Program Structure & Detailed Syllabus (VR 23)

II Year I Semester
Course Credit
S.No Category Course Name L T P
Code s
Random Variables and Stochastic
1 1000232103 BS 3 0 0 3
process
Universal Human Values–
2 1099232101 Understanding Harmony and Ethical
HSMC 2 1 0 3
Human Conduct
3 1004232101 ES Signals and Systems 3 0 0 3
4 1004232102 PCC Electronic Devices and Circuits 3 0 0 3
5 1004232103 PCC Digital Circuits Design 3 0 0 3
6 1004232110 PCC Electronic Devices and Circuits Lab 0 0 3 1.5
7 1004232111 PCC Digital Design & Signal Simulation lab 0 0 3 1.5
8 1004232180 SEC Python Programming 0 1 2 2
9 1003232104 ES Design Thinking & Innovation 1 0 2 2
Total Credits 20
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
COURSE STRUCTURE
(Applicable from the academic year 2023-24 onwards)

B.Tech.– II Year I Semester

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 Program Structure & Detailed Syllabus (VR 23)
Course Code L T P C
Random Variables and Stochastic process
1000232103 0 0 3 1.5

Course Overview:
The course covers key concepts related to random variables, including discrete, continuous,
and mixed random variables. It also covers expectations, transformations of random
variables, multiple random variables, and operations involving multiple random variables.
Course Objective:
To give students an introduction to elementary probability theory, in preparation to learn the
concepts of statistical analysis, random variables and stochastic processes. To mathematically
model the random phenomena with the help of probability theory concepts. To introduce the
important concepts of random variables and stochastic processes. To analyze the LTI systems
with stationary and om process as input. To introduce the types of noise and modelling noise
sources.

Course Outcomes:
After completion of the course students able to
Bloom’s
Bloom’s
Course outcome Taxonomy
taxonomy PO
Level
Understand the axiomatic formulation of
PO-1
modern Probability Theory and think of Understanding L2
PO-2
CO1 random variables as an intrinsic need for Applying L3
PO-4
the analysis of random phenomena.
Identify different types of random PO-1
Understanding L1
variables and compute statistical averages PO-2
CO2 Applying L3
of these random variables

Characterize the random processes in the Understanding L2

PO-1
CO3 time and frequency domains Applying L3
PO-2
Analyze the LTI systems with random Understanding L2 PO-1
CO4 inputs. Evaluating L4 PO-2

UNIT- I 9-Hours
Introduction, Review of Probability Theory, Definition of a Random Variable, Conditions for a
Function to be a Random Variable, Discrete, Continuous and Mixed Random Variables,
Distribution and Density functions, Properties, Binomial, Poisson, Uniform, Gaussian, Exponential,
Rayleigh, Conditional Distribution, Conditional Density, Properties.

Unit-II: 8-Hours
Introduction, Expected Value of a Random Variable, function of a Random Variable, Moments

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 Program Structure & Detailed Syllabus (VR 23)
about the Origin, Central Moments, Variance and Skew, Chebyshev’s Inequality, Characteristic
Function, Moment Generating Function, Transformations of a Random Variable: Monotonic
Transformations for a Continuous Random Variable, Non-monotonic Transformations of
Continuous Random Variable
Unit-III: 11-Hours
Vector Random Variables, Joint Distribution Function, Properties of Joint Distribution, Marginal
Distribution Functions, Conditional Distribution and Density, Statistical Independence, Sum of
Two Random Variables, Sum of Several Random Variables, Central Limit Theorem: Unequal
Distribution, Equal Distributions. Joint Moments about the Origin, Joint Central Moments, Joint
Characteristic Functions, Jointly Gaussian Random Variables: Two Random Variables case, N
Random Variables case, properties, Transformations of Multiple Random Variables, Linear
Transformations of Gaussian Random Variables.
Unit-IV: 9-Hours
The Random Process Concept, Classification of Processes, Deterministic and Non-deterministic
Processes, Distribution and Density Functions, Concept of Stationarity and Statistical
Independence. First-Order Stationary Processes, Second-order and Wide-Sense Stationarity, Nth-
order and Strict- Sense Stationarity, Time Averages and Ergodicity, Autocorrelation Function and
its Properties, Cross-Correlation Function and its Properties, Covariance Functions, Gaussian
Random Processes, Poisson Random Process.
Unit-V: 10-Hours
The Power Density Spectrum: Properties, Relationship between Power Density Spectrum and Auto
correlation Function, The Cross-Power Density Spectrum, Properties, Relationship between Cross-
Power Density Spectrum and Cross-Correlation Function.
Random Signal Response of Linear Systems: System Response–Convolution, Mean and Mean-
squared Value of System Response, Auto correlation Function of Response, Cross-Correlation
Functions of Input and Output, Spectral Characteristics of System Response: Power Density
Spectrum of Response, Cross-Power Density Spectra of Input and Output.
Text Books:
1. Probability, Random Variables & Random Signal Principles,
Peyton Z. Peebles, TMH,4thEdition,2001.
2. Probability, Random Variables and Stochastic Processes, Athanasios Papoulis and
S.Unnikrisha, PHI,4thEdition,2002.
3. Probability and Random Processes with Applications to Signal Processing, Henry Stark and
JohnW.Woods, Pearson Education, 3rdEdition, 2001.
Reference Books:
1. Schaum's Outline of Probability, Random Variables, and Random Processes,1997.
2. An Introduction to Random Signals and Communication Theory, B.P.Lathi, International
Textbook, 1968.
3. Probability Theory and Random Processes, P.Ramesh Babu, McGrawHill, 2015.

