between 2017 and 2022.
Accused and Victims: In most cases, the accused were known to the victims. The majority of victims were
aged between 18 and 30 years.
Workplace Incidents: On average, two women are raped in their workplaces every day.
Overall Context: The report underscores the severity of sexual violence in the country and highlights the
need for improved safety measures and support for victims.

Student Suicides Outpacing Population Growth

Report Findings: According to a National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) report titled "Student Suicides:
An Epidemic Sweeping India," student suicides are growing faster than the population.
Key Statistics:
Overall Increase: Total suicides have risen by 2% annually.
Student Suicides: Between 2021 and 2022, student suicides increased by 4%.
Population vs. Suicides: The population of individuals aged 0-24 decreased from 582 million to 581 million
over the last decade, yet student suicides surged from 6,654 to 13,044.
Concerns: The report highlights that student suicides are rising despite a slight decline in the student
population, indicating a serious issue in mental health and support systems for students.

Amul Tops Global Food Brand Rankings in 2024

Amul has been named the world's strongest food brand in Brand Finance's Global Food & Drinks Report 2024.
With a Brand Strength Index (BSI) score of 91 and a valuation of $3.3 billion, Amul achieved an 11% increase
in brand value from 2023. The company's dominance in India's dairy market and strong metrics in familiarity,
consideration, and recommendation contributed to its AAA+ rating. Hershey's, which shared the AAA+ rating
with Amul, saw a slight dip in its brand value, placing it second.

'Developed India' with Women’s Participation

Goal: India aims to become a developed country and a $30 trillion economy by 2047.
Women Workforce: According to the Nudge Institute's 'Labour Force Participation Distillation Report', the
participation of women in the workforce needs to increase significantly to achieve this goal.
Current Situation: Women currently make up 37% of the labor force.
Target: Increase women's workforce participation to 70% by 2047, requiring an additional 40 crore women
to join.
Forecast: Only 11 crore additional women are expected to join the workforce by 2047, highlighting a
significant gap.
Economic Impact: Adding 40 crore women to the workforce could contribute an additional $14 trillion to
the economy.
Challenges: Integrating this large number of women into the workforce poses a considerable challenge for
the government.
Steel Sector Developments
National Steel Policy: Announced in 2017, aiming to increase steel manufacturing capacity to 300 million
tonnes by 2030 and per capita consumption to 160 kg by 2030 and 220 kg by 2047.
Digital Transformation: Innovations in AI and digital technologies are expected to drive the steel sector’s
transformation. These technologies will:
Implement environmental regulations.
Improve fuel efficiency and emission monitoring.
Support expansion, innovation, and worker safety.
Expert Opinion: Rajib Maitra from Deloitte India notes that the mining and steel sectors are undergoing
significant changes due to advancements in AI and digital technologies.

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Justice Hema Committee Report: Key Findings and Context
Background: In 2017, the Women in Cinema Collective (WCC) submitted a memorandum to Kerala Chief
Minister Pinarayi Vijayan to address issues within the Malayalam film industry. In response, the Kerala
government formed the Justice Hema Committee, chaired by retired Kerala High Court judge Justice Hema.
Committee Composition: The committee included prominent figures such as actress T. Sharada and former
Kerala Chief Secretary KB Valsala Kumari.
Findings:
Casting Couch: The report highlighted the pervasive issue of the "casting couch" in the Malayalam film
industry, where female actors are pressured to engage in sexual activities to gain opportunities.
Impact on Workers: The report also noted the deteriorating conditions of hair stylists and makeup artists,
attributing this to violations of labor laws by their unions regarding workplace amenities and wage controls.
Significance: This is the first instance of a committee within the Indian film industry specifically addressing
the status of women in a regional film sector.
Women in Cinema Collective: Formed in 2017, this collective advocates against gender discrimination and
seeks policy changes to ensure equal rights for women in the film industry.
Report Release: The Kerala government released the report four and a half years after its submission, marking
a significant step in addressing gender issues within the industry.