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 Program Structure & Detailed Syllabus (VR 23)
Course Code L T P C
UNIVERSAL HUMAN VALUES – UNDERSTANDING
1099232101 HARMONY AND ETHICAL HUMAN CONDUCT 2 1 0 3

Course Objectives:
 To help the students appreciate the essential complementary between 'VALUES' and
'SKILLS' to ensure sustained happiness and prosperity which are the core aspirations
of all human beings.
 To facilitate the development of a Holistic perspective among students towards life
and profession as well as towards happiness and prosperity based on a correct
understanding of the Human reality and the rest of existence. Such holistic
perspective forms the basis of Universal Human Values and movement towards
value-based living in a natural way.
 To highlight plausible implications of such a Holistic understanding in terms of
ethical human conduct, trustful and mutually fulfilling human behaviour and mutually
enriching interaction with Nature.

Course Outcomes:
 Define the terms like Natural Acceptance, Happiness and Prosperity
 Identify one’s self, and one’s surroundings (family, society nature)
 Apply what they have learnt to their own self in different day-to-day settings in real
life
 Relate human values with human relationship and human society.
 Justify the need for universal human values and harmonious existence
 Develop as socially and ecologically responsible engineers

Course Topics

The course has 28 lectures and 14 tutorials in 5 modules. The lectures and tutorials are of 1-
hour duration. Tutorial sessions are to be used to explore and practice what has been
proposed during the lecture sessions.
The Teacher’s Manual provides the outline for lectures as well as practice sessions. The
teacher is expected to present the issues to be discussed as propositions and encourage the
students to have a dialogue.

UNIT I
Introduction to Value Education (6 lectures and 3 tutorials for practice session)
Lecture 1: Right Understanding, Relationship and Physical Facility (Holistic Development
and the Role of Education)
Lecture 2: Understanding Value Education
Tutorial 1: Practice Session PS1 Sharing about Oneself Lecture 3: self-exploration as the
Process for Value Education

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 Program Structure & Detailed Syllabus (VR 23)
Lecture4: Continuous Happiness and Prosperity – the Basic Human Aspirations Tutorial 2:
Practice Session PS2 Exploring Human Consciousness
Lecture 5: Happiness and Prosperity – Current Scenario Lecture 6: Method to Fulfill the
Basic Human Aspirations Tutorial 3: Practice Session PS3 Exploring Natural Acceptance

UNIT II
Harmony in the Human Being (6 lectures and 3 tutorials for practice session) Lecture 7:
Understanding Human being as the Co-existence of the self and the body. Lecture 8:
Distinguishing between the Needs of the self and the body
Tutorial 4: Practice Session PS4 Exploring the difference of Needs of self and body. Lecture
9: The body as an Instrument of the self
Lecture 10: Understanding Harmony in the self
Tutorial 5: Practice Session PS5 Exploring Sources of Imagination in the self-Lecture 11:
Harmony of the self with the body
Lecture 12: Programme to ensure self-regulation and Health
Tutorial 6: Practice Session PS6 Exploring Harmony of self with the body

UNIT III
Harmony in the Family and Society (6 lectures and 3 tutorials for practice session)
Lecture 13: Harmony in the Family – the Basic Unit of Human Interaction Lecture 14: 'Trust'
– the Foundational Value in Relationship
Tutorial 7: Practice Session PS7 Exploring the Feeling of Trust Lecture 15: 'Respect' – as the
Right Evaluation
Tutorial 8: Practice Session PS8 Exploring the Feeling of Respect
Lecture 16: Other Feelings, Justice in Human-to-Human Relationship Lecture 17:
Understanding Harmony in the Society
Lecture 18: Vision for the Universal Human Order
Tutorial 9: Practice Session PS9 Exploring Systems to fulfil Human Goal

UNIT IV
Harmony in the Nature/Existence (4 lectures and 2 tutorials for practice session)
Lecture 19: Understanding Harmony in the Nature
Lecture 20: Interconnectedness, self-regulation and Mutual Fulfilment among the Four
Orders of Nature
Tutorial 10: Practice Session PS10 Exploring the Four Orders of Nature Lecture 21:
Realizing Existence as Co-existence at All Levels
Lecture 22: The Holistic Perception of Harmony in Existence
Tutorial 11: Practice Session PS11 Exploring Co-existence in Existence.

UNIT V
Implications of the Holistic Understanding – a Look at Professional Ethics (6 lectures and 3
tutorials for practice session)

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 Program Structure & Detailed Syllabus (VR 23)
Lecture 23: Natural Acceptance of Human Values Lecture 24: Definitiveness of (Ethical)
Human Conduct
Tutorial 12: Practice Session PS12 Exploring Ethical Human Conduct
Lecture 25: A Basis for Humanistic Education, Humanistic Constitution and Universal
Human Order
Lecture 26: Competence in Professional Ethics
Tutorial 13: Practice Session PS13 Exploring Humanistic Models in Education
Lecture 27: Holistic Technologies, Production Systems and Management Models-Typical
Case Studies
Lecture 28: Strategies for Transition towards Value-based Life and Profession
Tutorial 14: Practice Session PS14 Exploring Steps of Transition towards Universal Human
Order

Practice Sessions for

UNIT I – Introduction to Value Education
PS1 Sharing about Oneself
PS2 Exploring Human Consciousness
PS3 Exploring Natural Acceptance
Practice Sessions for

UNIT II – Harmony in the Human Being

PS4 Exploring the difference of Needs of self and body PS5 Exploring Sources of
Imagination in the self
PS6 Exploring Harmony of self with the body
Practice Sessions for

UNIT III – Harmony in the Family and Society

PS7 Exploring the Feeling of Trust PS8 Exploring the Feeling of Respect
PS9 Exploring Systems to fulfil Human Goal
Practice Sessions for

UNIT IV – Harmony in the Nature (Existence)

PS10 Exploring the Four Orders of Nature PS11 Exploring Co-existence in Existence
Practice Sessions for

UNIT V – Implications of the Holistic Understanding – a Look at Professional Ethics

PS12 Exploring Ethical Human Conduct
PS13 Exploring Humanistic Models in Education
PS14 Exploring Steps of Transition towards Universal Human Order
Readings:

Textbook and Teachers Manual

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 Program Structure & Detailed Syllabus (VR 23)
a. The Textbook
R R Gaur, R Asthana, G P Bagaria, A Foundation Course in Human Values and Professional
Ethics, 2nd Revised Edition, Excel Books, New Delhi, 2019. ISBN 978-93-87034-47-1

b..The Teacher’s Manual

R R Gaur, R Asthana, G P Bagaria,Teachers’ Manual for A Foundation Course in Human
Values and Professional Ethics, 2nd Revised Edition, Excel Books, New Delhi, 2019. ISBN
978-93-87034-53-2
Reference Books
1. JeevanVidya: EkParichaya, A Nagaraj, JeevanVidyaPrakashan, Amarkantak, 1999.
2. Human Values, A.N. Tripathi, New Age Intl. Publishers, New Delhi, 2004.
3. The Story of Stuff (Book).
4. The Story of My Experiments with Truth - by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
5. Small is Beautiful - E. F Schumacher.
6. Slow is Beautiful - Cecile Andrews
7. Economy of Permanence - J C Kumarappa
8. Bharat Mein Angreji Raj – PanditSunderlal
9. Rediscovering India - by Dharampal
10. Hind Swaraj or Indian Home Rule - by Mohandas K. Gandhi
11. India Wins Freedom - Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad
12. Vivekananda - Romain Rolland (English)
13. Gandhi - Romain Rolland (English)

Mode of Conduct:
Lecture hours are to be used for interactive discussion, placing the proposals about the topics
at hand and motivating students to reflect, explore and verify them.
Tutorial hours are to be used for practice sessions.

While analyzing and discussing the topic, the faculty mentor’s role is in pointing to essential
elements to help in sorting them out from the surface elements. In other words, help the
students explore the important or critical elements.
In the discussions, particularly during practice sessions (tutorials), the mentor encourages the
student to connect with one’s own self and do self-observation, self-reflection and self-
exploration.

Scenarios may be used to initiate discussion. The student is encouraged to take up” ordinary”
situations rather than” extra-ordinary” situations. Such observations and their
analyses are shared and discussed with other students and faculty mentor, in a group
sitting.Tutorials (experiments or practical) are important for the course. The difference is that
the laboratory is everyday life, and practical are how you behave and work in real life.
Depending on the nature of topics, worksheets, home assignment and/or activity are included.
The practice sessions (tutorials) would also provide support to a student in performing actions

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 Program Structure & Detailed Syllabus (VR 23)
commensurate to his/her beliefs. It is intended that this would lead to development of
commitment, namely behaving and working based on basic human values.
It is recommended that this content be placed before the student as it is, in the form of a basic
foundation course, without including anything else or excluding any part of this content.
Additional content may be offered in separate, higher courses. This course is to be taught by
faculty from every teaching department, not exclusively by any one department.
Teacher preparation with a minimum exposure to at least one 8-day Faculty Development
Program on Universal Human Values is deemed essential.

Online Resources:
1. https://fdp-si.aicte-india.org/UHV II%20Class%20Notes%20&%20Handouts/UHV
%20Handout%201- Introduction%20to%20Value%20Education.pdf
2. https://fdp-si.aicte-india.org/UHV- II%20Class%20Notes%20&%20Handouts/UHV
%20Handout%202- Harmony%20in%20the%20Human%20Being.pdf
3. https://fdp-si.aicte-india.org/UHV- II%20Class%20Notes%20&%20Handouts/UHV
%20Handout%203- Harmony%20in%20the%20Family.pdf
4. https://fdp-si.aicte-india.org/UHV%201%20Teaching%20Material/D3-
S2%20Respect%20July%2023.pdf
5. https://fdp-si.aicte-india.org/UHV- II%20Class%20Notes%20&%20Handouts/UHV
%20Handout%205- Harmony%20in%20the%20Nature%20and%20Existence.pdf
6. https://fdp-si.aicte-india.org/download/FDPTeachingMaterial/3-days%20FDP- SI
%20UHV%20Teaching%20Material/Day%203%20Handouts/UHV%203D%20D3-
S2A%20Und%20Nature-Existence.pdf
7. https://fdp-si.aicte- india.org/UHV%20II%20Teaching%20Material/UHV%20II
%20Lecture%2023- 25%20Ethics%20v1.pdf
8. https://www.studocu.com/in/document/kiet-group-of-institutions/universal-human-
values/chapter-5-holistic-understanding-of-harmony-on-professional-ethics/62490385
9. https://onlinecourses.swayam2.ac.in/aic22_ge23/preview

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 Program Structure & Detailed Syllabus (VR 23)

Course Code L T P C
SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS
1004232101 0 0 3 1.5

Course Overview:
This course integrates the basic concepts of both continuous and discrete time signals and
systems. It covers the linear time invariant systems and their analysis in time and frequency
domain, mathematical tools, correlation and convolution of signals, sampling techniques. It
provides the necessary background needed for understanding the signal processing and
communications.

Course Objective:
The representation, classification and analysis of continuous, discrete time signals in time and
frequency domains. The Fourier transform, Laplace and Z- transforms and their properties to
analyze the signals and systems. Development of the mathematical skills to solve problems
involving convolution, correlation and sampling.