Indoor Air Pollution: A Growing Concern in India

Indoor vs. Outdoor Pollution: Soumya Swaminathan, Chief Advisor at the Department of Health and Family
Welfare, highlighted that indoor air pollution in India poses a greater health risk than outdoor pollution.
Surprisingly, cities may have cleaner air compared to nearby villages in this context.
Health Impact: Studies conducted in Delhi reveal that housewives face high levels of black carbon pollution
indoors. This exposure is linked to health issues such as high blood pressure. Additionally, auto rickshaw
passengers are exposed to significant outdoor air pollution.
Pollution Statistics: Cities contribute to 20% of pollution emissions, while household emissions account for
20-40% of regional pollution. Swaminathan noted that cities can sometimes have better air quality compared
to the polluted indoor environments of rural areas.
Conference Details: These insights were shared at the India Clean Air Summit (ICAS)-2024, organized by
the Center for the Study of Science, Technology and Policy.

Micronutrient Deficiencies in India

Study Overview: A study published in The Lancet Global Health Journal has highlighted deficiencies in key
micronutrients among Indians, including iron, calcium, and folate.
Research Details: Conducted by international scientists and Harvard University researchers, the study
analyzed global dietary patterns using data from the 'Global Dietary Database.' It focused on the intake of 15
essential micronutrients across 185 countries, emphasizing food consumption over supplements.
Global Trends:
70% of people worldwide lack adequate iodine, vitamin E, and calcium.
Women are more prone to deficiencies in iodine, vitamin B12, and iron.
Men commonly face deficiencies in magnesium, vitamin B6, zinc, and vitamin C.
Indian Context:
Indian women show lower iodine consumption compared to men.
Deficiencies in zinc and magnesium are more prevalent among men than women.

Technology Investments in Steel Sector

Investment Overview: The FICCI-Deloitte report highlights a significant push towards digital technology in
the steel sector, with investments projected to reach ₹22,400 crore ($2.7 billion) by 2030.
Objectives: These investments will drive advancements in technological capabilities, aiming for greater
efficiency and sustainability in mining and processing operations.
Growth Forecast: Spending on digital technologies is expected to rise from $1-1.2 billion in 2024 to $2.3-
2.7 billion by 2030.

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Strategic Importance: The year 2030 is deemed crucial for the steel industry in India, marking a key period
for technological development and transformation.
NATIONAL
Prime Minister Modi's 11th Consecutive Independence Day Address
India celebrated its 78th Independence Day on August 15th, with Prime Minister Narendra Modi hoisting the
tricolor flag from the historic Red Fort for the 11th consecutive time and addressing the nation. This
achievement places Modi alongside India's first Prime Minister, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, who also delivered
11 consecutive Independence Day speeches.
For the 2024 Independence Day celebrations, around 4,000 special guests, including farmers, youth, women,
and low-income groups, were invited. Additionally, 117 Indian athletes who participated in the Paris Olympics
were present at the Red Fort for the event.

'Har Ghar Tiranga' Campaign: August 9 to 15

Union Home Minister Amit Shah has called on citizens to participate in the 'Har Ghar Tiranga' campaign by
hoisting the tricolor flag at their homes from August 9 to 15. He also encouraged people to upload selfies with
the tricolor on the 'Har Ghar Tiranga' website via platform 'X'. Amit Shah highlighted that the campaign,
initiated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, has evolved into a national movement within two years.