Course Outcomes:
After completion of the course students can able to:

Bloom’s
Bloom’s
Course outcome Taxonomy
taxonomy PO
Level
Understand the mathematical description
Understanding L2 PO-1, PO-2,
CO1 and representation of continuous-time
Applying L3 PO3
and discrete-time signals and systems.
Classify systems based on their
Understanding L2 PO-1, PO-2,
CO2 properties and determine the response of
Applying L3 PO-3, PO-4
LTI system using convolution.
Apply the Fourier transform, Laplace
transform and Z- transform for analyze Understanding L2 PO-1, PO-2,
CO3 of continuous-time and discrete-time Evaluating L4 PO-3, PO-5
signals and systems.
Apply sampling theorem to convert
continuous-time signals to discrete-time
Understanding L2 PO-1, PO-2,
CO4 signals and reconstruct back, different
Evaluating L3 PO-3, PO-5
transform techniques to solve signals and
system related problems.

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 Program Structure & Detailed Syllabus (VR 23)
UNIT- I 9-Hours
Signals & Systems: Definition of signal & system, Basic operations on signals, Classification of
signals, Basic continuous time signals and continuous time systems, Classification of discrete time
signals and systems Complex exponential and sinusoidal signals, Singularity function and related
functions: impulse function, unit step, ramp function.
Unit-II: 9-Hours
Linear Time Invariant (LTI) Systems: Time-Domain representation & Characterization of LTI
systems, Impulse response representation, Convolution integral & Convolution sum, Properties of LTI
systems, Stability criteria for LTI systems, Elements of Continuous time & Discrete-time LTI
systems. Circular Convolution. Concepts of Correlation of signals, Properties, applications.
.
Unit-III: 9-Hours
Fourier Representation of Signals: Fourier representation of Signals, Continuous -time Fourier
series and their properties, Application of Fourier series to LTI systems, Fourier Transform & its
properties, Applications of Fourier Transform to LTI systems, Relationship to other transforms.
Hilbert transform and its properties.

Unit-IV: 10-Hours
Laplace Transform: Introduction & Definition, Region-of- convergence, Properties of Laplace
transform, Inverse Laplace Transform, Applications of Laplace Transform in analysis of LTI systems,
Unilateral Laplace transform & its applications to solve differential equations, Analysis of Electric
circuits.
Z-Transform: The Z-Transform, Region-of-convergence, properties of Z-Transform, Inverse Z-
Transform, Transform Analysis of Discrete-time LTI systems, Unilateral Z-Transform & its
applications to LTI systems described by difference equations.

Unit-V: 8-Hours
Sampling: Graphical & Analytical proof of Band-limited signals, Low pass and band pass sampling
theorems, Sampling and reconstruction of band limited signals, Aliasing, Anti- aliasing filter,
Illustrative Problems.

Text Books:
1. A.V. Oppenheim, A.S. Willsky and S.H. Nawab, “Signals and Systems”, 2nd Edition, PHI, 2009.
2. Signals, Systems & Communications - B.P. Lathi, B S Publications, 2003.
3. S.Haykin and B.VanVeen “Signals and Systems, Wiley, 1998.

Reference Books:
1. Signals and Systems – K Deergha Rao, Springer International Edition, 2018.
2. Principles of Linear Systems and Signals – BP Lathi, Oxford University Press, 2015
3. Hwei Hsu, “Schaum's Outline of Signals and Systems”, 4thEdition, TMH, 2019.
4. Fundamentals of Signals and Systems- Michel J. Robert, MGH International Edition, 2008.

Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Page 10

 Program Structure & Detailed Syllabus (VR 23)

Course Code L T P C
ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUITS
1004232102 0 0 3 1.5

Course Overview:
This course provides an in-depth study of electronic devices and circuits, focusing on
the principles, operations, and applications of semiconductor devices. The course covers the
theoretical foundations and practical aspects of electronic circuits, including diodes,
transistors, and operational amplifiers. Through lectures, lab sessions, and problem-solving
exercises, students will gain a comprehensive understanding of electronic components and
their integration into circuits.

Course Objective:
 The students can understand the basic principles and characteristics of
semiconductor devices like Diode, BJT, JFET and MOSFET.
 The students can able to analyze diode & transistor circuits, various biasing
methods, equivalent circuits of transistor amplifiers and their comparison.
 The students can able to study and analyze various applications such as rectifiers,
filters, transistor amplifiers with necessary equivalent circuits.

Course Outcomes:
Bloom’s
At the end of the course, the Bloom’s
COs Taxonomy
student will have the ability to: taxonomy POs
Level
Demonstrate different kind of
CO
semiconductor devices based on 1, 2,3
1 Understanding L2
the principle of operations.
CO Illustrate transistor configurations
3,9,10
2 in different modes of operation Understanding L2
Construct FET with different
CO
configurations and understand the 2,3,9,10
3 Applying L3
various biasing techniques of FET.
Analyze h-parameter models of an
CO
amplifier circuit in different 1,2,3,9,10
4 Analyzing L4
configurations

UNIT- I 10-Hours
P-N Junction Diode Characteristics:
Qualitative theory of the p-n junction, open circuited p-n Junction, the p-n junction as a Diode, Diode

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 Program Structure & Detailed Syllabus (VR 23)
act as a Rectifier, V-I characteristics, Diode Resistance and Diode Capacitance, Current components
in a p-n Diode, Diode current equation, Quantitative analysis of Half-wave and Full-wave Rectifiers
with and without filters, Breakdown mechanisms, Zener diode, Zener diode as a voltage Regulator
Unit-II: 9-Hours
Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) Characteristics:
The junction transistor-construction, symbols and operation, transistor current components, transistor
current equation, transistor configurations, characteristics of CB, CE and CC configurations and their
comparison, the early effect, punch through/reach through, transistor as an amplifier, Ebers-Moll
model of a transistor, UJT Characteristics.
Unit-III: 10-Hours
Field Effect Transistor (FET) Characteristics:
The Junction Field-effect Transistor (JFET)-types, construction and operation, the pinch-off voltage,
JFET characteristics, JFET parameters, JFET equivalent circuits, JFET applications, comparison
between BJT and JFET, Metal-oxide-Semiconductor FET (MOSFET)- types, Construction, operation
and characteristics, comparison between JFET and MOSFET.
Unit-IV: 9-Hours
Transistor Biasing and Thermal Stabilization:
Need for biasing, the operating point, load line analysis, BJT biasing- methods, fixed bias, collector to
base bias, self-bias, bias stability, stability factors, (S, S', S'’), bias compensation, thermal runaway,
thermal stability, Biasing of FETs. Introduction to two-port network, transistor hybrid model,
determination of h- parameters, conversion of h-parameters, generalized analysis of transistor
amplifier using h- parameters (exact analysis & approximate analysis).
Unit-V: 8-Hours
Low Frequency BJT & FET Amplifier Circuits: Analysis of CB, CE and CC amplifiers using h-
parameter model, comparison of BJT transistor amplifiers, FET small signal model, analysis of CG,
CS and CD amplifiers, comparison of FET amplifiers.
High Frequency BJT & FET Amplifier Circuits: Transistor at high frequencies, Hybrid- π model,
Hybrid-π conductance’s, Hybrid-π capacitances, Hybrid-π parameters in terms of h- parameters, CE
short circuit current gain, current gain with resistive load.
Text Books:
4. Integrated Electronics – Jacob Millman, C. Halkias, C.D.Parikh , Tata Mc-Graw Hill Education
(India) Private Limited, Second Edition, 2011.
5. Electronic Devices and Circuits- J. Millman, C. Halkias, Mc-Graw Hill Education (India) Private
Limited, Fourth Edition, 2015.

Reference Books:
5. Electronic Devices and Circuits- S Salivahanan, N Suresh Kumar, Tata Mc-Graw Hill, Third
Edition, 2012.
6. Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory-R.L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky, Pearson
Publications, Tenth Edition.

Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Page 12

 Program Structure & Detailed Syllabus (VR 23)

Course Code L T P C
DIGITAL CIRCUITS DESIGN
1004232103 0 0 3 1.5

Course Overview:
This course covers Boolean algebra, logic gates, and combinational/sequential circuits. It
includes flip-flops, counters, and finite state machines. The course explores hardware
description languages and FPGAs.

Course Objective:
 Understand the properties of Boolean algebra, logic operations, and minimization of
Boolean functions.
 Analyze the design concepts of combinational circuits and sequential logic circuits.
 Understand the concepts of FSM and compare various Programmable logic devices.
 Apply Verilog HDL on implementing Combinational and Sequential circuits.

Course Outcomes:
After completion of the course students able to

Bloom’s
Bloom’s taxonomy Taxonomy
Course outcome PO
Level
Understand the properties of Boolean PO-1, PO-2,
algebra, logic operations, and Understanding L2 PO-3, PO-
CO1
minimization of the Boolean functions 12
Develop combinational circuits and PO-1, PO-2,
Applying L3
CO2 sequential logic circuits. PO-3,
Analyze the concepts of finite state
PO-1, PO-2,
machines and Compare various L4
CO3 Analyzing PO-3, PO-4
Programmable logic devices.
Design and Model combinational and PO-1, PO-2,
CO4 Analyzing L4
sequential circuits using HDLs. PO-3, PO-5

UNIT- I 10-Hours
Boolean algebra, logic operations, and minimization of Boolean functions: Number Systems and
Codes, Representation of unsigned and signed integers, Floating Point representation of real numbers,
Laws of Boolean Algebra, Theorems of Boolean Algebra, Realization of functions using logic gates,
Canonical forms of Boolean Functions, Minimization of Functions using Karnaugh Maps, QM
algorithm.
Unit-II: 10-Hours
Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Page 13
 Program Structure & Detailed Syllabus (VR 23)
Combinational Logic Circuits:
Combinational circuits, Design with basic logic gates, design procedure, adders, subtractors, 4-bit
binary adder/ subtractor circuit, BCD adder, carry look- a-head adder, magnitude comparator,
multiplexers, demultiplexers, decoders, encoders and priority encoders.
Unit-III: 10-Hours
Sequential Logic Circuits: Basic architectural distinction between combinational and sequential
circuits, Design procedure, latches, flip-flops, truth tables and excitation tables, timing and triggering
consideration, conversion of flip- flops, registers, shift registers, universal shift register, design of
synchronous and asynchronous counters, ring counter, Johnson counter.
Unit-IV: 10-Hours
Finite State Machines and Programmable Logic Devices: Types of FSM, capabilities and
limitations of FSM, state assignment, realization of FSM using flip-flops, Mealy to Moore conversion
and vice-versa, reduction of state tables using partition technique, Design of sequence detector,
Introduction to logic families, Types of PLD’s: PROM, PAL, PLA, basic structure of CPLD and
FPGA, advantages of FPGAs.
Unit-V: 10-Hours
Hardware Description Language: Introduction to Verilog as HDL-gate level, behavioral level and
structural level modeling of logic circuits, Module, Test bench, Keywords, Identifiers, White Space,
Characters, Comments, Numbers, Strings, Logic Values, Data Types, Scalars and Vectors,
Continuous Assignment Structure, Delays and Continuous Assignments, Assignment to Vector.
Verilog for combinational circuits - conditional operator, if-else statement, case statement, for loop,
Verilog Operators, using Verilog constructs for storage elements, Blocking and Non-blocking
Assignments.
Text Books:
1. M. Morris Mano, “Digital Design”, 3rd Edition, PHI. (Unit I to IV)
2. Stephen Brown and ZvonkoVranesic, “Fundamentals of Digital Logic with Verilog Design”, 3rd
Edition, McGraw-Hill (Unit V)