Ten Years of Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY)

The Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY), the Central Government's flagship financial inclusion
scheme, marks its tenth anniversary since its launch.
Key Highlights of Jan Dhan Accounts:
Launch Date: August 15, 2014 (Effective from August 28, 2014)
Accounts in Rural and Small Town Areas: 35.27 crores
Total Accounts in the Country: 52.99 crores
Average Balance in Accounts: Rs. 4,100
Total Deposits in Accounts: Rs. 2,28,362 crores
Accounts Receiving Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT): 5.5 crores
Women Account Holders: 29.48 crores
Facilities for Jan Dhan Account Holders: RuPay Debit Card, Insurance, Overdraft Facilities
Impact of the Financial Inclusion Scheme:
Economic Inclusion: PMJDY has significantly contributed to achieving financial inclusion across the country.
Banking Accessibility: The scheme has helped bring individuals previously outside the banking system into
the formal financial fold.
Banking Sector Benefits: PMJDY accounts assist in addressing banks' liquidity needs by increasing deposit
bases.
Welfare Scheme Support: These accounts are instrumental in directly transferring welfare benefits to the
beneficiaries, ensuring efficient and transparent financial transactions.
The Critical Role of Vultures in Ecosystem and Public Health
Vultures, often perceived merely as scavenger birds, play a vital role in maintaining ecological balance and
public health by consuming animal carcasses and preventing the spread of harmful bacteria and viruses. These
birds help avert diseases like cholera and anthrax by keeping our surroundings clean.
Decline in Vulture Population:
Sharp Decrease: In the 1980s, India's vulture population was around 40 million, but by 2015 it had dropped
to 15,000. The current estimate suggests that only 326 vultures remain.
Health Impact: This drastic decline has led to a rise in diseases. Between 2000 and 2005, approximately 5
lakh people died due to diseases proliferating in the absence of these natural scavengers.
Cause of Decline: The decline has been largely attributed to the use of the veterinary drug 'Diclofenac.'
Vultures consumed carcasses of animals treated with this drug, leading to mass deaths. The central government
banned 'Diclofenac' in 2006 to mitigate this crisis.
Government Efforts and Habitat Initiatives:
The central government has taken steps to boost the vulture population, recognizing their crucial role in public

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health.
Conservation Efforts: In the Bejjoor area of Adilabad district, 26 vultures were recently found.
Conservationists like Vibhu Prakash and Nikita have dedicated nearly 30 years to vulture population recovery
efforts. Vibhu Prakash, known as the "Vulture Man of India," was awarded the 'Pranimitra' award in 2021 for
his work in vulture conservation.
Economic and Health Implications: Without vultures, the world faces a significant health crisis that could
cost around 70 billion dollars (approximately Rs. 5,87,889 crores) annually to manage. Their presence is
crucial for reducing the spread of diseases and maintaining ecological balance.

Telemedicine Services for Ex-Servicemen

The Central Government has launched a teleconsultation service called E-SeHAT for the Ex-Servicemen
Contributory Health Scheme (ECHS). This service allows ECHS beneficiaries to access timely online medical
consultations from their homes.
Key Details:
Pilot Project: E-SeHAT was initially launched in 12 ECHS polyclinics, including remote areas like
Baramulla, Imphal, Churachandpur, Dimapur, and Aizawl.
Expansion Plans: The service will be expanded to 427 ECHS polyclinics by November this year.

Central Guidelines for Organ Transport

The Central Government has released a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) to ensure the fastest possible
transport of organs for transplantation, developed by the medical department in collaboration with
organizations like NITI Aayog and the National Organ and Tissue Transplant Organisation (NOTTO).
Key Guidelines:
The SOP specifies the procedures to be strictly followed while transporting organs by air, ambulance, metro,
defence vehicles, road, rail, and waterways.
It mandates that human organs should only be transported within the national territory.

Increase in Kharif Cultivation Across India

The Union Agriculture Department has reported an increase in the area under cultivation for crops during this
year's Kharif season across the country. A total of 904 lakh hectares have been cultivated with various crops,
including rice, pulses, maize, oilseeds, and sugarcane. This marks an increase from 879.22 lakh hectares
during the same period last year.
Key Highlights:
Rice: Cultivated in 276.91 lakh hectares this year, up from 263.01 lakh hectares last year.
Pulses: Cultivation increased to 110.61 lakh hectares, compared to 99.71 lakh hectares last year.
Oilseeds: Cultivated area rose from 174.53 lakh hectares to 179.69 lakh hectares.
Coarse Grains and Sugarcane: Also saw an increase in cultivation compared to the previous year.

Jan Aushadhi Project Saves Rs 28,000 Crores for Citizens

Union Minister Nitin Gadkari announced in the Lok Sabha that the Prime Minister Jan Aushadhi Paryojana
has saved Indian citizens Rs 28,000 crores so far. Under this initiative, 1,965 types of medicines and 235
medical devices are available at discounts ranging from 52% to 80% at Jan Aushadhi Centers nationwide.
During the question-and-answer session, Gadkari highlighted that this significant savings is due to the
availability of these low-cost medicines and medical devices through the program.

New Regulations for Disability Certification: Coloured Cards Introduced

The Central Department of Social Justice and Empowerment has issued draft regulations for disability
certification, which are now open for public opinion. The new guidelines propose the issuance of four types
of coloured cards based on the degree of disability:
Types of Cards:
White Band Card: Issued if the disability is less than 40%.
Yellow Band Card: Issued if the disability is between 40% and 80%.

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Blue Band Card: Issued if the disability is above 80%.
Key Changes in the Certification Process:
Updated Application Requirements: Applicants must now provide a short name, two passport-size
photographs taken within six months, an Aadhaar card, and a new identity card.
Extended Time Frame for Issuance: Previously, the disability certificate had to be issued within one month
of receiving the application. The time limit has now been extended to three months.
Application Validity: If no decision is made on an application within two years, the application becomes
invalid. The applicant must either reapply or request the medical authority to reconsider the pending
application.
Notification of Ineligibility: If a person is deemed ineligible for a disability certificate, the medical board
must notify them via a form within one month. An online notification must also be sent within one month,
explaining the reasons for rejection.
Right to Appeal: Applicants can file an appeal within 90 days of the rejection of their application.

Madhya Pradesh Pioneers Cash for Sanitary Napkins Scheme

The state of Madhya Pradesh, under the leadership of Dr Mohan Yadav, has taken a revolutionary step in
addressing menstrual health and hygiene. In a first-of-its-kind move in India, the state government has
launched a scheme to provide cash directly to adolescent girls for purchasing sanitary napkins. This innovative
approach sets Madhya Pradesh apart from other states that typically distribute free sanitary napkins.

India's Renewable Energy Capacity Soars by 165% in a Decade

India's renewable energy capacity has surged by 165% over the past decade, increasing from 76.38 GW in
2014 to 203.1 GW in 2024, according to Union Minister Pralhad Joshi. This growth positions India as the
fourth largest globally in renewable energy capacity, with significant advancements in solar and wind power.

Update on Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) and Related Schemes

As of July 19, 2024, the Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) has achieved significant milestones with
52.81 crore accounts having a total deposit balance of Rs. 2,30,792 crore. Launched in August 2014, PMUDY
aims to provide universal banking services to unbanked households with the core principles of banking the
unbanked, securing the unsecured, funding the unfunded, and serving underserved areas.

New Scheme for Cashless Treatment of Road Accident Victims

The Union Ministry of Road Transport and Highways has introduced a new scheme to provide cashless
treatment to victims of road accidents, recognizing the increasing number of such incidents. The scheme is
currently being implemented on a pilot basis.
Key Features of the Scheme:
Pilot Implementation: The Union Transport Department, in collaboration with the National Health Authority
(NHA), has initiated the scheme in Chandigarh and Assam. It offers cashless treatment to victims of road
accidents involving motor vehicles on any road.
Health Benefits: Eligible victims can receive trauma and polytrauma care packages for a maximum of 7 days
from the date of the accident, with coverage up to ₹1.5 lakhs. Treatment is available at hospitals registered
under the Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB PM-JAY).
Coordination and Management: The scheme is managed by the NHA in coordination with local police,
empaneled hospitals, state health organizations, the National Informatics Centre, and the General Insurance
Council, under the Department of Health and Family Welfare.
Legislation and Fund Management: The scheme is administered under the Motor Vehicle Accident Fund
established under Section 164B of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988. The Central Motor Vehicles (Motor Vehicle
Accident Fund) Rules, 2022, provide details on the revenue sources and utilization of funds.