Reference Books:
1. Charles H. Roth, Jr, “Fundamentals of Logic Design”, 4th Edition, Jaico Publishers.
2. ZviKohavi and NirajK.Jha, “Switching and Finite Automata Theory, 3rd Edition, Cambridge
University Press, 2010.
3. Samir Palnitkar, “Verilog HDL: A Guide to Digital Design and Synthesis”, 2 Edition, Prentice
Hall PTR.
4. D.P. Leach, A.P. Malvino, “Digital Principles and Applications”, TMH, 7th Edition.

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Course Code L T P C
ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUITS LAB
1004232110 0 0 3 1.5

Course Objectives:
 Verify the theoretical concepts by conduct suitable experiment using necessary
hardware.
 Analyze the characteristics of Diodes, Rectifiers, BJT, FET by conduct experiments.
 Design an amplifier circuit using specifications and obtain the performance
parameters experimentally.
 Simulate the electronic circuits using EDA tools like PSPICE/Multisim.

PART A: Electronic Workshop Practice

1. Identification, Specifications, Testing of R, L, C Components (Colour Codes),

Potentiometers, Coils, Gang Condensers, Relays, Bread Boards.
2. Identification, Specifications and Testing of active devices like Diode, LED, BJT,
FET and MOSFET.
3. Soldering Practice- Simple circuits using active and passive components.
4. Study and operation of Ammeters, Voltmeters, Transformers, Analog and Digital
Multimeter, Function Generator, Regulated Power Supply and CRO.

PART B: List of Experiments: (Minimum Twelve Experiments has to be performed)

1. P-N Junction Diode Characteristics

Part A: Germanium Diode (Forward bias& Reverse bias) Part B: Silicon Diode
(Forward Bias only)
2. Zener Diode Characteristics Part A: V-I Characteristics
Part B: Zener Diode as Voltage Regulator
3. Rectifiers (without and with c-filter) Part A: Half-wave Rectifier
Part B: Full-wave Rectifier
4. BJT Characteristics (CE Configuration)
Part A: Input Characteristics Part B: Output Characteristics
5. FET Characteristics (CS Configuration) Part A: Drain Characteristics
Part B: Transfer Characteristics
6. Transistor Biasing Part A: Operating Point Part B: Load line analysis
7. Design and analysis of voltage- divider bias/self-bias circuit using BJT.
8. Design and analysis of self-bias circuit using FET/MOSFET.
9. CRO Operation and its Measurements
10. Determination of h-parameters of a given BJT using hybrid model.
11. Frequency response of BJT-CE Amplifier
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 Program Structure & Detailed Syllabus (VR 23)
12. Frequency response of Emitter Follower-CC Amplifier
13. Frequency response of FET-CS Amplifier
14. Frequency response of FET-CD Amplifier

PART C:
Hardware Required: Regulated Power supplies, Analog/Digital Storage
Oscilloscopes, Analog/Digital Function Generators, Digital Multimeters, Decade Résistance
Boxes/Rheostats, Decade Capacitance Boxes, Ammeters (Analog or Digital), Voltmeters
(Analog or Digital), Active & Passive Electronic Components
Software Required: Software like Multisim/ PSPICE or Equivalent EDA Tool.

Course Outcomes:

After completing the course, the student should be able to

 The theoretical concepts shall be verified by conducting experiment using hardware.

 Analyze the characteristics of Diodes, Rectifiers, BJT, FET by conducting
experiments.
 Design an amplifier circuit using specifications and obtain the performance
parameters using hardware equipment.
 Simulate the electronic circuits using EDA tools like PSPICE/Multisim or equivalent.

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 Program Structure & Detailed Syllabus (VR 23)

Course Code L TP C
DIGITAL DESIGN & SIGNAL SIMULATION LAB
1004232111 0 0 3 1.5

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 Verify the truth tables of various logic circuits.
 Design sequential/combinational circuit using Hardware Description Language and verify
their functionality.
 Simulate various Signals and Systems through MATLAB
 Analyze the output of a system when it is excited by different types of deterministic
and random signals.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
CO’s At the end of the course, the student will have the ability to:
Design and verify the functionality of various combinational logic circuits using
CO1
HDL.
Design and verify the functionality of various sequential logic circuits using
CO2
HDL.
CO3 Understand how to simulate different types of signals and system response.
Analyze the response of different systems when they are excited by different
CO4
signals and plot power spectral density of signals.

PART-A
S.No. Name of the experiment Skill
Write HDL code to realize all the logic Implement simple logical operations using
1
gates Truth tables
Verify the of functionality of 3 to 8-line
2 Design the decoder using VERILOG
Decoder
4 variable logic function verification Design and implement the 8 to 1
3
using 8 to1 multiplexer. multiplexer.
Design and verify the functionality of full Implement the full adder and full subtractor
4
adder circuit, full subtractor. circuit
Verify the functionality of single bit and
5 Verify the truth table of comparators.
4-bit comparator
Design and verify the functionality of
6 Verify the truth table of various flip flops.
different flipflops
Design and verify the operation of 4-bit
Verify the left, right shift operations and
7 Universal Shift Register for different
parallel load operations.
Modes of operation.