What is Dark Tourism?

Dark Tourism refers to the practice of visiting places associated with death, tragedy, violence, or paranormal
events. It includes sites like cemeteries, mortuaries, disaster areas, battlefields, prisons, execution sites, and

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locations with a history of crime.
Examples of Dark Tourism Sites:
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant: The site of the 1986 nuclear disaster in Ukraine, which caused massive
loss of life and property.
Auschwitz Camps in Poland: Former Nazi concentration camps that serve as a memorial for Holocaust
victims.
9/11 Memorial in the USA: Commemorates the victims of the September 11 terrorist attacks.
Haunted houses, locations of paranormal activity, and places where significant historical events occurred are
also considered part of dark tourism.
Purpose of Dark Tourism: Visitors engage in dark tourism to learn about the history and culture of these
sites, connect with the emotions of those who experienced the tragedies, and pay tribute to the victims. It
offers a unique way to explore historical events, often with a deeper emotional connection than traditional
tourism.
Recent Popularity: Dark tourism has gained significant popularity in recent years, spurred by media
portrayals in web series like "Chernobyl" and "The Dark Tourist," which have piqued public interest in such
sites.

Launch of NWC Digital Power Centre

Rekha Sharma, Chairperson of the National Commission for Women (NCW), inaugurated a digital power
center in New Delhi in collaboration with the Cyber Peace Foundation. The center aims to combat cyber-
crimes against women by providing technical assistance, raising public awareness, and helping to file
complaints effectively.

KIIT University Granted Special Consultative Status by UN

Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed University has been awarded special consultative
status by the United Nations Economic and Social Council. Out of 476 applications worldwide, only 19
organizations were selected for this prestigious designation.
This status provides KIIT students with unique opportunities to serve as UN volunteers, develop leadership
skills, and gain valuable diplomatic experience.

Guidelines Released for 'Ideal Solar Village' Under 'PM Surya Ghar: Muf Bijili Yojana'
The central government has released operational guidelines for the 'Ideal Solar Village' component under the
'PM Surya Ghar: Muf Bijili Yojana,' a prestigious initiative aimed at promoting solar power consumption in
India.
The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, in a statement on August 12, emphasized that the scheme's goal
is to help villages across the country adopt solar energy and achieve self-reliance in meeting their energy
needs. As part of the scheme's implementation, Rs. 800 crore has been allocated to selected villages, with each
village receiving Rs. 1 crore to support the transition to solar power.

Cabinet Approves Setting Up of 12 Industrial Smart Cities In 10 States

The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, has given the green
light to 12 new project proposals under the National Industrial Corridor Development Programme (NICDP).
This ambitious initiative, with an estimated investment of Rs. 28,602 crore, is set to transform India's
economic geography, creating a robust network of industrial nodes and cities that promise to significantly
boost economic growth and enhance global competitiveness.
Cabinet Approves Establishment of 12 Industrial Smart Cities
The Cabinet has approved the development of 12 new industrial smart cities across India. These cities will be
strategically located to boost industrial growth and economic development. The cities are:
Khurpia in Uttarakhand
Rajpura, Patiala in Punjab
Agra in Uttar Pradesh
Prayagraj in Uttar Pradesh

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Gaya in Bihar
Dighi Port Industrial Area in Maharashtra
Jodhpur-Pali in Rajasthan
Koparthi in Andhra Pradesh
Orvakal in Andhra Pradesh
Zaheerabad in Telangana
Palakkad in Kerala
Jamshedpur-Purulia-Asansol region

Ration Shops to Become Public Nutrition Centers

Union Food Minister Prahlad Joshi announced a pilot project on August 20 to transform ration shops into Jan
Poshan Kendras (Public Nutrition Centers). Under this initiative, 60 ration shops in Telangana, Uttar Pradesh,
Gujarat, and Rajasthan will be converted into Jan Poshan centers. These centers will now sell small grains,
pulses, milk products, and other essential items. The Union Minister highlighted that this change aims to
enhance nutrition and benefit the public by expanding the range of goods available at these shops.

Central Government Bans 156 Fixed Dose Combination (FDC) Medicines

The Central Government has banned 156 Fixed Dose Combination (FDC) medicines, including antibacterial
drugs used for fever, cold, allergies, and pain relief, due to potential health risks. The banned list includes
combinations like Aceclofenac 50 mg + Paracetamol 125 mg, commonly used for pain relief.
FDC medicines, also known as cocktail drugs, contain two or three active pharmaceutical ingredients in a
specific ratio. An expert committee appointed by the central government studied these FDCs and deemed them
unreasonable, leading to the ban. A gazette notification has been issued to formalize this decision, highlighting
that safer alternative medicines are available.

Subhadra scheme
Odisha Chief Minister Mohan Majhi has unveiled the Subhadra scheme, a significant initiative under the BJP
government. The scheme promises €50,000 to one crore women aged 21 to 60 over the next five years, with
a total budget allocation of 755,825 crore. The funds will be disbursed in annual instalments of 210,000,
divided into two payments of 85,000 each on Rakhi Purnima and International Women's Day.

Union Minister Launches SHe-Box Portal to Enhance Workplace Safety for Women
The Union Minister of Women and Child Development, Annapurna Devi, launched the new SHe-Box portal,
a centralized platform aimed at making workplaces safer for women by addressing complaints of sexual
harassment. The launch event, held in New Delhi, also included the introduction of a revamped ministry
website.

Union Minister Launches SHe-Box Portal to Enhance Workplace Safety for Women
The Union Minister of Women and Child Development, Annapurna Devi, launched the new SHe-Box portal,
a centralized platform aimed at making workplaces safer for women by addressing complaints of sexual
harassment. The launch event, held in New Delhi, also included the introduction of a revamped ministry
website.

Union Minister Launches SHe-Box Portal to Enhance Workplace Safety for Women
The Union Minister of Women and Child Development, Annapurna Devi, launched the new SHe-Box portal,
a centralized platform aimed at making workplaces safer for women by addressing complaints of sexual
harassment. The launch event, held in New Delhi, also included the introduction of a revamped ministry
website.

Union Cabinet Approves 'Vigyan Dhara' Scheme with a Budget of Rs 10,579 Crore
The Union Cabinet has approved the 'Vigyan Dhara' scheme, a new initiative that merges three existing
schemes under the IT department. Announced by Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnav, the scheme will be

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implemented at a cost of Rs 10,579 crore from 2021-22 to 2025-26, covering the period of the 15th Finance
Commission.
'Vigyan Dhara' aims to support students and researchers by providing internships for 11th and 12th-grade
students and fellowships for undergraduate, postgraduate, PhD, and post-doctoral research students. The
scheme also includes provisions for international partnerships, joint research projects, and fellowships for
advanced research.

Government Launches Satellite-Based Agriculture Services

The government has introduced a satellite-based decision support system to provide critical information, such
as crop management and product improvement, to farmers more efficiently. Union Minister of State for
Agriculture, Bhagirath Choudhary, launched the Geo Spatial Platform 'Agriculture-Decision Support System
(Agriculture-DSS).' This initiative is seen as a milestone for farmers, particularly amid intensifying climate
change.
The Agriculture-DSS will aid in crop monitoring, tracking different stages of crop growth, and understanding
crop rotation. Using satellite imagery, it will also help detect pest attacks and anticipate severe weather
changes, enabling farmers to take proactive measures to protect their crops.