8 Design up counter and down counters Design various counters.

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Design MOD–8 synchronous counter Design synchronous/a synchronous mod-8

9
/asynchronous counters. counter

PART-B
S. No. Name of the Experiment Skill
Generate various Signals and
Sequences: Periodic and Aperiodic,
1 Unit Impulse, Unit Step, Square, Saw Observe the generation of various signals.
tooth, Triangular, Sinusoidal, Ramp,
Sinc function
Operations on Signals and Sequences:
Addition, Multiplication, Scaling,
2 Analyze the Operations on Signals.
Shifting, Folding, Computation of
Energy and Average Power.
Write a program to find the
trigonometric & exponential Fourier
series coefficients of a rectangular
Find the trigonometric & exponential
periodic signal. Reconstruct the signal
3 Fourier series coefficients of a periodic
by combining the Fourier series
signals.
coefficients with appropriate
weightings- Plot the discrete spectrum
of the signal.
Write a program to find Fourier
Analyze frequency spectrum of a given
4 transform of a given signal. Plot its
signal.
amplitude and phase spectrum.
Write a program to convolve two
Verify the Circular Convolution for discrete
5 discrete time sequences. Plot all the
time signals.
sequences.
Write a program to find autocorrelation
Obtain the autocorrelation and cross
6 and cross correlation of given
correlation of given sequences.
sequences.
Write a program to verify Linearity and
Verify the linearity and time invariance
7 Time Invariance properties of a given
properties of a given systems.
Continuous System.
Write a program to generate discrete
time sequence by sampling a
continuous time signal. Show that with Verify the sampling theorem of a given
8
sampling rates less than Nyquist rate, signal.
aliasing occurs while reconstructing the
signal.
Write a program to generate Complex
Gaussian noise and find its mean, Analyze Probability Density Function
9 variance, Probability Density Function (PDF) and Power Spectral Density (PSD) of
(PDF) and Power Spectral Density a given signal.
(PSD).

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 Program Structure & Detailed Syllabus (VR 23)

Course Code Python Programming L T P C

(Skill Enhancement Course)
1004232180 0 1 2 2

Course Overview:
This course typically covers fundamental programming concepts, including data types,
control structures, functions, and object-oriented programming. They also emphasize
practical applications and hands-on coding exercises to build proficiency in writing and
debugging Python code.

Course Objective:
The main objectives of the course are to
• Introduce core programming concepts of Python programming language.
• Demonstrate about Python data structures like Lists, Tuples, Sets and dictionaries
• Implement Functions, Modules and Regular Expressions in Python Programming and to
create practical and contemporary applications using these

Course Outcomes:
After completion of the course students able to
Bloom’s
Bloom’s
Taxonomy
Course outcome taxonomy PO
Level
Show case adept command of Python
syntax, deftly utilizing variables, data
types, control structures, functions, Understanding L2 PO-1 PO-2,
CO1 modules, and exception handling to Applying L3 PO-5
engineer robust and efficient code
solutions.
apply Python programming concepts to PO-1
Understanding L2
solve a variety of computational PO-2
CO2 Applying L3
problems PO-5
understand the principles of object-
oriented programming (OOP) in Python,
including classes, objects, inheritance, Understanding L2 PO-1, PO-2
CO3 polymorphism, and encapsulation, and Applying L3 PO-5
apply them to design and implement
Python programs
exhibit competence in implementing and PO-1
manipulating fundamental data Understanding L2 PO-2, PO-4
CO4 structures such as lists, tuples, sets, Evaluating L4 PO-5
dictionaries (L3) PO-11

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 Program Structure & Detailed Syllabus (VR 23)

UNIT-I 9-Hours
History of Python Programming Language, Thrust Areas of Python, Installing Anaconda
Python Distribution, Installing and Using Jupyter Notebook. Parts of Python Programming
Language: Identifiers, Keywords, Statements and Expressions, Variables, Operators,
Precedence and Associativity, Data Types, Indentation, Comments, Reading Input, Print
Output, Type Conversions, the type () Function and Is Operator, Dynamic and Strongly
Typed Language.
Control Flow Statements: if statement, if-else statement, if...elif…else, Nested if statement,
while Loop, for Loop, continue and break Statements, Catching Exceptions Using try and
except Statement.

Sample Experiments:
1. Write a program to find the largest element among three Numbers.
2. Write a Program to display all prime numbers within an interval
3. Write a program to swap two numbers without using a temporary variable.
4. Demonstrate the following Operators in Python with suitable examples.
i) Arithmetic Operators ii) Relational Operators iii) Assignment Operators iv) Logical
Operators v) Bit wise Operators vi) Ternary Operator vii) Membership Operators viii)
Identity Operators
5. Write a program to add and multiply complex numbers
6.Write a program to print multiplication table of a given number
Unit-II: 8-Hours
Functions: Built-In Functions, Commonly Used Modules, Function Definition and Calling
the function, return Statement and void Function, Scope and Lifetime of Variables, Default
Parameters, Keyword Arguments, *args and **kwargs, Command Line Arguments. Strings:
Creating and Storing Strings, Basic String Operations, Accessing Characters in String by
Index Number, String Slicing and Joining, String Methods, Formatting Strings. Lists:
Creating Lists, Basic List Operations, Indexing and Slicing in Lists, Built-In Functions Used
on Lists, List Methods, del Statement.
Sample Experiments:
7.Write a program to define a function with multiple return values.
8.Write a program to define a function using default arguments.
9.Write a program to find the length of the string without using any library functions.
10.Write a program to check if the substring is present in a given string or not.
11.Write a program to create, display, append, insert and reverse the order of the items in the
list.

Unit-III: 10-Hours
Dictionaries: Creating Dictionary, Accessing and Modifying key: value Pairs in
Dictionaries, Built-In Functions Used on Dictionaries, Dictionary Methods, del Statement.

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 Program Structure & Detailed Syllabus (VR 23)
Tuples and Sets: Creating Tuples, Basic Tuple Operations, tuple() Function, Indexing and
Slicing in Tuples, Built-In Functions Used on Tuples, Relation between Tuples and Lists,
Relation between Tuples and Dictionaries, Using zip() Function, Sets, Set Methods,
Frozenset.
Sample Experiments:
12. Write a program to create tuples (name, age, address, college) for at least two
members and concatenate the tuples and print the concatenated tuples.
13. Write a program to count the number of vowels in a string (No control flow
allowed).
14. Write a program to check if a given key exists in a dictionary or not.
15. Write a program to add a new key-value pair to an existing dictionary.
16. Write a program to sum all the items in a given dictionary.

Unit-IV: 8-Hours
Files: Types of Files, Creating and Reading Text Data, File Methods to Read and Write Data,
Reading and Writing Binary Files, Pickle Module, Reading and Writing CSV Files, Python
os and os.path Modules.
Sample Experiments:
17. Write a program to sort words in a file and put them in another file. The
output files should have only lower-case words, so any upper-case words from
source must be lowered.
18. Python program to print each line of a file in reverse order.
19. Python program to compute the number of characters, words and lines in a
file.

Unit-V: 6-Hours
Object-Oriented Programming: Classes and Objects, Creating Classes in Python, Creating
Objects in Python, Constructor Method, Classes with Multiple Objects, Class Attributes Vs
Data Attributes, Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism.
Sample Experiments:
20. Write a program to add, transpose and multiply two matrices.
21. Write a Python program to create a class that represents a shape. Include methods
to calculate its area and perimeter. Implement subclasses for different shapes like
circle, triangle, and square.
22.Write a program to compute student grade using classes and object.
23.Write a class person with attribute write a class Person with attributes name, age,
weight (kgs), height (ft) and takes them through the constructor and exposes a method
get_bmi_result() which returns one of "under weight", "healthy", "obese".
Text Books:
1. “Gowri shankar S, Veena A., Introduction to Python Programming, CRC Press.
2. Python Programming, S Sridhar, J Indumathi, V M Hariharan, 2nd Edition,
Pearson, 2024
3. Introduction to Programming Using Python, Y. Daniel Liang, Pearson.

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 Program Structure & Detailed Syllabus (VR 23)
Reference Books:
1. Mark Lutz & David Ascher, "Learning Python", Oreilly Publications, 5th edition
Online Learning Resources/Virtual Labs:
https://www.coursera.org/learn/python-for-applied-data-science-ai
https://www.coursera.org/learn/python?specialization=python#syllabus

Course Code L TP C
DESIGN THINKING & INNOVATION
1003232104 0 1 2 2

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Course Objectives:
The objective of this course is to familiarize students with design thinking process as a tool
for breakthrough innovation. It aims to equip students with design thinking skills and ignite
the minds to create innovative ideas, develop solutions for real-time problems.

Course Outcomes:
 Define the concepts related to design thinking.
 Explain the fundamentals of Design Thinking and innovation.
 Apply the design thinking techniques for solving problems in various sectors.
 Analyse to work in a multidisciplinary environment.
 Evaluate the value of creativity.
 Formulate specific problem statements of real time issues.

UNIT I
Introduction to Design Thinking
Introduction to elements and principles of Design, basics of design-dot, line, shape, form as
fundamental design components. Principles of design. Introduction to design thinking, history
of Design Thinking, New materials in Industry.

UNIT II
Design Thinking Process
Design thinking process (empathize, analyze, idea & prototype), implementing the process in
driving inventions, design thinking in social innovations. Tools of design thinking - person,
costumer, journey map, brainstorming, product development
Activity: Every student presents their idea in three minutes, Every student can present design
process in the form of flow diagram or flow chart etc. Every student should explain about
product development.

UNIT III
Innovation
Art of innovation, Difference between innovation and creativity, role of creativity and
innovation in organizations- Creativity to Innovation- Teams for innovation- Measuring the
impact and value of creativity.
Activity: Debate on innovation and creativity, Flow and planning from idea to innovation,
Debate on value-based innovation.

UNIT IV
Product Design

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 Program Structure & Detailed Syllabus (VR 23)
Problem formation, introduction to product design, Product strategies, Product value, Product
planning, product specifications- Innovation towards product design- Case studies
Activity: Importance of modelling, how to set specifications, Explaining their own product
design.

UNIT V
Design Thinking in Business Processes
Design Thinking applied in Business & Strategic Innovation, Design Thinking principles that
redefine business – Business challenges: Growth, Predictability, Change, Maintaining
Relevance, Extreme competition, Standardization. Design thinking to meet corporate needs-
Design thinking for Startups- Defining and testing Business Models and Business Cases-
Developing & testing prototypes.
Activity: How to market our own product, About maintenance, Reliability and plan for
startup.

Textbooks:
1. Tim Brown,Change by design, Harper Bollins (2009)
2. Idris Mootee, Design Thinking for Strategic Innovation, 2013, John Wiley & Sons.
Reference Books:
1. David Lee, Design Thinking in the Classroom, Ulysses press
2. Shrutin N Shetty, Design the Future, Norton Press
3. William Lidwell, Universal Principles of Design- Kritinaholden, Jill Butter.
Chesbrough. H, The Era of Open Innovation – 2013

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