Indian Attire for Graduation Ceremonies

The Union Health Department has recommended replacing the black coats and caps traditionally worn at
graduation ceremonies, considering them remnants of colonial culture. On August 23, the department urged
medical educational institutions under its purview to establish new guidelines for graduation attire that reflect
the traditions of their respective states. Institutes such as AIIMS and INI have been asked to propose Indian
dress codes for graduation ceremonies. These proposals will be reviewed and approved by the Union Health
Secretary to align graduation attire with regional cultural heritage.

Assam Assembly Cancels Friday Prayer Break

Assam Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sharma announced the cancellation of the two-hour break previously
provided every for Muslim MLAs to offer namaz in the Assam Legislative Assembly. Sharma stated that
abolishing this Jumma recess removes another colonial-era practice and enhances the Assembly's focus on
productivity.

PM Modi Distributes Certificates to 11 Lakh New 'Lakhpati Didis’

Prime Minister Narendra Modi distributed certificates to 11 lakh new Lakhpati Didis in a function organised
at Jalgaon in Maharashtra. The Prime Minister also felicitated Lakhpati Didis and discussed with them about
their businesses. These Lakhpati didis whose number is more than one crore in the country, are earning more
than one lakh rupees per year. 11 lakh new Lakhpati Didis, recently became Lakhpati during the third term of
the NDA Government.

BPCL Launches Drone-Aided Aerial Seeding for Bihar Hills

Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL) has introduced an advanced afforestation initiative named
"Aranya" in Bihar, utilizing drone technology for aerial seeding. This project aims to enhance the state's green
cover by deploying 100,000 seedballs across 50 hectares in three targeted forest regions.

Spices Board Launches SPICED Scheme to Boost Spice Exports and Productivity
The Spices Board of India has introduced the SPICED scheme, a strategic initiative to enhance spice exports
and productivity.
This scheme, officially named 'Sustainability in Spice Sector through Progressive, Innovative and
Collaborative Interventions for Export Development, will be implemented throughout the remainder of the
15th Finance Commission cycle.

Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh to Develop 'Shri Krishna Gaman Path’

In a significant move to boost religious tourism and cultural heritage, the Chief Ministers of Rajasthan and

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Madhya Pradesh have announced plans to develop a new religious circuit called the 'Shri Krishna Gaman
Path'. This initiative aims to connect the birthplace of Lord Krishna in Mathura with the sacred city of Ujjain
in Madhya Pradesh, tracing the footsteps of one of Hinduism's most revered deities.

Postal Dept launches Deen Dayal SPARSH Yojana to Encourage Philately

The Department of Post under the Union Ministry of Communication has launched the Deen Dayal SPARSH
Yojana to promote research and scholarship in philately among students across India. Announced by the
Postmaster General of North Gujarat Region, Ahmedabad, Krishna Kumar Yadav, during the closing
ceremony of the The Ideal and Great Stamps' Paintings exhibition, the scheme aims to foster the hobby of
stamp collection among children.

Ashwini Vaishnaw Launches 'Create in India Challenge-Season One’

Information and Broadcasting Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw launched 'Create in India Challenge-Season One'
in New Delhi on August 22 in the run-up to the World Audio Visual and Entertainment Summit. Speaking on
the occasion, Mr Vaishnaw said that reflecting the evolution of Indian economy and the impact of
technological advancements, 25 challenges have been launched.

'MYUVA Scheme'
UP CM Yogi Adityanath Announces 'MYUVA Scheme' To Empower Youth Entrepreneurs in UP On 15th
August 2024 (78th Independence day), Yogi Adityanath, the Chief Minister (CM) of Uttar Pradesh (UP), has
announced the launch of Mukhyamantri Yuva Udyam Vikas Abhiyan (MYUVA) scheme aimed at
empowering the youth of UP.
About the MYUVA Scheme:
I.MYUVA Scheme aims to prepare one lakh young entrepreneurs every year by providing interest-free loans
for projects of up to Rs 5 lakh.
* The young entrepreneurs were offered interest subsidies and Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and
Small Enterprises (CGTMSE) coverage in addition to interest-free loans.

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